Paper Reference(s)

6666/01
Edexcel GCE
Core Mathematics C4
Bronze Level B5
Time: 1 hor !0 mintes
Materials re"ired #or examination $tems inclded %ith "estion
&a&ers
Mathematical Formulae (Green) Nil
Candidates may use any calculator allowed by the regulations of the Joint
Council for Qualifications. Calculators must not have the facility for symbolic
algebra manipulation, differentiation and integration, or have retrievable
mathematical formulas stored in them.
$nstrctions to Candidates
Write the name of the examining body (Edexcel) your centre number candidate number
the unit title (!ore Mathematics !") the paper reference (####) your surname initials
and signature$
$n#ormation #or Candidates
% boo&let 'Mathematical Formulae and (tatistical )ables* is pro+ided$
Full mar&s may be obtained for ans,ers to %-- .uestions$
)here are / .uestions in this .uestion paper$ )he total mar& for this paper is /0$
'dvice to Candidates
1ou must ensure that your ans,ers to parts of .uestions are clearly labelled$
1ou must sho, sufficient ,or&ing to ma&e your methods clear to the Examiner$ %ns,ers
,ithout ,or&ing may gain no credit$
())ested )rade *ondaries #or this &a&er:
'+ ' B C , E
6- 5. 5/ 40 40 !4
Bronze 4 )his publication may only be reproduced in accordance ,ith Edexcel -imited copyright policy$
2344/53467 Edexcel -imited$
11
2i)re 1
Figure 6 sho,s a metal cube ,hich is expanding uniformly as it is heated$
%t time t seconds the length of each edge of the cube is x cm and the +olume of the cube is V cm
7
$
(a) (ho, that
x
V
d
d
8 7x
3
$
314
Gi+en that the +olume V cm
7
increases at a constant rate of 4$4"9 cm
7
s
56

(b) find
t
x
d
d
,hen x 8 9
3/4
(c) find the rate of increase of the total surface area of the cube in cm
3
s
56
,hen x 8 9$
3!4
5ne /01/
/1 (a) Express
) 3 7 )( 6 (
0
+ x x
in partial fractions$
3!4
(b) :ence find
(

+
x
x x
d
) 3 7 )( 6 (
0
,here x ; 6$
3!4
(c) Find the particular solution of the differential e.uation
(x 5 6)(7x < 3)
x
y
d
d
8 0y x ; 6
for ,hich y 8 9 at x 8 3 $ Gi+e your ans,er in the form y 8 f(x)$
364
5anar6 /011
=ron>e "? "@63 3
!1 (a) Ase the binomial theorem to expand
(3 5 7x)
53
x B
7
3

in ascending po,ers of x up to and including the term in x

7
$ Gi+e each coefficient as a simplified
fraction$
354
f(x) 8
3
) 7 3 ( x
bx a

+
x B
7
3
,here a and b are constants$
Cn the binomial expansion of f(x) in ascending po,ers of x the coefficient of x is 4 and the coefficient of x
3
is
6#
D
$
Find
(b) the +alue of a and the +alue of b
354
(c) the coefficient of x
7
gi+ing your ans,er as a simplified fraction$
3!4
January 2011
=ron>e "? "@63 7
41
2i)re 1
Figure 6 sho,s a s&etch of part of the cur+e ,ith e.uation y 8
x
x
+ 6
$ )he finite region R sho,n shaded in
Figure 6 is bounded by the cur+e the xEaxis the line ,ith e.uation x 8 6 and the line ,ith e.uation x 8 "$
(a) !opy and complete the table ,ith the +alue of y corresponding to x 8 7 gi+ing your ans,er to " decimal
places$
314
x 6 3 7 "
y 4$0 4$939" 6$7777
(b) Ase the trape>ium rule ,ith all the +alues of y in the completed table to obtain an estimate of the area of
the region R gi+ing your ans,er to 7 decimal places$
3!4
(c) Ase the substitution u 8 6 < x to find by integrating the exact area of R$
3-4
5anar6 /01!
=ron>e "? "@63 "
5.
2i)re !
)he cur+e C has parametric e.uations
x 8 ln (t < 3) y 8
) 6 (
6
+ t
t ; 6$
)he finite region R bet,een the cur+e C and the x-axis bounded by the lines ,ith e.uations x 8 ln 3 and x 8
ln " is sho,n shaded in Figure 7$
(a) (ho, that the area of R is gi+en by the integral
(

