WOMEN EMPOWERMENT Gandhiji always expressed about the status of women.

He always advocated the work of Ram Mohan Roy in elevating the status of women. Gandhiji was of opinion that women should have equal political rights, and equal freedom is their birth right .Moreover some social malice against women like sati practice, child marriage, dowry, monogamy etc. should be abolished from society.Women empowerment simply means womens participation in decision making and development of her life. Women are a wonderful human resource that has been under-utilized for centuries. In India women have outshined men in every departments in which they had been provided opportunities. We have to accept the fact that things are not going to change overnight but because of this we cannot stop taking action either. At this juncture the most important step is to initiate ground level actions however small it might seem. The ground level actions should be focused towards changing the social attitude and practices prevalent in the society which are highly biased against women. It seems very odd that a country which is being governed by petticoat government (a ruling by female) is seeking security and upliftment. Now problems have been changed, earlier these were: sati system, purdah system, devdasi system, child marriage and now these have been replaced by dowry, harassment, immoral traffic of women, rape etc. Women empowerment in India is a challenging task as we need to acknowledge the fact that gender based discrimination is a deep rooted social malice practiced in India in many forms since thousands of years. Education is an effective tool in the emancipation and empowerment of women. The greatest single factor which can incredibly improve the status of women in any society is education. It is requisite that education enables women not only to gain more knowledge about the world outside of her home but helps her to get status, positive self esteem, and self confidence , necessary courage and inner strength to face challenges in life. Universalization of elementary education, promotion of bal-wadies and crutches, increasing number of schools and colleges of arts , science, and professional for girls , polytechniques, girls hostels, multipurpose institutions and adult education programmes are some of the steps being taken by both central and state governments in India to boost-up womens education.One of the recommendations of National Policy on Education (1986) by the Government of India is to promote empowerment of women. WHY LITERACY RATIO IS LESS: 1) The LESS Enrollment IN SCHOOLS 3) Dowry 2) Bonded Labour System 4) Poor School Environment for girls

5) Child Labour system 8) Early marriage 6) Cast System 9) Poverty 7) More drop-out rate among girls from schools Female feticide and infanticide is starring the nation as one of the biggest social crisis. The year 2001 was declared as the National policy for empowerment of women. So it is time to ask the question whether we are moving in the right direction and where are we in terms of the paper actions and the actual ground realities. There is an attitude which still prevails in India where women are considered to be only worthwhile of household activities and managing the children. The veil system, child marriage and dowry are testimonies to this truth. If we just look at the sex ratio it will show the plight of women in India. It is the lowest at around 933. Female literacy is just 54.16 % as per 2001 Census. In Indian parliament and assemblies women have never represented more than 10%. Most of the women workers in India are outside the organized sector? As I mentioned before the government had declared 2001 as the women's empowerment year but nothing much has happened even after that. Majority of Women in India are poor, uneducated and insufficiently trained. There are many laws and there have been many amendments that have been carried out to end the discrimination against women and empower women in all aspects of life. Now what is the solution? The only solution is for women to come together as a unifying force and take actions at the ground level. Let it happen even if it is at a slow pace initially but it must happen. Women empowerment in India is not possible unless violence against women is eradicated from the society. National Commission of women was created in 1992.To reemphasize once again, women's empowerment cannot take place unless women come together and decide to self-empower themselves. Womens world congress held at Nairobi in the year 1985 released a document about empowerment of women. This doc highlighted the political participation should be reserved 35% of the total seats. The 73rd constitution amendment act empowers the women status by giving them one third of the total seats in politics.The national commission for women was

