Construction Magazine

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1
Guide to Green
Building Rating Systems // $81.95
Today, sustainability is a growing concern for the architects, designers, builders, and owners of commercial and residential buildings. Meeting the
requirements of a rating system provides a metric to evaluate and set priorities. But the variety and complexity of methods available to assess the eco-
friendliness of a building can seem overwhelming. Guide to Green Building Rating Systems informs readers about the rating system selection process.
Comparing essential issues such as cost, ease of use, and building performance, this book offers solid guidance that will help readers nd the rating
system that best ts their needs. This easy-to-follow reference includes:
An overview of the major national rating systems, including LEED
, Green Globes
, the National Green Building Standard, and ENERGY STAR

An in-depth look at each rating system, including its evolution, objectives, point structure, levels of certication, benets, and shortcomings
How the ratings systems work for different types of buildingscommercial, multi-family residential, and single-family residential construction
Illustrated case studies from different climate regions with project descriptions, cost data, and lessons learned by design teams,
constructors, and owners
An overview of local, regional, and international rating systems
Guide to Green Building Rating Systems demysties complex material, making this book an essential reference for building professionals engaged in, or
wishing to pursue, sustainable building practices. // $81.95
2
Greening Existing
Buildings // $86.45
This GreenSource guide explains how to transform existing buildings into more energy-efcient, resource-conserving green buildings. The book provides a
clear process that guides you, step-by-step, through each phase of moving building operations and maintenance toward the goal of a green-certied building.
Greening Existing Buildings features proven technologies and operating methods, and shows building owners and facility managers how to green
buildings in a cost-effective way. This practical and insightful resource highlights the ten best practices for greening existing buildings, and includes
more than 25 case studies of successful implementations and 35 insightful interviews with industry experts and building owners and managers.
Greening Existing Buildings covers:
Economic drivers and market dynamics
Getting the U.S. EPAs ENERGY STAR rating
U.S. Green Building Councils LEED for Existing
Buildings rating
Making the business case for greening existing
buildings
Cost of greening and setting realistic project budgets
Energy-efcient building upgrades
Sustainable site management and water
conservation retrots
Crafting purchasing and waste management policies
Upgrading indoor environmental quality
Managing a LEED for Existing Buildings:
Operations and Maintenance
(EBOM) certication project, from beginning to end
SF_AECStore_HolidayAd_1010.indd 1 10/25/10 3:33 PM
environmental design + construction

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Visit us at booth #1439
Reader Service No. 65 www.EDCmag.com/webcard
Architect: BRT Architekten
Hamburg, Germany
Retractable Sunshades
Introducing
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Not only are C/S Solarmotion Retractable Sunshades highly effective, they also offer
lots of visual possibilities. Solarmotion can create a dramatic visual effect for your facade
or virtually disappear. They can be used outside the building, inside, or between two
panes of glass.The system allows occupants to control the amount of daylight entering
their offices, while reducing glare and energy usage. Through an exclusive agreement
with Warema, Europes leading manufacturer, C/S is able to bring this technology to the
North American market. To learn more, visit www.c-sgroup.com, call 800-631-7379 or
find Construction Specialties on
or . See us at GreenBuild, booth #1309.

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Learn about the role of the envelope in
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CENTRIA is focused on the future. Our high quality metal wall and roof systems complete
the equation in many of todays most innovative and imaginative learning environments.
Whether its a retrot project or new construction, CENTRIA consistently receives high
honors for our commitment to aesthetics, performance and sustainability. It is our goal
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Los Medanos College | Pittsburg, CA
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 8
NOVEMBER 2010
VOLUME 13
NUMBER 11
CONTENTS
On the Cover: The 30,000-square-foot Roosevelt Community Center is the City of
San Jos, Calif.s first LEED-NC Gold project and the winner of ED+Cs Excellence in Design
Award in the Government category. Photo by Cesar Rubio. See the full story on page 20.
10 WEB TOC
12 EDITORS NOTE
14 NEW + NOTABLE
89 ADVERTISERS INDEX
90 PARTING SHOT
In Every Issue
90
20
44
75
86
30
58
78
38
68
80
40
70
82
In This Issue
On the Record:
NZE Cost Modeling
The third net-zero
energy buildings
roundtable analyzes
cost modeling.
By Bruce Haxton and Michelle Hucal.
Buildings Shall Be
Capable Of
Why some buildings are
falling short of their true
potential and what to
do about it.
By James D.Qualk, LEED AP.
Good Wood
Opinion Column: Certified
wood drives conservation.
By Corey Brinkema, FSC-US.
Water and
Sustainability
Blue is the new green.
Sustainable practices
address critical
water scarcity.
By Jerry Yudelson.
Whats Missing?
Alphabet soup of
federal sustainability
requirements requires
education.
By Scott DeGaro, CCCA, LEED AP
BD+C | O+M.
Community Gold
The award-winning
Roosevelt Community
Center will be a long-
term treasure for its San
Jose community.
Submitted by Group 4.
Intelligent Design
Using LEED techniques
and BIM, a new state-of-
the-art intelligence facility
empowers its workforce.
By Jonathan Weiss, AIA, LEED AP, and
Robert Khurana, AIA, LEED AP.
Sustainability is
in Session
Collaboration presides
over the project team of
Franklin Countys LEED
Silver courthouse.
By Amy Numbers.
Steppin Up
Carpet manufacturers
offer more options
with certified sustainable
products and close
the loop.
By Michelle Hucal, LEED AP.
Communicating
Sustainability
Part 2: Standardizing
green guidelines for IT
and communications
systems.
By Gislene D. Weig, RCDD.
Lighting up
the Army
The Greenlief Armed Forces
Reserve Center takes
advantage of the latest
energy-saving technology.
By David Sykes.
Green
Fever
Eco-friendly and
cost-effective
construction is
enhanced with BIM.
By Kevin W. Kuntz.
Thats My
Property!
What building
professionals need to
know about patents.
By Ryan L. Marshall and
Steven P. Shurtz.
Newsline
For breaking news, visit www.EDCmag.com or sign up
online to receive the eNewsletter delivered right to your
inbox. For current industry news from your phone,
snap the mobile tag here.
Get thefreeappfor your phoneat
http://gettag.mobi
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N
A
P
I
T
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 10
Army Corps Takes Going Green to New Heights!
By JoAnne Castagna, Ed.D.
The new multistory Department of Defense administrative office
complex is the tallest structure in the region and tallest project ever
erected by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
Is Your Campus Working at Peak Efficiency?
By George H. Amburn Jr. and Mazzetti Nash Lipsey Burch
The Princeton Review and the U.S. Green Building Council introduced a
guide to green colleges focusing on institutions of higher education who
have demonstrated an above-average commitment to sustainability.
LEED Certified Housing for Troops
By Ed Zdon, LEED AP BD+C
As part of an initiative to improve quality of life on its bases, the
Army decided to significantly upgrade the on-base housing at Fort
Bliss, which encompasses 1.1 million acres of land.
Green Cooking
By David Yedor
Metro State Hospital, a psychiatric and rehabilitation hospital, realized
it needed a more efficient kitchen that could produce more meals per
day and better meet the nutritional needs of the patients and staff.
NASAs Out-of-this-World Green Building
By Damon Dusterhoft, AIA, LEED AP
Saying the newest building on the Jet Propulsion Laboratorys
campus is out of this world may not be completely accurate, but
considering what goes on inside the 190,000-square-foot Flight
Projects Center, its headed in the right direction.
The Navys LEED Gold Gem
By Lois Vitt Sale, AIA, LEED Faculty
The naval base reached another milestone in sustainability by teaming up
with Wight & Co. to design the Atlantic Fleet Drill Hall, incorporating several
best practices in sustainable site design and low-impact development.
WEB
TOC
THIS MONTHS WEB EXCLUSIVE FEATURES INCLUDE:
3
4
5
6
1
MARC BARNES, U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
2
1
Community Gold: Group 4 Architecture
discusses the award-winning Roosevelt
Community Center.
www.EDCmag.com/podcast
Closing the Loop
Shane Smith, sales manager,
Aquafil USA, shares the companys
environmental mission and the
Econyl 75 high-performance fibre
during an interview by Diana
Brown, ED+C/SF group publisher,
at the Aquafil showroom at the
Merchandise Mart in Chicago.
ONLY ONLINE: EXCLUSIVE VIDEO INTERVIEWS
See all the current videos from ED+C online at http://www.edcmag.com/Articles/Video_Archive.
More exclusive video interviews to come following Greenbuild this month. Be sure to visit www.EDCmag.com to watch
and listen to the latest in green building products, news and information.
Do the Right Thing
In the Bolyu showroom at the
Merchandise Mart in Chicago, James
Leslie talks about the success of the
companys environmental carpet
products and the reasons behind
its green initiatives during an
interview with ED+C/SF Group
Publisher Diana Brown.
Online Only at www.EDCmag.com
SPONSORED BY:
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 12
our conference participation. For example, even though
we distribute a print magazine at the event, we limit their
number, and all of the magazines and other collateral we
bring are printed on recycled and/or certified paper.
From the Show
Were kicking off our Greenbuild week a day early by hosting
a networking and educational event for students on Mon-
day, Nov. 15, sponsored by Carlisle and Antron. On Tuesday,
during the opening night festivities, well announce the
Readers Choice Award winners.
And ED+C/SF editors and contributors will be blog-
ging all along the way. Visit www.EDCmag.com/usgbc to
check out our microsite, see some of the hot products we
find, and look at our photos from the show. You can share
your own Greenbuild photos by logging onto flickr.com.
Just use our login EDCMag@yahoo.com and password
GreenBuildPhotos.
Want more products? Our Green Product Buzz Guide,
sponsored by BASF, will be available at the show and on our
microsite for your viewing pleasure.
See you in Chicago!
NOTE
Are you ready for the biggest green building event of
the year? The Greenbuild Conference and Expo is right
around the corner, once again in Chicago, on Nov. 17-19,
2010 (visit www.greenbuildexpo.org for more info), and
my team is gearing up for a great show!
Be sure to visit the ED+C and Sustainable Facility (SF)
booth #545. Almost all of the ED+C/SF staff will be onsite
managing editor Derrick Teal and I will be making our
rounds in addition to spending some time at our booth. If
you want to learn more about the magazine, catch up with
group publisher Diana Brown, SF publisher Liz Obloy, sales
reps Karrie Laughlin or Chris Campbell, marketing manager
Paul Dykstra and publishing director Tim Fausch. Its the first
Greenbuild for Paul and Chris, so be sure to give them a big
welcome. I, on the other hand, feel like a Greenbuild pro
(this will be my ninth Greenbuild!). But, Im still a little un-
easy since this show is bigger than ever before so much
to do, so little time!
In addition to our core staff, other BNP Media colleagues
will be on hand. Well be everywhere! But dont worry,
were purchasing CO
2
emission-reducing offsets (for travel,
etc.) through the Leonardo Academy (you can, too, at
www.cleanerandgreener.org). Like the other Greenbuild
exhibitors, were taking additional steps to be greener at
our booth and have less of an environmental impact with
Assistant Editor
Stephanie Fujiwara
fujiwaras@bnpmedia.com
Phone: 248.786.1620
PROUD MEMBER SBIC
BNPMediaHelps People SucceedinBusiness withSuperior Information
2401 W. Big Beaver, Suite 700 | Troy, MI 48084 | 248.362.3700 | www.EDCmag.com
East Coast Sales Manager
Chris Campbell
campbellc@bnpmedia.com
Phone: 248.786.1693
Fax: 248.502.1097
West Coast Sales Manager
Karrie Laughlin
laughlink@bnpmedia.com
Phone: 248.786.1657
Fax: 248.502.2065
Midwest Sales Manager
Elizabeth Obloy
obloye@bnpmedia.com
Phone: 248.244.6452
Fax: 248.244.3947
ADVERTISING + SALES
Tree(s): 114 Solid waste: 7,245 lb
Water: 68,380 gal Air emissions: 15,909 lb
ED+Cs use of Rolland Enviro100
Print instead of virgin fibers paper
reduced its ecological footprint by:
E
D
I
T
O
R
S
List Rentals
For postal information please
contact Michael Constantino
at 800-223-2194 x748 or
email him at michael.
constantino@eraepd.com
For email information
please contact
Shawn Kingston at
800-409-4443 x828 or
email her at shawn.kingston@
eraepd.com
Group Publisher
Diana Brown
brownd@bnpmedia.com
Phone: 248.244.6258
Fax: 248.244.3911
Editor
Michelle Hucal, LEED AP
hucalm@bnpmedia.com
Phone: 248.244.1280
Managing Editor
Derrick Teal
teald@bnpmedia.com
Phone: 248.786.1645
Fax: 248.283.6560
Art Director
Shannon Shortt
shortts@bnpmedia.com
ART + PRODUCTION
Production Manager
Jeff Bagwell
bagwellj@bnpmedia.com
Phone: 248.244.6481
Fax: 248.283.6589
Subscription
Information
Phone: 847.763.9534
Fax: 847.763.9538
EDC@halldata.com
Reprint Sales
Jill DeVries
devriesj@bnpmedia.com
Phone: 248.244.1726
Fax: 248.244.3934
Windy City to host Greenbuild
this month!
www.twitter.com/EDCmagazine
www.EDCmag.com/connect
www.facebook.com/Greenmags
IM SURE YOU NOTICED THE ATTRACTIVE, AWARD-WINNING PROJECT ON THE COVER OF THIS ISSUE (SEE MORE ABOUT SAN JOSES ROOSEVELT
COMMUNITY CENTER ON PAGE 20). NEXT YEAR, THIS COULD BE YOUR PROJECT. ENTER OUR ANNUAL EXCELLENCE IN DESIGN AWARDS CONTEST
ONLINE AT EID.EDCMAG.COM FOR A CHANCE TO HAVE YOUR GREEN BUILDING PROJECT FEATURED IN THE PAGES OF ED+C. THE DEADLINE FOR
ENTRIES IS FEB. 11, 2011. GOOD LUCK!
