Technical Information Session

UNDERGROUND TRANSMISSION LINES

September 18, 2009

AGENDA
8:30 10:30 Technical Information Session
Opening Remarks & Housekeeping Items Presenter Introductions General Update Underground Presentation

10:30 10:45 10:45 12:30

Break Technical Information Session Resumes

Continue Underground Presentation Final Questions Final Remarks

12:30 2:00

Networking Lunch Reception

HOUSEKEEPING ITEMS
Location of Emergency Exits Information Session Format Information Session Ground Rules

PRESENTERS
Stephen Kane AltaLink Fred Ritter AESO Ernesto Zaccone EuropaCable Brian Gregory CCI Ray Awad SNC George Bowden - AltaLink Dave Arnold EPCOR

General Update
Stephen Kane - AltaLink Fred Ritter - AESO

GENERAL UPDATE
Underground cable projects worldwide Visit to Japan

UNDERGROUND WORLDWIDE (AC)

NORTH AMERICA: 345kV EUROPE: 400kV CHINA: 500kV UNDER CONSTRUCTION

JAPAN: 500kV (40km x two circuits) Shin Toyosu Line

JAPAN
Outline of system:
Name of Line: Shin-Keiyo Toyosu Line Voltage: 500 kV Cable: XLPE 1 x 2,500mm2 Number of Circuits: 2 Length: 39.8 km Transmission Capacity: 900 MW /circuit (1,200 MW future)

JAPAN

WORK TO DATE
Department of Energy and the AESO each initiated a study on underground transmission AESO working collaboratively with Heartland Project Team Feasibility study of 500 kV AC underground transmission is continuing

Underground Presentation Outline

Stephen Kane AltaLink

UNDERGROUND PRESENTATION OUTLINE

Fred Ritter

Brian Gregory George Bowden Stephen Kane Ray Awad David Arnold

George Bowden

Project Need, Capacity & Reliability Requirements

Fred Ritter AESO

PROJECT NEED PLANNING CRITERIA

Forecast Transmission Capability Requirements within the Northeast Alberta Region

Comply with Reliability Criteria

Alignment with the Provincial Energy Strategy

PROJECT NEED
REQUIRED TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY
Required Transmission Capability to the Northeast Region
5,000 Load & Generation Scenarios

4,500

4,000

Required Transmission Capability (MW)

3,500

3,000

2,500

2,000

1,500

1,000

500

0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Year 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

TRANSMISSION REQUIREMENTSHEARTLAND REGION

To Fort McMurray

WEST Option

EAST Option

CAPACITY REQUIREMENTS
3,000 MW capacity per circuit
Overhead Underground

2008/09 peak load for the city of Edmonton alone = 1,200 MW

500 kV TRANSMISSION SYSTEM ILLUSTRATION

CIRCUIT 1 3000 MW

CIRCUIT 2 3000 MW

1 BUNDLE OF 3 CONDUCTORS

2 CABLES

500 kV TRANSMISSION SYSTEM CONCEPT

CIRCUIT 1 3000 MW CIRCUIT 2 3000 MW

RELIABILITY REQUIREMENTS

System transfer capability 3,000 MW

1,500 MW 1,500 MW

3,000 MW

If one circuit goes down, the other must be capable of bearing the load.

Each circuit will operate up to 1,500 MW However, each circuit must be capable of carrying 3,000 MW in the event of an outage.

SUMMARY
Work is continuing to advance the transmission reinforcement into the Northeast region. Feasibility studies will be continued on 500 kV underground transmission. Heartland transmission development is: Consistent with AESOs Long-term Transmission Plan; and Aligned with the Provincial Energy Strategy. AESO has directed the HPT to submit a Facility Application to meet the need considering options as noted earlier.

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS?

Losses
Fred Ritter AESO

LOSSES
Alberta Transmission System losses from 2006 to 2008

Year 2006 2007 2008

Transmission Loss (MWh) 2,842,000 2,816,000 2,672,000

Transmission Loss (%) 4.9% 4.8% 4.6%

LOSSES

LOSSES
System and detailed engineering studies are being performed to assess the losses for combined overhead/underground system with and without reactors. Study considerations include: Reactors Cable design Power flow Loading on the circuit Overhead design Cable circuit length

QUESTIONS?

Cable Design
Brian Gregory CCI

DESIGN 500 kV CABLE: TOPICS

500 kV Cable Types of 500 kV Cable Cable Requirements 500 kV Cable System Cable Accessories Reliability Cable Repair Requirements Thermal Design Considerations Cable Length

500 kV CABLE

Conductor Conductor shield Insulation Insulation shield Cushioning layers Metal sheath and ground conductor Jacket

155 mm 6.25 in

TYPES OF 500 kV CABLE

500 kV 1,000mm2 Grand Coulee Dam 1976
SCFF (Self Contained Fluid Filled) Paper tapes and fluid

500 kV 2,500 mm2 Japan 1991

SCFF LPP (Laminated polypropylene paper) tapes and oil 2009

500 kV 2,500 mm2 Tokyo 2000

Extruded XLPE (Cross linked polyethylene)

