Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Page 1 of 28
World Scout Environment Badge
OVERVIEW OF WSEP
Page 2 of 28
World Scout Environment Badge
Page 3 of 28
World Scout Environment Badge
Page 4 of 28
World Scout Environment Badge
Explore the sources of clean water and clean air in the local environment.
Demonstrate the relationship of personal actions to the availability of clean water and
clean air in the local and global environment.
Using the water testing kits loan to us from the Waterways Watch Society,
Singapore, and the participating units tested water in the following water bodies:
• Sungei Api Api, Pasir Ris Park
• Sungei Tampines, Pasir Ris Park
• Bedok Reservoir
Page 5 of 28
World Scout Environment Badge
The water testing test for the following elements in the water:
• Temperature
Aquatic animals (e.g. stream insects, trout, and salmon) are sensitive to
changes in water temperature and require a certain temperature range to
survive and thrive. If water temperature is outside that range for a long
time, organisms can be stressed and die.
Temperature also affects the amount of oxygen water can hold. Cold water
holds more oxygen than warm water, and all aquatic animals need oxygen
to survive. Temperature also affects the rate of photosynthesis by aquatic
plants, and the sensitivity of organisms to toxic wastes, parasites and
disease. Warm water discharged from factories, the removal of trees and
vegetation that shade streams, and water that runs off city streets can cause
temperature changes that threaten the balance of aquatic systems.
• Turbidity
Turbidity is the measure of the relative clarity of water. Turbid water is
caused by suspended and colloidal matter such as clay, silt, organic and
inorganic matter, and microscopic organisms. Turbidity should not be
confused with color, since darkly colored water can still be clear and not
turbid. Turbid water may be the result of soil erosion, urban runoff, algal
blooms, and bottom sediment disturbances which can be caused by boat
traffic and abundant bottom feeding fish.
• pH value
pH is a measurement of the acidic or basic quality of water. The pH scale
ranges from a value of a (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), with 7 being
neutral. Most aquatic animals prefer a range of 6.5 to 8.0 They are adapted
to a specific pH level and may die, stop reproducing, or move away if the
pH of the water varies beyond this range.
Page 6 of 28
World Scout Environment Badge
• Dissolved oxygen
Dissolved Oxygen (DO) is important to the health of aquatic ecosystems.
All aquatic animals need oxygen to survive. Natural waters with
consistently high dissolved oxygen levels are most likely healthy and
stable environments, and are capable of supporting a diversity of aquatic
organisms. Natural and human-induced changes to the aquatic
environment can affect the availability of dissolved oxygen.
Please see attached supporting documents for the water test results by the
respective schools.
Page 7 of 28
World Scout Environment Badge
Explore a local natural area. Understand the ecosystem connections of native species of
plants and animals and their habitat needs.
Demonstrate the relationship between personal actions and the availability of sufficient
natural habitat to support native species. Be aware of global conservation issues
affecting biodiversity.
1. Participated in
Pulau Semakau inter-tidal walk
21 June 2008
The local natural area explored was Pulau Semakau, a wetland and coastal area, where it
is rich in biodiversity and has helped to raise my awareness and understanding of the
relationships and interconnectivity between marine lives.
Pulau Semakau is built for the purpose of waste disposal, the Semakau landfill is also
Singapore's first offshore landfill and now the only remaining landfill in Singapore.
Situated offshore among the southern islands of Singapore, it covers a total area of 3.5
square kilometers and has a capacity of 63 million m³. To create the required landfill
Page 8 of 28
World Scout Environment Badge
space, a 7 km perimeter rock bund was built to enclose a part of the sea between Pulau
Semakau and Pulau Sakeng.
