Annotated Bibliography Primary Sources

Collection of Photos From the Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks. Skloot, Rebecca. The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks. New York: Crown Publishers, 2010. This collection helped us to see the family before and after learning first about the cancer, and then after learning what their mothers cells had been used for. These pictures demonstrate the effects of the hardship on the family.

Multiphoton fluorescence image of HeLa cells stained with the actin binding toxin phalloidin (red), microtubules (cyan) and cell nuclei (blue). Photo Credits Tom Deerinck Collins , Francis . "NIH Director's Blog." NIH Directors Blog. http://directorsblog.nih.gov/2013/08/07/hela-cells-a-new-chapter-in-an-enduringstory/#more-1902 (accessed December 20, 2013). This photo allowed us to view the HeLa cells after they had been dyed and viewed under a microscope. The amount of HeLa Cells alive today helps us demonstrate the influence this immoral act had on science. It, along with everything HeLa Cells helped to develop, counters the argument that this act was simply immoral.

Picture of Radium Tubes Photographer unknown "The Global Library of Womens Medicine." Radiation Therapy for Cervical Carcinoma. http://www.glowm.com/section_view/heading/Radiation%20Therapy%20for%20Cervi cal%20Carcinoma/item/234 (accessed January 10, 2014). This shows us some of the techniques used to eradicate the cancer. The Radium tubes sewn into Henrietta lacks burned her. This new, experimental, procedure infringed upon Henriettas rights and the doctors proceeded without her prior and informed consent.

Photo of HeLa Cells. HeLa Cells. A Moral Compass Harris, Morgan. http://moralcompass.blog.sbc.edu/2010/12/02/morgans-blog/hela-cells/ This photograph was used to depict Henriettas immortal cells on the website page titled Her Doctors Responsibilities the purpose of using this photograph as a link to this page was to

show that her doctors had a moral and legal responsibility to protect the cells. It expresses to the viewer how beautiful the cells are, and that the cells were the doctors responsibility to protect.

Photo of HeLa Grave Site Skloot, Rebecca. "Science Blogs." Culture Dish. http://scienceblogs.com/culturedish/2010/05/31/more-on-henrietta-lackss-new-g/ (accessed January 10, 2014). This photo shows us the gravesite of Henrietta lacks. It demonstrates to us that her family cared about her enough to form a grave. It represents her as person, not an experiment or a group of cells to further research.

Photo of Henrietta Lacks. Henrietta Lacks Memorial Lecture The Johns Hopkins Institute for Clinical and Translational Research. http://ictr.johnshopkins.edu/consulting/consultingservices/research-participant-and-community-partnerships-core/the-henrietta-lacksmemorial-lecture/henrietta-lacks/ (Accessed January 26, 2014) This photo was used to demonstrate that Henrietta was a real person, and that she wasnt just a medical experiment. This picture was used as a link to the page Her Rights on the website, to illustrate to the viewer that she was a human being born with certain unalienable rights that had been infringed upon just because of the color of her skin.

Photo of Howard W. Jones, Jr., M.D."Cold Chain Transport Blog." Webinar: Reproductive Technology, Bioethics, Religion and the Law. http://www.cryoport.com/biologicalshipping-blog/bid/102395/Webinar-Reproductive-Technology-Bioethics-Religion-and-theLaw (accessed January 10, 2014). This photo shows us the doctor of Henrietta lacks. He, without her permission, illegally took and sold HeLa cells. This shows us the face of the immoral deed. He infringed upon his responsibilities as her doctor. This picture was used to show our readers the face of the man who took it upon himself to infringe upon Henriettas rights.

"ELI Common Reader Program." ELI Common Reader Program. http://blogs.nvcc.edu/elicommonreader/tag/deborah-lacks/ (accessed January 10, 2014). Photo of Deborah Lacks and Rebecca Skloot.

This photo shows us the close bond the two formed through the writing of this book. Deborah Lacks quotes fill the book and show a personal connection. This will be used to showcase the hurt and sadness of the family left behind.

Photo showing a short biography marker of Henrietta Lacks life Marker History . "Henrietta Lacks (1920-1951) U-53 | Marker History." Marker History Henrietta Lacks 19201951 Comments. http://www.markerhistory.com/henrietta-lacks-1920-1951-marker-u-53/ (accessed January 10, 2014). This photo shows us the small pieces of memorabilia, which help to show the world the women behind so many great advances in medicine. After Rebecca Skloots book, the world began to uncover the women behind the cells. This sign shows the world a small depiction of Henrietta.

Photo of the lacks family today http://www.lyceumagency.com/the+lacks+family.aspx This photo shows the lacks family today. They travel around and talk to audiences about their matriarch and her contributions to science. The after effects of the infringement upon rights are still shown today. The family travels and shares their side of the story with the world.

Photo of medical experimentation "Auschwitz-Birkenau-Gallery." Auschwitz-Birkenau Gallery. http://en.auschwitz.org/m/index.php?option=com_ponygallery&func=detail&id=452&Ite mid=17 (accessed January 7, 2014). This photo demonstrates past strains on ethical reasoning on the subject of medical experimentation. This photo shows an experiment from the Auschwitz Holocaust camp. The rights infringements did not begin with Henrietta and they did not end from that point forward. This shows a past event, which did not care for the human lives, they hurt and the rights violations they caused.

