A PRIMER-SYLLABUS FOR VETERINARY MEDICINE LICENSURE EXAMINATION BOARD OF VETERINARY MEDICINE TEODULO M. TOPACIO JR., DVM, MSc., Ph.D.

Chairman TEOFILO F. TULIAO, DVM - M m! r AN"EL ANTONIO B. MATEO, DVM, MSc. - M m! r Rationale and Overview Veterinarians who are graduates of accredited veterinary colleges will have to take and pass licensure examinations in order to practice veterinary medicine in the country. Graduates must be competent in the practice of general veterinary medicine such as food animal practice (ruminants, swine, poultry and a uatic animals!, companion animal practice (e uine, feline, canine, etc.!, "oo wildlife and laboratory animal practice and veterinary public health. #he examinees are expected to be e uipped with the knowledge and skills in the treatment, prevention, and control diseases of economic importance, diseases of animals transmissible to man ("oonoses!, animal production, research and extension. #he examinees must also be conscious of his social and civic responsibilities, must know the obligations in ethical practice, including their contributions towards national goals and development of the government. $fter all, the veterinary schools, government and private owe their existence to the national government. Ob%ectives of the &rimer' (. #o provide answers to ueries fre uently asked regarding &R) activities before and after the examination. *. #o guide the examinees on the re uirements and implementation of the licensure examinations. +. #o enable the examinees to know the type of uestions being asked, the purpose and the coverage of the sub%ect matter they are expected to answer. ,. #o guide the examiners on how to improve their testing abilities that will gauge the competence and readiness of the examinees to practice veterinary medicine. -. #o coordinate and disseminate the activities of the &R), .oard of Veterinary /edicine and the examinees, on the pre0examination and post examination re uirements. 1. #o serve as reference for the examiners, examinees and the accredited veterinary colleges. 2cope and )overage #he primer will discuss briefly the different activities of the &hilippine Regulation )ommission related to the licensure examinations conducted by the .oard of Veterinary /edicine. 2ome are strictly confidential and some are available to all concerned, the examinees, examiners and other interested parties. 2pecifically the examination system of the &R) will be thoroughly discussed. #he contents of the primer0syllabus which are to be carefully studied to serve as a guide for the prospective examinees. #he examination uestions will come from the sub%ects and topics including the e uivalent weights in percentage. 2ample uestions that measure the levels of abilities are given. #he answers are likewise provided. $t the end of each sub%ect will be found the list of text books recommended for the use by the veterinary schools. $dditional references are also listed for further readings. 2ince the veterinary licensure examinations are given only once a year, it has been regularly scheduled in the month of $ugust. #he exact date and venue will vary. #he schedule of the sub%ects for examinations are permanent and are listed accordingly. 3inally, the list and schedule of the post examination information, e.g. the release of the results, activities and relevant oath0taking ceremonies and the procedures for the renewal of licenses can be found in the primer.
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4egal .asis of the .oard 5xamination $s provided for in Republic $ct 6o. +7* entitled' 8$n $ct to Regulate the &ractice of Veterinary /edicine and 2urgery in the &hilippines9, 2ection 1, 8$ person who desires to obtain a license shall apply therefore to the Veterinary 5xamining board (now .oard of Veterinary /edicine!. 5ach application shall contain and be accompanied by proof of particular ualifications re uired under oath and shall be accompanied by the examination fee.9 :t is provided further in 2ection ; 8#he Veterinary 5xamining .oard shall consist of three reputable veterinarians appointed by the &resident of the Republic upon recommendation of the 2ecretary of $griculture and 6ational Resources (now the )hairman of the &rofessional Regulation )ommission upon recommendation of five (-! nominees by the &hilippines Veterinary /edical $ssociation.!9 2ection 7, provides that 8:t shall be the duty of the Veterinary 5xamining .oard to examine the application, diplomas, affidavits and proof of all applicants, and when satisfied of the genuineness of the same, it shall examine all applicants for examination and shall issue a license to each person successfully passing the examination.9 2ection (, states' 8#he Veterinary 5xamination .oard shall meet and hold examinations at least once a year, should there be any applicant for the examination. #he sub%ects for this examination shall be the following' anatomy, physiology, pathology, parasitology, materia medica and therapeutics, bacteriology (now microbiology!, medicine and surgery and "ootechnics.9 Republic $ct 6o. +7* was approved and took effect on <une (7, (=,=.

REPUBLIC ACT NO. #$% $6 $)# #O R5G>4$#5 #?5 &R$)#:)5 O3 V5#5R:6$R@ /5A:):65 $6A 2>RG5R@ :6 #?5 &?:4:&&:652 .e it enacted by the 2enate and ?ouse of Representative of the &hilippines in )ongress assembled' 2ection (. #hat is shall be unlawful for any person to practice veterinary medicine and surgery in any of its branches, including veterinary dentistry, and excepting the castrating and spaying of animals and dehorning of cattle, in the &hilippines who shall not have complied with the provisions of this $ct. 2ection *. 6o person shall practice veterinary medicine and surgery, in any of its branches without a valid and existing license to do so. 2ection +. $ person shall be regarded as practicing veterinary medicine and surgery within the meaning of this $ct who shall append or cause to be appended to his name the letters V.2., A.V./., V./.A., /.A.)., A.V.2., or the words 8Veterinary,9 8 Veterinarian,9 8Veterinary surgeon,9 8Veterinary dentist,9 or any other initials or title implying ualifications to so practice, or who shall treat, operate on, or prescribe for any physical ailment in, or any physical in%ury to, or deformity of, any domestic animals, for which he shall receive any monetary compensation. #he terms of this act shall not apply to commissioned veterinarians in the >nited 2tates or the &hilippine $rmy. 2ection ,. $n accredited school of veterinary medicine and surgery within the meaning of this $ct shall be ((! one approved by the Aepartment of 5ducation (B (*! one re uiring, among other things, that, as a prere uisite for admission, its students must have a four0year course in any public high school, or other secondary school accredited by the Aepartment of 5ducation *B (+! one that re uires for graduation a five0year course in veterinary medicine and surgery, teaching the sub%ects of anatomy and physiology of domestic animals, general and special pathology, veterinary materia medica and therapeutics, veterinary medicine and surgery, bacteriology, parasitology, chemistry, and such other sub%ects as are ordinarily included in the curricula of veterinary colleges and topics, knowledge of which is commonly and generally re uired of candidates for the degree of Aoctor of Veterinary /edicine by reputable veterinary colleges or universities. 2ection -. $ person is ualified to receive a license ((! who is over twenty0one years of ageB (*! who is of good moral character and temperate habitsB (+! who has graduated from a four0year high school or secondary school approved by the Aepartment of 5ducation+B (,! who has graduated from an accredited veterinary collegeB (-! who has passed an examination conducted by the Veterinary 5xamining .oard, to determine his fitness to receive a licenseB and (1! who is a citi"en of the &hilippines or who has made a declaration of intention to become a citi"en and has filed a petition for naturali"ation within thirty days after becoming eligible to do so. 2ection 1. $ person who desires to obtain a license shall apply therefore to the Veterinary 5xamining .oard.- 5ach application shall contain and be accompanied by proof of particular ualifications re uired under oath and shall be accompanied by the examination fee. 2ection ;. #he Veterinary 5xamining .oard 1 shall consist of three reputable veterinarians appointed by the &resident of the Republic upon recommendation of the 2ecretary of $griculture and 6atural Resources.; 2ection 7. :t shall be the duty of the Veterinary 5xamining .oard 7 to examine the applications, diplomas, affidavits and proof of all applicants, and when satisfied of the genuineness of the same, it shall examine all applicants for examination and shall issue a license to each person successfully passing the examination.
6ow 6ow + 6ow , 6ow 6ow 1 6ow ; 6ow 7 6ow
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)ommission on ?igher 5ducation. Aepartment of 5ducation, )ulture and 2ports Aepartment of 5ducation, )ulture and 2ports .oard of Veterinary /edicine .oard of Veterinary /edicine .oard of Veterinary /edicine &rofessional Regulation )ommission. .oard of Veterinary /edicine +

#he Veterinary 5xamining .oard= may refuse to issue or may suspend, or revoke any license for any one or any combination of the following causes' (. #he employment of fraud, misrepresentation or deception in obtaining such licenseB *. )onviction of a crime involving moral turpitude or conviction of a felony, in which case the record of such conviction shall be conclusive evidenceB +. )hronic inebriety or habitual use of drugsB ,. 3or having professional connection with or lending oneCs name to any illegal practitioner of veterinary medicine and the various branches thereofB -. Violation or attempting to violate, directly or indirectly, any of the provisions of this $ctB 1. 3raud or dishonesty in applying, treating or reporting on tuberculin or other biological testsB ;. 3alse or misleading advertising having for its purpose or intent deception or fraudB 7. 3or failing to report, as re uired by law, or making false report of any contagious or infectious diseases. 2ection =. #he members of the Veterinary 5xamining .oard (D shall serve for a period of three years beginning from the date of their appointment. #he members shall be appointed such that the term of office of one member shall terminate every year. $ny vacancy shall be covered by an ad interim appointment for the rest of the term only. 2ection (D. #he &resident of the Republic will have the power to dismiss any member of the .oard because of unprofessional conduct, inefficiency, dereliction of duty or any sufficient and %ustifiable reasons. 2ection ((. #he officers of the Veterinary 5xamining .oard (( shall consist of a &resident and a secretary who shall be elected every year from among the members of the said .oard. 2ection (*. 5ach member of the Veterinary 5xamining .oard (* shall receive a compensation of ten pesos per candidate taking the examination for practice as a veterinarian. 2ection (+. #he secretary shall keep the minutes of the .oard and a book or registration of all veterinarians to whom a license has been issued, indication their names, age, place of practice, the veterinary institution from which they graduated, the number of years of study, the degree or certificates they obtained, and shall furnish a duplicate copy of the minutes and the book of registration to the .ureau of )ivil 2ervice(+. 2ection (,. #he Veterinary 5xamining .oard (, shall meet and hold examinations at least once a year, should there be any applicant for the examination. #he sub%ects for this examination shall be the following' anatomy, physiology, pathology, parasitology, materia medica and therapeutics, bacteriology, medicine and surgery, and "ootechnics. #he date, place and hours of examinations shall be published in one or more newspapers at least one week previously. 2ection (-. #here shall be paid to the :nsular #reasurer (- the following fees' (a! 3or examination, thirty pesosB (b! 3or a license, ten pesosB (c! 3or certified statement that a licensee is licensed, ten pesosB (d! 3or issuance of duplicate license in case the original has been lost or destroyed, ten pesos. 6o fee shall be re uired for a second examination if taken within twelve months after failure in the first examination. #he examination fee may be returned to the candidate if he withdraws before the examinations have started. 2ection (1. #he Veterinary 5xamining .oard (1 may reciprocate with other countries in the recognition of exchange of licenses upon a basis of e uality of educational standard and mutual recognition, which standard shall not be lower than the re uirements of this $ct.
6ow .oard of Veterinary /edicine 6ow .oard of Veterinary /edicine (( 6ow .oard of Veterinary /edicine (* 6ow .oard of Veterinary /edicine (+ 2ee &.A. **+, section - (c!, promulgated <une **, (=;+ (, 6ow .oard of Veterinary /edicine (2ee R$ ,1- standardi"ing the examination and registration fees. (1 6ow .oard of Veterinary /edicine. 2ee &.A. 1-;, promulgated 3ebruary (=, (=;- amending &.A. **+, 2ection - (%! (re' foreign professionals!
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2ection (;. $ny person practicing veterinary medicine and surgery or dentistry in the &hilippines without a license, or who shall fail to comply with any of the terms of this $ct, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be punished by a fine of not less than one hundred pesos nor more than two hundred pesos or by imprisonment for not less than thirty days nor more than six months, or by both such fine and imprisonment for each and every offenseB and it shall be the duty of the &rovincial or )ity 3iscal where such offense is committed to prosecute all persons violating the provisions of this $ct, upon proper complaint being made. $ll fines collected under this $ct shall be paid into the treasury of the province or city where the prosecution is held. 2ection (7. $ny person filing, or attempting to file, as his own, the diploma of another, or a forged or fictitious or a fraudulently obtained diploma or certificate, upon conviction shall be sub%ect to such fine and imprisonment as are made and provided by the statutes for the crime of forgery. 2ection (=. #his act shall take precedence above all existing rules and regulations regarding the practice of Veterinary /edicine and surgery in the &hilippines. 2ection *D. #his $ct shall take effect upon its approval. $pproved, <une (7, (=,=.

