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Anatomy & Physiology

HOME WORK Prepared by: Top Rank Review Academy Researchers

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INSTRUCTIONS: Select the correct answer for the following questions. Mark only one answer for each item by encircling the letter of your choice. STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED.

The volume of gas that enters and leaves the lungs: a.Expiratory Reserve Volume b.Inspiratory Reserve Volume c.Tidal volume d.Residual volume 2. The volume of gas left in the lungs after maximum expiration: a.Expiratory Reserve Volume b.Inspiratory Reserve Volume c.Tidal volume d.Residual volume 3. The volume of gas that is maximally expelled after maximum inspiration: a.Inspiratory capacity b.Vital Capacity c.Functional Residual Capacity d.Total Lung Capacity 4. The normal WBC count in your blood examination is: a.3,000 5,000 cells/mm3 b.5,000 10,000 cells/mm3 c.10,000 15,000 cells/mm3 d.15,000 20,000 cells/mm3 5. Receiving Vaccine is an example of: a.Natural active immunity b.Artificial active immunity c.Natural passive immunity d.Artificial passive immunity 6. The principal site of drug metabolism in the human body is: a.Kidneys c.Gall bladder b.Liver d.Spleen 7. Exchange of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in the Lungs: a.Active transport c.Diffusion b.Osmosis d.None of these 8. Irritation of the upper respiratory tract will trigger what reflex: a.Cough c.All of these b.Sneeze d.None of these 9. Decreased oxygen in the blood: a.Hypoxemia c.Hyperoxemia b.Hypoxia d.Hypercapnea 10. A nurse is reviewing the medical chart of a patient suffering from chronic bronchitis. Arterial blood gas analysis reflects a decrease in blood pH and an increase in the PaCO2. The patient is exhibiting symptoms of dyspnea. The most likely conclusion would be: a.Respiratory alkalosis c.Metabolic alkalosis b.Respiratory acidosis d.Metabolic acidosis

11. All of the following are true of the kidneys except: i.Major site of drug excretion ii.Approximately 150 grams in weight and encased in fat called renal capsule iii.Contains cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons iv.The right kidney is higher than the left kidney a.I, II, & III are correct b.I & III are correct c.II& IV are correct d.Only IV is correct e.All are correct 12. In diabetes mellitus, a nurse should be aware that one hormone if deficient. Which of the following hormone is deficient? a.Insulin c.Somatostatin b.Glucagon d.Relaxin 13. When the platelet count is markedly decreased, the patient is said to suffer from: a.Leukocytosis c.Thrombocytopenia b.Thrombocytosis d.Leukopenia 14. Adrenal Cortex secretion: a.Cortisol c.Norepinephrine b.Epinephrine d.None of these 15. The most commonly fractured bone in the body: a.Humerus d.Fibula b.Femur e.Clavicle c.Tibia 16. True of B lymphocytes: a.Produce antibodies b.For cellular immunity c.A & B only d.None of these 17. Most abundant cation inside the cell: a.Potassium c.Chloride b.Sodium d.Phosphate 18. The cell is negatively charged on the inside and positively charged on the outside: a.Depolarization b.Repolarization c.Hyperpolarization d.Resting membrane potential 19. Acidic substances, except: a.Blood c.A & B b.Urine d.All of these 20. Which of the following white blood cells counts clearly indicates leukocytosis? a.4,500mm c.10,000mm b.7,000mm d.25,000mm 21. Leukocytosis is a characteristic of: a.Infection

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b.Radiation sickness c.Iron deficiency d.Poor, resistance to infection This transport mechanism exists in all cell bodies and maintains the sodium and potassium concentration differences across the cell membrane; it also establishes a negative electrical potential inside the cells: a.Na-K+ pump c.Na counter transport b.Calcium pump d.Active transport Ingestion of extremely small vesicles containing extracellular fluids: a.None of these c.Pinocytosis b.Mitosis d.Phagocytosis They function in the synthesis of protein cells and are composed of a mixture of ribonucleic acid and proteins: a.Peroxisomes c.Glycoproteins b.Ribosomes d.Lysosomes The smallest cellular element in the blood is the: a.Platelet d.RBC b.Neutrophil e.Segmenter c.Lymphocyte All of the following are true of the glomerulus, except: a.it is encased in Bowman's Capsule b.impermeable to glucose c.permeable to proteins d.has a normal glomerular filtration rate of 125 ml/min. Blood clotting mechanisms include all of the following except: a.Prothrombin is catalyzed into thrombin b.Fibrinogen is converted into fibrin threads to from the clot c.Prothrombin acts as enzyme to convert fibrinogen into fibrin thread d.Prothrombin activator is formed in response to a ruptured vessel wall These occur when macrophages and some white blood cells ingest large particles: a.NOTA d.Pinocytosis b.AOTA e.Exocytosis c.Phagocytosis Your patients wound is being cleansed using a normal saline solution. You know that this solution is: a.0.19 % NaCl c.0.8 NaCl b.0.9% NaCl d.0.18 NaCl Immunoglobulin that is activated in allergic reactions: a.IgA d.Ig D b.Ig G e.Ig E c.Ig M A part of the auditory association cortex which analyzes speech so it can be understood: a. Brocas area c. primary auditory cortex b. Wernickes area d. prefrontal cortex A decrease in the velocity of impulse conduction through the A-V node will usually cause: a. the PR interval to increase b. the PR interval to decrease c. the disappearance of the T-wave d. increased heart rate Arteries can withstand higher pressures than veins of similar diameter because: a. A greater circumferential stress for a given pressure is generated in arteries than in veins. b. Arteries do not contain valves. c. Arteries have thicker media than veins of similar diameter. d. Arteries are more compliant than veins. A triangular area of smooth mucous membrane which lies between the two ureteral openings and the bladder outlet?