ALTERNATIVE SYSTEMS
Gas Insulated Lines (GIL)
Insulation: Conductor Connector face

Support insulator Particle trap Enclosure (plus jacket if buried) Diameter: ~600 mm, 2 ft

220kV GIL Tunnel Geneva 2001

Spiral weld
400kV GIS Substation Elstree UK 400kV

500 kV CABLE SYSTEM

Includes: Cable sections, splices, terminations and ancillaries (e.g. link boxes)

Potheads (terminations)

Link box

Splices (joints) Link box

ACCESSORIES
Terminators interface the cable ends to air insulated equipment

Splices connect cable lengths

A 400kV splice ready for burial

Four types of 400kV potheads on pre-qual test

HIGH RELIABILITY IS ESSENTIAL

Cable and accessories manufacture Experience Proving test for service application

Insulation sampling

400kV, one year pre-qualification tests for Berlin

CABLE REPAIR REQUIREMENTS

Considerations for repair of underground system:
Accessibility

In the event of damage/failure: Locate Excavate Repair

400kV cable circuit below UK field (Transmission station in distance)

CABLE REPAIR REQUIREMENTS

Considerations for repair of underground system: Availability of spare equipment Availability of specialized team Seasonal consideration Locating and excavating 2 to 3 weeks for a qualified team to perform repairs.
Temporary enclosure for below-ground splicing in Singapore

500 kV CABLE THERMAL DESIGN Considerations:

Temperature Conductor size Heat dissipation Number of trenches Spacing Backfill Depth

500 kV CABLE THERMAL DESIGN

Goal: to prevent the cable from exceeding its 90oC design temperature at the maximum summer ambient soil temperature of 20oC
A conductor size of 2,500mm2 is selected to limit the heat generation An efficient heat flow path is provided from the cable to the ground surface: The spacing between each cable is increased Thermally stabilized backfill is selected The depth of burial is minimized Temperature/condition monitoring

500 kV CABLE THERMAL DESIGN

The trenches are spaced sufficiently far apart to make them thermally independent

CABLE CIRCUIT LENGTH - LIMITS

A transmission cable that carries electric current is like a long balloon hose that carries water. When the tap is suddenly turned on, the balloon first inflates and must stabilize before water flows out of the end.

Low voltage cables are like stiff balloons They dont expand much, so more water flows out 500kV cables are like elastic balloons They expand more, so less water flows out

The longer a 500kV cable circuit becomes, the less electricity it can deliver.

CABLE DESIGN SUMMARY

To be considered as a cable system There are several types of cable systems Cable repairs (locate, excavate, repair) Thermal considerations impact the design details Cable circuit (length) limitation Reliability is essential

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS?

Transition Stations
George Bowden - AltaLink

DESIGN TRANSITION STATIONS

Transition station Reactors Switching Transition station profile & layout

TRANSITION STATION
A transition station is a location that provides a connection point where underground cables are transitioned into overhead wires.

Components may include: Arrestors Insulators Reactors Termination structure

REACTORS
Reactors store energy in the form of a magnetic field that is generated from a current Electric reactors are like water tanks that are installed at regular intervals along the hose When the balloon is inflating, the tank feeds out the lost water When the balloon has stabilized, the tank level receives a top up

REACTOR
Reactors could be located: At the cable termination stations; and At remote station ends

REACTORS

Reactors are needed to: Retain capacity of long length underground cable Regulate voltage

SWITCHING

Switching is needed to: Connect and disconnect equipment Maintenance isolates equipment Fault isolation

TRANSITION STATION

TRANSITION STATION
PROFILE CONCEPT

32 m

TRANSITION STATION
LAYOUT CONCEPT

TRANSITION STATIONS SUMMARY

Transition stations provide a connection from overhead to underground Includes components such as reactors which: Retain capacity of the line Regulate voltage of the line Sample size of transition stations: Height approximately a 10 storey building Area approximately 2 football fields

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS?

Geographical Considerations
Stephen Kane AltaLink

GEOGRAPHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
River Crossing

Agricultural Land

Road Crossing

Rail Crossing

Pipeline Crossing

Water body/ Wetland

GEOGRAPHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Agricultural Land

GEOGRAPHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Pipelines / existing infrastructure

GEOGRAPHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Roadway Highway Cable Installation

GEOGRAPHIC CONSIDERATIONS
Railway

GEOGRAPHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Water Body, Pond, River and Wetland

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
Water crossings/ wetlands Wildlife habitat Agricultural lands Archaeological sites Historic sites Noise

GEOGRAPHICAL SUMMARY
Geographical Considerations Agricultural Road Pipeline River Water body/Wetland Environmental

SUMMARY

Installation Techniques
Ray Awad SNC

CABLE INSTALLATION TECHNIQUES Trenching Directional Drilling Pipe Jacking Tunneling

CABLE INSTALLATION TECHNIQUES

Trenching:
Most common technique Cables pulled on rollers

UK: 400 kV

CABLE INSTALLATION TECHNIQUES

Trenching (direct burial):