CODE OF ET&ICS $rticle : &RO3522:O6$4 A5&OR#/56# 2ection (. Title. 00 6o member of the &hilippine Veterinary /edical $ssociation (&V/$! who is licensed to practice Veterinary /edicine shall use a degree or title to which he is not entitled. 2ection *. Mutual Respect. 00 6o member of the association shall belittle nor in%ure the professional standing of another member nor unnecessarily condemn the character of his professional acts. 2ection +. Undercharging. 00 6o member of the association shall endeavor to build up a practice by undercharging another practitioner. 2ection ,. Reputation. 00 :t shall be considered a breach of this code for a member to assail the professional reputation of a fellow practitioner particularly for his own individual advancement. 2ection -. Compliance to Laws. 00 $ll members shall comply with the common laws governing their obligations to the clients and shall obey without obvious fault the official public regulations and laws governing their acts. 2ection 1. Professional Deportment. 00 /embers are expected to conduct themselves at all times with professional deportment. ?e shall conduct himself in a manner completely above suspicion or reproach. $ny flagrant violation of these principles shall be considered as a violation of this code and may sub%ect the violator to suspension or expulsion. $rticle :: A>#@ #O #?5 )O//>6:#@
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2ection ;. Primary Duty. 00 #he veterinarianCs primary duty of servicing the public is accomplished by giving the best professional service and to act himself in such a manner as to hold the profession in high esteem. 2ection 7. Emergency Ser ice. 00 $ veterinarian when consulted in an emergency by the client of another, shall attend only to the conditions leading to the emergency. >pon completion of the treatment, the patient must be referred back to the attending veterinarian. ?owever, if the client refuses to go back and decided to stay, the veterinarian who attended the emergency case may accept the case. #he following conditions should be present' (a! 3indings and discussions with the client shall be handled in such a confidential manner as to avoid criticism of the attending veterinarian andB (b! :n making emergency calls upon a patient already under treatment, it is unethical to institute radical changes in the treatment previously prescribed in such a way as to attract unusual attention. 2ection =. !uthori"ed #isit of a Consultant as re$uested %y the attending eterinarian . 00 Ehen in the course of authori"ed visit it will be unethical to offer services whether free or compensated or to give advice other than that service which comes strictly within the scope of the official call. 2ection (D. Re isit of Patient. 00 )onsultants shall not revisit the patient or client or communicate directly with the client without the knowledge or consent of the attending veterinarian. 2ection ((. #eterinary !u&iliaries. 00 :t is the primary responsibility of the practicing veterinarian that laboratory workers, clinic assistants, veterinary aides, /edical #echnologists, Radiologic #echnologists and other auxiliaries shall act in such a manner that will not contradict any provision of these code. 2ection (*. 'illing Clients %y the Consultant. 00 :n no instance, under no circumstances, shall a consultant take charge of a case or problem without the consent of all concerned, particularly when the clientCs financial obligation to the attending veterinarian have not yet been settledFad%ustedFcleared. 2ection (+. Delegation of Ser ices. 00 $ veterinarian shall not delegate to any person such as but not limited to veterinary auxiliaries (unlicensed veterinarian, veterinary aides, x0ray technicians, medical technologist, animal caretakers, agricultural extension technicians! the performance of any service or operation which re uires competence as a professional, unless expressly authori"ed by law. 2ection (,. Super ision of (or). 0 #he veterinarian shall supervise associates or auxiliaries personally in the performance of their duties. 2ection (-. Professional *ees. 00 #he veterinarian shall charge fees taking into consideration the nature of the case (span of time used in the operation and improvement of facilities for the veterinarian to work with ease, grace and comfort thereby constituting to the highest professional level of service!, efforts, skills and materials involved and the capacity of the client to pay. #he veterinarian is obliged to reveal to client when re uested, the itemi"ed details of the professional fees charged. 6o demand rebates and commissions shall be demanded nor split fees other than the legitimate professional fees. 2ection (1. Disco eries of (or)s. 00 :n the interest of the veterinary profession and public health, the veterinarian must make available discoveries, inventions or research works useful in safeguarding or promoting health sub%ect to patent or copyright laws. ?e shall not claim discoveries not his own. 2ection (;. #olunteer Program. 00 #he veterinarian may be encouraged to participate in programs designed for veterinary public health education and animal health care. /embers can participate on volunteer programs for the delivery of veterinary services in underserved or unserved areas. :n case of disasters or national emergencies, the veterinarian may assist in alleviating the sufferings of stricken animals and human population of affected areas. 2ection (7. !nimal (elfare. 00 )ogni"ant of $nimal Eelfare 4aw, the veterinarian shall ensure the patients are taken good care of properly, handled and managed as humanely as possible. $nimals used for experimentsFinstructional purposes should be managed properly and humanely. 2ection (=. Professional Commitment to Ser ice. 00 :n all efforts to improve professional service in the health of the public, the veterinarian shall make available to the community his skills, knowledge and experience.
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$rticle ::: A>#@ O3 #?5 &RO3522:O6 2ection *D. +eeping Professionally Competent. 00 #he veterinarian shall endeavor to be professionally competent by updating knowledge, skill and efficiency thus better serving the clients, community and country. a. )ontinuing &rofessional 5ducation 5very veterinarian shall pursue continuing professional education programs offered by the &V/$, its )hapter and $ffiliates, 2pecial groups, schools, alumni associations, study clubs and veterinary associations abroad duly accredited by the )ontinuing &rofessional 5ducation ()&5! )ouncil of Veterinary /edicine of the &rofessional Regulation )ommission. b. )&5 )redit >nits 5very veterinarian shall complete minimum )&5 credits every + years in accordance with the accreditation guidelines set by the &V/$ and the )&5 )ouncil of Veterinary /edicine. c. 5ach specialty group shall evolve its own system of accreditation, establish its council, police its own ranks and shall at all times safeguard the public against those who do not meet the ualifications prescribed by this code. 2ection *(. Display of Certificates. 00 6o certificates, pla ues, or testimonials except recognition and awards by peers other than the veterinarianCs school diploma, certificates issued by the specialty council, the &V/$ .oard, &R) 4icense, &#R and such others re uired by law shall be displayed in the )linics or reception room at all times. 2ection **. Duty to Report. 00 #he veterinarian either in government or private service shall report all violations of the Veterinary /edicine and 2urgery $ct, the rules and regulations governing the practice of veterinary medicine and this code, which comes to his knowledge, to the appropriate chapter or affiliate society, the &V/$ .oard or the &rofessional Regulation )ommission. 2ection *+. Professional Consultation and Referral. 00 #he veterinarian may seek consultation or make a referral whenever the welfare of the patient re uires recourse to those who possess special skills, knowledge and experience. a! #he consultant shall hold the details of the consultation in confidence and shall not undertake an operative procedure without the consent of the referring veterinarian. b! #he consultant shall observe post0operative conditions and immediately thereafter return the patient to the referring veterinarian. :n making emergency calls upon a patient already under treatment by another veterinarian it is unethical to institute radical treatment previously prescribed in such a way as to attract unusual attention. 2ection *,. Criticism and E&pert Testimony. 00 a. <ustifiable )riticism. 5very veterinarian shall report to the appropriate authority or professional society, instances of repeated faulty treatment by another veterinarian but this should be kept confidential. b. 5xpert #estimony. #he veterinarian may provide expert testimony whenever called upon to do so in administrative, %udicial, uasi0%udicial or legislative proceeding. 2ection *-. Unfair Means to ,ain Professional !d ancement. 00 #he veterinarian shall not use unfair means to gain professional advancement, or in%ure the opportunities of other veterinarians. ?e must be receptive to new ideas and suggestions from other veterinary practitioners and ready to recogni"e, encourage and accredit those to whom such credit is due. )onstructive suggestions from other veterinarians should be given careful attention. 2ection *1. Use of Term Clinic-.ospital. 00 $ veterinarian shall use only the term 8)linic, ?ospital or )enter9 in his veterinary practice following the guidelines set by &hilippine $nimal ?ospital $ssociation (&$?$! only.
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2ection *;. Testimonials. 00 $ veterinarian or any association of veterinarians shall not give testimonials, directly or indirectly to any therapeuticFprophylactic agents or their preparations such as remedies, vaccines and other articles for prevention of disease. 2ection *7. Soliciting Patients. 00 $ veterinarian shall not solicit patient personally or employ his clients, agents or agencies to solicit patients or clients including such practice as 8door to door9 solicitation. 2ection *=. Co er up for /llegal !cts. 00 6o veterinarian shall willfully engage in such services that shall cover up or facilitate pre%udicial practices by certain commercial or industrial establishments (public or private!. 2ection +D. Performance of 0%ligations. 00 #he veterinarian shall perform in good faith and with due diligence all his obligations arising from agreements with clients or other persons, and financing institutions or other instrumentalityCs, in order not to undermine the prestige of the profession. $rticle :V $AV5R#:2:6G 2ection +(. !d ertising in ,eneral. 00 $dvertising as a means of obtaining patronage is ob%ectionable, unethical and unprofessional. 2ome ob%ectionable advertising consists of' a! &ersonal superiority over oneCs colleague b! 2ecret remedies or exclusive method c! 3ixed fees for given services d! $s a corporation or partnership beyond that which would be ethical of either party e! Reports allegedly unintentional f! ?ospital or clinic e uipment and other special services rendered therewith g! 2olicited and repeated publicity of the building or occupation of a new hospital. 2ection +*. !uthori"ed ad ertising. 00 #he best and honorable means by which the veterinarian may make known and advance his reputation for skill and competence in the practice of veterinary medicine is through his professional services to his patients and the public. a! #he veterinarian or veterinary clinic or hospital shall have not more than one window or building sign per exposure. b! 4etters for windows or building signs of the first floor shall not be larger than (F- of the facade and shall show only the name of the veterinarian and the term 8veterinarian.9 c! #he term 8gas anesthesia or air0conditioned9 or any technical description must not appear in the card, stationaries, office doors and signboards of the veterinarian. d! $ veterinarian may identify himself as veterinary practitioner only in the following mannerB
(. )ards, letterheads, announcements. $ veterinarian may properly utili"e professional cards, recall notices to clients of records and letterheads when the style and text are consistent with the dignity of the profession.

*. $nnouncement cards may be sent when there is change in location or an alteration in the character or practice, but only to other veterinary members and to clients of records.