+ +
3
4
d
) 3 )( 6 (
6
t
t t
$
344
(b) :ence find an exact +alue for this area$
364
(c) Find a cartesian e.uation of the cur+e C in the form y 8 f(x)$
344
(d) (tate the domain of +alues for x for this cur+e$
314
5anar6 /00-
=ron>e "? "@63 0
61
)he cur+e sho,n in Figure 3 has e.uation y 8
) 6 3 (
6
+ x
$ )he finite region bounded by the cur+e the x-axis
and the lines x = a and x = b is sho,n shaded in Figure 3$ )his region is rotated through 7#4F about the x-axis
to generate a solid of re+olution$
Find the +olume of the solid generated$ Express your ans,er as a single simplified fraction in terms of a and
b$
354
January 2008
01 (a) Express
) 0 (
6
P P
in partial fractions$
3!4
% team of conser+ationists is studying the population of meer&ats on a nature reser+e$ )he population is
modelled by the differential e.uation
t
P
d
d
8
60
6
P(0 5 P) t 4
,here P in thousands is the population of meer&ats and t is the time measured in years since the study began$
Gi+en that ,hen t 8 4 P 8 6
(b) sol+e the differential e.uation gi+ing your ans,er in the form
P 8
t
c b
a
7
6
e

+
,here a b and c are integers$
3-4
(c) :ence sho, that the population cannot exceed 0444$
314
January 2012
T7T'L 278 9'9E8: 05 M'8:(
=ron>e "? "@63 #
11 (a)
7 3
d
7
d
V
V x x
x

cso =6 314
(b)
3
d d d 4$4"9
d d d 7
x x V
t V t x

M6
%t x 8 9
( )
( )
6
3
d 4$4"9
4$44430 cms
d 7 9
x
t



"
3$0 64

%6 3/4
(c)
3
d
# 63
d
S
S x x
x

=6

3
d d d 4$4"9
63
d d d 7
S S x
x
t x t x
_


,
M6
%t x 8 9 ( )
3 6
d
4$43" cm s
d
S
t

%6 3!4
;6<
=ron>e "? "@63 /
Question
Number
Scheme Marks
2.
(a)
( ) ( )
0
6 7 3 6 7 3
A B
x x x x
+
+ +
( ) ( ) 0 7 3 6 A x B x + +
6 x
0 0 6 A A M1 A1

3
7
x
0
0 7
7
B B A1 (3)
(b)
( ) ( )
0 6 7
d d
6 7 3 6 7 3
x x
x x x x
_


+ +
,

( ) ( ) ( ) ln 6 ln 7 3 x x C + +
ft constants M1 A1ft A1ft
(3
)
(c)
( ) ( )
0 6
d d
6 7 3
x y
x x y
_

+
,

M1
( ) ( ) ( ) ln 6 ln 7 3 ln x x y C + + M1 A1

( ) 6
7 3
K x
y
x

+
depends on first t,o Ms in (c) M1 dep
Asing ( ) 3 9
9
9
K
depends on first t,o Ms in (c) M1 dep

( ) #" 6
7 3
x
y
x

+
A1 (6)
[12
]
=ron>e "? "@63 9
Question
Number
Scheme Marks
3.
(a)
( )
3
3
3
7
3 7 3 6
3
x x

_


,
B1

( )
3 3 7
7 7 3$ 7 7 3$ 7$ " 7
6 6 3 $$$
3 3 6$3 3 6$3$7 3
x x x x

_ _ _ _
+ + + +

, , , ,
M1 A1

3 7
3/ 3/
6 7 $$$
" 3
x x x + + + +
( )
3
3 7
6 7 3/ 3/
3 7 $$$
" " 6# 9
x x x x

+ + + + M1 A1 (5)
(b) ( ) ( )
3 7
6 7 3/ 3/
f $$$
" " 6# 9
x a bx x x x
_
+ + + + +

