Customer Training Material

W k h 9B Workshop Singularities g

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. Release 13.0 December 2010

WS9B-1

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 9B: Singularities

Goal

Customer Training Material

Diagnose convergence trouble related to large deflection of hyperelastic material bonded to steel plate

Background B k d
Large model representing a series of rubber isolators glued to thin steel plates fails to converge at about 30% of total load when under a large deflection dominated by shear deformation. Material was tested extensively in all modes of loading and test data produced very p yg good curve fit of 3rd order Ogden hyperelasticity model. Bonded contact defined between rubber isolator and steel plate.
ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

Picture Pi t used d with ith permission i i from Penn State University.

Release 13.0 December 2010

WS9B-2

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 9B: Singularities

Model Description

Customer Training Material

The same convergence failure was replicated with a simplified representation using a 2D Plane Stress Model

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS9B-3

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 9B: Singularities

Steps to Follow: Restore Archive browse for file W9b-singularities.wbpz

Customer Training Material

Save as
File name: W9b-singularities Save as type: yp Workbench Project j Files (*.wbpj) ( pj)

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS9B-4

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 9B: Singularities

The project Schematic should look like the picture to the right.
From this Schematic, , you y can see that the Engineering (material) Data and Geometry have already been defined (green check marks). It remains to set up and run the FE model in M h i l Mechanical Highlight the Engineering Data Cell and open by clicking on the Right Mouse Button (RMB)=>Edit to verify the predefined 3rd Order Ogden material properties. Verify y that the units are in Metric(Tonne,mm,..) ( , , ) system. If not, fix this by clicking on Utility Menu=>Units=>Metric(Tonne, mm,..)

Customer Training Material

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS9B-5

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 9B: Singularities

Customer Training Material

R Return t t to th the P Project j tS Schematic. h ti Double click on the Model Cell to open the FE Model (Mechanical Session) (or RMB=>Edit)

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS9B-6

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 9B: Singularities

Unit > Metric (mm,kg,N,s,mV,mA)

Customer Training Material

O Once inside i id the th Mechanical M h i l application, li ti verify if the th working ki unit it system t The model is already set up with a bonded contact region, a fixed boundary condition on the steel plate and a shear displacement load on the rubber body. Highlight the entities beneath each folder to become familiar with the model and to confirm that it is p properly p y supported pp and loaded and ready y to solve. Review the Analysis Settings Execute a Solve

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS9B-7

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 9B: Singularities

Customer Training Material

After solution run is complete, highlight the Solution Information folder and inspect the Force Convergence Graph.
After a number of bisections, the solution fails to converge at 30% of l d load

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS9B-8

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 9B: Singularities

Review the Total Deformation results.

Customer Training Material

Notice the element deformation in lower right corner of isolator/steel interface

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS9B-9

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 9B: Singularities

Review the Newton Raphson Force residual plot.
Notice the concentration of strain energy in this corner.

Customer Training Material

The source of trouble is a g geometric singularity g y at this location.

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS9B-10

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 9B: Singularities

Customer Training Material

To test this theory, we will introduce a very small radius at this corner and rerun the analysis Return to the Project Schematic. Highlight the Geometry Cell
RMB > Replace Geometry > Browse for radius.agdb

radius.agdb represents a modified g geometry y ( (with small radius already incorporated)

Highlight the Model Cell

From Utility Menu > Refresh Project

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS9B-11

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 9B: Singularities

Return to Mechanical Interface

Customer Training Material

The small radius should be visible in lower right hand corner

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS9B-12

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 9B: Singularities

Highlight Connections Branch

Customer Training Material

RMB > Insert > Manual Contact Region to supplement the bonded contact pair with the specifications defined below

Select three edges of elastomer as contact

Select flat face of steel plate (one p ( edge) g ) as target g

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS9B-13

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 9B: Singularities

Execute another SOLVE
After a few bisections, the solution now converges successfully.

Customer Training Material

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS9B-14

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 9B: Singularities

Post Process the results.

Customer Training Material

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS9B-15

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 9B: Singularities

Conclusions:

Customer Training Material

This exercise underscores the importance of considering the influence that singularities can have on convergence stability and quality of results in a large deflection problem involving advanced nonlinear materials. materials In this example: The hyperelastic material model was correct. The geometry was properly constrained and loaded loaded. The bonded contact had been properly defined but was insufficient to deal with the inherent instability at the sharp corner and the eventual engagement of the side face with the lower boundary. The mesh was sufficient for the problem. No amount of further mesh refinement at the sharp corner would improve the convergence. No Analysis y Settings g ( (more substeps, p different solver) ) could overcome the problem.

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS9B-16

Release 13.0 December 2010