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+. &rofessional cards must be of traditional si"e and type and shall not include more than the veterinarianCs name, title, address, telephone number and office hours. :f he confines himself to the specific field of practice, he may include the following' 8practice limited to, or if .oard certified, specialist in... (8specialty9!. Office Aoor 4ettering and 2igns. #he use of door lettering should be limited to (F- of the si"e of the door and shall show only the name of the veterinarian. Eindow or building signs above the first floor shall show the name of veterinarian and term veterinarian only and the letter shall be no bigger than (1cms in si"e.

f! .uilding Airectory. Ehen placing his name upon the directory of an office building, a veterinarian must adopt only the si"e of lettering regularly used by the tenants in said building. g! #he veterinarian shall not use neon signs andFor mobile sign board flashing lights in any form. h! Airectional signboards may be used by veterinarians but shall not be more than two along the street where the veterinarian is practicing and shall be limited to the name of the veterinarian, the address and an arrow. i! $ veterinarian shall not allow his name to be listed in the directories in bold face type or advertise his hospital or clinic in any way differing from the established standard style. %! $ veterinarian shall not allow his name to be printed in public directories as a specialist in the treatment of any disease or in the performance of any service within the scope of veterinary practice.
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2ection ++. !d ertising in Local 1ewspaper. 00 a! $dvertisement in local newspaper should be reasonable in si"e and display. :t should be limited to name, title, address, office hours, and telephone number. 2uch advertisement should be place under 2ection on 8&rofessional9 and not under 8&er 2ection9. b! /embers are encouraged to write articles for the local press announcing the presence of a contagious disease and their control or treatment, provided the motive is a bona fide attempt to inform the clients rather than personal gain. c! $ veterinarian shall use newspaper announcement only when opening a new clinicFhospital, practice, provided that the newspaper announcement shall not be within +D days from the date of opening, change or limitation of practice. (. #he veterinarian shall use only the usual titles and academic degrees such as 8Aoctor, Veterinarian, AV/, or V/A9 in connection with the name or signature, such as but not limited to /2, &hA, 44.B recogni"ed specialty titles, any be if legitimate holders. *. #he veterinarian is authori"ed to the listing of his name in a telephone or other directory, provided that the listing shall not be in bold type nor in a box or in different colors. 2ection +,. !d ertising in Mail. 00 #he distribution in cards, circulars by mail or other wise reminding clients that the time is at hand for rendering certain services other than vaccination, is a uestionable practice. 2ection +-. !d ertising %y Personal Cards and Letterheads. 00 #he letterhead of a professional should be modest, announcing his name, title, address, telephone number, and office hours. 2ection +1. !d ertising %y Display Signs. 00 Aisplay signs of reasonable si"e and dimensions in veterinary hospitals or clinics are not ob%ectionable provided they do not announce special services such as bathing, plucking, clipping, and x0ray works which characteri"es the ways of the charlatan. 2treamers announcing such practices as free consultation, vaccination, bathing, etc. 2hould be avoided. >se of outside displays like mounted dogs, cats or large pictures of animals depicting various practices, etc. $re considered ob%ectionable. 2ection +;. Testimonials2 ,uarantees2 *rauds. 00 :t is considered unprofessional or unethical to' a! Erite testimonials as to the proprietary remedies or food except to report the results of properly controlled experiments or studies, such report to be given publicity through a veterinary %ournal or at convention or meeting of the association. b! Guarantee a cure. c! 5mploy uestionable method to attract public attention or boast of possessing superior skill in the treatment or prevention of a disease. d! :ssuing of false certificates of health or official documents. e! $ccept a fee from the seller if employed by the buyer to inspect an animal for soundness. f! )ritici"e unfairly an animal about to be sold. g! $ct or serve as %udge in accredited animal shows. 2ection +7. /llegal Practices. 00 a! :t is unprofessional to aid in illegal practices of others, practicing without license, teaching others to do so in violation of the laws governing the practice of veterinary medicine. b! :t is the duty of members of the association to report illegal practices to the proper authorities and to report such practices by members of the associations to the &V/$. 2ection +=. Use of !ssociation3s Endorsement. 00 6o member or employee of the &V/$ shall use the name of the association in connection with the promotion or advertising or endorsement of any commercial product or commercial services, or any service without written permission from the .oard of Airectors. 2ection ,D. Loyalty. 00 #he veterinarian should first of all be a good citi"en and a leader in movements to advance community welfare. ?e should commit no act that will reflect unfavorable upon the worthiness of the profession 2ection ,(. Mem%ership and *inancial Support. 00 :t is the duty and responsibility of the veterinarian to be an active member of the &V/$ and bona fide chapters and affiliates of the association within the area of his practice. ?is membership re uires financial support in reasonable amount fixed by his association or chapter.
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2ection ,*. Enforcement. 00 Violation of this code and the interpretation of any provision hereof shall be determined by the )ouncil of 5thics. 2ection ,+. Sanctions. 00 Reprimand, suspension or expulsion from the &hilippine Veterinary /edical $ssociation for violation of this code. 2ection ,,. Council of Ethics. 00 #he findings of an $d?oc 5thics )ommittee would be submitted to the )ouncil of 5thics for $d%udication. 2ection ,-. Confidentiality. 00 &roceedings conducted by the $d?oc )ommittee on 5thics shall remain confidential. $ll proceedings of the investigations being conducted by the $d?oc )ommittee and the )ouncil of 5thics involving any member of the &hilippine Veterinary /edical $ssociation shall be conducted with utmost decorum. $rticle V 5335)#:V:#@
2ection ,1. #his )ode shall be published din the &V/$ <ournal, 6ewsletter, or 2ouvenir &rogram upon ratification by the members of the &V/$ in a .usiness /eeting during the $nnual )onvention and shall take effect within (- days after ratification on 3ebruary *+, (==* in )agayan de Oro.

SYLLABUS FOR T&E FOLLO'IN" SUBJECTS IN T&E LICENSURE EXAMINATIONS

2>.<5)#2, #O&:)2, &5R)56#$G5 E5:G?#2 $6A R535R56)52

MICROBIOLO"Y
/icrobiology (formerly .acteriology! is the study of living organisms that cannot be seen by the naked eye. #hey can only be seen by the use of the microscope. #he sub%ect covers a wise area of study involving the characteristics of the microbes, the harm they do in the form of disease in animals involving the different groups of microbes, the response of the animals body, their resistance, the effects of harmful microorganisms in populations and finally the involvement of the veterinarian in protecting public health through food hygiene. #he sub%ect is divided into - topics namely' .acteriology (General and &athogenic!, Virology, :mmunology, 3ood ?ygiene and 5pidemiology. I. Bac( ri)*)+, %-. !. ,eneral #he general characteristics of the different classes of bacteria including their morphology, biochemical reactions, laboratory techni ues including microscopy must be learned. #he following topics are included in this field. (. *. +. ,. Aevelopment of microbiology as a science 6ature of bacteria and classification /orphology, physiology and genetics 4aboratory techni ues ,.( /icroscopy ,.* )ultivation and biochemical reactions ,.+ 2taining techni ues
(D

,., :dentification of bacteria, fungi and rickettsiae '. Pathogenic $n important aspect of bacteriology that a practicing veterinarian is expected to know. :t is an important pre0re uisite in making an accurate diagnosis of infectious diseases. #he examinee must review the following topics' (. Aescriptions, recognition and diagnosis of bacterial diseases of animals (terrestrial and a uatic!. *. &athogenesis of bacterial, fungal, chlamydial, rickettsial and other diseases caused by organisms of unknown classification. +. Aiagnosis using bacteriological techni ues ,. &revention (vaccination!, and control of pathogenic organisms. -. Aiagnosis, prevention and control of "oonotic diseases.

II. Vir)*)+, %-. #he study of microorganisms smaller than bacteria that can cause harmful animal diseases are called viruses. #hey cannot be seen by the ordinary microscope but can be seen only by the electron microscope. /any of the new emerging animal disease are caused by viruses. 2everal can be transmitted to man which are called "oonoses. ?ence the veterinarian is expected to have a thorough knowledge of the following of the topics' (. 6ature, classification and nomenclature of viruses *. 4aboratory techni ues *.( 5lectron /icroscopy *.* >ltra filtration and ultra centrifugation *.+ )ultivation of viruses +. &hysical and chemical properties ,. Replication -. )hemotherapy 1. ?ost response and resistance ;. Aiagnosis and control of important harmful viral disease of economic and public health ("oonoses! significance in animals with emphasis in the &hilippine setting. III. Imm/n)*)+, %0. #he study of natural resistance of animals and man to pathogens. #he resistance maybe natural (ac uired! or artificial. #his is an important aspect of veterinary medicine the knowledge of which a practicing veterinarian must have. #he following topics are recommended for review and study' (. *. +. ,. -. 1. ;. 7. :mmune responses and resistance $ntigens and antibodies :mmunoglobulins 0 physical, chemical and biological properties ?ypersensitivity and immune response )ellular and humoral basis of immune response :mmune prophylaxis 0 vaccination and vaccines 5rythrocyte antigens 0 blood groups Aefects in the immune system

IV. F))1 &,+i n 2-. $n important aspect in veterinary medicine with public health significance is food hygiene. :t is an obligation of the veterinarian to see to it that the food of animal origin meat and their by products (milk, dairy products and eggs! are safe for human consumption. $nother important public health
((

concern that is the professional responsibility of the veterinarian is meat inspection. :ncluded in this topics are the following' (. /icroorganisms in food and microbial growth. *. 5lements of meat hygiene +. /eat inspection 0 2laughtering procedures +.( $nte0mortem 0 %udgment +.* &ost0mortem 0 %udgment ,. /eat processing, meat storage and distribution -. 2anitation facilities in plants 1. ?$))& (?a"ard $nalysis )ritical )ontrol &oints! ;. /icrobial spoilage in canned foods. 7. &hysical and chemical factors affecting milk products uality including laboratory tests. =. )ontrol and supervision of milk production with emphasis on sanitation and hygiene. (D. 3ood borne diseases 0 diagnosis and control. V. E3i1 mi)*)+, 2-. :t is defined as the study of diseases (occurrence and distribution! in populations. 5pidemiology has two principal uses. :t serves as the investigative of diagnostic discipline or tool for herd medicine and its supports different forms of action against diseases. $ modern veterinary practitioner must have an up to date knowledge of epidemiology that includes' (. *. +. ,. -. 1. Aevelopment of epidemiology 2cope >ses and functions /ethods )oncepts of multifactorial causation of disease 2trategies in the study of diseases causation specially in population 1.( &atterns of disease occurrence 1.* 2pectrum of infection 1.+ &rocedures of outbreak investigation and reporting

REFERENCES (. 'ernard Tome2 4ean5Pierre #aillancourt2 et.al. 5d. Aictionary of Veterinary 5pidemiology. (===. :owa 2tate >niversity &ress. *(*( 2. 2tate $ve., $mes, :owa -DD(,07+DD >2$. *. Department !dministrati e 0rder (A$O! =10+;. &rocedural /anual. &hilippine 5nvironmental :mpact 2tatement (5:2!. Aepartment of 5nvironment and 6atural Resources (A56R!. (==1 +. Di"on. (=71. 5pidemiology and Aisease )ontrol ()ommunicable Aiseases! ,. Epidemiology in #eterinary Practice. ).E. 2chwabe. ?.&. Rieman, ).5. 3ranti. (=;;. 4ea 3ebiger. &hiladelphia, >2$. -. .agan and 'runer3sMmicro%iology and /nfectious Diseases of Domestic !nimals . 7th ed. (=77. <.3. #imoney, <.?. Gillespie, 3.E. 2cott and <.5. .arlough. )omstock &ublishing )o., :thaca and 4ondon 1. McMahon and Pugh. 6789 Epidemiolog: &rinciples and /ethods ;. Micro%iology. &elc"ar, /<., 4.). )han and 6.6. Grieg. -th ed. (==+. 4ocally available and recommended. /c Graw 0 ?ill, :nc. 7. #eterinary Medicine and .uman .ealth . 2cwabe, 2.E. (=7,. +rd ed. Eilliam and Eilkins. .altimore, >2$. =. #eterinary /mmunology. &hiladelphia. >2$. !n /ntroduction. :. #i"ard. (=7;. +rd ed. E... 2aunders )o.
(*

(D. ;insser3s Micro%iology. 2mith and )onant. $ppletox )entury )rofts, :nc. 6.@.

4atest ed.

A.#. 2mith. 6.3. )onant, et al.