,
!oefficient of xG ( )
7
4 7 4
" "
a b
a b + + M1
!oefficient of
3
x G ( )
3/ 7 D
D " 7
6# " 6#
a b
a b + + %6 either correct M1 A1
-eading to
6 7 a b M1 A1 (5)
(c) !oefficient of
7
x is ( )
3/ 3/ 3/ 3/
6 7
9 6# 9 6#
a b
+ + M1 A1ft

3/
6#
cao A1 (3)
[13
]
=ron>e "? "@63 D
=estion
>m*er
(cheme Mar?s
41 (a) 6$4D96 =6 cao
;1<
(b) ( )
6
%rea 6 G 4$0 3 4$939" < their 6$4D96 6$7777
3
+ + 1
]
=6G
M6

6
0$#9#7 3$9"760 3$9"7
3
(7 dp) 3$9"7 or a,rt 3$9"7 %6
;!<
(c)
{ }
6
3
d 6
6
d 3
u
u x x
x

+ or
d
3( 6)
d
x
u
u

=6
3
( 6)
d $ 3( 6) d
6
x u
x u u
u x



' )
+


3
( 6)
$$$$$$
u
u

M6
3
( 6)
$ 3( 6)
u
u
u

%6
{ }
7 7 3
( 6) ( 7 7 6)
3 d 3 d
u u u u
u u
u u
+



Expands to gi+e a Hfour termI cubic
in u$
Eg?
7 3
Au Bu Cu D t t t t
M6
{ }
3
6
3 7 7 d u u u
u
_
+

,

%n attempt to di+ide at least three

terms in their cubic by u$ (ee
notes$
M6
{ }
7 3
7
3 7 ln
7 3
u u
u u
_
+

,

7 7 3
( 6) 7
7 ln
7 3
u u u
u u
u
_
+

,

%6
%rea( ) R
8
7
7
3
3
3
7 # 3ln
7
u
u u u
1
+
1
]
7 7
3 3
3(7) 3(3)
7(7) #(7) 3ln7 7(3) #(3) 3ln 3
7 7
_ _
+ +

, ,
%pplies limits of
7 and 3 in u or "
and 6 in x and
subtracts either
,ay round$
M6
66 66 3 66 D
3ln 3 3ln7 or 3ln or ln etc
7 7 7 7 "
_ _
+ +

, ,
!orrect exact
ans,er
or e.ui+alent$
%6
;-<
1/
=ron>e "? "@63 64
Juestion
Number
(cheme Mar&s
51 (a) ( )
6
ln 3
6
x t y
t
1
+
1
+
]

d 6
d 3
x
t t

+
Must state
d 6
d 3
x
t t

+
=6

ln " 3
ln 3 4
6 6 6
%rea( ) d G dt
6 6 3
R x
t t t
_ _


+ + +
, ,

6
%rea d
6
x
t

$
Cgnore limits$
M6G
6 6
d
6 3
t
t t
_ _

+ +
, ,

$ Cgnore
limits$
%6
!hanging limits ,hen?
ln 3 ln 3 ln( 3) 3 3 4
ln " ln " ln( 3) " 3 3
x t t t
x t t t
+ +
+ +
changes limits
x t

so that ln 3 4 and ln " 3
=6
:ence
3
4
6
%rea( ) d
( 6)( 3)
R t
t t

+ +

;4<
(b)
6
( 6)( 3) ( 6) ( 3)
A B
t t t t
_
+

+ + + +
,
( 6) ( 3)
A B
t t
+
+ +
,ith A and B
found
M6
6 ( 3) ( 6) A t B t + + +
-et
6 t ( ) 6 6 6 A A
Finds both A and B correctly$
!an be implied$
((ee note belo,)
%6
-et
3 t ( ) 6 6 6 B B
3 3
4 4
6 6 6
d d
( 6)( 3) ( 6) ( 3)
t t
t t t t

+ + + +

[ ]
3
4
ln( 6) ln( 3) t t + +
Either
ln( 6) a t t +
or
ln( 3) b t t +
dM6
=oth ln terms correctly ft$ %6
( ) ( ) ln7 ln " ln6 ln 3
(ubstitutes both limits of 3 and 4
and subtracts the correct ,ay
round$
ddM6
( )
7
3
ln7 ln " ln 3 ln7 ln 3 ln +
ln7 ln " ln 3 +
or
( ) ( )
7 6
" 3
ln ln

or
ln7 ln 3
or
( )
7
3
ln
%6 aef
is,
(must deal ,ith ln 6) ;6<
=ron>e "? "@63 66
Juestion
Number
(cheme Mar&s
61 Kolume
( )
3
3
6 6
d d
3 6
3 6
b b
a a
x x
x
x

