Home Thermostat Circuit

This article describes the home thermostat, the temperature adjustment range of 30-60?, can be used as home-made yogurt, fermented flour and other insulation. Work The temperature controller circuit consists of temperature sensors, differential amplifier, rectangular wave generator, pulse width modulator, such as part of the execution and the power circuit shown in Figure 1. Temperature sensor using two silicon switching diodes VD1 and VD2 series future use. VD1 and VD2 and resistors R1, R3, R4 etc. Temperature Bridge. Four operational amplifiers within the integrated circuit IC1 as a differential amplifier comparing amplifier D2, D1 as a buffer isolation amplifier, D3 as a rectangular wave generator (also known as triangular wave forming circuit), D4 as a pulse width modulator. After the power switch SA, AC 220V step-down voltage by R10, VD3 rectifier, C3, after filtering and VD4 regulator to generate +12 V voltage, as the operating voltage of IC1, +12 V voltage is also regulated by the IC2 into a +5 V voltage temperature to provide work for the bridge voltage, thyristor VS as the implementation of components, controls the heater EH work. By the IC1 D3 and its peripheral components within the composition of the square wave oscillator to generate the rectangular wave signal output from IC1 pin 8 through resistor R9 and capacitor C2 into a triangular wave signal processing, and then 12 feet from IC1 (D4s inverting input) to join. Temperature bridge output signal amplified by IC1 in D2, 7 feet from the output of IC1, then add 13 feet IC1 (D4 of the inverting input). IC1 14 feet (pulse modulator output) output square wave pulse voltage, the pulse width of 7 feet by the modulation of the output voltage when the voltage of IC1 pin 13 pin voltage is below 12, IC1s output of 14 foot high so that thyristor VS conduction, EH heater power work, while light-emitting diode VD5 lights indicating thermostat is in a heated state, when the 13 pin voltage IC1 pin voltage higher than 12, IC1s output of low-power 14-pin level, so that VS deadline, EH heater does not work, VD5 off. The thermostat control with cycle switch, the fixed switching cycle time than through the control switch to control the temperature, when the inside temperature is higher than the control value, IC1s output of 8 feet square wave pulse width decreases, the heater EH "open" time (i.e. power working time) is decreased "off" time (time off) longer, the temperature dropped; the contrary, the work process the contrary, EH "open" time longer , "off" time becomes shorter, so that temperature; the opening and closing of the cycle is only about 30s, and the opening and closing time than the change is a gradual process, so the temperature control precision is high, the temperature fluctuation is small.

Home thermostat circuit.

Component selection IC1 (containing D1-D4) selected four operational amplifiers LM324 integrated circuit; IC2 78L05 or use a small three-terminal integrated LM7805 voltage regulator. VD1 and VD2 use 1N4148 silicon switch diode; VD3 use 1N4007 rectifier diode; VD4 use 12V, 0.5W Zener silicon, such as 2CW60-12V or 1N5242, 1N5242B, 1N6002, 2CW5242 type, etc.; VD5 use red light-emitting diodes. VS selection 2A, 400V thyristor, such as CR2AM or CSM2B and so on. RP1 and RP2 are made of solid core linear potentiometer. R1-R9, R11 and R12 are selected RTX-1/4W carbon film resistors; R10 use 5W wire wound resistors. C1-C3 are selected CD11-16-type electrolytic capacitors. EH with an ordinary iron 300W heating core (due to VS for the thyristors, by EH heater is half-wave alternating current, the heater heating power is only half the nominal power). Production and commissioning All electronic components will be installed in a home-made printed circuit board, and its temperature control into the right size box, opening the box on the front panel power switch SA and the fixed light-emitting diodes. As long as the components of a good, correct wiring, power that is able to work properly.