Code No: 07A3EC08

R07

Set No. 2

II B.Tech I Semester Examinations, A! 20"" T#ER $%!NA ICS Common to echanica& En'ineerin', Aerona(tica& En'ineerin', A(tomo)i&e En'ineerin' Time: 3 ho(rs ax ar*s: 80 Ans+er an, -I.E /(estions A&& /(estions carr, e0(a& mar*s ". 1a2 3hat are the ad4anta'es associated +ith the diese& c,c&e as com5ared to the otto c,c&e6 1)2 A 'as en'ine +or*in' on $tto c,c&e has a c,&inder o7 diameter 220 mm and stro*e 300 mm. The c&earance 4o&(me is "800 cc. -ind the air8 standard e77icienc,. Ass(me C5 9".00: *;<*'.= and C4 9 0.7"8 *;<*'.= 7or air. >?@"0A 2. 1a2 Ex5&ain +ith a neat s*etch B8.8T dia'ram. 1Cnit :2 1)2 2 *' o7 steam ex5ands adia)atica&&, 7rom 20 )ar, 3000C to 0.D )ar in a steam t(r)ine s(ch that the steam is dr, and sat(rated at the end o7 ex5ansion. Ca&c(&ate i. the +or* done ), steam, and ii. +or* &ost d(e to irre4ersi)i&it,. 3. 1a2 3hat is an e0(ation o7 state6 1)2 Air at "?0C and ".02 )ar occ(5ies a 4o&(me o7 0.03 m3. The air is heated at constant 4o&(me (nti& the 5ress(re is :.3 )ar and then coo&ed at constant 5ress(re )ac* to the ori'ina& tem5erat(re. ca&c(&ate i. The net heat 7&o+ to or 7rom the air and ii. The net entro5, chan'e. >?@"0A >8@8A

:. 1a2 Ex5&ain +ith neat s*etch the +or*in' o7 4a5o(r com5ression re7ri'eration c,c&e 1)2 %escri)e a )inar, 4a5o(r c,c&e +ith the he&5 o7 schematic dia'ram o7 the 5&ant and T8S dia'ram o7 the c,c&e. >8@8A D. An en'ine +or*in' on Carnot c,c&e a)sor)s /" (nits o7 heat 7rom a so(rce at T" and reEects /2 (nits o7 heat to a sin* at T2. Te tem5erat(re o7 the +or*in' 7&(id is " and 2, +here " F T" and 2 G T2, I7 " 9 T"8=/" and 2 9 T2@*/2

+here * is constant, then sho+ that e77icienc, o7 the en'ine is 'i4en ),: 9 " H T22 >"?A T" H2*/" . 1Cnit 32 ?. 1a2 %eri4e stead, 7&o+ ener', e0(ation and sim5&i7, the e0(ation +hen a55&ied to i. Ias t(r)ine ii. Com5ressors 1Cnit 22

"

Code No: 07A3EC08

R07

Set No. 2

1)2 A 7&(id s,stem (nder 'oes a non87&o+ 7riction&ess 5rocess 7o&&o+in' the 5ress(re 4o&(me re&ation as 59D<4 @".D +here 5 is in )ar and 4 is in m3 and the s,stem reEects :2 *E o7 heat. %etermine i. chan'e in interna& ener', ii. chan'e in entha&5,. >8@8A

7. 1a2 %escri)e the method o7 deh(midi7ication ), coo&in' and sho+ it on 5s,chro8 metric chart. %eri4e ener', e0(ation 7or this 5rocess. 1)2 A therma&&, ins(&ated 4esse& contains 3 *' mo&e o7 #2 and ".D *' mo&e o7 N2 each at " )ar 270C initia&&, the, are se5arated ), a 5artition +a&&. %etermine 3or* done ), a s()stance in a re4ersi)&e non87&o+ manner is in accordance the chan'e in entro5, +hen the 5artition +a&& is remo4ed and the t+o 'ases mixes. >8@8A 8. 1a2 3hat are the di77erent t,5es o7 thermod,namic s,stems6 Ex5&ain +ith exam8 5&es. Cnit I 1)2 +ith 9 "D0 m , +here 5 is in )ar. E4a&(ate the +or* done on or ), the 5 s,stem as 5ress(re increases 7rom "0 to "00 )ar. Indicate +hether it is a com5ression or ex5ansion 5rocess. >8@8A
3

Code No: 07A3EC08

R07

Set No. :

II B.Tech I Semester Examinations, A! 20"" T#ER $%!NA ICS Common to echanica& En'ineerin', Aerona(tica& En'ineerin', A(tomo)i&e En'ineerin' Time: 3 ho(rs ax ar*s: 80 Ans+er an, -I.E /(estions A&& /(estions carr, e0(a& mar*s ". 1a2 %escri)e the method o7 deh(midi7ication ), coo&in' and sho+ it on 5s,chro8 metric chart. %eri4e ener', e0(ation 7or this 5rocess. 1)2 A therma&&, ins(&ated 4esse& contains 3 *' mo&e o7 #2 and ".D *' mo&e o7 N2 each at " )ar 270C initia&&, the, are se5arated ), a 5artition +a&&. %etermine the chan'e in entro5, +hen the 5artition +a&& is remo4ed and the t+o 'ases mixes. >8@8A 2. 1a2 Ex5&ain +ith neat s*etch the +or*in' o7 4a5o(r com5ression re7ri'eration c,c&e 1)2 %escri)e a )inar, 4a5o(r c,c&e +ith the he&5 o7 schematic dia'ram o7 the 5&ant and T8S dia'ram o7 the c,c&e. >8@8A 3. 1a23or* 3hat are the di77erent t,5es o7 thermod,namic s,stems6 +ith exam8 do1e ), a s()stance in a re4ersi)&e non87&o+ manner Ex5&ain is in accordance 5&es. Cnit I 1)2 2 +ith 9 "D0 m , +here 5 is in )ar. E4a&(ate the +or* done on or ), the 5 s,stem as 5ress(re increases 7rom "0 to "00 )ar. Indicate +hether it is a com5ression or ex5ansion 5rocess. >8@8A :. 1a2 3hat is an e0(ation o7 state6 1)2 Air at "?0C and ".02 )ar occ(5ies a 4o&(me o7 0.03 m3. The air is heated at constant 4o&(me (nti& the 5ress(re is :.3 )ar and then coo&ed at constant 5ress(re )ac* to the ori'ina& tem5erat(re. ca&c(&ate i. The net heat 7&o+ to or 7rom the air and ii. The net entro5, chan'e. i. Ias t(r)ine ii. Com5ressors Cnit II 1)2 A 7&(id s,stem (nder 'oes a non87&o+ 7riction&ess 5rocess 7o&&o+in' the 5ress(re 4o&(me re&ation as 59D<4 @".D +here 5 is in )ar and 4 is in m3 and the s,stem reEects :2 *E o7 heat. %etermine i. chan'e in interna& ener', >?@"0A
3

D. 1a2 %eri4e stead, 7&o+ ener', e0(ation and sim5&i7, the e0(ation +hen a55&ied to

ii. chan'e in entha&5,.

>8@8A

Code No: 07A3EC08

R07

Set No. :

?. An en'ine +or*in' on Carnot c,c&e a)sor)s /" (nits o7 heat 7rom a so(rce at T" and reEects /2 (nits o7 heat to a sin* at T2. Te tem5erat(re o7 the +or*in' 7&(id is " and 2, +here " F T" and 2 G T2, I7 " 9 T"8=/" and 2 9 T2@*/2 CNIT III +here * is constant, then sho+ that e77icienc, o7 the en'ine is 'i4en ),: 9 " H T2 >"?A T" H2*/" . Cnit 1III2 7. 1a2 3hat are the ad4anta'es associated +ith the diese& c,c&e as com5ared to the otto c,c&e6 1)2 A 'as en'ine +or*in' on $tto c,c&e has a c,&inder o7 diameter 220 mm and stro*e 300 mm. The c&earance 4o&(me is "800 cc. -ind the air8 standard e77icienc,. Ass(me C5 9".00: *;<*'.= and C4 9 0.7"8 *;<*'.= 7or air. >?@"0A 8. 1a2 Ex5&ain +ith a neat s*etch B8.8T dia'ram. CNIT I. 1)2 2 *' o7 steam ex5ands adia)atica&&, 7rom 20 )ar, 3000C to 0.D )ar in a steam t(r)ine s(ch that the steam is dr, and sat(rated at the end o7 ex5ansion. Ca&c(&ate i. the +or* done ), steam, and ii. +or* &ost d(e to irre4ersi)i&it,. >8@8A

Code No: 07A3EC08

R07

Set No. "

