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Form 4

Physics
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The study of
matter

Chapter 4:
1 End
Heat
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Physics: Chapter
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4
Objectives:
< Back (what you will learn)
Next >

1) understanding Heat as a
form of
Energy

2 End
2) understanding the Laws
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Heat
Heat is a form of energy.
It flows from a hot body to a cold body.
SI unit: Joule (J)
Temperature is the degree of hotness of a
< Back
body.
Next > SI unit: Kelvin (K)
Amount of heat in a body depends on:
• Mass of object
• Temperature of object
• Type of object
Any physical property of a body which varies
3 End uniformly with temperature will serve as a
measure of temperature.
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Heat
When 2 bodies are in thermal equilibrium,
there is no net flow of heat between the two
bodies.

< Back Specific heat capacity, c of a substance =

Next > amount of heat neede to raise temperature
of 1 kg of the substance by 1oC. It is
measured in J kg-1 C-1.

Amount of heat of a body, Q = mcӨ

where m = mass of object
c = specific heat capacity
4 End
Ө = change in temperature
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Heat
Latent heat absorbed or released during
the change in states,
Q = ml

where m = mass of object

< Back l = specific latent heat
Next >
Specific latent heat of fusion is the heat
needed to change 1 kg of a substance from
solid state to liquid state without any change
in temperature.
It is also the amount of heat needed to
change 1 kg of the substance from liquid
5 End
state to vapour state without any change in
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The Laws
Boyle’s Law
The volume of a fixed mass of gas is
inversely proportional to pressure provided
temperature is constant.
< Back P1V1 =
Next > P2V2
Charles’ Law
The volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly
proportional to its absolute temperature
provided the pressure remains constant.

V1 V2
6 End
T1
=
T2
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The Laws
Pressure Law
The pressure of a fixed mass of gas is
directly proportional to its absolute
temperature provided the volume remains
< Back constant.
P1 P2
Next > =
T1 T2

General Gas Law

Summarizes Boyle’s Law, Charles’ Law and
Pressure Law.
P1V1 P2V2
7 End
T1
=
T2
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The Laws
Relationship between Celcius and Kelvin.

ӨoC = (Ө + 273) K
< Back

Next >
The temperature of –273oC is the minimum
temperature which can be achieved by the
gas.

This temperature is known as absolute

8 End zero.
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Summary
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What you have learned:

< Back
• Understanding Heat as a form of
Energy
• Using the Laws

9 End Thank You

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