Extended Higgs sectors in new

physics models at the TeV scale

Shinya KANEMURA
Univerisity of TOYAMA
Workshop on Multi-Higgs Models, Lisbon, 28-30, Sep. 2012
Based on woks with
Mayumi Aoki, Yasuhiro Okada, Eibun Senaha, Osamu Seto,
Tetsuo Shindou, Koji Tsumura, Kei Yagyu, Toshifumi Yamada
Introduction
Although the 126 GeV signal has been found at
the LHC , the Higgs sector remains unknown
Minimal/Non-minimal Higgs sector?
We already know BSM phenomena:
Neutrino oscillation

Dark Matter

Baryon Asymmetry of the Universe

Am
2
~ 810
-5
eV
2
, Am
2
~ 210
-3
eV
2
O
DM
h
2
~ 0.11

n
B
/s ~ 910
-11


To understand these phenomena, we need to go beyond-SM
The non-standard Higgs sector would be related to these phenomena
Mass of the Higgs boson
Higgs boson mass was the last
unknown parameter in the SM
The parameter is important
because it directly relates to
dynamics of the Higgs potential
A Heavy Higgs Strong
A relatively light Higgs Weakly
At the LHC, a new particle with
mass of 126 GeV, which might
be the Higgs boson
Why 126 GeV?
m
h
2
= v
2
V()=
2
||
2
||
4
Dynamics of the Higgs potential
Two possibilities
1. m
h
=126 GeV and Weakly-Coupled
m
h
2
v
2
Higgs sector almost SM-like
New physics at high energies

2. m
h
=126 GeV but Strongly-Coupled
m
h
2
v
2

Extended Higgs sectors at low energies
EW scale
Planck scale
GUT scale
EW scale
Planck scale
GUT scale
Landau Pole
Strong-But-Light Scenario!
In this talk
A scenario with a strongly-coupled extended
Higgs sector with a 126 GeV SM-like Higgs
Landau pole is supposed at the O(10) TeV

How can we solve the problems in the SM?
They should be explained by the physics at TeV scale,
which can be directly tested by experiments.
Neutrino Loop-induced by TeV physics
Dark Matter WIMP DM
Baryogenesis Electroweak Baryogenesis
What is the UV complete theory above the
Landau pole?
EW scale
Planck scale
GUT scale
Strongly Coupled
Region
Landau Pole
Physics for
BSM phenomena
Extended Higgs sector

exp
= 1.0008
+0.0017
-0.0007
2
2
2
2 2 2
2
4 ( 1)
cos
2
i i i i i
W i
Z W
i i
i
T T Y v c
m
m
Y v

u
( +

=

L
: SU(2) isospin
: hypercharge
: v.e.v.
i
i
i
T
Y
v
:1 for complex representation
1/2 for real representation
i
c
Muliti-doublets (+ singlets)
are natural extension (=1)
What is the shape of the
Higgs sector?
Simplest Model :
Two Higgs doublet Model (2HDM)
FCNC Suppression
Multi-Higgs models: FCNC via Higgs

To avoid FCNC, impose a discrete symmetry
2HDM: u
1
+ u
1,
u
2
= u
2

Each quark or lepton couples only one of
the Higgs doublets
No FCNC at tree level!
Type X
MSSM
Four types of Yukawa Interaction
Aoki, SK, Tsumura, Yagyu, PRD 80, 015017 (2009)
7
Type Y
Barger, et al.
2 Higgs doublet model (2HDM)
8
Diagonalization
Decoupling/Non-decoupling
Non-decoupling effect
A: Cutoff
M: Mass scale
irrelevant
to VEV
Decoupling/Non-decoupling
Decoupling Theorem
Appelquist-Carazzone 1975
New phys. loop effect in observables
1/M
n
0 (Mdecouple)

Violation of the decoupling theorem
Chiral fermion loop (ex. top )
m
f
= y
f
v
Boson loop (ex. H
+
in non-SUSY 2HDM)
m

2
= v
2
+ M
2
(only if v
2
> M
2
)
Non-decoupling effect
100GeV
h
New Particle

TeV
10
Non-decoupling effect
Example (Electroweak T parameter)