II B.Tech I Semester Examinations, A! 20"" T#ER $%!NA ICS Common to echanica& En'ineerin', Aerona(tica& En'ineerin', A(tomo)i&e En'ineerin' Time: 3 ho(rs ax ar*s: 80 Ans+er an, -I.E /(estions A&& /(estions carr, e0(a& mar*s ". 1a2 %escri)e the method o7 deh(midi7ication ), coo&in' and sho+ it on 5s,chro8 metric chart. %eri4e ener', e0(ation 7or this 5rocess. 1)2 A therma&&, ins(&ated 4esse& contains 3 *' mo&e o7 #2 and ".D *' mo&e o7 N2 each at " )ar 270C initia&&, the, are se5arated ), a 5artition +a&&. %etermine the chan'e in entro5, +hen the 5artition +a&& is remo4ed and the t+o 'ases mixes. >8@8A 2. An en'ine +or*in' on Carnot c,c&e a)sor)s /" (nits o7 heat 7rom a so(rce at T" and reEects /2 (nits o7 heat to a sin* at T2. Te tem5erat(re o7 the +or*in' 7&(id is " and 2, +here " F T" and 2 G T2, I7 " 9 T"8=/" and 2 9 T2@*/2 +here * is constant, then sho+ that e77icienc, o7 the en'ine is 'i4en ),: 9 " H T2 >"?A T" H2*/" . 3. 1a2 3hat are the ad4anta'es associated +ith the diese& c,c&e as com5ared to the otto c,c&e6 1)2 A 'as en'ine +or*in' on $tto c,c&e has a c,&inder o7 diameter 220 mm and stro*e 300 mm. The c&earance 4o&(me is "800 cc. -ind the air8standard 3or* do1e ), a s()stance in a re4ersi)&e non87&o+ manner is in accordance e77icienc,. Ass(me C5 9".00: *;<*'.= and C4 9 0.7"8 *;<*'.= 7or air. >?@"0A :. 1a2 Ex5&ain +ith neat s*etch the +or*in' o7 4a5o(r com5ression re7ri'eration c,c&e 1)2 %escri)e a )inar, 4a5o(r c,c&e +ith the he&5 o7 schematic dia'ram o7 the 5&ant and T8S dia'ram o7 the c,c&e. >8@8A D. 1a2 3hat are the di77erent t,5es o7 thermod,namic s,stems6 Ex5&ain +ith exam8 5&es. 1)2 2 +ith 9 "D0 m , +here 5 is in )ar. E4a&(ate the +or* done on or ), the 5 s,stem as 5ress(re increases 7rom "0 to "00 )ar. Indicate +hether it is a com5ression or ex5ansion 5rocess. >8@8A
3

?. 1a2 3hat is an e0(ation o7 state6 1)2 Air at "?0C and ".02 )ar occ(5ies a 4o&(me o7 0.03 m3. The air is heated at constant 4o&(me (nti& the 5ress(re is :.3 )ar and then coo&ed at constant 5ress(re )ac* to the ori'ina& tem5erat(re. ca&c(&ate i. The net heat 7&o+ to or 7rom the air and D

Code No: 07A3EC08

R07

Set No. "

>?@"0A

ii. The net entro5, chan'e. i. Ias t(r)ine ii. Com5ressors

7. 1a2 %eri4e stead, 7&o+ ener', e0(ation and sim5&i7, the e0(ation +hen a55&ied to

1)2 A 7&(id s,stem (nder 'oes a non87&o+ 7riction&ess 5rocess 7o&&o+in' the 5ress(re 4o&(me re&ation as 59D<4 @".D +here 5 is in )ar and 4 is in m3 and the s,stem reEects :2 *E o7 heat. %etermine i. chan'e in interna& ener', ii. chan'e in entha&5,. 8. 1a2 Ex5&ain +ith a neat s*etch B8.8T dia'ram. 1)2 2 *' o7 steam ex5ands adia)atica&&, 7rom 20 )ar, 3000C to 0.D )ar in a steam t(r)ine s(ch that the steam is dr, and sat(rated at the end o7 ex5ansion. Ca&c(&ate i. the +or* done ), steam, and ii. +or* &ost d(e to irre4ersi)i&it,. >8@8A >8@8A

Code No: 07A3EC08

R07

Set No. 3

II B.Tech I Semester Examinations, A! 20"" T#ER $%!NA ICS Common to echanica& En'ineerin', Aerona(tica& En'ineerin', A(tomo)i&e En'ineerin' Time: 3 ho(rs ax ar*s: 80 Ans+er an, -I.E /(estions A&& /(estions carr, e0(a& mar*s ". 1a2 3hat are the di77erent t,5es o7 thermod,namic s,stems6 Ex5&ain +ith exam8 3or* do1e ), a s()stance in a re4ersi)&e non87&o+ manner is in accordance 5&es. 1)2 +ith 9
"D0 5

m3, +here 5 is in )ar. E4a&(ate the +or* done on or ), the

s,stem as 5ress(re increases 7rom "0 to "00 )ar. Indicate +hether it is a com5ression or ex5ansion 5rocess. >8@8A 2. 1a2 3hat are the ad4anta'es associated +ith the diese& c,c&e as com5ared to the otto c,c&e6 1)2 A 'as en'ine +or*in' on $tto c,c&e has a c,&inder o7 diameter 220 mm and stro*e 300 mm. The c&earance 4o&(me is "800 cc. -ind the air8 standard e77icienc,. Ass(me C5 9".00: *;<*'.= and C4 9 0.7"8 *;<*'.= 7or air. >?@"0A 3. 1a2 3hat is an e0(ation o7 state6 1)2 Air at "?0C and ".02 )ar occ(5ies a 4o&(me o7 0.03 m3. The air is heated at constant 4o&(me (nti& the 5ress(re is :.3 )ar and then coo&ed at constant 5ress(re )ac* to the ori'ina& tem5erat(re. ca&c(&ate i. The net heat 7&o+ to or 7rom the air and ii. The net entro5, chan'e. :. 1a2 Ex5&ain +ith a neat s*etch B8.8T dia'ram. 1)2 2 *' o7 steam ex5ands adia)atica&&, 7rom 20 )ar, 3000C to 0.D )ar in a steam t(r)ine s(ch that the steam is dr, and sat(rated at the end o7 ex5ansion. Ca&c(&ate i. the +or* done ), steam, and ii. +or* &ost d(e to irre4ersi)i&it,. >8@8A >?@"0A

D. 1a2 %eri4e stead, 7&o+ ener', e0(ation and sim5&i7, the e0(ation +hen a55&ied to

i. Ias t(r)ine ii. Com5ressors 1)2 A 7&(id s,stem (nder 'oes a non87&o+ 7riction&ess 5rocess 7o&&o+in' the 5ress(re 4o&(me re&ation as 59D<4 @".D +here 5 is in )ar and 4 is in m3 and the s,stem reEects :2 *E o7 heat. %etermine i. chan'e in interna& ener', 7

Code No: 07A3EC08 ii. chan'e in entha&5,.

R07

Set No. 3
>8@8A

?. 1a2 Ex5&ain +ith neat s*etch the +or*in' o7 4a5o(r com5ression re7ri'eration c,c&e 1)2 %escri)e a )inar, 4a5o(r c,c&e +ith the he&5 o7 schematic dia'ram o7 the 5&ant and T8S dia'ram o7 the c,c&e. >8@8A 7. An en'ine +or*in' on Carnot c,c&e a)sor)s /" (nits o7 heat 7rom a so(rce at T" and reEects /2 (nits o7 heat to a sin* at T2. Te tem5erat(re o7 the +or*in' 7&(id is " and 2, +here " F T" and 2 G T2, I7 " 9 T"8=/" and 2 9 T2@*/2 +here * is constant, then sho+ that e77icienc, o7 the en'ine is 'i4en ),: 9" H T2 >"?A T" H2*/" . 8. 1a2 %escri)e the method o7 deh(midi7ication ), coo&in' and sho+ it on 5s,chro8 metric chart. %eri4e ener', e0(ation 7or this 5rocess. 1)2 A therma&&, ins(&ated 4esse& contains 3 *' mo&e o7 #2 and ".D *' mo&e o7 N2 each at " )ar 270C initia&&, the, are se5arated ), a 5artition +a&&. %etermine the chan'e in entro5, +hen the 5artition +a&& is remo4ed and the t+o 'ases mixes. >8@8A

Code No: R0D2"030:

R0D

Set No. 2

II B.Tech I Semester Examinations,No4em)er 20"0 T#ER $%!NA ICS Common to echanica& En'ineerin', A(tomo)i&e En'ineerin' Time: 3 ho(rs ax ar*s: 80 Ans+er an, -I.E /(estions A&& /(estions carr, e0(a& mar*s ". 1a2 Ex5&ain the im5ortant com5onents o7 a sim5&e 4a5o(r com5ression re7ri'era8 tion s,stem. A&so disc(ss the 7(nctions o7 each com5onent. 1)2 %isc(ss the e77ect o7 s() coo&in' on C.$.B.o7 the 4a5o(r com5ression re7ri'er8 ation c,c&e. 3o(&d ,o( deri4e &ar'e s() coo&in' and +h,6 >8@8A 2. 1a2 %ed(ce the re&ation shi5 )et+een a)so&(te tem5erat(re and 5ress(re in an 5o&,tro5ic 5rocess. 1)2 0.3m3 o7 air at 5ress(re 8 )ars ex5ands to ".Dm3 . The 7ina& 5ress(re is ".3 )ar. Ass(min' the ex5ansion to )e 5o&,tro5ic, ca&c(&ate the heat s(55&ied and chan'e o7 interna& ener',. Ta*e = 1.4 >7@JA 3. A c,c&e consists o7 three 5rocesses. The 7irst is a constant 5ress(re com5ression at 200 =Ba 7rom an initia& 4o&(me o7 0.7 m3 to a 7ina& 4o&(me o7 0.2 m3. The second 5rocess ta*es 5&ace at constant 4o&(me +ith the 5ress(re increasin' to ?00 =Ba. The third 5rocess to the )e'innin' o7 the 7irst 5rocess. S*etch the c,c&e on B84 coordinates, and ca&c(&ate the net +or* trans7er. >"?A :. 1a2 a*e an ener', ana&,sis o7 the steam noKK&e and heat exchan'er. 1)2 Re7ri'erant 4a5o(r enters the condenser o7 a re7ri'eration 5&ant +ith entha&5, 223.7D =;<*' and &ea4es +ith entha&5, ?:.? =;<*'. Coo&in' +ater enters at "D0C and &ea4es at 200C. Ca&c(&ate the mass 7&o+ rate o7 +ater 5er (nit 7&o+ rate o7 re7ri'erant. Ta*e 7or +ater C5 9 :."8? =;<='8=. >8@8A