CABLE INSTALLATION TECHNIQUES

Trenching (concrete duct bank):

CABLE INSTALLATION TECHNIQUES

Horizontal Directional Drilling:
Under wetlands, water bodies, river crossings and roads Cable is pulled through ducts

CABLE INSTALLATION TECHNIQUES

Pipe Jacking:
Utilized under deep obstructions Cable is pulled in ducts

CABLE INSTALLATION TECHNIQUES

Tunneling (prefabricated sections):

CABLE INSTALLATION TECHNIQUES

Tunneling (prefabricated sections):

CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS
What are the construction considerations for: Transition Stations Cable Installation Cable Pulling Joint Bays

CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS
Transition Station Considerations:
Accommodate all Cable Terminations, Switching and Protection equipment Small building for SF-6 terminations (optional) Good grounding system Well drained Fenced

CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS
Cable Installation Considerations:
Ease of trenching: Duct Bank or in Duct Passing under some types of pipes: HDD (Horizontal Directional Drilling) Major considerations: High pressure oil and gas pipelines, Highways Push pipes or Tunneling

CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS
Cable Pulling Considerations:
Access to site Ambient temperature Positioning of cable reel and pulling winch Completely prepared cable infrastructure (trench, ducts, HDD, Pipe jacking, Joint Bays and Cable termination structures)

CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS
Joint Bay:
Approximate dimensions 12 m x 3 m x 2 m

CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS
Joint Bay:
Temporary covering required (protection against inclement weather) Thermal sand back-filling

Downtown Edmonton Supply and Substation Project (DESS)

David Arnold EPCOR

CABLE RATINGS
Voltage 255 kV Ampacity as per table The following minimum ampacities are required for all sections of the underground transmission line.
Operating Conditions Normal Operations (85% Load Factor) Normal Operations (85% Load Factor) 100-hour Short Term Emergency* 100-hour Short Term Emergency* Season Summer Winter Summer Winter Rating, Amps (MVA**) 1,099 (472) 1,294 (556) 1,287 (535) 1,455 (605)

*85% Preload prior to start of 100-hour short term emergency operation Temperature - 105C maximum at Emergency rating Fault rating 20 KA for 0.52 seconds

DOWNTOWN EDMONTON SUPPLY & SUBSTATION PROJECT Cable Route

DOWNTOWN EDMONTON SUPPLY & SUBSTATION PROJECT Duct bank Cross Section

DOWNTOWN EDMONTON SUPPLY & SUBSTATION PROJECT Railway Crossing

DOWNTOWN EDMONTON SUPPLY & SUBSTATION PROJECT Directional Drilling Rig

DOWNTOWN EDMONTON SUPPLY & SUBSTATION PROJECT

Barrel Reamer

DOWNTOWN EDMONTON SUPPLY & SUBSTATION PROJECT Pipe

DOWNTOWN EDMONTON SUPPLY & SUBSTATION PROJECT Pipe Install

DOWNTOWN EDMONTON SUPPLY & SUBSTATION PROJECT Duct Installation

DOWNTOWN EDMONTON SUPPLY & SUBSTATION PROJECT Trench

DOWNTOWN EDMONTON SUPPLY & SUBSTATION PROJECT Excavation

DOWNTOWN EDMONTON SUPPLY & SUBSTATION PROJECT Excavation

DOWNTOWN EDMONTON SUPPLY & SUBSTATION PROJECT Duct bank installation in a manhole

DOWNTOWN EDMONTON SUPPLY & SUBSTATION PROJECT Excavation

DOWNTOWN EDMONTON SUPPLY & SUBSTATION PROJECT Jack & Bore Tunnel

DOWNTOWN EDMONTON SUPPLY & SUBSTATION PROJECT Manhole

DOWNTOWN EDMONTON SUPPLY & SUBSTATION PROJECT Cable

DOWNTOWN EDMONTON SUPPLY & SUBSTATION PROJECT Cable Reel

DOWNTOWN EDMONTON SUPPLY & SUBSTATION PROJECT Termination

DOWNTOWN EDMONTON SUPPLY & SUBSTATION PROJECT Cable Splice

CONSTRUCTION SUMMARY

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS?

Operation & Maintenance

George Bowden AltaLink

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE

An underground cable maintenance program would typically include a combination of the following: Time Based Maintenance (Scheduled) Conditional Maintenance (Unscheduled) Corrective Maintenance (Unscheduled)

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE

The cable route would also be regularly inspected for: Changing soil conditions New construction in the area Examine connections Where manholes are used, check the duct entrances Look for signs of movement at cable terminations. Check cable mountings and supports

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE

Spare Equipment Requirements: Cable Joints and terminations Accessories and other mechanical items unique to the cable installation Spare parts for reactors similar to transformer spare parts

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE SUMMARY

Maintenance program: Time Based Maintenance (Scheduled) Conditional Maintenance (Unscheduled) Corrective Maintenance (Unscheduled) Inspections Spares

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS?

Closing Remarks
Fred Ritter - AESO Stephen Kane - AltaLink

Thank You