Unit 1: Pre-Production Techniques Understand requirements for a specific media production

1. Introduction
In the film industry pre-production is the planning of your film, laying down the foundations of what could possibly be in your film. In the beginning of pre-production it includes scouting for a location, where you would like the film to be shot, the props that are used in the movie, if special effects are used to enhance the movie layout, the production schedule; certain days which scenes are shot, set construction is important so the director knows where he/her want the cameras to be, angles which should be shot and how the atmosphere may possibly be in the shot with different actors. Pre-production is also important because you also need to see who will be suitable for each job role once production starts, directors, producers and most importantly your Risk Assessment. Pre-production is very important in television and film because the producer needs to know who the perfect actor, actress or model to play the role. Budgeting needs to be known as the pre-production team need to know how much renting equipment will be which will be tested out before use. A director and cameraman dont need a faulty camera on set, hindering them for recording and theyll also have to pay for a different camera if rented. The Risk Assessment and the finalizing of the script in the pre-production are the two most important things is because by breaking down the scenes you will be able to know setting of certain parts of the film, whether it be the end or start, character and props you will need once you know this it will help you play certain characters, this then lets you know how much money will need to be financed into the movie you are creating.Carefully structuring and planning the movie will be great as it makes you and your production team have a good foundation on your movie in the beginning.

2. Finance
Short films can be financed by a variety of places in the UK, there are places like the Film London and the UK Film Council who fund into short British films if they have a low budget and they need more money to make their vision as great as possible, this is a scheme which was created by a government party (labor) helping to promote British film making. Places like the UK Film Council have been closed down but there are other revenues where short films can be funded. Drawing up an initial plan, knowing how much money will be needed helps as you know how much you will need for each part of your movie behind the scenes whether it is renting out a location or a runner who knows there whereabouts where you're shooting.Budgeting yourself is really good as this will also help you know how much everything will be in total for your short film, camera crews who will be doing the sound

Source: (Critic Charlie Brooker Explains How Television Programmes Get Made) http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/critic-charlie-brooker-explains-how-televisionprogrammes-get-made/8238.html http://film.britishcouncil.org. , footage, recording, sound, lighting, and the whole setting. the main things which should always be covered by your funding are travelling, how your crew and equipment will get from location to another, catering to your whole team as there will be a point where all staff and actors will need to eat, depending on if your location is free or not,lights and cameras which help you create the atmosphere of the scene you are trying to create, insurance which is the legal guide and post-production and marketing which is selling your movie, trying to get viewers to watch it. A different variety of charities funded short films such Film4 who put money into Attack the Block, also the UK Film Council. Film London also invested in Attack the Block which gave them a cut of the money once the film had been released to the public. Attack The Block was released on the 13th of May 2011 with the film having a budget of around 9 million to create. Attack the Block didnt do well as it only bought in 3million which isnt good as it had a budget of 9million; this is a loose of 6million, the amount of money lost was due to cinema ticket sells and DVD sells werent good enough.

3. Time
In production, time is important because when youre planning your movie you need to know what you are going to be doing beforehand as it takes a while to plan a movie before shooting it (7weekks), your script needs to be finalized, your narrative structure needs to be known so the actors/actresses can learn their parts in the script, see what jobs what jobs are suitable for your crew in the back e.g., your chosen director and cameramen. Sticking to your timescale will make everything you planned go in ordered as your production moves smoothly; these are good organizational skills which will come in handy in any other production you may be creating, moreover, an example of being a director youll need to find locations for where you would like to shoot a scene in public, if these locations arent found the production of the movie wont go smooth as it should be so you should always plan ahead and find locations.In the film production clearances and supplies goes towards the production. As production goes on you need to be very wise with your time because you dont want to spend too much time on something for example filming, it can be edited and

made better and you also dont want to spend less time on something which needs a good amount of time on such as searching for archive footage. In the film production clearances and supplies goes towards the production.

4. Personnel
Searching for skills and experience is really important in the film industry because you need to find a suitable person, ranging from the director to the actors and also the lowest of jobs in the film and television industry, the runner. Experience in all the jobs in the Film industry will get you a long way as the more experience you have the higher you can climb up your preferred job in your media sector.

Film Producer - Film Producers prepare and then supervise the creation of the film before presenting the production to the world. They can be employed by film th studios such as 20 Century Fox, Warner Bros, Paramount Pictures and Columbia Pictures. There are also independent film producers who tend to have a team who producer movies with no outlet.

Film Director - A film director is someone who directs the visual aspect of the film, making it dramatic and artistically fun to watch. A director also acts out how the script has been written so the main actor of the scene understands what they may be doing in the scene. The director over seas the creation of the movie as it is being acted out by characters, creating the script into a real life visual which the target fans are capable of watching in the cinema or DVD.