setup on 31st January 1992 in pursuance of the national commission for women act, 1990. The basic idea is to safeguard womens rights and to promote their status. The commission has a chairman, members and a member secretary, all nominated by the central government. Presently Mrs. Vyas is the chairperson of this commission. Women empowerment can also solve a problem that I reckon the most serious and need immediate response by government and us, Population Explosion. When they are working, this also has potential to reduce domestic violence as they are less dependent on their husband or anyone else. Women empowerment would also reduce the menace of dowry, that is, she should come with gifts and endowment. Although, in my opinion, it was a legal lacuna as in none of the schools of Hindu personal law women had power to inherit, this was compensated through gifts etc by her parents to her in marriage when she dissociate her relationship from them. Now, Government has done away with this legal lacuna by entitling women to inherit the family property under the Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005. An awareness of contraceptives to avoid unwanted baby can bring down the fertility rate to even further and result would be substantial as India still lives in her villages, education to promote their socio-economic status, this would constitute a true women empowerment. As Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru said if you educate a man you educate an individual, however, if you educate a woman you educate a whole family. Women empowered means mother India empowered.(1050 words) MEDIA AND T.R.P(TELIVISION RATIO POINT) Media plays a role of forth pillar in society. There are multiple forms of media: -print media and -electronic media are the main among the society. Article 19(1) of the constitution of India guarantees the fundamental right to freedom of speech and expression, Article 19(2) this right can be restricted by law, Article 19(2) to (6) freedom of expression of the press must be interpreted on the basis of the concept of reasonable restrictions under constitutional provisions. Just because of having a heavy status in democracy, media must keep a strict eye on the functioning of democratic setup.

More than 95% people speak the language of media and ponder the facts those are aired or published by media. The mis-functioning of media creates crisis and ambiguity in democratic setup .Mostly media houses are owned by business groups or political parties. Commercialization and corporatization has become the backbone of media groups. Breaking news and buzzing news weather it effects positively or not on the lives of common people, but is utmost priority of media channels. In present scenario it is being felt that gradually media is losing its own grip from sensitive issues. Somehow sting operations consolidate the image of media but the consequences weaken the faith of a common man in the mechanism of media. The real meaning of media has been lost somewhere in the corridor of labyrinth. Political parties and bureaucracy should be focused more than common people about malpractice in social issues. Babas, astrologer, serial artists, promotion of movies etc. have become first choice of news channels. After an accident, dead bodies are shown in a way that anybody can be perplexed and reporters questions to the victims or their kins are so ridiculous. In these contexts, there is a need to have regulatory body like TRAI, but it should not be governed by govt. bodies or politicians. There should be a department to receive feedback from society and if the programmes are objectionable then those should be banned.Media-groups should go in righteous direction to ensure that democracy functioning and operations should not be violated. In democracy, common man is the power of nation so media should ensure its functioning to strengthen the welfare of common people. The press council of India (PCI) which was established under the press council act 1978, has a right to censure, warn or dismiss the paper , the same should be implemented in electronic media.(404 words) Educational reforms In present scenario, the need of the hour is , Are we going in the right direction in our educational scenario? The govt. policies to distribute inadequate education system to nation have raised so many controversies and youth is standing very furious against govt. on the issue of new quota system.

It seems that earlier india was fighting with License Raj and now it has been Quota Raj. Now the question arise, would quota system bring prosperity in India ? Indias IIMs havent got rank among top 20 B Scools of the world and Doctors ,Engineers are believing in Brain-Drain just due to insufficient strategies and lacuna in education system. The govt. has finally taken concrete step to reform higher education, 12 central univ. and 4 existing univ. (with up gradation) will be setup in future and for this union cabinet issued an ordinance in January 2009. There were 1617 engineering colleges in the country as on 31st July, 2007 but more than 60 per cent of these were located in just five states, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Uttar Pradesh. Similarly, more than 60 per cent of the countrys 271 medical colleges are located in just six states. The govt. planning to set up high class institutes in different parts of the country. Prof. Yashpal committee which was set up in February last year is already on the job, considering the role of the UGC and All India Council for Technical Education. The world of todays is of science, new inventions and competitions to excel over the other. We can be proud to be a part of our great country but the world is comparing on the basis of higher education and learning. Now -a-days, we find that there is much crowd in the higher education also. The ratio of teachers as compared to pupils is very low and the teachers don't have any personal feelings with the students. And thus higher education is examination ridden. Easy and shortcut methods are being adopted to achieve success. The students are getting fascinated to all things except books. The dependence on the Examinations only is the main cause of failure in our education system. No real or practical knowledge is learnt by the students. There is a big gap between the practical life and education in colleges. Going to colleges is considered a place of enjoyment in paradise for the students. However, their sweet dreams are shattered when they come out of colleges and face the actual life. Vocationalisation of education is the need of the hour. More and more technical and vocational institutions need to be started where training modules in practical aspects of career must be compulsory. Now, Kapil Sibal(HRDMinister) is set to change the face of higher education as well.