The flora and fauna on Pulau Semakau can be generally classified into three areas:
1. Coral reefs
There are more than ten different species of coral reefs found on the
coral nursery around the surrounding waters off Pulau Semakau. (Tan,
2008)
2. Inter-tidal areas
A survey on Semakau in 2005 found that there are vast stretches of
Tape sea grass (Enhalus acoroides) which is considered rare and
vulnerable in Singapore, on the inter-tidal areas of Semakau. These
Tape sea grass makes up the bulk of the sea grass meadow at
Semakau. (WildSingapore, 2005)
3. Mangroves
The 2005 survey also found four plants listed as endangered in
Singapore. Among them is the Seashore Bat Lily (Tacca
leontopetaloides) which so far has only been recorded in Pulau
Semakau for Singapore. (WildSingapore, 2005)
Being a landfill, the exploration on Pulau Semakau has also shown us that as long as we
are willing to take action, we can actually preserve much of our environment, where
human developments can co-exist with nature.
Page 9 of 28
World Scout Environment Badge
Explain the local impact of harmful substances to people and the broader environment
and what can be done by individuals, groups and the community to reduce the risk.
Understand the global impact of harmful substances and how local actions can change
the global environment.
It aims to remove and collect data on the debris from the shorelines, waterways and
beaches of the world's lakes, rivers and oceans. This information serves to educate the
public on marine debris issues and to encourage positive change by submissions to
Page 10 of 28
World Scout Environment Badge
governmental and international organizations that will reduce debris in waterways and
enhance aquatic environments.
Since its inception by the Nature Society (Singapore) in 1992, the ICCS has had an
average annual participation of 1,500 volunteers and average collection of 60,000 pieces
of litter, making it one of Singapore’s largest environmental conservation programmes.
This year, the ICCS event was also registered with WOSM, through The Singapore Scout
Association, as well as with Clean up the World, a NGO and also a partner of WOSM.
A total of 101 participants came together, covering 1867m of coastline, 28 trash bags
were filled and 189kg of marine debris was removed from our shores. Among the trash
found includes drum barrels, the base of a lamp post, sofa cushion, broom sticks, air
conditioner, but the greatest number of trash found were plastic bags and Styrofoam, both
numbered at 299 pieces each.
Please see attached supporting documents for the breakdown of trash collected.
Page 11 of 28
World Scout Environment Badge
Explain how our choice of action and responsibility as an individual, group, community
and country can affect the environment.
Understand how we can change our actions to improve our impact on the environment.
Demonstrate how local solutions can impact global issues.
1. Participated in
Waterways Watch Society River Patrol
September 2008 to 20 August 2009
I had participated in the Corporate Social Responsibility Programme for the following
organizations:
• Siemens Pte Ltd, Singapore
• Singapore Police Force
Both the boat and bike patrols will travel up the Singapore River, where we identify
sources of pollution for reporting to the agencies such as PUB, NEA and/or NParks.
Page 12 of 28
World Scout Environment Badge
For bike patrols, we will remove litter found along the banks of the Singapore River or at
specific spots alongside where litter is most commonly found, we are also involved in
educating the general public and users of the Singapore River, about how our waterways
system connect, and why it is important for us to have sustainable good daily social
habits to respect and value our environment.
For boat patrols, we will remove marine debris from the Singapore River, collect data on
the type of marine trash and perform water testing on the river water.
Page 13 of 28
World Scout Environment Badge
Be able to recognise different types of environmental hazards and natural disasters and
explain why they occur.
The focus of the conference was about environmental hazards and natural disasters
caused by climate change, and how can we ensure environmental sustainability.
January
• Forming of committee
• Orientation – getting to know each other
• Budget planning
February
• Banner and poster design and orders
• Recruitment of volunteers
• Ordering of door gifts
Page 14 of 28
World Scout Environment Badge
March
• Planning of programmes, topics and schedules
o International Water Issues
o Leadership and Environment
o Semakau Landfill Waste Management
o Urban Watershed Management
• Registration begins
April
• Invitation to Guest of Honor – Dr. Amy Khor, Senior Parliamentary Secretary,
Ministry of Environment and Water Resource.
