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PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO.

442, AS AMENDED A DECREE INSTITUTING A LABOR CODE THEREBY REVISING AND CONSOLIDATING LABOR AND SOCIAL LAWS TO AFFORD PROTECTION TO LABOR, PROMOTE EMPLOYMENT AND HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT AND INSURE INDUSTRIAL PEACE BASED ON SOCIAL JUSTICE PRELIMINARY TITLE
Chapter I GENERAL PROVISIONS Chapter II EMANCIPATION OF TENANTS

BOOK ONE PRE-EMPLOYMENT


Title I RECRUITMENT AND PLACEMENT OF WORKERS Chapter I GENERAL PROVISIONS Chapter II REGULATION OF RECRUITMENT AND PLACEMENT ACTIVITIES Chapter III MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS Title II EMPLOYMENT OF NON-RESIDENT ALIENS

BOOK TWO HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM


Title I NATIONAL MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM Chapter I NATIONAL POLICIES AND ADMINISTRATIVE MACHINERY FOR THEIR IMPLEMENTATION Title II TRAINING AND EMPLOYMENT OF SPECIAL WORKERS Chapter I APPRENTICES Chapter II HANDICAPPED WORKERS

BOOK THREE CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT


Title I WORKING CONDITIONS AND REST PERIODS Chapter I HOURS OF WORK Chapter II WEEKLY REST PERIODS Chapter III HOLIDAYS, SERVICE INCENTIVE LEAVES AND SERVICE CHARGES Title II WAGES Chapter I PRELIMINARY MATTERS Chapter II MINIMUM WAGE RATES Chapter III PAYMENT OF WAGES Chapter IV PROHIBITIONS REGARDING WAGES Chapter V WAGE STUDIES, WAGE AGREEMENTS AND WAGE DETERMINATION Chapter VI ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT

Title III WORKING CONDITIONS FOR SPECIAL GROUPS OF EMPLOYEES Chapter I EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN Chapter II EMPLOYMENT OF MINORS Chapter III EMPLOYMENT OF HOUSEHELPERS Chapter IV EMPLOYMENT OF HOMEWORKERS

BOOK FOUR HEALTH, SAFETY AND SOCIAL WELFARE BENEFITS


Title I MEDICAL, DENTAL AND OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY Chapter I MEDICAL AND DENTAL SERVICES Chapter II OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY Title II EMPLOYEES COMPENSATION AND STATE INSURANCE FUND Chapter I POLICY AND DEFINITIONS Chapter II COVERAGE AND LIABILITY Chapter III ADMINISTRATION Chapter IV CONTRIBUTIONS Chapter V MEDICAL BENEFITS Chapter VI DISABILITY BENEFITS Chapter VII DEATH BENEFITS Chapter VIII PROVISIONS COMMON TO INCOME BENEFITS Chapter IX RECORDS, REPORTS AND PENAL PROVISIONS Title III MEDICARE Title IV ADULT EDUCATION

BOOK FIVE LABOR RELATIONS


Title I POLICY AND DEFINITIONS Chapter I POLICY Chapter II DEFINITIONS Title II NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION Chapter I CREATION AND COMPOSITION Chapter II POWERS AND DUTIES Chapter III APPEAL Title III BUREAU OF LABOR RELATIONS

Title IV LABOR ORGANIZATIONS Chapter I REGISTRATION AND CANCELLATION Chapter II RIGHTS AND CONDITIONS OF MEMBERSHIP Chapter III RIGHTS OF LEGITIMATE LABOR ORGANI ATIONS Title V COVERAGE Title VI UNFAIR LABOR PRACTICES Chapter I CONCEPT Chapter II UNFAIR LABOR PRACTICES OF EMPLOYERS Chapter III UNFAIR LABOR PRACTICES OF LABOR ORGANI ATIONS Title VII COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AND ADMINISTRATION OF AGREEMENTS Title VII-A GRIEVANCE MACHINERY AND VOLUNTARY ARBITRATION Title VIII STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS AND FOREIGN INVOLVEMENT IN TRADE UNION ACTIVITIES Chapter I STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS Chapter II ASSISTANCE TO LABOR ORGANI ATIONS Chapter III FOREIGN ACTIVITIES Chapter IV PENALTIES FOR VIOLATION Title I SPECIAL PROVISIONS

BOOK SIX POST EMPLOYMENT


Title I TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT Title II RETIREMENT FROM THE SERVICE

BOOK SEVEN TRANSITORY AND FINAL PROVISIONS


Title I PENAL PROVISIONS AND LIABILITIES Title II PRESCRIPTION OF OFFENSES AND CLAIMS

PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 442, AS AMENDED A DECREE INSTITUTING A LABOR CODE THEREBY REVISING AND CONSOLIDATING LABOR AND SOCIAL LAWS TO AFFORD PROTECTION TO LABOR, PROMOTE EMPLOYMENT AND HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT AND INSURE INDUSTRIAL PEACE BASED ON SOCIAL JUSTICE
PRELIMINARY TITLE Chapter I GENERAL PROVISIONS Art. . N!"# $% D#&r##. This Decree shall be known as the "Labor Code of the Philippines". Art. 2. D!t# $% #%%#&t'('t). This Code shall take effect six (6) months after its promul ation. Art. *. D#&+!r!t'$, $% -!.'& /$+'&). The !tate shall afford protection to labor" promote full emplo#ment" ensure e$ual work opportunities re ardless of sex" race or creed and re ulate the relations between workers and emplo#ers. The !tate shall assure the ri hts of workers to self%or ani&ation" collecti'e bar ainin " securit# of tenure" and (ust and humane conditions of work. Art. 4. C$,.tr0&t'$, ', %!($r $% +!-$r. )ll doubts in the implementation and interpretation of the pro'isions of this Code" includin its implementin rules and re ulations" shall be resol'ed in fa'or of labor. Art. 1. R0+#. !,2 r#30+!t'$,.. The Department of Labor and other o'ernment a encies char ed with the administration and enforcement of this Code or an# of its parts shall promul ate the necessar# implementin rules and re ulations. !uch rules and re ulations shall become effecti'e fifteen (*+) da#s after announcement of their adoption in newspapers of eneral circulation. Art. 4. A//+'&!-'+'t). )ll ri hts and benefits ranted to workers under this Code shall" except as ma# otherwise be pro'ided herein" appl# alike to all workers" whether a ricultural or non%a ricultural. !A" a#e$%e% &' Pre"(%e$t(a) De*ree N+, -./0A, N+1e#&er 2, 23.45 BOOK ONE PRE-EMPLOYMENT Art. 2. St!t#"#,t $% $-5#&t'(#.. ,t is the polic# of the !tateT+ pr+#+te a$% #a($ta($ a "tate +6 67)) e#p)+'#e$t thr+78h (#pr+1e% #a$p+9er tra($($8, a))+*at(+$ a$% 7t()(:at(+$; T+ pr+te*t e1er' *(t(:e$ %e"(r($8 t+ 9+r= )+*a))' +r +1er"ea" &' "e*7r($8 6+r h(# the &e"t p+""(&)e ter#" a$% *+$%(t(+$" +6 e#p)+'#e$t; T+ 6a*()(tate a 6ree *h+(*e +6 a1a()a&)e e#p)+'#e$t &' per"+$" "ee=($8 9+r= ($ *+$6+r#(t' 9(th the $at(+$a) ($tere"t; T+ 6a*()(tate a$% re87)ate the #+1e#e$t +6 9+r=er" ($ *+$6+r#(t' 9(th the $at(+$a) ($tere"t; T+ re87)ate the e#p)+'#e$t +6 a)(e$", ($*)7%($8 the e"ta&)("h#e$t +6 a re8("trat(+$ a$%?+r 9+r= per#(t "'"te#; T+ "tre$8the$ the $et9+r= +6 p7&)(* e#p)+'#e$t +66(*e" a$% rat(+$a)(:e the part(*(pat(+$ +6 the pr(1ate "e*t+r ($ the re*r7(t#e$t a$% p)a*e#e$t +6 9+r=er", )+*a))' a$% +1er"ea", t+ "er1e $at(+$a) %e1e)+p#e$t +&Ae*t(1e"; T+ ($"7re *are67) "e)e*t(+$ +6 F()(p($+ 9+r=er" 6+r +1er"ea" e#p)+'#e$t ($ +r%er t+ pr+te*t the 8++% $a#e +6 the Ph()(pp($e" a&r+a%, Title I RECRUITMENT AND PLACEMENT OF WORKERS Chapter I GENERAL PROVISIONS 2, <, Art. *. D#%','t'$,.. BW+r=erB #ea$" a$' #e#&er +6 the )a&+r 6+r*e, 9hether e#p)+'e% +r 7$e#p)+'e%, BRe*r7(t#e$t a$% p)a*e#e$tB re6er" t+ a$' a*t +6 *a$1a""($8, e$)("t($8, *+$tra*t($8, tra$"p+rt($8, 7t()(:($8, h(r($8 +r pr+*7r($8 9+r=er", a$% ($*)7%e" re6erra)", *+$tra*t "er1(*e", pr+#("($8 +r a%1ert("($8 6+r e#p)+'#e$t, )+*a))' +r a&r+a%, 9hether 6+r pr+6(t +r $+tC Pr+1(%e%, That a$' per"+$ +r e$t(t' 9h(*h, ($ a$' #a$$er, +66er" +r pr+#("e" 6+r a 6ee, e#p)+'#e$t t+ t9+ +r #+re per"+$" "ha)) &e %ee#e% e$8a8e% ($ re*r7(t#e$t a$% p)a*e#e$t, BPr(1ate 6ee0*har8($8 e#p)+'#e$t a8e$*'B #ea$" a$' per"+$ +r e$t(t' e$8a8e% ($ re*r7(t#e$t a$% p)a*e#e$t +6 9+r=er" 6+r a 6ee 9h(*h (" *har8e%, %(re*t)' +r ($%(re*t)', 6r+# the 9+r=er" +r e#p)+'er" +r &+th, BL(*e$"eB #ea$" a %+*7#e$t (""7e% &' the Depart#e$t +6 La&+r a7th+r(:($8 a per"+$ +r e$t(t' t+ +perate a pr(1ate e#p)+'#e$t a8e$*', BPr(1ate re*r7(t#e$t e$t(t'B #ea$" a$' per"+$ +r a""+*(at(+$ e$8a8e% ($ the re*r7(t#e$t a$% p)a*e#e$t +6 9+r=er", )+*a))' +r +1er"ea", 9(th+7t *har8($8, %(re*t)' +r ($%(re*t)', a$' 6ee 6r+# the 9+r=er" +r e#p)+'er", BA7th+r(t'B #ea$" a %+*7#e$t (""7e% &' the Depart#e$t +6 La&+r a7th+r(:($8 a per"+$ +r a""+*(at(+$ t+ e$8a8e ($ re*r7(t#e$t a$% p)a*e#e$t a*t(1(t(e" a" a pr(1ate re*r7(t#e$t e$t(t', Art. 4. E"/+$)"#,t /r$"$t'$,. The !ecretar# of Labor shall ha'e the power and authorit#T+ +r8a$(:e a$% e"ta&)("h $e9 e#p)+'#e$t +66(*e" ($ a%%(t(+$ t+ the eD("t($8 e#p)+'#e$t +66(*e" 7$%er the Depart#e$t +6 La&+r a" the $ee% ar("e"; T+ +r8a$(:e a$% e"ta&)("h a $at(+$9(%e A+& *)eara$*e a$% ($6+r#at(+$ "'"te# t+ ($6+r# app)(*a$t" re8("ter($8 9(th a part(*7)ar e#p)+'#e$t +66(*e +6 A+& +pp+rt7$(t(e" ($ +ther part" +6 the *+7$tr' a" 9e)) a" A+& +pp+rt7$(t(e" a&r+a%;

