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Globetrotter Unit 19 Test

Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ___________________ Grade: ____________ / 100 points
Reading Strategies (25 points 5 each) Instruo: as questes de nmeros 1 a 5 referem-se ao texto seguinte. (UFSCAR) Water 1 When the wells dry, we know the worth of water. Benjamin Franklin quoted those prophetic words nearly two and a half centuries ago, when Americas wells both literally and figuratively overflowed with water. 2 Today those same wells are in danger of running dry, and along with the rest of the world we face a critical shortage of clean, fresh water. 3 The problem is not the supply of water; earth has virtually the same amount today as it did when dinosaurs roamed the planet. Ninety-seven percent of that supply is in the form of salt water. Only 3 percent is fresh, and two-thirds of that is ice. 4 The problem is simply people our increasing numbers and our flagrant abuse of one of our most precious, and limited, resources. 5 A computer-graphics rendition of the United States dramatizes the problem. According to it, California and Idaho show the areas of highest use, thanks largely to crop irrigation. In California, for example, 78 percent of the water used goes to agriculture and only 22 percent for urban needs. 6 Altogether the United States withdraws 339 billion gallons of ground and surface water a day. Although four trillion gallons of water falls on us daily in the form of precipitation, much of that disappears in evaporation and runoff, and our rivers and springs are being dangerously polluted and exhausted. Occasionally, as with the catastrophic flooding of the upper Mississippi Valley last summer, we seem cursed with an overabundance of water, but such events are mercifully rare. 7 There is, of course, no substitute for water; it has already begun to replace oil as a major cause of confrontation in the Middle East. The confrontations can only grow and widen. 8 A team of top photographers, writers, and editors crisscrossed North America, exploring peoples attitudes, habits, and perceptions of water. The team found historic mismanagement of water, blatant cases of waste and pollution, and widespread ignorance of water problems. Yet they also found a growing awareness of the challenges water presents and an encouraging readiness to face them. 9 One thing is certain: We must mend our ways. The United States uses three times as much water a day 2,100 liters per person as the average European country, and astronomically more water than most developing nations. When we realize that it can take 1,500 liters of fresh water merely to produce one 250-gram steak, then as Benjamin Franklin put it we know the worth of water. 10 The question is how well we will use that knowledge.
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(Adaptado de: William Graves, Introduction in National Geographic Special Edition: Water. Washington, D. C., Nov. 1993.)

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1. Segundo o texto, as palavras profticas de Benjamin Franklin: a) levam os americanos a enfrentar o problema da falta de gua, da mesma forma que os povos das outras partes do mundo; b) fazem com que os americanos reflitam sobre o problema da falta de gua que os povos da Europa e da sia enfrentam; c) despertam na mente dos americanos a curiosidade com relao estratgia que os outros povos utilizam para enfrentar a falta de gua; d) indicam que os poos correm o risco de secar e, assim como os demais povos do mundo, os americanos enfrentam o problema da falta de gua. 2. A informao prestada por Graves nos pargrafos de 3 a 5 indica que: a) a quantidade de gua doce vem diminuindo desde o tempo em que os dinossauros vagavam pelo planeta; b) as reservas de gua doce deixariam de diminuir, se os Estados da Califrnia e do Idaho utilizassem menos gua na agricultura; c) o problema da falta de gua no a sua quantidade, que continua sendo a mesma do tempo dos dinossauros; d) a falta de gua seria amenizada, se Estados como Califrnia e Idaho deixassem de atender todas as necessidades urbanas. 3. Segundo o texto: a) a poluio dos rios e mananciais da Amrica do Norte, assim como de outras partes do mundo, est sob controle; b) o controle da poluio e do desperdcio nos rios e mananciais dos Estados Unidos vem se tornando uma atividade perigosa; c) se as enchentes que ocorrem no Vale do Mississppi se tornarem mais raras, a poluio poder ser controlada nos Estados Unidos; d) os rios e mananciais da Amrica do Norte esto sendo perigosamente poludos e exauridos. 4. O texto afirma que: a) podem ser necessrios at 1.500 litros de gua limpa para produzir um fil de 250 gramas; b) para lavar 1.500 kg de carne, torna-se necessria a mesma quantidade de gua; c) a produo de carne se d de acordo com a necessidade de aproveitamento da gua; d) a reduo na produo de carne bovina poder reduzir o desperdcio de gua. 5. Segundo o texto, o que vem acontecendo no Oriente Mdio com relao gua? a) A gua vem substituindo o petrleo como principal causa de conflitos; b) Conflitos esto acontecendo devido falta de gua; c) Pessoas esto morrendo por falta de recursos provenientes da gua; d) Cientistas esto trabalhando arduamente para encontrar a causa das doenas que a gua est causando.