D. 1a2 List o(t di77erent co&orimeters (sed to 7ind the 0(a&it, o7 +et steam, Ex5&ain an, one o7 them. 1)2 In a steam en'ine the steam at the )e'innin' o7 the ex5ansion 5rocess is at 7 )ar, dr,ness 7raction 0.J8 and ex5ansion 7o&&o+s the &o+ B 4"." 9 constant ,do+n to a 5ress(re o7 0.3: )ar, ca&c(&ate The +or* done d(rin' ex5ansion 5er *' o7 steam. >7@JA ?. 1a2 State the =e&4in8B&an* and C&a(si(s statements o7 the second &a+ o7 thermo8 d,namics and esta)&ish e0(i4a&ence )et+een them. 1)2 %etermine the 5o+er re0(ired to r(n a re7ri'erator that trans7ers 2000 =;<min o7 heat 7rom a coo&ed s5ace at 00C to the s(rro(ndin' atmos5here at 270C. The re7ri'erator o5erates on re4ersed Carnot c,c&e. >"0@?A 7. An en'ine +ith 200mm c,&inder diameter and 300mm stro*e +or*s on diese& c,c&e. The initia& 5ress(re and tem5erat(re o7 air (sed are " )ar and 270C. The c(t8o77 is 8M o7 the stro*e. %etermine: "

Code No: R0D2"030:

R0D

Set No. 2

1a2 Tem5erat(res and 5ress(res at a&& sa&ient 5oints 1)2 Air standard e77icienc,. 8. 1a2 3rite shoot notes on i. B, 5ass 7actor ii. %e'ree o7 sat(ration iii. Adia)atic mixin' i4. #(midi7ication 1)2 200m3 o7 air 5er min(te at "D0C %BT and 7D -ind i. R. it o7 heated air ii. 3et )(&) tem5erat(re o7 heated air iii. #eat added to air 5er min(te >"?A

>8@8A

Code No: R0D2"030:

R0D

Set No. :

II B.Tech I Semester Examinations,No4em)er 20"0 T#ER $%!NA ICS Common to echanica& En'ineerin', A(tomo)i&e En'ineerin' Time: 3 ho(rs ax ar*s: 80 Ans+er an, -I.E /(estions A&& /(estions carr, e0(a& mar*s ". An en'ine +ith 200mm c,&inder diameter and 300mm stro*e +or*s on diese& c,c&e. The initia& 5ress(re and tem5erat(re o7 air (sed are " )ar and 270C. The c(t8o77 is 8M o7 the stro*e. %etermine: 1a2 Tem5erat(res and 5ress(res at a&& sa&ient 5oints 1)2 Air standard e77icienc,. >"?A 2. 1a2 Ex5&ain the im5ortant com5onents o7 a sim5&e 4a5o(r com5ression re7ri'era8 tion s,stem. A&so disc(ss the 7(nctions o7 each com5onent. 1)2 %isc(ss the e77ect o7 s() coo&in' on C.$.B.o7 the 4a5o(r com5ression re7ri'er8 ation c,c&e. 3o(&d ,o( deri4e &ar'e s() coo&in' and +h,6 >8@8A 3. 1a2 List o(t di77erent co&orimeters (sed to 7ind the 0(a&it, o7 +et steam, Ex5&ain an, one o7 them. CNIT I. 1)2 In a steam en'ine the steam at the )e'innin' o7 the ex5ansion 5rocess is at 7 )ar, dr,ness 7raction 0.J8 and ex5ansion 7o&&o+s the &o+ B 4"." 9 constant ,do+n to a 5ress(re o7 0.3: )ar, ca&c(&ate The +or* done d(rin' ex5ansion 5er *' o7 steam. >7@JA :. 1a2 a*e an ener', ana&,sis o7 the steam noKK&e and heat exchan'er.CNIT II 1)2 Re7ri'erant 4a5o(r enters the condenser o7 a re7ri'eration 5&ant +ith entha&5, 223.7D =;<*' and &ea4es +ith entha&5, ?:.? =;<*'. Coo&in' +ater enters at "D0C and &ea4es at 200C. Ca&c(&ate the mass 7&o+ rate o7 +ater 5er (nit 7&o+ rate o7 re7ri'erant. Ta*e 7or +ater C5 9 :."8? =;<='8=. >8@8A D. 1a2 %ed(ce the re&ation shi5 )et+een a)so&(te tem5erat(re and 5ress(re in an 5o&,tro5ic 5rocess. CNIT II 1)2 0.3m3 o7 air at 5ress(re 8 )ars ex5ands to ".Dm3 . The 7ina& 5ress(re is ".3 )ar. Ass(min' the ex5ansion to )e 5o&,tro5ic, ca&c(&ate the heat s(55&ied and chan'e o7 interna& ener',. Ta*e 9 ".: >7@JA

?. A c,c&e consists o7 three 5rocesses. The 7irst is a constant 5ress(re com5ression at 200 =Ba 7rom an initia& 4o&(me o7 0.7 m3 to a 7ina& 4o&(me o7 0.2 m3. The second 5rocess ta*es 5&ace at constant 4o&(me +ith the 5ress(re increasin' to ?00 =Ba. The third 5rocess to the )e'innin' o7 the 7irst 5rocess. S*etch the c,c&e on B84 coordinates, and ca&c(&ate the net +or* trans7er. >"?A 7. 1a2 3rite shoot notes on 3

Code No: R0D2"030: i. B, 5ass 7actor ii. %e'ree o7 sat(ration iii. Adia)atic mixin' i4. #(midi7ication

R0D

Set No. :

1)2 200m3 o7 air 5er min(te at "D0C %BT and 7D -ind i. R. it o7 heated air ii. 3et )(&) tem5erat(re o7 heated air iii. #eat added to air 5er min(te

>8@8A

8. 1a2 State the =e&4in8B&an* and C&a(si(s statements o7 the second &a+ o7 thermo8 d,namics and esta)&ish e0(i4a&ence )et+een them. CNIT III 1)2 %etermine the 5o+er re0(ired to r(n a re7ri'erator that trans7ers 2000 =;<min o7 heat 7rom a coo&ed s5ace at 00C to the s(rro(ndin' atmos5here at 270C. The re7ri'erator o5erates on re4ersed Carnot c,c&e. >"0@?A

Code No: R0D2"030:

R0D

Set No. "

II B.Tech I Semester Examinations,No4em)er 20"0 T#ER $%!NA ICS Common to echanica& En'ineerin', A(tomo)i&e En'ineerin' Time: 3 ho(rs ax ar*s: 80 Ans+er an, -I.E /(estions A&& /(estions carr, e0(a& mar*s ". 1a2 %ed(ce the re&ation shi5 )et+een a)so&(te tem5erat(re and 5ress(re in an 5o&,tro5ic 5rocess. 1)2 0.3m3 o7 air at 5ress(re 8 )ars ex5ands to ".Dm3 . The 7ina& 5ress(re is ".3 )ar. Ass(min' the ex5ansion to )e 5o&,tro5ic, ca&c(&ate the heat s(55&ied and chan'e o7 interna& ener',. Ta*e 9 ".: >7@JA 2. 1a2 Ex5&ain the im5ortant com5onents o7 a sim5&e 4a5o(r com5ression re7ri'era8 tion s,stem. A&so disc(ss the 7(nctions o7 each com5onent. 1)2 %isc(ss the e77ect o7 s() coo&in' on C.$.B.o7 the 4a5o(r com5ression re7ri'er8 ation c,c&e. 3o(&d ,o( deri4e &ar'e s() coo&in' and +h,6 >8@8A 3. A c,c&e consists o7 three 5rocesses. The 7irst is a constant 5ress(re com5ression at 200 =Ba 7rom an initia& 4o&(me o7 0.7 m3 to a 7ina& 4o&(me o7 0.2 m3. The second 5rocess ta*es 5&ace at constant 4o&(me +ith the 5ress(re increasin' to ?00 =Ba. The third 5rocess to the )e'innin' o7 the 7irst 5rocess. S*etch the c,c&e on B84 coordinates, and ca&c(&ate the net +or* trans7er. >"?A :. 1a2 a*e an ener', ana&,sis o7 the steam noKK&e and heat exchan'er. 1)2 Re7ri'erant 4a5o(r enters the condenser o7 a re7ri'eration 5&ant +ith entha&5, 223.7D =;<*' and &ea4es +ith entha&5, ?:.? =;<*'. Coo&in' +ater enters at "D0C and &ea4es at 200C. Ca&c(&ate the mass 7&o+ rate o7 +ater 5er (nit 7&o+ rate o7 re7ri'erant. Ta*e 7or +ater C5 9 :."8? =;<='8=. >8@8A D. 1a2 State the =e&4in8B&an* and C&a(si(s statements o7 the second &a+ o7 thermo8 d,namics and esta)&ish e0(i4a&ence )et+een them. 1)2 %etermine the 5o+er re0(ired to r(n a re7ri'erator that trans7ers 2000 =;<min o7 heat 7rom a coo&ed s5ace at 00C to the s(rro(ndin' atmos5here at 270C. The re7ri'erator o5erates on re4ersed Carnot c,c&e. >"0@?A