2011
EXCELLENCE
IN DESIGN
AWARDS
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 14
NEW
+ NOTABLE
1
Special Effects Accessory
Carlisle SynTec recently added Stained Glass Stone, a new special effects
accessory, to its Roof Garden System.Available in 12 colors, Stained Glass
Stone was designed to be an attractive addition to any roof garden or pla-
za, offering possibilities for designing anything from company logos to faux
water features. Stained Glass Stone features 100 percent post-consumer re-
cycled content and is hoisted to the rooftop and deposited over a 1-inch or
thicker drainage composite. The Carlisle Stained Glass Stone is then applied
at a minimum of 10 pounds per square foot. www.carlisle-syntec.com
Carlisle SynTec | Reader Service No. 10
2
Air Conditioning, Dehumidification System
Advantix Systems air conditioning and dehumidification system, DuHy-
brid, is an HVAC product available to commercial and industrial applica-
tions.Based on liquid desiccant technology, the DuHybrid is designed to
provide as much as 80 percent energy cost savings through the use of
renewable energy sources (solar thermal, waste heat, etc.) and uses grid
power to respond to any risks of power intermittency.According to the
company, DuHybrid also naturally cleans air of bacteria and mold without
condensation points or overcooling. www.advantixsystems.com
Advantix Systems | Reader Service No. 11
3
Structural Wall Panels
Kingspan Designwall architectural products are available in a
variety of horizontal and vertical options, including flat and ribbed
profiles of steel or aluminum with foam or honeycomb cores rang-
ing in thickness from 1
1/8
inch to 3 inches, the company reports.
Product length, width, thickness and exterior surface limitations
are intended for general design guidelines. Designwall panels are
produced on a custom-designed production line and shipped to
the Midwest and East Coast. www.kingspan.com
Kingspan | Reader Service No. 12
4
Hybrid Ceiling Panel
CertainTeed has added to its portfolio of acoustical ceiling products through
the introduction ofAdagio High CAC, a sustainable composite ceiling panel
that features acoustical performance. According to the company, the panel
combines the sound absorption of high-density fiberglass with the sound
containment qualities of mineral fiber. The panels feature a 62 percent
recycled content and include BIOSHIELD, a treatment for added mold and
mildew resistance. The panels high light reflectance (0.90) on its Overtone
offering increases the natural distribution of lighting. www.certainteed.com
CertainTeed | Reader Service No. 13
2
To request more information on these products, visit www.EDCmag.com/webcard
and enter the corresponding reader service numbers.
4
1
3
CONCRETE HAS NEVER BEEN SO
REPAIR, RESTORE, PROTECT OR BEAUTIFY ANY CONCRETE SURFACE.
When you choose decorative concrete coating systems from Sherwin-Williams, great looks are
just the beginning. All of our interior and exterior solutions are engineered for long-term durability
and protection in high-traffic commercial environments. From flexible waterproofers and
urethane sealants to repair mortars and colored densiers and hardeners, our products meet the
toughest standards for VOC compliance, performance and aesthetics. Whatever your vision
whether its polished oors or decorative and stamped patternswere here to
help you make it concrete.
Only Sherwin-Williams has 3300 stores and 1400 reps for fast local access
to products and services. Call 800-321-8194 for product and compliance
information or visit sherwin-williams.com/pro.
2010 The Sherwin-Williams Company Reader Service No. 7 www.EDCmag.com/webcard
NEW
+ NOTABLE
Gypsum Board that Improves IAQ
Booth # 1439
CertainTeed Gypsums AirRenew gypsum board
utilizes a patent-pending technology to reduce
volatile organic compounds (VOCs) circulating
indoors. According to the company, AirRenew
actively helps clean the air by capturing VOCs
formaldehyde and other aldehydes and
converting them into inert compounds that
safely remain within the board. AirRenew also
features M2Tech technology, which is specially
engineered to provide enhanced protection
against moisture and mold. AirRenew is de-
signed for buildings with stringent air quality
requirements such as hospitals, schools and
office buildings. www.airrenew.com
CertainTeed Gypsum | Reader Service No. 17
Custom Cover Hand Dryers
Booth # 883
The XLERATOR hand dryer
now offers digital imaging
technology that allows
buyers to design their own
XLERATOR hand dryers with
company logos, team mas-
cots, school colors or with
a green message that com-
municates their organizations commitment
to environmental sustainability, the company
reports. Excel Dryer uses patented 3D sublima-
tion decoration imaging technology that allows
the dryers to be branded with a fully integrated
design, rather than a sticker or other surface
brand that could be easily marred or removed.
www.exceldryer.com
Excel | Reader Service No. 18
Illumination Solution
Booth # 492
NanoLumen is a recessed fixture designed
to marry optics and performance features
with what the company claims is the smallest
aperture on the market for metal halide lamp
sources. Designed around a T-4 ceramic metal
halide lamp source, NanoLumens 2.5-inch
aperture fuses with interiors ceiling planes to
allow precise, yet flexible, point source lighting.
www.usaillumination.com
USAI | Reader Service No. 19
Smart Toilet
Booth # 1601
Caromas Invisi Series II
toilet suites are designed
to maximize floor space by
making smaller bath-
rooms more roomy and
luxurious. According to the
company, all Invisi Series II
toilets flush with less water
without impacting perfor-
mance using the companys award-winning
Smartflush technology. The half flush uses 0.8
gallons-per-flush (gpf ) for liquids, and the full
flush uses 1.28 gpf for solids for an average
volume of 0.9 gpf. www.caromausa.com
Caroma | Reader Service No. 20
Hurricane-Resistant Windows
The newly introduced Kalwall E-Series Win-
dows, which allow integration of clear vision
glass with translucent panels in the unitized
curtainwall system, are certified to TAS 201,
202, and 203 as well as ASTM E1886 and
E1996 in fixed and project-out sash models.
The product is designed to offer glare-free,
controlled daylighting and high insulating
values, plus clear vision to the outside. The
clear glazing is 5 feet wide and can be as
much as 3 feet high. During the manufactur-
ing process, Kalwall panels can be infilled with
various densities of translucent insulation.
www.kalwall.com
Kalwall | Reader Service No. 14
Lighting Offers
Personalized Ambiance
The latest generation of Philips LivingColors
allows consumers to instantly change the dcor
and personalize the ambiance of their home by
painting the room with light.Using energy-effi-
cient light emitting diode (LED) technology, the
LivingColors lighting fixture puts a number of
color options at each users fingertips, offering
an array of choices to alter the atmosphere of a
room and express personal style. According to
the company, LivingColors produces 50 percent
more light and offers more than 16 million dif-
ferent color options. www.lighting.philips.com
Philips | Reader Service No. 15
Biodegradable Nonwoven
Mulch
Duflot Industrie, a manufacturer of non-
woven products, has developed a 100
percent natural nonwoven mulch adapted
for ground use. According to the company,
the mulch comprised of FLAX and PLA is
designed to replace plastic mulching film,
which can result in more soil residue and a
risk to farming and ecology. The mulch is
designed for 24-month stability (more or less
depending on the local weather) before be-
ing safely degraded. www.duflot.com
Duflot Industrie | Reader Service No. 16
{Greenbuild Products}
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 16
From concept to completion
Americau hydrotech, luc. | 3O3 East 0hio | Chicago, lL 6O611 | 8OO.811.6125 | www.hydrotechusa.com
2O1O 6ardeu Roof is a registered trademarl of Americau hydrotech, luc.
A greeu roof is about more thau just beiug "greeu", its success a|so depeuds
ou leepiug the bui|diug dry. Americau hydrotech's 6ardeu Roof
Assemb|y
is settiug the staudard by which a|| other greeu roofs
are measured aud our Mouo|ithic Membraue 6125

is the ley. MM6125
was deve|oped specifica||y for

wet euviroumeuts aud is a seam|ess membraue that
is bouded direct|y to the substrate. lt's the perfect
choice for a greeu roof aud the ou|y oue hydrotech
recommeuds for a 6ardeu Roof Assemb|y.
Additioua||y, our Tota| Assemb|y Warrauty
provides owuers with siug|e source respousibi|ity
from the decl up. This is a warrauty that ou|y
Americau hydrotech cau offer, aud peace of miud
that ou|y Americau hydrotech cau provide.
To |earu more about the 6ardeu Roof Assemb|y, p|ease ca||
800.877.6125 or visit us ou|iue at www.hydrotechusa.com.
Experience matters!
American Hydrotechs
Garden Roof Assemblies
have been installed for
the past years on
over structures
covering more than
SF worldwide.
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ed+c NOVEMBER 10 20
2010
EXCELLENCE
IN DESIGN
AWARDS
COMMUN
With a whole-building approach to design, the City of
San Joses Roosevelt Community Center will be a long-
term treasure of the community.
GOLD
T
he 30,000-square-foot
Roosevelt Community
Center is the City of San
Jos, Calif.s first LEED-
NC Gold project and
the winner of ED+Cs Excellence
in Design Award in the Govern-
ment category. At the heart of its
success is its whole-building ap-
proach to sustainable design that
capitalizes on natural and passive
processes and incorporates
them into a bold and functional
design that supports long-term
operational efficiency as well as
environmental responsibility.
Green Design
WATER. The projects multiple
award-winning stormwater man-
ROOSEVELT COMMUNITY CENTER
2010 Government Category Winner
Location: San Jose, Calif.
Completed: March 2009
Size: 30,000 square feet
Financing Mechanism: Grant Public Agency;
Loans Voter-approved public bond;
Procurement process Design-Bid-Build
Award Entry Submitted By: Group 4 Architecture,
Research + Planning, Inc. (www.g4arch.com)
TOP: NORTH (PARK SIDE) ELEVATION, CREDIT CESAR RUBIO. RIGHT: SOUTH (STREET SIDE) ELEVATION, CREDIT CESAR RUBIO.
www.EDCmag.com 21
ITY
agement approach features integrated
and functional art sculptures that
expose the rainwater treatment
process by detaining roof runoff
and filtering it through layers
of rock above ground before
discharging it to bioswales and
the storm drain. Only reclaimed
water is used for irrigating
planted areas, and a networked
central irrigation controller uses
real-time evapotranspiration and
rain information to reduce water
usage. Dual-flush toilets, metered
faucets, low-flow showerheads and
other water-efficient fixtures reduce
potable water consumption more than
34 percent. Lavatory faucet sensors are
powered by photovoltaic cells.
SITING. The buildings orientation promotes
daylighting. The east and west elevations mini-
mize exposure and solar gain.
ENVELOPE. The highly insulated building shell
has high-albedo roofs. Exterior sunshades
protect the buildings south fenestration, while
deep overhangs protect lobby glazing and the
multipurpose rooms northwest exposure.
LIGHTING. Large windows and skylights pro-
vide daylighting and views from 93 percent
of regularly occupied spaces. Photocells,
occupancy sensors and automatic continu-
ous dimming controls maximize lighting
energy savings. Floor plates are shallow to
maximize daylight penetration into the space.
The multipurpose rooms clerestory windows,
continuous light shelf on the south side and
large windows on the north side balance light
throughout the room. Lighting power density
(LPD) for the building is .808 watts per square
foot, about 30 percent more efficient than
California Title 24 2001 energy requirements.
ageme
and f
exp
pr
a
c
re
ra
usa
fauc
other
potable
34 percent
powered by p
SITING. The b
D
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 22
COMMUNITY
GOLD
MATERIALS
Flooring: ECOnights for Sport (Ecosurfaces); Tera-Gem III
IFS Epoxy Resin (Tera Lite); Wood Flooring (Connor
Sports Floor)
Interiors: GlasBac carpet tile (InterfaceFOR); Terra Classic
Tile (Terra Green Ceramics)
Paints/Coatings/Wallcoverings: Sikafloor WP-14
Reduced VOC 1-Coat Polyurethane (Sika Corporation);
Lithochrome Chemstain Classic (Scofield); Permasheen
Paint (Dunn-Edwards); Permashell Paint (Dunn-Edwards);
Ultra-Grip Primer (Dunn-Edwards); Tera-Gem III IFS
Epoxy Resin (Tera Lite)
Ceilings: White Fir (Collins Pine and 9Wood Inc.); Frost
Acoustical Ceiling Panels (USG Corporation)
Wood: SLC-5 Door (Algoma Hardwoods Inc.); Plywood
Channel Lumber / Roseburg Forest Products; Glulam
Beams (Standard Structures Inc.)