• Invitation to the keynote speaker – Vladen Babovic, Singapore-Delft Water
Alliance
• Invitation to the session speakers:
o Dr. K E Seetharam, Institute of Water Policy
o Mr. Martin Tan, Halogen Foundation
o Mr. Edward Lim, Starfish Learning Journey
o Dr. Apichart Anukularmphai, Thailand
May
• Planning for catering
• Planning for logistics
June
• Full Rehearsal at Dunman High School on 15 June 2009
• Actual event at Dunman High School on 18 June 2009
Page 15 of 28
World Scout Environment Badge
Prof. Vladen Babovic from Singapore-Delft Water Alliance gave a keynote speech about
the role of water in our hot and crowded world today.
After our first tea break, the first lecture of AWS started with Dr. K. E. Seetharam, from
the Institute of Water Policy. Dr. Seetharam talked about the international water issues
we face today. At the end of the lecture, there was also a short Q&A session, and students
got to voice out their opinions and learn more from one another’s perspective.
The second lecture of the day was by Mr. Martin Tan, the co-founder of Halogen
Foundation. Mr. Tan delivered a very engaging lecture about leadership and its role in
environmental issues. Lunch was served after Mr. Tan’s lecture.
The afternoon continued with the third lecture of the day, by Mr. Edward Lim from
Starfish Learning Journey. Mr. Lim, an active environmentalist, gave a lecture about
Semakau Landfill Waste Management. The lecture introduced us to the history of
Semakau Landfill, and also how waste is managed at the landfill.
Prior to the tea break, Dr. Apichart Anukularmphai delivered the fourth and last lecture of
the day, Urban Watershed Management. Dr. Apichart was our guest speaker from
Thailand. He is the President of Thailand Water Resources Association.
After the second tea break of the day, the students broke off into smaller groups for the
breakout sessions. There were three different sessions for them to choose from, namely,
Nature Society, Restroom Association and World Wildlife Fund (WWF). These breakout
sessions allowed the students to learn more about the role of water in the respective
Page 16 of 28
World Scout Environment Badge
organizations. Students were also able to raise questions and thus have more learning
opportunities in these breakout sessions.
The discussions between the participants and speakers were very engaging. Much were
discussed, including areas on planning, infrastructure, development and sanitation on
issues relating directly to environmental hazards, such as lack of access to clean drinking
water, improper disposal of waste, etc. The speakers also shared their personal experience
and several case studies from India and Thailand.
Lastly, AWS ended with a dialogue session with the lecturers and the speakers for the
breakout sessions. It was a fruitful and engaging one for many students. Mr. Eugene
Heng, Chairman of Waterways Watch Society officially closed WWS’ first ever AWS
with a closing speech.
Page 17 of 28
World Scout Environment Badge
Identify local environmental issues and potential solutions. Plan and execute an
environmental project.
Understand the local to global connections of the project. Evaluate the results of the
project for the Scouts, the community and the environment.
A total of 3 Units, together with the Project Orion team members participated in this
programme:
• Beatty’s Beaver Scout Group
• Bishan Park’s Lightning Scout Group
• SJI’s Pelandok Scout Group
For mangrove salvaging, participants removed surplus mangrove saplings from the
mudflats and put them in planting bag for future use. The saplings are then moved to a
nearby designated holding pond.
For mangrove replanting, participants planted the mangrove saplings along the coastlines.
This is done to increase mangrove flora diversity and population at the areas affected by
coastal erosion and pollution.
Page 18 of 28
World Scout Environment Badge
Importance of Mangroves
Mangroves play an important role in the Marine Systems, other marine ecosystems,
namely coral reefs and sea grass beds; have evolved in a dependent relationship with
them.
Coral reefs are believed to be the most biologically diverse marine ecosystems on earth,
second only to terrestrial rainforests overall. They are very delicately balanced systems,
depending on the interaction of hard and soft corals, sponges, anemones, snails, rays,
crabs, lobsters, turtles, dolphins, and other sea life. The nearby mangroves are the nursery
and breeding grounds for such marine life. They provide shelter and nutrients to many
species, including most juvenile reef fish. Mangroves trap and produce nutrients,
providing food to these animals. In addition, the mangroves' root systems protect the
reefs from terrestrial sediment and other forms of pollution. In return, the reefs serve as
wave breakers, helping to protect the mangroves from forceful impacts.
