Discussion (30%) Discuss findings. Significance of results. Can include graphs and tables. Provide equations.

Uncertainty analysis and/or error analysis and technical challenges. Correct units. The internal pressure of the can was found to be near 53 and 74 psi. The experiment was conducted with two methods of solving the solution. The answer was found by using a series of equations. At every step there is uncertainty. It is propagation of error. The purpose of this lab was to determine the internal pressure of a soda can by using a strain gage to measure the axial and hoop strain when the can is opened. The strain should correspond to the stress and to the internal pressure. Lead to the same internal pressure. Using data from the axial strain, the internal pressure was found to be 73.9198 psi. However, when the hoop data was used the internal pressure was found to be 53.197 psi. These numbers should have been the same. These numbers are off by a lot. Did the difference happen from random error, or was something more serious going on. A soda can is not a perfect cylinder. The main results from this experiment found the internal pressure of the can to be either 73.920 psi or 53.197

Head spin Discussion The main findings of this experiment will now be discussed. The physical data found that the depressurization of the soda can caused a change of voltage in the strain gage of -.0004 V for the axial strain gage, and -.0013 V in the hoop strain gage. This change in voltage signifies the change in resistance of the can due to the deflection incurred from depressurization. In the axial strain gage, the change in resistance was .0384 ohms. For the hoop strain gage, the change was .1249 ohms. The strain was found to be .0001531 in the axial direction, and .0004980 in the hoop direction. Using the numbers from the axial strain gage, the internal pressure of the can prior to opening was found to be 73.9198 psi. However, when the numbers from the hoop strain gage were used, the internal pressure was found to be 53.1970 psi. These numbers should have been the same because they represent the same pressure. They are off by a significant amount. This was not surprising, as there were many errors that pertain to this lab.

The sources of error include the equipment used, One main one was propagation of error. The internal pressure was found after using a series of equations. At each step there were inherent uncertainties: Some potential sources of error were in the equipment used. Namely: the accuracy of the multimeter reading, the trustworthiness of the connections between the equipment items and with the can, and also the uniformity of the gages used. The uncertainty from each step compounds and creates large uncertainty in the final result. Starting with the first step, the placement and orientation of the strain gage could affect the results. The strain may be different at different parts of the can. Also, if the gage is not oriented perfectly so that the axial is straight up and the hoop is exactly horizontal, then the axial strain reading would not be entirely from axial strain, and the hoop strain reading would not be entirely from hoop strain. This experiment leads to the conclusion that using a Wheatstone Bridge strain gage is not an ideal way to find the internal pressure of a soda can. One huge potential source of error was in the very first equation used: equation XX2. Equation XX2 was used to find the change in resistance. The

Placement of the strain gage. Propagation of error thru the use of many equations and assumptions. Not using enough samples. In a wheatstone Bridge strain gage, strain in the particular material is measured by using the material as a resistor in the Wheatstone bridge circuit.