Insulation: FSK-25 Faced Batt Insulation (CertainTeed)
Roofing: Steel Roofing Panels (AEP Span); EnergyGuard
Polyiso Roofing Material and GAFGLAS EnergyCap BUR
Mineral Surfaced Cap Sheet (GAF)
Building Envelope: Fabricated Steel (Ace Iron Inc.); Concrete
Mix (Cemex); Steel Wall Panels (Centria); Metal Studs
(Dietrich); Aluminum Window Frames (Kawneer); Gypsum
Board (Pabco); HM Door Frames (Steelcraft); Solarban
60 (PPG) Thermalsun Glass; Interior Aluminum Door
Frames(Western Integrated)
HVAC Systems and Appliances: Thermally-Powered
VAV Diffuser (Accutherm Therma-Fuser Systems);
Water Cooled Chiller (Carrier); Cooling Tower (Evapco);
Louvered Penthouse (Greenheck); Hi Delta Boiler
(Raypak); T-Series Air Handler (Trane)
Lighting: Grafik Eye Controller, Ecosystem Digitally
Networked Ballasts, XPS Low-Voltage Relay
Control (Lutron).
Interior Lighting SeLux M60 (SeLux); (Winona
Lighting); Centris (Ledalite); (Elliptipar); (Prescolite)
Exterior Lighting Full Cutoff, Night Sky Compliant:
Gardco LPS (Gardco); NeoSphere (Kim Lighting); G2
Xtend (Hydrel)
Plumbing Fixtures: Water Heater (A.O. Smith); Sensor
Faucet (Elkay); High-Efficiency Water Softener (Kinetico);
Low-Flow Shower Head (Oxygenics); Dual Flush Flush
Valve (Sloan); Solis Solar-Powered Sensor-Operated
Faucet (Sloan)
Other: Toilet Accessories (American Specialties); Pervious
Landscape Paving (Cemex); Concrete Masonry Units
(Basalite); Sierra Series Toilet Partitions (Bobrick); Rubber
Base (Burke Mercer); Moduflex Model 810 Steel Operable
Partitions (Panelfold)
CERTIFICATIONS
AND AWARDS
LEED Gold certified
Project of the Year from
American Public Works
Association
Award of Excellence from
California Parks &
Recreation Society
Site Design Award from
Santa Clara Valley
Urban Runoff Pollution
Prevention Program
Green Project of the
Year from Silico
GreenbuiId Booth #644
1.877.713.1899 www.dinohex.com
DINOFLEX GROUP LP
SCS-FS-02144
THE
Pathway
TO
SustainabiIity
www.EDCmag.com 23
Kalwall Corporation, PO Box 237, Manchester, NH 03105
kalwall.com
800-258-9777 (N. America)
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There is no better way to daylight a space.
Since 1955, Kalwall has brought the light of day
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daylightmodeling.com
Validate the impact of your daylighting plan
with a highly accurate simulation.
Translucent Wall Systems Unitized Curtainwall Systems
Window Replacement Systems Standard Unit Skylights
Pre-engineered Self-Supporting Skylights Custom Skyroofs
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performance.
Follow us on facebook.com/Kalwall
ENERGY. The HVAC system includes recirculating air handlers with
chilled water coils fed by a cooling tower and screw chiller. VAV
boxes with hot-water heating are fed by natural gas condensing
boilers that are 93 percent efficient. All HVAC fans and pumps are
controlled by VFDs for added efficiency.
Because of the advanced daylighting design, highly efficient en-
velope, HVAC and lighting systems, the building performs 43 percent
better than Title 24 baseline requirements and 50 percent better
than ASHRAE 90.1-1999 baseline by actual energy costs, earning the
project 9 out of 10 LEED energy credits.
STORMWATER PUBLIC ART AT NORTH (PARK SIDE) ENTRANCE, CREDIT CESAR RUBIO.
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 24
COMMUNITY
GOLD
LOBBY, CREDIT CESAR RUBIO.
MULTIPURPOSE ROOM, CREDIT CESAR RUBIO.
Annual Purchased Energy Use (based on
simulation):
79 kBTU/sq.ft (891 MJ/sq.m), 32.1 percent below
reference on pure cost baseline
Annual Carbon Footprint (predicted):
14 lbs CO
2
/sq.ft (69 kg CO
2
/sq.m), 32.0 percent
below reference
Produced in conjunction with
the opening of the new
Roosevelt Community Center
in San Jos, this video celebrates
the sustainable aspects of the new facility:
http://www.g4arch.com/projects/roosvideo.aspx
Visit www.EDCmag.com/podcast
for an interview with the
project team.
www.EDCmag.com 25
CONGRATULATIONS TO THE
KEY PLAYERS
Design Team: Group 4 Architecture Research +
Planning
General Contractor: West Coast Contractors
Owned and occupied by: The City of San Jose
(local government)
Subconsultant Team
Recreation programming: The Sports
Management Group
Landscape: Gates & Associates
Food service: Marshall Associates Inc.
Geotech: URS Corporation
Civil: BKF Engineers
Structural: Rutherford & Chekene
Mechanical: Integral Group (formerly Rumsey
Engineers)
Electrical and Lighting Design: OMahony & Myer
Telecom: Smith, Fause & McDonald Inc.
Cost estimating: Davis Langdon
Hardware: Door + Hardware Company
Spec: John Raeber, FAIA, FCSI
Signage: Donnelly Design
Sustainability: Greenworks
Commissioning Agents: Integral Group (formerly
Rumsey Engineers) and WSP Flack + Kurtz
Sustainable
Operations
The new community center is
designed for highly efficient
staffing and maintenance.
Program elements with similar
peak-use times are grouped so
that areas can be closed during
off-peak times; as a result of
this zoning (as well as a single
central staff desk), the new
center supports streamlined
staffing. Durable materials resist
vandalism and wear, and can
be cleaned easily with environ-
mentally friendly products.
Community
Sustainability
The new center is the result
of tremendous community
support and participation.
It is a focal point for civic,
cultural, social, educational
and recreational activities in
the community, drawing large
numbers of people through-
out the day and evening.
Local police statistics show a
dramatic reduction in crime in
Roosevelt Park since it opened.
Information submitted by Group 4
Architecture, Research + Planning,
Inc. Visit www.g4arch.com. Images
by Cesar Rubio.
SOUTH (STREET SIDE)
ELEVATION, CREDIT
CESAR RUBIO.
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 26
COMMUNITY
GOLD
KEIZER CITY HALL, POLICE & COMMUNITY CENTER
Submitted by: Group Mackenzie (www.groupmackenzie.com)
Size: 68,443 square feet (building) 395,414 square feet (total site)
Location: Keizer, Ore.
Consolidating numerous City of Keizer services, this new facility inspires civic
pride and serves as an anchor for its citizens by demonstrating sustainable
green practices for all generations to appreciate. The project site planning
and design took into consideration the preservation of the existing Heritage
Center, a historic building housing the public library and community meeting
space located on the northeast corner of the 10-acre site.
JPL FLIGHT PROJECTS CENTER
Submitted by: LPA Inc. (www.lpainc.com)
Location: Pasadena, Calif.
As the first LEED-rated building on campus, the Flight Projects Center at
NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) is the greenest facility in the NASA
family. The LEED Gold 195,000-square-foot, six-story building was conceived
on a constrained site and had strict budgetary and schedule targets. Despite
the obstacles, the project was still able to exceed its LEED silver mandate.
See ED+Cs November 2010 Web Exclusive Editorial for more information.
ED+CS 2010 EXCELLENCE IN DESIGN AWARD FINALISTS
GOVERNMENT CATEGORY
PHOTO CREDIT: GARY WILSON PHOTO
1st
PHOTO CREDIT: LPA INC.
2nd
www.EDCmag.com 27
Today's buildings demand reliable, robust, high
thermal performance building envelopes that
provide maximum energy-efficiency, prevent heat
loss and eliminate thermal bridging, all of which,
NUDURA Insulated Concrete Forms can deliver. These
performance criteria are key factors in minimizing
energy costs, while maximizing property value for
building owners.
The NUDURA name and logo are trademarks of NUDURA Corporation.
Visit Nudura.com for more details
TM
The solution to green
building doesnt have
to be this difficult.
4th
BLUE EARTH COUNTY JUSTICE CENTER
Submitted by: Paulsen Architects (www.paulsenarchitects.com)
Location: Mankato, Minn.
The new Blue Earth County Justice Center was built following a growing need
for jail space, court security and a more streamlined criminal justice system.
As a leader in the development of programs that preserve and protect our
environmental resources, it was important to incorporate green building initiatives
within the facilitys design. The Blue Earth County Justice Center is awaiting LEED
Gold certification.
PHOTO CREDIT: DEAN RIGGOTT PHOTOGRAPHY
RESEARCH AND INTERPRETIVE CENTER - GRAND BAY NERR
Submitted by: Lord, Aeck & Sargent (design architect); Studio South Architects,
PLLC (architect of record) (www.lordaecksargent.com)
Location: Moss Point, Miss.
The Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve (NERR) Coastal Resources
Center was designed to provide a model of sustainable design for the
Mississippi Gulf Coast. This new facility represents a rare partnership between
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the Mississippi
Department of Marine Resources and the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.
PHOTO CREDIT: JONATHAN HILLYER
3rd
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 28
COMMUNITY
GOLD
(Project Name and Submitted By)
Appaloosa Branch Library
City of Scottsdale, Ariz.
PPG Industries
DuSable Harbor Building
David Woodhouse Architects
North Vancouver City Library
Diamond and Schmitt Architects
Silver Lake Branch Library
M2A Milofsky Michali & Cox Architects
Tommy Douglas, Burnaby Public Library
Diamond and Schmitt Architects
Previous winners can be found online
at www.EDCmag.com.
2011 WINNERS OF THE
EXCELLENCE IN DESIGN AWARDS
WILL GET:
A full editorial spread in ED+C magazine detailing the
project with a possible cover opportunity;
Promotion of the project in print, digital magazine
and online across various sites;
A recycled-content glass trophy;
A certicate of achievement;

Project recognition as part of a display at ED+Cs
Greenbuild booth; and

More!
SPONSORSHIP OPPORTUNITIES ARE AVAILABLE!
Email Diana Brown: brownd@bnpmedia.com
2011
Visit eid.EDCmag.com for more details or
to apply online now. Open to projects
completed in the 2010 calendar year.
Submissions are due February 15th, 2011.
2010 Early Bird Pricing: $50 per entry ($75 after Dec. 31, 2010)
EXCELLENCE
IN DESIGN
AWARDS
Honorable
MENTIONS
Government
Category
1
2
3
4
5
2010 EXCELLENCE IN DESIGN AWARDS
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ed+c NOVEMBER 10 30
S
ituated on the
outskirts of the
Capital Beltway
adjacent to
the Accotink
Creek stands
the National
Geospatial-
Intelligence Agencys (NGA)
new 2,400,000-square-foot
campus known as New Campus
East, which has not only been
designed to empower its work-
force but also to enhance the
agencys capabilities as one of
the leading intelligence organi-
zations in the world.
Managed by the U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers (USACE),
the project is located on ap-
proximately 130 acres of the
Engineering Proving Grounds
at Fort Belvoir, Va., mandated
as part of the Base Realignment
and Closure Act (BRAC). RTKL
Associates Inc. and KlingStub-
bins formed a joint venture
to provide design services,
including master planning and
full architecture, engineering,
interiors, site, civil and land-
scape design to consolidate
8,500 employees. At the time of
its inception, NGAs New Cam-
pus East was the largest project
in the country utilizing building
information modeling (BIM),
and, to date, it remains one of
the largest ever attempted. It
involved more than 20 Revit
model files and more than
150 team members from four
geographically distinct offices
of the two firms.
NGAs eastern facilities are
currently dispersed throughout
six sites in the Washington,
D.C., area. By consolidating its
By Jonathan Weiss, AIA, LEED AP, and Robert Khurana, AIA, LEED AP
Using LEED techniques and BIM, a
new state-of-the-art intelligence
facility empowers its workforce.
U i LEED h i d BIM
Intelligent Design
www.EDCmag.com 31
facilities at one centralized,
state-of-the-art campus, NGAs
New Campus East will foster a
unified culture and enable op-
erational support and collabora-
tion among its employees and
other Intelligence Community
(IC) components while reducing
facility operation and main-
tenance costs. The project is
anchored by a main administra-
tive/office building that houses
operations facilities, conference
and training functions, audito-
rium, multiple food service ven-
ues, fitness center, and a library.
