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SECTION A Comprehension a. What is the reason for the similarity between the words inclined and inclinometer?

- The reason is that inclined at an angle from the vertical or horizontal and inclinometer tells the angle of something is directed. b. Look at the drawings of pipeline pigs and say which one would be most suitable for scraping operations. give your reasons. c. What powers a pig through a pipe? The pigs test, log, clean and unblock oil pipelines.

d. How can water vapor in natural gas be responsible for plugged chokes and valves? - If the gas contains water vapor, this cooling can cause the formation of hydrates, and these may plug chokes, valves and pipelines. e. How does glycol dehydrate gas? - The water is removed by the absorbing action of glycol f. Why is necessary to desalt crude? - The dissolved salts can seriously corrode chokes, valves and pipe walls.

g. The critical temperature for the gas is -4C (minus four degrees centigrade). At -6C what must be done to the gas vapor in order to liquefy it? - The temperature mus to get up at critical temperature to this gas can be liquefied. h. Suppose you were responsible for several vessels full of chemicals. How could you warn others to treat them carefully and safely?
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Give to these people a training about Industrial certainty

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j.

Express these ratios as fractions : 3:4 =three parts of one to four parts of another 1:7 =one parts of one to seven parts of another 7:28 =seven parts of one to twenty eight parts of another 5:14= five parts of one to fourteen parts of another What`s the simples way of separating associated gas?

Choose from the following to complete the paragraph below: content, corrosion, processes, gathering centre, produced, formation , having, specifications, separation, relation, minimum, treated. ..reached the surface, the .. fluids must be .. to separate the oil, gas, and water. The .. processes at the .. are similar in many ways to those which are used in the refinery. In .. to water in crude oil, pipeline and refinery .. are particularly concerned with the salt .. so that .. can be kept to a .. it is therefore frequently necessary to use expensive and complicated .. to remove .. water.

content reached the surface, the formation fluids must be produced to separate the oil, gas, and water. The separation processes at the gathering centre are similar in many ways to those which are used in the refinery. In relation to water in crude oil, pipeline and refinery specifications are particularly concerned with the salt having so that corrosion can be kept to a minimum it is therefore frequently necessary to use expensive and complicated processes to remove treated water.

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