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Word Study (25 points 5 each) Choose the best alternative: 1. Have you seen the ________ on TV about the recent changes in the vestibular? a) notice b) news c) prejudice d) crop 2. During a __________ its wet and very windy. a) drought b) earthquake c) hurricane d) lightning 3. There are a lot of car _________ in So Paulo. a) factories b) fabric c) crops d) harvests 4. In a thunderstorm it is very __________, windy. Theres also a lot of __________ and lightning. a) sunny; flowers b) dry; snow c) hot ; rain d) wet; thunder 5. Ive been keeping a _________ with notes about the things I do every day since I was a child. a) dairy b) loss c) harm d) diary Using Grammar (25 points 5 each) Choose the best alternatives to complete the text below. (ITA) SINGAPORE In the 1950s a bilingual educational system (1)______ introduced in Singapore, with English used as a unifying and utilitarian medium alongside Chinese, Malay, or Tamil. However, English remained the language of government and the legal system, and retained its importance in education and the media. Its use (2)________ steadily increasing among the general population. In a 1975 survey, only 27 per cent of people over age 40 claimed to understand English, whereas among 15 20year-olds, the proportion was over 87 per cent. (3)________ also evidence of quite widespread use in family settings. In such an environment, therefore, it is not surprising that a local variety (Singaporean English) (4)_________ to emerge.

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MALAYSIA The situation (5)_________ very different in Malaysia where, following independence (1957), Bahasa Malaysia was adopted as the national language, and the role of English accordingly became more restricted. Malay-medium education was introduced, with English as an obligatory subject but increasingly being seen as a value for international rather than intranational purposes more a foreign language than a second language. The traditional prestige attached to English still exists, for many speakers, but the general sociolinguistic situation is not one which motivates the continuing emergence of a permanent variety of Malaysian English.
The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. David Crystal CUP, 1995.

Glossary

steadily - de maneira consistente 1. a) has c) was a) has also been c) also 3. a) have c) does have 4. a) should begin b) must have c) could have done d) should have begun 5. a) wasnt c) has b) is d) had been b) there is d) is there b) is d) has been b) has too d) was also

2.

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Think and Write (25 points) Hild is your e-pal from Iceland, and shes spending some time in London. Read this e-mail. Hi there : ) Its been a long time since we last chatted on Carakmail. How are you doing? Things here in London are quite the same. As I said before I miss Icelandic food very much. Im not used to eating fries and fish every single day, not to mention that meat is very expensive in here. In Iceland we usually have milk, seaweed and lamb for breakfast and for dinner. I miss it And in Brazil? What do you guys usually eat every day? Write soon Hild Write an e-mail back to Hild answering her question about what we usually eat in Brazil.

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ANSWER KEY
Reading Strategies 1. d A resposta est nos seguintes trechos do texto: 1 pargrafo: When the wells dry, we know the worth of water. Benjamin Franklin quoted those prophetic words nearly two and a half centuries ago, when Americas wells both literally and figuratively overflowed with water. (Quando o poo seca, sabemos o valor da gua, disse Benjamin Franklin h dois sculos e meio, quando os poos dos EUA tanto literal quanto figurativamente transbordaram.) 2 pargrafo: Today those same wells are in danger of running dry, and along with the rest of the world we face a critical shortage of clean, fresh water. (Hoje, aqueles mesmos poos correm o risco de secar, e, juntamente com o resto do mundo, ns (americanos) enfrentamos uma diminuio crtica da gua limpa e fresca.) 2. c A resposta encontra-se no trecho: The problem is not the supply of water; earth has virtually the same amount today as it did when dinosaurs roamed the planet. (O problema no a quantidade de gua; a Terra tem, hoje, virtualmente, a mesma quantidade de gua que tinha quando os dinossauros andavam pelo planeta.) 3. d L-se no seguinte trecho do texto: ... and our rivers and springs are being dangerously polluted and exhausted. (E os nossos rios e mananciais esto sendo perigosamente poludos e exauridos.) 4. a Encontra-se no pargrafo 9: When we realize that it can take 1,500 liters of water merely to produce one 250-gram steak (Quando nos damos conta de que se pode precisar de 1.500 litros de gua simplesmente para produzir um fil de 250 gramas) 5. a A resposta est no seguinte trecho do 7 paragrfo: it has already begun to replace oil as a major cause of confrontation in the Middle East. Word Study 1. b 2. c 3. a 4. d 5. d Using Grammar 1. c 2. a 3. b 4. d 5. b

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