a. urethra c. bladder wall b. trigone d. ureter 35. What hormone is secreted by the outermost zone of the adrenal cortex and inhibits the amount of sodium excreted in the urine and helps to maintain blood volume and blood pressure? a. cortisol c. gonadocorticoids b. aldosterone d. epinephrine 36. Diffusion is a term for the movement of molecules from: a. an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration b. an adjacent are to a gradient area c. an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration d. a nucleus to the mitochondria 37. The sum of all chemical reactions in the body is termed: a. homeostasis c. dynamic feedback b. physiology d. metabolism 38. The nurse is assessing the axial skeleton of a client with osteoporosis. Which bones is the nurse assessing? a. Vertebrae and humerus c. Sternum and ribs b. Clavicle and scapula d. Sacrum and femur 39. Serum hypertonicity or hypernatremia will indicate which of the following a. Cellular dehydration c. Cellular homeostasis b. Cellular swelling d. None of these 40. The conduction system of the heart normally follows which of the following sequences? a. SA nodebundle of HisPurkinje fibers AV note b. SA nodeAV nodePurkinje fibers bundle of His c. AV nodeSA node bundle of HisPurkinje fibers d. SA nodeAV nodebundle of HisPurkinje fibers 41. In the ECG of your patient which is considered the hallmark of ischemia? a. ST segment elevation c. Abnormal Q wave b. ST segment depression d. T wave inversion 42. Which finding would the nurse expect to observe in a child with hypersecretion of LH? a. Precocious puberty c. Lack of menses b. Growth retardation d. Persistent milk secretion 43. Upon evaluation of your cardiac patient you noted the presence of bipedal edema. This could be due to: a. Right sided heart failure c. Pulmonary embolism b. Left sided heat failure d. Cardiogenic Shock 44. The normal WBC count in your blood examination is: a. 3,000 5,000/mm3 c. 10,000 15,000/mm3 b. 5,000 10,000/mm3 d. 15,000 20,000/mm3 45. In assessment of your Hypoglossal nerve, you would ask your patient to _____________ and if there would be a lesion, you would expect that the tongue / uvula would deviate ______________. a. say AH ; ipsilaterally b. say AH: ; contralaterally c. protrude the tongue ; ipsilaterally d. protrude the tongue; contralaterally 46. A Histamine response would include: a. Vasodilatation c. Bronchodilatation b. Paleness d. Both A and C 47. A termed described as decreased oxygen in the blood a. Hypoxygen c. Hypoxia b. Hypoxemia d. Hypoxygenesis 48. The following reflects Normal Values: a. PCO2 70 mmHg d. All of the above b. SaO2 80% e. None of the above c. PaO2 90 mmHg

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49. The patient has difficulty performing tandem walking and presents (+) in Rombergs Test. The patient has problem in: a. Strength c. Balance b. Endurance d. Flexibility 50. The following are considered ECF except: a. Interstitial Fluid c. Cytoplasm b. Intravascular Fluid d. None of the above 51. The most commonly fractured in the body would be: a. Radius c. Clavicle b. Humerus d. Scapula 52. The principal site for drug metabolism in the human body: a. Kidneys c. Intestine b. Liver d. Fat 53. During diastole: a. AV valves are open, Semilunar valves are open b. AV valves are close, Semilunar valves are close c. AV valves are close, Semilunar valves are open d. AV valves are open, Semilunar valves are close 54. Nutrient/s needed for RBC production: a. Vit B12 d.Both B and C b. Iron e. Both A and B c. Calcium 55. The nurse explains to a client that stress stimulates the sympathetic nervous system to produce which response? a. Decreased heart rate b. Constricted pupils c. Increased respiratory rate d. Hot, flushed skin 56. Which of the ff. laboratorytests indicate the presence of infection? a. ESR 12 mm/hr c. iron 90 g/100 ml b. WBC 18,000/mm3 d. neutrophils 67% 57. The patients exhibits (+) Chvosteks Test. The patient typically has: a. Hyperthyroidism c. Hypocalcemia b. Hypothyroidism d. Hypercalcemia 58. A patient has dry lips, dry skin, positive skin turgor and dehydrated. A normal body response should be: a. Increased Testosterone c. Increased ADH b. Decreased Testosterone d. Decreased ADH 59. The Human body is truly remarkable. Humans have muscle and therefore are capable of movement. And to be able to move, the human body must have a framework. How many bones are there in the human skeleton? a. 80 in the axial skeleton, 126 in the appendicular skeleton b. 75 in the axial skeleton, 131 in the appendicular skeleton c. 85 in the axial skeleton, 121 in the appendicular skeleton d. 79 in the axial skeleton, 127 in the appendicular skeleton 60. The human peripheral nervous system is composed of: a. 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves b. 10 pairs of cranial nerves and 32 pairs of spinal nerves c. 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 32 pairs of spinal nerves d. 10 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves 61. All of the following will greatly decrease GFR, Except: a. increased NaCl in the blood b. Vasoconstriction of blood vessels c. increased blood pressure d. Vasodilation of blood vessels

