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PERIODIC EVALUATION EXAMINATION 1 TOPIC d! Noi"e# Mod$%ation and &ave Pro'agation COMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING

INSTRUCTION Select the correct answer for each of the following questions. Mark only one answer for each item by shading the box corresponding to the letter of your choice on the answer sheet provided. STRICTL( NO ERASURES ALLO&ED. Use pencil no. 2 only. 1. diode noise generator is required to produce 1! u" of noise in a receiver with an input impedance of #$ ohms and a noise power bandwidth of 2!! %&'. (hat is the expected current through the diode be in m ) a. !.2#* b. !.!!!1++ c. 2#* d. 12.+, 2. (hich of the following indicates -no gain. no loss/) a. ! d0 b. 1 d0 c. ! d. ! d0m (hich of the following operations can be directly performed) a. d0m1d0m b. d02d0 c. 3d043d04 d. d0f 2 d0 (hat is the output after sending a $ d0m signal through an 5$6 efficient link and another that contributes +26 power loss) a. !.5* m( b. !.7# m( c. 1.5+ m( d. +.15 m( a. c. *. 2 d0( signal is fed to a three2output port power splitter. 8ind the power level at each output port !.*# d0( b. 21.#, d0( 1. d0( d. 22.## d0w

+.

,.

$.

9hermal noise. atmospheric noise and cosmic noise are collectively called..... a. :xternal noise b. ;ndestructible noise c. <atural noise d. Steady noise a. c. summary of worldwide atmospheric noise levels is contained in..... ==;> >eport + +2! b. ==;> >eport +21 ==;> >eport +22 d. ==;> >eport +22+

#.

5.

(hat is the result if a balanced modulator is not perfectly balanced) a. S0 filtered b. ?ow sideband transmitted c. =arrier transmitted d. 0oth sideband transmitted =alculate the output signal2to2noise ratio 3S<>4 for four identical links if the S<> for any one link is ,! d0 a. +, d0 b. +* d0 c. Still ,! d0 d. ,* d0

7.

1!. 9he noise figure of an amplifier is , d0. 8ind the output S<> when the input S<> is ,2 d0 a. +* d0 b. +5 d0 c. ,! d0 d. ,* d0 11. 9he ideal noise factor is ... a. ! c. 1! b. d. 1

12. 8ind the noise factor for an attenuator pad having an insertion loss of 12 d0 a. 1,.5 b. 1$.5 c. 1*., d. 15.$ 1+. (hat other term is synonymous with beating) a. heterodyning b. c. suppressing d. 1,. a. c.

eliminating filtering

superheterodyne is tuned to 2#+5 %&'. 9he ;8 is ,#$ %&' and the @2factor is +!. (hat is the image frequency) +.!7 M&' b. ,+5$ %&' ,.$ %&' d. +*55 %&'

1$. (hich of the following is not an extraterrestrial noise) a. tmospheric noise b. =osmic noise c. Aalactic noise d. Solar noise 1*. 8or standard broadcast receivers the noise properties are determined by means of the -ensi/ (hat does -ensi/ stands for) a. :ffective noise source input b. :quivalent noise sideband input c. :quivalent noise suppression input d. :ffective noise sideband input

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1#. 9he unit of measurement of noise power used in the ;::: standard #,+2175, noise measuring set a. d0a b. d0mB c. d0rn d. d0rn= 15. ;t is the total noise power in a 12&' bandwidth. a. <oise density b. c. <oise figure d.

<oise limit <oise intensity

17. 9he pre2emphasis network in :urope has a time constant of CCCCCCCCC. a. #$ us b. +!! us c. 1$! us d. 1!! us 2!. a. c. 9" broadcast stations effective power is 2$!.!!! watts. Stated in another way. its :>D is ..... 2+ d0k b. 2, d0k 2$ d0k d. 2* d0k 5 years 1# years

21. 9he long term cycle of solar disturbance is ..... a. 2! days b. c. 11 years d. 22.

side from noise. which other important factor limits the performance of a communication system) a. 0andwidth b. Sensitivity c. Eata rate d. Butput power b. d. b. d. ;mmeasurable >andom 8licker noise Shot noise