The campus houses secure and
redundant services for multiple
buildings and support facili-
ties including: a visitor control
center, remote delivery facility,
technology center, central util-
ity plant and structured parking
for 5,100 cars.
New Campus East is being
constructed in multiple phases
and is in the midst of the LEED
certification process col-
lecting and finalizing construc-
tion review documentation.
Certification with the U.S. Green
Building Council (USGBC) was
undertaken to bring third-party
validation to the teams ambi-
tious environmental goals. New
Campus East is currently the
largest U.S. Federal Government
LEED-NC project registered with
the USGBC and is tracking for
Silver certification.
Means of Conservation
The primary efforts toward
sustainability have focused
on three main areas: trans-
portation, water and energy.
Together, they will effectively
reduce the carbon footprint of
AERIAL VIEW OF THE PROJECT DURING CONSTRUCTION. PHOTO BY MARC BARNES, U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 32
ORGANIZED AROUND A CENTRAL ATRIUM, THE MAIN ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDING WILL HAVE LIGHT-
FILLED AMENITIES TYING TOGETHER THE WHOLE COMMUNITY.
CREDIT: RTKL | KLINGSTUBBINS, A JOINT VENTURE
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Intelligent Design
www.EDCmag.com 33
I specify these
doors for superior
performance and
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Custom fabricated to match any
architecture, Special-Lite
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require less maintenance and
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the facility significantly over a
business as usual base case.
In each area, the individual
strategies have been tested
against strict owner require-
ments, budgetary requirements
and military base requirements.
Through the design and con-
struction phases, the project
team has coordinated and
maintained these goals while
meeting the rigors of multiple
review and oversight processes,
including National Capital Plan-
ning Commission review and
approval. The current progress
toward LEED certification is
a testament to a successful
integrated team approach to
incorporating sustainability.
To reduce the impact of the
project on the local environ-
ment, the project set an ag-
gressive target of 33 percent
reduction in automobile use, a
40 percent reduction in water
use and a 30 percent reduction
ETFE ROOF STRUCTURE UNDER CONSTRUCTION. THE ETFE SYSTEM IS LIGHTWEIGHT, HAS LOW MANUFACTURING IMPACT, AND IS RECYCLABLE AT THE
END OF ITS SERVICE LIFE. BECAUSE OF ITS REDUCED SYSTEM WEIGHT, SIGNIFICANT REDUCTIONS IN STEEL STRUCTURE SIZING COULD BE REALIZED WHILE
MAINTAINING PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS. CREDIT: BY MARC BARNES, U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 34
To learn more, call 1-800-231-7788
or visit www.tateaccessoors.com.
Sometimes, its okay
for sustainability to
be beneath you.
Take a stand on
green-build with
Tate underoor
service distribution
systems (UFSD).
With Tates UFSD, its the things you dont see that make the
difference. The beauty of this system is in what happens below
the surface. A combination of modular wiring, cabling and air
delivery systems offers savings in materials and energy efciency,
while also improving air quality and comfort. In fact, its a system
so full of green-build attributes, you never really walk on it, you
make a stand.

NEW CAMPUS EAST

Location: Fort Belvoir, Va.
Size: 2,400,000 square feet
Cost: Approximately $2.4 billion
Scheduled Completion Date:
Sept. 11, 2011
Certification: Tracking for LEED Silver
Key Team Members
Design and Construction Agent: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,
Baltimore District
End-User: National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
Landlord: U.S. Army Garrison Fort Belvoir
Architect/Engineer: RTKL | KlingStubbins, A Joint Venture
Construction Manager: Clark/Balfour Beatty - NCE, A Joint Venture
Construction ManagerRemote Inspection Facility: IKBI Inc.
Commissioning Consultant to USACE:
EMC Engineers Inc.
Base Operation Services Provider: Parsons Infrastructure & Technology
Group Inc.
Products and Materials
Recycled Content Materials: steel, concrete (flyash), GWB (National
Gypsum), ceilings (Armstrong, USG)
Regional Materials: steel, concrete, precast concrete panels, GWB, ceilings
Flooring Materials: terrazzo flooring (Terroxy resin); carpet (Shaw,
Constantine, Patcraft, Bentley); resilient flooring (Forbo Linoleum,
Ecosurfaces, Roppe Rubber Flooring, Armstrong)
Paints and Coatings: Sherwin Williams, Duron
Exterior Envelope: Exterior curtain walls (Enclos Corp.); exterior glazing
(Viracon); ETFE atrium roofing (Vector Foiltec); precast concrete (Arban &
Carosi); perimeter shades (Hunter Douglas/Lutron controllers)
Chilled Beams: Active chilled beams (TROX USA)
Plumbing Fixtures: Toilets (Kohler); urinal flush valves (Sloan ECOS
Electronic Dual Flush; lavatory (Sloan G2); showerhead (Hamilton)
Environmentally Certified Materials: Haworth Premise workstations
(GREENGUARD certified); Haworth Zody task chair (MBDC Cradle to
Cradle Gold); Shaw carpet (MBDC Cradle to Cradle Certified); Rulon
acoustic wood panels (FSC Certified); interior wood millwork, interior
wood doors (FSC certified, NAUF certified)
Intelligent Design
in energy use. Shuttles to local Metrorail and regional commuter rail
systems are included, as are preferred parking for registered carpools
and fuel efficient vehicles. The strategies employed should remove
nearly 3,500 cars from the roads every day.
Water-Conservation Strategies
Sensitive landscape design, including drought-tolerant species and
use of an efficient rainwater collection and reuse system, will save
2.5 million gallons of water per month at peak, and indoor plumbing
fixtures will save more than 8 million gallons of water per year a
nearly 45 percent reduction.
The design also incorporates a stormwater management solution
that collects surface rainwater in a detention pond, treats it and re-
uses it for 100 percent of irrigation needs; the balance of the stored
stormwater is used for cooling tower makeup water and emergency
sprinkler water for this facility. A 28,000-square-foot green roof
minimizes the visual impact of the Central Utility Plant and helps
with stormwater management. Use of these systems saved first
costs for storm sewer infrastructure as well as water use for the life
of the building.
www.EDCmag.com 35
THE ETHYLENE TETRAFLUOROETHYLENE (ETFE) ROOF UNDER CONSTRUCTION. ALTHOUGH IT APPEARS CLEAR, THE CUSTOM SILKSCREEN PATTERN AND AIR-FILLED SYSTEM PROVIDES SIGNIFICANT DAYLIGHT
WHILE MINIMIZING SOLAR GAIN. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD) ANALYSIS DURING DESIGN OPTIMIZED THE PERFORMANCE VALUES REQUIRED OF THE ROOFING TO MAINTAIN DAYLIGHT AS WELL AS
VISUAL AND THERMAL COMFORT INSIDE THE ATRIUM. PHOTO BY MARC BARNES, U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 36
Energy-Conservation Strategies
Energy savings were achieved through a
series of integrated approaches. Efficient
lighting and exterior envelope contribute, as
does the building configuration that uses a
high-performance ETFE (ethylene tetrafluo-
roethylene) roof over the central atrium to
maximize daylight and minimize solar gain.
Active chilled beams provide cooling
throughout the office environment, and
coupled with the highly efficient central
plant components, contribute to a design
that is modeling close to 45 percent of en-
ergy use reduction in the office spaces.
Just as the chilled beams reduce the
size of the air-side systems, use of higher
temperature chilled water for the projects
sizable data center reduces the chiller plant
energy usage. Overall, the energy savings for
the project is equivalent to powering more
than 12,000 homes.
Cultural Shift
A primary objective of New Campus East is
to reinforce and enhance NGAs operational
goal to achieve a unifying, cultural transfor-
mation. This effort is expressed in the final
building design, informed by a thoughtful,
integrated design approach to sustainability
in all aspects of the project design process,
from furniture that is Cradle to Cradle Gold
certified, to extensive commissioning of all
systems and a comprehensive green house-
keeping plan.
It is a testament to the strong leadership
towards sustainability that the National
Geospatial-Intelligence Agency and the U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers provided to lead
this complex and technical project to a suc-
cessful conclusion.
JONATHAN WEISS, AIA, LEED AP, IS DIRECTOR OF SUSTAINABILITY
FOR KLINGSTUBBINS. WEISS IS RESPONSIBLE FOR COORDINATING
ALL SUSTAINABLE DESIGN INITIATIVES FIRM-WIDE. HE IS A FOUND-
ING MEMBER OF THE FIRMS HIGH PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDING
COMMITTEE AND SERVED AS THE PRIMARY LEED COORDINATOR FOR
THE NEW CAMPUS EAST PROJECT. HE CAN BE REACHED AT JWEISS@
KLINGSTUBBINS.COM.
ROBERT KHURANA, AIA, LEED AP, IS PROJECT MANAGER FOR KLING-
STUBBINS. HE HAS BEEN WITH THE FIRM FOR 12 YEARS, AND HE
HAS SERVED IN NUMEROUS DESIGN AND MANAGEMENT CAPACITIES.
KHURANA IS PROJECT MANAGER FOR NEW CAMPUS EASTS CENTRAL
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ed+c NOVEMBER 10 38
As one of the first courthouses to
strive for LEED Silver certification,
the new Franklin County Court-
house aims to be the embodiment
of the American justice system for
the citizens of Franklin County.
Located in the historic River
South District of Columbus, Ohio,
the new 350,000-square-foot facility
will replace the current 1970s-built
county courthouse. Franklin County
sought to provide a healthy, produc-
tive and respectful work setting for
employees and jurors. To that end,
sustainable objectives were identi-
fied from the outset of the project
and incorporated into the sharp-
angled, contemporary design.
The project team recognized
early in the project that the keys
to attaining LEED certification
were planning and collaboration,
said Stephen Metz, principal at
Shelley Metz Baumann Hawk. To
pursue and achieve LEED Silver
certification, every team member
needed to know from project
onset what the owner was trying
to achieve. Design decisions
relating to sustainability and LEED
were made after considering cost,
function, aesthetic (if applicable)
and the owners desires.
Seven-stories of glass walls and
grand corridors offer spectacular
views as well as many specific chal-
lenges for the structural design.
Glass on the south, west and east
exterior walls directed column
location, and the aesthetic of the
building dictated that the columns
align with the vertical mullions of
the curtain wall system. This wall
system also dictated that the later-
al load-resisting system be located
in the interior of the building.
As both an aesthetic and sus-
tainable design element, the team
focused on admitting as much
daylight as possible into the court-
rooms. An outside public corridor
with floor-to-ceiling windows is lo-
cated directly outside these court-
rooms, so the team used clerestory
windows along the south wall to
maximize daylight. The windows,
however, presented a challenge
as the braces needed to go from
floor to floor. The solution was to
break up the windows to allow the
bracing to pass through, requiring
close coordination between the
members of the design team.
Working with a fast-track
construction schedule, the
project team encountered
some challenges with the
availability of materials. How-
ever, a collaborative approach
between the local architect
(DesignGroup), construction
manager (Gilbane Inc.) and
structural engineer of record
(Shelley Metz Baumann and
Hawk Inc.), allowed for the or-
dering of steel much earlier in
the design process than typical
for a publicly bid project of this
magnitude. The result is $8-10
million in savings on the overall
project cost (estimated at $105
million), as well as a year off
the construction schedule.
This project has been a great
opportunity to see a good process
work well with regard to sustain-
able design, commented Metz. It
is very gratifying to be involved in
a project that will have a positive
impact on the environment and
the community into the future.
Scheduled for completion in
late 2010, the new courthouse
will lead by example, utilizing
high-performing, sustainable
building materials that will save
the county significant energy
costs and minimize various forms
of pollution.
AMY NUMBERS IS COMMUNICATIONS AND ROI
SPECIALIST AT CONSTRUCTIVE COMMUNICATION
INC., A MARKETING AND PUBLIC RELATIONS FIRM
SERVING THE A/E/C AND OTHER TECHNICAL IN-
DUSTRIES. SHE CAN BE REACHED AT ANUMBERS@
CONSTRUCTIVECOMMUNICATION.COM.
Sustainability is in Session
COLLABORATION PRESIDES OVER THE PROJECT TEAM OF FRANKLIN COUNTYS LEED SILVER COURTHOUSE.
By Amy Numbers
STUDIO
THE OWNERS EARLY DECISION TO GO WITH A SUSTAINABLE BUILDING AIDED THE PROJECT TEAM IN
IDENTIFYING KEYS TO ATTAINING LEED CERTIFICATION ON THE NEW FRANKLIN COUNTY COURTHOUSE.
FRANKLIN COUNTY
COURTHOUSE
Project Size: 350,000 square feet
Owner: Franklin County
Contractor: Gilbane Inc.