_


+
, +

Ase of
3
d V y x

$
!an be implied$ Cgnore limits$
=6
( )
3
3 6 d
b
a
x x

+

( )
6
(3 6)
( 6)(3)
b
a
x

1 +

]

( )
6
6
3
(3 6)
b
a
x

1
+
]
Cntegrating to gi+e
6
(3 6) p x

t +
M6
6
6
3
(3 6) x

+
%6

( )
6 6
3(3 6) 3(3 6) b a

1 _ _

1
+ +
, , ]
(ubstitutes limits of b and a and
subtracts the correct ,ay round$
dM6

3 6 3 6
3 (3 6)(3 6)
a b
a b
1 + +

1
+ +
]

3( )
3 (3 6)(3 6)
b a
a b
1

1
+ +
]


( )
(3 6)(3 6)
b a
a b

+ +
( )
(3 6)(3 6)
b a
a b

+ +
%6 aef
;5<
5 mar?s
=ron>e "? "@63 63
=estion
>m*er
(cheme Mar?s
01 (a)
6 (0 ) A P BP +
!an be implied$ M6
6 6

0 0
A B Either one$ %6
gi+ing
6 6
0 0
(0 ) P P
+

%6 cao@
ae#
;!<
(b)
6 6
d d
(0 ) 60
P t
P P


=6
( )
6 6 6
ln ln(0 )
0 0 60
P P t c +
M6L
%6ft
{ } 4 6 t P

6 6
ln6 ln(") 4
0 0
c +
6
ln "
0
c


' )

dM6L
eg?
6 6 6
ln ln"
0 0 60 0
P
t
P
_

,
Asing any of the
subtraction (or addition)
la,s for logarithms
!MRRE!)-1
dM6L

" 6
ln
0 7
P
t
P
_

,
eg?
6
7
"
e
0
t
P
P

or eg?
6
7
0
e
"
t
P
P

Eliminate ln*s correctly$ dM6L

gi+es
6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7
" 0e e (" e ) 0e
t t t t
P P P +

6 6
7 7
6 6
7 7
0e ( e )
(" e ) ( e )
t t
t t
P

' )
+


Ma&e P the subNect$ dM6L
6
7
0
(6 "e )
t
P

+
or 6
7
30
(0 34e )
t
P

+

etc$
%6
;-<
(c)
6
7
6 "e 6 0
t
P

+ > < 1 (o population cannot

exceed 0444$
=6
;1<
31/
mar?s4
=ron>e "? "@63 67
=estion 1
)his .uestion ,as ,ell done and more than half of the candidates gained full mar&s$ )he great maNority of
candidates gained full mar&s in parts (a) and (b)$ Cn part (c) most identified that they needed to find
d
d
A
x
but
some failed to realise that a cube has six faces and ,or&ed ,ith
d
3
d
A
x
x

rather than 63x $ Not all realised
that a chain rule ,as no, needed and some simply calculated the +alue of
d
d
A
x
at 9 x $ :o,e+er the
maNority ,ere able to put together a meaningful chain rule and complete the .uestion$
=estion /
Partial fractions are ,ell understood and part (a) ,as usually fully correct$ )he maNority used substitution to
find the constants and comparing constants ,as rare as ,as the use of the co+er up rule$ Mne error that ,as
seen from time to time ,as
0 0 0 A A
$ Part (b) ,as also ,ell done and the common error
( )
7
d 7ln 7 3
7 3
x x
x
+
+