2+. 9hermal agitation noise is..... a. Eeterministic c. Dredictable 2,. Dopcorn noise is another name for ... a. 0urst noise c. Dartition noise

2$. ;n field effect transistor 38:94. the primary or the maFor noise contributor is the ..... a. 8licker noise b. 9hermal noise c. Shot noise d. ll of the above 2*. 9hermal noise is said to have..... a. Doisson distribution c. Multinomial distribution b. d. Aaussian distribution 0inomial distribution

2#. 9he delayed utomatic Aain =ontrol 3 A=4 circuit provides..... a. <o gain reduction at all signal strength conditions b. <o gain reduction for weak signals c. <o gain reduction for strong signals d. Aain reduction at all signal strength conditions 25. 0alanced modulators generate..... a. ES08= c. SS08= 27. ?ow2 level M transmitters use ..... a. ?inear amplifiers c. =lass amplifiers b. d. b. d. ES0S= SS0S= <onlinear amplifiers =lass 0 amplifiers

+!. (hat does the Gneutrali'ing capacitorH neutrali'e in a Dlate2modulated class = tube amplifier for high2level M) a. Aain reduction b. ?ow output power c. Self2oscillation d. ll of the above +1. (hich of the following is not considered part of the super heterodyne front2end) a. ;8 amplifier b. ?ocal oscillator c. Mixer d. >8 amplifier +2. 9he M envelope detector is essentially a ..... a. &alf wave rectifier with a capacitor b. filter c. Dlain diode d. <etwork of diodes. resistors and capacitors Durely resistive network

++. Aiven that the carrier is suppressed. which of the following statements is true) a. 8idelity of intelligence is unaffected b. ;nformation cannot be accurately received c. Dower is consequently wasted d. 9ransmitted power is unaffected +,. ;n 8M. 1!!6 modulation means a. ctual deviation reaches #$ k&' c. modulation index of 1 b. d. ctual deviation equals the maximum allowed deviation ;ntelligence amplitude equals carrier amplitude

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+$. Single sideband full carrier. single channel. M broadcast is..... a. +: b. &+: c. I+: d. >+: +*. Dractical value of M modulation index a. ! c. J1 b. d. 1 K1

+#. ;n M. the carrier component contains CCCCC intelligence a. <o b. 9he same c. distorted d. ll of the +5. (hich formula gives the bandwidth for narrowband 8M) a. b. 2f 23 + f
m
m

c.

2n f m

d.

231 + m f 4f m

+7. 9he guardband for each 8M broadcast channel is..... a. 2! k&' on each side b. 2$ k&' on each side c. 2$ k&' on one side only d. 2! k&' on one side only ,!. (hen the envelope of a received M signal is constant in amplitude. it means that modulation index is..... a. ! b. K1 c. J1 d. 1 ,1. (hich determines the number of sideband components in 8M) a. Modulation index b. Modulation frequency c. =arrier frequency d. ll of the above ,2. (hich equipment displays the M signal in its frequency domain format) a. <etwork analy'er b. Multimeter c. Bscilloscope d. Spectrum analy'er ,+. :mission 05: involves a. 0aseband modulation c. Single sideband modulation ,,. :nvelope detectors perform a. =ompanding c. Mixing b. d. b. d. ;ndependent sideband modulation "estigial sideband modulation &eterodyning >ectification

,$. &igh @ preselectors in superheterodyne receivers have a. :xcellent frequency stability b. ?ow image reFection capability c. <arrow passband d. (ide passband ,*. n M transmitter is rated 1 k( at 1!!6 modulation. (hat must be its rating at no modulation) a. *!! (atts b. **! (atts c. **# (atts d. #*# (atts

,#. ;ncreasing the 8M modulation index will most likely result in a. n increase in transmitter output b. decrease in transmitter output power power c. n increase in the required d. fixed bandwidth operation bandwidth ,5. 9he =ostas loop is a a. =lock recovery circuit c. Dhase recovery circuit ,7. b. d. =arrier recovery circuit 9ransmitter circuit

carrier modulation where its positive peak rises to a value twice the maximum unmodulated carrier and drops to 'ero at negative peak a. !6 b. 1!6 c. $!6 d. 1!!6