Sea grasses are aquatic flowering plants that make up a large part of the marine food web.
Like the mangroves, they are also spawning and nursery grounds for many marine
organisms that live in the reef. They too are depended on mangrove ecosystems, being
unable to survive in areas of high turbidity and sedimentation. Mangroves help them by
slowing down the velocity and forcefulness of the water, thereby preventing fine silt from
clouding the water and blocking the sunlight. In this way, the sea grass is able to
photosynthesize and flourish under calm, sunny conditions, allowing for perfect nursery
grounds for coral reef species. Thus, this process of sea grass protection affects the reefs
that depend on the young marine organisms and, consequently, the mangrove itself,
which depends on the coral reef.
Page 19 of 28
World Scout Environment Badge
In addition to this, mangrove forests also act as a buffer zone between the open ocean and
the land. This not only protects the shores from damage, but also its many inhabitants-
including humans. Mangroves protect the coastal land areas from life threatening erosion
and siltation problems, preventing a great deal of property damage and sometimes even
human death.
Finally, the mangroves' ability to treat effluent, discussed above, is also very important
for the local communities. Most of the substances that the mangroves treat are human
made. Thus, the mangroves are acting as a filter system for the local communities,
keeping their ocean waters free of pollution and thus their fish and other food sources
free of contaminants.
All of these "eco-services" that the mangroves provide, free of charge to the local
communities, have a tremendous economic value for all who are dependent on them.
Unfortunately, although the hardy mangroves have withstood fierce storms and heavy
winds for thousands of years, they are now being devastated by human business and
industry. (Hayes-Conroy, 2000)
Page 20 of 28
World Scout Environment Badge
References
Electronic Sources
1. WildSingapore (2005), Semakau Survey 2005 [Online].
http://www.wildsingapore.com/projects/survey/semakau/results.html
[Accessed 21 September 2009].
2. Jessica Hayes-Conroy (2000), Why the World needs its Mangroves: A look into the
natural and human relationships with mangrove forests [Online].
http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/biology/b103/f00/web3/hayesconroyj3.html
[Accessed 22 September 2009].
Page 21 of 28
World Scout Environment Badge
SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS
Page 22 of 28
Annex A - World Water Monitoring Day 2009
School / Group: Cuon Scout Group - Venture Scout Unit Cuon Scout Group - Rover Scout Crew Cuon Scout Group -Scout Troop Meridian Primary School East View Primary School Casuarina Primary School
Date of Test: 5-Sep-09 12-Sep-09 12-Sep-09 10-Sep-09 17-Sep-09 25th Sept 2009
Location of Test: Bedok Reservoir Sungei Api Api Sungei Api Api - Area 1 Bedok Reservoir - Area 1 Bedok Reservoir CAPS Pond A (Water Fountain Pond)
Dissolved Oxygen: 2 ppm 2 ppm 0 ppm 0 ppm 0 ppm 2 ppm
pH Value: 8.5 8 8 9 9 7
Turbidity: 40 JTU 40 JTU 60 JTU 40 JTU 40 JTU 0 JTU
Temperature: 28°C 26°C 27°C 32°C 26°C NA
Page 23 of 28
Annex B - International Coastal Cleanup Singapore 2009
Ocean / Waterway Activities (debris from recreational / commercial fishing and boat / vessel operations)
Bait containers /Packaging 5
Bleach / Cleaner bottles 1
Buoys / Floats 0
Crab / Lobster / Fish Traps 7
Crates 1
Fishing Lines 30
Page 24 of 28
Cigarette Lighters 5
Cigar Tips 15
Tobacco packaging / Wrappers 4
Dumping Activities
Appliances (refridgerators, washers, etc) 1
Batteries 10
Building materials 94
Cars / Car parts 3
55 gal. Drums 2
Tyres 1
Debris of Local Concern (Indentify and count 3 other items found that concern you)
Styrofoam Pieces 229
Rubber Bands 5
Lamp post base 1
Sofa Cushion 1
broomsticks 3
Entangled Animals (List all entangled animals found during the Cleanup. Tell us what they were in entangled in e.g. fishing line, rope, net, etc)
Crab (alive) trapped in fishing line
Page 25 of 28
Annex C - Waterways Watch Society's Green Badge Programme
Uniform Groups
Waterways Watch Society has been in existence for 10 years and is well-recognised as an NGO
dealing with environmental issues relating to our waterways and its surroundings. For its expertise,
WWS is offering to uniformed groups the following program :
Environment Badge:
Participants are assigned to Waterways Watch Society for a minimum of 6 tours or more (more will
be better and meaningful to the incumbent). The badge can be under the uniform organisations
own program or one given by WWS.