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T+ %e1e)+p a$% +r8a$(:e a pr+8ra# that 9()) 6a*()(tate +**7pat(+$a), ($%7"tr(a) a$% 8e+8raph(*a) #+&()(t' +6 )a&+r a$% pr+1(%e a""("ta$*e ($ the re)+*at(+$ +6 9+r=er" 6r+# +$e area t+ a$+ther; a$% T+ reE7(re a$' per"+$, e"ta&)("h#e$t, +r8a$(:at(+$ +r ($"t(t7t(+$ t+ "7&#(t "7*h e#p)+'#e$t ($6+r#at(+$ a" #a' &e pre"*r(&e% &' the Se*retar' +6 La&+r, Art. 4. Pr'(!t# r#&r0't"#,t. .xcept as pro'ided in Chapter ,, of this Title" no person or entit# other than the public emplo#ment offices" shall en a e in the recruitment and placement of workers. Art. 2 . F$r#'3, .#r('&# r$+# !,2 /!rt'&'/!t'$,. To pro'ide ample protection to /ilipino workers abroad" the labor attaches" the labor reportin officers dul# desi nated b# the !ecretar# of Labor and the Philippine diplomatic or consular officials concerned shall" e'en without prior instruction or ad'ice from the home office" exercise the power and dut#T+ pr+1(%e a)) F()(p($+ 9+r=er" 9(th($ the(r A7r("%(*t(+$ a""("ta$*e +$ a)) #atter" ar("($8 +7t +6 e#p)+'#e$t; T+ ($"7re that F()(p($+ 9+r=er" are $+t eDp)+(te% +r %("*r(#($ate% a8a($"t; T+ 1er(6' a$% *ert(6' a" reE7("(te t+ a7the$t(*at(+$ that the ter#" a$% *+$%(t(+$" +6 e#p)+'#e$t ($ *+$tra*t" ($1+)1($8 F()(p($+ 9+r=er" are ($ a**+r%a$*e 9(th the La&+r C+%e a$% r7)e" a$% re87)at(+$" +6 the O1er"ea" E#p)+'#e$t De1e)+p#e$t B+ar% a$% Nat(+$a) Sea#e$ B+ar%; T+ #a=e *+$t($7($8 "t7%(e" +r re"ear*he" a$% re*+##e$%at(+$" +$ the 1ar(+7" a"pe*t" +6 the e#p)+'#e$t #ar=et 9(th($ the(r A7r("%(*t(+$; T+ 8ather a$% a$a)':e ($6+r#at(+$ +$ the e#p)+'#e$t "(t7at(+$ a$% (t" pr+&a&)e tre$%", a$% t+ #a=e "7*h ($6+r#at(+$ a1a()a&)e; a$% T+ per6+r# "7*h +ther %7t(e" a" #a' &e reE7(re% +6 the# 6r+# t(#e t+ t(#e, Art. 2*. C$"/$.'t'$, $% t6# B$!r2.. The OEDB "ha)) &e *+#p+"e% +6 the Se*retar' +6 La&+r a$% E#p)+'#e$t a" Cha(r#a$, the U$%er"e*retar' +6 La&+r a" V(*e0Cha(r#a$, a$% a repre"e$tat(1e ea*h +6 the Depart#e$t +6 F+re(8$ A66a(r", the Depart#e$t +6 Nat(+$a) De6e$"e, the Ce$tra) Ba$=, the Depart#e$t +6 E%7*at(+$, C7)t7re a$% Sp+rt", the Nat(+$a) Ma$p+9er a$% Y+7th C+7$*(), the B7rea7 +6 E#p)+'#e$t Ser1(*e", a 9+r=er"F +r8a$(:at(+$ a$% a$ e#p)+'er"F +r8a$(:at(+$ a$% the EDe*7t(1e D(re*t+r +6 the OEDB a" #e#&er", The Nat(+$a) Sea#e$ B+ar% "ha)) &e *+#p+"e% +6 the Se*retar' +6 La&+r a$% E#p)+'#e$t a" Cha(r#a$, the U$%er"e*retar' +6 La&+r a" V(*e0Cha(r#a$, the C+##a$%a$t +6 the Ph()(pp($e C+a"t G7ar%, a$% a repre"e$tat(1e ea*h +6 the Depart#e$t +6 F+re(8$ A66a(r", the Depart#e$t +6 E%7*at(+$, C7)t7re a$% Sp+rt", the Ce$tra) Ba$=, the Mar(t(#e I$%7"tr' A7th+r(t', the B7rea7 +6 E#p)+'#e$t Ser1(*e", a $at(+$a) "h(pp($8 a""+*(at(+$ a$% the EDe*7t(1e D(re*t+r +6 the NSB a" #e#&er", The #e#&er" +6 the B+ar%" "ha)) re*e(1e a))+9a$*e" t+ &e %eter#($e% &' the B+ar% 9h(*h "ha)) $+t &e #+re tha$ P<,///,// per #+$th, The B+ar%" "ha)) &e atta*he% t+ the Depart#e$t +6 La&+r 6+r p+)(*' a$% pr+8ra# *++r%($at(+$, The' "ha)) ea*h &e a""("te% &' a Se*retar(at hea%e% &' a$ EDe*7t(1e D(re*t+r 9h+ "ha)) &e a F()(p($+ *(t(:e$ 9(th "766(*(e$t eDper(e$*e ($ #a$p+9er a%#($("trat(+$, ($*)7%($8 +1er"ea" e#p)+'#e$t a*t(1(t(e", The EDe*7t(1e D(re*t+r "ha)) &e app+($te% &' the Pre"(%e$t +6 the Ph()(pp($e" 7p+$ the re*+##e$%at(+$ +6 the Se*retar' +6 La&+r a$% "ha)) re*e(1e a$ a$$7a) "a)ar' a" 6(De% &' )a9, The Se*retar' +6 La&+r "ha)) app+($t the +ther #e#&er" +6 the Se*retar(at, The A7%(t+r Ge$era) "ha)) app+($t h(" repre"e$tat(1e t+ the B+ar%" t+ a7%(t the(r re"pe*t(1e a**+7$t" ($ a**+r%a$*e 9(th a7%(t($8 )a9" a$% pert($e$t r7)e" a$% re87)at(+$", Art. 24. B$!r2. t$ '..0# r0+#. !,2 &$++#&t %##.. The 0oards shall issue appropriate rules and re ulations to carr# out their functions. The# shall ha'e the power to impose and collect fees from emplo#ers concerned" which shall be deposited in the respecti'e accounts of said 0oards and be used b# them exclusi'el# to promote their ob(ecti'es. Chapter II REGULATION OF RECRUITMENT AND PLACEMENT ACTIVITIES Art. 21. Pr'(!t# .#&t$r /!rt'&'/!t'$, ', t6# r#&r0't"#,t !,2 /+!&#"#,t $% 7$r8#r.. Pursuant to national de'elopment ob(ecti'es and in order to harness and maximi&e the use of pri'ate sector resources and initiati'e in the de'elopment and implementation of a comprehensi'e emplo#ment pro ram" the pri'ate emplo#ment sector shall participate in the recruitment and placement of workers" locall# and o'erseas" under such uidelines" rules and re ulations as ma# be issued b# the !ecretar# of Labor. Art. 24. Tr!(#+ !3#,&'#. /r$6'-'t#2 t$ r#&r0't. Tra'el a encies and sales a encies of airline companies are prohibited from en a in in the business of recruitment and placement of workers for o'erseas emplo#ment whether for profit or not. Art. 29. N$,-tr!,.%#r!-'+'t) $% +'&#,.# $r !0t6$r't). 1o license or authorit# shall be used directl# or indirectl# b# an# person other than the one in whose fa'or it was issued or at an# place other than that stated in the license or authorit# be transferred" con'e#ed or assi ned to an# other person or entit#. )n# transfer of business address" appointment or desi nation of an# a ent or representati'e includin the establishment of additional offices an#where shall be sub(ect to the prior appro'al of the Department of Labor. Art. *:. R#3'.tr!t'$, %##.. The !ecretar# of Labor shall promul ate a schedule of fees for the re istration of all applicants for license or authorit#. Art. * . B$,2.. )ll applicants for license or authorit# shall post such cash and suret# bonds as determined b# the !ecretar# of Labor to uarantee compliance with prescribed recruitment procedures" rules and re ulations" and terms and conditions of emplo#ment as ma# be appropriate. Art. *2. F##. t$ -# /!'2 -) 7$r8#r.. )n# person appl#in with a pri'ate fee%char in emplo#ment a enc# for emplo#ment assistance shall not be char ed an# fee until he has obtained emplo#ment throu h its efforts or has

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actuall# commenced emplo#ment. !uch fee shall be alwa#s co'ered with the appropriate receipt clearl# showin the amount paid. The !ecretar# of Labor shall promul ate a schedule of allowable fees. Art. **. R#/$rt. $, #"/+$)"#,t .t!t0.. 2hene'er the public interest re$uires" the !ecretar# of Labor ma# direct all persons or entities within the co'era e of this Title to submit a report on the status of emplo#ment" includin (ob 'acancies" details of (ob re$uisitions" separation from (obs" wa es" other terms and conditions and other emplo#ment data. Art. *4. Pr$6'-'t#2 /r!&t'&#.. ,t shall be unlawful for an# indi'idual" entit#" licensee" or holder of authorit#T+ *har8e +r a**ept, %(re*t)' +r ($%(re*t)', a$' a#+7$t 8reater tha$ that "pe*(6(e% ($ the "*he%7)e +6 a))+9a&)e 6ee" pre"*r(&e% &' the Se*retar' +6 La&+r, +r t+ #a=e a 9+r=er pa' a$' a#+7$t 8reater tha$ that a*t7a))' re*e(1e% &' h(# a" a )+a$ +r a%1a$*e; <, T+ 67r$("h +r p7&)("h a$' 6a)"e $+t(*e +r ($6+r#at(+$ +r %+*7#e$t ($ re)at(+$ t+ re*r7(t#e$t +r e#p)+'#e$t; >, T+ 8(1e a$' 6a)"e $+t(*e, te"t(#+$', ($6+r#at(+$ +r %+*7#e$t +r *+##(t a$' a*t +6 #("repre"e$tat(+$ 6+r the p7rp+"e +6 "e*7r($8 a )(*e$"e +r a7th+r(t' 7$%er th(" C+%e, 4, T+ ($%7*e +r atte#pt t+ ($%7*e a 9+r=er a)rea%' e#p)+'e% t+ E7(t h(" e#p)+'#e$t ($ +r%er t+ +66er h(# t+ a$+ther 7$)e"" the tra$"6er (" %e"(8$e% t+ )(&erate the 9+r=er 6r+# +ppre""(1e ter#" a$% *+$%(t(+$" +6 e#p)+'#e$t; -, T+ ($6)7e$*e +r t+ atte#pt t+ ($6)7e$*e a$' per"+$ +r e$t(t' $+t t+ e#p)+' a$' 9+r=er 9h+ ha" $+t app)(e% 6+r e#p)+'#e$t thr+78h h(" a8e$*'; @, T+ e$8a8e ($ the re*r7(t#e$t +r p)a*e#e$t +6 9+r=er" ($ A+&" har#67) t+ p7&)(* hea)th +r #+ra)(t' +r t+ the %(8$(t' +6 the Rep7&)(* +6 the Ph()(pp($e"; ., T+ +&"tr7*t +r atte#pt t+ +&"tr7*t ($"pe*t(+$ &' the Se*retar' +6 La&+r +r &' h(" %7)' a7th+r(:e% repre"e$tat(1e"; G, T+ 6a() t+ 6()e rep+rt" +$ the "tat7" +6 e#p)+'#e$t, p)a*e#e$t 1a*a$*(e", re#(tta$*e +6 6+re(8$ eD*ha$8e ear$($8", "eparat(+$ 6r+# A+&", %epart7re" a$% "7*h +ther #atter" +r ($6+r#at(+$ a" #a' &e reE7(re% &' the Se*retar' +6 La&+r, 3, T+ "7&"t(t7te +r a)ter e#p)+'#e$t *+$tra*t" appr+1e% a$% 1er(6(e% &' the Depart#e$t +6 La&+r 6r+# the t(#e +6 a*t7a) "(8$($8 there+6 &' the part(e" 7p t+ a$% ($*)7%($8 the per(+%" +6 eDp(rat(+$ +6 the "a#e 9(th+7t the appr+1a) +6 the Se*retar' +6 La&+r; 2/, T+ &e*+#e a$ +66(*er +r #e#&er +6 the B+ar% +6 a$' *+rp+rat(+$ e$8a8e% ($ tra1e) a8e$*' +r t+ &e e$8a8e% %(re*t)' +r ($%(re*t)' ($ the #a$a8e#e$t +6 a tra1e) a8e$*'; a$% 22, T+ 9(thh+)% +r %e$' tra1e) %+*7#e$t" 6r+# app)(*a$t 9+r=er" &e6+re %epart7re 6+r #+$etar' +r 6($a$*(a) *+$"(%erat(+$" +ther tha$ th+"e a7th+r(:e% 7$%er th(" C+%e a$% (t" (#p)e#e$t($8 r7)e" a$% re87)at(+$", 2, Art. *1. S0./#,.'$, !,2;$r &!,&#++!t'$, $% +'&#,.# $r !0t6$r't). The 3inister of Labor shall ha'e the power to suspend or cancel an# license or authorit# to recruit emplo#ees for o'erseas emplo#ment for 'iolation of rules and re ulations issued b# the 3inistr# of Labor" the 4'erseas .mplo#ment De'elopment 0oard" or for 'iolation of the pro'isions of this and other applicable laws" 5eneral 4rders and Letters of ,nstructions. BOOK TWO HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM Title I NATIONAL MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM Chapter I NATIONAL POLICIES AND ADMINISTRATIVE MACHINERY FOR THEIR IMPLEMENTATION Art. 4*. St!t#"#,t $% $-5#&t'(#. ,t is the ob(ecti'e of this Title to de'elop human resources" establish trainin institutions" and formulate such plans and pro rams as will ensure efficient allocation" de'elopment and utili&ation of the nation6s manpower and thereb# promote emplo#ment and accelerate economic and social rowth. Art. 44. D#%','t'$,.. )s used in this TitleBMa$p+9erB "ha)) #ea$ that p+rt(+$ +6 the $at(+$F" p+p7)at(+$ 9h(*h ha" a*t7a) +r p+te$t(a) *apa&()(t' t+ *+$tr(&7te %(re*t)' t+ the pr+%7*t(+$ +6 8++%" a$% "er1(*e", BE$trepre$e7r"h(pB "ha)) #ea$ tra($($8 6+r "e)60e#p)+'#e$t +r a""("t($8 ($%(1(%7a) +r "#a)) ($%7"tr(e" 9(th($ the p7r1(e9 +6 th(" T(t)e, Title II TRAINING AND EMPLOYMENT OF SPECIAL WORKERS Chapter I APPRENTICES Art. 1<. St!t#"#,t $% $-5#&t'(#.. This Title aimsT+ he)p #eet the %e#a$% +6 the e*+$+#' 6+r tra($e% #a$p+9er; T+ e"ta&)("h a $at(+$a) appre$t(*e"h(p pr+8ra# thr+78h the part(*(pat(+$ +6 e#p)+'er", 9+r=er" a$% 8+1er$#e$t a$% $+$08+1er$#e$t a8e$*(e"; a$% T+ e"ta&)("h appre$t(*e"h(p "ta$%ar%" 6+r the pr+te*t(+$ +6 appre$t(*e", Art. 1=. D#%','t'$, $% T#r".. )s used in this TitleBAppre$t(*e"h(pB #ea$" pra*t(*a) tra($($8 +$ the A+& "7pp)e#e$te% &' re)ate% the+ret(*a) ($"tr7*t(+$, A$ Bappre$t(*eB (" a 9+r=er 9h+ (" *+1ere% &' a 9r(tte$ appre$t(*e"h(p a8ree#e$t 9(th a$ ($%(1(%7a) e#p)+'er +r a$' +6 the e$t(t(e" re*+8$(:e% 7$%er th(" Chapter, A$ Bappre$t(*ea&)e +**7pat(+$B #ea$" a$' tra%e, 6+r# +6 e#p)+'#e$t +r +**7pat(+$ 9h(*h reE7(re" #+re tha$ three !>5 #+$th" +6 pra*t(*a) tra($($8 +$ the A+& "7pp)e#e$te% &' re)ate% the+ret(*a) ($"tr7*t(+$, BAppre$t(*e"h(p a8ree#e$tB (" a$ e#p)+'#e$t *+$tra*t 9here($ the e#p)+'er &($%" h(#"e)6 t+ tra($ the appre$t(*e a$% the appre$t(*e ($ t7r$ a**ept" the ter#" +6 tra($($8,