?. 1a2 3rite shoot notes on i. B, 5ass 7actor ii. %e'ree o7 sat(ration iii. Adia)atic mixin' i4. #(midi7ication 1)2 200m3 o7 air 5er min(te at "D0C %BT and 7D -ind i. R. it o7 heated air D

Code No: R0D2"030:

R0D

Set No. "

ii. 3et )(&) tem5erat(re o7 heated air iii. #eat added to air 5er min(te

>8@8A

7. 1a2 List o(t di77erent co&orimeters (sed to 7ind the 0(a&it, o7 +et steam, Ex5&ain an, one o7 them. 1)2 In a steam en'ine the steam at the )e'innin' o7 the ex5ansion 5rocess is at 7 )ar, dr,ness 7raction 0.J8 and ex5ansion 7o&&o+s the &o+ B 4"." 9 constant ,do+n to a 5ress(re o7 0.3: )ar, ca&c(&ate The +or* done d(rin' ex5ansion 5er *' o7 steam. >7@JA 8. An en'ine +ith 200mm c,&inder diameter and 300mm stro*e +or*s on diese& c,c&e. The initia& 5ress(re and tem5erat(re o7 air (sed are " )ar and 270C. The c(t8o77 is 8M o7 the stro*e. %etermine: 1a2 Tem5erat(res and 5ress(res at a&& sa&ient 5oints 1)2 Air standard e77icienc,. >"?A

Code No: R0D2"030:

R0D

Set No. 3

II B.Tech I Semester Examinations,No4em)er 20"0 T#ER $%!NA ICS Common to echanica& En'ineerin', A(tomo)i&e En'ineerin' Time: 3 ho(rs ax ar*s: 80 Ans+er an, -I.E /(estions A&& /(estions carr, e0(a& mar*s ". 1a2 State the =e&4in8B&an* and C&a(si(s statements o7 the second &a+ o7 thermo8 d,namics and esta)&ish e0(i4a&ence )et+een them. 1)2 %etermine the 5o+er re0(ired to r(n a re7ri'erator that trans7ers 2000 =;<min o7 heat 7rom a coo&ed s5ace at 00C to the s(rro(ndin' atmos5here at 270C. The re7ri'erator o5erates on re4ersed Carnot c,c&e. >"0@?A 2. An en'ine +ith 200mm c,&inder diameter and 300mm stro*e +or*s on diese& c,c&e. The initia& 5ress(re and tem5erat(re o7 air (sed are " )ar and 270C. The c(t8o77 is 8M o7 the stro*e. %etermine: 1a2 Tem5erat(res and 5ress(res at a&& sa&ient 5oints 1)2 Air standard e77icienc,. >"?A 3. 1a2 List o(t di77erent co&orimeters (sed to 7ind the 0(a&it, o7 +et steam, Ex5&ain an, one o7 them. 1)2 In a steam en'ine the steam at the )e'innin' o7 the ex5ansion 5rocess is at 7 )ar, dr,ness 7raction 0.J8 and ex5ansion 7o&&o+s the &o+ B 4"." 9 constant ,do+n to a 5ress(re o7 0.3: )ar, ca&c(&ate The +or* done d(rin' ex5ansion 5er *' o7 steam. >7@JA :. 1a2 %ed(ce the re&ation shi5 )et+een a)so&(te tem5erat(re and 5ress(re in an 5o&,tro5ic 5rocess. 1)2 0.3m3 o7 air at 5ress(re 8 )ars ex5ands to ".Dm3 . The 7ina& 5ress(re is ".3 )ar. Ass(min' the ex5ansion to )e 5o&,tro5ic, ca&c(&ate the heat s(55&ied and chan'e o7 interna& ener',. Ta*e 9 ".: >7@JA D. 1a2 a*e an ener', ana&,sis o7 the steam noKK&e and heat exchan'er. 1)2 Re7ri'erant 4a5o(r enters the condenser o7 a re7ri'eration 5&ant +ith entha&5, 223.7D =;<*' and &ea4es +ith entha&5, ?:.? =;<*'. Coo&in' +ater enters at "D0C and &ea4es at 200C. Ca&c(&ate the mass 7&o+ rate o7 +ater 5er (nit 7&o+ rate o7 re7ri'erant. Ta*e 7or +ater C5 9 :."8? =;<='8=. >8@8A ?. 1a2 Ex5&ain the im5ortant com5onents o7 a sim5&e 4a5o(r com5ression re7ri'era8

tion s,stem. A&so disc(ss the 7(nctions o7 each com5onent. 1)2 %isc(ss the e77ect o7 s() coo&in' on C.$.B.o7 the 4a5o(r com5ression re7ri'er8 ation c,c&e. 3o(&d ,o( deri4e &ar'e s() coo&in' and +h,6 >8@8A 7. 1a2 3rite shoot notes on 7

Code No: R0D2"030: i. B, 5ass 7actor ii. %e'ree o7 sat(ration iii. Adia)atic mixin' i4. #(midi7ication

R0D

Set No. 3

1)2 200m3 o7 air 5er min(te at "D0C %BT and 7D -ind i. R. it o7 heated air ii. 3et )(&) tem5erat(re o7 heated air iii. #eat added to air 5er min(te

>8@8A

8. A c,c&e consists o7 three 5rocesses. The 7irst is a constant 5ress(re com5ression at 200 =Ba 7rom an initia& 4o&(me o7 0.7 m3 to a 7ina& 4o&(me o7 0.2 m3. The second 5rocess ta*es 5&ace at constant 4o&(me +ith the 5ress(re increasin' to ?00 =Ba. The third 5rocess to the )e'innin' o7 the 7irst 5rocess. S*etch the c,c&e on B84 coordinates, and ca&c(&ate the net +or* trans7er. >"?A

Code No: :3":"<:3":2

R07

Set No 8 "

II B.Tech I Semester Re'(&ar Examinations,No4<%ec 200J T#ER $%!NA ICS Common to echanica& En'ineerin', Aerona(tica& En'ineerin', A(tomo)i&e En'ineerin' Time: 3 ho(rs ax ar*s: 80 Ans+er an, -I.E /(estions A&& /(estions carr, e0(a& mar*s ". 1a2 Ex5&ain a heat en'ine c,c&e 5er7ormed ), a stead, 7&o+ s,stem +ith &ine dia8 'ram. 1Cnit III2 1)2 Sho+ ), second &a+ that the dissi5ation o7 e&ectrica& +or* into interna& ener', or heat is irre4ersi)&e. >8@8A 2. 1a2 Ener', is a 5oint 7(nction. Ex5&ain and 5ro4e. 1Cnit II2 1)2 Bro4e that heat and +or* are 5ath 7(nctions. 3. 1a2 3hat are adia)atic and diathermic +a&&s6 1Cnit II2 1)2 The 7&o+ ener', o7 0."2: m3<min o7 a 7&(id crossin' a )o(ndar, to a s,stem is "8 =3. -ind the 5ress(re at this 5oint. >?@"0A :. A 'as re7ri'eratin' s,stem (sin' air as a re7ri'erant is to +or* )et+een 8""oC and 2?oC (sin' an idea& re4ersed Bra,ton c,c&e o7 5ress(re ratio ? and minim(m 5ress(re & atm, and to maintain a &oad o7 "" tonnes. -ind 1a2 the C$B 1)2 the air 7&o+ rate in *' < s 1c2 the 4o&(me 7&o+ rate enterin' the com5ressor in m3<s and 1d2 the maxim(m and minim(m tem5erat(res o7 the c,c&e. >"?A D. -or air conditionin' a room in +inter, atmos5heric air at ? oC and re&ati4e h(midit, 22M is 7irst heated in a heatin' coi&. It is then 5assed thro('h a s5ra, +ater ti&& the re&ati4e h(midit, )ecomes J0M. The h(midi7ied air is a'ain heated sensi)&, to the conditioned state in the room at 2".DoC and 32M re&ati4e h(midit,. I7 the >8@8A

atmos5heric 5ress(re is " )ar, determine 5er *' o7 dr, air 1a2 the amo(nt o7 heat re0(ired d(rin' the 5rocess, and 1)2 the amo(nt o7 +ater e4a5orated in the s5ra, +ater (nit res5ecti4e&,. Com5(te a&so the h(midi7,in' e77icienc, o7 the s5ra, +ater (nit. B&ot the 5rocess on the 5s,chrometric chart. >"?A ?. 1a2 Ex5&ain the si'ni7icance o7 .ander +a&&s e0(ation and its &imitations 1)2 A tan* o7 4o&(me ".3 m3 is 7i&&ed +ith ar'on at ? )ar and 2?0oC. I7 the 'as +ithin the tan* chan'es its state isentro5ica&&, +hen it 7&o+s 7rom the tan* (nti& the 5ress(re dro5s to the atmos5heric 5ress(re o7 " )ar, determine the mass o7 the 'as that has &e7t the tan* d(rin' the 5rocess. >?@"0A "