Duty Attachment:
Main duty would be with WWS Members on either Saturday Bike Patrol (0930-1330hrs.) or Sunday
Boat/Bike Patrol (1100-1500hrs.).
Other forms of duties if interested: assisting in our weekday afternoon School River Monster
Programs; Carnival/Fairs Duty which WWS is participating in (normally over weekends); helping
out in Camp Enviro-Awareness (June/Dec. school holidays).
Type of duties:
Bike Patrol- participants will accompany WWS members in patrolling the Marina Reservoir. While
on bicycle patrol, they will be able to view first hand our Marina surroundings, picking up litter,
recording and reporting, and having a better understanding of our environmental concerns.
Individuals will be more exposed to the reality of our waterways and how anti-social behaviour can
cause harm and damage to our environment. Interaction with our members will provide them with
first hand personal experience.
• Route #1 starts off from WWS Office up to Singapore River at Zouk and back.
• Route #2 also starts off from WWS Office up to Pebble Bay/Costa Rhu and back.
Boat Patrol- participants will accompany WWS members on boats from WWS Office up the main
rivers in the Marina i.e. Geylang, Rochor and Singapore River (up to Zouk) and back.
Page 26 of 28
While on such boat/bike patrols, participants will see and experience firsthand how our waterways
are connected via drains and canals and why, who and how litter and pollution is a problem. They
will spot and pick-up litter, identify them and their potential source, and thus re-enforcing better
social behavior and understanding. Interaction with WWS members will give them the opportunity
to learn from their past experiences and observation.
Participants will assist in managing class-rooms of pupils from primary and secondary schools
(groups of 30-40). They will help with basic logistical work, at the same time take on more
responsible roles of looking after other pupils doing outdoor beach clean-ups. They will do post-
program work, tidy up and prepare the classroom for the next session.
Carnival/Fairs:
They will help out in the WWS Booth, mainly to engage visitors, highlight our environment work,
explain, promote and sell our other activities. Besides on-the-job training, they will have a chance
to interact with many and varied visitors. The objective is to raise awareness of our waterways and
how it plays an important part in our daily lives.
Appraisal:
After satisfactory completion of the attachment, an appraisal will be done for each participant and
each will be qualify for the Environmental Badge or Green Badge. We hope their time with WWS
may inspire them to sign on and join our Youth Group and that such individuals will continue and
champion our green initiative.
Period of Attachment:
As most participants are young students, they will be allowed to complete their 6 tours within
twelve months.
Self Assessment:
Incumbents are required to complete and submit to us a short report of their assignment and what
they have gained from their stint with WWS. In addition, they are encouraged to give feedback
and/or recommend changes to help improve this program for others.
For more details of this program, please email Waterways Watch Society
rc
fs awarqde:f to
NcHoLASKoH
CX
Watsways Walcfr
W
Cllr ilre
# Augr'rst aOOIg
MnEuam HrNc
oF \fnrrR\flAysVnrcu Socrerr
CHTnMANT
Page 28 of 28