Architect: Design Group,
Architectonica, Ricci Greene
MEP Engineer: Heapy Engineering
LEED Consultant: Heapy
Engineering
Structural Engineer: Shelley Metz
Baumann Hawk Inc.
Completion Date: 2010
Total Project Value: $105 million
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ed+c NOVEMBER 10 40
CASE
STUDY
Lighting up the Army
U.S. ARMY TAKES ADVANTAGE OF THE LATEST ENERGY-SAVING TECHNOLOGY.
By David Sykes
The Greenlief Armed Forces Reserve Center (AFRC) in
Hastings, Neb., has been designed and built to take
advantage of all the latest developments in daylighting
and energy-saving technology to illustrate the U.S. Armys
new Green Building Strategy. The recently completed
military center not only provides the troops with the very
best interior natural lighting, but it also helps reduce
running costs. To do this in an energy-efficient manner in
accordance with the U.S. Armys new strategy, the insula-
tion was improved by finding a way to introduce Nanogel
aerogel within the glazing.
Completed last year, the 59,000-square-foot center
provides assembly halls, classrooms and repair bays for
the local National Guard and Army Reserve. Architect RDG
Planning & Design was asked to draft a modern facility
with as much natural light as possible. To achieve this,
the firm designed the building to include extensive areas
GREENLIEF AFRC
Location: Hastings, Neb.
Completion Date: 2009
Owner: U.S. Army
Additional Project Team Members:
Architect: RDG Planning & Design www.rdgusa.com
Architecture Principal: Joe Lang
Project Manager: David Streebin
Structural Engineer: Abby Goranson, Performance Engineering
Landscape Architect: Dolores Silkworth, RDG Planning & Design
Civil Engineer: Kent Cordes, Miller & Associates
MEP Engineers: Joe Hazel and Robert Hotovy, Farris Engineering
Green Products Used:
Geothermal water-source heat pump system
InterfaceFLOR carpet tiles
Kalwall insulated translucent fiberglass sandwich
panels with Nanogel Aerogel
Low-VOC paint
Marmoleum resilient linoleum sheet flooring
Occupancy sensors
Reduced-flow faucets and water fixtures
Tankless gas-fired hot water heaters
Tectum sound absorbing panels
Temperature controls and energy management system
White TPO roof membrane with high reflectance
THE GREENLIEF AFRC FEATURES SOME OF THE LATEST DAYLIGHTING TECHNOLOGIES AS EXPRESSED IN THE FACILITYS
SOFT, DIFFUSED LIGHT IN THE INTERIOR. PHOTO CREDIT: RDG PLANNING & DESIGN
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ed+c NOVEMBER 10 42
of glazing for the assembly, main corridors
and repair centers. However, although this
would let in plenty of light, it would also let
in unwanted glare and heat from solar gain.
Additionally, this also created the problem
of effective insulation and saving energy
in temperatures that range from minus 30
degrees in winter to more than 100 degrees
in summer. To help solve this problem, RDG
turned to the Kalwall Corporation.
At the architects request, Kalwalls
engineering team generated a daylighting
model of the proposed building. Taking
into consideration faade orientation, room
height, size and use, several studies helped
define the optimum positioning and size
of the translucent windows and skylights
to meet the Armys daylighting objectives.
Kalwalls composite structure is designed to
diffuse sunlight into museum quality day-
lighting so that shadows, glare and hotspots
are eliminated.
The architects agreed that the insulating
properties of the Kalwall system could be
dramatically improved by introducing Nano-
gel insulation to help combat the extreme
temperatures. Nanogel aerogel, a translucent
form of silica aerogel made by Cabot Corpo-
ration, comprises 95 percent air and is used in
a variety of fenestration systems. When used
in the Kalwall Translucent Wall and Skyroof
systems, it increases the insulation value to
R-20 (U=. 05).
There have been glowing reports for
the projects results. Gene Macapinlac, the
project architect explains, We have had great
feedback from both the soldiers and local
community. They tell us the center is bright,
open and welcoming; providing an excel-
lent space in which to work and train. The
Greenlief AFRC, we believe, represents a new
standard in Training Center design and func-
tion. It supports the U.S. Armys commitment
to reducing energy consumption and to
provide sustainable facilities. The decision to
use Kalwall + Nanogel translucent windows
has reduced their daily use of overhead light-
ing and promises to be a key component in
reducing their year-round HVAC costs.
The U.S. Army is well-known for its innova-
tions in defense technology but not usually
for its innovations in architecture. Using
the Kalwall + Nanogel system in this facility
means the troops get to enjoy all the benefits
which natural daylight brings to their health,
well-being and productivity. At the same
time, the facility is saving money and energy
and, importantly, using materials that are
environmentally friendly and recyclable.
DAVID SYKES IS SENIOR ACCOUNT DIRECTOR FOR THE U.S. DIVISION
OF PRESSENTIAL, THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC RELATIONS FIRM
SPECIALIZING IN ARCHITECTURAL AND BUILDING PRODUCTS AND
ALLIED SERVICES. DAVID IS A FORMER JOURNALIST AND ASSOCIATE
PUBLISHER OF THE SATURDAY EVENING POST MAGAZINE. VISIT
WWW.PRESSENTIAL.COM.
THE GREENLIEF CENTER UTILIZES NANOGEL-FILLED KALWALL DAYLIGHTING PANELS. PHOTO CREDIT: RDG PLANNING & DESIGN
Architectural Aluminum Systems
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ed+c NOVEMBER 10 44
Sustainable architect Bruce Haxton and
ED+C senior editor Michelle Hucal orga-
nized the Net-Zero Energy Building (NZEB)
Expert Roundtable III: Cost Analysis and
Cost Modeling teleconference to investigate
some of the NZEB cost issues uncovered
in the first and second NZEB Roundtable
conferences in 2010. This session is focused
on NZEB costs analysis and cost models for
different building types.
The expert team addressed several ques-
tions: What are the extra costs and potential
savings for NZEB facilities? What new para-
digm is created in designing an NZEB from a
cost-analysis perspective? Do LEED line items
really have a place in NZEB costing or should
we be looking at Energy Saving Parameters
besides LEED parameters? What are the
LEED line item costs and how do they fit into
energy savings, user well-being and savings?
What are the rules of thumb and metrics to
be used in developing NZEB buildings and
campuses? What are the NZEB costs, savings
and performance resources that would help
the design professionals design NZEB build-
ings? What are the building type cost models
for different building types that would help
NZEB professionals in their work? What
would the ED+C readership use to further
investigate cost analysis for NZEBs?
ON THE
RECORD
NZEB: Cost Analysis and Cost Modeling
NET-ZERO ENERGY BUILDINGS EXPERT ROUNDTABLE III
Co-Moderator: Bruce McLean
Haxton, AIA, LEED AP, sustain-
able consulting architect
with more than 30 years
experience. He authored more than
40 articles and research papers and
has spoken at world conferences on
sustainable facilities, laboratories and
science parks. bmhaia@gmail.com
Co-Moderator/Editor: Michelle
Hucal, LEED AP, is senior edi-
tor of ED+C and Sustainable
Facility. She has led numerous
conferences on sustainable design
and is a former board member of the
USGBC. hucalm@bnpmedia.com
John Andary is principal with
Stantec in San Francisco.
Johns team provided sustain-
able design consulting and
MEP engineering on the DOE/NREL RSF,
and Marin Country Day School projects.
Stantecs Vancouver office provided
these services for Dockside Green.
john.andary@stantec.com
Tim Babb, CCC, is senior
project manager with Project
Time & Cost, Inc., an interna-
tional project management
and cost engineering firm. He has
27 years experience in construction
management, cost estimating and
scheduling. tim.babb@ptcinc.com
Jeff Baker is the director of
Laboratory Operations at The
Office of Energy Efficiency
and Renewable Energy, Na-
tional Renewal Energy Laboratory. He
has worked on the DOE/NREL RSF since
1995. jeff.baker@go.doe.gov
Michael Bendewald is an analyst at Rocky
Mountain Institute. His recent focus is
with developing educational
material, providing lifecycle
cost analysis for building retro-
fits, and developing a carbon-
analysis tool. mbendewald@rmi.org
Rick Cantwell, PE, president/
CEO, Odell International, LLC,
Huntersville, N.C., a program
and technology manage-
ment firm. He has more than 30 years
experience in program management
and design-build expertise worldwide.
cantwellr@odell-intl.com
Dimitri Contoyannis, PE,
manages IESs San Francisco
consulting team specializing in
advanced energy and building
performance simulation. He is responsible
for specifying features in IESs VE software
platform. Dimitri.contoyannis@iesve.com
Russ Drinker, AIA, LEED AP,
is the managing principal
of the San Francisco office
for Perkins & Will. He leads
numerous design teams for sustainable
design projects and technology cam-
puses in the USA and internationally.
russ.drinker@perkinswill.com
Andy Fieber, LEED AP BD&C,
is project manager and LEED
specialist for The Boldt Com-
pany with building expertise
in higher education, healthcare and re-
search facilities. He was a project team
member on the Aldo Leopold Center.
andrew.fieber@boldt.com
Joel Krueger is a senior project
manager and a green building
specialist with The Kubala
Washatko Architects in Cedar-
burg, Wis. He was the project manager
for the Aldo Leopold Legacy Center
project. jkrueger@tkwa.com
Tom Kubala is a principal and
the co-founder of The Kubala
Washatko Architects, Inc.,
Cedarburg, Wis. TKWA led the
design team for the Aldo Leopold Legacy
Center in Baraboo, Wis. tkubala@tkwa.com
Zaki Mallasi, PhD, MSc, LEED
BD+C, is an architectural BIM
specialist with Perkins + Will,
primarily working on health-
care and K-12 projects. He is at the front-
end of BIM implementation and R&D in
projects. zaki.mallasi@perkinswill.com
Philip Macey, AIA, LEED AP,
is the director of Energy
and Sustainability and the
design-build project manager
for Haselden Construction. Macey was
formerly at RNL Architects providing
project management on the DOE/NREL
RSF project. philipmacey@haselden.com
Tavis McAuley, LEED AP, is
an intern architect and cost
analyst with Perkins + Will. He
has written a book and several
papers examining in detail the cost im-
plications and advantages of sustainable
design. tavis.mcauley@perkinswill.com
Shanti Pless is a commercial
buildings research engineer at
NREL, Golden, Colo., with a focus
on applied research and design
processes for high-performance commer-
cial buildings. shanti.pless@nrel.gov
Ken Powelson, LEED AP, was
project architect for EHDD
Architects, San Francisco, on
the NZEB Marin Country Day
School. k.powelson@ehdd.com
Jason Pratt, Jason Pratt is a senior subject
matter expert at Autodesk, helping
owners and project teams implement
and use BIM. Jason designed
and built one of the first homes
to earn a five-star rating in the
Austin Energy Green Building
Program. jason.pratt@autodesk.com
Scott Shell is a principal at
EHDD Architecture. EHDD has
completed five net-zero energy
buildings and is beginning
construction on two more: the David and
Lucile Packard Foundations office and
the Exploratorium. scott.shell@ehdd.com
Andy Smith, AIA, is a solu-
tions executive with Bentley
Systems, Inc. Andy assists AEC
firms and building owners to
apply design and simulation software
to improve project delivery processes
and deliver high-performance build-
ings. andy.smith@bentley.com
Paul Torcellini is principal group
manager for Commercial Build-
ings Research at the National
Renewable Energy Laboratory.
He served on the integrated project team
representing the owner for the DOE/
NREL RSF. paul.torcellini@nrel.gov
Gregg Tucek is a project man-
ager for The Boldt Company
with 20 years of building ex-
perience in higher education,
healthcare and research facilities. His
net-zero energy projects include the
LEED Platinum Leopold Legacy Center.
gregg.tucek@boldt.com
Dana Villeneuve is a LEED proj-
ect manager with Architectural
Energy Corp. AEC served as the
sustainable design consultant
for the DOE/NREL RSF, providing LEED,
daylighting, commissioning and M&V
services on the project. dvilleneuve@
archenergy.com
CONFERENCE PARTICIPANTS:
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 46
Russ Drinker from Perkins +
Will, San Francisco, hosted the
teleconference. The teleconfer-
ence focused on architects,
engineers, software consultants,
consultants, contractors, owners
and users. The teams that supplied
the most information for the study
were Perkins + Will Architects,
The Kubala Washatko Architects
Team, EHDD Team and Haselden/
RNL/Stantec/AEC Team for the U.S.
Department of Energys Research
Support Facility (RSF) at the Na-
tional Renewable Energy Labora-
tory (NREL) in Golden, Colo.
Software manufacturers
Autodesk, Bentley Systems and
IES also shared their expertise re-
garding their respective software
systems and the interface with
NZEB cost analysis. NREL, who
has expertise in software systems
because of the renewable energy
efficiency research they perform,
also shared their expertise.