Film Editor - Editors work very closely with the Director before shooting begins on a film, deciding how to make the screenplay as good as possible. On the first day of principal photography, Editors begin work in the cutting room which could sometimes be at the location of the film, looking at the previous day's rushes which are developed overnight at the Film Lab and synced-up (synchronised, the alignment of sound and image) by the Assistant Editor so everything goes in time, doing this keeps everything in time so nothing pays out of place which will give off a poor production on the movie.

Source: http://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/highest-paying-jobs-film-industry.htm#page=10 (10 Highest Paying Jobs in the Film Industry)

5. Facilities
Once the media production has all started, it will involve a lot of equipment and facilities to record save and edit once certain scenes are shot. computing software is now usually in the production process to enhance the movie, film companies create their own software's for editing their movies. Other equipment such as microphones, lights and things can be hired if needed, all these different equipments can be used to enhance the sound, lighting in the scene and the overall picture which will be done in the facility houses. In the facility houses, they'll provide different sound effects which can be put into the recording, different movie images. The post production houses can come in handy as once you have recorded footage it can instantly be edited by your chosen editor keeping the scheduling of the movie in time.

A List Of Post-Production Jobs

Source: http://www.creativeskillset.org/facilities/post/job_profiles/ (Jobs In Post-Production)

Recording/Editing Equipment

Cameras MAC computers for editing/putting our footage on MAC Computers Logic Pro, Final Cut Pro, Illustrator Booking Green Room, Dark room Costumes/Props Facility House spare equipment, editing software, generates (if footage is shot outside)

6. Materials
Once you begin production you will need to have raw material, if you need a certain kind of sound effect you will need to go to the kind of scenery where the effect would be heard to get recorded, such as the Lord Of The Rings, the bows were recorded in a field to make the sounds more authentic as they were used in the movie. Recording a sound in the wrong location such as a busy park will make the sound effect sound on professional which won't fit into the movie sounds. you may also want photos which have been used in the past, however you need to remember to check with someone that your capable of using the picture so no copyright is endorsed which Charlie Brooker programme mentioned in his video.

Source: http://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/highest-paying-jobs-film-industry.htm#page=10 (10 Highest Paying Jobs in the Film Industry)

7. Contributors
Before productions begins you needs to have contributors such as talents, photographers as the productions is going from stage to stage however, to have these suitable workers on broad, they need to be hand a release from which is a paper with their information, what they'll be participating on set while filming is going on. It's also a form which gives the Director permission to use a photographer or talent on the set of the movie. In the release form is should always have a little biography about the character you are using and an authorized signature.

This is an example of a release form.

8. Location
A company called REECE visit locations is they're are suitable to perform on, checking for everyone's health and safety. This is good to check in pre-production because it saves a lot of money as if someone checks the location for you in advance, it can notified if the location is appropriate, travelling to an unsuitable location waste time and money as you will be transporting a lot of valuable goods which will cost a lot of money to another country. Reece also help by letting you know how the weather is in your chosen location, once you find out all this important information, you need to ask for permission from the local council and always be on the lookout for legal issues during the pre production, this can be done by letting know people in advance if they are ok filming in the location, asking if it won't cause an problems.

9. A) Codes of Practice and Regulation

All films which are created by British film companies are regulated by the BBFC who are a nongovernmental organisations who is funded by the film industry, they have the responsibly of classifying the ages on each film which is made in the UK, they also age DVDS and computer games. BBFC have the power to pick which movies are shown in cinema for an appropriate age group, they restrict certain ages groups from viewing certain movies and also put movies as X rated, these are movies which cant be viewed in the cinema. Before production begins we need to think about what will be in the movie and what age is suitable to watch the movie for example, Lovely Bones centres on a young girl who has been murdered and watches over her family - and her killer - from purgatory. She must weigh her desire for vengeance against her desire for her family to heal which as rated a 12A by the BBFC, the company received the most complaints about Lovely Bones however, BBFC justified their age rating by saying lacked explicit detail of the murder and it also had many positive messages about life, this why was why it was given a lower certificate.

10. Codes and Practice

Once filming starts for my film, locations where I would like to shoot footage needs to be permitted with health and safety insurance for all workers on the film such as runners, actors and many more film crew members. I would need the permission from the council however, if I dont receive permission from the council it is against the law to film in a location which hasnt been verified. Risk Assessment should be carried out before filming so you can keep your whole crews Health and Safety in check, not having the assessment on our location could cause injury and harm to, having Public Liability also helps as it is insurance that covers damage, this is a good thing as you never know what could happen as filming starts, illness or accidents could occur.