Steam tracing simulation for determining Process Fluid Temperature

SI Unit Version
Author: J.A.B. de Lange
In conjunction with www.cheresources.com
Press "Ctrl L" to activate the macro that runs the simulation.

! It is very important to read the messages at the bottom of the screen each time the simulation has been run,
Inputs
Line Number
Pipe Length (m)

1
100

Steam Specification
Steam Pressure (kPa)

600

Process Fluid Pipe

Pipe NPS (inches)

8"

Pipe schedule
Pipe material
Minimum allowable fluid temperature (C)

STD
Stainless steel
30

Steam tracing available

Bare/Cemented
Amount of Available Tracers
Tracer NPS (inches)
Tracer Pipe Material

Bare
1
"
Carbon Steel

Insulation Specifications
Insulation Material
Insulation Thickness (mm)
Emissivity of insulation lagging
Ambient Conditions
Ambient Temperature (C)
Wind Velocity (km/h)

Rock Wool 40 kg/m

100
0.4

25
10.8

Messages
Solution converged to a satisfactory degree
Hottest Surface Temperature Acceptable for Personnel Protection, insulation thickness ok
Insulation thickness acceptable, but refer to the second message for further information
Steam pressure acceptable
Process Fluid Temperature acceptable, and above Minimum Allowable Fluid Temperature

cess Fluid Temperature

Assumptions:
Saturated Steam is used, pressure drop along length of pipe neglegible
Resistance to heat transfer through tracer pipe wall material is neglegible

screen each time the simulation has been run, before evaluating the outputs.
Ouputs
Other Information
Annulus Temperature (C)

102.4

Steam Information
Steam Temperature (C)
Steam Consumption (kg/h)

158.8
4.9

Process Fluid Pipe

Process Fluid Temperature (C)
Pipe Outer Radius (mm)
Pipe Wall Thickness (mm)
Pipe Inner Radius (mm)
Wall Material Thermal Conductivity, kw, (W/mK)
Steam Tracer Information
Tracer Outer Radius (mm)
Spacers Required
Insulation Information
Thermal Conductivity, k(ins), (W/mK)
Temperature Range (C)
Average Insulation Temperature (C)
Outer Surface Information
Hottest Outside Surface Temperature (C)
Surface Film Coefficient, ho, (W/mK)

on, insulation thickness ok

ge for further information

owable Fluid Temperature

87
109.54
8.18
101.36
16.8

10.67

0.04517
-43 to 200C
61

39
9.8

Steam tracing simulation for determining Process Fluid Temperature

Imperial Unit Version
Author: J.A.B. de Lange
In conjunction with www.cheresources.com
Press "Ctrl r" to activate the macro that runs the simulation.

! It is very important to read the messages at the bottom of the screen each time the simulation has been run,
Inputs
Line Number
Pipe Length (ft)

2
130

Steam Specification
Steam Pressure (psi)

35

Process Fluid Pipe

Pipe NPS (inches)

8"

Pipe schedule
Pipe material
Minimum allowable fluid temperature (F)

STD
Carbon steel
90

Steam tracing available

Bare/Cemented
Amount of Available Tracers
Tracer NPS (inches)
Tracer Pipe Material

Bare
1
"
Carbon Steel

Insulation Specifications
Insulation Material
Insulation Thickness (inches)
Emissivity of insulation lagging

Rock Wool 40 kg/m

3
0.4

Ambient Conditions
Ambient Temperature (F)

66

Wind Velocity (ft/s)

Messages

Please run the simulation again by pressing Ctrl r, as all the values have not converged to a satisfactory degr
Hottest Surface Temperature Acceptable for Personnel Protection, insulation thickness ok
Insulation thickness acceptable, but refer to the second message for further information
Steam pressure acceptable
Process Fluid Temperature acceptable, and above Minimum Allowable Fluid Temperature

cess Fluid Temperature

Assumptions:
Saturated Steam is used, pressure drop along length of pipe neglegible
Resistance to heat transfer through tracer pipe wall material is neglegible

screen each time the simulation has been run, before evaluating the outputs.
Ouputs
Other Information
Annulus Temperature (F)

170.5

Steam Information
Steam Temperature (F)
Steam Consumption (lbm/h)

259.3
3.4

Process Fluid Pipe

Process Fluid Temperature (F)
Pipe Outer Radius (inches)
Pipe Wall Thickness (inches)
Pipe Inner Radius (inches)
Wall Material Thermal Conductivity, kw, (BTU/fthF)
Steam Tracer Information
Tracer Outer Radius (inches)
No Spacers Required
Insulation Information
Thermal Conductivity, k(ins), (BTU/fthF)
Temperature Range (F)
Average Insulation Temperature (F)

141
4.31
0.32
3.99
30.6

0.42

0.02604
-45 to 390F
111

Outer Surface Information

Hottest Outside Surface Temperature (F)

109

Surface Film Coefficient, ho, (BTU/ft2hF)

1.7

ues have not converged to a satisfactory degree

on, insulation thickness ok
ge for further information

owable Fluid Temperature

Before attempting to run the simulations, make sure your version of excel is configured as follows:
Selecting the cell will display instructions.
1 Install Solver
2 Make sure the macro function can use Solver
If at any time Solver reports an error message after a macro has been run, simply uninstall the Solver Add-In from the AddIns menu (found under Tools), and reinstall Solver as described under "Install Solver".

