NAME :ZALEHA BINTI MAT YUSOF MATRIX NUMBER: 228465 ASSIGNMENT 1: THE IMPACT OF GLOBAL URBANIZATION ON THE TRANSPORT

SYSTEM SUBMISSION DATE: 26 FEBRUARY 2014

Urbanization refers to the increasing population of people that moved from rural area and live in urban area.Urbanization also is closely linked to the modernization, industrialization and the sociological process of rationalization. (Wikipedia: (2014, February 15)) Global urbanization refers to the increasing in infrastructureand have provided job and higher incomes to many migrants from rural areas. Besides that, to create a global urbanization, cities play a main role in generating economic growth and prosperity(Singh, S. K. (n.d.)). Global urbanization has encouraged the development of producer service such as research and development, finance, delivery ,insurance, and so on. It also encourage in the industrial development. Global urbanization can give the impact on transport system. Refer to the Boyce, D. (Vol. 1), Transportation system or mode is a system for moving person or goods from one place to another place. There are five modes in transportation system such as road, rail, sea, pipeline and air. Today transportation is a very important. It as a medium to people moved from one place to another place. In parallel with this global urbanization trend and need for the long- distance transportation network and modes, a complementary trend toward suburbanization was beginning. For example, highway and commuter rail system provide the connectivity between cities and rural(Frost and Sullivan ).When the cities or towns are upgrade to global urbanization with the industrial development, provide more jobs and so on then the transport system will be increase. It can caused demand the public transport are higher.

There are positive and negative impact of global urbanization on transport system. The impact positive is increasing the supplyof transportation service (Boyce, D. (Vol. 1)). It is occur because the household and firms may simply have incentive to use the service like public

transport. With the increasing the supply of transportation service, its more easily to housewife from rural areas to purchase of products and services from commercial production (urban areas). So its also can saved the time(Madlener, 2011).When the demand of transport are increased then the opportunities of job are also increase. This is because the manufacturer of industrial automobile are increase and it must have more worker.

Beside that, the positive impact of global urbanization on transport system is it can give more effective andefficiency to transport system. The efficiency in transport system will caused the saved money and time. This is because anyone non need to wait the long time when they want to go any destination.For example they have a option to use road, rail or air. Better operational efficiency also increases an operators ability to deal withirregular operations across the transportation network.

However, beside the positive impact there are negative impact of global urbanization on transport system. When the population of people are increased in cities or town, it will be the causeof increasing the traffic across all types of transport between urban centers, and charged demands for increased speed, security, and reliability(Frost and Sullivan). Beside to increased the traffic congestion it also caused thepublic transport will be declinewhen the people used a own transport. Congestion is effectively the wasted the time and expense in using inadequately supplied transportation services. When the traffic congestion increase, the percentage rate of accident also are increased. This is happened because all people want to rushing go back to home or go to work. They are not have a tolerance while on road.

The next negative impact of global urbanization on transport system is it can increased the air pollution and noisy pollution. If thetowns or cities upgraded to global urbanization then transportation services are increased and air pollution or noisy pollution also to increased. Refers to the Research by the University of Hong Kongs Department of Community Medicine estimates that air pollution, caused in largepart by ships and vehicle traffic, cost the citys economy $HK 1.8 billion in 2009 in airpollution illnesses and lost productivity ( Frost & Sullivan). So it can to influence the health and comfortable life people.

In conclusion, global urbanization can give positive and negative impact on transport system. Transportation is a very important to people for moved from one place to another place. Effectively the transport system will be increase because it get the demand of using the public transport. Many people more prefer to chose the public transport than own transport. Its more easily because they cannot to face the congestion and its save the time. For example they can choose to use the road transport or commuter rail system.

References
Boyce, D. (Vol. 1). Transportation Engineering and Planning. Transportation system , 1-5. Frost and Sullivan.(n.d.). A Smarter Transportation System for the 21st Century. 1-17. Madlener, P. D. (2011, September 21-23). The impact of urbanization on urban structures and energy demand in developing countries. Singh, S. K. (n.d.). URBANIZATION AND URBAN TRANSPORT IN INDIA : THE SKETCH FOR A POLICY , 1-13. Wikipedia. (2014, February 15). Urbanization. Retrieved February 18, 2014, from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urbanization