62. The tongue is the initiator of swallowing. And the taste sensation at posterior 1/3 part is being supplied by the facial nerve. a. First statement is true, Second statement is false b. First statement is false, Second statement is true c. Both statements are true d. Both statements are false 63. All of the following are true of the basal ganglia, except: a. parts include caudate nucleus, putamen and globuspallidus b. functions in the cognition of movement c. is considered extra pyramidal d. none of these 64. S3 heart sound corresponds to: a. AV closure c. Ventricular Gallop b. SL closure d. Atrial Gallop 65. You are reading a patients echocardiogram. All of the following are associated abnormalities in the QRS complex, except: a. Atrial problems b. Ventricular origin of tachycardia c. Ventricular hypertrophy or other ventricular abnormalities d. Bundle branch block (when wide) 66. To maintain homeostasis, body temperature is regulated by the hypothalamus the following are mechanisms for heat loss, except: a. Increase in PR b. Sweating c. Dilation of blood vessels d. Shivering 67. Osteoarthritis affects the large joints in the body particularly the knee. The knee joint is functionally classified as which type of joint? a. Synarthrodial c. Diarthrodial b. Ampiarthrodial d. Syndesmoses 68. Which of the following are false of the mitosis, except? a. In, Prophase, chromatin fibers condense into paired chromatids and the nuclear envelop and nucleolus disappears. b. In Anaphase, centromeres of chromaid pairs line up at the metaphase plate. c. In Metaphase, centromeres split; identical sets of chromosomes move to the opposite poles of the cell. d. In Telophase, replication of of DNA and Chromosomes 69. Arrest of bleeding is termed as: a. Homeostasis c. Hemostan b. Hemostasis d. Hemolysis 70. R.A.W. is a client with a history of Myasthenia Gravis. She asks the nurse why the disease has occurred. The nurse bases the reply on the knowledge that there is: a. A genetic defect in the production of acetylcholine b. A reduced amount of neurotransmitter acetylcholine c. A decreased number of functioning acetylcholine receptor d. An inhibition of the enzyme AChE leaving the end plates folded 71. The vas deferens is a: a. Storage for spermatozoa b. Site of spermatozoa production c. Conduit for spermatozoa d. Passageway of semen 72. Stimulation of the anterior hypothalamus causes all of the following, except: a. Sweating c. Increased respiration b. Cutaneous vasodilation d. Shivering

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73. Daylight and color vision is dependent on the integrity of the: a. Ganglion cells d. Ossicular chain b. Amacrine cells e. Cone receptors c. Rod receptors

74. Main venous drainage of the neck: a. Maxillary vein c. Anterior jugular vein b. Internal jugular vein d. Retromandibular vein 75. This connective tissue filament passes through the subarachnoid space to the end of the dura and continues its attachment to the coccyx. It is the caudal continuation of the pia mater: a. Coccyx c. Filumterminale b. Cauda equine d. Conusmedullaris 76. The conusmedullaris mediates defecation, while the sacral segments of the spinal cord mediate micturition. a. First statement is true, second statement is false b. First statement is false, second statement is true. c. Both statement s are true d. Both statements are false 77. Which if the following is considered true of Glucagon? a. Promote entry of glucose into tissue cells b. Decrease blood glucose concentrations c. Increase blood glucose concentrations d. Convert glucose into glycogen 78. Lesion on the anterior lobe of the pituitary will result in

____: a. Decrease production of follicle-stimulating hormone b.Increased production of thyrotropin-releasing hormone c. Decreased production of prolactin-inhibiting hormone d. Increased production of adrenocorticotropic hormone e. Decreased production of somatostatin 79. Blood clotting mechanisms include all of the following except: a. Prothrombin is catalyzed into thrombin b. Fibrinogen is converted into fibrin threads to from the clot c. Prothrombin acts as enzyme to convert fibrinogen into fibrin thread d. Prothrombin activator is formed in response to a ruptured vessel wall 80. Burn classification that involves only the outer epidermis. The involved area may be red with slight edema a. Superficial burn b. Superficial partial thickness burn c. Deep partial thickness burn d. Full thickness burn e. Subdermal burn

TOPNOTCHERS aren't born; They are RAISED.

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