If the above has no effect on the outcome of the error message, try guessing another value for the insulation thickness. Solver
sometimes converges to different values depending on the initial starting value.

r Add-In from the Add-

sulation thickness. Solver

SI units
Available Steam
Latent Heat (kJ/kg)
2115.0096898554

Pipes
Reference 1
Reference 2

Bare
Cemented

11
8

Thermal conductivity, PFP, kw, (W/mK)

298.15
398.15
498.15
16
17
19
54
51
47
401
400
398
109
109
109
250
255
250
80
68
60

Temperature,K
Stainless steel
Carbon steel
Copper
Brass
Aluminium
Iron

Temperature, K
Fiberglass
Foam Glass
Calcium silicate
Rigid Polyurethane
Cellular glass
Rock Wool 40 kg/m
Rock Wool 60 kg/m
Rock Wool 80 kg/m

255

kw
16.76912111
51.98316185
400.2308789
109
251.6666667
73.09474816

230

240

270

0.045

0.046666

0.0486915 0.050880017

0.024894325 0.0251241047
0.046
0.048

0.0254462747 0.025741445
0.051
0.052

Thermal conductivity, Insu

283.15
0.032
0.0529307
0.0538
0.025978
0.0547
0.036
0.0346
0.038

Reference
6

Wind speed (m/s)

(km/h)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

0
3.6
7.2
10.8
14.4
18
21.6
25.2
28.8
32.4
36

q
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5

20.9726081607
34.8532249205

Ambient Temperature
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1

11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

39.6
43.2
46.8
50.4
54
57.6
61.2
64.8
68.4
72

0.55
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.9
0.95
1

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47

48
49
50

Imperial Units
Available steam
Latent Heat (BTU/lbm)
946.3524237999

Pipes
Reference 1
Reference 2

Bare
Cemented

11
8

Thermal conductivity, PFP, kw, (BTU/fthF)

77
257
437
9.243212016 9.8209127672
10.9763142692
31.19584055 29.462738302
27.1519352975
231.6580012 231.0803004
229.9248989024
62.96938186 62.96938186
62.9693818602
144.4251878 147.31369151
144.4251877527
46.21606008 39.283651069
34.6620450607

Temperature,K
Stainless steel
Carbon steel
Copper
Brass
Aluminium
Iron

Temperature, K
Fiberglass
Foam Glass
Calcium silicate
Rigid Polyurethane
Cellular glass
Rock Wool 40 kg/m
Rock Wool 60 kg/m
Rock Wool 80 kg/m

230

240

0.045

0.046666

0.024894325 0.0251241047
0.046
0.048

kw
9.454817576
30.5737163
231.4463956
62.96938186
145.3880223
43.77833279

Thermal conductivity, Insu

283.15
0.032
0.0486915 0.050880017
0.0529307
0.0538
0.0254462747 0.025741445
0.025978
0.051
0.052
0.0547
0.036
0.0346
0.038
255

270

Reference
6
Ambient Temperature
Wind speed (ft/s)

q (BTU/hft )
6.5388096184
2

-4
-3

3
6
9
12
15
18
21
24
27
30
33
36
39
42
45
48
51
54
57
60

0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.9
0.95
1

11.471328178

-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43

44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91

92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120

Amount of Tracers
1
2
3
4
5

Tracer OD
"
"
"
1"
Reference
Stainless Steel
Carbon Steel

OD (Inches) OD (mm)
0.672 17.0688
0.84
21.336
1.05
26.67
1.315
33.401
2

Reference
1

hermal conductivity, Insulation material, kins

297.15
310.85
0.033
0.034314
0.05525 0.05765435
0.054
0.055
0.026207 0.0264084
0.0578
0.0621
0.038
0.04
0.0368
0.039
0.039
0.04

mbient Temperature

323.15
348.15
373.15
0.037
0.04
0.044
0.0599275 0.064880625 0.07028
0.056
0.0575 0.059582
0.02657
0.0268425 0.02704
0.064
0.0674 0.070455
0.042
0.0475
0.054
0.041
0.0448
0.048
0.041
0.0436
0.046

Outputs
Ouputs: Bare
Other Information
Annulus Temperature (C)

102.4

Steam Information
Steam Temperature (C)
Steam Consumption (kg/h)

158.8364797
4.92

Process Fluid Pipe

Process Fluid Temperature (C)
Pipe Outer Radius (mm)

87.38585177
109.54

Pipe Wall Thickness (mm)

Pipe Inner Radius (mm)
Wall Material Thermal Conductivity, kw, (W/mK)

8.18
101.36
16.8

Steam Tracer Information

Tracer Outer Radius (mm)

10.67

Spacers Required
Insulation Information
Thermal Conductivity, k(ins), (W/mK)
Temperature Range (C)
Average Insulation Temperature (C)
Outer Surface Information
Hottest Outside Surface Temperature (C)
Surface Film Coefficient, ho, (W/mK)

0.04517
-43 to 200C
60.84

38.62
9.8

Ouputs: Cemented
Other Information
Annulus Temperature (C)

129.8

Steam Information
Steam Temperature (C)
Steam Consumption (kg/h)

158.8364797
8.68

Process Fluid Pipe

Process Fluid Temperature (C)
Pipe Outer Radius (mm)
Pipe Wall Thickness (mm)
Pipe Inner Radius (mm)
Wall Material Thermal Conductivity, kw, (W/mK)

143.81
109.54
8.18
101.36
16.8

Steam Tracer Information

Tracer Outer Radius (mm)

10.67

Spacers Required
Insulation Information
Thermal Conductivity, k(ins), (W/mK)
Temperature Range (C)
Average Insulation Temperature (C)

0.04517
-43 to 200C
86.80

Outer Surface Information

Hottest Outside Surface Temperature (C)
Surface Film Coefficient, ho, (W/mK)
L act (mm)

