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THE CONTROL : REGULATION AND LOGIC

Feed back

V I

AVR

A V R1 Automatic Regulator

Converter 1

IPlant Power supply Control and supervision logic.

Feed back

V I

AVR

AVR2 Automatic Regulator

Converter 2

With the purpose to offer an high degree of reliability and to guarantee the continuity of the operation in case of regulator damage the solution adopted is double regulation channel WITH cross pulse from regulator to converter The following operative mode are possible i:

AVR1 AVR2 AVR1 AVR2

CONV1 CONV2 CONV2 CONV1

AVR1 2 are realized by two digital regulators Control and supevision logic is realized by PLC ( Logical Programmable Controller) and rel
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THE REGULATOR

Local terminal V I

AVR Automatic Regulator Digital. regulator Digital Phase shifter Converter pulses

Power supply

Control logic

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REGULATOR HARDWARE

Regulator and phase shifter are implemented in electronic cards (EUROPA 2 STANDARD), see figure :

DIGITAL REGULATOR HARDWARE

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PLC

CPU

I/O

Display

CONTROL (AVR1/AVR2)

plant

The logics of command, control, signalling and supervision of the excitation are realized through a logic programmable device : the PLC. The PLC is constituted by CPU and I/O modules:

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Control panel (AVR)

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FUNCTIONS REALIZED INTO DIGITAL REGULATOR

Voltage reference generation Automatic voltage regulation Manual Regulation ( excitation current) Drop Compensation PSS Q Zero request Line Voltage matching (option) Cosfi regulation Reactive power regulation

Rotor current limit Under excitation limit Voltage frequency Limit

Stand by regolator follow up

Rotor temperature calculation Static starter coordination

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Generator Volage main loop

Vrif

+ VM

Icon

c d e

Iexc

software

LEGEND a Generator b AVR c Excitation voltage loop d Pulse amplifier e Converter

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COMPOUND CHARACTERISTIC Reactive droop compensation (compound), has the purpose to compensate the external reactance of the step-up transformer or to allow the sharing of the reactive load between several parallel generators

Vm
POSITIVE Compound=0 NEGATIVE

Voltage Reference

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Power system stabilizer (PSS)

Pss is a device that improves the damping of generator electromechanichal oscillations modifing the regulator set-point on the basis of active power and the frequency feedback. Electrical Power transient without and with PSS

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Generator voltage reference

Generator Voltage Reference increasing ( soft start) with settable duration ( soft start duration about 20 s) Soft start final value is 100% Vn Possibility to change the reference from Vmin (80%) to Vmax ( 110% .) The duration is settable (normally is 60 s)

Vm ---------- Vmax
Soft start final value

-----------

Vmin

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