Sibal will initiate the second phase of reforms in the higher education sector with a number of laws, including one that will make taking capitation fee a criminal offence. "The Sibal and (minister of state for HRD) D. Purandeswari team is one which any country can be legitimately proud of as national leaders," the Prime Minister said. So, the HRD ministry is on a fast track with this new 'team' at the helm of affairs. It has already sent the Educational Malpractices Bill to the law ministry for final inspection. The Bill will enable people to lodge a complaint with a criminal court or an education tribunal against an institution that charges capitation fee or misleads students on the infrastructure, faculty, courses and facilities it provides. Human Resources Development Minister Kapil Sibal has proposed radical changes in school education in India. He wants to "de-traumatise" education by making the Class 10 Board Exams optional; he wants to create a single and pan-Indian board for Class 12 exams and he wants to replace marks by grades in Classes 9 and 10 of CBSE-affiliated schools. he wants a regulatory authority in higher education in which "there would be no political interference." "I am talking about 88 per cent of the people in India who are not talked about. This education reform is for them," Sibal told CNN-IBN in an interview two weeks ago. One Nation, One Education Board Sibal clarified one-nation, one-board was a long-term proposal and would be attempted only if states agree. As per the constitution of India (86th Amendment-2002) all children in the age group 6 to 14 years have a fundamental right to free and compulsory education as will be detailed in law by the government. Formal and structural aspects Right To Education (RTE) bill was introduced in October 2005. Recently dynamic changes in Civil Service Examination are the remarkable changes which will reflect on complete education system. Conclusion There is a need to spread awareness about education and its fragrance. (798 words)

Internal security A nation is also called a mother-land but do we secure the Nations as it should be done, then answer is partially Yes. In the last 10 years we have witnessed the heart-rendering terrorist episodes. Politicization to criminalization & criminalization to politicization both are taking place in our society. After an attack, ritualistic process of condemnations, visit, setting up a committee and the cycle goes on & on till the issue gets faded out of the people mind. Naxalism, terrorism, ULFA & other anti-social elements are annihilating integrity. The state-power is very commendable but can crush any unsocial unlawful activities but the dispute between state & central government leads it to in favour of terrorists.Infiltration and neighbouring countries support somehow uplifting the problem.Now, there is a need to have conceptual framework within the boundary of the nation & for this there should be more & effective organization like Raw, NIA, SIT,NSG etc.But as in the case if Mumbai attack, we have seen that lack of co-operation & synchronization, operation was not upto the level.The interference of political parties & law-flexibility are the main come of our failure. Kasab, Afjal Guru are the live examples of the dance/mockery of democracy. In the present scenario; we have been the birth of Naxalism (1967) & now under the guidance & mentoring of Mr. Charu Majundar, destructive team has become an army against our own due to the state & central mal-functioning activities. In the conclusion, I must say that POTA & TADA kind of acts should be more Harsh than before.Recently, we got Non-Permanent membership is U.N, the reason is obvious that the whole world knows that internal security with the support of external security has become threat for Indians.States need to work on unity & politicians need to come up with nationality & commitments for nation rather that vote bank issues.(309 words) Women-Reservation Bill Once again, Vote- bank mentality is acting as a hindrance on the path of WomenReservation Bill. Throughout history, women have undergone a continuous process of ups & down & still in this Equal-man-woman-shoulder society is going the same. The national commission for womens act-1990 is there, but that is not a complete solution.Firstly womens reservation bill was drafted by HD Dave Gowda in sep-12-1996. Presently this bill is called One hundred & eighth amendment act2008. This issue is