Amount of Tracers
1
2
3
4
5

-14.31
10.6
68.69313238

Tracer OD
"
"
"
1"
Reference
Stainless Steel
Carbon Steel

OD (Inches) OD (mm)
0.672 17.0688
0.84
21.336
1.05
26.67
1.315
33.401
2

Reference
2

hermal conductivity, Insulation material, kins, (BTU/fthF)

297.15
310.85
0.033
0.034314
0.05525 0.05765435
0.054
0.055
0.026207 0.0264084
0.0578
0.0621
0.038
0.04
0.0368
0.039
0.039
0.04

mbient Temperature
F

323.15
348.15
373.15
0.037
0.04
0.044
0.0599275 0.064880625 0.07028
0.056
0.0575 0.059582
0.02657
0.0268425 0.02704
0.064
0.0674 0.070455
0.042
0.0475
0.054
0.041
0.0448
0.048
0.041
0.0436
0.046

Outputs
Ouputs: Bare

Other Information
Annulus Temperature (F)

170.5

Steam Information
Steam Temperature (F)
Steam Consumption (lbm/h)

259.29
3.40

Process Fluid Pipe

Process Fluid Temperature (F)
Pipe Outer Radius (inches)
Pipe Wall Thickness (inches)
Pipe Inner Radius (inches)
Wall Material Thermal Conductivity, kw, (BTU/fthF)

140.95
4.31
0.32
3.99
30.6

Steam Tracer Information

Tracer Outer Radius (inches)

0.42

No Spacers Required
Insulation Information
Thermal Conductivity, k(ins), (BTU/fthF)
Temperature Range (F)
Average Insulation Temperature (F)

0.02604
-45 to 390F
111.37

Outer Surface Information

Hottest Outside Surface Temperature (F)

109.19

Surface Film Coefficient, ho, (BTU/ft hF)

1.7

Ouputs: Cemented
Other Information
Annulus Temperature (F)

215.5

Steam Information
Steam Temperature (F)
Steam Consumption (lbm/h)

259.29
7.75

Process Fluid Pipe

Process Fluid Temperature (F)
Pipe Outer Radius (inches)
Pipe Wall Thickness (inches)
Pipe Inner Radius (inches)
Wall Material Thermal Conductivity, kw, (BTU/fthF)

233.19
4.31
0.32
3.99
30.6

Steam Tracer Information

Tracer Outer Radius (inches)

0.42

No Spacers Required
Insulation Information
Thermal Conductivity, k(ins), (BTU/fthF)
Temperature Range (F)
Average Insulation Temperature (F)

0.02604
-45 to 390F
154.06

Outer Surface Information

Hottest Outside Surface Temperature (F)

-4.03

Surface Film Coefficient, ho, (BTU/ft hF)

1.8

L act (inches)

2.696919514

Cement
0.21
0.2625
0.2625

398.15
0.047
0.076125625
0.061
0.0271625
0.0748
0.059
0.053
0.05

448.15
0.057
0.089155625
0.066
0.0271825
0.086
0.0739
0.062
0.059

473.15
0.062
0.09634
0.068
0.02708
0.093
0.085
0.065
0.064

acos((r1-r2)/(r1+r2))
0.6049902318 Starting Values
Tsurf pipe bare C
27.1440633233
27.1434475057
Tsurf pipe cement
28.282127106
28.281591664
Process fluid temp (Bare)
87.39
Process fluid temp (Cement)
143.8127273953
Solution converged to a satisfactory degree
Solution converged to a satisfactory degree

Diff
3.79231E-007
2.86698E-007
1.59679E-007
1.83652E-007

k1
k2

423.15
0.052
0.0824175
0.0635
0.02721
0.08
0.065
0.058
0.055

21.3079594563
0.3415489629

1.00926E-006

Please refer to Sheet "SI Version" or "Imperial Unit Version" again to continue.

Do not change anything in this sheet, as it will cause the simulation to run incorrectly

c1
c2

16.529173317
0.3424343826

c3
NPS

1.6078799145
qt (W/mK)
"
"
1"
1"
2"
2"
3"
3"
4"
6"
8"
10"
12"
14"
16"
18"
20"
24"
30"
36"
42"
48"

34.4
34.4
34.3
34.3
32.6
31
29.1
27.8
26.9
23.8
21.5
18.4
14.6
12.2
9.8
9.8
9.8
9.7
9.7
9.7
9.6
9.6

60.2879608
60.2879608
60.1127051
60.1127051
57.1333582
54.329267
50.9994087
48.7210846
47.1437833
41.7108566
37.6799755
32.2470488
25.5873322
21.3811954
17.1750586
17.1750586
17.1750586
16.9998029
16.9998029
16.9998029
16.8245472
16.8245472

37.6799755
mm
Insthick

inch
100.00

3.937007874

423.15
0.052
0.0824175
0.0635
0.02721
0.08
0.065
0.058
0.055

448.15
0.057
0.089155625
0.066
0.0271825
0.086
0.0739
0.062
0.059

Cement
0.168
0.21
0.168

398.15
0.047
0.076125625
0.061
0.0271625
0.0748
0.059
0.053
0.05

k1
k2

17.8735015899
0.2384570537

473.15
0.062
0.09634
0.068
0.02708
0.093
0.085
0.065
0.064

ctrl + r
acos((r1-r2)/(r1+r2))
0.6049908005 Starting Values
Diff
Tsurf pipe bare F
69.9527836006
69.9517052085 1.16293E-006
Tsurf pipe cement F
72.3280544917
72.3270495153
0.00000101
Process fluid temp Bare
140.9548034288
9.31011E-009
Process fluid temp Cement
233.0973748168
0.0086369967
Please run the simulation again by pressing Ctrl r, as all the values have not converged to a satisfactory degree
0.0086391789
Please run the simulation again by pressing Ctrl r, as all the values have not converged to a satisfactory degree