$!. ;t refers to the emission of frequencyLfrequencies immediately outside the necessary bandwidth resulting from the modulation process except spurious emissions a. ;nterference b. <oise c. But of band d. >adiation $1. ;n tube oscillators. this is the change in frequency due to a change in anode current or anode voltage a. Erift b. 8requency pushing c. 8requency pulling d. ny of the above $2. (here is a balanced modulator likely to be used) a. 8+: b. I+: c. +: d. A+:

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$+. (hen this parameter is increased. M transmitted power will decrease a. =arrier power b. =arrier amplitude c. =arrier frequency d. ;ntelligence carrier $,. case of single sideband emission in which the degree of carrier suppression enables the carrier to be reconstituted and to be used for demodulation a. Standard SS0 emission b. 8ull carrier SS0 emission c. >educed carrier SS0 emission d. SS0S= a. c. carrier signal ec M 12!sin$!!.!!!t is fed to a $!N antenna. 8ind the carrier power desired. 1,, watts b. 2!# watts ,1, watts d. #2 watts

$$.

$*. 9he 8oster Seeley 8M discriminator changes 8M to a. M b. nother 8M c. DM d. 8S% $#. Aenerating 8M from DM requires use of a. comparator c. n integrator b. d. differentiator ny of the above

$5. Eiagonal peak clipping in envelope detectors happen when a. 8ilter capacitor is too large b. 8ilter capacitor is too small c. ?oad resistance is too large d. ?oad resistance is too small $7. 9he commercial 8M broadcast spectrum is between a. "&8 and U&8 b. U&8 and microwave band c. M8 and "&8 d. ?owband2and highband2"&8 9" *!. Dower savings for 1!!6 modulation I+: system a. 5+.++6 b. ++.++6 c. 71.+!6 d. #!.#*6 *1. 9he -wolf number/ tells aboutOO a. 9he number of sunspots c. 9he critical angle of ionospheric propagation

b. d.

9he depth of the 82layer in the atmosphere 9he number of big bad wolves

*2. communications tower has a U&8 radio antenna mounted 12! feet above the earthHs surface. =alculate the radio hori'on for this set2up. a. 1$.,7 miles b. 1,.7$ miles c. 1$.7, miles d. 15.,7 miles *+. ;t is the highest frequency that can be reflected when a signal strikes the ionosphere with vertical incident wave. a. Bptimum working frequency b. 8requency at optimum level c. Maximum usable frequency d. =ritical frequency *,. signal propagated via sky2wave propagation follows a path $! degrees from the normal at a critical frequency of , M&'. (hat is the maximum usable frequency) a. *.22 M&' b. #.22 M&' c. $.22 M&' d. *.$5 M&' *$./ :ach point on a primary wavefront can be considered to be new sources of secondary spherical wave and that a secondary wavefront can be constructed as the envelope of these secondary waves/ a. Superposition principle b. &uygens principle c. Iams principle d. Maxwells reflection advocate **. ;n nocturnal ionospheric propagation. coverage distance CCCCCCCCCCCCC. a. increases b. decreases c. >emains the same d. fluctuating *#. (hen the magnetic field is parallel to the surface of the earth. what is the polari'ation of the electromagnetic signal) a. hori'ontal b. circular c. vertical d. elliptical *5. 1! kilo2ohm resistor is connected in parallel with a !.!1 p8 capacitor. Eetermine the rms noise voltage at 1# degree =. a. *++ u" b. 2$.#$ u" c. +*+ u" d. $2, u"

*7. ;f an amplifier has a noise figure of 1! d0. find the equivalent amplifier input noise power for a bandwidth of 2 M&'. a. !.!!#2 p8 b. !.#2 p8 c. !.!#2 p8 d. #.2 p8 #!. ;f the value of a resistor generating thermal noise is halved. what happens to the noise power generated) a. doubled b. unchanged