((. ;oonoses and Communica%le Diseases Common to Man and !nimals . *nd 5d. &edro 6. $cha and .oris 2"yfries. 2cientific &ublication 6o. -D+. &en $merican ?ealth Organi"ation. Eorld ?ealth Organi"ation (E?O! Eashington A.). *DD+;, >2$

&R5V:O>2 #52# 2$/&45 H>52#:O62 $6A $62E5R2 MICROBIOLO"Y 4BACTERIOLO"Y5 I. Bac( ri)*)+, (. Ehat is the basis for the classification of Pasteurella multocida using )arterCs methodI a. ?emagglutination c. .iochemical tests b. Aifferential media reaction 1. A++*/(ina(i)n *. Ehat is the causative agent of bacillary white diarrhea of chicksI a. 2almonella dublin c. 2. gallinarum !. S. 3/**)r/m d. 2. anatum
(+

+. #he following microorganisms have been implicated in the cause of bloody scours in pigs usually in combinations. ?owever one of them has 6O# been implicated in this disease. Ehich is this organismI a. Tr 3)n ma c/nic/*i c. 3usobacterum necrophorus b. .acteroides vulgatus d. #reponema hyodysenteriae ,. 4eptospira icterohemorraghiae is the causative agent of one of the following diseases. Ehat is this diseaseI a. RubarthCs b. GlasserCs c. S(/((+ar(67 d. EoolsorterCs -. Ehich of the following 2almonella sp. is transmitted verticallyI a. Sa*m)n **a 3/**)r/m c. 2 choleraesuis b. 2 newport d. 2 anatum II. Vir)*)+, (. /easles virus of humans and rinderpest virus of cattle have shown some similar relationship with a canine disease virus. Ehat is this virusI a. &arvovirus !. Di7( m3 r c. ?epatitis d. Reovirus *. Ehat animal species will you encounter #eschen diseaseI a. Pi+7 b. Goats c. )attle d. Aogs +. :n the pathogenic classification of 6)A virus the velogenic strain is considered as the' a. 4east b. /oderate c. 6on0pathogenic 1. M)7( ,. Ehen is the best stage of the disease to collect specimens for viral isolationI a. ?yperacute !. Ac/( c. )hronic d. 2ubchronic -. Ehat disease of canines do you observe 8blue eyes9I a. In8 c(i)/7 h 3a(i(i7 c. Aistemper b. &ara0influen"a d. #racheo0bronchitis III. Imm/n)*)+, (. Ehat is the immunoglobulin associated with allergy and is also responsible for hypersensitive responseI a. I+E b. :gA c. :g$ d. :g/ *. Ehat material will you use to make a vaccine to give more effective immune a. 2upplementor b. $ntibiotic c. A19/:an( d. &robiotic responseI antigenic

+. Ehat is the most sensitive binding test to use in measuring the uantity of antibodyI a. #ertiary b. 2econdary c. Primar, d. Huaternary ,. Ehich classification of hypersensitivity types does anaphylaxis belongI a. ::: b. :: c. :V 1. I -. #here are several kinds of ad%uvants being used to increase the immunogenecity of a vaccine. #he following are examples of ad%uvants. One of them is 6O# recommended for use. Ehich is itI a. $luminum phosphate c. $luminum hydroxide !. Sa3)nin d. /ineral oil IV. F))1 &,+i n (. Ehat is the smell of a product that is spoiled by the 4actobacillusI a. $crid b. &utrid c. S)/r d. Rancid *. Ehich of the following tests is used to measure the amount of fat in milkI a. ?ehner !. Ba!c)c; c. Eode d. ?otis +. Ehat condition in man will be produced when there is a continuous use of the preservatives, nitrites or nitratesI
(,

a. $nomalies

b. Gastroenteritis

c. /utagenecity

1. Carcin)ma

,. Ehat is the black mold responsible for the spoilage of breadI a. $ltenaria tenuis c. $manita phalloide b. .otytis cineriea 1. A73 r+i**/7 ni+ r -. Ehen amidol test is used in detecting unauthori"ed food preservatives, what preservative is being testedI a. )hloroform b. 6itrate c. 6itrite 1. F)rma*in V. E3i1 mi)*)+, (. Ehat is the "oonotic classification of arbovirus infectionsI a. 2appro"oonoses c. )yclo"oonoses b. Airect "oonoses 1. M (a<))n)7 7 *. Ehat is the state of the animals being studied in epidemiologyI a. 2ick b. $live c. A*i: , 7ic; an1 1 a1 d. Aead agent to'

+. :n the study of epidemiology, pathogenecity refers to the property of the causative a. Aetermine the severity of a resulting infections as measured by its fatality rate b. 4odge itself in the host c. In1/c 1i7 a7 d. .e transmitted to a susceptible host ,. #he study of epidemiology by making observations in the field in order to observe a disease event as fully necessary is referred to as' a. $nalytical b. :nvestigative c. D 7cri3(i: d. 5xperimental -. #he method of formulating experimental hypothesis by searching for some factor the which varies with the fre uency of a disease is called the method of' a. C)nc)mi(an( :aria(i)n c. Aifference c. $nalogy d. $greement

particular

strength

of

(-

2>.<5)#, #O&:)2, &5R)56#$G5 E5:G?#2 $6A R535R56)52 PAT&OLO"Y #he study of anatomical, chemical and physiologic alterations in an animal as a result of disease. :n the licensure examination the sub%ect covers + topics namely' General, 2ystemic (2pecial! and )linical. :n order to arrive at an accurate diagnosis of diseases of terrestrial and a uatic animals, the veterinarian must have a good working knowledge of this sub%ect. I. " n ra* Pa(h)*)+, #-. :t is concerned with the basic changes in tissues and cells both microscopic and macroscopic. #he following areas are covered and should be reviewed' (. *. +. ,. -. .asic pathology and definition terms #he cell' normal and pathological Aegenerative change' necrosis and death. Aisturbances in circulation 0 hyperemia, congestion, embolism, edema, thrombosis, infarction :nflammation and repair 0 function, components exudates, tissue in%ury and fever, healing, therapeutic influences, regeneration. 1. Aisturbances of growth 0 hyperplasia, hypertrophy, atrophy, malformations and aging. ;. 6eoplasms 0 classification, microscopic and macroscopic appearance, diagnosis. 7. ?ost parasite relationships 0 infectious disease processes and pathogenesis of disease. II. S,7( mic Pa(h)*)+, #-. #he veterinarian must be able to apply the basic alterationFpathological changes learned in general pathology and correlate these with the clinically diagnosed specific diseases. &ost mortem techni ues and pathology diagnosis of all the organs concerned is part of this sub%ect that must be learned by the veterinarian. #he following systems of the animal must be studied and reviewed' (. :ntegumentary system *. /usculo0skeletal +. Respiratory ,. )ardiovascular -. ?emic and lymphatic 1. Aigestive ;. >rinary 7. Genital (male and female! =. 5ndocrine (D. 6ervous ((. Organ of special sense (*. 6utritional deficiencies III. C*inica* Pa(h)*)+, #0. :n disease processes chemical alterations are produced in a sick animal. $ good clinician should always resort to laboratory methods to arrive at an accurate diagnosis. #he following laboratory examinations are going to be helpful to the veterinarian and therefore must be studied and reviewed. (. &reparations, collection, preservations and transport of specimens from bacterial, viral and parasitic diseases. *. #oxicology +. ?ematology 0 techni ues for examinations ,. )linical chemistry -. )linical en"ymology 1. Eater, electrolytes and acid base balance ;. 2ynovial fluids and miscellaneous fluids 7. 3unction tests for organs
(1

=. )erebrospinal fluids (D. /icrobiological diagnosis ((. $vian clinical pathology REFERENCES (. *ood !nimal Pathology and Meat .ygiene. (==(. Eith 2ection on ?a"ad $nalysis )ritical )ontrol &oints (?$))&! Arago )arl ?erenda and Aon $. 3ranco. /osby @ear .ook 2t. 4ouise, .altimore. .oston, )hicago, 4ondo, &hiladelphia. *. ,eneral Pathology. R.G. #homson (=;7, E... 2aunders )O. &hiladelphia. 4ocally available. +. .istopathology. #homas, ). (=7=. ..). Aecker, :nc. #oronto and &hiladelphia. ,. Pathology of Domestic !nimals. 5dited by A.). <ubb, &.). Gennedy and 6. &almer. ,th 5d. $cademic &ress, :nc. 2an Aiego, >2$ -. Principles of #eterinary Pathology. R.$. Runnells, E.2. /onlux and $.E. /onlux. 4atest ed. :owa >niversity &ress. $mes :owa, >2$. 1. Te&t%oo) of Comparati e ,eneral Pathology. (==D. *nd 5d. 5d. .y Aavid O. 2lauson and .arry <. )ooper ;. Thomson3s Special #eterinary Pathology 0 E.E. )arlton and /. Aonald /c Garcia. *nd 5d. (==-. 2t. 4ouis /o. >2$. 7. #eterinary Clinical Pathology. 5.?. )oles. (=71. E... 2aunders )o. &hiladelphia, >2$ (4ocally $vailable!. =. #eterinary La%oratory Medicine. (=7(. Auncan, <.R. and &rasse, G.E. (D. #eterinary Pathology. #.). <ones and R.A. ?unt. -th 5d. (=7+. 4ea and 3ebiger. &hiladelphia. >2$.

(;

&R5V:O>2 #52# 2$/&45 H>52#:O62 $6A $62E5R2 PAT&OLO"Y I. " n ra* (. Ehat structure in the cell is the metabolic center for forming new or breaking down compoundsI a. /itochondria !. Sm))(h n1)3*a7mic r (ic/*/m c. Rough endoplasmic reticulum d. Golgi apparatus new

*. Ehat do you call these inflammatory cells that resemble the prickle cells of the s uamous epitheliumI a. E3i(h *)i17 c. &lasma cells b. 6eutrophils d. /acrophages +. Ehich of the following anomalies does 6O# belong to the groupI a. $plasia c. $tresia b. ?ypoplasia 1. &,3 r3*a7ia ,. Ehat will be the result if the proteins (colloids! are depleted in the capillary systemI a. Aecrease of tissue fluid c. Aehydration !. Incr a7 )8 (i77/ 8*/i1 d. )apillary hemorrhage -. Ehat is the pathological term when the normal body opening is absentI a. ?ypoplasia c. $genesis b. $plasia 1. A(r 7ia II. S,7( mic (. :mproper disposal of fecal material in a poultry or piggery farm will produce poisonous gases and will cause the following pathological lesions' 0 pulmonary edema 0 hyperemia 0 catarrhal inflammation of the air passages Ehat gas will produce these lesionsI a. &%S c. )O b. )O* d. )l *. $ young pig died within a few hours. >pon necropsy you found the following cardiac and pulmonary lesions' 0 edema with spotted hemorrhages 0 round shape heart 0 pulmonary edema Ehat will be your pathologic diagnosisI a. M/*! rr, h ar( 1i7 a7 c. 2haggy heart disease b. /yocarditis d. #iger heart disease +. :n what species of animals is gastric ulcers often encounteredI a. 2heep !. Pi+7 c. Aogs d. )attle ,. :n what species of animals is perosis commonly seenI a. )anine !. A:ian c. &orcine d. .ovine -. Ehat will be the result of Jn deficiency in pigsI a. Ayskeratosis b. 3luorosis c. ?yperkeratosis III. C*inica* (. &rolonged clotting time is an indication of a severe disease in which of the following organsI
(7

1. Para; ra()7i7

a. .one marrow b. ?eart

c. Li: r

d. 2pleen

*. Ehich of the following blood picture in 6O# correct when describing an unfavorable prognosisI a. T m3)rar, incr a7 )8 m)n)c,( 7 b. &ersistent lymphopenia c. $bsence of eosinophils d. &resence of toxic neutrophils +. Ehich of the following elements will trigger the action of calcitoninI a. :ron !. Ca*ci/m c. &hosphorus d. /anganese ,. Ehich is the most expensive among the following anticoagulantsI a. 6a oxalate b. 6a fluoride c. & 3arin d. 5A#$ -. Ehat species of animal will 52R be useful in a preliminary diagnosis of diseaseI a. )attle b. 2heep c. &ig 1. D)+

(=

2>.<5)#, #O&:)2, &5R)56#$G5 E5:G?#2 $6A R535R56)52 MATERIA MEDICA AND T&ERAPEUTICS 4P&ARMACOLO"Y5 I. Ba7ic Pharmac)*)+, 4=0.5 #he 2cope of this sub%ect includes the physiological effects of drugs and the mechanism of their actions. II. C*inica* Pharmac)*)+, 4>0.5 #his topic covers the use and application of drugs for modification of functions and control of diseases of the various body system. :t also covers the drugs used for the treatment and control of a wide variety of infectious diseases. :t also includes informations on antibiotics, antivirals, insecticides and anthelmintics. REFERENCES (. Philippine 1ational #eterinary Drug *ormulary. (=77. (st ed. *. #eterinary Pharmaceuticals and 'iologicals. (==1. Gansler, G. K A. .levins. =th ed. Veterinary /edicine &ublishing )o., Gansas. +. #eterinary !pplied Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (=7*. .rander, &ugh and .ywater. ,th ed. )assel 4td., 4ondon 2E:& :2. ,. #eterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (=7*. .ooth K /c Aonald -th ed. :owa 2tate >niversity &ressF$mes. -. #eterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, (==-. Richard $dams. ;th ed. :owa 2tate >niversity &ressF$mes.