The teleconference was
transcribed and is listed online at
www.EDCmag.com. The conferees
hope that the article, total narrative
online, resource sections, building
type cost models (Cost / Perfor-
mance Data Sheetson the projects
below are available online) and the
article conclusions will help further
work to design future NZEBs.
The following are excerpts from
the teleconference that best illus-
trate important information on NZEB
cost analysis and cost modeling.
Overview
Bruce Haxton (Co-Moderator): I
believe our teleconference team
can develop the cost informa-
tion, not only from both an anal-
ysis perspective and also from a
perspective of building cost and
performance models that profes-
sionals, students and consultants
can use to help design better,
more cost effective NZEBs.
1. The first information will
deal with design features,
design process, energy perfor-
mance and cost analyses using
Whole Building Approach.
2. The second analysis will
focus on LEED line items and
what the NZEB designers have
experienced on their projects.
3. A third analysis is a look at
performance and cost parameters.
4. The end of the article we
address the cost of oil and
other life-cycle cost analysis
in the future and the potential
impact on NZEB facilities. The
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www.EDCmag.com 47
analysis and building models analyzed
include: housing, commercial, school, small
office and large office model.
Whole Building Design Approach / Perfor-
mance Analysis / Cost Analysis / Models
Haxton: With the integration of many
different building systems within the new
NZEBs, it is as difficult to analyze the build-
ings on just a LEED line item basis as it was
two years ago for the July 2008 ED+C ar-
ticle on costing for LEED. The Aldo Leopold
Legacy Center and the U.S. Department of
Energys Research Support Facility (RSF) at
the National Renewable Energy Laboratory
(NREL) buildings have changed peoples
perceptions about whole building design
methodology shifting the focus from
obtaining credits to achieve a LEED rating
to a more focused design methodology on
achieving the new NZEB paradigm. Each
team will describe their design strategies
to shift from the current costs in lighting,
HVAC to energy savings concepts for walls,
roofs and renewable energy systems.
DOE/NREL RSF Team: Philip Macey
(Haselden), Paul Torcellini (NREL), John An-
dary (Stantec), Dan Villeneuve (AEC), Shanti
Pless (NREL)
Macey: We asked John Andary and his
team to do something we had never asked
any engineer to do, start first. We asked
their team to consider the site location, the
general building size, the climate, etc., and
create a rough energy model to see if it was
even possible to get to zero in the Colorado
climate. And Stantec found that with some
reasonable assumptions they could make
it work. They brought that work to our first
charrette and just blew the room away.
They had found a way to hit what we knew
to be a very aggressive energy goal (25
kBTU/SF/Yr), and do it in a way that the
architecture side of the team could see
would work on the site.
Andary: Ive since begun to call this
pre-concept energy consulting, and I think
that in a world of zero-energy buildings,
firms that do what we do are going to be
asked to perform these analyses as due dili-
gence before a project can even get off the
ground in order to determine just what kind
of architectural and engineering design will
be required to meet the stringent energy
goals of the future. I also brought to the
first charrette a rough sketch of a building
section that had most of the major energy
saving ideas that we ended up with on the
project, such as the LightLouver daylight
bouncing device on the south wall, the slab
radiant cooling and heating system, under-
floor ventilation, solar shading, thermally
massive concrete sandwich panel walls, etc.
It is a testament to the collaborative nature
of this design-build team that they let an
engineer make such a bold proposition in
the very first project design meeting.
Macey: We knew from day one that if we
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A very important aspect of this, as seen in the
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complete redesign.
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www.EDCmag.com 49
let energy drive the architecture we could
hit the energy goal by essentially making
the building a daylight and thermal energy
collector. And that was a pivotal moment,
making the energy of the climate the form
driver. The energy model assumed two long,
narrow wings oriented generally east/west
to create a building with a primary southern
exposure, which allowed great daylight-
ing. From there, practically every decision
started from the perspective of linking the
building to the free energy of the climate.
What that entailed was a very integrated
perspective of building design, one in
which building form, orientation, envelope
and interiors all have an important role in
dramatically lowering energy use in support
of heating, cooling, lighting and ventilation.
The overarching idea is that one of the
single largest energy loads in a building is
lighting energy (and when you combine
that load with the cooling energy needed
when the lights overheat the space you
have sometimes up to 60 percent of total
building energy). So, we knew that if we
could cost-effectively integrate daylighting,
without over-lighting or over-heating, we
could dramatically reduce total energy
The other way the building works with the
climate is to create and store energy using a
thermal labyrinth.
Of all the lessons of this project, and
there are quite a few, energy driving
architecture is surely the most important.
What we found was that all design decisions
are interrelated and create a multi-sided
approach to problem solving. For our work
we found that we needed to balance the
output of five separate analyses: daylight-
ing model, thermal model, energy model,
natural ventilation analysis, and all of
these had to balance with the cost model.
The idea is to manage the overall cost
centers to transfer costs from mechanical
and electrical solutions into the building
architecture in order to permanently lower
operating costs by investing in passive
strategies that leverage the free energy of
the climate.
What this turned into was an approach
we call Sustainable Strategies (see illustra-
tion), which is a collection of 12 approaches
to limiting or managing energy use (these
are the choices that your design team
makes with an owner to minimize building
energy use), and then pairing that with the
way that the client team will buy or create
energy, the three symbols on the left.
With all these ideas in play we found that
the section was by far the most important
design tool, as it allowed us to control day-
light, thermal mass and natural ventilation.
Andary: We like to do these cartoon
building sections (see illustration) to relate
how the building is intended to work and
what kind of innovative strategies we are
intending to implement to hit those aggres-
sive energy goals. This is common enough
in the architecture community to represent
passive strategies, but the trick for us is
representing the engineering systems in
the same section to show the integration of
architecture and engineering.
Aldo Leopold Legacy Center Team: Tom
Kubala (TKWA), Joel Krueger (TKWA), Greg
Tucek (Boldt Construction), and Andy Fieber
(Boldt Construction)
Kubala: So often, the true cost to the
environment is left out of a buildings cost
of construction considerations. The Aldo
Leopold Foundation wished to become
responsible for all the costs such a build-
ing imposes on the land. The design teams
carbon-neutral marching orders shaped,
more than any other factor, the approach to
creating the building within real budget-
ary constraints. The construction manager
participated as a full member of the design
team, allowing the free flow of cost feed-
back as the various strategies for achieving
carbon-neutral operation were entertained.
This approach helped to minimize the
negative impact of predetermined design
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SAMPLE ILLUSTRATION COURTESY OF STANTEC.
When discussing the cost of green buildings,
there are additional soft costs that come along
with these super high-performance buildings.
We are kidding ourselves if we think that the
average building owner or developer is going to
spend upwards of $200,000, like we did on the
RSF, for energy modeling and simulation work
on their building unless they see the direct mon-
etary benefit. The monetary benefit is actually
there, but a more in depth analysis is necessary
to prove the value proposition. In other words,
its another cost transfer opportunity. The energy
consulting work actually saves both first- and
long-term costs, and that should be a consider-
ation so every design team has the tools avail-
able to create these kinds of high-performance
buildings. John Andary (Stantec)
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 50
concepts. The overall strategy developed by the team was to have
the building itself do the lions share of reducing its own heating and
cooling loads, thereby minimizing our reliance on more expensive
technical solutions. Dollars were then allowed to flow toward the
building enclosure, the quality of its insulation, windows, shading
performance, etc.
Fieber: The whole building design approach allowed the project
team (owner, architect, engineers and builder) to make value-based
decisions that kept the project cost within the desired budget, i.e.
costs associated with sustainable strategies are incorporated into
overall budget in lieu of becoming a la carte items added to the
overall budget.
Dockside Green, Victoria, British Columbia Mixed Housing / Com-
mercial Project Team: Russ Drinker (Perkins + Will Architects) and Tavis
McAuley (Busby Perkins + Will Architects), and John Andary (Stantec)
McAuley: Our approach to meeting environmental performance
targets involves an integrated design and systems-thinking ap-
proach. An integrated design process seeks to optimize the building
and sites systems with a holistic approach where the whole of the
system is greater than the sum if its parts. For example, it is of ut-
most importance to have the entire client and design team establish
the vision and goals for the project, ensuring that there is buy-in
from the outset of the project. Such a team dynamic will enable
team members to understand synergies between design disciplines
as they arise. More so, this approach seeks to optimize the efficiency
of the systems as a whole rather than to achieve maximum efficiency
of the individual parts. This integration ensures that the project
achieves the clients environmental performance targets within the
economic realities implicit in every successful project.
In 2005, Perkins + Will completed the master plan for the 15-acre
mixed-use Dockside Green development, which includes live/work,
hotel, retail, office and light industrial uses as well as numerous
public amenities. In 2008, Dockside Green Residential Phase I, or
Synergy, was completed and reached LEED Platinum at 63 points
making it the highest-scoring LEED Platinum certified project in the
world. Phases 2 and 3 (Balance and Inspiration) are now complete
and each are on target to achieve LEED Platinum certification as well.
Dockside Green employs an integrated energy system that
includes a biomass gasification plant that converts locally sourced
wood waste into a clean burning gas to produce heat and hot water.
The biomass gasification system, along with selling the extra bio-
mass heat to a neighboring hotel, has rendered the project carbon
neutral on a net-annual basis without the purchase of green power
cer tificates. (A full list of sustainable design measures included in the
Dockside Green project is available online at www.EDCmag.com.)
Andary: Dockside Green is a developer-led project. But, similar to
the other projects, the owner demanded a deep green project that
made financial sense. As I have previously mentioned in this forum,
real change is going to come to the building industry when owners
(institutional, commercial, residential or otherwise) realize that they
only need to empower design and construction professionals to
create these projects, and it will happen. Without such a top-down
approach, I wont say it is impossible, but the integrated process
perfectly described above is likely to disintegrate, which is probably
a death sentence for NZEB projects.
A fascinating aspect of all these projects, Dockside Green included
as the only residential project, is the emphasis placed on reducing
internal loads to meet the NZEB goal. Another important aspect
of the project, to me, is the clever method by which the project
achieved carbon neutrality. The biomass boiler plant creates enough
energy (in the form of hot water) from a renewable source to offset
the annual energy of the site, but this is more hot water than the site
can use. The concept of selling the excess hot water to neighbors is
the kind of triple bottom line business decision that many building/
development owners can capitalize on when the site is too con-
strained for traditional renewables like photovoltaic (PV).
ON THE
RECORD
THE WHOLE BUILDING DESIGN APPROACH ALLOWED THE PROJECT TEAM TO MAKE VALUE BASED
DECISIONS THAT KEPT THE PROJECT COST WITHIN THE DESIRED BUDGET, I.E. COSTS ASSOCIATED
WITH SUSTAINABLE STRATEGIES ARE INCORPORATED INTO OVERALL BUDGET. COURTESY OF TKWA
www.EDCmag.com 51
Marin Country Day School Team: Scott
Shell (EHDD), Ken Powelson (EHDD), and John
Andary (Stantec)
Powelson: The design of the Marin
Country Day School was rooted in the
powerful precedents of the site. The school
has a strong focus on experiential learn-
ing, an integrated curriculum and a strong
connection to the environment and the
world around them. The campus itself had
been built incrementally over many years,
and had developed a language of buildings
intermixed with nature and mediated by
covered exterior circulation. We found that
this language was remarkably adaptable in
creating an energy-efficient design, with
narrow buildings bringing in excellent natu-
ral daylight while creating connections to
nature, and covered exterior walkways pro-
viding the deep overhangs that we needed
on our south and west elevations to protect
our buildings from insolation. The remark-
able thing was that these exterior walkways
reduced the amount of conditioned space,
and provided shading with no premium to
the building.
Our general strategy to achieve net-zero
energy was to drive energy usage down as
low as possible so that the remainder could
be covered by PVs. Originally, we assumed
that the PVs would be located on the roofs
of our new building, but as we investigated
siting we realized that there were sites
with better sun angles located on adjacent
buildings. We then turned our focus to a
campus-wide study of the optimal location
for PVs. It was a useful lesson that the solar
component of a net-zero strategy does not
necessarily need to be tied to the building
form if other more efficient and desirable
locations are available.
LEED Cost Review of NZEBs
The team discussed the entire list of LEED
line items related to the NZEBs. Since most
NZEBs are Platinum LEED facilities, LEED is
an important feature of each building. As
mentioned earlier, the focus on attaining
just a LEED rating has changed in the last
few years. The focus for NZEBs is now on
integrated design concepts, decisions to
save energy and provide renewable energy
systems. The review of LEED line items will
help architects and engineers prepare for
NZEB by knowing what the costs are now
for the new NZEB LEED buildings.
Editors Note: Below are some of the
LEED credit conversations, but not all LEED
line items are included. Some credits are
very site and building specific and should
be addressed on a project-by-project basis.
However, the full list from this discussion is
available online at www.EDCmag.com.
