Biodiesel production through the use of different sources in the UK Objectives

To study the technical and economical variables of biodiesel production in the UK To study the impact of increased use of biodiesel on the environment and the economy of the UK To the study the current trends, opportunities and challenges of biodiesel production

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Introduction
.iodiesel is an alternative fuel for conventional diesel that is made from natural plant oils, animal fats, and waste coo/ing oils! 0ecently, world has been confronted with an energy crisis due to fossil fuel depletion and environmental degradation! .iodiesel is one of the most promising alternative fuels to meet these problems! 1t is renewable, biodegradable, non to2ic and has almost very close property to that of diesel fuel and it can be produced form vegetable oil as well as animal fats! 3ils fats are basically triglycerides which are composed of three long4chain fatty acids! These oils triglycerides have higher viscosity and is therefore cannot be used as fuel! 1n order to reduce viscosity, triglycerides are converted into esters by transesterification reaction! .y this means, three smaller molecules of ester and one molecule of glycerin are obtained from one molecule of fat oil! 5lycerin is removed as by product and esters are /nown as biodiesel!

Literature review
6 lac/ of sustainable energy resources currently threatens the survival of an increasingly globalised world economy! 7ith our heavy dependence on limited fossil fuel resources, renewable alternatives must soon be developed which are able to compete with conventional energy options! "teady increases in the price of raw materials such as crude oil are forecast, due to rising demand from developing countries and escalating scarcity of reserves! 6lso, the increasing accumulation of 83' in the atmosphere and its impact on climate change has provided a significant driver for change! 6mid growing concern, global agreements to limit greenhouse gas emissions have been formed such as the Kyoto 9rotocol! :irectly resulting from such agreements, many developed countries have adopted ;cap4and4trade< carbon trading schemes in efforts to curb emissions! Thus projects which capture 83' and prevent it being released into the atmosphere will play a significant role in combating climate change! .iofuels such as biodiesel and ethanol have been proposed as possible alternative fuels! 8urrent biofuel production methods re=uire the increasing amounts of arable land which compete with terrestrial fuel crops, heightening concern over food affordability! 6lgae offer a uni=ue alternative as it does not compete with agricultural food production! This is due to the microalgae<s ability to generate a much higher oil content of up to &#> of the total dry weight of biomass, compared to only +> in the case of oil palm

Methodology
Economics of Biodiesel "urvey or interview ?et present value @?9AB analyses echnical and economic feasibilities Cconomic analysis 9rocess design 9lant capacity selection 9rocess parameters :esign assumptions 9rocess simulation Cconomic evaluation 8ost of manufacturing @83DB 8apital cost Utility cost Eabor cost 0aw material costs Total 83D 8omparison with conventional TC processes Environmental impact Cnvironmental assessment of sunflower biodiesel in the UK

Opportunities and challenges of Biodiesel Key drivers and challenges of biodiesel industry development "ecurity of energy supply Cnvironmental effects Food security, land use changes and water source

!onclusions" #eferences"

BIO$IE%EL %U#&E'
The purpose of the survey is to learn about the usage, challenges and costs of biodiesel and to create awareness about bio diesel in an organization. Please complete the questionnaire and email ( @gmail.com).

1. Does Your Facility Use Biodiesel? !es " #o

2. Reasons Your Facility Uses Biodiesel. (Check all that apply) $atisfy %&ecutive 'rder %nergy Policy (ct *arm +ill (gency -irection 'ther %nvironment $afety )ssues ,educe wear and tear on vehicle

3. Types of Biodiesel being used. (Check all that apply) +.// " 4. +0/ " +1/ " +0 " 'ther

sti!ated "nnual #olu!e of eac$ type. +.// +0/ +1/ +0 'ther Total

%. &$at applications are you using Biodiesel for? (Check all that apply) Truc2s (ircraft $upport %quipment $tationary 3enerators +oilers45eating 'ther '. "ppro(i!ate nu!ber of people in your organi)ation.

*. "ppro(i!ate nu!ber of +e$icles t$at use biodiesel.

,. &$ere do you purc$ase your biodiesel fro!? $ource .. $ource 1. $ource 6. -. .$ere do you t$in/ Biodiesel co!e fro!? (Check all that apply) 7aste 8egetable 'il (78')99999 $oybean oil9999999 8ariety4 others 999999999999 10. 1o. !uc$ do you pay for biodiesel? (Per gallon) (verage : 5igh : ;ow : 11. 1a+e you encountered proble!s fro! biodiesel usage? (If yes, please explain) !es " #o

12. Do you have a biodiesel success story you would like to share? !es " #o

#ame< Title< 'rganization< (gency< (ddress< =ity< Phone< %mail< $tate< >ip<

han( you for your cooperation)