11
t
t
W, Z
H
W, Z W, Z
W,Z
W, Z
(SM )
(2HDM)
Quadratic mass contribution
(non-decoupling effect)
Data |T| < 0.1
Peskin and Takeuchi, 92
Higgs potential
Non-decoupling effect
12
To understand the essence of EWSB, we must know the
self-coupling in addition to the mass independently
Effective potential
Renormalization
Conditions
SM Case
Case of Non-SUSY 2HDM
Consider when the lightest h is SM-like
[sin(|o)=1]
At tree, the hhh coupling takes the
same form as in the SM
At 1-loop, non-decoupling effect m

4

If M < v

Top loop Extra scalar
loop
Correction can be huge 100%
SK, Kiyoura, Okada, Senaha, Yuan, PLB558 (2003)
( = H, A, H

)

13
= H, A, H

Non-decoupling effect Decoupling
Relation to Electroweak Baryogenesis
Sakharovs conditions:
B Violation Sphaleron transition at high T
C and CP Violation CP Phases in extended scalar sector
Departure from Equilibrium 1
st
Order EW Phase Transition
Quick sphaleron decoupling to retain
sufficient baryon number in Broken Phase

14
Effective Potential at Finite Temperatures
SM Case
16
Sphaleron Decoupling m
h
< 60GeV
High Temperature Expansion (for description)
Possibility of Electroweak Baryogenesis is exluded in the SM
Case of 2HDM
+
1
12
3
(
+
3
+

3
+

3
)
17
Sphaleron decoupling condition is
satisfied with m
h
= 126 GeV due to
the non-decoupling effect of extra Higgses
High temperature expansion (for description)
Non-decoupling effects
of additional scalars
EW baryogenesis and the hhh coupling
SK, Okada, Senaha (2005)
18
Strong 1
st
OPT Large hhh coupling
|
c
/T
c
> 1
The same non-decoupling
effect gives a large deviation
in the hhh coupling from the
SM prediction
Testable at the ILC!
The quick sphaleron decoupling
Can be realized with the 126 GeV
SM-like Higgs when extra Higgses
shows non-decoupling property
BSM: Tiny Neutrino Masses
Why neutrino masses are so tiny?
What is the origin of neutrino mass?
Dirac? Majorana?
T
e
r
a
s
c
a
l
e

Mass of Neutrinos
Am
2
21
7.510
-5
eV
2

Am
2
32
2.310
-3
eV
2

BSM: Tiny Neutrino Masses
Neutirno Mass Term (= Effective dim-5 operator)


Mechanism for tiny masses:
m
v
ij
= (c
ij
/M) v
2
< 0.1 eV

Seesaw (tree level)
m
v
ij
= y
i
y
j
v
2
/M (M>> 1TeV)

Quantum Effects
m
v
ij
= [g
2
/(16t
2
)]
N
C
ij
v
2
/M (M can be 1 TeV)
L
eff
= (c
ij
/M) v
i
L
v
j
L
| |
<|> = v = 246GeV
N-th order of perturbation theory
BSM: Neutrino Masses
Neutirno Mass Term (= Effective dim-5 operator)


Mechanism for tiny masses:
m
v
ij
= (c
ij
/M) v
2
< 0.1 eV

Seesaw (tree level)
m
v
ij
= y
i
y
j
v
2
/M (M>> 1TeV)

Quantum Effects
m
v
ij
= [g
2
/(16t
2
)]
N
C
ij
v
2
/M (M can be 1 TeV)
L
eff
= (c
ij
/M) v
i
L
v
j
L
| |
<|> = v = 246GeV
N-th order of perturbation theory
Tiny v-Masses come from loop effects
Zee (1980, 1985)
Zee, Babu (1988)
Krauss-Nasri-Trodden (2002)
..
Extension of the Higg sector!
Merit
Super heavy particles are not necessary
Size of tiny m
v
can naturally be deduced
from TeV scale by higher order perturbation
Physics at TeV: Testable at collider experiments
Scenario of loop-induced vv||
Zee
Krauss, Nasri, Trodden
Babu
Radiative seesaw with Z
2
Ex1) 1-loop Ma (2006)
Simplest model
SM + N
R
+ Inert doublet (H)
DM candidate [ H or NR ]

Ex2) 3-loop Aoki-Kanemura-Seto (2008)
Neutrino mass from O(1) coupling
2HDM +
0
+ S
+
+ N
R

