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Data produced as a result of an experiment is preferred over data collected by other data collection schemes, because experiments are required to meet certain standards (such as a control group, only one unknown variable, ability for the experiment to be reproduced, etc.). hese standards so not guarantee a certain experiment to be 1!!" accurate, but they have ensure results of a higher quality when compared to other data collection schemes (such as polls, opinion gathering, etc.) #. $n order to set up such an experiment, $ would observe two groups% single mothers that receive welfare and participate in &ob training, and a control group% single mothers that receive welfare that do '( attend &ob training. $n order to avoid bias, the members of the experiment would have to be randomly selected from a large pool of members. )very # weeks for a period of 1# months, every member will report their welfare status, and the mothers that have left welfare status will be recorded. $n order to avoid confounding, *single mothers that attend &ob training+ will be defined as single mothers who have at least a ,-" attendance in a &ob training program (in order to avoid single mothers who attended &ob training once or twice from being counted as regularly *attending &ob training.+), and *young children+ will be defined as children under 1# years of age. .fter the 1# months of observation, we can see the impact &ob training makes on single mothers with young children. /. a) he sample of 1!!! engineers is '( an 010, because we categori2ed them according to their years of experience (thus eliminating one aspect of the randomness). 3owever, this scheme would produce more accurate data, and may be considered more useful than an 010 (because of the limited sample si2e of the engineers). b) .n 010 to randomly test 1!! parts from three different manufacturing plants would not be recommended, because all 1!! randomly tested parts could quite possibly all come from one plant which may yield very different results than the other two plants. $n other words, if plants # and / both produced 1!!" defective parts and all 1!! randomly selected parts come from plant 1, which could produce !" defective parts, then the experiment would incorrectly state that all three plants produce !" defective parts. .s opposed to an 010, we should use a data collection scheme that has elements of an 010 contained within it. 4or example, we could take a random 010 of /units from 5lant 1, 6! units from 5lant #, and #- units from 5lant / (this is to ensure that each plant has a random sample according to how many units they produce). 7y using such a scheme, then the results will be more accurate than a pure 010.

6. a) 5ossible treatment conditions% (8, 1! mg) (9, 1! mg) (8, #! mg) (9, #! mg) (8, /! mg) (9, /! mg) (8, 6! mg) (9, 6! mg)

(3, 1! mg) (3, #! mg) (3, /! mg) (3, 6! mg)

b) his experiment is *double:blind,+ meaning that neither the researchers nor the test sub&ects know which treatment program they are on. c) $f we assume that the medical screening has eliminated medical issues such as allergic reactions to the drug, medical problems, etc, then the only confounding variables are the sub&ect;s age, gender, background, and mood during the testing. 7y picking a large enough sample si2e, the effect of these variables may be minimi2ed. d) . placebo group can be created in order to account for the placebo effect. $n order to do so, we must a fifth category to our 8ocaserin group% a !mg sugar pill. $t is considerably harder to account for the placebo effect in the exercise group, but this can be done by adding a fourth exercise category% a well:known exercise program with established results. e) he random variable of interest is the amount of weight loss due to the effects of exercise and the dosage of 8ocaserin that was given to sub&ects. -.

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,. a) Discrete% =ou cannot score a fraction of a goal, thus the number of goals scored will always be a counting number. b) Discrete% =ou cannot have a fraction of an attempt to score a goal, thus the number of goal attempts will always be a counting number. c) >ontinuous% he amount of time that a light bulb will last is continuous ()instein proved that time is continuous). d) >ontinuous% he distance from my house to De .n2a >ollege is continuous, because it is a measurement. e) >ontinuous% he $? scale is not a definite scale, but it is the comparison of an individual;s intelligence according to the rest of the population. hus, it is an estimation of a person;s intelligence, and cannot be given a definite *score+ without being compared to the rest of the population, which is constantly changing.

f) >ontinuous% 3eight is a measurement, and thus is continuous.

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