,as seen less often than in some recent examinations$

Part (c) pro+ed more difficult$ Many could not separate the +ariables correctly and some did not e+en realise
that this ,as necessary$ (ome &ept the 0 ,ith the y and this caused problems in applying the result of part (b)
correctly$ )hose ,ho established the appropriate method usually included a constant of integration and ,ere
able to obtain an e.uation to find its +alue$ Ma&ing y the subNect of the formula pro+ed difficult and mo+ing
from an expression of the form ( ) ( )
ln ln f ln y x k +
to ( ) f y x k +
,as a common error$
=estion !
Part (a) ,as ,ell done$ )hose ,ho could ,rite ( )
3
3 7x

as
3
3
7
3 6
3
x

,
nearly al,ays expanded correctly
and those ,ho could not ,ere usually able to gain 3 or 7 mar&s by sho,ing that they &ne, ho, to expand
binomial expressions$ )he distribution of mar&s for part (b) ,as bimodalG the maNority of candidates obtaining
either 4 or 0 mar&s$ )hose ,ho &ne, ho, to proceed ,ere able to obtain t,o linear e.uations by comparing
coefficients and sol+e them for a and b$ %part from occasional algebraic slips these candidates usually
obtained full mar&s$ )hose ,ho did not &no, the appropriate method often ga+e up +ery .uic&ly and ,isely
,ent on to the next .uestion$ )hose ,ho ,ere able to sol+e part (b) almost al,ays completed the .uestion$
=estion 4
)his .uestion ,as ans,ered ,ell across all abilities$ Whilst the maNority of candidates ,ere able to score full
mar&s in J"(a) and J"(b) J"(c) ,as found to be more challenging$ Oespite the challenging nature of J"(c)
it ,as encouraging to see a good number of clear logical and accurate solutions$
Cn J"(a) although most candidates correctly computed 6$4D96 a significant number ,rote 6$4D94 suggesting
that truncation rather than rounding ,as applied by some at this stage$
=ron>e "? "@63 6"
Cn applying the trape>ium rule in J"(b) a small minority of candidates multiplied
6
3
by
7
"
instead of
6
3
by
6$ Whilst the table of +alues sho,s clearly an inter+al ,idth of 6 the application of a formula
b a
h
n

,ith
" n
instead of
7 n
sometimes caused this error$ Mther errors included the occasional brac&eting mista&e
and the occasional calculation error follo,ing a correctly ,ritten expression$
Cn J"(c) candidates clearly &ne, that they needed to transform an integral in
f ( ) x
into an integral in
g( ) u

and most began as expected by finding
d
d
u
x
$ )he omission of
d
d
x
u
from the integral expression for the area
resulted in a simpler function in u ,ith a conse.uent loss of mar&s$ Mther errors on substitution ,ere the use
of
3
6 u instead of
3
( 6) u and multiplication by
d
d
u
x
instead of by
d
d
x
u
$ For those ,ho did obtain an
expression of the form
7
3( 6) u
u

many expanded the cubic part di+ided the result by u and integrated the
result as expected although sometimes ma&ing an error on expansion or forgetting to multiply by the 3$ (ome
candidates ho,e+er attempted integration by parts or integration ,ithout expansion on
7
( 6) u
u

resulting in
erroneous expressions such as
"
( 6) ln u u or
"
( 6)
"
u
u

$ Oespite pre+ious errors the maNority of candidates

,ere able to apply the changed limits of 7 and 3 appropriately to an 'integrated* function in u$ % return to x
limits ,ould ha+e been acceptable but ,as seldom seen and only occasionally x limits ,ere used erroneously
in a function in u$
Question 5
)he maNority of candidates ,ere able to sho, the integral re.uired in part (a)$ (ome candidates ho,e+er did
not sho, e+idence of con+erting the gi+en limits ,hilst for other candidates this ,as the only thing they ,ere
able to do$
Cn part (b) it ,as disappointing to see that some strong candidates ,ere unable to gain any mar&s by failing to
recognise the need to use partial fractions$ )hose candidates ,ho split the integral up as partial fractions
usually gained all six mar&s ,hile those candidates ,ho failed to use partial fractions usually ga+e ans,ers
such as
3
ln( 7 3) t t + + or
ln( 6) ln( 3) t t + +
after integration$ % fe, candidates only substituted the limit of 3
assuming that the result of substituting a limit of 4 ,ould be >ero Fe, candidates ga+e a decimal ans,er
instead of the exact +alue re.uired by the .uestion$
Part (c) ,as ,ell ans,ered by candidates of all abilities ,ith candidates using a +ariety of methods as
identified in the mar& scheme$ Mccasionally some candidates ,ere able to eliminate t but then failed to ma&e
y the subNect$
)he domain ,as not so ,ell understood in part (d) ,ith a significant number of candidates failing to
correctly identify it$
=ron>e "? "@63 60
Question 6
Most candidates used the correct +olume formula to obtain an expression in terms of x for integration$ %t this
stage errors included candidates using either incorrect formulae of
d y x