&R5V:O>2 #52# 2$/&45 H>52#:O62 $6A $62E5R2 MATERIA MEDICA AND T&ERAPEUTICS I. Ba7ic Pharmac)*)+, (. Ehat do you call the component of a pharmaceutical preparation which is responsible for therapeutic effectI a. Ac(i: in+r 1i n( c. Vehicle b. $d%uvant d. /ediator its

*D

*. $ (DL solution of sodium chloride contains' a. 20 +m in 200 m* c. (D mg in (DD ml b. (D gm in (D ml d. (D gm in (DDD ml

+. On which muscle tissues will acetylcholine evoke excitatory responseI a. Sm))(h m/7c* 7 )8 (h "I (rac( b. /yocardium c. Vascular smooth muscles d. $trioventricular node ,. ?ow does atropine acts on the parasympathetic nervous systemI a. C)m3 (i(i: an(a+)ni7m )8 ac (,*ch)*in b. Aepresses formation of acetylcholine c. 5nhances formation of cholinesterase d. 2timulates adrenergic activity -. $lpha0adrenergic receptors in the medullary part of the brain when stimulated will a. A 1 cr a7 in !*))1 3r 77/r an1 !ra1,car1ia b. $n elevation of blood pressure and tachycardia c. Vasoconstriction and bradycardia d. $ vasodilatation and tachycardia II. C*inica* Pharmac)*)+, (. #he following infections are correctly paired with effective antimicrobial therapy, a. T (an/7 - )?,( (rac,*in b. 2almonellosis 0 chloramphenicol c. 5hrlichiosis 0 doxycycline d. /ycoplasmosis 0 tylosin *. :f an animal patient has a history of penicillin allergy, which of the following anit0 an appropriate replacementI a. Er,(hr)m,cin c. Aoxycycline b. Gentamicin d. )iprofloxacin +. Arug of choice for congestive heart failure' a. Di+i(a*i7 c. $tropine b. Huinidine sulfate d. &rocainamide hydrochloride ,. )hronic use of this therapeutic agent may cause vitamins $, A, 5 and G deficiency' a. Min ra* )i* c. )hloramphenicol b. #etracycline d. 4incomycin -. #he following conditions or drugs have been correctly paired with their appropriate specific remedies, except' a. &a*)(han - 3in 3hrin b. /orphine overdose 0 naloxone c. Myla"ine overdose 0 yohimbine d. Respiratory arrest during anesthesia 0 doxopram antidotes or except' produce'

infectives

is

*(

2>.<5)#, #O&:)2, &5R)56#$G5 E5:G?#2 $6A R535R56)52 P&YSIOLO"Y I. Princi3* 7 O8 " n ra* Ph,7i)*)+, 4%-.5 #his sub%ect covers the physiology of excitation, physiology of contraction, the nervous system, the blood and the cardiovascular system. II. S,7( mic Ph,7i)*)+, 4=-.5 #he scope of this sub%ect includes the physiology of the respiratory system, the digestive system, metabolism, fluids and the kidneys. III. En1)crin)*)+, An1 R 3r)1/c(i: Ph,7i)*)+, 4#0.5 #he sub%ect covers endocrinology and reproduction in domestic animals with special attention given to four farm species (horse, cattle, swine and sheep! and two companion animals, the dog and cat. Reproductive patterns of these animals, artificial breeding and associated endocrine glands are included. REFERENCES (. Du)es Physiology of Domestic !nimals. 2wenson, <. K E. Reece. )ornell >niveristy &ress. *. Canine and *eline Endocrinology and Reproduction. (=7;. 3eldman and 6elson. E... 2aunders )o., &hiladelphia. +. Medical Physiology2 -th 5d. Guyton. E... 2aunders )o., &hiladelphia. ,. Endocrinology and Reproduction. (=1=. /c Aonald, 4.5. 4ea K 3ebiger, &hiladelphia. 2>.<5)#, #O&:)2, &5R)56#$G5 E5:G?#2 $6A R535R56)52

P&YSIOLO"Y I. Princi3* 7 O8 " n ra* Ph,7i)*)+, (. Ehat nutrient is stored in the liver as glycogen and efficient source of energyI a. Car!)h,1ra( 7 c. 3at b. &rotein d. Vitamins *. #he vitamin vital to the coagulation of blood is' a. @ c. 5 b. A d. )
**

+. Ehich group of substance will cause skeletal muscle relaxationI a. Nic)(inic an(a+)ni7( c. $drenergic antagonist b. /uscarinic antagonist d. Aopanergic antagonist ,. :f the vagus nerve is severed, which of the following conditions will occurI a. M): m n( )8 8))1 (hr)/+h "I (rac( Ai** 7*)A 1)An b. Aifficulty breathing c. heart rate will decrease d. 2keletal muscle weakness -. Ehat is the p? range of blood compatible with normal lifeI a. B.0 - B.$ c. 7.D 0 7.b. 1.* 0 1.7 d. =.D 0 (*.D II. S,7( mic Ph,7i)*)+, (. Ehich of these respiratory functions prevents over0distention of the lungsI a. & rrin+-Br / r in8*a(i)n r 8* ? b. )heyne02tokes respiration c. )arbon dioxide blood level maintenance d. ?erring0.reuer deflation reflex *. #he ma%or stimulus in the si"e and muscular development of the rumeno0reticulum in a. B/*; 88 c( )8 r)/+ha+ b. Generous amount of milk ingested after colostral absorption c. &rofuse salivary secretions at the start of solid food ingestion d. Volatile fatty acids at the start of microbial fermentation +. #he absence of this in the muscular stomach of the bird will cause the digestion of slower. a. "ri( c. ?ydrochloric acid b. 5n"yme d. 2aliva ,. #he principal organ responsible for gluconeogenesis is the' a. Li: r c. Gidney b. 2pleen d. :ntestines -. Ehich of the following statement is correct concerning the baroreflex mechanismsI a. Ac/( incr a7 in ar( ria* 3r 77/r Ai** ca/7 a 1 cr a7 in h ar( ra( b. $cute changes in arterial pressure do not alter heart rate c. $cute decrease in arterial pressure cause arterial vasodilation d. $cute decrease in arterial pressure cause a decrease in heart rate ruminants is'

hard

food

III. En1)crin)*)+, An1 R 3r)1/c(i: Ph,7i)*)+, (. #he most significant physiologic change following the removal of adrenal glands in a. Ri7 in !*))1 3)(a77i/m c)nc n(ra(i)n an1 mar; 1 7)1i/m ?cr (i)n b. :ncreased in blood bicarbonate level c. ?ypertension d. :ncreased body hydration *. Ehich group of agents are collectively known as catecholaminesI a. E3in 3hrin , 1)3amin , n)r 3in 3hrin b. 6orephinephrine, dopamine, acetylcholine c. 5pinephrine, dopamine, serotonin d. Aopamine, adrenocorticotrophin, norepinephrine
*+

mammals is'

+. Ehich of the following hormones stimulates the 4eydig cells of the testis to produce a. L/( ini<in+ h)rm)n 4L&5 c. &rolactin b. 3ollicle stimulating hormone (32?! d. 5strogen

testosteroneI

,. #he secretion of which hormone is increased at the stage close to parturition in contrast decreased progesterone productionI a. E7(r)+ n c. 4uteini"ing hormone b. 3ollicle stimulating hormone d. 2omatotrophin -. #he physiologic effects of oxytocin does not include' a. In1/c m n( )8 7(r/7 c,c* b. :nduction of milk e%ection reflex c. )ontraction of the smooth muscles of the gravid uterus d. 3acilitation of sperm transport in the non0pregnant uterus.

to

*,

2>.<5)#, #O&:)2, &5R)56#$G5 E5:G?#2 $6A R535R56)52 MEDICINE AND SUR"ERY I. Pr : n(i)n O8 Di7 a7 7 O8 D)m 7(ic Anima*7 42-.5 Gnowledge in preventing animal diseases is essential as part of management of domestic animals. $ general overview is hereby tested on graduate veterinarians. II. Dia+n)7i7 O8 Di7 a7 7 O8 D)m 7(ic Anima*7 4#-.5 Aiagnostic skill and knowledge is one of the most important intellectual possession of a graduate veterinarian. 2uccess of disease treatment depends on how accurate a veterinarian determines the abnormalities of ailment of an animal with or without the aid of diagnostic tools (e.g. M0ray, laboratory facility!. Aiagnostic knowledge is hereby extensively measured. III. Tr a(m n( O8 Di7 a7 7 O8 D)m 7(ic Anima*7 4%-.5 $fter correctly diagnosing an animal disease knowledge about the procedures of treatment (medication or surgery or both! is measured. 5ffecting treatment and recovery is after all the culmination of any medical effort. IV. O!7( (ric An1 ",n c)*)+, 42-.5 #his branch of veterinary medicine involves knowledge in physiology, pathology, microbiology, nutrition, medical and surgical therapy of genital diseases and it also includes artificial breeding. V. AC/a(ic An1 E?)(ic Anima* M 1icin 4-.5 $s any other branch of veterinary medicine a veterinarian must have a fairly good knowledge about a uatic and exotic animal medicine because in any community the veterinarian will be bound to be consulted regarding these creatures. VI. E(hic7 An1 J/ri73r/1 nc 4-.5 $ny veterinarian living with fellow professionals must know the ethical practices toward his colleagues. ?is professional conduct must be guided by the code of ethics. :n addition, he must be knowledgeable about government laws, acts and regulations related to all aspects of veterinary practice. REFERENCES (. ! to ; of Tropical *ish <Diseases = .ealth Pro%lems> . (==7. .aily, et.al. ?owell .ook ?ouse, 6ew @ork, 6@ (DD(= *. 'o ine Medicine2 Surgery and .erd .ealth Management . *nd ed. (=7D. Gibbons, et al. $merican Veterinary &ublications, :nc. :llinois +. Canine Medicine. ,th 5d. (=;=. 5.<. )atcott, et.al. $merican Veterinary &ublications, :nc. ,. Canine Surgery. (st 5d. (=1-. $rchibal, <., et.al. $merican Veterinary &ublications, :nc. 2ta. .arbara, )alifornia, >2$ -. )ompilation of Government Huarantine and Regulatory 4aws, $cts and $dministrative Orders (e.g. $nimal Eelfare $ct of (==7, Generic $ct etc! 1. Current Techni$ues in Small !nimal Surgery. ,th 5d. (==7. .o%rab, <./. et.al. Eilliams K Eilkins. .altimore. ;. Current Therapy in E$uine Medicine. *nd 5d. (==;. Robinson, 5.6. E... 2aunders )o., &hiladelphia 7. Diseases of Cage and ! iary 'irds *nd 5d. (=7*. &etrak, /.4. 4ea K 3ebiger, &hiladelphia =. Diseases of ,oat. *nd 5d. (===. /atthews, <. )larendon ?ouse Veterinary )enter, )helmsford, >G. (D. Diseases of Poultry. =th ed. (==(. )alnek, ..E., et al. :owa 2tate >niversity ((. Diseases of Swine. 1th ed. (==D. 4eman, $.A., et al. :owa 2tate >niversity &ress, $mes, :owa, >2$.
*-

