Module 3: Applied Biostatistics

Competency Statement Analyze epidemiologic data using appropriate statistical methods Learning Objectives Describe the scales of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio) Compare continuous and discrete data Differentiate between ratios, proportions, incidence, prevalence, attac rates Calculate ratios, proportions, incidence, prevalence, attac rates Describe differences between these measures ! the proper interpretation of each "#plain the advantage of using rates over absolute numbers when describing a population Calculate measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode) Calculate measures of dispersion (range, variance, standard deviation, standard error of the mean) Discuss in what setting the various measures of central tendency and dispersion are used Describe the characteristics of a s ewed distribution "#plain a confidence interval in non'technical terms Calculate a ()* confidence interval around a mean Describe two reasons why rates should be ad+usted Calculate direct ad+usted rates using a standard population Calculate indirect ad+usted rates using standard population rates Describe the relative fre%uency concept of probability Create a fre%uency distribution table ! histogram, &inomial and -oisson distribution, standard multiplicative and addition rules in probabilities Describe the importance of a normal distribution "#plain in non'technical terms the meaning of the central limit theory Convert raw scores into standard scores Determine probabilities from standard normal distribution Calculate the area inside the normal curve between the mean and . standard deviation, mean and two standard deviations Interpret a ()* confidence interval for an odds ratio "#plain a confidence interval for an odds ratio in non'technical terms Interpret a ()* confidence interval for a relative ris "#plain an odds ratio of . Discuss the difference between a standard deviation and standard error Calculate a z'test using the standard error of the mean "#plain the meaning of type . ! type 0 errors "#plain the relationship between the sample size, .'1, 2, and power 3elect an appropriate test statistic for the comparison of two means, two proportions, repeated measures assessment, appa statistic for inter'observer variation, Determine when to use a z'test or t'test Determine when to use an unpaired or paired t'test Interpret an unpaired t'test on two samples Compare two proportions using z'test for proportion 4se an unmatched Chi's%uare statistic Apply appropriate tests of statistical significance for the comparison of two means or two proportions 5ist several tests of significance for categorical fre%uency data Interpret a 6isher e#act test Describe when to use a chi's%uare test vs7 a 6isher e#act test Interpret a statistical method to compare paired nominal data Apply an appropriate statistical method to compare ordinal data, paired and unpaired Interpret a -earson product'moment correlation coefficient Describe the purpose of using linear regression Create a simple linear regression model given a two related variables Describe the purpose and use of multiple linear regression models Describe the purpose of using logistic regression Describe the process for and create a logistic regression model, control for bias, interaction and confounding in biological data Calculate sample size for a chi s%uare test Calculate sample size for subgroup or stratified Topic Introduction to biostatistics $ates, proportions, ratios (measures of fre%uency) Central location and dispersion Responsible group A &

$ate ad+ustment -robability theory ! basis in sampling /ormal distribution

D A &

Confidence intervals for case control ! cohort studies 3tatistical inference

-arametric tests of significance

A &

/on parametric tests

Introduction to correlation and regression analysis

3ample size

Resource persons:
8r7 8alimbo 8ugagga Dr7 $obert 8uso e malimbom9yahoo7co7u robertmuso e9gmail7com

Dr. Wamala J. F Dr. Andrew Tamale Dr. Luke Nyakarahuka

j_wamala@yahoo.com