Secondary Sources

Brown, Russell W., and James H. M. Henderson. The Mass Production and Distribution of HeLa Cells at Tuskegee Institute, 1953-55. Journal of the History of Medicine 38, no. 1-753 (1983): 415-31. December 22, 2013. http://jhmas.oxfordjournals.org/content/38/4/415.full.pdf This journal provided information on how the HeLa project began and how it was run. It gave details on the experiments preformed on her cells and the uses of the cells. This source was used to provide knowledge of the initial thoughts of the medical world when Henriettas cells were found to be immortal. It allowed us to create an understanding of what the scientists believed the cells could do.

Collins, Francis. HeLa Cells: A New Chapter in An Enduring Story. NIH Directors Blog (Web blog post),August 7, 2013. http://directorsblog.nih.gov/2013/08/07/hela-cells-anew-chapter-in-an-enduring-story/#more-1902 (accessed December 20, 2013). This article gave a quick overview on the uses of HeLa cells, and the controversy they have caused over the years. It provides an explanation of a solution to both advancing society and protecting Henriettas descendants. This journal was used to further our understanding of the ethics that were forgotten when Henriettas cells were found to be extraordinary.

Grady, Denise. A Lasting Gift to Medicine That Wasnt Really a Gift. The New York Times. February 1, 2010. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/02/health/02seco.html?_r=0 This article references Rebecca Skloots book, and more importantly the violations the HeLa project has done to Henrietta Lacks and her descendants. This source was used to gain knowledge on the court issues regarding the unconsented use of her cells.

Kappel, Hunter. Henrietta Lacks and Her Immortal Cell. Cell Biology (2011): 12-13. http://dujs.dartmouth.edu/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/11s_final-12-13.pdf. (Accessed February 2, 2014) This medical journal gave information on the specific impacts of the HeLa cells over time. The source provided explanations of how the HeLa cells contributed to research, and which ones they

specifically helped to develop. The source was used to further our explanations of the impacts created by HeLa cells.

Lacks, D. Jr. Impressive Number of the Hela Cell. Lacks Family (Web log post), January 26, 2013. http://www.lacksfamily.net/index.php. This article provided a general statement of how far Henriettas cells and story have not only influenced the medical industry, but the society as a whole. The source was able to communicate the value society has for Henriettas cells, and why her story has been so important to teaching about her contributions.

Skloot, Rebecca. Henrietta Lacks A Donors Immortal Legacy. NPR. February 2, 2010. http://www.npr.org/2010/02/02/123232331/henrietta-lacks-a-donors-immortal-legacy The source was used to provide information on Rebeccas book as well as an interview with the Lacks family. It gave us more knowledge on how influential these cells are and the reasons why it has been such a controversial topic since they were taken without consent.

Skloot, Rebecca. The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks. New York: Crown Publishing Group, 2010. This source was used to give understanding to the time period Henrietta Lacks lived in. It helped to create background, and give a summary of the events that occurred while Henrietta lived, and after she died. We used this source to solidify our opinions, and to understand why her doctors had the authority to take her cells without consent, and the effects these actions have had on todays medical industry.

Wald, Priscilla. Cognitive estrangement, science fiction, and medical ethics The Lancet 371, no. 9623 (2008): 1908-09. December 22, 2013. http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(08)60821-1/fulltext

This journal was used to understand the main explanations behind the reasoning of Henriettas doctors. It gave insight to how her race was a large influential factor in the ability of white medical workers to dehumanize her by violating her rights. This journal was used to connect the Civil Rights movement to the violation of Henriettas rights.

Zielinski, Sarah. "Henrietta Lack Immortal Cells." Smithsonian magazine. January 22, 2010. http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/Henrietta-Lacks-Immortal-Cells.html The article provided an interview that gave background information on who Henrietta Lacks was, as well as why her cells are of importance, and why there has been much confusion over the years regarding these cells. The information was used to create an educated opinion on the cells with a Civil Rights movement outlook in mind.

Collins , Francis . "NIH Director's Blog." NIH Directors Blog. http://directorsblog.nih.gov/2013/08/07/hela-cells-a-new-chapter-in-an-enduringstory/#more-1902 (accessed December 20, 2013). This blog helped to provide information about current events and background knowledge related to The HeLa cells. The NIH helps to research new information every year. It relates to the theme by researching the rights involved. Overall this blog allows us to see a scientists view of these cells.

Skloot, Rebecca. "Rebecca Skloot Journalist, Teacher, Author of The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks." Rebecca Skloot. http://rebeccaskloot.com/ (accessed December 20, 2013). Rebecca Skloot's informative website allowed us an opportunity to get answers from Ms. Skloot herself. This allowed us a deeper insight to observe her motivations and research process. Her work researched the rights and responsibilities behind the HeLa project.

Skloot, Rebecca. The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks. New York: Crown Publishers, 2010. The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, by Rebecca Skloot, gave us important background knowledge. Skloot's immense interest in this topic helped to inspire and form our thesis. The book gave us quotes from Henrietta Lacks children and allowed for a first-hand account of their treatment.

Skloot, Rebecca. Rebecca Skloot. 2010. December 22, 2013. http://rebeccaskloot.com/the-immortal-life/teaching/ This source, provided interviews with Rebecca Skloot, that gave incite to the connections her book had with the Civil Rights Movement. It also provided further resources to research on Henrietta Lacks and her story.