Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
9
(The Last Report: Including all the results being to be published in thesis)
1 Introduction
It previous reports hot-spot and Effective Notch Stress (ENS) approaches have been utilized to obtain the results for the plate with straight stiffener under tension. Effects of different geometric modeling of root have been studied as well. In this report the different shapes for stiffener would be studied as well as bending load case. Fatigue life estimation will also be studied for different cases as well. The outline of this report will include: Hot-spot approach for different stiffener geometries under axial tension and bending ENS method for u-shape root and keyhole under axial tension and bending
2 Method
2.1 Hot-spot approach
Hot-spot approach is applied for coarse and semi-fine meshing according to recommendations of [1]. According to the geometry hot-spot is of type a.
Figure 2 for 150 < L < 300, nominal stress is of FAT 71 class
Since in the full model L = 200 mm > 150 mm, the FAT class based on hot-spot stress would be FAT 90 as shown in Figure 3 [1].
2.1.1.1 Semi-Fine Meshing Eq. (1) which is stipulated in [1] is used for semi-fine meshing. The positions for reading stress are shown in Figure 4 [1] which is derived from [1].
Figure 4 Locations for extrapolate stress to the notch for semi-fine meshing
(1)
2.1.1.2 Coarse Meshing The procedure is shown in Figure 5 and Eq. (2) derived from [1].
Figure 5 Locations for extrapolate stress to the notch for coarse meshing
(2)
All four models have been studied and compared in previous reports, in this final report, u-shaped rounding (case c) and keyhole (Case d) have been studied in more detail, meshing size has been decreased even more to 0.1 mm. in new models increase in mesh size is more smooth when going far from notch in different directions.
2.2.1.2
Case (d)
3 Results
3.1.1.1 Hot-Spot coarse mesh Hot-spot is modeled without considering any gap, hexahedral elements have been used and Extrude and Revolve commands have been used to mesh the model.
For hot spot two extrapolation formulae have been used, equation (1) and (2) of [1] which are repeated in equations 2.2.1) and 2.2.2).
Figure 14 Another view for hot-spot method Table 1 Hot Spot Values for Linear Extrapolation
MPa
2.2.1)
Position of Node in respect to toe 0.4 t = 3.2 mm 0.9 t = 8.0 mm 1.4 t = 11.2 mm
Max Principal Stress Value 1.45 MPa 1.24 MPa 1.18 MPa
2.2.2)
3.1.1.2 Effective Notch Stress As it was mentioned in Introduction, 4 different geometries have been modeled and analyzed which are discussed as follows: 3.1.1.2.1 Case a, 0.5-mm gap The model is as follow:
A general overview of the meshing for this model is depicted in the following figure:
The FEMAP results with Corner Data and without Corner Data are presented in Figure 19 and Figure 20.
As it could be expected, the stress in weld root is higher in this case, because there is less material to withstand the tension. 3.1.1.2.3 Case c, 2-mm gap with constant ligament
Here the stress in the root is lower than case b. 3.1.1.2.4 Case d, 0.5-mm gap with 2-mm rounding Because of the stress concentration on the boundary of the 2-mm circle and the internal wall of the gap, the modeling of this geometry was more challenging. The final result is as follow:
3.2 Results
The results are summarized in
Table 2 Summary of results
Stress Value
Stress Type
Hot-spot, Linear extrapolation Hot-spot, Quadratic extrapolation Case a Case b Case c Case d
Hot-spot
Stress in toe (MPa) Stress in root (MPa) Nodal Elemental without Corner Nodal Elemental without Data and No Averaging Corner Data 1.76 M NA NA NA
Hot-spot
1.73
NA
NA
NA
3.4 Bibliography
[1] A. Hobbacher, Recommendations for Fatigue Design of Welded Joints and Components, International Institute of Welding, XIII-2151-07/XV-1127r18-03, 2008. [2] E. Niemi, W. Fricke and S. J. Maddox, Fatigue Abalysis of Welded Components, Designer's guide to the structural hot-spot stress apprach (IIW-1430-00), Woodhead Publishing Limited, 2006. [3] W. Fricke, Guideline for the Fatigue Assessment by Notch Stress Analysis for Welded Structures, International Institute of Welding, 2010. [4] E. Niemi, Stress Determination for Fatigue Analysis of Welded Components, IIS/IIW-1221-93, Abington Publishing,, 1995.