Please refer to Sheet "SI Version" or "Imperial Unit Version" again to continue.

c1
c2

-72.0976492693
0.0403486443

c3
NPS

3.01
qt (BTU/fthF)
"
"
1"
1"
2"
2"
3"
3"
4"
6"
8"
10"

34.4
34.4
34.3
34.3
32.6
31
29.1
27.8
26.9
23.8
21.5
18.4

12"
14"
16"
18"
20"
24"
30"
36"
42"
48"

14.6
12.2
9.8
9.8
9.8
9.7
9.7
9.7
9.6
9.6
21.5
mm

Insthick

inch
100.00
0.6049908005
1.5084626746

3.937007874

498.15
0.068
0.103970625
0.071
0.0269025
0.097
0.069
0.069

Bare
Cem

" again to continue.

523.15
0.075
0.1120475
0.0742363
0.02665
0.118
0.072
0.0738

573.15

598.15

0.08
0.083
0.02592 0.025443
-

623.15

648.15

673.15

0.086
0.09
0.02489 0.024263
-

0.0928
0.02356
-

to run incorrectly

498.15
0.068
0.103970625
0.071
0.0269025
0.097
0.069
0.069

523.15
0.075
0.1120475
0.0742363
0.02665
0.118
0.072
0.0738

573.15

598.15

0.08
0.083
0.02592 0.025443
-

623.15

648.15

673.15

0.086
0.09
0.02489 0.024263
-

0.0928
0.02356
-

" again to continue.

698.15

0.096
0.022783
-

723.15

748.15

773.15

823.15

873.15

923.15

0.0999
0.104
0.02193 0.021003
-

0.108
0.02
-

0.116
0.01777
-

0.126
0.01524
-

0.137
0.01241
-

KinsInterp
0.0383611292
0.0645917947
0.0540501497
0.0267716087
0.0648383869
0.045165252
0.042719061
0.0428643017

698.15

0.096
0.022783
-

723.15

748.15

773.15

823.15

873.15

923.15

0.0999
0.104
0.02193 0.021003
-

0.108
0.02
-

0.116
0.01777
-

0.126
0.01524
-

0.137
0.01241
-

KinsInterp(W/mK)
0.0383074674
0.0645229075
0.054012321
0.0267760055
0.0647818514
0.0450705893
0.0426700163
0.0428181591

Temp range
10 to 250C
-43 to 250C
10 to 650C
10 to 650C
-43 to 200C
-43 to 200C
10 to 250C
10 to 250C

Temp range
50 to 480F
-45 to 480F
50 to 1200F
50 to 1200F
-45 to 390F
-45 to 390F
50 to 480F
50 to 480F

Kins(BTU/fthF)
0.0221302527
0.0372749321
0.0312029584
0.0154685185
0.0374245242
0.0260373133
0.0246505004
0.0247360827

Steam Table SI Units

pressure temp
Hf
kPa
K
kJ/kg
6.895 311.894 2410.4
13.79 325.411 2378.8
20.685 333.967 2358.8
27.58 340.35 2343.8
34.475 345.506 2331.7
41.37 349.844 2321.5
48.265 353.617 2312.6
55.16 356.961 2304.7
62.055 359.967 2297.6
68.95 362.711 2291.1
75.845 365.233 2285.1
82.74 367.572 2279.5
89.635 369.75 2274.2
96.53 371.794 2269.3
103.425 373.722 2264.7
110.32 375.55 2260.2
117.215 377.283
2256
124.11 378.933
2252
131.005 380.506 2248.2
137.9 382.017 2244.5
144.795 383.467 2240.9
151.69 384.856 2237.5
158.585
386.2 2234.2
165.48 387.494
2231
172.375 388.744 2227.9
179.27 389.956 2224.9
186.165 391.128
2222
193.06 392.267 2219.1
199.955 393.372 2216.4
206.85 394.45 2213.7
213.745 395.494
2211
220.64 396.511 2208.5
227.535 397.506
2206
234.43 398.472 2203.5
241.325 399.422 2201.1
248.22 400.344 2198.8
255.115 401.25 2196.5
262.01 402.133 2194.2
268.905 402.994
2192
275.8 403.844 2189.8
282.695 404.672 2187.7
289.59 405.489 2185.6
296.485 406.289 2183.6
303.38 407.072 2181.5
310.275 407.839 2179.5
317.17 408.594 2177.6

Steam Table Imperial Units

pressure temp H(latent)
psia
deg F BTU/lb
1 101.74 1036.35
2 126.07 1022.74
3 141.47 1014.14
4 152.96 1007.71
5 162.24 1002.52
6 170.05 998.13
7 176.84 994.306
8 182.86 990.905
9 188.27 987.84
10 193.21 985.033
11 197.75 982.445
12 201.96 980.039
13 205.88 977.791
14 209.56 975.675
15 213.03 973.675
16 216.32 971.772
17 219.44 969.963
18 222.41 968.237
19 225.24 966.587
20 227.96 964.997
21 230.57 963.468
22 233.07 961.999
23 235.49 960.574
24 237.82 959.198
25 240.07 957.867
26 242.25 956.573
27 244.36 955.319
28 246.41 954.097
29 248.4 952.908
30 250.34 951.746
31 252.22 950.618
32 254.05 949.517
33 255.84 948.439
34 257.58 947.388
35 259.29 946.352
36 260.95 945.345
37 262.58 944.355
38 264.17 943.386
39 265.72 942.44
40 267.25 941.505
41 268.74 940.591
42 270.21 939.689
43 271.65 938.803
44 273.06 937.934
45 274.44 937.082
46 275.8 936.24

