Blood Exam 2014 1. Which of the following is a function of blood? a. repair through blood clotting* b.

secrete enzymes to breakdown food molecules for energy c. intake oxygen from the external environment and expel carbon dioxide to the external environment d. protection from the external environment 2. Which one of the following formed elements is the most abundant? a. platelets b. lymphocytes c. eosinophils d. erythrocytes* 3. Blood is considered which type of tissue? a. epithelial b. connective* c. adipose d. musculoskeletal 4. A measurement of the percentage of red blood cells in our blood a. formed elements b. leukemia c. polycythemia d. hematocrit* 5. The average lifespan of a red blood cell is: a. the bodys lifetime b. one year c. 100-120 days* d. 1-2 months 6. The percentage of water in our plasma: a. 70% b. 30% c. 50% d. 90%* 7. Plasma protein responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure a. albumin* b. antigens c. clotting proteins d. antibodies 8. Plasma protein for protecting the body from pathogens and foreign antigens a. albumin

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b. antigens c. clotting proteins d. antibodies* Substances that our body recognizes as foreign substances a. albumin b. antigens* c. clotting proteins d. antibodies The type of white blood cell which includes B cells and T cells: a. neutrophils b. lymphocytes(*) c. platelets d. monocytes Clotting cells are indicated by the letter: a. neutrophils b. lymphocytes c. platelets(*) d. monocytes Type of white blood cell which contains histamine which is released when your allergies act up. a. basophils* b. eosinophils c. neutrophils d. monocytes These leukocytes produce enzymes that help fight off parasitic worms. a. basophils b. eosinophils* c. neutrophils d. monocytes An abnormally high number of white blood cells is called a. leukemia b. leukocytosis* c. leukopenia d. leukopoiesis Choose all the following white blood cells which come from myeloid stem cells: a. basophils* b. lymphocytes c. erythrocytes* d. platelets* Which of these blood components do NOT have a nuclei? a. neutrophils b. erythrocytes*

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c. lymphocytes d. monocytes Which cell is NOT considered a granulocyte? a. basophil b. eosinophil c. lymphocyte* d. neutrophil Which of the following IS an agranulocyte? a. basophil b. eosinophil c. neutrophil d. lymphocyte* Cells in the red bone marrow that give rise to ALL the formed elements of the blood are called? a. fibrinogens b. globulins c. megakaryoblast d. hemoctytoblasts* Hematopoiesis refers to: a. the mechanisms that prevent blood loss b. a disease in which there is insufficient blood cell production c. the rupture of blood cells d. the process of blood cell formation* The process of erythropoiesis: a. takes place in the spleen b. takes place in the kidneys c. is inhibited by erythropoietin d. is stimulated when oxygen decreases in the blood* Erythropoietin is produced by: a. red blood cells b. red bone marrow c. liver d. kidneys* An overdose of erythropoietin would cause: a. anemia b. polycythemia* c. low blood viscosity d. low blood pressure Arrange the following formed elements in the correct order from most numerous to least numerous in normal blood: (1): erythrocytes (2): leukocytes (3): thrombocytes a. 3,2,1 b. 1,3,2

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c. 1,2,3* d. 2,1,3 Which of the following blood components is NOT involved in clotting a. platelets b. fibrinogen c. calcium d. potassium* Vascular spasm: a. closes off small blood vessels when they are damaged, mainly in response to chemicals released from the damaged cells* b. occurs in blood vessels when the pressure is too high c. occurs when blood oxygen levels are low d. occurs when a blood vessel dilates in response to pain Given these chemicals: (1) fibrin (2) fibrinogen (3) prothrombinase (4) thrombin (5) tissue factor Choose the arrangement that list the chemicals in the order they are activated during clot formation. a. 1,3,4,2,5 b. 5,3,4,2,1* c. 4,3,2,5,1 d. 2,3,4,5,1 Which enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of a clot? a. fibrinogen b. antithrombin c. heparin d. plasmin* A blood clot that forms in an undamaged vessel is called a(an)_____(1)_______ and if it breaks loose and travels through the bloodstream it is called a(an)_____(2)_______. a. (1) hematoma; (2) thrombosis b. (1) thrombus; (2) hematoma c. (1) thrombus; (2) embolus* d. (1) embolus; (2) thrombus A pulmonary embolism is a blood clot that blocks blood flow in: a. in the lung* b. in the heart c. in the brain d. in the kidney Which of statement IS true about ABO blood groups a. A person with Type O blood can donates to individuals with Type A, B, AB, and O blood* b. A person with Type A blood can receive Type AB and Type B blood c. A person with Type AB blood has no antigens on its cell surface d. A person with Type B blood has Anti-B bodies in their plasma

28. For ABO blood group, the antigens are found on the____(1)_____ and the antibodies are found in the_____(2)_____ a. (1)erythrocyte, (2)leukocyte b. (1)erythrocyte, (2)plasma* c. (1)leukocyte, (2)plasma d. (1)erythrocyte, (2)platelets 29. A person with Type B blood needs a blood transfusion, choose all the possible donors a. Type AB b. Type A c. Type B* d. Type O* 30. Select the universal recipient a. Type AB* b. Type A c. Type B d. Type O 31. Type O is considered the universal.: a. donor because it doesnt have anti-A antibodies and anti-B antibodies* b. donor because it doesnt have A or B antigens on its cell surface c. recipient because it doesnt have anti-A antibodies and anti-B antibodies d. recipient because it doesnt have A or B antigens on its cells surface 32. Which of the following is true for a person with anti-A antibodies in the plasma a. the person is blood Type A b. the person is blood Type B* c. the person is blood Type AB 33. Hemophilia is caused by: a. hypersecretion of erythropoietin b. deficiency of clotting factors* c. overproduction of platelets d. abnormal hemoglobin 34. Agglutination during transfusions is caused by binding between: a. hemoglobin and kidney tubule cells b. clotting proteins and the enzymes that activate them c. platelets and RBCs d. RBC surface antigens and plasma antibodies* 35. What kind of risk exists when a woman who is Rh+ carries an Rh- fetus? a. there is usually no risk during the first pregnancy, but it can harm the fetus during a subsequent pregnancy if the mother is not treated* b. it always poses a serious risk to the fetus, even in the first pregnancy c. only in rare cases is there a risk to the fetus during the first pregnancy d. there is never a risk to the fetus in any pregnancy

36. A persons blood type is determined by a. mixing his blood with the blood of another person of known blood type if there is no reaction they are the same type b. looking at red blood cells under a microscope to see what kind of antigens are on their membranes c. checking to see which plasma antibodies a person hashe wont have antibodies against his own blood type d. mixing the blood with anti-A and anti-B serum to see which ones cause the red blood cells to agglutinate* 37. Essay: Stephanie left for NAU in Flagstaff (elevation: 6905 ft. above sea level) in August. She returned to Tucson (elevation 2400 ft.) in July of the next year. She has a physical exam and is told her erythrocyte count is higher than normal. Explain these results. Will her RBC count remain at this higher-than-normal level if she stays in Tucson? Why or why not? (erythropoietin, oxygen increase in the environment, oxygen decrease in the environment, red blood cells)