consisted was pros & cons too, if comparison is done in favour we find Sweden has 45% reservation & around 25 countries have around 25 to 30% while U.S.A. & U.K. have not given any reservations to women. One side empowerment of women is discussed over the country & on the other hand, it is neglected by political parties. Though, 33.3% seats in Panchayat elections have been reserved for women already. Degradation of Pakistan is generally done by Indians but as a matter of fact about women reservation, Pakistan is ranked of 40 while India has 134th rank among 183 countries. If we go through the approach of different parties we find: Rashtriya Janta Dal- favourting the bill but separate quota should be for sc, st & obc women. DMK- It should be done later, first reservation of backward classes should be done first. CPI /CPM- Agree on this issue & advocating for 180 seats in LokSabha. BJP- Agree on this issue but disagree on quota within the quota. UPA- Trying to introduce the bill. Conclusion- the need of the hour is to change mindset of society & somehow. Bill can bring new dimensions in the lives of women but moreover women need to break the Ice & occupy great positions. But the way, to snatch & tear the bill copies, was adopted by anti-bill politicians should not be adopted by any politicians in Parliament House.(314 words) CWG Common wealth games or common worst games these both titles were in the mind of Indians before the opening ceremony of the games. We always have witnessed the fake hype of media, just to raise the TRP. They started working on CWG as a TV serial for 30 days. On 3rd 0ct, for the beleaguered organizing committee (OC) of the Delhi games 2010, the helium balloon was not only the highlight of the opening ceremony but also the herald of its success after a series of disaster. Delhi is a sprawling city of around 1.5 crore people which makes securing every bit of a difficult task. The 17 venues for the various events, Plus the games village, were spread across different parts of the city. In the end, all of this was done with a seriousness and professionalism that is worth the highest praise. The credit most, of course, goes to the various agencies involved in this mammoth task Delhi Police, paramilitary forces like the CISF & CRPF and other states police. One of the unintended & happy consequences of this CWG is that it announces the rise of this new, professional, cosmopolitan Delhi as Indias number one city. A name was in the Air every time, who is Kalmadi? A member of parliament in the lok sabha and rajya sabha on a

congress ticket since 1982. He has been a youth congress leader from Maharashtra and minister of state for railways in the congress government. The games investigation is equally likely to see several extensions till it fades from public memory. Or at last, small fish will be forced to take the blame. There are certain facts that compel us do think like, Rs. 70000 crores bring a bad image referring to the total amount spent in the 12 days mega sporting event. Our stadiums were empty, why govt. did not invite the children of those laboures? who built the stadium.A significant feature of the Indian success story at these games is the return of rural India, and we are not even talking about Sushil Kumar. The phenomenon lends legitimacy to the fact the many of sporting heroes from the rural land.Among the most heart warming stories to emerge from the CWG was surely the victory of Indian women who bagged gold, silver & bronze medals. Mostly girls from Haryana proved their potentials though we know Haryana has one of the worst records of male-female ratios. But one question will always tickle in our mind about CWG i.e. the absence of Usain Bolt and Stephanie Rice and other superstars miss the show, Does the India-show hold meaning? The hardcore sports observer will say NO. In the last, India ranked 2nd position in CWG with 32 Golds, 25 Silver, 32 Bronze medals. But some questions are in the mind of every Indian & mine too:1. With the games over, should allegations of corruption now be investigated? 2. Were the games a success or a flop? 3. Have the games enhanced or damaged Indias image? 4. Has the India arrived as a sporting nation? 5. Do we think India should bid for the 2020 Olympics? (525 words) A WAY TO WRITE SENTENCES WITH EFFECTIVEVOCABULARY Intrinsic WEAKNESS Persistent CONSIDERATION Accurate /conflicting/hypothetical DESCRIPTION Important/predominant/mandatory ISSUE Frantic/immense/serious and sustained/extreme/stupendous EFFORT Conflicting destructive/conservative/contemporary ELEMENT Staggering /considerable/overwhelming/turbulent/irrational/frightening EXPERIENCE Highly-civilized/insignificant/inquisitive/profane and violent /lugubrious/disgustingly and foul mouthed/most eccentric PERSON Shocking/wonderful PHENOMENA Satisfactory /beautiful and uplifting/substantial /numerous CAUSE Apologetic/haggard/awful/more perceptive /paradoxical /contradictory /conventional/distinctive WAY