324.065
330.96
337.855
344.75
351.645
358.54
365.435
372.33
379.225
386.12
393.015
399.91
406.805
413.7
420.595
427.49
434.385
441.28
448.175
455.07
461.965
468.86
475.755
482.65
489.545
496.44
503.335
510.23
517.125
524.02
530.915
537.81
544.705
551.6
558.495
565.39
572.285
579.18
586.075
592.97
599.865
606.76
613.655
620.55
627.445
634.34
641.235
648.13
655.025

409.339
410.067
410.783
411.494
412.189
412.872
413.544
414.206
414.861
415.506
416.139
416.761
417.383
417.989
418.589
419.183
419.767
420.344
420.917
421.478
422.033
422.589
423.128
423.667
424.2
424.722
425.244
425.756
426.267
426.767
427.267
427.756
428.244
428.728
429.206
429.678
430.15
430.611
431.072
431.528
431.978
432.422
432.867
433.306
433.739
434.172
434.6
435.022
435.444

2175.7
2173.8
2171.9
2170
2168.2
2166.4
2164.7
2162.9
2161.2
2159.5
2157.8
2156.2
2154.5
2152.9
2151.3
2149.8
2148.2
2146.7
2145.1
2143.6
2142.1
2140.6
2139.2
2137.7
2136.3
2134.9
2133.5
2132.1
2130.7
2129.3
2128
2126.6
2125.3
2124
2122.7
2121.4
2120.1
2118.8
2117.5
2116.3
2115
2113.8
2112.6
2111.4
2110.2
2108.9
2107.8
2106.6
2105.4

47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95

277.14
278.45
279.74
281.02
282.27
283.5
284.71
285.9
287.08
288.24
289.38
290.5
291.62
292.71
293.79
294.86
295.91
296.95
297.98
298.99
299.99
300.99
301.96
302.93
303.89
304.83
305.77
306.69
307.61
308.51
309.41
310.29
311.17
312.04
312.9
313.75
314.6
315.43
316.26
317.08
317.89
318.69
319.49
320.28
321.06
321.84
322.61
323.37
324.13

935.41
934.596
933.794
932.996
932.216
931.446
930.688
929.941
929.199
928.469
927.75
927.042
926.333
925.642
924.956
924.275
923.606
922.943
922.284
921.638
920.996
920.354
919.73
919.106
918.486
917.879
917.271
916.674
916.077
915.492
914.906
914.333
913.758
913.19
912.627
912.069
911.511
910.966
910.419
909.879
909.344
908.815
908.286
907.762
907.245
906.726
906.214
905.708
905.201

661.92
668.815
675.71
682.605
689.5
696.395
703.29
710.185
717.08
723.975
730.87
737.765
744.66
751.555
758.45
765.345
772.24
779.135
786.03
792.925
799.82
806.715
813.61
820.505
827.4
834.295
841.19
848.085
854.98
861.875
868.77
875.665
882.56
889.455
896.35
903.245
910.14
917.035
923.93
930.825
937.72
944.615
951.51
958.405
965.3
972.195
979.09
985.985
992.88

435.861
436.278
436.683
437.094
437.494
437.894
438.294
438.689
439.078
439.467
439.85
440.233
440.617
440.989
441.367
441.739
442.106
442.472
442.833
443.194
443.556
443.911
444.267
444.617
444.967
445.311
445.656
446
446.339
446.678
447.011
447.344
447.678
448.006
448.333
448.661
448.983
449.306
449.622
449.944
450.256
450.572
450.883
451.194
451.506
451.811
452.117
452.422
452.722

2104.2
2103.1
2101.9
2100.8
2099.6
2098.5
2097.4
2096.3
2095.2
2094.1
2093
2091.9
2090.8
2089.8
2088.7
2087.6
2086.6
2085.5
2084.5
2083.5
2082.4
2081.4
2080.4
2079.4
2078.4
2077.4
2076.4
2075.4
2074.4
2073.4
2072.5
2071.5
2070.5
2069.6
2068.6
2067.7
2066.7
2065.8
2064.9
2063.9
2063
2062.1
2061.2
2060.3
2059.3
2058.4
2057.5
2056.6
2055.7

96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144

324.88
325.63
326.36
327.1
327.82
328.54
329.26
329.97
330.67
331.37
332.06
332.75
333.44
334.11
334.79
335.46
336.12
336.78
337.43
338.08
338.73
339.37
340.01
340.64
341.27
341.89
342.51
343.13
343.74
344.35
344.95
345.55
346.15
346.74
347.33
347.92
348.5
349.08
349.65
350.23
350.79
351.36
351.92
352.48
353.04
353.59
354.14
354.69
355.23

904.7
904.198
903.709
903.213
902.729
902.245
901.761
901.282
900.81
900.337
899.87
899.403
898.935
898.48
898.018
897.562
897.112
896.662
896.218
895.774
895.329
894.89
894.451
894.018
893.585
893.158
892.731
892.303
891.882
891.46
891.045
890.629
890.212
889.803
889.392
888.982
888.577
888.173
887.775
887.369
886.977
886.578
886.185
885.792
885.398
885.011
884.624
884.236
883.855