Sustainable Sites
Sustainable Site, Credit 3: Brownfield Rede-
velopment
Fieber: Abatement costs associated with
brownfield sites are wide-ranging, from very
small lead/asbestos abatement projects to
large contaminated soil removal projects.
However, a lot of brownfield sites are located
in highly sought after urban locations, and
owner/developers should use the potential
site remediation costs as a negotiating tool
to reduce the overall cost of the property.
McAuley: The decision to build on a
brownfield site in our experience has little
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SYNERGY BRIDGE. COURTESY BUSBY PERKINS+WILL
ARCHITECTS CO.
We have long practiced integrated design, where
the clients needs and desires and the buildings
modeled energy performance together driving
building form. And yet we are realizing that it is
not enough to expect building performance to
solve our energy problems; we need to work with
our clients to broaden the potential for reducing
our energy footprint in the way that we live in
our buildings. EHDD Architects
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 52
to do with LEED. A developer must consider the cost of remediation
within the project pro forma in determining the financial viability of
a given project. Dockside Green had contamination issues that were
addressed through the development, however these costs were not
considered to be part of the cost of pursuing LEED.
Sustainable Site, Credit 4.3: Alternative Transportation, Low-Emit-
ting & Fuel-Efficient Vehicles
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RETHINK
SUSTAINABILITY.
McAuley: The City of Vancouver recently passed a bylaw that re-
quires 20 percent of parking stalls in condominium buildings to have
Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure. These are required to be
240V 40-amp circuits, and the cost to install these in a new building
is estimated to be between $1,000 and $1,500 per stall.
Sustainable Site, Credit 4.4: Alternative Transportation, Parking
Capacity
McAuley: This is one credit where there is often a financial
incentive to meet the LEED requirements. The cost of underground
parking is highly impacted by the cost of excavation, site dimensions
and resulting efficiency of the parking structure, but often exceeds
$25,000 per stall. If a project can gain approvals to reduce the
number of required parking stalls while still meeting the projected
demands on parking for purchaser/building occupants, it is often
financially attractive to provide less parking. To date, Dockside Green
has been granted a 29 percent reduction in the number of parking
stalls required by local bylaw. So, you can see how that adds up very
quickly. Its hard to really argue that the savings would be $25,000
times each stall saved, but theres certainly a net savings for many
projects targeting this credit.
Sustainable Site, Credit 6.1: Stormwater Design, Quantity Control
McAuley: As mentioned in the project brief, Dockside Green was
designed around the principle of minimizing reliance on municipal
potable water, and connection to sanitary and storm sewer services.
This required a comprehensive site-wide water management system
that balances water supply (rain) with water use and water treatment.
Effectively, all rainwater that falls on the site is treated as a
resource to provide irrigation, water for sewage conveyance, and
to replenish the waterway and pond features of the site. Overall,
the project is modeled to achieve a 65 percent reduction in potable
water use over baseline and to treat 100 percent of rainwater and
blackwater on site within the wastewater treatment facility. This sys-
tem impacts several credits, including SSc6.2 and all Water Efficiency
Credits, and goes well beyond the credit requirements in most cases.
Given the tailored approach to this system, it is very difficult to
provide a break-out cost relative to conventional municipally pro-
vided system which is effectively externalized and paid for through
property taxes. The key to implementing a system of this scale and
complexity is to open up a dialogue with all stakeholders, the water/
sewer utility provider and potentially third-party operators and
see what synergies can be achieved. In the case of Dockside Green
the wastewater treatment facility is treating municipal sewage to
supplement the sewage generated onsite until full build out. This
actually provides a revenue source to the project.
Sustainable Site, Credit 6.2: Stormwater Design, Quality Control
Tucek: I guess one of the cool features of the Leopold Center and
how it separated the public space onsite from the off the beaten
path area where the geothermal well field was located, was a
feature called the aqueduct. And so half of that cost we put toward
just the architectural feature. The other half ($35,000), we put in here
as a cost for this credit. So, its approximately $35,000. And that rain
garden was about 4,600 square feet.
Sustainable Site, Credit 7.2: Heat Island Effect, Roof
Babb (PC&T): Theres probably a fair amount of historical data
out there on green roofs and these vegetated roofs. I think that the
design community has gotten very efficient in being able to provide
a structure and the necessary base material to provide a vegetated
roof. I think in general, the cost of green roofs will be coming down
as they become more prevalent. We did some work in Washington,
D.C., and the square-foot cost per the roof area itself, not the build-
ing square footage, was anywhere from $8 to $16 a square foot
depending on what you designed.
McAuley: One interesting aspect of the green roof on Dockside
Green was that the developer actually sold roof garden plots to off-
MARIN COUNTY DAY SCHOOL, PHOTO COPYRIGHT JOSH PARTEE 2010.
www.EDCmag.com 53
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set the additional cost of providing a green
roof while providing an amenity to building
occupants. I understand that these were
sold very quickly in a city where gardening
is taken very seriously. So, I think there are
some good marketing opportunities with
green roofs that maybe should be account-
ed for in the above capital cost analysis.
Andary: I generally steer clients away
from green roofs in favor of photovoltaics
or solar thermal panels. As much as I like
green roofs for the function they provide
to a projects heat island or stormwater
goals, I think that the greater problem for
design professionals to solve has to do with
carbon and climate change in the form of
low energy and NZEB buildings. Practically
speaking, this requires the incorporation
of roof-mounted renewables, especially
considering that we want those PV panels
to be providing power for a long time. As
such, site-mounted panels are less appro-
priate than building-mounted panels since
that site is inevitably going to have a higher
future value when developed for a building.
The likely result is that those site mounted
PV panels will then be removed sometime
in the future.
Water Efficiency
Water Efficiency, Credit 2: Innovative Waste-
water Technologies
Villeneuve: As Philip Macey and Tim
Babb were saying, prices are coming down.
The marketplace is really responding and
transforming, which I believe is one of the
greatest impacts that LEED has had on the
industry. Manufacturers are responding to
the increased demand for greater efficiency,
and are beginning to push the envelope
more and more with their products designs.
Achieving WE Credit 2 has been a little more
of a challenge for some projects, often due
to an aversion to installing waterless urinals
or to taking what may be perceived as a
risk by going a step further composting
toilets for example.
John Andary (Stantec): The Marin
Country Day School, which is a relatively
small project at about 40,000 square feet,
has a significant rainwater storage system
utilizing a 15,000-gallon underground stor-
age tank as previously noted. The tank is
used for toilet flushing in the winter months
when there is rainfall in Northern California,
and then is used for cool water storage in
the summer when it doesnt rain. The cool
water is produced by a cooling tower only
at night (no compressors) and circulated
through a radiant slab cooling system the
following day.
McAuley: Dockside Green was designed
around the principle of minimizing reliance
on municipal potable water, and connection
to sanitary and storm sewer services. This re-
quired a comprehensive site-wide water man-
agement system that balances water supply
(rain) with water use and water treatment.
I would generally agree that the costs of
low-flow fixtures are within base building
pricing for the most part unless you get into
dual-flush electronic sensors which are in
the range of $150/fixture.
Energy & Atmosphere
Prerequisite 1 Fundamental Commissioning
of the Building Energy Systems
Fieber: A project team member is
capable of completing the Fundamental
Commissioning requirement, and Boldt
incorporates these tasks into the standard
project documentation procedures. There is
no cost premium associated with this credit.
However, there is an additional cost for
Enhanced Commissioning and the cost
varies by project type and complexity, i.e.
a science lab commissioning fee is more
likely higher than a library commissioning
fee. Based on experience, Boldt estimates
third-party commissioning fees at 1/10th of
a percent to 1 percent of construction costs.
McAuley: That really depends on the
building. I think your notes from the previ-
ous discussion on laboratories were pretty
accurate that noted fundamental commis-
sioning seems to be part of the process in
owner-occupied buildings. But when we
look at condominium buildings, theres no
commissioning effectively thats being done
on these buildings so it can be a $20,000
to $30,000-plus cost depending on the size
and complexity of mechanical systems.
Related to this, the cost of EAc3 Enhanced
commissioning requires third-party review
during design and construction, which
can add another 20 percent to the cost of
achieving EAp1.
To build on a piece of land without spoiling it.
When Aldo Leopolds dictum is taken seriously,
it requires the builder to look closely at what
is necessary to create a building with a carbon
footprint well within ones own budget. Cost ef-
fectiveness has a whole new meaning when seen
from the perspective where a building is a con-
tinuous, living part of both culture and nature.
Tom Kubala, The Kubala Washatko Architects
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 54
Credit 1: Optimize Energy Performance
Haxton: It is very difficult to define the
costs under this credit since in an integrated
design approach spreads the costs and
savings under many different components.
Theres a premium cost for a high-mass
structural to dampen temperature, extra
building skin (due to added floor to floor
height) to achieve daylighting, roof slope for
collector angle and daylighting, under build-
ing labyrinth for air temperature control,
night-time ventilation to cool the building,
underfloor HVAC distribution in the building,
evaporative cooling systems, high-efficiency
T8 direct and indirect pendant fixtures, and
LED task lighting. The true test is to try to
add up the additional costs and savings, and
then compare. Another test is to compare
the building performance metrics, operating
metrics and the building costs.
Macey: The thing that we struggled
with a bit was the concept of extracting a
premium, in the sense that everything in
the form of the building was driven from a
first position about energy as a form driver,
as a form maker.
So what Paul Torcellini, Shanti Pless and I
wanted to share at this point in the discus-
sion was that incrementalism is possible in
the LEED format. It kind of invites you to en-
ter the discussion from any point. You know,
you can create a LEED opportunity for your
project, maybe very much around the use
of the site because theres some particular
advantage there. And so you can take a sort
of an incremental approach.
We came to our project from a funda-
mentally different starting point. The DOE/
NREL RSF is a paradigm shift. The project
illustrates that if you enter the LEED discus-
sion from the position of lowest overall
energy consumption, it will drive a number
of your choices, and they dont necessarily
create premiums. What you do is create a lot
of cost and value tradeoffs.
The skin is our largest cost center in the
project, and thats no surprise. We have
almost twice as much skin on that build-
ing as you would in conventional, simple
five-story box. If you do the math on the
NREL RSF building, a typical architecture for
the 220,000 square feet would have been a
reasonable five-story building and be a big
office-park kind of a building. And I dont
want that to in any way sound like a critique
or pejorative. Thats just the nature of the
building that youd typically get.
Having said that, thats exactly the kind
of building that I think practically everyone
on this call doesnt want to make anymore.
The owner set an aggressive energy goal;
this guided the form of the envelope, and
the rest of the systems cascaded into place.
Many of the LEED points then just hap-
pened. I think primarily what we would like
to share with the readership is that what
weve learned is the shift to get beyond
Platinum is a fundamental change in the
paradigm. If you start from energy, you end
up with a different outpoint.
The skin does several things. It does keep
the weather out, and it also helps heat
the building and cool the building. The
backside of the panel is actually finished to
a degree that it actually is the interior finish
of the building, and there is no interior dry-
wall. The widows are sized for daylighting
and views, which substantially reduces the
lighting (and related cooling) loads.
So, although we paid what one might
consider a premium for the skin, by making
that element of the building do other jobs
of the building weve essentially invested in
other decisions that now cost you zero. As
far as we are concerned, the way we spent
money on the envelope resulted in no ad-
ditional building costs.
Andary: There was a lot of that cost
transfer concept going on as we made
critical choices on how to spend money
to balance cost and energy models. For
instance, as you have already heard, the
window-to-wall ratio is around 25 percent,
which you would not normally see on a
contemporary office building. The majority
of the cost of a wall assembly is in the glaz-
ing and because we only have enough
glazing to provide appropriate daylighting,
natural ventilation and views the cost per
square foot of skin is much less. This falls
into the minus cost category along with,
for example, no acoustic ceiling due to the
radiant slabs, no drywall on the interior of
the building, etc. Examples of items in the
plus cost category are the extra square
footage of the sandwich panel exterior
walls, the radiant piping in the slabs and
the LightLouver daylight bouncing product.
In a project that adopts a good integrated
design process these kinds of cost transfer
activities can occur and the result is a
high-performance building for the cost of a
traditional building.
McAuley: I think one of the challenges
that a condominium building has relative
to a lot of owner occupied or government-
funded projects is that the developer isnt
holding onto the building. So any potential
savings in energy consumption cant really
be transferred to his pocket over the life-
time of the building or even over a several
year span.
I have gone through about 16 of our
LEED-certified/targeted projects and found
that points associated with EAc1 typically
represents about 50 percent of the total
LEED incremental costs of the project.
So, this where we focus a lot of efforts on
optimizing building design to minimize
operating costs.
We look at energy conservation mea-
sures in a pyramid. At the bottom of the
pyramid is the low-hanging fruit with mini-
mal capital cost impact. Things like building
shape, orientation, and engaging building
operators and occupants to conserve en-
ergy. This is followed by passive strategies
such as increased thermal performance of
the building envelope and building design
that maximizes natural ventilation and pas-
sive solar heating. The most costly means
of achieving energy efficiency is through
applying active systems such as higher ef-
ficiency mechanical equipment and onsite
renewable energy systems. Decisions about
what approach to use on a given project
are typically made by the design team in
accordance with the clients operational
savings objectives, environmental impact
expectations and construction budget.