 Affective and rational/passionate/intellectual/subjective/considerable SIGNIFICANCE Melancholy /retrospective/dreadful/ earnest REFLECTION Exquisite/magnifying/problematic /repulsive QUALITY Comprehensive/orthodox /unrelenting MORALITY Trifling/peculiar /mythological /uncircumscribed IMPORTANCE Most sanguine/unquenchable/exuberant HOPE Challenging /impetuous/ironical/burning/profound and complex QUESTION Pettifogging /impulsive/unfortunate /wicked /feeble/analytic /most reckless ATTEMPT FOR EXAMPLE: FLEXIBILITY OF LAW IS INTRINSIC WEAKNESS OF INDIAN DEMOCRACY , THAT IS WHY ANTI-SOCIAL ELEMENTS AVAIL THIS WEAKNESS , GOVT SHOULD WORK ON ACCRUATE DESCRIPTION OF LAW IN THE MEANS OF UPLIFTING AND MAINTAINING THE INTEGRITY OF NATION. THERE ARE SOME PREDOMINANT ISSUES NEED TO BE RESOLVED FOR THE SAKE OF SOCIAL FABRIC............................................ POLITICS UNSTABLE GOVERNMENT / COALITION GOVT./ PROXY WAR / DISCRIMINATION / DOMINANCE POWER ANTI-INDIA FEELING / TO FORM A GOVT. / PARLIAMENTARY ACTION/ ALLIANCES/ REGIONAL RIVALRY/ NATIONAL INTEGRITY / LUST FOR POWER/ CONSTITUTIONAL ETHICS / DEFAMATION BILL/ POLITICIZE/ CRIMINALIZE /GANDHISM / SHAKY GOVT./ SOVEREIGNTY / NO WAR-PACT / LEGISLAITION / NATIONAL DEMOCARTIC ALLIANCE(NDA)/ UNITED PROGRESSIVE ALLIANCE (UPA)/ RULING / REGIME/ COLONIZATION/ COMMON MINIMUM PROGRAM/ DEFAMATION BILL/ HOOLIGANISM /MANIPULATE /SOCIAL FEBRIC/ CONSTITUENCY/INTERNATIONAL CONDEMNATION /FAVOURITISM & CORRUPTION/ NEPOTISM/ PATRIOTISM/ TABOO

CO MM ON TOO

1) 2) 3)

LS (A VERY EASY WAY TO WRITE EFFECTIVE SENTENCES IN YOUR OWN WAY) IF WE THINK HYPOTHETICALLY..... WE MAY NEED PRECISE DEFINITION FOR THIS THERE IS A NEED TO SYMBOLIZE THE ISSUE ...

4) COMPREHENSIVE TREATMENT COULD HELP... 5) IN THIS MATERIALISTIC WORLD... 6) DUE TO THE LETHARGIC REASONS... 7) WITH THE SUBSTANTIAL SKILLS... 8) THERE IS A NEED TO SETUP A MILE STONE ... 9) WE NEED TO HAVE CONTEMPLATIVE FRAMEWORK.... 10) WE SHOULD FOLLOW SOME PROTOCOLS... 11) WITHOUT FUTURISTIC PLAN, IT COULD.... 12) PARADOXICAL THOUGHT ALWAYS LEADS US TOWARDS THE.... 13) THE SOCIAL FABRIC OF SOCIETY IS BEING.... 14) WITH IRONICAL KNOWLEDGE, ONE CANNOT HAVE POSITIVE THINKING ABOUT... 15) EXQUISITE COURTESY IS REQUIRED TO BRING HEALTHY CHANGES IN... 16) SOME TIME THE FLICKERING EFFORTS COULD UPLIFT THE STATUS OF ....VALUES.... 17) BUT , LINGERING & CONSUMPTIVE PASSION CAN HAMPER THE PROGRESS OF ... 18) IN THIS REGARD,CONTEMPLATIVE FRAMEWORK TO PROMOTE SOCIAL STRUCTURE IS PRE-REQUISITE OF PRESENT SCENARIO, SO ... 19) THERE IS A NEED OF PERSISTENT CONSIDERATION TO DEVELOP THE SOCIETY IN A MEANINGFUL WAY... 20) GOVT. SHOULD TAKE SOME PROMINENT STEPS TO HAVE DYNAMIC CHANGES IN.... 21) THE MOST INNOVATIVE IDEA TO HAVE ...............REFORMS IS TO INTRODUCE SUBSTANTIAL APPROACH IN THE MEANS OF............. FOR EXAMPLE NAXALISM IF WE THINK HYPOTHETICALLY NAXALISM IS A PROBLEM BUT GOVT. IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THIS.WE MAY NEED PRECISE DEFINITION FOR THIS ISSUE BEFORE GOING INTO THE DETAILS OF NAXALISM. THERE IS A NEED TO SYMBOLIZE THE ISSUE AMONG SOCIETY. COMPREHENSIVE TREATMENT COULD HELP US TO OVERCOME THIS PROBLEM.IN THIS MATERIALISTIC WORLD WHERE EVERYBODY IS IN THE RACE OF WEALTH AND SOCIAL STATUS ....................................................................................................................