DM candidate [
0
(or NR) ]
Electroweak Baryogenesis



H
H
Z
2
-parity plays roles: 1. No Yukawa coupling (Radiative neutrino mass)
2. Stability of the lightest Z
2
odd particle (DM)
All 3 problems may be solved by TeV physics w/o fine tuning
The 3-loop model (AKS)
Particle Entries
2HDM + S
+
+ + N
R
Neutrino masses are induced
at the 3-loop
DM candidate is
Electroweak Baryogenesis
1. CPV in the 2HDM
2. 1
st
OPT by non-decoupling effect of S
+
Region allowed by Vacuum Stability
and Triviality exists for the cutoff scale
10 TeV, where experimental data
are also satisfied
Z
2
odd
Allowed
region
Excluded
by the VS
condition
Thermal Relic Abundance of
0
m
q
would be around 40-65 GeV for m
S
= 400GeV
(
-
)
(
+
)
k v
k v
WMAP data
The 1-loop process can be comparable
to the bb and tt processes, when o, Y
f
<< k .
The 3-loop model
The requirement and data taken into account
Neutrino Data
DM Abundance, Direct search results
Condition for Strong 1
st
OPT
LEP Bounds on Higgs Bosons
Tevatron Bounds on mH+
B physics: B X
s
, Btv
Tau Leptonic Decays, LFV (e, 3e)
The Phenomenological Properties
Light scalar DM
Light H
+
Type X Yukawa couplings
Strong 1
st
OPT Non-decoupling property
3-loop Lepton # violation process at ILC
Many discriminative predictions!!
N
R
A
H, H
+
q
(DM)
S
+
1TeV
400GeV
200GeV
100GeV
50GeV
h
Mass Spectrum
10TeV
SUSY Extensions
Even when the Landau pole is
10 TeV, there is hierarchy problem
SUSY can give a good theory
We consider modes of EWBG in the
SUSY framework
(But for a strong-but-light scenario)
Model for the UV completion
EW scale
Planck scale
GUT scale
Strongly Coupled
Region
Landau Pole
Physics for
BSM phenomena
What kind of SUSY Higgs sectors give
strong 1
st
OPT ?
(large deviation in the hhh coupling?)
1. MSSM: only D term [+ (F-term top Yukawa at loop)]
determines m
h
, hhh etc.

2. General SUSY Higgs sector
V
int
= |D|
2
+ |F|
2
+ Soft-breaking
F-term contributions: appear with additional singlets, triplets
W = H
u
.H
d
, H
u
H
u
,
Large non-decoupling effects can appear in observables via F-term



Case of
Non-SUSY
THDM
NMSSM (MSSMS)
Chiral Superfield: S (singlet)
which generates F-term interaction
29
h h
h
h

HHS
2
h
h
h
h

HHS
2

HHS
2
S
S
Tree level
Contribution
To the mass
One-loop
Contribution to
The hhh coupling
W =
HHS
H
u
H
d
S
V
F
=
HHS

2
|H
u
H
d
|
2
+
HHS

2
|H
u
S |
2
+
HH|

2
|H
d
S |
2

Same coupling makes both m
h
and the hhh coupling large
m
h
is large, but the deviation in hhh coupling not large
Fat Higgs model
Harnik, Kribs, Larson, Murayama
Composite H
1
, H
2
, N
A UV complete theory
At low energy, a strong NMSSM
The SM-like Higgs can be heavy
30
can be of O(1)
m
h
> 200 GeV
No tree level
contribution to the
mass of h
4HDMcharged singlets
1,2

31
h
h
h
h

2
O, H
One-loop contribution
W =
1
H
u
H
u
O
1
+
2
H
d
H
d
O
2
V
F
=
1

2
|H
u
H
u
|
2
+
1

2
|H
u
O
1
|
2
+
1
2
|H
u
H
u
|
2

+
2

2
|H
d
H
d
|
2
+
2

2
|H
d
O
2
|
2
+
2
2
|H
d
H
d
|
2

h
h
h
h

2
O, H
O, H
O, H
O, H
+ +
Non-decoupling effect (
4
/g
2
)
appears in the hhh coupling after renormalization
H
u,d
: extra doublets, O
1,2
: charged singlets
h h
h
h
g
2
100GeV
MSSM-like
Higgses
H
u
, H
d
O
1
, O
2


