18 Risk Assessment of chemicals Chemicals Original Sources Ref = Reference risk Silver nitrate (solution, 0.

1 mol) (Ref 1) Corrosive. The compound is stable, but it can be o idi!ed easil" in solid form. Risk When in solution and in concentration used. Corrosive, harmful, irritant, o idi!in#, $oisonous if consumed. %hen briefl" e posed to s&in it causes a bro'n stain at 0.1mol. %ith more e posures it could causes burns. Minimising risks and storage (loves and safet" #lasses should be 'orn to prevent an" stainin#) also the concentration level of solution should be &ept lo'. Should be stored in dar&, dr" area in closed container and a'a" from easil" o idi!ed compounds. 0ust 'ear safet" #lasses and #loves 'hen handlin#, dust respirator mi#ht be needed. .t should be handled in 'ell ventilated area such as the fume cupboard. .t should be stored in ti#htl" closed container in 'ell ventilated area. 0ust 'ear #loves and safet" #lasses, it should be handled in the fume cupboard and a'a" from an" i#nition sources. 0ust be stored in 'ell ventilated area, a'a" from an" i#nition sources and easil" o idi!ed compounds. Disposal methods

Silver nitrate must be disposed of speciall", it is hi#hl" to ic to a*uatic or#anisms, therefore must not be disposed into bodies of 'ater directl". +er" diluted solution can be 'ashed do'n the sin& directl". -armful to a*uatic or#anisms so therefore must not be directl" disposed into bodies of 'ater, but diluted solution can be 'ashed directl" do'n the sin&.

$otassium thioc"anate (solution, 0.1mol) (Ref ,)

-armful, could be fatal if in#ested. .t 'ill cause irritation 'hen in contact 'ith s&in in its solid form.

-armful and 'ill causes irritation to the s&in if it is e posed to. /t 0.1mol concentration, the chemical is still harmful to s&in and 'hen di#ested.

$otassium perman#anate (solution, 12) (Ref 3)

+er" harmful, combustible, irritant in solid form.

.rritant and corrosive 'hen e posed to s&in 'hen in solution at lo' concentration such as 12.

Small amount of ver" dilute solution can be 'ashed do'n the sin&. %aste solid should be retained for special disposal.

14 5erric ammonium sulfate (solution, saturated) (Ref 1) .rritant and can be absorbed throu#h s&in, to ic 'hen in#ested. .t could also cause respirator" tracts in solid form. .rritant, prolon#ed contact 'ith the solution could cause irritation. .t is to ic 'hen consumed and can be ver" ha!ardous 'hen e posed to the e"e. .n solution, it can cause cancer due to the carcino#enic nature of the chromium. .t is harmful and corrosive still 'hen used at 0.71mol concentration. .t is lo' ha!ard in solution. Safet" #lasses and #loves should be 'orn 'hen handlin# this chemical due to irritation if e posed to s&in. 6o specific stora#e method is needed. 0ust 'ear safet" #lasses and #loves 'hen handlin# this chemical) preferabl" 'or& in a fume cupboard if possible. 0ust 'ear #o##les and should 'ear laborator" coat 'hen handlin# the solution to prevent spillin# onto personal clothes. The solution can be 'ashed do'n the sin& 'ith lar#e *uantities of 'ater.

$otassium +er" to ic, chromate corrosive and indicator o idi!in#. (solution, apro . 0.71mol) (Ref 8) Silver Chloride (Ref 9) :o' ha!ard as solids.

Store for disposal speciall" as a solid 'aste, must not be 'ashed do'n the sin&.

Solids must be dissolved 'ith sodium thiosulfate solution. /nd the concentration of should be diluted before 'ashin# do'n a foul 'ater drain. ;ispose of the solids separatel", as it is insoluble in solution.

Silver chromate (Ref 8)

.rritant and harmful 'hen in#ested. ;o not inhale fumes.

.t is insoluble in solution. Still an irritant.

0ust 'ear #o##les and laborator" coat 'hen handlin# the substances. 0ust 'ear #o##les, could 'ear #loves for e tra protection.

Silver thioc"anate (Ref 4)

.rritant and #ives of irritant fumes.

.t is insoluble in solution, still an irritant.

;ispose of the solids separatel" as it is insoluble in solution.

70 5erric thioc"anate comple (Ref 1 .rritant .rritant 'hen in solution. %ear #o##les and laborator" coat. Can be poured do'n the sin& 'ith plent" of 'ater.