(*. Diseases Transmitted from !nimals to Man. (=;-. ?uber, E.#., et al. )harles ). #homas, 2pringfield, :llinois, >2$. (+. Large !nimal Surgery. ,th ed. (=7D. Oehme K &rier. Eilliams K Eilkings, .altimore. (,. Manual of E$uine Practice. (==+. Rose K ?odgson. E... 2aunder )o., &hiladelphia. (-. The Merc) #eterinary Manual. 7th ed. (==;. $iello, 2.5., et.al. /erk K )o., :nc., Ehitehouse 2tation, 6ew <ersey, >2$. (1. &hilippine )ode of Veterinary 5thics. &hilippine Veterinary $ssociation. (;. #eterinary 0%stetrics and ,enital Diseases, *nd ed. (==(. Roberts. :thaca, 6ew @ork, >2$. (7. ;oo and (ild !nimal Medicine. (=;7. 3owler. E... 2aunders )o., &hiladelphia. &R5V:O>2 #52# 2$/&45 H>52#:O62 $6A $62E5R2

MEDICINE AND SUR"ERY I. Pr : n(i)n O8 Di7 a7 7 O8 D)m 7(ic Anima*7 (. Osteoporosis in sows and gilts can be effectively prevented by' a. A1 C/a( n/(ri(i)n an1 1i ( b. $de uate exposure to sun c. $de uate and comfortable farrowing crates d. 2elective breeding *. 4ymphoid leukosis (avian leukosis! in a chicken breeder farm could be eradicated by' a. E*imina(i)n )8 ++ (ran7mi77i)n an1 i7)*a(i)n r arin+ b. &roviding ade uate energy feeds c. $ntibiotic feed additives d. Regular vaccination +. :t is not advisable to sub%ect a cow to general anesthesia because of the serious risk a. B*)a( b. 3oreign body pneumonia c. $tony of the urinary bladder d. &aralysis of the hind limbs from'

*1

,. Ehy is it necessary to infiltrate the bite wound inflicted by a rabid dog with at the start of post exposure vaccination in humanI a. Ra!i 7 :ir/7 7(a,7 a( (h 7i( )8 !i( A)/n1 8)r a Ahi* an1 r 3*ica( b. :t promotes the healing of wound c. :t reduces the pain d. :t enhances the antigenicity of the vaccine simultaneously given.

hyperimmune serum

-. Ehich of the following measures is the safest thing to do on a carcass of an animal from anthraxI a. B/r, i( 1 3*, b. .urn it c. .utcher it and sub%ect it to rendering machine for animal feed d. Open it and generously pour potent disinfectant II. Dia+n)7i7 O8 Di7 a7 7 O8 D)m 7(ic Anima*7 (. Ehat is the significance of the absence of urobilirogen from the intestinal content of animalI a. Bi*iar, )!7(r/c(i)n c. ?emolytic anemia b. 4iver cirrhosis d. ?epatic necrosis *. $n animal suffering from viral infection most likely show which significant blood cell a. L,m3h)3 nia c. 5osinophilia b. :ncreased target cell d. 6eutrophilia +. Ehich of the following conditions will you associate high serum lipase and serum levelI a. Pancr a(ic 1i7 a7 c. Gidney ailment b. 4iver necrosis d. /usculoskeletal disease ,. :dentify which animal is suffering from some form of immuno0deficiencyI a. A 1)+ Ai(h 1 m)1 c(ic man+ an1 c)nc/rr n( can1i1ia7i7 b. $ horse suffering from impacted colon c. $ cow down with grass tetany d. $ piglet with atresia ani -. /ost accurate diagnosis of acute myocarditis can be obtained by' a. E* c(r)car1i)+ra3h, c. Radiography b. &ercussion d. $uscultation III. Tr a(m n( O8 Di7 a7 7 O8 D)m 7(ic Anima*7

that

died

an

icteric

changeI

amylase

(. $ circumscribed s uamous0cell carcinoma on the free margin of the nictitans in a cow is treated by' a. E?ci7i)n )8 (h a88 c( 1 3)r(i)n )8 nic(i(an7 inc*/1in+ a n)rma* mar+in )8 (h car(i*a+ b. Radiation therapy c. )omplete avulsion of the affected eyeball d. 2ubcon%unctival enucleation *. &ost parturient eclampsia in a bitch is most responsive to which medicationI a. Ca*ci/m +*/c)na( c. &hynytoin b. Aia"epam d. &otassium chloride +. Ehich of the following therapeutic regimen will you avoid when treating laminitis in a. A1mini7(ra(i)n )8 1 ?am (ha7)n b. $dministration of phenylbuta"one c. )orrection of endotoxin d. $dministration of dimethyl sulfoxide in saline solution :V horseI

best

*;

,. Ehich of the following in%uries will you treat first on a cat involved in vehicular a. R/3(/r 1 /rinar, !*a11 r c. 2evere muscle bruising b. 3emoral bone fracture d. 2kin laceration -. :f you are not sure of the location of lesion in the abdominal cavity, the most for exploratory surgery is' a. V n(ra* mi1*in c. &aralumbar b. 3lank d. &aramedian IV. O!7( (ric7 An1 ",n c)*)+, (. #he best contraceptive for a cot not intended for breeding is' a. O:ari)h,7( r c()m, c. $ndrogen in%ection b. &rogesterone in%ection d. 5strogen in%ection *. #his drug of choice in inducing parturition in a mare is ineffective in a cow' a. O?,()cin c. Relaxin b. Aexamethasone d. &rostaglandin 3* +. 3etotomy operation is primarily indicated to' a. R 1/c (h 7i< )8 (h 8 (/7 7) i( can ! r m): 1 in (h !ir(h cana* b. Relieve the dam of pain c. /inimi"e infection in the uterus d. Restore the reproductive state of the dam as soon as possible ,. #he normal position of a bovine fetus at parturition is' a. D)r7a* 7acra* c. 4eft dorsal ilial b. Aorsal pubic d. Right cephaloilial -. &ersistent corpus luteum will cause' a. An 7(r/7 c. $bortion b. 6ymphomania d. &regnancy V. AC/a(ic An1 E?)(ic Anima* M 1icin (. Ehich of the following procedures is the best remedy in treating fractured femur or bone of a parrotI a. In(ram 1/**ar, 3innin+ c. $mputation b. 2plinting d. &laster cast *. 4aboratory animal which is almost exclusively used for screening therapeutic agents' a. Mic c. Rabbits b. ?amster d. Guinea pigs +. Ehen defanging (teeth removal! a snake, which of the following anesthetic will be a. @ (amin c. &entothal b. Aia"epam d. 5ther ,. Ehich of the following microbes is pathogenic to all species of fresh water fishI a. P7 /1)m)na7 733 c. $eromonas salmonicida b. Vibrio spp d. @ersinia rukeri -. 6on0human primates are most resistant to which diseaseI a. P)*i)m, *i(i7 c. Rabies b. #. d. #etanus VI. E(hic7 An1 J/ri73r/1 nc (. #he patientCs medical record in a veterinary clinic is' a. Th * +a* 3r)3 r(, )8 (h 3rac(ic b. #he legal property of the owner c. /ust be made available to anybody d. /ust be kept indefinitely

accidentI

appropriate incision

humerus

your choiceI

*7

*. Ehich of the following veterinary practice constitute an unlawful actI a. Ca7(ra(in+ a ca( Ai(h)/( (h /7 )8 an 7(h (ic b. >ndercharging c. $ssailing the reputation of a fellow practitioner d. .elittling the competence of a fellow practitioner +. $ny race horse imported from foreign country will be placed under uarantine for how many daysI a. #0 1a,7 c. (DD days b. 1D days d. + weeks ,. #he generic act of (=77 banned this drug in food animals' a. Ch*)ram3h nic)* c. /alathion b. :midocarb dipropionate d. &henobarbital -. #he 5xecutive Order 1*1 or the carabao slaughter ban only permits the slaughter of carabaos beyond' a. 22 , ar7 8)r 8 ma* an1 B , ar7 8)r ma* b. - years for female and , years for male c. (+ years for female and (D years for male d. (- years for female and (+ years for male 2>.<5)#, #O&:)2, &5R)56#$G5 E5:G?#2 $6A R535R56)52 ANATOMY #he scientific study of the different body structure of important animals macroscopically and microscopically is called anatomy. :t also includes the different stages of the development of the animals from the fertili"ation of the ovum up to the birth of the animal. #he veterinarian must have these basic knowledge which can be applied in pharmacology, physiology and surgery. #he examinee must know the macroscopic and microscopic structure of the animalsC body for its application in microbiology and pathology.

I. Ana()m, O8 Th D)+ 4#-.5 $. &arts and 3unctions of the following' (. 2keletal and %oint system *. /uscular
*=

+. Aigestive ,. Respiratory -. .lood vessels, nervous and lymphatic systems 1. 2ense organs and special organs ;. $utonomic, peripheral and central nervous system classified based on functional components 7. >ro0genital system .. &arts :mportant in 2urgery, Obstetrics, )linical 5xamination and &hysical Aiagnosis of Aiseases of the Aog II. C)m3ara(i: Ana()m, 4#-.5 $. .. ). A. 5. $natomical Aifferences &arts for 5pidural and &aralumbar $nesthesia $ge Aetermination .reeds and )olor 2ites for &ulse0taking and various types of in%ections (subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous! 3. 4ymph 6odes important for meat inspection G. $cupuncture sites ?. Radiographic anatomy III. Em!r,)*)+, 42-.5 !. The early stages of de elopment of %irds and mammals according to: (. Aerivatives *. )oncepts and mechanisms of development +. 5xtra0embryonic membranes and placentations ,. &rocesses of congenital malformations and terratogens Aevelopment of the following 2ystems' a. 6ervous 2ystems 0 )entral, &eripheral and $utonomic b. 2keletal and /uscular c. )ardiovascular d. Aigestive e. Respiratory f. >ro0genital IV. &i7()*)+, 42-.5 $. /icroscopic $natomy of Aomestic $nimals (. 2tructure *. 3unctions REFERENCES (. !tlas of Topographical !natomy of the Domestic !nimal by &opesko *. Du)e3s Physiology of Domestic !nimals. 2wenson, /elvin <. )ornell >niversity &ress, (=;;, =th ed. +. Early Em%ryology of the Chic). &atten. ,. Em%ryology of Domestic !nimals. (=7-. 6oden and dela ?unta. -. Em%ryology of the Pig. (=;(. &atten. 1. ,uide to the Dissection of the Ruminants by R.5. ?abel ;. Millers ,uide to the Dissection of the Dog by 5vans and dela ?unta 7. Pig anatomy and !tlas by E.O. 2ack =. Rooney3s ,uide to the Dissection of the .orse by E.O. 2ack or R.5. ?abel (D. Sisson and ,rossman3s The !natomy of the Domestic !nimal by Getty. ((. Te&t%oo) of #eterinary !natomy by Ayce, 2ack and Eensing. (*. #eterinary 1euroanatomy and Clinical 1eurology by Ayce, 2ack and Eensing
+D

&R5V:O>2 #52#, 2$/&45 H>52#:O62 $6A $62E5R2

ANATOMY I. Ana()m, O8 Th D)+ (. :f a dog is stabbed with a sharp ob%ect at the middle of the ,th intercostal space and the lung, which of these tissue layers is sparedI a. &ulmonary pleura c. M 1ia7(ina* 3ari (a* 3* /ra b. )ostal parietal pleura d. :nternal intercostal muscle *. #his muscle in the dog in 6O# cut when the pelvic limb is amputated at the stifle a. 2uperficial digital flexor c. Ti!ia*i7 crania*i7 b. 4ong digital extensor d. Gastrocnemius +. :t is not a feature of the dogCs scapula a. $cromion b. )oracoid process c. Glenoid cavity 1. Anc)n a* cr a7( penetrated

%oint'