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Chapter III HANDICAPPED WORKERS Art. <=. D#%','t'$,. 7andicapped workers are those whose earnin capacit# is impaired b# a e or ph#sical or mental deficienc# or in(ur#. BOOK THREE CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT Title I WORKING CONDITIONS AND REST PERIODS Chapter I HOURS OF WORK Art. =2. C$(#r!3#. The pro'isions of this Title shall appl# to emplo#ees in all establishments and undertakin s whether for profit or not" but not to o'ernment emplo#ees" mana erial emplo#ees" field personnel" members of the famil# of the emplo#er who are dependent on him for support" domestic helpers" persons in the personal ser'ice of another" and workers who are paid b# results as determined b# the !ecretar# of Labor in appropriate re ulations. )s used herein" "mana erial emplo#ees" refer to those whose primar# dut# consists of the mana ement of the establishment in which the# are emplo#ed or of a department or subdi'ision thereof" and to other officers or members of the mana erial staff. "/ield personnel" shall refer to non%a ricultural emplo#ees who re ularl# perform their duties awa# from the principal place of business or branch office of the emplo#er and whose actual hours of work in the field cannot be determined with reasonable certaint#. Art. =*. N$r"!+ 6$0r. $% 7$r8. The normal hours of work of an# emplo#ee shall not exceed ei ht (8) hours a da#. 7ealth personnel in cities and municipalities with a population of at least one million (*"999"999) or in hospitals and clinics with a bed capacit# of at least one hundred (*99) shall hold re ular office hours for ei ht (8) hours a da#" for fi'e (+) da#s a week" exclusi'e of time for meals" except where the exi encies of the ser'ice re$uire that such personnel work for six (6) da#s or fort#%ei ht (:8) hours" in which case" the# shall be entitled to an additional compensation of at least thirt# percent (;9<) of their re ular wa e for work on the sixth da#. /or purposes of this )rticle" "health personnel" shall include resident ph#sicians" nurses" nutritionists" dietitians" pharmacists" social workers" laborator# technicians" paramedical technicians" ps#cholo ists" midwi'es" attendants and all other hospital or clinic personnel. Art. =4. H$0r. 7$r8#2. 7ours worked shall include (a) all time durin which an emplo#ee is re$uired to be on dut# or to be at a prescribed workplace= and (b) all time durin which an emplo#ee is suffered or permitted to work. >est periods of short duration durin workin hours shall be counted as hours worked. Art. =1. M#!+ /#r'$2.. !ub(ect to such re ulations as the !ecretar# of Labor ma# prescribe" it shall be the dut# of e'er# emplo#er to i'e his emplo#ees not less than sixt# (69) minutes time%off for their re ular meals. Art. =4. N'36t .6'%t 2'%%#r#,t'!+. .'er# emplo#ee shall be paid a ni ht shift differential of not less than ten percent (*9<) of his re ular wa e for each hour of work performed between ten o6clock in the e'enin and six o6clock in the mornin . Art. =<. O(#rt'"# 7$r8. 2ork ma# be performed be#ond ei ht (8) hours a da# pro'ided that the emplo#ee is paid for the o'ertime work" an additional compensation e$ui'alent to his re ular wa e plus at least twent#%fi'e percent (?+<) thereof. 2ork performed be#ond ei ht hours on a holida# or rest da# shall be paid an additional compensation e$ui'alent to the rate of the first ei ht hours on a holida# or rest da# plus at least thirt# percent (;9<) thereof. Art. ==. U,2#rt'"# ,$t $%%.#t -) $(#rt'"#. @ndertime work on an# particular da# shall not be offset b# o'ertime work on an# other da#. Permission i'en to the emplo#ee to o on lea'e on some other da# of the week shall not exempt the emplo#er from pa#in the additional compensation re$uired in this Chapter. Art. =9. E"#r3#,&) $(#rt'"# 7$r8. )n# emplo#ee ma# be re$uired b# the emplo#er to perform o'ertime work in an# of the followin casesWhe$ the *+7$tr' (" at 9ar +r 9he$ a$' +ther $at(+$a) +r )+*a) e#er8e$*' ha" &ee$ %e*)are% &' the Nat(+$a) A""e#&)' +r the Ch(e6 EDe*7t(1e; Whe$ (t (" $e*e""ar' t+ pre1e$t )+"" +6 )(6e +r pr+pert' +r ($ *a"e +6 (##($e$t %a$8er t+ p7&)(* "a6et' %7e t+ a$ a*t7a) +r (#pe$%($8 e#er8e$*' ($ the )+*a)(t' *a7"e% &' "er(+7" a**(%e$t", 6(re, 6)++%, t'ph++$, earthE7a=e, ep(%e#(*, +r +ther %("a"ter +r *a)a#(t'; Whe$ there (" 7r8e$t 9+r= t+ &e per6+r#e% +$ #a*h($e", ($"ta))at(+$", +r eE7(p#e$t, ($ +r%er t+ a1+(% "er(+7" )+"" +r %a#a8e t+ the e#p)+'er +r "+#e +ther *a7"e +6 "(#()ar $at7re; Whe$ the 9+r= (" $e*e""ar' t+ pre1e$t )+"" +r %a#a8e t+ per("ha&)e 8++%"; a$% Where the *+#p)et(+$ +r *+$t($7at(+$ +6 the 9+r= "tarte% &e6+re the e(8hth h+7r (" $e*e""ar' t+ pre1e$t "er(+7" +&"tr7*t(+$ +r preA7%(*e t+ the &7"($e"" +r +perat(+$" +6 the e#p)+'er, )n# emplo#ee re$uired to render o'ertime work under this )rticle shall be paid the additional compensation re$uired in this Chapter. Art. 9:. C$"/0t!t'$, $% !22't'$,!+ &$"/#,.!t'$,. /or purposes of computin o'ertime and other additional remuneration as re$uired b# this Chapter" the "re ular wa e" of an emplo#ee shall include the cash wa e onl#" without deduction on account of facilities pro'ided b# the emplo#er. Chapter II WEEKLY REST PERIODS Art. 9 . R'36t t$ 7##8+) r#.t 2!).

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It "ha)) &e the %7t' +6 e1er' e#p)+'er, 9hether +perat($8 6+r pr+6(t +r $+t, t+ pr+1(%e ea*h +6 h(" e#p)+'ee" a re"t per(+% +6 $+t )e"" tha$ t9e$t'06+7r !<45 *+$"e*7t(1e h+7r" a6ter e1er' "(D !@5 *+$"e*7t(1e $+r#a) 9+r= %a'", The e#p)+'er "ha)) %eter#($e a$% "*he%7)e the 9ee=)' re"t %a' +6 h(" e#p)+'ee" "7&Ae*t t+ *+))e*t(1e &ar8a($($8 a8ree#e$t a$% t+ "7*h r7)e" a$% re87)at(+$" a" the Se*retar' +6 La&+r a$% E#p)+'#e$t #a' pr+1(%e, H+9e1er, the e#p)+'er "ha)) re"pe*t the pre6ere$*e +6 e#p)+'ee" a" t+ the(r 9ee=)' re"t %a' 9he$ "7*h pre6ere$*e (" &a"e% +$ re)(8(+7" 8r+7$%", Art. 92. W6#, #"/+$)#r "!) r#>0'r# 7$r8 $, ! r#.t 2!). The emplo#er ma# re$uire his emplo#ees to work on an# da#I$ *a"e +6 a*t7a) +r (#pe$%($8 e#er8e$*(e" *a7"e% &' "er(+7" a**(%e$t, 6(re, 6)++%, t'ph++$, earthE7a=e, ep(%e#(* +r +ther %("a"ter +r *a)a#(t' t+ pre1e$t )+"" +6 )(6e a$% pr+pert', +r (##($e$t %a$8er t+ p7&)(* "a6et'; I$ *a"e" +6 7r8e$t 9+r= t+ &e per6+r#e% +$ the #a*h($er', eE7(p#e$t, +r ($"ta))at(+$, t+ a1+(% "er(+7" )+"" 9h(*h the e#p)+'er 9+7)% +ther9("e "766er; I$ the e1e$t +6 a&$+r#a) pre""7re +6 9+r= %7e t+ "pe*(a) *(r*7#"ta$*e", 9here the e#p)+'er *a$$+t +r%($ar()' &e eDpe*te% t+ re"+rt t+ +ther #ea"7re"; T+ pre1e$t )+"" +r %a#a8e t+ per("ha&)e 8++%"; Where the $at7re +6 the 9+r= reE7(re" *+$t($7+7" +perat(+$" a$% the "t+ppa8e +6 9+r= #a' re"7)t ($ (rrepara&)e ($A7r' +r )+"" t+ the e#p)+'er; a$% U$%er +ther *(r*7#"ta$*e" a$a)+8+7" +r "(#()ar t+ the 6+re8+($8 a" %eter#($e% &' the Se*retar' +6 La&+r a$% E#p)+'#e$t, Art. 9*. C$"/#,.!t'$, %$r r#.t 2!), S0,2!) $r 6$+'2!) 7$r8. Where a$ e#p)+'ee (" #a%e +r per#(tte% t+ 9+r= +$ h(" "*he%7)e% re"t %a', he "ha)) &e pa(% a$ a%%(t(+$a) *+#pe$"at(+$ +6 at )ea"t th(rt' per*e$t !>/H5 +6 h(" re87)ar 9a8e, A$ e#p)+'ee "ha)) &e e$t(t)e% t+ "7*h a%%(t(+$a) *+#pe$"at(+$ 6+r 9+r= per6+r#e% +$ S7$%a' +$)' 9he$ (t (" h(" e"ta&)("he% re"t %a', Whe$ the $at7re +6 the 9+r= +6 the e#p)+'ee (" "7*h that he ha" $+ re87)ar 9+r=%a'" a$% $+ re87)ar re"t %a'" *a$ &e "*he%7)e%, he "ha)) &e pa(% a$ a%%(t(+$a) *+#pe$"at(+$ +6 at )ea"t th(rt' per*e$t !>/H5 +6 h(" re87)ar 9a8e 6+r 9+r= per6+r#e% +$ S7$%a'" a$% h+)(%a'", W+r= per6+r#e% +$ a$' "pe*(a) h+)(%a' "ha)) &e pa(% a$ a%%(t(+$a) *+#pe$"at(+$ +6 at )ea"t th(rt' per*e$t !>/H5 +6 the re87)ar 9a8e +6 the e#p)+'ee, Where "7*h h+)(%a' 9+r= 6a))" +$ the e#p)+'eeF" "*he%7)e% re"t %a', he "ha)) &e e$t(t)e% t+ a$ a%%(t(+$a) *+#pe$"at(+$ +6 at )ea"t 6(6t' per *e$t !-/H5 +6 h(" re87)ar 9a8e, Where the *+))e*t(1e &ar8a($($8 a8ree#e$t +r +ther app)(*a&)e e#p)+'#e$t *+$tra*t "t(p7)ate" the pa'#e$t +6 a h(8her pre#(7# pa' tha$ that pre"*r(&e% 7$%er th(" Art(*)e, the e#p)+'er "ha)) pa' "7*h h(8her rate, Chapter III HOLIDAYS, SERVICE INCENTIVE LEAVES AND SERVICE CHARGES Art. 94. R'36t t$ 6$+'2!) /!). E1er' 9+r=er "ha)) &e pa(% h(" re87)ar %a()' 9a8e %7r($8 re87)ar h+)(%a'", eD*ept ($ reta() a$% "er1(*e e"ta&)("h#e$t" re87)ar)' e#p)+'($8 )e"" tha$ te$ !2/5 9+r=er"; The e#p)+'er #a' reE7(re a$ e#p)+'ee t+ 9+r= +$ a$' h+)(%a' &7t "7*h e#p)+'ee "ha)) &e pa(% a *+#pe$"at(+$ eE7(1a)e$t t+ t9(*e h(" re87)ar rate; a$% A" 7"e% ($ th(" Art(*)e, Bh+)(%a'B ($*)7%e"C Ne9 YearF" Da', Ma7$%' Th7r"%a', G++% Fr(%a', the $($th +6 Apr(), the 6(r"t +6 Ma', the t9e)6th +6 I7$e, the 6+7rth +6 I7)', the th(rt(eth +6 N+1e#&er, the t9e$t'06(6th a$% th(rt(eth +6 De*e#&er a$% the %a' %e"(8$ate% &' )a9 6+r h+)%($8 a 8e$era) e)e*t(+$, Art. 91. R'36t t$ .#r('&# ',&#,t'(# +#!(#. E1er' e#p)+'ee 9h+ ha" re$%ere% at )ea"t +$e 'ear +6 "er1(*e "ha)) &e e$t(t)e% t+ a 'ear)' "er1(*e ($*e$t(1e )ea1e +6 6(1e %a'" 9(th pa', Th(" pr+1("(+$ "ha)) $+t app)' t+ th+"e 9h+ are a)rea%' e$A+'($8 the &e$e6(t here($ pr+1(%e%, th+"e e$A+'($8 1a*at(+$ )ea1e 9(th pa' +6 at )ea"t 6(1e %a'" a$% th+"e e#p)+'e% ($ e"ta&)("h#e$t" re87)ar)' e#p)+'($8 )e"" tha$ te$ e#p)+'ee" +r ($ e"ta&)("h#e$t" eDe#pte% 6r+# 8ra$t($8 th(" &e$e6(t &' the Se*retar' +6 La&+r a$% E#p)+'#e$t a6ter *+$"(%er($8 the 1(a&()(t' +r 6($a$*(a) *+$%(t(+$ +6 "7*h e"ta&)("h#e$t, The 8ra$t +6 &e$e6(t ($ eD*e"" +6 that pr+1(%e% here($ "ha)) $+t &e #a%e a "7&Ae*t +6 ar&(trat(+$ +r a$' *+7rt +r a%#($("trat(1e a*t(+$, Art. 94. S#r('&# &6!r3#.. )ll ser'ice char es collected b# hotels" restaurants and similar establishments shall be distributed at the rate of ei ht#%fi'e percent (8+<) for all co'ered emplo#ees and fifteen percent (*+<) for mana ement. The share of the emplo#ees shall be e$uall# distributed amon them. ,n case the ser'ice char e is abolished" the share of the co'ered emplo#ees shall be considered inte rated in their wa es. T't+# II WAGES Chapter I PRELIMINARY MATTERS