3
3 d y x

or
3
d y x

$ Many
candidates realised that they needed to integrate an expression of the form
3
(3 6) x

+ (or e.ui+alent)$ )he
maNority of these candidates ,ere able to complete the integration correctly or at least achie+e an integrated
expression of the form
6
(6 3 ) p x

+ $ % fe, candidates ho,e+er integrated to gi+e an expression in terms of
natural logarithms$ % significant minority of candidates substituted the limits of b and a into their integrand
the ,rong ,ay round$ Mnly a minority of candidates ,ere able to combine together their rational fractions to
gi+e an ans,er as a single simplified fraction as re.uired by the .uestion$
Question 7
Cn part (a) the maNority of candidates ,ere able to ,rite do,n the correct identity to find their constants
correctly although a fe, candidates forgot to express their ans,er as a partial fraction as re.uested in the
.uestion$
% significant minority of candidates ,ho completed part (a) correctly made no attempt at part (b)$ Most
candidates ho,e+er ,ere able to separate the +ariables although some did this incorrectly or did not try$
)he maNority used their part (a) ans,er and integrated this to obtain an expression in+ol+ing t,o ln terms$
%lthough many integrated their expression correctly some made a sign error by integrating
6
0 P
to obtain
ln(0 )$ P
)hose candidates ,ho integrated
6
0P
and
6
30 0P
to
6
ln0
0
Pand ( )
6
ln 30 0
0
P respecti+ely
tended to find subse.uent manipulation more difficult$ % significant number of candidates did not attempt to
find a constant of integration 5 ,ith some omitting it from their ,or&ing ,hilst others referring to H
c +
I and
not attempting to use the boundary condition of
4 t
and
6 P
to find its +alue$ Most candidates ,ere able
to apply the subtraction (or sometimes the addition) la, of logarithms correctly for their expression but a
number of candidates struggled to correctly remo+e the logarithms from their integrated e.uation ,ith
incorrect manipulation of
6
ln ln "
0 7
P
t
P
_

,
leading to
6
7
e "
0
t
P
P

usually seen$
% significant number of those candidates ,ho remo+ed logarithms correctly ,ere able to manipulate their
result to ma&e P the subNect of their e.uation although a number of these candidates could not ma&e the final
step of manipulating
6
7
6
7
0e
(" e )
t
t
P
+
into 6
7
0
$
(6 "e )
t
P

+
Mf all the 9 .uestions .uestion 9(b) ,as the most
demanding in terms of a need for accuracy and about 34P of candidates ,ere able to score all 9 mar&s in this
part$
Kery fe, candidates gained the mar& in part (c)$ Many ,ere able to sho, that P could not be e.ual to 0 and
some of them also loo&ed at ,hat happens to P as t approaches infinity but then failed to point out that the
function ,as strictly increasing$ Fe, candidates ,ere able to state
6
7
6 "e 6
t
+ > implied P B 0 but some of
them did not go on to gi+e a conclusion in relation to the context of the .uestion$
=ron>e "? "@63 6#
(tatistics #or C4 9ractice 9a&er Bronze Level B5
Mean score for students achieving grade:
Qu
Max
score
Modal
score
Mean
%
ALL A* A B C D E U
1 6 75 4.52 5.86 5.49 4.91 3.93 2.85 1.97 1.15
12 76 9.14 11.85 10.43 8.80 6.79 5.19 4.49 2.67
! 13 73 9.52 12.83 11.40 8.92 6.68 4.97 4.03 1.88
" 12 12 69 8.31 11.63 9.56 7.75 6.10 5.06 3.94 2.52
# 15 63 9.46 12.46 9.00 6.44 4.78 2.32 1.44
$ 5 59 2.93 3.89 2.93 1.93 1.68 0.89 0.47
% 12 56 6.71 10.67 8.29 5.63 3.92 2.60 2.28 1.08
%# $% #&'#( $1'# "%'(" !#'%( %'1! 1('( 11'1
=ron>e "? "@63 6/