MYP Year level 3 Unit Its Shocking Syed Arshad Mushtaq

Lesson 1 Series Circuit

Objective Describe what a series circuit is? Connect batteries and other components in series Describe a disadvantage of series circuits.

Series Circuit
A circuit that has single, complete loop is called series

circuit. A series circuit has only one path from electron to flow.

Series circuit: Good and Bad

Good
Simple to put together

Bad
A series circuit will not work

if even one part breaks down

Ammeter
An ammeter is a device that measures electric current.
Read about Ammeter at page 276 of your text book Read carefully as we will discuss about it You have 5 minutes for that

Ammeter
An Ammeter measure current what does current

mean? Why ammeter is always connected in series? What is the circuit symbol for ammeter? If scale reading of an ammeter goes off what will you do?

A series of batteries
In toys and other electronic

devices the batteries are connected in series Why? When batteries are connected in series, electrons while flowing through batteries in series get energy from each battery

Activities Page 277

Describe how the components in a series circuit are

arranged. The components in a series circuit are connected one after the other. The circuit is a single complete loop. To which terminal of a battery should the positive terminal of an ammeter be connected? The positive terminal of ammeter should be connected to positive terminal of a battery. Why is it important to check the connections to an ammeter before closing the circuit? Because if a wrong connection have been made the ammeter could be damaged

 The two circuits below contain identical globes and

batteries. What should the reading of the ammeter in the second circuit be? Explain your answer.

10 mA because electron move through same path. It is same except the position of the switch

 What is a disadvantage of connecting circuit

components in series? The disadvantage is if one part is broken the whole circuit will not work. Predict what would happen to globe A if globe B blew in this circuit.

If glob B blew globe A would not work because the circuit would be incomplete.

Lesson Objective
Students will be able to Use a voltmeter to measure the energy transformed by an appliance Describe and construct simple parallel circuits

Imagine
What would happen if

electrical appliances at your home are connected in series? And a light globe blows out.

Parallel circuit
A parallel circuit is a circuit in which loads are connected side by side.

Paths and Parallel circuit

A parallel circuit has

more than one path for the electricity to follow. If one of the paths has a break in it, the other paths will still work. Only appliances in the broken part of the circuit will stop working.

Electrons in parallel circuit

the electrons can either move along the first path or

the second path. If the paths are identical, half of the electrons will take the first path and the other half will take the second path. Although the number of electrons is divided between the two paths, each electron will continue to carry the same amount of energy

The Voltmeter
Read about voltmeter on page 278 and answer the questions on next slide

Q/A What happens to energy as electrons move around the

electric circuit? As electrons move around the circuit some of their energy is transferred into other forms of energy. Describe the role of voltmeter in an electric circuit? The energy that is being transferred along the circuit is measured as is measured in volts with a voltmeter. How voltmeter connection in a circuit is different from ammeter? A voltmeter is connected in parallel to the appliances or load while ammeter is always connected in series? Draw symbol for voltmeter in your copybook

Activities Pages 279

What unit is electrical energy measured in? Volt When a voltmeter is used to take readings of an appliance, is it placed in series or parallel with the appliance? Parallel To which terminal of the battery is the negative terminal of a voltmeter connected more closely? Negative

THINK 4. In the experiment Parallel circuits, why did the remaining light globes still work when one was removed? 5. If a 9 V battery is used to power a circuit with four globes in parallel to each other, how many volts of electrical energy will each globe receive? 6. A battery is connected to two identical globes that are connected in parallel. The current flowing through one globe is 400mA. What current flows through: (a) the other globe? (b) the battery? 7. Why are all of the appliances in a house connected in parallel?

 SKILL BUILDER

Using the correct symbols, draw this circuit as a circuit diagram.

 (a) Use the correct symbols to

draw a circuit diagram containing two light globes in parallel with each other. Make sure you include a battery in your circuit diagram. a single switch turns the whole circuit on or off.

(b) Redraw the circuit so that

(c) Redraw the circuit with

switches place so that the light globes can be turned on separately.

Lesson Objective
Explain how voltage affects the brightness
Explain how current affects the brightness

Brightness depends on

Voltage

Current

More voltage More bright

More Current More bight

Brightness and type of circuit

Parallel Circuit

Series circuit

All Globe will glow with similar brightness

More Globe less brightly will they glow

The number Printed on light globe

Why 75 Watt globe is brighter than 60 watt globe?

 A 75 W light globe uses energy quickly than a 60 W

light globe Electron passing through globe carry same amount of energy 240V but more electrons pass through 75 W globe than 60 W

Christmas light- Parallel or series

Christmas light are

connected parallel if one light blows out, the others still work

Activities page 281

1. Why are the appliances in houses and other buildings connected in

parallel? Give at least two reasons. Appliances in house are connected parallel because if one appliance is not work other will keep on working. All appliances get same amount of energy 2. Describe a disadvantage of parallel circuits. A disadvantage of parallel circuit is connections can be complicated and use more connecting wires. 3. What do numbers printed on a globe refer to for example, 80W? The number sprinted on a globe refer how quickly energy is used up by light globe. 4. Why does a 70 W globe glow more brightly than a 60 W globe, even though each electron passing through them receives the same amount of energy? Electrons passing through both globe receive same amount of energy but 70 W globe has more electrons passing through it in a given time.

 Describe how the brightness of a globe is affected by:

(a) voltage

(b) current.

Are the circuits below the same or different? Explain

your answer.