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BE#p)+'eeB ($*)7%e" a$' ($%(1(%7a) e#p)+'e% &' a$ e#p)+'er, BA8r(*7)t7reB ($*)7%e" 6ar#($8 ($ a)) (t" &ra$*he" a$%, a#+$8 +ther th($8", ($*)7%e" *7)t(1at(+$ a$% t())a8e +6 "+(), %a(r'($8, the pr+%7*t(+$, *7)t(1at(+$, 8r+9($8 a$% har1e"t($8 +6 a$' a8r(*7)t7ra) a$% h+rt(*7)t7ra) *+##+%(t(e", the ra("($8 +6 )(1e"t+*= +r p+7)tr', a$% a$' pra*t(*e" per6+r#e% &' a 6ar#er +$ a 6ar# a" a$ ($*(%e$t t+ +r ($ *+$A7$*t(+$ 9(th "7*h 6ar#($8 +perat(+$", &7t %+e" $+t ($*)7%e the #a$76a*t7r($8 +r pr+*e""($8 +6 "78ar, *+*+$7t", a&a*a, t+&a**+, p($eapp)e" +r +ther 6ar# pr+%7*t", BE#p)+'B ($*)7%e" t+ "766er +r per#(t t+ 9+r=, BWa8eB pa(% t+ a$' e#p)+'ee "ha)) #ea$ the re#7$erat(+$ +r ear$($8", h+9e1er %e"(8$ate%, *apa&)e +6 &e($8 eDpre""e% ($ ter#" +6 #+$e', 9hether 6(De% +r a"*erta($e% +$ a t(#e, ta"=, p(e*e, +r *+##(""(+$ &a"(", +r +ther #eth+% +6 *a)*7)at($8 the "a#e, 9h(*h (" pa'a&)e &' a$ e#p)+'er t+ a$ e#p)+'ee 7$%er a 9r(tte$ +r 7$9r(tte$ *+$tra*t +6 e#p)+'#e$t 6+r 9+r= %+$e +r t+ &e %+$e, +r 6+r "er1(*e" re$%ere% +r t+ &e re$%ere% a$% ($*)7%e" the 6a(r a$% rea"+$a&)e 1a)7e, a" %eter#($e% &' the Se*retar' +6 La&+r a$% E#p)+'#e$t, +6 &+ar%, )+%8($8, +r +ther 6a*()(t(e" *7"t+#ar()' 67r$("he% &' the e#p)+'er t+ the e#p)+'ee, BFa(r a$% rea"+$a&)e 1a)7eB "ha)) $+t ($*)7%e a$' pr+6(t t+ the e#p)+'er, +r t+ a$' per"+$ a66()(ate% 9(th the e#p)+'er, Art. 9=. A//+'&!t'$, $% T't+#. This Title shall not appl# to farm tenanc# or leasehold" domestic ser'ice and persons workin in their respecti'e homes in needle work or in an# cotta e industr# dul# re istered in accordance with law. Chapter II MINIMUM WAGE RATES Art. 99. R#3'$,!+ "','"0" 7!3#.. The minimum wa e rates for a ricultural and non%a ricultural emplo#ees and workers in each and e'er# re ion of the countr# shall be those prescribed b# the >e ional Tripartite 2a es and Producti'it# 0oards. ()s amended b# !ection ;" >epublic )ct 1o. 6A?A" Bune C" *C8C). Art. ::. Pr$6'-'t'$, !3!',.t #+'"',!t'$, $r 2'"',0t'$, $% -#,#%'t.. 1othin in this 0ook shall be construed to eliminate or in an# wa# diminish supplements" or other emplo#ee benefits bein en(o#ed at the time of promul ation of this Code.

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Art. : . P!)"#,t -) r#.0+t.. The Se*retar' +6 La&+r a$% E#p)+'#e$t "ha)) re87)ate the pa'#e$t +6 9a8e" &' re"7)t", ($*)7%($8 pa='a+, p(e*e9+r=, a$% +ther $+$0t(#e 9+r=, ($ +r%er t+ e$"7re the pa'#e$t +6 6a(r a$% rea"+$a&)e 9a8e rate", pre6era&)' thr+78h t(#e a$% #+t(+$ "t7%(e" +r ($ *+$"7)tat(+$ 9(th repre"e$tat(1e" +6 9+r=er"F a$% e#p)+'er"F +r8a$(:at(+$", Chapter III PAYMENT OF WAGES Art. :2. F$r". $% /!)"#,t. 1o emplo#er shall pa# the wa es of an emplo#ee b# means of promissor# notes" 'ouchers" coupons" tokens" tickets" chits" or an# ob(ect other than le al tender" e'en when expressl# re$uested b# the emplo#ee. Pa#ment of wa es b# check or mone# order shall be allowed when such manner of pa#ment is customar# on the date of effecti'it# of this Code" or is necessar# because of special circumstances as specified in appropriate re ulations to be issued b# the !ecretar# of Labor and .mplo#ment or as stipulated in a collecti'e bar ainin a reement. Art. :*. T'"# $% /!)"#,t. 2a es shall be paid at least once e'er# two (?) weeks or twice a month at inter'als not exceedin sixteen (*6) da#s. ,f on account of force ma(eure or circumstances be#ond the emplo#er6s control" pa#ment of wa es on or within the time herein pro'ided cannot be made" the emplo#er shall pa# the wa es immediatel# after such force ma(eure or circumstances ha'e ceased. 1o emplo#er shall make pa#ment with less fre$uenc# than once a month. The pa#ment of wa es of emplo#ees en a ed to perform a task which cannot be completed in two (?) weeks shall be sub(ect to the followin conditions" in the absence of a collecti'e bar ainin a reement or arbitration awardThat pa'#e$t" are #a%e at ($ter1a)" $+t eD*ee%($8 "(Dtee$ !2@5 %a'", ($ pr+p+rt(+$ t+ the a#+7$t +6 9+r= *+#p)ete%; That 6($a) "ett)e#e$t (" #a%e 7p+$ *+#p)et(+$ +6 the 9+r=, Art. :4. P+!&# $% /!)"#,t. Pa#ment of wa es shall be made at or near the place of undertakin " except as otherwise pro'ided b# such re ulations as the !ecretar# of Labor and .mplo#ment ma# prescribe under conditions to ensure reater protection of wa es. Art. :1. D'r#&t /!)"#,t $% 7!3#.. 2a es shall be paid directl# to the workers to whom the# are due" exceptArt. :4. C$,tr!&t$r $r .0-&$,tr!&t$r. 2hene'er an emplo#er enters into a contract with another person for the performance of the former6s work" the emplo#ees of the contractor and of the latter6s subcontractor" if an#" shall be paid in accordance with the pro'isions of this Code. Art. :<. I,2'r#&t #"/+$)#r. The pro'isions of the immediatel# precedin article shall likewise appl# to an# person" partnership" association or corporation which" not bein an emplo#er" contracts with an independent contractor for the performance of an# work" task" (ob or pro(ect. Art. :=. P$.t',3 $% -$,2. )n emplo#er or indirect emplo#er ma# re$uire the contractor or subcontractor to furnish a bond e$ual to the cost of labor under contract" on condition that the bond will answer for the wa es due the emplo#ees should the contractor or subcontractor" as the case ma# be" fail to pa# the same. Art. :9. S$+'2!r) +'!-'+'t). The pro'isions of existin laws to the contrar# notwithstandin " e'er# emplo#er or indirect emplo#er shall be held responsible with his contractor or subcontractor for an# 'iolation of an# pro'ision of this Code.

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/or purposes of determinin the extent of their ci'il liabilit# under this Chapter" the# shall be considered as direct emplo#ers. Art. :. W$r8#r /r#%#r#,&# ', &!.# $% -!,8r0/t&). ,n the e'ent of bankruptc# or li$uidation of an emplo#er6s business" his workers shall en(o# first preference as re ards their wa es and other monetar# claims" an# pro'isions of law to the contrar# notwithstandin . !uch unpaid wa es and monetar# claims shall be paid in full before claims of the o'ernment and other creditors ma# be paid. !A" a#e$%e% &' Se*t(+$ 2, Rep7&)(* A*t N+, @.2-, Mar*h <2, 23G35 Art. 2, <, . Att$r,#)?. %##.. I$ *a"e" +6 7$)a967) 9(thh+)%($8 +6 9a8e", the *7)pa&)e part' #a' &e a""e""e% att+r$e'F" 6ee" eE7(1a)e$t t+ te$ per*e$t +6 the a#+7$t +6 9a8e" re*+1ere%, It "ha)) &e 7$)a967) 6+r a$' per"+$ t+ %e#a$% +r a**ept, ($ a$' A7%(*(a) +r a%#($("trat(1e pr+*ee%($8" 6+r the re*+1er' +6 9a8e", att+r$e'F" 6ee" 9h(*h eD*ee% te$ per*e$t +6 the a#+7$t +6 9a8e" re*+1ere%,

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BOOK FOUR HEALTH, SAFETY AND SOCIAL WELFARE BENEFITS T't+# I MEDICAL, DENTAL AND OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY C6!/t#r I MEDICAL AND DENTAL SERVICES Art. 14. F'r.t-!'2 tr#!t"#,t. .'er# emplo#er shall keep in his establishment such first%aid medicines and e$uipment as the nature and conditions of work ma# re$uire" in accordance with such re ulations as the Department of Labor and .mplo#ment shall prescribe. The emplo#er shall take steps for the trainin of a sufficient number of emplo#ees in first%aid treatment. Art. 1<. E"#r3#,&) "#2'&!+ !,2 2#,t!+ .#r('&#.. ,t shall be the dut# of e'er# emplo#er to furnish his emplo#ees in an# localit# with free medical and dental attendance and facilities consistin ofThe "er1(*e" +6 a 67))0t(#e re8("tere% $7r"e 9he$ the $7#&er +6 e#p)+'ee" eD*ee%" 6(6t' !-/5 &7t $+t #+re tha$ t9+ h7$%re% !<//5 eD*ept 9he$ the e#p)+'er %+e" $+t #a($ta($ ha:ar%+7" 9+r=p)a*e", ($ 9h(*h *a"e, the "er1(*e" +6 a 8ra%7ate 6(r"t0a(%er "ha)) &e pr+1(%e% 6+r the pr+te*t(+$ +6 9+r=er", 9here $+ re8("tere% $7r"e (" a1a()a&)e, The Se*retar' +6 La&+r a$% E#p)+'#e$t "ha)) pr+1(%e &' appr+pr(ate re87)at(+$", the "er1(*e" that "ha)) &e reE7(re% 9here the $7#&er +6 e#p)+'ee" %+e" $+t eD*ee% 6(6t' !-/5 a$% "ha)) %eter#($e &' appr+pr(ate +r%er, ha:ar%+7" 9+r=p)a*e" 6+r p7rp+"e" +6 th(" Art(*)e; The "er1(*e" +6 a 67))0t(#e re8("tere% $7r"e, a part0t(#e ph'"(*(a$ a$% %e$t("t, a$% a$ e#er8e$*' *)($(*, 9he$ the $7#&er +6 e#p)+'ee" eD*ee%" t9+ h7$%re% !<//5 &7t $+t #+re tha$ three h7$%re% !>//5; a$% The "er1(*e" +6 a 67))0t(#e ph'"(*(a$, %e$t("t a$% a 67))0t(#e re8("tere% $7r"e a" 9e)) a" a %e$ta) *)($(* a$% a$ ($6(r#ar' +r e#er8e$*' h+"p(ta) 9(th +$e &e% *apa*(t' 6+r e1er' +$e h7$%re% !2//5 e#p)+'ee" 9he$ the $7#&er +6 e#p)+'ee" eD*ee%" three h7$%re% !>//5, Art. 1=. W6#, #"#r3#,&) 6$./'t!+ ,$t r#>0'r#2. The re$uirement for an emer enc# hospital or dental clinic shall not be applicable in case there is a hospital or dental clinic which is accessible from the emplo#er6s establishment and he makes arran ement for the reser'ation therein of the necessar# beds and dental facilities for the use of his emplo#ees. Art. 19. H#!+t6 /r$3r!". The ph#sician en a ed b# an emplo#er shall" in addition to his duties under this Chapter" de'elop and implement a comprehensi'e occupational health pro ram for the benefit of the emplo#ees of his emplo#er. Art. 4:. @0!+'%'&!t'$,. $% 6#!+t6 /#r.$,,#+. The ph#sicians" dentists and nurses emplo#ed b# emplo#ers pursuant to this Chapter shall ha'e the necessar# trainin in industrial medicine and occupational safet# and health. The !ecretar# of Labor and .mplo#ment" in consultation with industrial" medical" and occupational safet# and health associations" shall establish the $ualifications" criteria and conditions of emplo#ment of such health personnel. Art. 4 . A..'.t!,&# $% #"/+$)#r. ,t shall be the dut# of an# emplo#er to pro'ide all the necessar# assistance to ensure the ade$uate and immediate medical and dental attendance and treatment to an in(ured or sick emplo#ee in case of emer enc#. Chapter II OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY Art. 42. S!%#t) !,2 6#!+t6 .t!,2!r2.. The !ecretar# of Labor and .mplo#ment shall" b# appropriate orders" set and enforce mandator# occupational safet# and health standards to eliminate or reduce occupational safet# and health ha&ards in all workplaces and institute new" and update existin " pro rams to ensure safe and healthful workin conditions in all places of emplo#ment. Art. 44. Tr!',',3 /r$3r!".. The Department of Labor and .mplo#ment shall de'elop and implement trainin pro rams to increase the number and competence of personnel in the field of occupational safet# and industrial health. Title II EMPLOYEES COMPENSATION AND STATE INSURANCE FUND Chapter I POLICY AND DEFINITIONS