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c. >educed by halved d. Eecreased to quarter

#1. 9he signal in a particular channel is measured to be 2$ d0m while the noise in that same channel is *d0m. 8ind the signal to noise ratio. a. ,.1+++ d0 b. 17 d0m c. +1 d0m d. 17 d0 #2. 9his is the noise occurring in the presence of a signal resulting from a mismatch between the exact value of an analog signal and the closest available level in a digital coder. a. ;dle channel noise b. :stimation noise c. @uanti'ing noise d. ;mpulse noise #+. a. c. noise power of !.!1 microwatt is equivalent to what d0rn= level if 81 weighting is used with white noise testing. +2 b. +* +, d. +5

#,. 9wenty2five nanowatts of noise power is equal toCCCCCCCC. a. ,, d0rn b. 7! d0rn c. 2,* d0rn d. ,# d0rn #$. n attenuator has a power insertion loss of !.25. (hat is the expected noise factor of the system) a. !.52 b. $.$ c. !.25 d. +.21 #*. t 21! 9?D. the noise power using 81 weighting. white noise testing is !.!7 picowatt. 8ind the noise level in d0a!. a. 215., b. 225., c. 25., d. 221., ##. (hich power level indicates sameness to its reference power) a. 21 d0m b. 2 d0 c. ! d0m d. 1! 9?D #5. 9he M envelope detector is usually a CCCCCCCCCCC. a. <etwork of diodes. resistor and b. &alf wave rectifier with a filter capacitor capacitor c. Dlain diode d. Durely resistive circuit #7. =ompute for the 8M bandwidth given an intelligence frequency of 1! %&' and a frequency deviation of $ %&'. a. 1$ %&' b. 2$ %&' c. +! %&' d. 2! %&' 5!. ;9U purposely divided the world in + regions for geopolitical spectrum allocation. what region Dhilippines falls in) a. >egion 1 b. >egion 2 c. >egion + d. >egion , 51. ;t is a device that detects both vertically and hori'ontally polari'ed signals simultaneously. a. &oriver transducer b. Spectrum analy'er c. Brthomode transducer d. Smith chart 52. (hich of the following statements refers to reasons why intelligent signal cannot be transmitted directly on their frequency) a. their frequency are high and susceptible to noise b. their frequencies are high and need very large antennas c) t*eir +re,$encie" are %ow and need ver- %arge antenna" d. their frequencies are low and need very small antennas 5+. ;t is a wide bandwidth communication system in which the >8 carrier varies according to some predetermined sequence. a. (ireless Spread 9echnology b. 0roadband 9echnology c. Spread Spectrum =ommunication d. 9ime domain frequency modulation 5,.CCCCCCCCCCCis the amount of voltage induced in a wave by an electromagnetic wave. a. Magnetic induction b. Dower density c. 8ield intensity d. "oltage accumulation factor 5$. ;f , %( antenna produces $! u"Lm of electric field in the receiving antenna. a 1* %( will produce what field intensity in same receiving antenna. a. 2!! u"Lm b. 1$! u"Lm c. 1!! u"Lm d. $! u"Lm 5*. &ow high must a receiving antenna be to receive a signal directly from an over the hori'on transmitter whose antenna is +! ft high) 9he distance between the antennas is 1$ miles. a. 2*.+ meters b. 2*.+ miles c. 2*.+ feet d. 1*.+ feet

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5#. ;t is the production of radiation by a radio transmitting station. a. radiation b. transmission c. emission d. monitoring 55. t medium and low frequencies. ground wave transmission is used extensively and it is necessary to use. a. &ori'ontal polari'ation b. =ircular propagation c. "ertical polari'ation d. :lliptical propagation 57.CCCCCCCCCC is the upper portion of the earthHs atmosphere that absorbs large quantities of sunHs radiation a. troposphere b. ionosphere c. stratosphere d. Fupitersphere 7!. (hat propagation condition is usually indicated when the "&8 signal is received from a station over $ !!! miles away) a. E2layer absorption b. 8araday rotation c. 9ropospheric ducting d. 9hermal inversion

GALINGAN N(O.....