Ch 3 Study guide

Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.

1. A(an) ____________________ has a definite volume and a definite shape.

2. Materials can be classified as solids, liquids, or gases based on whether their shapes and
____________________ are definite or variable.
3. The shape of a material remains constant when it is moved from one container to another. This material is
a(an) ____________________.
4. The ____________________ theory of matter states that all particles of matter are in constant motion.
5. The motion of one particle of a gas is unaffected by the motion of other particles of the gas unless the
particles ____________________.
6. ____________________ between the particles of a gas and the walls of the container cause pressure in a
closed container of gas.
7. The pascal is the SI unit for ____________________.
8. Reducing the volume of a gas ____________ its pressure if the __________ of the gas and the number of
particles are constant.
9. A graph representing Charles’s law shows that the ____________________ of a gas increases at the same rate
as the ____________________ of the gas.
10. The combined gas law describes the relationship among the ___________, ___________, and __________ of
a gas when the number of particles is constant.
11. If you are using Charles’s law to find the volume of a gas at a certain temperature, the temperature must be
expressed in ____________________.
12. If you know the volume and pressure of a gas and the pressure changes, you can find the new volume by
multiplying P1 by V1 and ____________________ this number by P2.
13. The phase change that is the reverse of deposition is ____________________.
14. Water boils when its vapor pressure becomes equal to ____________________ pressure.
15. During vaporization, a substance changes from a(an) _______________ to a(an) _____________.
16. Evaporation is the process that changes a substance from a liquid to a gas at temperatures below the
substance’s ____________________ point.
17. During a(an) ____________________ change, the system releases energy to its surroundings.

Short Answer

18. Solid, liquid, and gas are three states of matter.What are two other states of matter, and under what conditions
do they exist?
19. If a gas has a volume of 1 L at a pressure of 200 kPa, what volume would it have when the pressure is
increased to 400 kPa? Assume the temperature and number of particles are constant.
20. If gas in a sealed container has a pressure of 50 kPa at 300 K, what will the pressure be if the temperature
rises to 360 K?
21. Describe what happens to the arrangement of water molecules as ice melts.

Figure 3-2

22. There are several questions on Figure 3-2.

Figure 3-3

23. Interpreting Graphics There will be several questions on Figure 3-3