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Art. 44. P$+'&). The !tate shall promote and de'elop a tax%exempt emplo#ees6 compensation pro ram whereb# emplo#ees and their dependents" in the e'ent of work%connected disabilit# or death" ma# promptl# secure ade$uate income benefit and medical related benefits. Art. 4<. D#%','t'$, $% t#r".. )s used in this Title" unless the context indicates otherwiseBC+%eB #ea$" the La&+r C+%e +6 the Ph()(pp($e" ($"t(t7te% 7$%er Pre"(%e$t(a) De*ree N7#&ere% 6+7r h7$%re% 6+rt'0t9+, a" a#e$%e%, BC+##(""(+$B #ea$" the E#p)+'ee"F C+#pe$"at(+$ C+##(""(+$ *reate% 7$%er th(" T(t)e, BSSSB #ea$" the S+*(a) Se*7r(t' S'"te# *reate% 7$%er Rep7&)(* A*t N7#&ere% E)e1e$ h7$%re% "(Dt'0+$e, a" a#e$%e%, BGSISB #ea$" the G+1er$#e$t Ser1(*e I$"7ra$*e S'"te# *reate% 7$%er C+##+$9ea)th A*t N7#&ere% O$e h7$%re% e(8ht'0"(D, a" a#e$%e%, BS'"te#B #ea$" the SSS +r GSIS, a" the *a"e #a' &e, BE#p)+'erB #ea$" a$' per"+$, $at7ra) +r A7r(%(*a), e#p)+'($8 the "er1(*e" +6 the e#p)+'ee, BE#p)+'eeB #ea$" a$' per"+$ *+#p7)"+r()' *+1ere% &' the GSIS 7$%er C+##+$9ea)th A*t N7#&ere% O$e h7$%re% e(8ht'0"(D, a" a#e$%e%, ($*)7%($8 the #e#&er" +6 the Ar#e% F+r*e" +6 the Ph()(pp($e", a$% a$' per"+$ e#p)+'e% a" *a"7a), e#er8e$*', te#p+rar', "7&"t(t7te +r *+$tra*t7a), +r a$' per"+$ *+#p7)"+r()' *+1ere% &' the SSS 7$%er Rep7&)(* A*t N7#&ere% E)e1e$ h7$%re% "(Dt'0+$e, a" a#e$%e%, BPer"+$B #ea$" a$' ($%(1(%7a), part$er"h(p, 6(r#, a""+*(at(+$, tr7"t, *+rp+rat(+$ +r )e8a) repre"e$tat(1e there+6, BDepe$%e$tB #ea$" the )e8(t(#ate, )e8(t(#ate% +r )e8a))' a%+pte% +r a*=$+9)e%8e% $at7ra) *h()% 9h+ (" 7$#arr(e%, $+t 8a($67))' e#p)+'e%, a$% $+t +1er t9e$t'0+$e !<25 'ear" +6 a8e +r +1er t9e$t'0+$e !<25 'ear" +6 a8e pr+1(%e% he (" ($*apa*(tate% a$% ($*apa&)e +6 "e)60"7pp+rt %7e t+ a ph'"(*a) +r #e$ta) %e6e*t 9h(*h (" *+$8e$(ta) +r a*E7(re% %7r($8 #($+r(t'; the )e8(t(#ate "p+7"e )(1($8 9(th the e#p)+'ee a$% the pare$t" +6 "a(% e#p)+'ee 9h+))' %epe$%e$t 7p+$ h(# 6+r re87)ar "7pp+rt, BBe$e6(*(ar(e"B #ea$" the %epe$%e$t "p+7"e 7$t() he?"he re#arr(e" a$% %epe$%e$t *h()%re$, 9h+ are the pr(#ar' &e$e6(*(ar(e", I$ the(r a&"e$*e, the %epe$%e$t pare$t" a$% "7&Ae*t t+ the re"tr(*t(+$" (#p+"e% +$ %epe$%e$t *h()%re$, the ())e8(t(#ate *h()%re$ a$% )e8(t(#ate %e"*e$%a$t", 9h+ are the "e*+$%ar' &e$e6(*(ar(e"C Pr+1(%e%, That the %epe$%e$t a*=$+9)e%8e% $at7ra) *h()% "ha)) &e *+$"(%ere% a" a pr(#ar' &e$e6(*(ar' 9he$ there are $+ +ther %epe$%e$t *h()%re$ 9h+ are E7a)(6(e% a$% e)(8(&)e 6+r #+$th)' ($*+#e &e$e6(t, BI$A7r'B #ea$" a$' har#67) *ha$8e ($ the h7#a$ +r8a$("# 6r+# a$' a**(%e$t ar("($8 +7t +6 a$% ($ the *+7r"e +6 the e#p)+'#e$t, BS(*=$e""B #ea$" a$' ())$e"" %e6($(te)' a**epte% a" a$ +**7pat(+$a) %("ea"e )("te% &' the C+##(""(+$, +r a$' ())$e"" *a7"e% &' e#p)+'#e$t "7&Ae*t t+ pr++6 that the r("= +6 *+$tra*t($8 the "a#e (" ($*rea"e% &' 9+r=($8 *+$%(t(+$", F+r th(" p7rp+"e, the C+##(""(+$ (" e#p+9ere% t+ %eter#($e a$% appr+1e +**7pat(+$a) %("ea"e" a$% 9+r=0re)ate% ())$e""e" that #a' &e *+$"(%ere% *+#pe$"a&)e &a"e% +$ pe*7)(ar ha:ar%" +6 e#p)+'#e$t, BDeathB #ea$" )+"" +6 )(6e re"7)t($8 6r+# ($A7r' +r "(*=$e"", BD("a&()(t'B #ea$" )+"" +r (#pa(r#e$t +6 a ph'"(*a) +r #e$ta) 67$*t(+$ re"7)t($8 6r+# ($A7r' +r "(*=$e"", BC+#pe$"at(+$B #ea$" a)) pa'#e$t" #a%e 7$%er th(" T(t)e 6+r ($*+#e &e$e6(t" a$% #e%(*a) +r re)ate% &e$e6(t", BI$*+#e &e$e6(tB #ea$" a)) pa'#e$t" #a%e 7$%er th(" T(t)e t+ the pr+1(%er" +6 #e%(*a) *are, reha&()(tat(+$ "er1(*e" a$% h+"p(ta) *are, BMe%(*a) &e$e6(tB #ea$" a)) pa'#e$t" #a%e 7$%er th(" T(t)e t+ the pr+1(%er" +6 #e%(*a) *are, reha&()(tat(+$ "er1(*e" a$% h+"p(ta) *are, BRe)ate% &e$e6(tB #ea$" a)) pa'#e$t" #a%e 7$%er th(" T(t)e 6+r app)(a$*e" a$% "7pp)(e", BApp)(a$*e"B #ea$" *r7t*he", art(6(*(a) a(%" a$% +ther "(#()ar %e1(*e", BS7pp)(e"B #ea$" #e%(*($e a$% +ther #e%(*a), %e$ta) +r "7r8(*a) (te#", BH+"p(ta)B #ea$" a$' #e%(*a) 6a*()(t', 8+1er$#e$t +r pr(1ate, a7th+r(:e% &' )a9, a$ a*t(1e #e#&er ($ 8++% "ta$%($8 +6 the Ph()(pp($e H+"p(ta) A""+*(at(+$ a$% a**re%(te% &' the C+##(""(+$, BPh'"(*(a$B #ea$" a$' %+*t+r +6 #e%(*($e %7)' )(*e$"e% t+ pra*t(*e ($ the Ph()(pp($e", a$ a*t(1e #e#&er ($ 8++% "ta$%($8 +6 the Ph()(pp($e Me%(*a) A""+*(at(+$ a$% a**re%(te% &' the C+##(""(+$, BWa8e"B +r BSa)ar'B, ($"+6ar a" the' re6er t+ the *+#p7tat(+$ +6 &e$e6(t" %e6($e% ($ Rep7&)(* A*t N+, 22@2, a" a#e$%e%, 6+r SSS a$% Pre"(%e$t(a) De*ree N+, 224@, a" a#e$%e%, 6+r GSIS, re"pe*t(1e)', eD*ept that part ($ eD*e"" +6 Three Th+7"a$% Pe"+", BM+$th)' "a)ar' *re%(tB #ea$" the 9a8e +r "a)ar' &a"e 6+r *+$tr(&7t(+$" a" pr+1(%e% ($ Rep7&)(* A*t N7#&ere% E)e1e$ h7$%re% "(Dt'0+$e, a" a#e$%e%, +r the 9a8e" +r "a)ar', BA1era8e #+$th)' "a)ar' *re%(tB ($ the *a"e +6 the SSS #ea$" the re"7)t +&ta($e% &' %(1(%($8 the "7# +6 the #+$th)' "a)ar' *re%(t" ($ the "(Dt'0#+$th per(+% (##e%(ate)' 6+))+9($8 the "e#e"ter +6 %eath +r per#a$e$t %("a&()(t' &' "(Dt' !@/5, eD*ept 9here the #+$th +6 %eath +r per#a$e$t %("a&()(t' 6a))" 9(th($ e(8htee$ !2G5 *a)e$%ar #+$th" 6r+# the #+$th +6 *+1era8e, ($ 9h(*h *a"e, (t (" the re"7)t +&ta($e% &' %(1(%($8 the "7# +6 a)) #+$th)' "a)ar' *re%(t" pa(% pr(+r t+ the #+$th +6 *+$t($8e$*' &' the t+ta) $7#&er +6 *a)e$%ar #+$th" +6 *+1era8e ($ the "a#e per(+%, BA1era8e %a()' "a)ar' *re%(tB ($ the *a"e +6 the SSS #ea$" the re"7)t +&ta($e% &' %(1(%($8 the "7# +6 the "(D !@5 h(8he"t #+$th)' "a)ar' *re%(t" ($ the t9e)1e0#+$th per(+% (##e%(ate)' pre*e%($8 the "e#e"ter +6 "(*=$e"" +r ($A7r' &' +$e h7$%re% e(8ht' !2G/5, eD*ept 9here the #+$th +6 ($A7r' 6a))" 9(th($ t9e)1e !2<5 *a)e$%ar #+$th" 6r+# the 6(r"t #+$th +6 *+1era8e, ($ 9h(*h *a"e (t (" the re"7)t +&ta($e% &' %(1(%($8 the "7# +6 a)) #+$th)' "a)ar' *re%(t" &' th(rt' !>/5 t(#e" the $7#&er +6 *a)e$%ar #+$th" +6 *+1era8e ($ the per(+%, I$ the *a"e +6 the GSIS, the a1era8e %a()' "a)ar' *re%(t "ha)) &e the a*t7a) %a()' "a)ar' +r 9a8e, +r the #+$th)' "a)ar' +r 9a8e %(1(%e% &' the a*t7a) $7#&er +6 9+r=($8 %a'" +6 the #+$th +6 *+$t($8e$*', BJ7arterB #ea$" a per(+% +6 three !>5 *+$"e*7t(1e #+$th" e$%($8 +$ the )a"t %a'" +6 Mar*h, I7$e, Septe#&er a$% De*e#&er, BSe#e"terB #ea$" a per(+% +6 t9+ *+$"e*7t(1e E7arter" e$%($8 ($ the E7arter +6 %eath, per#a$e$t %("a&()(t', ($A7r' +r "(*=$e"",