999.775
1006.67
1013.565
1020.46
1027.355
1034.25
1048.04
1061.83
1075.62
1089.41
1103.2
1116.99
1130.78
1144.57
1158.36
1172.15
1185.94
1199.73
1213.52
1227.31
1241.1
1254.89
1268.68
1282.47
1296.26
1310.05
1323.84
1337.63
1351.42
1365.21
1379
1413.475
1447.95
1482.425
1516.9
1551.375
1585.85
1620.325
1654.8
1689.275
1723.75
1758.225
1792.7
1827.175
1861.65
1896.125
1930.6
1965.075
1999.55

453.022
453.322
453.617
453.917
454.211
454.5
455.083
455.656
456.222
456.789
457.344
457.894
458.444
458.983
459.522
460.05
460.578
461.1
461.617
462.128
462.639
463.139
463.639
464.133
464.622
465.111
465.594
466.072
466.55
467.017
467.483
468.639
469.767
470.878
471.972
473.039
474.094
475.128
476.144
477.144
478.133
479.106
480.061
481
481.928
482.844
483.744
484.633
485.511

2054.9
2054
2053.1
2052.2
2051.3
2050.5
2048.7
2047
2045.3
2043.6
2042
2040.3
2038.7
2037
2035.4
2033.8
2032.2
2030.6
2029.1
2027.5
2025.9
2024.4
2022.9
2021.3
2019.8
2018.3
2016.8
2015.4
2013.9
2012.4
2011
2007.4
2003.8
2000.3
1996.9
1993.5
1990.1
1986.8
1983.6
1980.4
1977.2
1974
1970.9
1967.8
1964.8
1961.8
1958.8
1955.9
1953

145
146
147
148
149
150
152
154
156
158
160
162
164
166
168
170
172
174
176
178
180
182
184
186
188
190
192
194
196
198
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290

355.77
356.31
356.84
357.38
357.91
358.43
359.48
360.51
361.53
362.55
363.55
364.54
365.53
366.5
367.47
368.42
369.37
370.31
371.24
372.16
373.08
373.98
374.88
375.77
376.65
377.53
378.4
379.26
380.12
380.96
381.8
383.88
385.91
387.91
389.88
391.8
393.7
395.56
397.39
399.19
400.97
402.72
404.44
406.13
407.8
409.45
411.07
412.67
414.25

883.474
883.092
882.717
882.334
881.958
881.589
880.842
880.108
879.38
878.651
877.934
877.223
876.511
875.812
875.111
874.424
873.735
873.053
872.376
871.706
871.034
870.376
869.716
869.063
868.416
867.768
867.126
866.49
865.853
865.23
864.606
863.056
861.537
860.035
858.549
857.095
855.65
854.231
852.829
851.445
850.071
848.715
847.378
846.059
844.752
843.455
842.178
840.912
839.658

2034.025
2068.5
2206.4
2344.3
2482.2
2620.1
2758
2895.9
3033.8
3171.7
3309.6
3447.5
3585.4
3723.3
3861.2
3999.1
4137
4274.9
4412.8
4550.7
4688.6
4826.5
4964.4
5102.3
5240.2
5378.1
5516
5653.9
5791.8
5929.7
6067.6
6205.5
6343.4
6481.3
6619.2
6757.1
6895
7239.75
7584.5
7929.25
8274
8618.75
8963.5
9308.25
9653
9997.75
10342.5
11032
11721.5

486.378
487.233
490.544
493.7
496.711
499.6
502.372
505.039
507.611
510.094
512.494
514.822
517.078
519.267
521.394
523.467
525.483
527.45
529.367
531.244
533.072
534.861
536.611
538.328
540.006
541.65
543.267
544.85
546.406
547.928
549.428
550.9
552.35
553.778
555.178
556.561
557.917
561.222
564.417
567.494
570.478
573.361
576.161
578.883
581.522
584.094
586.594
591.411
596

1950.1
1947.2
1936
1925.3
1914.9
1904.8
1895
1885.4
1876.1
1867.1
1858.2
1849.6
1841.1
1832.8
1824.7
1816.7
1808.9
1801.2
1793.6
1786.1
1778.8
1771.6
1764.5
1757.4
1750.5
1743.7
1736.9
1730.2
1723.6
1717.1
1710.7
1704.3
1698
1691.8
1685.6
1679.5
1673.5
1658.6
1644.1
1629.9
1615.9
1602.3
1588.9
1575.7
1562.8
1550.1
1537.6
1513.1
1489.3

295
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
460
480
500
520
540
560
580
600
620
640
660
680
700
720
740
760
780
800
820
840
860
880
900
920
940
960
980
1000
1050
1100
1150
1200
1250
1300
1350
1400
1450
1500
1600
1700

415.81
417.35
423.31
428.99
434.41
439.61
444.6
449.4
454.03
458.5
462.82
467.01
471.07
475.01
478.84
482.57
486.2
489.74
493.19
496.57
499.86
503.08
506.23
509.32
512.34
515.3
518.21
521.06
523.86
526.6
529.3
531.95
534.56
537.13
539.65
542.14
544.58
550.53
556.28
561.82
567.19
572.38
577.42
582.32
587.07
591.7
596.2
604.87
613.13

838.416
837.185
832.384
827.752
823.278
818.936
814.722
810.625
806.632
802.738
798.937
795.215
791.576
788.012
784.517
781.084
777.715
774.402
771.148
767.936
764.785
761.677
758.616
755.591
752.613
749.675
746.767
743.899
741.064
738.272
735.503
732.768
730.059
727.374
724.727
722.096
719.503
713.118
706.863
700.758
694.764
688.9
683.138
677.471
671.915
666.441
661.064
650.546
640.327