TeV
S.K., T. Shindou, K. Yagyu, 2010
Z
2
odd
Non-decoupling effects
< 2.5
A > 4 TeV
SM-like Higgs mass
The hhh coupling
Deviation can be large when
m
h
cannot be very large: 114-135 GeV
20-70% !
X
t
=0.6
X
t
=2.0
X
t
=1.2
S.K., T. Shindou, K. Yagyu, 2010
EW Phase Transition in 4HDM+O
4HDM+O is a new viable model
which can give the strong 1
st
OPT
easily. (2 TeV < A
cutoff
< 10
2
TeV)

In this case, deviations in the hhh coupling = 15% - 70 %
Testable at ILC !
|
C
T
c
S.K., E. Senaha, T. Shindou arXiv:1109.5226
W =
1
H
u
H
u
O
1
+
2
H
d
H
d
O
2
|
c
/T
c
> 1
10
2
TeV > A > 2 TeV
Large hhh coupling Strong 1
st
OPT
For relatively large
1
,
2
couplings,
Sphaleron condition is satisfied
RGE analysis in 4HDM+O

2
A
cutoff

2.5 2 TeV
2.0 10 TeV
1.5 100 TeV


W =
1
H
u
H
u
O
1
+
2
H
d
H
d
O
2
S.K., T. Shindou, K. Yagyu, 2010
Landau Pole
What waits beyond the Landau Pole ?

A UV-complete model
1. Consider SUSY SU(2) gauge theory with 3 pairs of
matter superfields (the same setup as Fat Higgs)

2. The theory becomes strongly coupled at an IR scale.

3. Low-energy effective theory below is described by
Meson superfields, which have large couplings.
Higgs superfields = Mesons of SUSY gauge theory

A UV complete scenario
SU(2)
H
SUSY QCD with N
c
=2 and N
f
=3
with three pairs of matter fields T
i

N
f
=N
c
+1: Confinement occurs

Below
H
, the effective theory is
described by mesons
IR:
Running of
below
H
UV:
Running of g
H

above
H
/
H
/
H

g
H
Intrigator and Seiberg, hep-ph/9509066
S.K., T. Shindou, T. Yamada, 1206.1002
Mesons = Higgses
Identify the fifteen mesons with the fields of
an extended Higgs sector.






Superpotential is rewritten as


4HDM+
(+ neutral singlets)
S.K., T. Shindou, T. Yamada, 1206.1002
Unrequired fields can be set heavy ~
H
SM-like Higgs mass at benchmark points.

(extra-Higgsino masses come from Higgs VEVs)
Soft masses:
Predicted
mass of h
Strong-But-Light
Scenario!
4HDM+
(+ neutral singlets)
S.K., E. Senaha, T. Shindou, 1109.5226
Interesting SUSY model for
neutrino mass, DM and EWBG
Framework: SU(2)
H
Z
2
(SM sym.)

Addition of N
R
superfields to the model
The model contains fields in the SUSY
Ma model or the SUSY AKS model with
the required strong coupling with
light (126GeV) Higgs
Below
H
the low energy effective theory can
explain Electroweake Baryogenesis, Neutrino
mass and DM by radiative seesaw scenario
EW scale
Planck scale
Landau Pole
S.K., T. Shindou, T. Yamada, work in progress
Summary
We have discussed various possibilities of extended
Higgs sectors in models to explain new physics
phenomena at TeV scale with relatively strong couplings
Baryogenesis Electroweak Baryogenesis
Neutrino Mass Radiative Seesaw
DM WIMP
These scenarios can predict many discriminative and
testable collider signatures
We have also discussed a UV complete model above the
Landau pole, which predicts SUSY extensions of the
above models at the TeV scale
Physics of extended Higgs sectors is rich!
Back Up Slides
Predictions of Type X 2HDM
Decays:





At LHC,
Type X 2HDM can be discriminated
from MSSM (Type-II) by the
combination of tt gluon fusion
H, A decay into tt, not bb.
Aoki, SK, Tsumura, YagyuarXiv:0902.4665[hep-ph]
ppA (H) tt
and bb associate (H)A production
pp bbA (bbH)
Type X Yukawa structure of the mode can be well tested at LHC and ILC.
We add one -even, and SM gauge singlet, .
Most general superpotential involving :



We assume and .

remains perturbative up to the Planck scale.