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BRep)a*e#e$t rat(+B 0 The "7# +6 t9e$t' per*e$t a$% the E7+t(e$t +&ta($e% &' %(1(%($8 three h7$%re% &' the "7# +6 three h7$%re% 6+rt' a$% the a1era8e #+$th)' "a)ar' *re%(t, >/, BCre%(te% 'ear" +6 "er1(*eB 0 F+r a #e#&er *+1ere% pr(+r t+ Ia$7ar', 23.-, $($etee$ h7$%re% "e1e$t'06(1e #($7" the *a)e$%ar 'ear +6 *+1era8e, p)7" the $7#&er +6 *a)e$%ar 'ear" ($ 9h(*h "(D +r #+re *+$tr(&7t(+$" ha1e &ee$ pa(% 6r+# Ia$7ar', 23.- 7p t+ the *a)e$%ar 'ear *+$ta($($8 the "e#e"ter pr(+r t+ the *+$t($8e$*', F+r a #e#&er *+1ere% +$ +r a6ter Ia$7ar', 23.-, the $7#&er +6 *a)e$%ar 'ear" ($ 9h(*h "(D +r #+re *+$tr(&7t(+$" ha1e &ee$ pa(% 6r+# the 'ear +6 *+1era8e 7p t+ the *a)e$%ar 'ear *+$ta($($8 the "e#e"ter pr(+r t+ the *+$t($8e$*', >2, BM+$th)' ($*+#e &e$e6(tB #ea$" the a#+7$t eE7(1a)e$t t+ +$e h7$%re% 6(6tee$ per*e$t +6 the "7# +6 the a1era8e #+$th)' "a)ar' *re%(t #7)t(p)(e% &' the rep)a*e#e$t rat(+, a$% +$e a$% a ha)6 per*e$t +6 the a1era8e #+$th)' "a)ar' *re%(t 6+r ea*h *re%(te% 'ear +6 "er1(*e ($ eD*e"" +6 te$ 'ear"C Pr+1(%e%, That the #+$th)' ($*+#e &e$e6(t "ha)) ($ $+ *a"e &e )e"" tha$ t9+ h7$%re% 6(6t' pe"+", C6!/t#r II COVERAGE AND LIABILITY Art. <1. D#/r'(!t'$, $% t6# -#,#%'t.. .xcept as otherwise pro'ided under this Title" no contract" re ulation or de'ice whatsoe'er shall operate to depri'e the emplo#ee or his dependents of an# part of the income benefits and medical or related ser'ices ranted under this Title. .xistin medical ser'ices bein pro'ided b# the emplo#er shall be maintained and continued to be en(o#ed b# their emplo#ees. C6!/t#r V MEDICAL BENEFITS Art. =1. M#2'&!+ .#r('&#.. ,mmediatel# after an emplo#ee contracts sickness or sustains an in(ur#" he shall be pro'ided b# the !#stem durin the subse$uent period of his disabilit# with such medical ser'ices and appliances as the nature of his sickness or in(ur# and pro ress of his reco'er# ma# re$uire" sub(ect to the expense limitation prescribed b# the Commission. Art. =4. L'!-'+'t). The !#stem shall ha'e the authorit# to choose or order a chan e of ph#sician" hospital or rehabilitation facilit# for the emplo#ee" and shall not be liable for compensation for an# a ra'ation of the emplo#ee6s in(ur# or sickness resultin from unauthori&ed chan es b# the emplo#ee of medical ser'ices" appliances" supplies" hospitals" rehabilitation facilities or ph#sicians. Art. =<. Att#,2',3 /6).'&'!,. )n# ph#sician attendin an in(ured or sick emplo#ee shall compl# with all the re ulations of the !#stem and submit reports in prescribed forms at such time as ma# be re$uired concernin his condition or treatment. )ll medical information rele'ant to the particular in(ur# or sickness shall" on demand" be made a'ailable to the emplo#ee or the !#stem. 1o information de'eloped in connection with treatment or examination for which compensation is sou ht shall be considered as pri'ile ed communication. Art. ==. R#%0.!+ $% #A!"',!t'$, $r tr#!t"#,t. ,f the emplo#ee unreasonabl# refuses to submit to medical examination or treatment" the !#stem shall stop the pa#ment of further compensation durin such time as such refusal continues. 2hat constitutes an unreasonable refusal shall be determined b# the !#stem which ma#" on its own initiati'e" determine the necessit#" character and sufficienc# of an# medical ser'ices furnished or to be furnished. Art. =9. F##. !,2 $t6#r &6!r3#.. )ll fees and other char es for hospital ser'ices" medical care and appliances" includin professional fees" shall not be hi her than those pre'ailin in wards of hospitals for similar ser'ices to in(ured or sick persons in eneral and shall be sub(ect to the re ulations of the Commission. Professional fees shall onl# be appreciabl# hi her than those prescribed under >epublic )ct 1umbered sixt#%one hundred ele'en" as amended" otherwise known as the Philippine 3edical Care )ct of *C6C. C6!/t#r VI DISABILITY BENEFITS 2, Art. 9 . T#"/$r!r) t$t!+ 2'.!-'+'t). U$%er "7*h re87)at(+$" a" the C+##(""(+$ #a' appr+1e, a$' e#p)+'ee 7$%er th(" T(t)e 9h+ "7"ta($" a$ ($A7r' +r *+$tra*t" "(*=$e"" re"7)t($8 ($ te#p+rar' t+ta) %("a&()(t' "ha)), 6+r ea*h %a' +6 "7*h a %("a&()(t' +r 6ra*t(+$ there+6, &e pa(% &' the S'"te# a$ ($*+#e &e$e6(t eE7(1a)e$t t+ $($et' per*e$t +6 h(" a1era8e %a()' "a)ar' *re%(t, "7&Ae*t t+ the 6+))+9($8 *+$%(t(+$"C the %a()' ($*+#e &e$e6(t "ha)) $+t &e )e"" tha$ Te$ Pe"+" $+r #+re tha$ N($et' Pe"+", $+r pa(% 6+r a *+$t($7+7" per(+% )+$8er tha$ +$e h7$%re% t9e$t' %a'", eD*ept a" +ther9("e pr+1(%e% 6+r ($ the R7)e", a$% the S'"te# "ha)) &e $+t(6(e% +6 the ($A7r' +r "(*=$e"", !A" a#e$%e% &' Se*t(+$ <, EDe*7t(1e Or%er N+, 2.35 The pa'#e$t +6 "7*h ($*+#e &e$e6(t "ha)) &e ($ a**+r%a$*e 9(th the re87)at(+$" +6 the C+##(""(+$, !A" a#e$%e% &' Se*t(+$ 23, Pre"(%e$t(a) De*ree N+, G-/5 Art. 92. P#r"!,#,t t$t!+ 2'.!-'+'t). U$%er "7*h re87)at(+$" a" the C+##(""(+$ #a' appr+1e, a$' e#p)+'ee 7$%er th(" T(t)e 9h+ *+$tra*t" "(*=$e"" +r "7"ta($" a$ ($A7r' re"7)t($8 ($ h(" per#a$e$t t+ta) %("a&()(t' "ha)), 6+r ea*h #+$th 7$t() h(" %eath, &e pa(% &' the S'"te# %7r($8 "7*h a %("a&()(t', a$ a#+7$t eE7(1a)e$t t+ the #+$th)' ($*+#e &e$e6(t, p)7" te$ per*e$t there+6 6+r ea*h %epe$%e$t *h()%, &7t $+t eD*ee%($8 6(1e, &e8($$($8 9(th the '+7$8e"t a$% 9(th+7t "7&"t(t7t(+$C Pr+1(%e%, That the #+$th)' ($*+#e &e$e6(t "ha)) &e the $e9 a#+7$t +6 the #+$th)' &e$e6(t 6+r a)) *+1ere% pe$"(+$er", e66e*t(1e 7p+$ appr+1a) +6 th(" De*ree, The #+$th)' ($*+#e &e$e6(t "ha)) &e 87ara$tee% 6+r 6(1e 'ear", a$% "ha)) &e "7"pe$%e% (6 the e#p)+'ee (" 8a($67))' e#p)+'e%, +r re*+1er" 6r+# h(" per#a$e$t t+ta) %("a&()(t', +r 6a()" t+ pre"e$t h(#"e)6 6+r eDa#($at(+$ at )ea"t +$*e a 'ear 7p+$ $+t(*e &' the S'"te#, eD*ept a" +ther9("e pr+1(%e% 6+r ($ +ther )a9", %e*ree", +r%er" +r Letter" +6 I$"tr7*t(+$", !A" a#e$%e% &' Se*t(+$ -, Pre"(%e$t(a) De*ree N+, 2@425 The 6+))+9($8 %("a&()(t(e" "ha)) &e %ee#e% t+ta) a$% per#a$e$tC

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2,

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Art. 94. D#!t6. U$%er "7*h re87)at(+$" a" the C+##(""(+$ #a' appr+1e, the S'"te# "ha)) pa' t+ the pr(#ar' &e$e6(*(ar(e" 7p+$ the %eath +6 the *+1ere% e#p)+'ee 7$%er th(" T(t)e, a$ a#+7$t eE7(1a)e$t t+ h(" #+$th)' ($*+#e &e$e6(t, p)7" te$ per*e$t there+6 6+r ea*h %epe$%e$t *h()%, &7t $+t eD*ee%($8 6(1e, &e8($$($8 9(th the '+7$8e"t a$% 9(th+7t "7&"t(t7t(+$, eD*ept a" pr+1(%e% 6+r ($ para8raph !A5 +6 Art(*)e 2@. here+6C Pr+1(%e%, h+9e1er, That the #+$th)' ($*+#e &e$e6(t "ha)) &e 87ara$tee% 6+r 6(1e 'ear"C Pr+1(%e%, 67rther, That (6 he ha" $+ pr(#ar' &e$e6(*(ar', the S'"te# "ha)) pa' t+ h(" "e*+$%ar' &e$e6(*(ar(e" the #+$th)' ($*+#e &e$e6(t &7t $+t t+ eD*ee% "(Dt' #+$th"C Pr+1(%e%, 6($a))', That the #($(#7# %eath &e$e6(t "ha)) $+t &e )e"" tha$ 6(6tee$ th+7"a$% pe"+", !A" a#e$%e% &' Se*t(+$ 4, Pre"(%e$t(a) De*ree N+, 23<25 U$%er "7*h re87)at(+$" a" the C+##(""(+$ #a' appr+1e, the S'"te# "ha)) pa' t+ the pr(#ar' &e$e6(*(ar(e" 7p+$ the %eath +6 a *+1ere% e#p)+'ee 9h+ (" 7$%er per#a$e$t t+ta) %("a&()(t' 7$%er th(" T(t)e, e(8ht' per*e$t +6 the #+$th)' ($*+#e &e$e6(t a$% h(" %epe$%e$t" t+ the %epe$%e$t"F pe$"(+$C Pr+1(%e%, That the #arr(a8e #7"t ha1e &ee$ 1a)(%)' "7&"("t($8 at the t(#e +6 %("a&()(t'C Pr+1(%e%, 67rther, That (6 he ha" $+ pr(#ar' &e$e6(*(ar', the S'"te# "ha)) pa' t+ h(" "e*+$%ar' &e$e6(*(ar(e" the #+$th)' pe$"(+$ eD*)7%($8 the %epe$%e$t"F pe$"(+$, +6 the re#a($($8 &a)a$*e +6 the 6(1e0'ear

>, 4,

87ara$tee% per(+%C Pr+1(%e%, 6($a))', That the #($(#7# %eath &e$e6(t "ha)) $+t &e )e"" tha$ 6(6tee$ th+7"a$% pe"+", !A" a#e$%e% &' Se*t(+$ 4, Pre"(%e$t(a) De*ree N+, 23<25 The #+$th)' ($*+#e &e$e6(t pr+1(%e% here($ "ha)) &e the $e9 a#+7$t +6 the #+$th)' ($*+#e &e$e6(t 6+r the "7r1(1($8 &e$e6(*(ar(e" 7p+$ the appr+1a) +6 th(" %e*ree, !A" a#e$%e% &' Se*t(+$ G, Pre"(%e$t(a) De*ree N+, 2>@G5 F7$era) &e$e6(t, 0 A 67$era) &e$e6(t +6 Three th+7"a$% pe"+" !P>,///,//5 "ha)) &e pa(% 7p+$ the %eath +6 a *+1ere% e#p)+'ee +r per#a$e$t)' t+ta))' %("a&)e% pe$"(+$er, !A" a#e$%e% &' Se*t(+$ >, EDe*7t(1e Or%er N+, 2.35 Chapter VIII PROVISIONS COMMON TO INCOME !ENEFITS Art. 91. R#+!t'$,.6'/ !,2 2#/#,2#,&). )ll $uestions of relationship and dependenc# shall be determined as of the time of death.