12411
13100.5
13790
14479.5
15169
15858.5
16548
17237.5
17927
18616.5
19306
19995.5
20685
600
Ref

P
87
88

600.383
604.572
608.594
612.461
616.178
619.756
623.211
626.544
629.767
632.889
635.906
638.828
641.667
431.986

1466.2
1443.7
1421.7
1400.3
1379.3
1358.8
1338.7
1319.1
1299.9
1281
1262.5
1244.4
1226.6
2115

T
H
599.865 431.978
2115
606.76 432.422 2113.8

1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2900
3000
35
Ref

P
35
36

621.02
628.56
635.8
642.76
649.45
655.89
662.11
668.11
673.91
679.53
684.96
690.22
695.33
259.29

630.382
620.709
611.261
602.03
593.017
584.21
575.581
567.141
558.872
550.755
542.815
535.031
527.379
946.352

T
H
35 259.29 946.352
36 260.95 945.345

PIPE INTERNAL DIAME

PIPE SIZE

OD

"
"
1"
1"
2"
2"
3"
3"
4"
6"
8"
10"
12"
14"
16"
18"
20"
24"
30"
42"
48"

21.336
26.67
33.401
48.26
60.325
73.025
88.9
101.6
114.3
168.28
219.08
273.05
323.85
355.6
406.4
457.2
508
609.6
762
1066.8
1219.2

SCH 5S
5S
18.034
23.368
30.099
44.958
57.023
68.809
84.684
97.384
110.084
162.742
213.542
266.242
315.936
347.676
398.018
448.818
498.45
598.526
748.73

SCH 10
10
342.9
393.7
444.5
495.3
596.9
746.158
-

SCH 10S
10S
17.12
22.454
27.864
42.723
54.788
66.929
82.804
95.504
108.204
161.472
211.562
264.668
314.71
346.05
396.85
447.65
496.93
596.9
746.15
-

SCH 20
20
206.38
260.35
311.15
339.75
390.55
441.35
488.95
590.554
736.678
-

SCH 30
30
205.008
257.454
307.086
336.55
387.35
434.95
482.6
581.05
730.25
-

SCH 40
40
15.799
20.93
26.645
40.894
52.501
62.713
77.927
90.12
102.26
154.056
202.722
254.508
303.226
333.35
381
428.65
477.824
574.654
-

SCH 40S
40S
15.799
20.93
26.645
40.894
52.501
62.713
77.927
90.12
102.26
154.056
202.722
254.508
304.8
-

PIPE WALL THICKNE

PIPE SIZE Radius
"
"
1"
1"
2"
2"
3"
3"
4"
6"
8"
10"
12"
14"
16"
18"
20"

OD

10.668 21.336
13.335 26.67
16.7005 33.401
24.13 48.26
30.1625 60.325
36.5125 73.025
44.45
88.9
50.8 101.6
57.15 114.3
84.14 168.28
109.54 219.08
136.525 273.05
161.9 323.8
177.8 355.6
203.2 406.4
228.6 457.2
254.179 508.358

SCH
5S
1.651
1.651
1.651
1.651
1.651
2.108
2.108
2.108
2.108
2.769
2.769
3.404
3.962
3.962
4.191
4.191
4.775

SCH
10
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.35

SCH
10S
2.108
2.108
2.769
2.769
2.769
3.048
3.048
3.048
3.048
3.404
3.759
4.191
4.572
4.775
4.775
4.775
5.537

SCH
20
6.35
6.35
6.35
7.925
7.925
7.925
9.525

SCH
30
7.036
7.798
8.382
9.525
9.525
11.125
12.7

SCH
40
2.769
2.87
3.378
3.683
3.912
5.156
5.487
5.74
6.02
7.112
8.179
9.271
10.312
11.125
12.7
14.275
15.088

SCH
40S
2.769
2.87
3.378
3.683
3.912
5.156
5.487
5.74
6.02
7.112
8.179
9.271
9.525
-

24" 304.827 609.654

30" 381.289 762.578
36" 457.2145 914.429
42"
533.4 1066.8
48"
609.62 1219.24

5.537
6.635
-

6.35
7.925
7.925
-

6.35
7.925
-

9.525
12.7
12.7
-

14.275
15.875
15.875
-

17.475
19.05
-

MINIMUM ALLOWABLE PIPE WAL

PIPE SIZE
"
"
1"
1"
2"
2"
3"
3"
4"
6"
8"
10"
12"
14"
16"
18"
20"
24"
30"
36"
42"
48"

OD
21.336
26.67
33.401
48.26
60.325
73.025
88.902
101.6
114.3
168.28
219.08
273.05
323.8
355.6
406.4
457.2
508.358
609.654
762.578
914.429
1066.8
1219.24

SCH
5S
1.3974
1.461
1.5413
1.7185
1.8625
2.014
2.2034
2.3548
2.5063
3.1502
3.7562
4.4
5.0054
5.3847
5.9907
6.5967
7.207
8.4153
10.2395
-

SCH
10
5.3847
5.9907
6.5967
7.207
8.4153
10.2395
12.0509
-

SCH
10S
1.3974
1.461
1.5413
1.7185
1.8625
2.014
2.2034
2.3548
2.5063
3.1502
3.7562
4.4
5.0054
5.3847
5.9907
6.5967
7.207
8.4153
10.2395
-

