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Definition of Gerunds

A gerunds is a verbal that ends in – ing


and function as a noun. The term verbal
indicates that a gerund, like the other two
kinds of verbals, is based on a verb and
therefore expresses action or state of being.
However, since a gerund functions as a
noun ordinarily would for example : subject,
object, complement, passive, preposition,
gerunds after certain verbs, gerund/ to
infinitive after verbs, after certain phrase,
after preposition+verb, after
adjective+preposition, after
noun+preposition.

1. Gerund as subject
○ Reading is my hobby
○ Crossing the desert is very tiresome
○ Smoking is bad for your health

1. Gerund as object
○ He loves hunting
○ They finish speaking
○ I don’t like smoking

1. Gerund as complement
○ That is cleaning the floor
○ This is decorating the room in a proper way

1. Gerund as subject from passive sentences


○ Their accepting the money will be considered
○ Her cleaning the houses everyday is not necessary
○ His keeping accuratehas never been questioned

1. Gerund used to after preposition


without, after, before, instead of, about, by

○ Before leaving the house, I locked the door


○ Instead of working, they are talking

1. Gerund used to after certain verbs


stop finish postpone excuse consider
detest admit defer sugesst involve
prevent resent fancy keep resist
avoid delay imagine understand
mind forgive risk anticipate

○ They enjoy playing football


○ The wind stops blowing
○ She suggested waiting till down

1. Gerund / to infinitive used by after verbs


begin, start, continue
attemp, intend, can’t bear
love, like, hate, prefer
remember, regret
permit, allow, advise, recommed
it needs/requires/want
try, propose, mean, go on, used to

○ I begin working or I begin to work


○ He likes going to market or he likes to go to market
○ I try speaking English or I try to speak English

1. Gerund used to after certain phrase


it’s no use..., it’s no good..., would you mind..(-/?), can’t help...,
can’t stop..., can’t stand..., it’s worth...
○ I think it is no use trying again
○ I can’t help feeling angry about it
○ would you mind waiting a moment?

1. Gerund used after preposition+verb


accused of insist of
approve of keep on
be better off put of
count on rely on
depend on succed in
confess to think of
give up dream about
go on worry about

○ you would be better of leaving now


○ dyah confused to stealing the golds
○ she insisted on paying the entire bill for dinner

1. Gerund used to after adjective+preposition


afraid to interesed in
fond of succesful for
capable of tired of
intent on

○ Iam tired of doing the work


○ we are interested in reading this book
○ Ali is intent on finishing school next year
○ I’m sorry for waking you up

1. Gerund used to after noun+preposition


choice of possibility of
excuse for reason for
intention of
○ There’s a reason for learing so early
○ There’s a possibility of acquaring this property at a good
price
○ John has no excuse for dropping out of school

1. Gerund used to along with possesive pronoun


my,your, his etc
○ I’m annoyed about john’s forgetting to pay
○ Do you mind my making a suggestion?
○ The idea of Hanson’s getting job as a salesman doesn’t
appeal to his wife
○ I don’t mind your talking to her

1. Gerund to prohibit certain activity


○ No smoking here!
○ No parking!
○ Keep out!

Presented by :

Dyah ari

Septiani Eka
Jeanete Yolanda

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