Code No: :3":"<:3":2

R07

Set No 8 "

7. A d(a& com)(stion c,c&e o5erates +ith a 4o&(metric com5ression ratio r* 9 "2, and +ith a c(t8o77 ratio ".?"D. The maxim(m 5ress(re is 'i4en ), Bmax 9 D: B" +here B" is the 5ress(re )e7ore com5ression. Ass(min' indices o7 com5ression and ex5ansion o7 ".3D, sho+ that the m.e.5. o7 the c,c&e Bm9 "0 B" #ence e4a&(ate 1a2 tem5erat(res at cardina& 5oints +ith T" 9 33D =, and 1)2 c,c&e e77icienc,. 8. 1a2 3hat is norma& )oi&in' 5oint and ex5&ain its si'ni7icance. 1)2 Steam 7&o+s in a 5i5e &ine at ".D 5a. A7ter ex5andin' to 0." 5a in thrott&in' ca&orimeter, the tem5erat(re is 7o(nd to )e "200 C. -ind the 0(a&it, o7 steam in the 5i5e &ine. 3hat is the maxim(m moist(re at ".D 5a that can )e determined +ith this set8(5 it at &east D 0c o7 s(5er heat is re0(ired a7ter thrott&in' 7or acc(rate readin's6 >?@"0A >"?A

Code No: :3":"<:3":2

R07

Set No 8 2

II B.Tech I Semester Re'(&ar Examinations,No4<%ec 200J T#ER $%!NA ICS Common to echanica& En'ineerin', Aerona(tica& En'ineerin', A(tomo)i&e En'ineerin' Time: 3 ho(rs ax ar*s: 80 Ans+er an, -I.E /(estions A&& /(estions carr, e0(a& mar*s ". A s&o+8s5eed reci5rocatin' air com5ressor +ith a +ater Eac*et 7or coo&in' a55roxi8 mates a 0(asi8static com5ression 5rocess 7o&&o+in' a 5ath 54".3D 9 constant. I7 air enters at a tem5erat(re o7 23oC and a 5ress(re o7 "." )ar, and is com5ressed to ?.D )ar at a rate o7 "0D0 *'<h, determine the dischar'e tem5erat(re o7 air, the 5o+er re0(ired and the heat trans7erred 5er *'. >"?A 2. 1a2 %emonstrate, (sin' the second &a+, that 7ree ex5ansion is irre4ersi)&e. 1)2 A domestic 7ood 7reeKer maintains a tem5erat(re o7 8"D0 C +ith am)ient tem8 5erat(re o7 300C. I7 heat &ea*s into he 7reeKer at the contin(o(s rate o7 ".7D *;<s, 3hat is the &east 5o+er necessar, to 5(m5 this heat o(t contin(o(s&,. >8@8A 3. 1a2 3hat is an air standard c,c&e6 3h, are s(ch c,c&es concei4ed6 1)2 -ind the air standard e77iciencies 7or $tto c,c&es +ith a com5ression ratio o7 ? (sin' idea& 'ases ha4in' s5eci7ic heat ratios ".3D, ".:3 and ".?2. 3hat are the ad4anta'es and disad4anta'es o7 (sin' he&i(m as the +or*in' 7&(id6 >?@"0A :. 1a2 Ex5&ain microsco5ic and macrosco5ic a55roach +ith exam5&es. 1)2 A 5(m5 7orces ".2m<min o7 +ater horiKonta&&, 7rom an o5en +e&& to a c&osed tan* +here the 5ress(re is 0.J 5a. Com5(te the +or* the 5(m5 m(st do (5on the +ater in an ho(r E(st to 7orce the +ater into the tan* a'ainst the 5ress(re. >?@"0A D. Air at 28 oC, 78M R# is coo&ed ), s5ra,in' in +ater at "0 oC. This ca(ses sat(ration, 7o&&o+ed ), condensation, the mixin' )ein' ass(med to ta*e 5&ace adia)atica&&, and

the condensate )ein' drained o77 at "7.DoC. The res(&tin' sat(rated mixt(re is then heated to 5rod(ce the re0(ired conditions o7 DDM R# at 23oC. The tota& 5ress(re is constant at "0" *Ba. %etermine the mass o7 +ater s(55&ied to the s5ra,s to 5ro4ide "2 m3<h o7 conditioned air. 3hat is the heater 5o+er re0(ired6 >"?A ?. A ? ton idea& 4a5o(r com5ression re7ri'erator +or*s )et+een the condensin' 5res8 s(re o7 "2 )ar and e4a5oratin' 5ress(re o7 3.3 )ar. The re7ri'erant is dr, sat(rated 4a5o(r )e7ore it enters the com5ressor. Sat(rated &i0(id re7ri'erant enters into the ex5ansion 4a&4e 7rom the condenser. The a4era'e s5eci7ic heat o7 the s(5erheated re7ri'erant 4a5o(r at constant 5ress(re is ".7 *; <*' =. Com5(te the tem5erat(re o7 the re7ri'erant )e7ore it enters the condenser, the re7ri'eratin' e77ect 5er *' o7 re7ri'erant, the C$B, the mass 7&o+ rate o7 the re7ri'erant 5er min(te and 5o+er 3

Code No: :3":"<:3":2 in5(t into the com5ressor.

R07

Set No 8 2

The 5ro5erties o7 the re7ri'erants are: Bress(re )ar Sat. Tem5erat(re 0C Entha&5, *;<*' Entro5, *E<*' = Sat. &i0(id Sat. &i0(id Sat. 4a5o(r 1h7 2 1S7 2 1S' 2 "2 30 8:.D 0.3"2 0.J 3.3 8"2 3" 0."2D 0.JD >"?A 7. A ri'id 4esse& contains " =' o7 a mixt(re o7 sat(rated +ater and sat(rated steam at a 5ress(re o7 0."D 5a. 3hen the mixt(re is heated, the state 5asses thro('h the critica& 5oint. %etermine the 4o&(me o7 the 4esse&, the mass o7 the &i0(id and 4a5o(r in the 4esse& initia&&,, the tem5erat(re o7 the mixt(re +hen the 5ress(re has risen to 3 5a, and the heat trans7er re0(ired to 5rod(ce the 7ina& state. >"?A 8. 1a2 Ex5&ain +hat is B I6 1)2 Steam enters a steam t(r)ine +ith a 4o&ocit, o7 "? m<s and s5eci7ic entha&5, 2JJ0 *;<*'. The steam &ea4es the t(r)ine +ith a 4e&ocit, o7 37 m<s and s5eci7ic etha&5, o7 2D30 *;<*'. The heat &ost to the s(rro(ndin's is 2D *;<*' +ith the steam 7&o+ rate o7 3,?0,000 *'<+. Ca&c(&ate the t(r)ine +or* o(t5(t in *3. >:@"2A

Code No: :3":"<:3":2

R07

Set No 8 3

II B.Tech I Semester Re'(&ar Examinations,No4<%ec 200J T#ER $%!NA ICS Common to echanica& En'ineerin', Aerona(tica& En'ineerin', A(tomo)i&e En'ineerin' Time: 3 ho(rs ax ar*s: 80 Ans+er an, -I.E /(estions A&& /(estions carr, e0(a& mar*s ". 1a2 Ex5&ain the air standard $tto c,c&e +ith the he&5 B8. and T8S dia'rams. 1)2 In an $tto c,c&e, the (55er and &o+er &imits 7or a)so&(te tem5erat(res are res5ecti4e&, T3 and T". Sho+ that 7or maxim(m +or*, the ratio o7 com5ression sho(&d ha4e the 4a&(e r 9 1T3 < T"2".2D Ta*e 9 ".: >8@8A 2. 1a2 3rite the (nit o7 tem5erat(re and ex5&ain the Internationa& 7ixed 5oints.1Cnit II2 1)2 Ex5&ain in detai& the idea& 'as tem5erat(re sca&e. >8@8A 3. T+o containers 5 and 0 +ith ri'id +a&&s contain t+o di77erent monoatomic 'ases +ith masses m5 and m0 'as constants R5 and R0 , and initia& tem5erat(res T5 and res5ecti4e&,, are )ro('ht in contact +ith each other and a&&o+ed to exchan'e T0
ener', (nti& e0(i&i)ri(m is achie4ed. %etermine: 1a2 the 7ina& tem5erat(re o7 the t+o 'ases and 1)2 the chan'e o7 entro5, d(e to this ener', exchan'e. :. 1a2 Sho+ that the adia)atic mixin' o7 t+o 7&(ids is irre4ersi)&e. 1Cnit III2 1)2 Sho+ that i7 t+o )odies o7 therma& ca5acities C >"?A

and C2 at tem5erat(res T" and T2 are )ro('ht to the same tem5erat(re, T ), means o7 a re4ersi)&e heat en'ine, then In T9 C" &n T " @C 2 &n T 2 >8@8A
"