Integrating out, and with conformal enhancement,
we have with .



Test the Majorana Nature at ILC
The sub-diagram itself can be directly
measured at the e
-
e
-
collision.
Signal: t

with large missing E

o(e
-
e
-
S
-
S
-
)=O(10)pb!
Combination of e
+
e
-
and e
-
e
-
processes is useful to test this model
h
e
o
=O(1)
Fat Higgs model
Harnik, Kribs, Larson, Murayama
Composite H
1
, H
2
, N
A UV complete theory
At low energy, a strong NMSSM
The SM-like Higgs can be heavy
45
can be of O(1)
m
h
> 200 GeV
90%C.L.
68%C.L..
T
S
the effect of the THDM

=200GeV

=300GeV
ST plot in the THDM

12
2

1
12
ln

2
,

=300GeV,

is varied from
200 to 400 GeV by the 10 GeV
stepblack dots.
When

,
we obtain S

= 0 and

= 0.
In a heavy Higgs boson case, the precision measurement data can be
satisfied by the mass splitting between

and .
=

The precision measurement data

, sin( ) = 1

=210GeV

=400GeV
46

=117GeV

=500GeV

=200GeV
The precision measurement data
constrain mass splitting
Unitarity restricts a large lambda
Stability restricts a sign of lambda
Direct search constrain

=117GeV
T
S
allowed region
10
2
10
3
the light SM-like Higgs boson
m
A
[GeV]
The mass splitting is required to be small
the colored region is excluded

=117GeV
Combined results
47
SK, Okada, Taniguchi, Tsumura, 2011
T
S

=500GeV

=500GeV
allowed region
m
A
[GeV]
the heavy SM-like Higgs boson
The large mass splitting is required by EWPO.
The upper bound of

is 1 TeV.
Combined results
the colored region is excluded
The precision measurement data
constrain mass splitting
Unitarity restricts a large lambda
Stability restricts a sign of lambda
Direct search constrain

48
SK, Okada, Taniguchi, Tsumura, 2011
Mass of the lightest
Higgs boson
Kanemura, Kasai, Okada
1999
The predicted region of mass can
be differ even if all the other
phenomena behave like the SM
in the low energy.


SM
2HDM type1
2HDM type 2
MSSM
Model without = 1 at tree level
Model with =1: SM, 2HDM, MSSM, . 3 inputs (
EM
, G
F
, m
Z
)
with cos
W
=m
W
/m
Z

=1 measures the violation of SU(2)v in the loop dynamics
ex) (m
t
m
b
)
2
/v
2
quark-loop
or (m
H+
m
A
)
2
/v
2
scalar-loop

Model without =1: models with tripletes 4 inputs (
EM
, G
F
, m
Z
, sin
2
w)

Renormalization of additional EW parameter sin
2
w absorbs
the violation of the custodial SU(2)v symmetry



No quadratic mass dependences in
ex) ln(m
t
/m
b
) quark-loop
50
v
e
(a
e
): vector (axial)
part of the Zee vertex
Higgs Triplet Model (HTM)
Tree level


Loop level

51
S. Kanemura, K. Yagyu, arXiv:1201.6287
Neutrino mass via Type-II Seesaw mechanism
Predictions of Type X 2HDM
Decays:





At LHC,
Type X 2HDM can be discriminated
from MSSM (Type-II) by the
combination of tt gluon fusion
H, A decay into tt, not bb.
Aoki, SK, Tsumura, YagyuarXiv:0902.4665[hep-ph]
ppA (H) tt
and bb associate (H)A production
pp bbA (bbH)
Type X Yukawa structure of the mode can be well tested at LHC and ILC.
Seesaw Mechanism?
Super heavy RH neutrinos (M
NR
~ 10
10-15
GeV)
Hierarchy between M
NR
and m
D
generates that
between m
D
and tiny m
v
(m
D
~ 100 GeV)




Simple, compatible with GUT etc
Introduction of a super high scale
Hierarchy for hierarchy!
Far from experimental reach
m
v
= m
D
2
/M
N
R
Minkowski
Yanagida
Gell-Mann et al
vv||
L
R