,. $ deep wound involving the distal part of the lateral head of the triceps brachii damages the' a. >lnar nerve c. /edian nerve b. $xillary nerve 1. Ra1ia* n r: -. Ehich of these statements is anatomically :6)ORR5)# in the dogI a. #he right kidney is more cranial in location than the left kidney. b. #he right adrenal gland is between the caudal vena cava and the caudate lobe of the liver
+(

c. Th r na* m 1/**a c)n(ain7 3rimari*, r na* c)r3/7c* 7 an1 c)n:)*/( 1 3)r(i)n7 )8 (h r na* (/!/* 7 d. #he expanded proximal part of the ureter is the renal pelvis. II. C)m3ara(i: Ana()m, (. :n severe fungal infection of the guttural pouch in the horse, there is usually an epistaxis observed in the affected animal. 5pistaxis could be due to ruptured' a. 4inguofacial trunk c. :nternal maxillary vein b. )ommon carotid artery 1. E?( rna* car)(i1 ar( r, *. #his is avoided when administering drug below the external ear in the pig' a. 4ateral retropharyngeal lymph node !. Par)(i1 +*an1 c. #hymus d. &arotid lymph node +. Ehich of these animals have renal calicesI a. Ox and horse c. Pi+ an1 )? b. Aog and pig d. )hicken and duck ,. $side from the pig, the papillary process of the liver is also missing in the' a. Aog c. &)r7 b. )arabao d. Goat -. 4igating the internal pudendal artery will affect blood supply to the' a. 4arge intestine c. #ail b. ?ind limbs 1. P ni7 III. Em!r,)*)+, (. #his malformation is generally caused by viral infections a. )erebellar abiotrophy c. C r ! **ar h,3)3*a7ia an1 a(r)3h, b. ?ydranencepahly d. ?ydrocephalus *. #he number of tissue layers in the fetal part of the placenta is a. * c. # b. , d. ( +. Ehich type of placenta is present in the cowI a. Jonary c. C)(,* 1)nar, b. Aiffuse d. Aiscoid ,. :n the early development of the brain, there are three brain vesicles. #hese are the 5M)5&#' a. &rosencephalon c. /esencepahlon b. Rhombencephalon 1. Di nc 3ha*)n7 -. #his tooth is mostly commonly involved with root abscesses' a. >pper (st premolar tooth c. 4ower ,th premolar tooth !. U33 r =(h 3r m)*ar d. 4ower (st premolar tooth IV. &i7()*)+, (. Ehich of the 3ollowing structures does 6O# contain an erectile tissueI a. Respiratory mucosa c. &enile urethra !. Va7 1 8 r n7 d. )litoris *. Ehich cells secrete renninI
+*

following

a. )hief cells b. &arietal cells

c. /acula densa 1. J/?(a+*)m r/*ar c **7

+. :n which layer of the retina do light stimuli set up a series of nerve impulses for transmission to the brainI a. La, r )8 r)17 an1 c)n 7 c. :nner nuclear layer b. Optic nerve fiber layer d. &igmented cell layer ,. Ehich neuron has one axon and many dendrites a. >nipolar c. M/*(i3)*ar b. &seudonipolar d. .ipolar -. :t is during this stage wherein each ell or cell line attains and expresses a stable phenotype a. &atterning c. /orphogenesis !. C,()1i88 r n(ia(i)n d. Growth

++

2>.<5)#, #O&:)2, &5R)56#$G5 E5:G?#2 $6A R535R56)52 PARASITOLO"Y #his sub%ect is the study of organisms that live in or on another organism (host! from which they derive nourishment and give no useful return. #hese organisms are called parasites which can produce harmful effects on the host in the form of diseases. #here are several kinds of parasites, therefore a practicing veterinarian should have a sound knowledge of the parasites to understand its nature which could be a basis for its control. #he &hilippines is a country and a favorable abode for all kinds of parasites. 25 Im3)r(an( Ar(hr)3)17 O8 D)m 7(ic Anima*7, Th ir Bi)*)+,, Pa(h)+ n ci(, Tran7mi77i)n An1 C)n(r)*D Or1 r Ma**)3ha+a, C/**i1a , M,ia7i7 F*i 7, S/c;in+ An1 Bi(in+ Lic Mamma*7, Bi(in+ Lic O8 P)/*(r,, Mi( 7 An1 Tic;7 understanding the basic characteristics and morphology of arthropods can serve as a basis for the disease and its control. (+DL! %5 Im3)r(an( Pr)()<)an Para7i( 7 O8 D)m 7(ic Anima*7, Th ir S(r/c(/r , M)r3h)*)+,, N/(ri(i)n An1 R 3r)1/c(i)n 4Bi)*)+,5 Pa(h)+ n ci(,, Tran7mi77i)n An1 C)n(r)*D Tr,3an)7)m)7i7, Trich)m)na7, & ?amia, "iar1ia, &i7()m)na7, Sacr)1ina, L i7hmania, C)cci1ia, T)?)3*a7ma, Sarc)c,7(i7, P*a7m)1ia, L /c)c,()<))n, Ba! 7ia, &a m)3r)( /7, Th i* ria, & 3a()<))n, Ana3*a7ma, Ehr*ichia, Ba*an(i1i/m C)*i, &a m)!ar()n **a, An1 E3 r,(hr)<))n understanding the basic characteristic s and morphology of proto"oan parasites can serve as a basis for the disease and its control (+DL! #5 Im3)r(an( & *min(h7 O8 D)m 7(ic Anima*7, Th ir M)r3h)*)+,, Bi)*)+,, Pa(h)+ n ci(,, E3i1 mi)*)+,, An1 C)n(r)*D Tr ma()1 7, C 7()1 7, N ma()1 7 understanding the basic characteristics and morphology of helminths parasites can serve as a basis for the disease and its control. (+DL! =5 Para7i( 7 O8 'i*1 Bir17, E?)(ic Anima*7, An1 'i*1 Anima*7, Bi)m)3h)*)+,, An1 C)n(r)* understanding and wildlife and feral animals parasites can serve as a basis for the disease and its control and wildlife conservation. (-L! -5 Para7i( 7 O8 Fi7h 7 An1 O(h r AC/a(ic Anima*7 understanding a uatic mammalian parasites (-L! REFERENCES (. Diseases of *eedlot Cattle. (=;=. <ensen, R and /ackey, A.R. 4ea and 3ebiger, &hiladelphia *. Diseases of Swine. (=7(. 4eman $.A. et al. :owa 2tate >niversity &ress. +. *ish Diseases and Disorders. Vol : &roto"oan and /eta"oan :nfections. (==-. Eoo, &.#.G. )$. :nternational' Eillingford, Oxford, >G. ,. .elminths2 !rthropods and Proto"oa of Domesticated !nimals by 5<4 2oulsby -. Parasites and Diseases of *ish Cultured in the Tropics. (=7- Gabata, J. #aylor and 3rancis. 4ondon and &hiladelphia. 1. Parasitology for #eterinarian, +rd ed. (=7D. Georgi, <ay R. ;. Patterns of !nimal Disease. (=7*. ?alpin, .rendan. .aillere #indall &ublisher 7. Philippine 1ational #eterinary Drug *ormulary. Vol (, (st ed., (==+., published by the AO?0 6ational Arug &olicy &rogram =. Philippine Te&t%oo) of Medical Parasitology. (==7. .eli"ation V@ <r. $nd 2olon. <$$ #he >& &ublication &rogram, :nformation &ublications and &ublic $ffairs Office, /anila. (D. Te&t%oo)s of Parasitology, +rd ed. (=1- .elding, Aavid 4awrence. 6ew @ork. ((. #eterinary Clinical Parasitology. (=1(. 5.$. .enbrook and /argaret, E.2. 4oss (*. #eterinary Medicine and .uman .ealth . *nd ed. (=1= 2chwabe, )alvin E. #he Eilliams and Eilliams )ompany, .altimore. (+. ;oonoses and Communica%le Diseases Common to Man and !nimals . *nd ed. (=7=. $cha &. E. and 2"yfres the &an $merican health $ssociation (&$?O!.
+,

&R5V:O>2 #52# H>52#:O62 $6A $62E5R2

PARASITOLO"Y I. Im3)r(an( Ar(hr)3)17 O8 D)m 7(ic Anima*7, Th ir Bi)*)+,, Pa(h)+ n ci(,, Tran7mi77i)n An1 C)n(r)*D Or1 r Ma**)3ha+a, C/**ici1a , M,a7i7 F*i 7, S/c;in+ An1 Bi(in+ Lic O8 Mamma*7, Bi(in+ Lic O8 P)/*(r,, Mi( 7 An1 Tic;7. (. :t is the transmitter of !egyptianella pullorum a. :xodes ricinus c. Ornithonyssus bursa b. Aermanyssus gallinae 1. Ar+a7 3 r7ic/7 *. #ick infestation in dogs may be controlled by any of the following except' a. 4indane c. Aichlorvos !. Ami(ra< d. )arbaryl +. Ehat is known as the canine chewing louseI a. 4inognathus setosus c. Trich)1 c( 7 cani7 b. Aemodex canis d. )tenocephalides canis ,. #he basal %oins of the pedipalps of arachnids are called'
+-

a. &rosoma b. )helicerae

c. "na(h)!a7 7 d. Opisthosoma

-. Ehere does the female Sarcoptes sca%iei lay its eggsI a. On the skin c. On the ground !. Un1 rn a(h (h 7;in d. ?air shaft II. Im3)r(an( Pr)()<)an Para7i( 7 O8 D)m 7(ic Anima*7, Th ir S(r/c(/r , M)r3h)*)+,, N/(ri(i)n An1 R 3r)1/c(i)n 4Bi)*)+,5, Pa(h)+ n ci(,, Tran7mi77i)n An1 C)n(r)*D Tr,3an)7)mia7i7, Trich)m)na7, & ?ami(a, "iar1ia, &i7()m)na7, Sarc)1ina, L i7hmania, C)cci1ia, T)?)73*a7ma, Sarc)c,7(i7, P*a7m)1ia, L /c)c,()<))n, Ba! 7ia, &a m)3r)( /7, Th i* ria, & 3a()<))n, Ana3*a7ma, Ehr*ichia, Ba*an(i1i/m C)*i, &a m)!ar()n **a An1 E3 r,(hr)<))n. (. Ehich statement is true in .abesia infectionsI a. Y)/n+ anima*7 ar na(/ra**, r 7i7(an( b. 6one of these c. Older animals are more resistant d. @oung and old animals are susceptible *. 4eucocyto"oon gametocytes differ from those of &lasmodium and ?emoproteus in' a. 2hape c. N)( c)n(ainin+ 3i+m n( +ran/* 7 b. $ll of these d. 2i"e +. )anine babesiosis is caused by the following 5M)5&#' a. .abesia felis c. Ba! 7ia (ra/(manni b. .abesia canis d. .abesia gibson ,. #ransmission of #heileria par a is' a. :ntramammary c. #ransuterine b. #ransovarian 1. S(a+ () 7(a+ -. Ehat is the definitive host of To&oplasma gondiiI a. Aog c. &ig b. )hicken 1. Ca( III. Im3)r(an( & *min(h7 )8 D)m 7(ic Anima*7, Th ir M)r3h)*)+,, Bi)*)+,, Pa(h)+ n ci(,, E3i1 mi)*)+,, an1 C)n(r)*D Tr ma()1 7, C 7()1 7, N ma()1 7 (. Ehat is the most common tapeworm of the dogI a. Di3,*i1i/m canin/m c. Aiphyllobothrium latum b. 2pirometra mansonoides d. ?ymenolepis nana *. :t is known as the nodular worm of sheep' a. Ostertagia ostertagi c. Aictyocaulus filarial b. ?aemonchus contortus 1. O 7)3ha+)7()m/m c)*/m!ian/m +. :t is found in the urinary bladder of the dog' a. #richuris vulpis c. Ca3i**aria 3*ica b. Airofilaria immitis d. #oxocara canis ,. :t is called the 8giant kidney worm9 a. 2tephanurus dentatus b. /ecistocirrus digitatus c. Di)()3h,m r na* d. 2trongyloides ransomi

-. Ehich of the following nematodes have alternate free0living and parasitic generationsI a. S(r)n+,*)i1 7 73. c. ?yostrongylus sp. b. #richostongylus sp. d. ?aemonchus sp. IV. Para7i( 7 O8 'i*1 Bir17, E?)(ic Anima*7 An1 'i*1 Anima*7D Bi)m)r3h)*)+, C)n(r)*. An1
+1