C" @C2

D. 1a2 3hat are the ad4anta'es and disad4anta'es o7 air re7ri'eration s,stems o4er 52 the other6 1)2 %etermine the tem5erat(re ratio 1T2 < T"2 1+here T2 9 so(rce tem5erat(re and T" 9 sin* tem5erat(re2 7or a Carnot re7ri'erator +hose C$B is D. A&so ca&c(&ate the re7ri'eration ca5acit, o7 the machine in tons o7 re7ri'eration i7 the 5o+er cons(m5tion is 8 *3. I7 the c,c&e is (sed as heat 5(m5, 7ind the

C$B 7or heatin' c,c&e and the 0(antit, o7 heat 5(m5ed ass(min' same tem5erat(re ran'e. >?@"0A N ?. 1a2 Sho+ that the +or* done d(rin' a 7&o+ 5rocess is H 4d5 1Cnit II2
5"

1)2 A certain mass o7 s(&5h(r dioxide 1S022 is contained in a 4esse& o7 0.":D m3 ca5acit,, at a 5ress(re and tem5erat(re o7 2:.2 )ar and 20oC res5ecti4e&,. A D

Code No: :3":"<:3":2

R07

Set No 8 3

4a&4e is o5ened momentari&, and the 5ress(re 7a&&s immediate&, to 7.8 )ar. Sometime &ater the tem5erat(re is a'ain 20oC and the 5ress(re is o)ser4ed to )e "0.2 )ar. Estimate the 4a&(e o7 s5eci7ic heat ratio. >?@"0A 7. 1a2 3hat is 5rinci5&e o7 o5eration o7 an e&ectria& ca&orimeter6 1)2 A 4esse& o7 0.0: m3 contains a mixt(re o7 sat(rated +ater and sat(rated steam at a tem5erat(re o7 2D0 0C. The mass o7 the &i0(id 5resent is J ='. -ind the 5ress(re, the mass, the s5eci7ic 4o&(me, the entha&5,, the entro5, and interna& ener', (sin' steam ta)&e on&,. >?@"0A 8. 1a2 Ex5&ain the +or* interaction )et+een a s,stem and the s(rro(ndin's. 1)2 The 5istion o7 an oi& en'ine, o7 area 0.00:D m2, mo4es do+n+ards 7D mm, dra+in' in 0.0028 m3 o7 7resh air 7rom the atmos5here. The 5ress(re in the c,&inder is (ni7orm d(rin' the 5rocess at 80 *Ba, +hi&e the atmos5heric 5res8 s(re is "0".32D *Ba, the di77erence )ein' d(e to the 7&o+ resistance in the ind(ction 5i5e and the in&et 4a&4e. Estimate the dis5&acement +or* done ), the air 7ina&&, in the c,&inder. >?@"0A

Code No: :3":"<:3":2

R07

Set No 8 :

II B.Tech I Semester Re'(&ar Examinations,No4<%ec 200J T#ER $%!NA ICS Common to echanica& En'ineerin', Aerona(tica& En'ineerin', A(tomo)i&e En'ineerin' Time: 3 ho(rs ax ar*s: 80 Ans+er an, -I.E /(estions A&& /(estions carr, e0(a& mar*s ". T+o tan*s are connected ), a 4a&4e. $ne tan* contains ".D *' o7 C$ 'as at 7D oC and 0.J )ar. The other tan* ho&ds 7.D *' o7 the same 'as at 2DoC and ".: )ar. The 4a&4e is o5ened and the 'ases are a&&o+ed to mix +hi&e recei4in' ener', ), heat trans7er 7rom the s(rro(ndin's. The 7ina& e0(i&i)ri(m tem5erat(re is :DoC. Csin' the idea& 'as mode&, determine 1a2 the 7ina& e0(i&i)ri(m 5ress(re, 1)2 the heat trans7er 7or the 5rocess. >"?A

2. 1a2 %e7ine the s5eci7ic heats at constant 4o&(me and at constant 5ress(re. 1)2 ".D =' o7 &i0(id ha4in' a constant s5eci7ic heat o7 2.D =;<*' = is stirred in a +e&& ins(&ated cham)er ca(sin' the termerat(re to rise ), "D0C. -ind the chan'e in the interna& ener', and +ot* done 7or the 5rocess. >?@"0A 3. 1a2 3hat do ,o( (nderstand ), the terms re7ri'eration e77ect and ton o7 re7ri'er8 ation6 1)2 An idea& re7ri'eration s,stem +or*in' on Carnot c,c&e o5erates )et+een the tem5erat(re &imits o7 82D oC and 30oC. -ind the idea& C$B and the 5o+er re0(ired 7rom an externa& so(rce to a)sor) : *3 at &o+ tem5erat(re. I7 the s,stem o5erates as a heat 5(m5, determine the C$B and the 5o+er re0(ired to dischar'e : *3 at hi'h tem5erat(re. >?@"0A :. The (s(a& coo*in' 'as 1most&, methane2 c,c&inder is a)o(t 20 cm in diameter and "00 cm in hei'ht. It is char'ed to "".D Ba at room tem5erat(re o7 2D oC. 1a2 Ass(min' the idea& 'as &a+, 7ind the mass o7 'as 7i&&ed in the c,c&inder. 1)2 Ex5&ain ho+ the act(a& c,c&inder contains near&, "D *' o7 'as. 1c2 I7 the c,&inder is to )e 5rotected a'ainst excessi4e 5ress(re ),

means o7 a 7(si)&e 5&(', at +hat tem5erat(re sho(&d the 5&(' me&t to &imit the maxim(m 5ress(re to "D Ba6 >"?A D. 1a2 %isti'(ish )et+een o5en s,stem and c&osed s,stem. 1Cnit I2 1)2 A 'as at a 5ress(re o7 "38 *N<m2 is ha4in' 4o&(me o7 0.""2 m3. It is com8 5ressed to ?J0 *N<m2 accordin' to the &a+ 54".:9constant. Ca&c(ate the 7ina& 4o&(me o7 the 'as. >?@"0A ?. 1a2 Ex5&ain +ith the he&5 o7 a &ine dia'ram the c,c&ic re7ri'eration 5a&nt.1Cnit III2 7

Code No: :3":"<:3":2

R07

Set No 8 :

1)2 Bro4e the e0(i4a&ence o7 =e&4in 5&anc* and c&a(si(s statement. >8@8A 7. T+o streams o7 steam one at 2 5a, 3000 C and the other at 2 5a, :000 C mix in a sted, 7&o+ adia)atic 5rocess. The rates o7 7&o+ o7 the t+o streams are 3 ='<min, 2*'<min res5ecti4e&,. E4a&(ate the 7ina& tem5erat(re o7 the emer'in' stream, i7 there is no 5ress(re dro5 d(e to the mixin' 5rocess. 3hat +o(&d )e the rate o7 increase in the entro5, o7 the (ni4erse6 This stream +ith a ne'&i'i)&e 4e&ocit, no+ ex5ands adia)atica&&, in a noKK&e to a 5ress(re o7 "=5a. Ca&c(&ate the exit 4e&ocit, o7 the stream and the exit area o7 the noKK&e. >"?A 8. -or an air standard $tto c,c&e +ith 7ixed inta*e and maxim(m tem5erat(res, T" and T3, 7ind the com5ression ratio that renders the net +or* 5er c,c&e a maxim(m. %eri4e the ex5ression 7or c,c&e e77icienc, at this com5ression ratio. I7 the air inta*e tem5erat(re, T", is 30D = and the maxim(m c,c&e tem5erat(re, T3, is "300 =, com5(te the com5ression ratio 7or maxim(m net +or*, maxim(m +or* o(t5(t 5er *' in a c,c&e, and the corres5ondin' c,c&e e77icienc,. -ind the chan'es in +or* o(t5(t and c,c&e e77icienc, +hen the com5ression ratio is increased 7rom this o5tim(m 4a&(e to 8. Ta*e C4 9 0.7"8 *;<*' =. >"?A

Code No: 07A3EC08

Set No. "