SCH
20
3.7562
4.4
5.0054
5.3847
5.9907
6.5967
7.207
8.4153
10.2395
12.0509
-

SCH
30
3.7562
4.4
5.0054
5.3847
5.9907
6.5967
7.207
8.4153
10.2395
12.0509
-

SCH
40
1.3974
1.461
1.5413
1.7185
1.8625
2.014
2.2034
2.3548
2.5063
3.1502
3.7562
4.4
5.0054
5.3847
5.9907
6.5967
7.207
8.4153
12.0509
-

SCH
40S
1.3974
1.461
1.5413
1.7185
1.8625
2.014
2.2034
2.3548
2.5063
3.1502
3.7562
4.4
5.0054
-

PIPE INTERNAL DIAMETER (mm)

STD
15.799
20.93
26.645
40.894
52.501
62.713
77.927
90.12
102.26
154.056
202.722
254.508
304.8
336.55
387.35
438.15
488.95
590.55
742.95
1047.75
1200.15

SCH 60
60
198.456
247.65
295.3
325.424
373.076
419.1
466.75
560.374
-

SCH 80
80
13.868
18.847
24.308
38.1
49.251
59.005
73.66
85.446
97.18
146.334
193.68
242.874
288.9
317.5
363.524
409.55
455.626
547.674
-

SCH 80S
80S
13.868
18.847
24.308
38.1
49.251
59.004
73.66
85.446
97.18
146.33
193.68
247.5
298.5
-

SCH
80
3.734
3.912
4.547
5.08
5.537
7.01
7.62
8.077
8.56
10.973
12.7
15.088
17.475
19.05
21.438
23.825
26.187

SCH
80S
3.734
3.912
4.547
5.08
5.537
7.011
7.62
8.077
8.56
10.975
12.7
12.775
12.675
-

XS
13.868
18.847
24.308
38.1
49.251
59.005
73.66
85.446
97.18
146.334
193.68
247.65
298.45
330.2
381
431.8
482.6
584.2
736.6
1041.4
1193.8

SCH 100 SCH 120 SCH 140 SCH 160

100
120
140
160
11.786
15.545
20.701
33.986
42.849
53.975
66.65
92.05
87.326
139.73
131.754
188.904 182.554
177.83
173.056
236.524 230.174
222.25
215.9
280.974
273.05
266.7
257.2
307.95
300.024
292.1
284.176
354.026 344.474
333.35
325.424
398.476
387.35
377.85
366.726
442.926
431.8
419.1
400.05
531.826
517.55
504.85
490.524
-

XXS
6.401
11.024
15.215
27.94
38.177
44.983
58.42
80.06
124.388
174.63
222.25
273.05
-

PIPE WALL THICKNESS (mm)

STD
2.769
2.87
3.378
3.683
3.912
5.156
5.487
5.74
6.02
7.112
8.179
9.271
9.525
9.525
9.525
9.525
9.525

SCH
60
10.312
12.7
14.275
15.088
16.662
19.05
20.625

XS
3.734
3.912
4.547
5.08
5.537
7.01
7.62
8.077
8.56
10.973
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7

SCH
100
15.088
18.263
21.438
23.825
26.187
29.362
32.537

SCH
120
11.125
14.275
18.263
21.438
25.4
27.788
30.963
34.925
38.1

SCH
140
20.625
25.4
28.575
31.75
36.525
39.675
44.45

SCH
160
4.775
5.563
6.35
7.137
8.738
9.525
11.125
13.487
18.263
23.012
28.575
33.325
35.712
40.488
45.237
53.975

XXS
7.468
7.823
9.093
10.16
11.074
14.021
15.24
17.12
21.946
22.225
25.4
25.4
-

9.525
9.525
9.525
9.525
9.525

24.613
-

30.963
-

12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7

38.887
-

46.025
-

52.375
-

59.538
-

SCH
80S
1.3974
1.461
1.5413
1.7185
1.8625
2.014
2.2034
2.3548
2.5063
3.1502
3.7562
4.4
5.0054
-

XS

SCH
100
3.7562
4.4
5.0054
5.3847
5.9907
6.5967
7.207
-

SCH
120
2.5063
3.1502
3.7562
4.4
5.0054
5.3847
5.9907
6.5967
7.207
8.4153
-

SCH
140
3.7562
4.4
5.0054
5.3847
5.9907
6.5967
7.207
8.4153
-

SCH
160
1.3974
1.461
1.5413
1.7185
1.8625
2.014
2.2034
2.5063
3.1502
3.7562
4.4
5.0054
5.3847
5.9907
6.5967
7.207
8.4153
-

XXS

ALLOWABLE PIPE WALL THICKNESS (mm)

STD
1.3974
1.461
1.5413
1.7185
1.8625
2.014
2.2034
2.3548
2.5063
3.1502
3.7562
4.4
5.0054
5.3847
5.9907
6.5967
7.207
8.4153
10.2395
12.0509
13.8685
15.6869

SCH
60
3.7562
4.4
5.0054
5.3847
5.9907
6.5967
7.207
8.4153
-

SCH
80
1.3974
1.461
1.5413
1.7185
1.8625
2.014
2.2034
2.3548
2.5063
3.1502
3.7562
4.4
5.0054
5.3847
5.9907
6.5967
7.207
8.4153
-

1.3974
1.461
1.5413
1.7185
1.8625
2.014
2.2034
2.3548
2.5063
3.1502
3.7562
4.4
5.0054
5.3847
5.9907
6.5967
7.207
8.4153
10.2395
12.0509
13.8685
15.6869
Author: J.A.B. de Lange (in collaboration with C. Haslego)

1.3974
1.461
1.5413
1.7185
1.8625
2.014
2.2034
2.5063
3.1502
3.7562
4.4
5.0054
-