2,

<,

Art. 94. D#+',>0#,t &$,tr'-0t'$,.. A$ e#p)+'er 9h+ (" %e)($E7e$t ($ h(" *+$tr(&7t(+$" "ha)) &e )(a&)e t+ the S'"te# 6+r the &e$e6(t" 9h(*h #a' ha1e &ee$ pa(% &' the S'"te# t+ h(" e#p)+'ee" +r the(r %epe$%e$t", a$% a$' &e$e6(t a$% eDpe$"e" t+ 9h(*h "7*h e#p)+'er (" )(a&)e "ha)) *+$"t(t7te a )(e$ +$ a)) h(" pr+pert', rea) +r per"+$a), 9h(*h (" here&' %e*)are% t+ &e pre6erre% t+ a$' *re%(t, eD*ept taDe", The pa'#e$t &' the e#p)+'er +6 the )7#p "7# eE7(1a)e$t +6 "7*h )(a&()(t' "ha)) a&"+)1e h(# 6r+# the pa'#e$t +6 the %e)($E7e$t *+$tr(&7t(+$ a$% pe$a)t' there+$ 9(th re"pe*t t+ the e#p)+'ee *+$*er$e%, Fa()7re +r re67"a) +6 the e#p)+'er t+ pa' +r re#(t the *+$tr(&7t(+$ here($ pre"*r(&e% "ha)) $+t preA7%(*e the r(8ht +6 the e#p)+'ee +r h(" %epe$%e$t" t+ the &e$e6(t" 7$%er th(" T(t)e, I6 the "(*=$e"", ($A7r', %("a&()(t' +r %eath +**7r" &e6+re the S'"te# re*e(1e" a$' rep+rt +6 the $a#e +6 h(" e#p)+'ee, the e#p)+'er "ha)) &e )(a&)e t+ the S'"te# 6+r the )7#p "7# eE7(1a)e$t t+ the &e$e6(t" t+ 9h(*h "7*h e#p)+'ee +r h(" %epe$%e$t" #a' &e e$t(t)e%, Art. 9<. S#&$,2 ',50r'#.. ,f an# emplo#ee under permanent partial disabilit# suffers another in(ur# which results in a compensable disabilit# reater than the pre'ious in(ur#" the !tate ,nsurance /und shall be liable for the income benefit of the new disabilit#- Pro'ided" That if the new disabilit# is related to the pre'ious disabilit#" the !#stem shall be liable onl# for the difference in income benefits. Art. 9=. A..'3,"#,t $% -#,#%'t.. 1o claim for compensation under this Title is transferable or liable to tax" attachment" arnishment" le'# or sei&ure b# or under an# le al process whatsoe'er" either before or after receipt b# the person or persons entitled thereto" except to pa# an# debt of the emplo#ee to the !#stem. Art. 99. E!r,#2 -#,#%'t.. ,ncome benefits shall" with respect to an# period of disabilit#" be pa#able in accordance with this Title to an emplo#ee who is entitled to recei'e wa es" salaries or allowances for holida#s" 'acation or sick lea'es and an# other award of benefit under a collecti'e bar ainin or other a reement. Art. 2::. S!%#t) 2#('&#.. ,n case the emplo#ee6s in(ur# or death was due to the failure of the emplo#er to compl# with an# law or to install and maintain safet# de'ices or to take other precautions for the pre'ention of in(ur#" said emplo#er shall pa# the !tate ,nsurance /und a penalt# of twent#%fi'e percent (?+<) of the lump sum e$ui'alent of the income benefit pa#able b# the !#stem to the emplo#ee. )ll emplo#ers" speciall# those who should ha'e been pa#in a rate of contribution hi her than re$uired of them under this Title" are en(oined to undertake and stren then measures for the occupational health and safet# of their emplo#ees. Art. 2: . Pr#.&r'/t'(# /#r'$2. 1o claim for compensation shall be i'en due course unless said claim is filed with the !#stem within three (;) #ears from the time the cause of action accrued. !A" a#e$%e% &' Se*t(+$ -, Pre"(%e$t(a) De*ree N+, 23<25

2, <,

Art. 2:2. Err$,#$0. /!)"#,t. I6 the S'"te# ($ 8++% 6a(th pa'" ($*+#e &e$e6(t t+ a %epe$%e$t 9h+ (" ($6er(+r ($ r(8ht t+ a$+ther %epe$%e$t +r 9(th 9h+# a$+ther %epe$%e$t (" e$t(t)e% t+ "hare, "7*h pa'#e$t" "ha)) %("*har8e the S'"te# 6r+# )(a&()(t', 7$)e"" a$% 7$t() "7*h +ther %epe$%e$t $+t(6(e" the S'"te# +6 h(" *)a(# pr(+r t+ the pa'#e$t", I$ *a"e +6 %+7&t a" t+ the re"pe*t(1e r(8ht" +6 r(1a) *)a(#a$t", the S'"te# (" here&' e#p+9ere% t+ %eter#($e a" t+ 9h+# pa'#e$t" "h+7)% &e #a%e ($ a**+r%a$*e 9(th "7*h re87)at(+$" a" the C+##(""(+$ #a' appr+1e, I6 the #+$e' (" pa'a&)e t+ a #($+r +r ($*+#pete$t, pa'#e$t "ha)) &e #a%e &' the S'"te# t+ "7*h per"+$ +r per"+$" a" (t #a' *+$"(%er t+ &e &e"t E7a)(6(e% t+ ta=e *are a$% %("p+"e +6 the #($+rF" +r ($*+#pete$tF" pr+pert' 6+r h(" &e$e6(t, Art. 2:*. Pr$6'-'t'$,. 1o a ent" attorne# or other person pursuin or in char e of the preparation or filin of an# claim for benefit under this Title shall demand or char e for his ser'ices an# fee" and an# stipulation to the contrar# shall be null and 'oid. The retention or deduction of an# amount from an# benefit ranted under this Title for the pa#ment of fees for such ser'ices is prohibited. Diolation of an# pro'ision of this )rticle shall be punished b# a fine of not less than fi'e hundred pesos nor more than fi'e thousand pesos" or imprisonment for not less than six months nor more than one #ear" or both" at the discretion of the court. Art. 2:4. EA#"/t'$, %r$" +#(), t!A, #t&. )ll laws to the contrar# notwithstandin " the !tate ,nsurance /und and all its assets shall be exempt from an# tax" fee" char e" le'#" or customs or import dut# and no law hereafter enacted shall appl# to the !tate ,nsurance /und unless it is pro'ided therein that the same is applicable b# expressl# statin its name. BOOK FIVE LA!OR RELATIONS Title I POLICY AND DEFINITIONS Chapter I POLICY

Art. 2 A, 2, <, >, 4, -, @, ., B,

. D#&+!r!t'$, $% P$+'&). It (" the p+)(*' +6 the StateC T+ pr+#+te a$% e#pha"(:e the pr(#a*' +6 6ree *+))e*t(1e &ar8a($($8 a$% $e8+t(at(+$", ($*)7%($8 1+)7$tar' ar&(trat(+$, #e%(at(+$ a$% *+$*()(at(+$, a" #+%e" +6 "ett)($8 )a&+r +r ($%7"tr(a) %("p7te"; T+ pr+#+te 6ree tra%e 7$(+$("# a" a$ ($"tr7#e$t 6+r the e$ha$*e#e$t +6 %e#+*ra*' a$% the pr+#+t(+$ +6 "+*(a) A7"t(*e a$% %e1e)+p#e$t; T+ 6+"ter the 6ree a$% 1+)7$tar' +r8a$(:at(+$ +6 a "tr+$8 a$% 7$(te% )a&+r #+1e#e$t; T+ pr+#+te the e$)(8hte$#e$t +6 9+r=er" *+$*er$($8 the(r r(8ht" a$% +&)(8at(+$" a" 7$(+$ #e#&er" a$% a" e#p)+'ee"; T+ pr+1(%e a$ a%eE7ate a%#($("trat(1e #a*h($er' 6+r the eDpe%(t(+7" "ett)e#e$t +6 )a&+r +r ($%7"tr(a) %("p7te"; T+ e$"7re a "ta&)e &7t %'$a#(* a$% A7"t ($%7"tr(a) pea*e; a$% T+ e$"7re the part(*(pat(+$ +6 9+r=er" ($ %e*("(+$ a$% p+)(*'0#a=($8 pr+*e""e" a66e*t($8 the(r r(8ht", %7t(e" a$% 9e)6are, T+ e$*+7ra8e a tr7)' %e#+*rat(* #eth+% +6 re87)at($8 the re)at(+$" &et9ee$ the e#p)+'er" a$% e#p)+'ee" &' #ea$" +6 a8ree#e$t" 6ree)' e$tere% ($t+ thr+78h *+))e*t(1e &ar8a($($8, $+ *+7rt +r a%#($("trat(1e a8e$*' +r +66(*(a) "ha)) ha1e the p+9er t+ "et +r 6(D 9a8e", rate" +6 pa', h+7r" +6 9+r= +r +ther ter#" a$% *+$%(t(+$" +6 e#p)+'#e$t, eD*ept a" +ther9("e pr+1(%e% 7$%er th(" C+%e, !A" a#e$%e% &' Se*t(+$ >, Rep7&)(* A*t N+, @.2-, Mar*h <2, 23G35

Chapter II DEFINITIONS 2, <, >, 4, -, @, Art. 2 2. D#%','t'$,.. BC+##(""(+$B #ea$" the Nat(+$a) La&+r Re)at(+$" C+##(""(+$ +r a$' +6 (t" %(1("(+$", a" the *a"e #a' &e, a" pr+1(%e% 7$%er th(" C+%e, BB7rea7B #ea$" the B7rea7 +6 La&+r Re)at(+$" a$%?+r the La&+r Re)at(+$" D(1("(+$" ($ the re8(+$a) +66(*e" e"ta&)("he% 7$%er Pre"(%e$t(a) De*ree N+, 2, ($ the Depart#e$t +6 La&+r, BB+ar%B #ea$" the Nat(+$a) C+$*()(at(+$ a$% Me%(at(+$ B+ar% e"ta&)("he% 7$%er EDe*7t(1e Or%er N+, 2<@, BC+7$*()B #ea$" the Tr(part(te V+)7$tar' Ar&(trat(+$ A%1("+r' C+7$*() e"ta&)("he% 7$%er EDe*7t(1e Or%er N+, 2<@, a" a#e$%e%, BE#p)+'erB ($*)7%e" a$' per"+$ a*t($8 ($ the ($tere"t +6 a$ e#p)+'er, %(re*t)' +r ($%(re*t)', The ter# "ha)) $+t ($*)7%e a$' )a&+r +r8a$(:at(+$ +r a$' +6 (t" +66(*er" +r a8e$t" eD*ept 9he$ a*t($8 a" e#p)+'er, BE#p)+'eeB ($*)7%e" a$' per"+$ ($ the e#p)+' +6 a$ e#p)+'er, The ter# "ha)) $+t &e )(#(te% t+ the e#p)+'ee" +6 a part(*7)ar e#p)+'er, 7$)e"" the C+%e "+ eDp)(*(t)' "tate", It "ha)) ($*)7%e a$' ($%(1(%7a) 9h+"e 9+r= ha" *ea"e% a" a re"7)t +6 +r ($ *+$$e*t(+$ 9(th a$' *7rre$t )a&+r %("p7te +r &e*a7"e +6 a$' 7$6a(r )a&+r pra*t(*e (6 he ha" $+t +&ta($e% a$' +ther "7&"ta$t(a))' eE7(1a)e$t a$% re87)ar e#p)+'#e$t, BLa&+r +r8a$(:at(+$B #ea$" a$' 7$(+$ +r a""+*(at(+$ +6 e#p)+'ee" 9h(*h eD("t" ($ 9h+)e +r ($ part 6+r the p7rp+"e +6 *+))e*t(1e &ar8a($($8 +r +6 %ea)($8 9(th e#p)+'er" *+$*er$($8 ter#" a$% *+$%(t(+$" +6 e#p)+'#e$t, BLe8(t(#ate )a&+r +r8a$(:at(+$B #ea$" a$' )a&+r +r8a$(:at(+$ %7)' re8("tere% 9(th the Depart#e$t +6 La&+r a$% E#p)+'#e$t, a$% ($*)7%e" a$' &ra$*h +r )+*a) there+6, BC+#pa$' 7$(+$B #ea$" a$' )a&+r +r8a$(:at(+$ 9h+"e 6+r#at(+$, 67$*t(+$ +r a%#($("trat(+$ ha" &ee$ a""("te% &' a$' a*t %e6($e% a" 7$6a(r )a&+r pra*t(*e &' th(" C+%e, BBar8a($($8 repre"e$tat(1eB #ea$" a )e8(t(#ate )a&+r +r8a$(:at(+$ 9hether +r $+t e#p)+'e% &' the e#p)+'er, BU$6a(r )a&+r pra*t(*eB #ea$" a$' 7$6a(r )a&+r pra*t(*e a" eDpre"")' %e6($e% &' the C+%e, BLa&+r %("p7teB ($*)7%e" a$' *+$tr+1er"' +r #atter *+$*er$($8 ter#" a$% *+$%(t(+$" +6 e#p)+'#e$t +r the a""+*(at(+$ +r repre"e$tat(+$ +6 per"+$" ($ $e8+t(at($8, 6(D($8, #a($ta($($8, *ha$8($8 +r arra$8($8 the ter#" a$% *+$%(t(+$" +6 e#p)+'#e$t, re8ar%)e"" +6 9hether the %("p7ta$t" "ta$% ($ the pr+D(#ate re)at(+$ +6 e#p)+'er a$% e#p)+'ee, BMa$a8er(a) e#p)+'eeB (" +$e 9h+ (" 1e"te% 9(th the p+9er" +r prer+8at(1e" t+ )a' %+9$ a$% eDe*7te #a$a8e#e$t p+)(*(e" a$%?+r t+ h(re, tra$"6er, "7"pe$%, )a'0+66, re*a)), %("*har8e, a""(8$ +r %("*(p)($e e#p)+'ee", S7per1("+r' e#p)+'ee" are th+"e 9h+, ($ the ($tere"t +6 the e#p)+'er, e66e*t(1e)' re*+##e$% "7*h #a$a8er(a) a*t(+$" (6 the eDer*("e +6 "7*h a7th+r(t' (" $+t #ere)' r+7t($ar' +r *)er(*a) ($ $at7re &7t reE7(re" the 7"e +6 ($%epe$%e$t A7%8#e$t, A)) e#p)+'ee" $+t 6a))($8 9(th($ a$' +6 the a&+1e %e6($(t(+$" are *+$"(%ere% ra$=0a$%06()e e#p)+'ee" 6+r p7rp+"e" +6 th(" B++=, BV+)7$tar' Ar&(trat+rB #ea$" a$' per"+$ a**re%(te% &' the B+ar% a" "7*h +r a$' per"+$ $a#e% +r %e"(8$ate% ($ the C+))e*t(1e Bar8a($($8 A8ree#e$t &' the part(e" t+ a*t a" the(r V+)7$tar' Ar&(trat+r, +r +$e *h+"e$ 9(th +r 9(th+7t the a""("ta$*e +6 the Nat(+$a) C+$*()(at(+$ a$% Me%(at(+$ B+ar%, p7r"7a$t t+ a "e)e*t(+$ pr+*e%7re a8ree% 7p+$ ($ the C+))e*t(1e Bar8a($($8 A8ree#e$t, +r a$' +66(*(a) that #a' &e a7th+r(:e% &' the Se*retar' +6 La&+r a$% E#p)+'#e$t t+ a*t a" V+)7$tar' Ar&(trat+r 7p+$ the 9r(tte$ reE7e"t a$% a8ree#e$t +6 the part(e" t+ a )a&+r %("p7te, BStr(=eB #ea$" a$' te#p+rar' "t+ppa8e +6 9+r= &' the *+$*erte% a*t(+$ +6 e#p)+'ee" a" a re"7)t +6 a$ ($%7"tr(a) +r )a&+r %("p7te, BL+*=+7tB #ea$" a$' te#p+rar' re67"a) +6 a$ e#p)+'er t+ 67r$("h 9+r= a" a re"7)t +6 a$ ($%7"tr(a) +r )a&+r %("p7te, BI$ter$a) 7$(+$ %("p7teB ($*)7%e" a)) %("p7te" +r 8r(e1a$*e" ar("($8 6r+# a$' 1(+)at(+$ +6 +r %("a8ree#e$t +1er a$' pr+1("(+$ +6 the *+$"t(t7t(+$ a$% &' )a9" +6 a 7$(+$, ($*)7%($8 a$' 1(+)at(+$ +6 the r(8ht" a$% *+$%(t(+$" +6 7$(+$ #e#&er"h(p pr+1(%e% 6+r ($ th(" C+%e,