II B.Tech I Semester Re'(&ar Examinations, No4em)er 2008 T#ER $%!NA ICS 1 Common to echanica& En'ineerin', Aerona(tica& En'ineerin' and A(tomo)i&e En'ineerin'2 Time: 3 ho(rs ax ar*s: 80 Ans+er an, -I.E /(estions A&& /(estions carr, e0(a& mar*s ". 1a2 Ex5&ain the contro& 4o&(me and its si'ni7icance. 1Cnit I2 1)2 I7 a 'as o7 4o&(me ?000 cm3 and at a 5ress(re o7 "00 *Ba, is com5ressed 0(asistatica&&, to 5.29constant (nti& the 4o&(me )ecomes 2000 cm3. Ca&c(ate the 7ina& 5ress(re and the +or* trans7er. >?@"0A 2. 1a2 Constant 5ress(re 'as thermometer8ex5&ain in detai&.1Cnit II2 1)2 The readin's tA and tB o7 t+o ce&si(s thermometers A and B a'ree +e&& at ice 5oint 100 C2 and steam 5oint 1"0002. At other 5oints )et+een these t+o, the tem5erat(res are re&ated ), tA95@0tB @rt2 B , 3here 5,0 and r are constants. 3hen the t+o thermometers are immersed in a +e&& stirred oi& )ath, +hi&e A reads D", B reads D0. i. %etermine +hat A reads +hen B reads 30. ii. %isc(ss the 0(estion o7 +hich thermometer is correct. >?@"0A 3. 1a2 Ex5&ain the ca(ses o7 Irre4eris)i&it,.1Cnit III2 1)2 An in4ertor c&aims to ha4e de4e&o5ed an en'ine that ta*es in "0D ; at a tem5erat(re o7 :00*, reEets :2 ; at a tem5erat(re o7 200 *, and de&i4ers "D =+h o7 mechanica& +or*. Listin' o(t a&& the reasons, s(''est ,o(r ad4ice in4entin' mone, to 5(t this en'ine in the mar*et. >8@8A

:. 1a2 Ex5&ain the si'ni7icance o7 Tri55&e 5oint in case o7 5(re s()stance. 1)2 Ex5&ain in detai& the 7ormation o7 steam +ith the he&5 o7 T8# dia'ram indi8 catin' the sa&ient 5oints. >8@8A D. An idea& 'as c,c&e o7 three 5rocesses (ses Ar'on 1 o&. +t.:02 as a +or*in' s()stance. Brocess "82 is a re4ersi)&e adia)atic ex5ansion 7rom 0.0"D m3, ?D0 *Ba, 270oC to 0.0?? m3. Brocess 283 is a re4ersi)&e isotherma& 5rocess. Brocess 38" is a constant 5ress(re 5rocess in +hich heat trans7er is Kero. S*etch the c,c&e in the 584 and T8s 5&anes, and 7ind 1a2 the +or* trans7er in 5rocess "82, 1)2 the +or* trans7er in 5rocess 283, and 1c2 the net +or* o7 the c,c&e. Ta*e 9 ".?7. >"?A

" o7 2

Code No: 07A3EC08

Set No. "

?. A 4esse& is di4ided into three com5artments 1a2, 1)2, and 1c2 ), t+o 5artitions. Bart 1a2 contains $x,'en and has a 4o&(me o7 0."D m3, 1)2 has a 4o&(me o7 0.2D m3 and 3 contains Nitro'en, +hi&e 1c2 is 0.0D m and ho&ds Car)on diaoxide. A&& three 5arts are at a 5ress(re o7 2.D )ar and a tem5erat(re o7 "D0C. 3hen the 5artitions are remo4ed and the 'ases mix, determine the chan'e o7 entro5, o7 each constit(ent, the 7ina& 5ress(re in the 4esse& and the 5artia& 5ress(re o7 each 'as. The 4esse& ma, )e ta*en as )ein' com5&ete&, iso&ated 7rom its s(rro(ndin's. >"?A 7. 1a2 3hat are c,c&ic and non8c,c&ic heat en'ines6 Ii4e exam5&es. 1)2 State the 7o(r 5rocesses that constit(te the Ericsson c,c&e. Sho+ that the re8 'enerati4e Ericsson c,c&e has the same e77icienc, as the Carnot c,c&e. ention the merits and demerits o7 the Stir&in' and Ericsson c,c&es. >?@"0A 8. -or an idea& 4a5or8com5ression re7ri'eratin' s,stem (sin' R"3:a and dr, com5res8 sion, the re7ri'erated re'ion is to )e *e5t at 3oC, and the am)ient air to +hich heat is reEected is at 30oC. The rate o7 heat remo4a& 7rom the re7ri'erated re'ion is 200 *;<min. A minim(m tem5erat(re di77erence o7 "0 de'ree Ce&si(s is to )e maintained 7or heat trans7er at the condenser and at the e4a5orator. -or a 7ixed condensation tem5erat(re o7 :0oC, 5&ot coe77icient o7 5er7ormance and re7ri'erant 7&o+ rate 4ers(s tem5erat(re di77erence )et+een the e4a5oratin' re7ri'erant and the re7ri'erated s5ace in the ran'e o7 "0 de'ree Ce&si(s to 30 de'ree Ce&si(s. >"?A

2 o7 2

Code No: 07A3EC08

Set No. 2

II B.Tech I Semester Re'(&ar Examinations, No4em)er 2008 T#ER $%!NA ICS 1 Common to echanica& En'ineerin', Aerona(tica& En'ineerin' and A(tomo)i&e En'ineerin'2 Time: 3 ho(rs ax ar*s: 80 Ans+er an, -I.E /(estions A&& /(estions carr, e0(a& mar*s ". 1a2 Ener', is a 5oint 7(nction. Ex5&ain and 5ro4e. 1Cnit I 2 1)2 Bro4e that heat and +or* are 5ath 7(nctions. >8@8A

2. 1a2 State the 7irst &a+ o7 thermod,namics and 5ro4e that 7or non 7&o+ 5rocess it &eads to /93@C. 1Cnit II2 1)2 %e7ine B I and the re&e4ance o7 it. >8@8A 3. 1a2 Sho+ that the C$B o7 heat 5(m5 is 'reater than the C$B o7 a re7ri'erator ), (nit,. 1Cnit III2 1)2 Bro4e that the e77icienc, o7 a re4ersi)&e en'ine o5eratin' )et+een t+o 'i4en constant tem5erat(res is the maxim(m. >8@8A :. 1a2 3h, cannot a thrott&in' ca&orimeter meas(re the 0(a&it, i7 the steam is 4er, +et6 1Cnit I.2 1)2 -ind the entha&5,, entro5, and 4o&(me o7 steam at ".: steam ta)&es on&,. 5a, 3800 C. Csin' >?@"0A

D. 1a2 3rite do+n the 4an der 3aa&s e0(ation o7 state. #o+ does it di77er 7rom the idea& 'as e0(ation o7 state6 1)2 A 'as occ(5ies 0.03: m3 at ?00 *Ba and 8DoC. It is ex5anded in the non87&o+ 5rocess accordin' to the &a+ 5.".2 9 constant to a 5ress(re o7 ?0 *Ba a7ter +hich it is heated at constant 5ress(re )ac* to its ori'ina& tem5erat(re. S*etch the 5rocess on the 584 and T8s dia'rams, and ca&c(&ate 7or the +ho&e 5rocess the +or* done, the heat trans7erred. Ta*e C5 9 ".0:7 and C4 9 0.77D *;<*' = 7or the 'as. >?@"0A ?. A 'aseo(s mixt(re contains 23 M ), 4o&(me o7 Nitro'en, :DM ), 4o&(me o7 #,8 dro'en, and 32M ), 4o&(me o7 Car)on8dioxide. Ca&c(&ate the o&ec(&ar +ei'ht o7 the mixt(re, the characteristic 'as constant R 7or the mixt(re and the 4a&(e o7

the re4ersi)&e adia)atic index . 1At "0oC, the c5 4a&(es o7 Nitro'en, #,dro'en, and Car)on dioxide are ".0:, "3.JD, and 0.8D *;<*' = res5ecti4e&,.2 A c,c&in8 der contains 0.0JD m3 o7 the mixt(re at "." )ar and "0oC. The 'as (nder'oes a re4ersi)&e non87&o+ 5rocess d(rin' +hich its 4o&(me is red(ced to one87i7th o7 its ori'ina& 4a&(e. I7 the &a+ o7 com5ression is B4".2D 9 constant, determine the +or* and heat trans7ers in ma'nit(de and direction and the chan'e in entro5,. >"?A 7. 1a2 %eri4e the ex5ression 7or e77icienc, o7 air standard $tto c,c&e " o7 2

Code No: 07A3EC08

Set No. 2

1)2 An en'ine e0(i55ed +ith a c,&inder ha4in' a )ore o7 "2 cm and a stro*e o7 :0 cm o5erates on an $tto c,c&e. I7 the c&earance 4o&(me is "?00 cm3, com5(te the air standard e77icienc,. >8@8A 8. 1a2 %eri4e the ex5ression 7or C$B o7 Be&& Co&eman c,c&e +hen the com5ression and ex5ansion are isentro5ic 1)2 An air re7ri'eratin' 5&ant o5erates )et+een ".? )ar and 8 )ar. The ca5acit, o7 the 5&ant is D.D ton. The tem5erat(re o7 the air enterin' the com5ressor and into an air en'ine is 8:oC and 2JoC res5ecti4e&,. The com5ression and ex5ansion 5rocesses are 5o&,tro5ic +ith ex5onent n 9 ".3D. %etermine the C$B and the net 5o+er in5(t 7or the 5&ant. >8@8A