(. $ filariform worm which is usually found in nodules on the brisket and hindlimbs of $sia' a. Onchocerca reticulata c. Onch)c rca +i!7)ni b. Onchocerca raillieti d. Onchocerca cervicalis *. #he hookworm affecting foxes is' a. Uncinaria 7( n)c 3ha*a b. >ncinaria caninum c. $ncylostoma caninum d. $ncylostoma intestinale

cattle

in

+. #he following are signs of parasitic disease in reptiles 5M)5&#' a. Diarrh a c. )ontinued weight loss b. 4ethargy d. :nappetence V. Para7i( 7 O8 Fi7h 7 An1 O(h r AC/a(ic Anima*7 (. #he coccidian species causing enterities in goldfish is' a. 5imeria cyprini c. Eim ria 7/! 3i(h *ia7i7 b. 5imeria carpi d. 5imeria ischii *. Ehich of the following fish proto"oa has been reported in the &hilippinesI a. $myuloodinium carpi c. )ryptobia cyprini !. Cr,3()!ia !rachia*i7 d. )ryptobia borreli 2>.<5)#, #O&:)2, &5R)56#$G5 E5:G?#2 $6A R535R56)52 EOOTEC&NICS >nder this sub%ect is included the scientific and professional production of terrestrial and a uatic food animals. #he production of companion and animals for sport and pleasure are included in this discipline. Ehile uantity production is the ob%ective, uality in terms of good health and safety from the consumerCs standpoint should likewise be emphasi"ed. #hese considerations are what differs "ootechnics from animal science and animal husbandry. I. Princi3* 7 )8 Anima* Br 1in+, S * c(i)n an1 Im3r): m n( 420.5 $. #ype, .reeds, .reeding, Reproduction and :mprovement &rinciples of 3arm $nimals .. &rinciples of Variations in 5conomic #raits in 3arm $nimals ). &rinciples of 2election of 2uperior .reeding 2tocks I. Princi3* 7 )8 Anima* Br 1in+, S * c(i)n an1 Im3r): m n( 420.5 $. Aigestion &hysiology and 3eed 5fficiency )onversion .. )omposition, 3unction to $nalysis of 3eed 6utrients and 3eedstuffs ). 3eed 3ormulation and 3eeding 2tandards A. ?ealth &rograms, ?ousing and 3acilities III. Ca((* , Cara!a), Sma** R/minan( Pr)1/c(i)n 42-.5 $. .reeds, .reeding and 2election &rinciples .. Reproduction, #rends and Aevelopment ). 6utrition, )are and ?erd /anagement IV. SAin Pr)1/c(i)n an1 Mana+ m n( 42-.5 $. .reeds, .reeding and 2election &rinciples .. Reproduction, #rends and Aevelopment ). 6utrition, )are and ?erd /anagement V. P)/*(r, Pr)1/c(i)n an1 Mana+ m n( 42-.5 $. .reeds, 2tock 2election and Reproduction &hysiology of the )hicken .. 6utrition, &roduction and /anagement &rinciples at Aifferent 2tages ). ?ealth &rograms VI. EC/in Pr)1/c(i)n an1 Mana+ m n( 42-.5 $. .reeding and 2election &rinciples
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.. 6utrition, )are, /anagement, .ehavior and #raining &rinciples ). ?ealth &rograms VI. EC/in Pr)1/c(i)n an1 Mana+ m n( 42-.5 $. 6utrition and )are /anagement &rinciples .. ?ealth &rograms VIII. R 7(rain( )8 Anima*7 4-.5 REFERENCES (. *. +. ,. -. !nimal 1utrition by /aynard, 4.$., 4oosli, #.G. ?it", ?.3. and Earner, R.G. ;th ed. !nimal Science and /ndustry. (==(. $cher, A and )unningham, /. !pplied !nimal 1utrition by )heedks, R. (==( 'eef Cattle Production. 4esley, <.3. (=7( 'reeding and /mpro ement of *arm !nimals. 1th ed. $ndrews, 3.6. Earwick, 5.#. and 4egates, <.3. 6ew @ork, 2t. 4ouis' /cGraw ?ill .ook )o. 1. 'reeding and /mpro ement of *arm !nimals. ;th ed. (=7D. Earwick, 5.#. and 4egates, <.5. 4ondon, 2idney' /cGraw ?ill .ook )o. ;. 'reeding Management and *oal De elopment. #. Earren 5van, Research 5ditor 5 uine Research, inc. #yler, #exas, (=7* 7. *arm !nimal 'eha ior, (=7D. 3raser, $ndrew 3. 2pottiswoods .allantyne 4td. )olchester and 4ondon. =. *eeds and *eeding by )ullison, $.5. and 4owrey R.2. ,th ed. (D. *eed Composition Ta%les for the Philippines by &))$RRA. (==, ((. ,enetics of Li estoc) /mpro ement. +rd ed. (=;7. 4esley, <.3. 5nglewood )liffs, 6ew <ersey' &rentice ?all :nc. (*. The .orse. (=;;. 5vans, <.E., $. ?orton, ?.3. ?int", and 4.A. Van 4eck. E.?. 3reeman and )o., 2an 3rancisco, pp ;11 (+. The .orse 'reeding *arm. (=;=. Eilles, 4.). $.2. .arnes and )o., :nc. 6.#. (,. .orses and .orsemating, 4atest ed. (=;;. 5nsminger, /.5. #he :nterstate &rinters and &ublishers, :ll, pp-,1. (-. .us%andry and .ealth of Domestic 'uffalo. )ockrill, E.R. (=;, (1. .y5line Commercial Management ,uide, ,th ed. (==( (;. /ntroduction to Li estoc) and Production. (=11. )ole, ?. (7. Li estoc) .us%andry Techni$ues, (=7+. /c 6itt, <: and )lay, R. #he )haucer &ress 4td. .ungay 2uffolk. (=. Mastitis Control and .erd Management, (=7(. .ramley, $.<. Aodd, 3.?. and Griffin #.G. #echnical .ulletin no. ,, the 6ational :nstitute for Research in Aaitying, Reading, >G, *=Dpages *D. Philippine *ood Composition Ta%les2 (==;. 36R:0AO2#. *(. Philippines Recommends for 'eef Cattle Production, (=7**. Philippines Recommends for 'roiler Production, (=77 *+. Philippines Recommends for Dairy Cattle Production, (=7*,. Philippines Recommends for ,oat *arming, (=7*-. Philippines Recommends for Sheep Raising. (=7= *1. Poultry /nternational (<ournal (==D0(==+! *;. Poultry Production2 (*th ed. (=;=. 6eishem, /.). et al. *7. Restraint of !nimals, (=-+. 4eahy, <ohn R and .arrow, &at. )ornell )ampus 2tore. *=. Schaum3s 0utline of Theory and Pro%lems of ,enetics . (=1=. 2tansfield, E.A. 4ondon 2idney' /cGraw ?ill .ook )o.

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&R5V:O>2 #52# 2$/&45 H>52#:O62 $6A $62E5R2 EOOTEC&NICS I. Princi3* 7 )8 anima* Br 1in+, S * c(i)n an1 Im3r): m n( (. #he rate of improvement in a herd or breed in dependent on the following 5M)5&#' a. #he genetic association among traits upon which selection is based b. #he difference between selected individuals and the average of the herd or group from which they come c. #he average age of parents when the offspring are born 1. Th 3 rc n(a+ )8 )!7 r: 1 1i88 r nc 7 ! (A n anima*7 (ha( i7 1/ n:ir)nm n(. *. :t refers to the 8amount9 by which the offspring exceeds the mean of both parents' a. ?etero"ygosity c. ?ybrid b. 6one of these 1. &,!ri1 :i+)r II. Princi3* 7 )8 Anima* N/(ri(i)n, Anima* Pr)1/c(i)n an1 & a*(h Pr)+ram7 (. Ehat is the re uired crude protein percentage of a dairy cow in early lactationI a. **L c. 2F. b. (*L d. (-L *. Ehat is measured in a bomb calorimeterI a. ?eat energy c. Aigestible energy !. "r)77 n r+, d. /etaboli"ed energy +. :t is the most important vitamin re uired in cattle rations a. Vitamin ) c. Vi(amin A b. Vitamin 5 d. Vitamin A ,. $ chromic dermatitis with scaly skin and a thinning of the hair coat with rough appearance primates is caused by a deficiency of' a. 6iacin c. Bi)(in b. 3olic acid d. &antothenic acid -. 2alivary amylase acts on starch to produce' a. Glucose c. Galactose b. 2ucrose 1. Ma*()7 III. Ca((* , Cara!a), Sma** R/minan( Pr)1/c(i)n (. $ normal carrying capacity of an undeveloped pasture is' a. 2 c)A 3 r h c(ar c. (D cows per hectare b. +D cows per hectare d. *D cows per hectare *. #he floor space re uirement for buck is' a. +.- s .m. c. (.- s .m. !. %.$ 7C.m. d. (.= s .m. +. :f a ewe is bred on <anuary (, when is it going to lambI a. /ay *D c. /ay *!. Ma, %F d. <une , IV. SAin Pr)1/c(i)n an1 Mana+ m n( (. 5arly weaning of piglets is now practical at' a. (D0(* days c. *,0+D days !. 2$-%2 1a,7 d. +D0,- days in

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*. $ *D0kg pig has to be fed (1L protein ration. )orn containing 7.=L protein and a +1L protein supplement are available. Ehat percent of the ration should consist of corn and the +1L protein supplementI a. *,.7L corn and ;-.*L supplement b. ;+.7L corn and *1.*L supplement c. ;-.*L corn and *,.7L supplement 1. B#.$. c)rn an1 %>.%. 7/33* m n( +. Ehich of the following traits in swine has the lowest percentage of heritabilityI a. 4itter weight at weaning c. 4itter si"e at weaning !. Bir(h A i+h( )8 3i+7 d. Aaily gain from weaning to marketing ,. ?andling and transport of animals in the &hilippines are now regulated by the passage of the NNNN. a. Veterinary &ractice $ct c. $griculture and 3isheries /oderni"ation $ct b. $ll of these 1. Anima* ' *8ar Ac( -. $ pig consumed *7D kgs of feed to reach =D kgs from its starting weight of (- kgs. feed conversion ratio (3)R!I a. ,.D b. +.1 c. #.B# d. +.(( V. P)/*(r, Pr)1/c(i)n an1 Mana+ m n( (. Ehen should culling of chickens take placeI a. .efore the laying period c. Auring transfer to the laying house b. $fter the laying period 1. Thr)/+h)/( (h , ar *. )hange from a starter ration to a growing ration occurs when chicks are' a. , weeks old c. (D weeks old b. 7 weeks old 1. > A ;7 )*1 +. Ehat is the average culling percentage of a laying flock under normal conditionsI a. %-. c. *DL b. ,DL d. +DL ,. >se of trapnests is a way of' a. M a7/rin+ ++ 3r)1/c(i)n b. /easuring feed intake c. /ating d. )ulling Ehat is its

-. $ bird whose ovaries have been removed is called a' a. 2lip c. P)/*ar1 b. )apon d. &ullet VI. EC/in Pr)1/c(i)n an1 Mana+ m n( (. .ecause of the limited bacterial action in the horse, this is not used in horse rations a. Ur a c. 4ysine b. 2lat d. &hosphorus *. $ smooth mouthed horse is NNNN years of age. a. c. 7 b. (D 1. 2% +. /ares usually stay in heat for' a. (0* days !. #-B 1a,7 c. (D0(, days d. ;0(D days

,. #he fre uency of mating of a +0year old stallion should be' a. + servicesFweek c. 2 7 r:ic G1a, b. *0+ servicesFday d. * serviceFweek VII. E)) an1 E?)(ic Anima*7 Mana+ m n(
,D

(. #he following are breed of rabbit 5M)5&#' a. ?arle uin c. A/7(ra*ian 'hi( b. 5nglish $ngora d. 6ew Jealand Ehite

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