!

"#$"%&"'(
'(%)&(* &,-.$/
[Lheory, work, human}
[group, member, [ewlsh}
[woman, chlld, man}
[album, band, muslc}
[black, whlLe, people}
[language, word, form}
[sLyle, bgcolor, rowspan}
[company, markeL, buslness}
[land, cenLury, early}
[clLy, large, area}
[counLry, populaLlon, people}
[[card[, make, deslgn}
ln soclology, anLhropology
and culLural sLudles, a
/"#$"%&"'( ls a group of
people wlLh a culLure
(wheLher dlsLlncL or
hldden) whlch
dlfferenLlaLes Lhem from
Lhe larger culLure Lo
whlch Lhey belong, for
example, lf a parLlcular
subculLure ls
characLerlzed by a
sysLemaLlc opposlLlon Lo
Lhe domlnanL culLure, lL
may be descrlbed as a
counLerculLure.
!"#$%#$&
1 ueflnlLlon
2 ldenLlfylng
subculLures
3 SubculLures'
relaLlonshlps wlLh
malnsLream culLure
4 urban Lrlbes
3 Sexual
subculLures
6 See also
7 looLnoLes
8 8eferences
9 LxLernal llnks
0(1.2.&.,2
As early as 1930, uavld
8lesman dlsLlngulshed
beLween a ma[orlLy,
"whlch passlvely accepLed
commerclally provlded
'(%)&(*
*,$"3(2&/
SecL
Mordecal kaplan
Cemara
ueducLlve
reasonlng
8las
Cosmos
CognlLlve
llngulsLlcs
yrrho
LLhnomuslcology
CulLural blas
Sllva MeLhod
Cargo culL sclence
1houghL
ulscovery
(observaLlon)
Maglc reallsm
Ascrlbed
characLerlsLlcs
8alph CudworLh
Samuel 8alley
1raduclanlsm
8ounded
raLlonallLy
8rowse ! 1oplcs uocumenLs 1erms AbouL Search !
sLyles and meanlngs, and
a 'subculLure' whlch
acLlvely soughL a mlnorlLy
sLyle ... and lnLerpreLed lL
ln accordance wlLh
subverslve values".
[1]
ln
hls 1979 book !"#$"%&"'(
&)( +(,-.-/ 01 !&2%(, ulck
Pebdlge argued LhaL a
subculLure ls a subverslon
Lo normalcy. Pe wroLe
LhaL subculLures can be
percelved as negaLlve due
Lo Lhelr naLure of crlLlclsm
Lo Lhe domlnanL socleLal
sLandard. Pebdlge argued
LhaL subculLures brlng
LogeLher llke-mlnded
lndlvlduals who feel
neglecLed by socleLal
sLandards and allow Lhem
Lo develop a sense of
ldenLlLy.
ln 1993, Sarah 1hornLon,
drawlng on lerre
8ourdleu, descrlbed
"subculLural caplLal" as
Lhe culLural knowledge
and commodlLles
acqulred by members of a
subculLure, ralslng Lhelr
sLaLus and helplng
dlfferenLlaLe Lhemselves
from members of oLher
groups.
[2]
ln 2007, ken
Celder proposed Lo
dlsLlngulsh subculLures
from counLerculLures
based on Lhe level of
lmmerslon ln socleLy.
[3]
Celder furLher proposed
slx key ways ln whlch
subculLures can be
ldenLlfled:
4*(2&.15.26
Slmlle
AugusLo 8oal
Samson 8aphael
Plrsch
1he Lgo and lLs
Cwn
PerberL ulngle
lranz xaver von
8aader
Plerarchlcal
organlzaLlon
Lmmanuel Levlnas
CbservaLlon
Classlcal unlLles
/"#$"%&"'(/
1he sLudy of subculLures
ofLen conslsLs of Lhe sLudy
of symbollsm aLLached Lo
cloLhlng, muslc and oLher
vlslble affecLaLlons by
members of subculLures,
and also Lhe ways ln
whlch Lhese same
symbols are lnLerpreLed
by members of Lhe
domlnanL culLure.
Accordlng Lo ulck
Pebdlge, members of a
subculLure ofLen slgnal
Lhelr membershlp
Lhrough a dlsLlncLlve and
symbollc use of sLyle,
whlch lncludes fashlons,
mannerlsms, and argoL.
[4]
lull arLlcle !
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