2 o7 2

Code No: 07A3EC08

Set No. 3

II B.Tech I Semester Re'(&ar Examinations, No4em)er 2008 T#ER $%!NA ICS 1 Common to echanica& En'ineerin', Aerona(tica& En'ineerin' and A(tomo)i&e En'ineerin'2 Time: 3 ho(rs ax ar*s: 80 Ans+er an, -I.E /(estions A&& /(estions carr, e0(a& mar*s ". 1a2 3hat do ,o( (nderstand ), state 7(nction and 5ath 7(nction6 1Cnit I2 1)2 Bro4e that +or* is a 5ath 7(nction and 5ro5erties are 5oint 7(nctions. >?@"0A 2. 1a2 3h, sho(&d s5eci7ic heat not )e de7ined in terms o7 heat trans7er6 1Cnit II2 1)2 %(rin' one c,c&e, the +or*in' 7&(id in an en'ine en'a'es in t+o +or* interac8 tions: "D =; to the 7&(id and :: =; 7rom the 7&(id, and three heat interations, t+o o7 +hich are 7D *; o7 the 7&(id and :0 =; 7rom the 7&(id. E4a&(te the ma'nit(de and direction o7 the third heat trans7er. >?@"0A 3. 1a2 Ex5&ain the conce5t o7 heat 5(m5 ea&)orate&,. 1Cnit III2 1)2 A heat en'ine 5er7orms man, c,c&es d(rin' +hich it de4e&o5s 2" *; +or* and recei4es 8D *; heat 7rom the so(rce. E4a&(ate the therma& e77icienc, and the heat reEected ), the en'ine. >8@8A :. 1a2 %e7ine sensi)&e heat and dr, steam. 1Cnit I.2 1)2 A s5herica& she&& o7 diameter D0 cm contains steam at a 5ress(re o7 :0 )ar and 0.8D dr,ness 7raction. Ca&c(&ate the mass o7 +ater and steam. >?@"0A D. 1a2 Ex5&ain the si'ni7icance o7 .ander +a&&s e0(ation and its &imitations 1)2 A tan* o7 4o&(me ".3 m3 is 7i&&ed +ith ar'on at ? )ar and 2?0oC. I7 the 'as +ithin the tan* chan'es its state isentro5ica&&, +hen it 7&o+s 7rom the tan* (nti& the 5ress(re dro5s to the atmos5heric 5ress(re o7 " )ar, determine the mass o7 the 'as that has &e7t the tan* d(rin' the 5rocess. >?@"0A ?. A s,stem consistin' o7 three tan*s, a&& interconnected ), 5i5es and 4a&4es, contains Nitro'en, $x,'en, and Ar'on. $ne tan* contains D *' o7 Nitro'en at ?D0 *Ba, 23oCO another 3.D *' o7 Ar'on at :D0 *Ba, :8oCO and the third 7 *' o7 $x,'en at 300 *Ba, 80oC. A7ter the 4a&4es are o5ened and the s,stem is a&&o+ed to come to e0(i&i)ri(m, com5(te 7or the mixt(re 1a2 the tem5erat(re

1)2 the a55arent mo&ar mass 1c2 the constant85ress(re s5eci7ic heat 1d2 the 'as constant 1e2 the 5ress(re and " o7 2

Code No: 07A3EC08 17 2 the 5artia& 5ress(re o7 each constit(ent.

Set No. 3
>"?A

7. A 7o(r 8 c,&inder 5etro& en'ine +or*in' on an air 8 standard $tto c,c&e has a s+e5t 4o&(me o7 2000 cm3 and the c&earance 4o&(me in each c,&inder is ?0 cm3. %etermine the c,c&e e77icienc,. I7 the air at the )e'innin' o7 the com5ression stro*e is at "00 *5a and 300*, and the maxim(m c,c&e tem5erat(re is "?D0 *, determine the mean e77ecti4e 5ress(re o7 the c,c&e. >"?A 8. A R8"2 4a5o(r com5ression re7ri'eration s,stem is o5eratin' at a condenser 5res8 s(re o7 "0 )ar and an e4a5orator 5ress(re o7 2.2 )ar. Its re7ri'eration ca5acit, is ": tonnes. The 4a&(es o7 entha&5, at the in&et and o(t&et o7 the e4a5orator are ?D0 and 200 *;<*'. The s5eci7ic 4o&(me at in&et to the reci5rocatin' com5ressor is 0.08D m3<*'. The index o7 com5ression 7or the com5ressor is "."D. %etermine: 1a2 the 5o+er in5(t in *3 re0(ired 7or the com5ressor and 1)2 the C$B. Ta*e " tonne o7 re7ri'eration as e0(i4a&ent to heat remo4a& at the rate o7 3.D"7 *3. >"?A

2 o7 2

Code No: 07A3EC08

Set No. :

II B.Tech I Semester Re'(&ar Examinations, No4em)er 2008 T#ER $%!NA ICS 1 Common to echanica& En'ineerin', Aerona(tica& En'ineerin' and A(tomo)i&e En'ineerin'2 Time: 3 ho(rs ax ar*s: 80 Ans+er an, -I.E /(estions A&& /(estions carr, e0(a& mar*s ". 1a2 %i77erentiate the c,c&ic 5rocess and non c,c&ic 5rocess.1Cnit I2 1)2 A 4ac((m 'a('e connected to a tan* reads 30 =5a at a &ocation +here the )arometer reads 7DD mm #'. Ca&c(ate the a)so&(te 5ress(re in the tan* ass(min' densit, o7 #' to )e "3,DJ0 *'<m3. >?@"0A 2. 1a2 %eri4e the ex5ression 7or sted, 7&o+ ener', e0(ation.1Cnit II2 1)2 A )&o+er hand&es " *'<sec o7 air at 20 0C and cons(mes a 5o+er o7 "D *+. The in&et and o(t&et 4e&ocities o7 air are "00 m<s and "D0 m<s res5ecti4e&,. -ind the exit air tem5erat(re, ass(min' adia)atic conditions. >8@8A 3. 1a2 State and 5ro4e carnot theorems. 1Cnit III2 1)2 A rer4ersi)&e re4ersed heat en'ine o5erates )et+een 8"3 0C and 370 C. Ca&c(8 &ate its coe77icient o7 5er7ormance as a re7ri'erator and as a heat 5(m5. >8@8A :. 1a2 3h, do the iso)ars on mo&&ier dia'ram di4er'e 7rom one another6 1Cnit I.2 1)2 -ind the entha&5, and entro5, o7 steam +hen the 5ress(re is 2 5a and the s5eci7ic 4o&(me is 0.0J m3<*'. Cse the steam ta)&e on&,. >?@"0A D. A 'as in a c,&inder 7itted +ith a 5iston (nder'oes a c,c&e com5osed o7 three 5rocesses. -irst, the 'as ex5ands at constant 5ress(re +ith a heat addition o7 :2.0 *; and a +or* o(t5(t o7 "2.0 *;. Then it is coo&ed at constant 4o&(me ), a remo4a& o7 :8 *; o7 heat. -ina&&,, an adia)atic 5rocess restores the 'as to its initia& state. %etermine 1a2 the +or* o7 the adia)atic 5rocess and 1)2 the stored ener', o7 the 'as at each o7 the other t+o states i7 its stored ener', in the initia& state is assi'ned the 4a&(e o7 Kero. >"?A ?. The n(m)er o7 mo&es, the 5ress(res, and the tem5erat(res o7 'ases a, ), and c are 'i4en as 7o&&o+s Ias m 1*' mo&2 5 1*Ba2 t 10C2 N2 " 330 JD C$ 3 :"0 "J0 $2 2 ?80 28D I7 the containers are connected, a&&o+in' the 'ases to mix 7ree&,, 7ind 1a2 the 5ress(re and tem5erat(re o7 the res(&tin' mixt(re at e0(i&i)ri(m, and

" o7 2

Code No: 07A3EC08

Set No. :

1)2 the chan'e o7 entro5, o7 each constit(ent and that o7 the mixt(re. >"?A 7. 1a2 3hat is an air standard c,c&e6 3h, are s(ch c,c&es concei4ed6 1)2 -ind the air standard e77iciencies 7or $tto c,c&es +ith a com5ression ratio o7 ? (sin' idea& 'ases ha4in' s5eci7ic heat ratios ".3D, ".:3 and ".?2. 3hat are the ad4anta'es and disad4anta'es o7 (sin' he&i(m as the +or*in' 7&(id6 >?@"0A 8. A 7ood87reeKin' s,stem re0(ires 22 tonnes o7 re7ri'eration at an e4a5orator tem8 5erat(re o7 8 30oC and a condenser tem5erat(re o7 27oC. The re7ri'erant, R8 "2, is s()coo&ed 3oC )e7ore enterin' the ex5ansion 4a&4e, and the 4a5o(r is s(5erheated :oC )e7ore &ea4in' the e4a5orator. A six8c,&inder sin'&e8actin' com5ressor +ith stro*e e0(a& to )ore is to )e (sed, o5eratin' at "DD0 r5m. %etermine 1a2 the re7ri'eratin' e77ect 1)2 the re7ri'erant 7&o+ rate 1c2 the theoretica& 5iston dis5&acement 5er sec 1d2 the theoretica& 5o+er re0(ired in *3 1e2 the C$B 17 2 the heat remo4ed in the condenser, and 1'2 the )ore and stro*e o7 the com5ressor. >"?A

2 o7 2