., G, 3, 2/, 22, 2<, 2>,

24,

2-, 2@, 2.,

2G,

BStr(=e0&rea=erB #ea$" a$' per"+$ 9h+ +&"tr7*t", (#pe%e", +r ($ter6ere" 9(th &' 6+r*e, 1(+)e$*e, *+er*(+$, threat", +r ($t(#(%at(+$ a$' pea*e67) p(*=et($8 a66e*t($8 9a8e", h+7r" +r *+$%(t(+$" +6 9+r= +r ($ the eDer*("e +6 the r(8ht +6 "e)60 +r8a$(:at(+$ +r *+))e*t(1e &ar8a($($8, 23, BStr(=e areaB #ea$" the e"ta&)("h#e$t, 9areh+7"e", %ep+t", p)a$t" +r +66(*e", ($*)7%($8 the "(te" +r pre#("e" 7"e% a" r7$a9a' "h+p", +6 the e#p)+'er "tr7*= a8a($"t, a" 9e)) a" the (##e%(ate 1(*($(t' a*t7a))' 7"e% &' p(*=et($8 "tr(=er" ($ #+1($8 t+ a$% 6r+ &e6+re a)) p+($t" +6 e$tra$*e t+ a$% eD(t 6r+# "a(% e"ta&)("h#e$t, !A" a#e$%e% &' Se*t(+$ 4, Rep7&)(* A*t N+, @.2-, Mar*h <2, 23G35 BOOK SIX POST EMPLOYMENT Title I TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT Art. 2<=. C$(#r!3#. The pro'isions of this Title shall appl# to all establishments or undertakin s" whether for profit or not. Art. 2<9. S#&0r't) $% t#,0r#. ,n cases of re ular emplo#ment" the emplo#er shall not terminate the ser'ices of an emplo#ee except for a (ust cause or when authori&ed b# this Title. )n emplo#ee who is un(ustl# dismissed from work shall be entitled to reinstatement without loss of seniorit# ri hts and other pri'ile es and to his full backwa es" inclusi'e of allowances" and to his other benefits or their monetar# e$ui'alent computed from the time his compensation was withheld from him up to the time of his actual reinstatement. !A" a#e$%e% &' Se*t(+$ >4, Rep7&)(* A*t N+, @.2-, Mar*h <2, 23G35 Art. 2=:. R#30+!r !,2 &!.0!+ #"/+$)"#,t. The pro'isions of written a reement to the contrar# notwithstandin and re ardless of the oral a reement of the parties" an emplo#ment shall be deemed to be re ular where the emplo#ee has been en a ed to perform acti'ities which are usuall# necessar# or desirable in the usual business or trade of the emplo#er" except where the emplo#ment has been fixed for a specific pro(ect or undertakin the completion or termination of which has been determined at the time of the en a ement of the emplo#ee or where the work or ser'ice to be performed is seasonal in nature and the emplo#ment is for the duration of the season. Art. 2= . Pr$-!t'$,!r) #"/+$)"#,t. Probationar# emplo#ment shall not exceed six (6) months from the date the emplo#ee started workin " unless it is co'ered b# an apprenticeship a reement stipulatin a lon er period. The ser'ices of an emplo#ee who has been en a ed on a probationar# basis ma# be terminated for a (ust cause or when he fails to $ualif# as a re ular emplo#ee in accordance with reasonable standards made known b# the emplo#er to the emplo#ee at the time of his en a ement. )n emplo#ee who is allowed to work after a probationar# period shall be considered a re ular emplo#ee. 2, <, >, 4, -, Art. 2=2. T#r"',!t'$, -) #"/+$)#r. )n emplo#er ma# terminate an emplo#ment for an# of the followin causesSer(+7" #("*+$%7*t +r 9())67) %("+&e%(e$*e &' the e#p)+'ee +6 the )a967) +r%er" +6 h(" e#p)+'er +r repre"e$tat(1e ($ *+$$e*t(+$ 9(th h(" 9+r=; Gr+"" a$% ha&(t7a) $e8)e*t &' the e#p)+'ee +6 h(" %7t(e"; Fra7% +r 9())67) &rea*h &' the e#p)+'ee +6 the tr7"t rep+"e% ($ h(# &' h(" e#p)+'er +r %7)' a7th+r(:e% repre"e$tat(1e; C+##(""(+$ +6 a *r(#e +r +66e$"e &' the e#p)+'ee a8a($"t the per"+$ +6 h(" e#p)+'er +r a$' (##e%(ate #e#&er +6 h(" 6a#()' +r h(" %7)' a7th+r(:e% repre"e$tat(1e"; a$% Other *a7"e" a$a)+8+7" t+ the 6+re8+($8, Art. 2=*. C+$.0r# $% #.t!-+'.6"#,t !,2 r#20&t'$, $% /#r.$,,#+. The emplo#er ma# also terminate the emplo#ment of an# emplo#ee due to the installation of labor%sa'in de'ices" redundanc#" retrenchment to pre'ent losses or the closin or cessation of operation of the establishment or undertakin unless the closin is for the purpose of circum'entin the pro'isions of this Title" b# ser'in a written notice on the workers and the 3inistr# of Labor and .mplo#ment at least one (*) month before the intended date thereof. ,n case of termination due to the installation of labor%sa'in de'ices or redundanc#" the worker affected thereb# shall be entitled to a separation pa# e$ui'alent to at least his one (*) month pa# or to at least one (*) month pa# for e'er# #ear of ser'ice" whiche'er is hi her. ,n case of retrenchment to pre'ent losses and in cases of closures or cessation of operations of establishment or undertakin not due to serious business losses or financial re'erses" the separation pa# shall be e$ui'alent to one (*) month pa# or at least one%half (*E?) month pa# for e'er# #ear of ser'ice" whiche'er is hi her. ) fraction of at least six (6) months shall be considered one (*) whole #ear. Art. 2=4. D'.#!.# !. 3r$0,2 %$r t#r"',!t'$,. )n emplo#er ma# terminate the ser'ices of an emplo#ee who has been found to be sufferin from an# disease and whose continued emplo#ment is prohibited b# law or is pre(udicial to his health as well as to the health of his co%emplo#ees- Pro'ided" That he is paid separation pa# e$ui'alent to at least one (*) month salar# or to one%half (*E?) month salar# for e'er# #ear of ser'ice" whiche'er is reater" a fraction of at least six (6) months bein considered as one (*) whole #ear. A, B, 2, <, Art. 2=1. T#r"',!t'$, -) #"/+$)##. A$ e#p)+'ee #a' ter#($ate 9(th+7t A7"t *a7"e the e#p)+'ee0e#p)+'er re)at(+$"h(p &' "er1($8 a 9r(tte$ $+t(*e +$ the e#p)+'er at )ea"t +$e !25 #+$th ($ a%1a$*e, The e#p)+'er 7p+$ 9h+# $+ "7*h $+t(*e 9a" "er1e% #a' h+)% the e#p)+'ee )(a&)e 6+r %a#a8e", A$ e#p)+'ee #a' p7t a$ e$% t+ the re)at(+$"h(p 9(th+7t "er1($8 a$' $+t(*e +$ the e#p)+'er 6+r a$' +6 the 6+))+9($8 A7"t *a7"e"C Ser(+7" ($"7)t &' the e#p)+'er +r h(" repre"e$tat(1e +$ the h+$+r a$% per"+$ +6 the e#p)+'ee; I$h7#a$ a$% 7$&eara&)e treat#e$t a**+r%e% the e#p)+'ee &' the e#p)+'er +r h(" repre"e$tat(1e;

>, 4,

C+##(""(+$ +6 a *r(#e +r +66e$"e &' the e#p)+'er +r h(" repre"e$tat(1e a8a($"t the per"+$ +6 the e#p)+'ee +r a$' +6 the (##e%(ate #e#&er" +6 h(" 6a#()'; a$% Other *a7"e" a$a)+8+7" t+ a$' +6 the 6+re8+($8, Art. 2=4. W6#, #"/+$)"#,t ,$t 2##"#2 t#r"',!t#2. The bona%fide suspension of the operation of a business or undertakin for a period not exceedin six (6) months" or the fulfillment b# the emplo#ee of a militar# or ci'ic dut# shall not terminate emplo#ment. ,n all such cases" the emplo#er shall reinstate the emplo#ee to his former position without loss of seniorit# ri hts if he indicates his desire to resume his work not later than one (*) month from the resumption of operations of his emplo#er or from his relief from the militar# or ci'ic dut#. Title II RETIREMENT FROM THE SERVICE Art. 2=<. R#t'r#"#,t. )n# emplo#ee ma# be retired upon reachin the retirement a e established in the collecti'e bar ainin a reement or other applicable emplo#ment contract. ,n case of retirement" the emplo#ee shall be entitled to recei'e such retirement benefits as he ma# ha'e earned under existin laws and an# collecti'e bar ainin a reement and other a reements- Pro'ided" howe'er" That an emplo#ee6s retirement benefits under an# collecti'e bar ainin and other a reements shall not be less than those pro'ided therein. ,n the absence of a retirement plan or a reement pro'idin for retirement benefits of emplo#ees in the establishment" an emplo#ee upon reachin the a e of sixt# (69) #ears or more" but not be#ond sixt#%fi'e (6+) #ears which is hereb# declared the compulsor# retirement a e" who has ser'ed at least fi'e (+) #ears in the said establishment" ma# retire and shall be entitled to retirement pa# e$ui'alent to at least one%half (*E?) month salar# for e'er# #ear of ser'ice" a fraction of at least six (6) months bein considered as one whole #ear. @nless the parties pro'ide for broader inclusions" the term Fone%half (*E?) month salar#6 shall mean fifteen (*+) da#s plus one%twelfth (*E*?) of the *;th month pa# and the cash e$ui'alent of not more than fi'e (+) da#s of ser'ice incenti'e lea'es. >etail" ser'ice and a ricultural establishments or operations emplo#in not more than ten (*9) emplo#ees or workers are exempted from the co'era e of this pro'ision. Diolation of this pro'ision is hereb# declared unlawful and sub(ect to the penal pro'isions under )rticle ?88 of this Code. BOOK SEVEN TRANSITORY AND FINAL PROVISIONS Title I PENAL PROVISIONS AND LIA!ILITIES Art. 2==. P#,!+t'#.. .xcept as otherwise pro'ided in this Code" or unless the acts complained of hin e on a $uestion of interpretation or implementation of ambi uous pro'isions of an existin collecti'e bar ainin a reement" an# 'iolation of the pro'isions of this Code declared to be unlawful or penal in nature shall be punished with a fine of not less than 4ne Thousand Pesos (P*"999.99) nor more than Ten Thousand Pesos (P*9"999.99) or imprisonment of not less than three months nor more than three #ears" or both such fine and imprisonment at the discretion of the court. ,n addition to such penalt#" an# alien found uilt# shall be summaril# deported upon completion of ser'ice of sentence. )n# pro'ision of law to the contrar# notwithstandin " an# criminal offense punished in this Code" shall be under the concurrent (urisdiction of the 3unicipal or Cit# Courts and the Courts of /irst ,nstance. !A" a#e$%e% &' Se*t(+$ >, Bata" Pa#&a$"a B()a$8 ./5 Art. 2=9. W6$ !r# +'!-+# 76#, &$""'tt#2 -) $t6#r t6!, ,!t0r!+ /#r.$,. ,f the offense is committed b# a corporation" trust" firm" partnership" association or an# other entit#" the penalt# shall be imposed upon the uilt# officer or officers of such corporation" trust" firm" partnership" association or entit#.

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