Air Abrasion of Zirconia Resin-bonded Fixed Dental

Prostheses Prior to Adhesive Cementation: Why and How?

Mutlu Özcana

IAAD WORKING INSTRUCTIONS Do Why?

Try-in zirconia RBFDP. CAD/CAM reconstructions may not fit as
Air Abrasion of Zirconia Resin-bonded Fixed Dental ideally as gold restorations. Depending
Prostheses (RBFDP) Prior to Adhesive Cementation: on the system employed, optical scan-
Why and How? ning and milling procedures may create
non-fitting surfaces.1
During try-in of zirconia RBFDP, contact of the cementa-
Check the fit of the Materials such as Fit-Checker show the
tion surface with the plaster model, saliva, disclosing
RBFDP using silicone- areas that do not fit well. At this stage
medium, grease of the fit-checker, and all other possible based materials. in non-ideal situations, the restoration
contaminants can best be removed using air abrasion. can be renewed.
This procedure also slightly roughens the surface and Remove silicone; wash, Silicone artifacts penetrate into the sur-
contributes to micromechanical retention of the resin rinse, and dry thor- face irregulaties of zirconia.2,5 Washing
cement to the cementation surface. Yet the air-abrasion oughly. and rinsing can initially remove these
artifacts.
protocol should be applied gently, considering the par-
ticle type, pressure, distance, and duration. Mark the area to be air Since the color of the sand is whitish
abraded with a pencil. like zirconia, it is difficult to see where
CAUTION! To obtain a clean surface for better adhe- the particles are deposited. Marking will
sion, create a moderately rough surface and at the same allow controlled air abrasion.
time avoid monoclinic phase formation on zirconia, which Coat the veneering part Accidental deposition of particles on
is theoretically detrimental for its fatigue properties, deli- of the RBFDP using gly- the veneering ceramic may remove the
cate application of air-abrasion procedures is required. cerin gel. glaze.
Air abrade the cementa- Air abrasion of the cementation surface
REFERENCES tion surface using a cleans contaminants from the surface
chairside air-abrasion and roughens zirconia. Etching with hy-
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review. J Oral Rehabil 2010;37:866-876. nia does not contain a silicon dioxide
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Wiskott HW. Surface roughness and EDS characterization of a Y-TZP dental
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Particle type: Alumina The particle morphology of alumina par-
particles coated with ticles presents a more amorphous pat-
4. ISO Standard 13356:2008 Implants for surgery – Ceramic materials based
on yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia (Y-TZP).
silica or silica only. tern than silica-coated alumina particles
or silica particles only, where the latter
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does not yield subsurface cracks.9
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strength of luting cement to ceramics. Dent Mater 2003;19:725-731. 0.5 to 2.5 bar. 0.5 bar.5 However, air abrasion even
8. Özcan M, Raadschelders J, Vallittu P, Lassilla L. Effect of particle deposition at 2.5 bar does not increase the mono-
parameters on silica coating of zirconia using a chairside air-abrasion device. clinical phase10 to the critical value as
J Adhes Dent 2013;15:211-214.
stated in the ISO norm.4
9. Souza RO, Valandro LF, Melo RM, Machado JP, Bottino MA, Özcan M. Air-
particle abrasion on zirconia ceramic using different protocols: Effects on Duration: Approximately Zirconia is a hard material. It takes time
biaxial flexural strength after cyclic loading, phase transformation and surface 20 s for an area of to create a rough surface.8
topography. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2013;26:155-163. 10 mm until pencil mark
10. Turp V, Sen D, Tuncelli B, Goller G, Özcan M. Evaluation of air-particle abra- vanishes.
sion of Y-TZP with different particles using microstructural analysis. Aust Dent Distance: Approximately Holding the nozzle close to the surface
J 2013;58:183-191. 10 mm. creates hollow pits on the surface. The
11. Zhang Y, Lawn BR, Malament KA, Van Thompson P, Rekow ED. Damage ac- nozzle distance of approx. 10 mm al-
cumulation and fatigue life of particle-abraded ceramics. Int J Prosthodont lows the particles to abrade the surface
2006;19:442-448.
over a larger radius.8
Motion: Circling motion, If the nozzle is not moved in circling mo-
a Professor, University of Zürich, Dental Materials Unit, Center for Dental and rotating the nozzle. tions, the surface is not evenly rough-
Oral Medicine, Clinic for Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental
ened.8
Materials Science, Zürich, Switzerland.
Ultrasonic cleaning of The remnants of loose particles after air
Correspondence: Professor Mutlu Özcan, University of Zürich, Dental Mater- the RBFDP in ethanol for abrasion may impair wettability of the si-
ials Unit, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, Clinic for Fixed and Removable 10 min. lane or the primer and the subsequently
Prosthodontics and Dental Materials Science, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032, applied adhesive resin. Ultrasonic clean-
Zürich, Switzerland. Tel: +41-44-634-5600, Fax: +41-44-634-4305. e-mail:
ing eliminates such remnants best.3
mutluozcan@hotmail.com

394 The Journal of Adhesive Dentistry