However depending on the building type
and owner/developer flexibility, the ability
to incorporate the most economical mea-
sures can be limited.
Credit 2: On-Site Renewable Energy
Torcellini: The PV was the one element
that was not part of the building budget.
We designed the building to be PV-ready.
We did not have the luxury of adding ad-
ditional elements to the building because of
the fixed-price cost. The PV was funded by a
third party we purchased the energy from.
This third party has a longer time invest-
ment horizon and was willing to make the
investment.
Software Manufacturers
on NZEBs
Contoyannis (IESVE): It boils down to the
fact that there is a strong synergy between
many of the LEED credits. Our software
platform is designed to model a buildings
energy performance while accounting for
these inter-relationships.
In a typical LEED project, there are a num-
ber of credits that youre likely to pursue
that will have an influence on the energy
performance. The light pollution reduction
ON THE
RECORD
By making energy performance a top priority and
using a holistic approach to their designs from
passive strategies to the integration of complex
energy systems the projects included in this
article clearly portray the value of a strong team
and an effective, whole building design ap-
proach. I think that it is noteworthy that in many
of these projects, the engineers are driving the
design more than the architects. These projects
are shining examples of effective integrated
design. Dana Villeneuve (AEC)
www.EDCmag.com 55
Seals the irregular shapes
of steel I beams,
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choools Heal
ildrren Healt

lthy Sc y S
hy Chi y C
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Seals walls to roof
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The Science
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credit can be achieved by reducing the
amount of installed exterior lighting
fewer fixtures means less electricity and
that will have a benefit on your energy per-
formance. To achieve the water use reduc-
tion credits, you could use low-flow fixtures.
That will lead to less domestic hot water
consumption and, therefore, less natural
gas energy consumption by the water
heater. Good daylighting with a light dim-
ming system can lead to electricity savings
from the lighting systems and potentially
the cooling systems.
Id also like to point out that increas-
ing the envelopes performance can lead
to smaller building loads and, therefore,
smaller HVAC equipment. This is a first-cost
savings opportunity that needs to figure
into the economic analysis.
The key takeaway is that there are a num-
ber of different strategies that can lead to a
buildings energy savings. If you look at the
building holistically, you have the opportu-
nity to realize the most benefit. You can find
that things are as simple as the buildings
form having a profound impact on energy
savings. Thats something that effectively
requires no additional investment but is just
a smart design decision.
Pratt (Autodesk): Our mission at Au-
todesk is to provide the industry with the
technology to help augment and enhance
design and construction of buildings, pri-
marily through better analysis and simula-
tion. One of those areas is BIM-enabled
takeoff, which gives project teams the
ability to see the cost and quantity impact
of various changes to the baseline design
or proposed design like changes in the
form, changes in the width, changes to the
exterior envelope and so forth. We think
the quicker that you can get those results
generated and feedback integrated into
the design and cost processes, the better
performance, sustainability and lifecycle
cost the building will have.
So, its all about lowering the feedback
loop between making a design change or
proposing a design change and finding out
whats the cost in quantity and performance
impact of that change. We want to shrink
that loop to the minimum.
DOE/NREL RSF Summary from
Philip Macey, Haselden
High-performance buildings have some im-
portant differences in how they are
approached:
A much more front-loaded approach to
design so that the whole team is engaged
early to make integrated decisions.
Start daylight and energy modeling at the
concept phase, and allow both to drive
architecture.
Make interior design an active part of
the energy solution (office sizes, panel
heights, finish colors).
Pair workplace collaboration and energy
reduction to create a new and invigorating
workplace while making all appliances
ENERGY STAR or better.
Use hydronic heating and cooling when-
ever possible, and use natural ventilation
for night cooling whenever possible.
High performance requires innovation and
is best delivered in a design-build model
(using performance specifications) with
merit awards for innovation.
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 56
Smith (Bentley Software):
Designing for net-zero energy perfor-
mance requires a process that supports
multidisciplinary design optimization that
allows designers to take advantage of the
interactions between disciplines and the
sharing of complex engineering data. For
example, the evaluation of design alterna-
tives for building massing and footprint to
optimize energy performance requires a
review of the site impacts for civil grading,
the influence of onsite renewable energy
and stormwater management. An efficient
ON THE
RECORD
Summary / Lessons Learned / Tips
The LEED line items and related cost are
becoming more totally integrated into a
new design, energy, performance and cost
paradigm. Building and product costs that just
a few years ago were considered additional
cost items over and above the normal build-
ing costs are now standard. The standard of
practice is having the bar raised.
A net-zero energy design calls for a shift in
costs in mechanical systems, lighting systems
and cooling systems; to create energy conser-
vation strategy solutions in higher performing
walls, glazing systems, passive air heating/cool-
ing approaches and renewable energy systems.
Focus on reducing the energy requirements
for the building, and then identify renew-
able resources that can be used to satisfy the
remaining energy needs.
In cold climates and hot climates, underground
HVAC systems may reduce energy costs by ei-
ther heating or cooling the incoming air by with
coordination of ground source heat pumps.
Glazing type, placement and size can be
modeled to maximize natural daylight while
managing solar heat gain.
Interior light shelves and devices can be uti-
lized to direct light further into the floor space
while exterior architectural features (louvers,
fins and screens) and landscaping can be
utilized to manage excessive solar heat gain
and glare issues during hot summer months.
Narrow floor plates and increased floor-
to-floor heights are optimal building form
selections for the maximization of daylight
distribution. Floor plates from 45 to 60 feet
are used in a few NZEB to optimize natural
daylighting.
Heating degree days, cooling degree days,
solar clear days, proximity to hydro generation
facilities, proximity to geothermal renewable
resources, proximity to ocean/river/lake cool-
ing, wind speed/duration, strong hail storms
(detrimental to solar devices), and extremely
high winds are all site parameters that can be
used as site determinants for site selection to
take advantage of renewable energy resources.
Several more tips and a list of related resources can
be found online with the full version of this article at
www.EDCmag.com.
iterative design process will allow each dis-
cipline to evaluate its specific impact on the
energy savings, sustainability and construc-
tion costs, and contribute to the project at
large. Our AEC design software provides a
collaboration platform for multidisciplinary
design optimization.
At the core of collaboration is interoper-
ability allowing project participants to share
data but yet use different applications.
Interoperability allows for BIM data to be
used for multiple purposes, cost estimating
and annual energy simulation.

Life-Cycle Cost Analysis
Bendewald: The designers at this round-
table have rightly pointed out that building
design is most effective when decisions
are made to provide multiple benefits from
single expenditures. For example, a deci-
sion to paint the walls a lighter color and
use indirect lighting can achieve aesthetic
objectives as well as make a room seem
brighter despite less lumens. A need for
fewer lumens can result in fewer luminares
(saving capital cost) and reduced heat gain
(saving cooling cost). In some cases, the
cooling load can be reduced so much as
to downsize the HVAC equipment, saving
even more capital cost. Making decisions
that provide three or more benefits will
allow you to achieve more LEED credits and
get closer to net-zero energy for little or no
added cost.
So, switching to life-cycle cost analysis
(LCCA), I was asked about how peak oil
might influence the financial evaluation of a
more energy-efficient building design. Peak
oil is the theory that oil will eventually reach
its maximum production capacity, before en-
tering a slide to zero. Based on the economic
laws of supply and demand, as oil produc-
tion decreases, the price of oil will rise,
reflecting the scarcity of the commodity.
No one really knows what energy prices
will do. The U.S. Energy Information Admin-
istration projects electricity cost escalation
at about 2.5 percent each year. The EIA
also captures natural gas costs. In addition,
the market indicates the price of natural
gas through the sales of futures, but these
only extend five years out. If you think we
have already hit peak oil, which some have
claimed, and oil prices will, say, double from
$80 to $160 in 10 years, then you could dou-
ble the price of natural gas in your financial
model over that same time period. The price
of electricity is less straightforward, but you
could make the increase proportional to
percent of natural gas in the power supply.
But before you do any extensive analysis
into energy cost projections, it important to
just get an understanding of what energy
costs would have to reach in order to
change your investment decision. After you
have a better understanding of what that
tipping point is, you can then look back-
ward and forward at the cost of electricity
and natural gas. Does your tipping point
fall into the range of where costs have
been? How close does it come to future
projections? Is it too close for comfort?
Macy: It appears to us as we looked at
the DOE/NREL RSF project, stepping back
from it as the folks who had a chance to de-
sign and construct it, we began to consider
the idea that were looking at a new class of
real estate. That in fact the inflection point
that were at seems to be leading us to a
condition where the rising cost for energy
combined with the rising performance of
PV and geothermal systems, combined with
much more precise energy modeling might
be bringing us to an inflection point.
Quite possibly projects that are zero
energy and zero water seem to our experi-
ence to be marking a starting point. As
was offered earlier in the conversation
that the Dockside Project is pursuing zero
water, and the NREL project is on track
for net-zero energy, it seems to us that in
fact that is the answer, that buildings and
development that actually retain or create
the utility investment, be it water or power,
or in some way have a benefit towards the
treatment of the effluent that leaves the
building, are in fact the kind of buildings
that we want to create. Their net contribu-
tion is much more beneficial to things in
general, and in the case of creating energy
are net cash positive.
NOTE: The discussion of the NZEB roundtable
on cost analysis and cost modeling is meant to
be a starting point for a greater dialogue and
investigation about sustainable and NZEB costs.
The information in this discussion is for a special
building on a special site with idealized square
footage. It is meant for discussion purposes and is
not meant to promote one system over another;
the information should not be taken and applied
to another buildings or sites. Each site is very
special and the analysis and costs and solutions
are specific to that particular site. When dealing
with sustainable and NZE buildings and campuses
seek professionals with experience in each and
every aspect of the building you are working with.
Regarding cost analysis information for architec-
ture, seek professional cost consultant expertise to
design facilities.
Copyrighted September 2010 Bruce Haxton. This
work may not be reproduced in whole or in part
without written permission of Bruce Haxton. All
rights reserved.
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 58
Sustainability is the watchword
of our times, the strongest
social and political movement
in decades. We can expect that
the pace of global warming will
accelerate, as most forecasts show
increasing use of fossil fuels over
the next decade or two. Despite
the best efforts of government,
industry and individuals, fossil
fuel use is just too ingrained in
our technology and behavior
to undergo rapid deceleration.
Todays carbon emissions will stay
in the atmosphere for a long time,
so were going to have to live with
the consequences of our fossil
fuel use for many decades.
We know that water supply is
going to be significantly affected
not only by population growth,
but also by global warming over
the next few decades. We know
now that water and energy are
inextricably intertwined. Thats
one reason why sustainable build-
ings and homes, zero-net-carbon
buildings, sustainable urban
development, and sustainable
products and practices are critical
to addressing water scarcity.
Climate Change
Water is linked to climate change,
but it is not seen as a crucially
intersecting issue by most people
focused on zero-carbon buildings
and cities, although it should be
given the inextricable linkage of
water and energy. According to Jon
Devine, attorney with a national
environmental nonprofit, water
conservation intersects with climate
change policy in a couple of ways.
First, obviously in areas where
water is constrained and where
droughts are worsened because of
climate change, using less water
to achieve the same ends is an
important adaptation strategy to
deal with global warming. Beyond
that, the collection, distribution
and treatment of drinking water
and wastewater itself consume
tremendous amounts of energy
and therefore contribute to global
warming pollution. That energy/
water connection is particularly
strong in places where significant
amounts of energy are used to
transport water and wastewater
like the Southwest. So, saving
water, in turn, saves energy and re-
duces global warming pollution.
2
In August 2009, the World Water
Council sent a message to del-
egates at COP 15, the global warm-
ing conference planned for Copen-
hagen in December 2009, that read,
Copenhagen is a key opportunity
to remind the global community
that sensible water infrastructure
investments can help adaptation to
climate change for a minor fraction
of the costs of long-term mitigation
actions.
3
In other words, climate
change adaptation is unavoidable,
and water infrastructure must be a
critical investment priority before
more exotic or unproven carbon
mitigation strategies.
In a similar vein, according to
the Global Public Policy Network
on Water Management:
Failure to recognize the role
of water management in
adapting to climate change
has numerous and multifacet-
ed repercussions for peoples
lives; It means that national
water suppliers will not have
access to sanitation systems
that are resilient to flood-
ing or unexpected weather
events. It means that farmers
will not have adequate infor-
mation or resources to ensure
that they can cope with
diminishing rainfall: It means
that new pressures will be
put on already-strained rela-
tions between neighboring
states who depend on shared
water resources.
4
Ensuring that water manage-
ment is included in mitigation
and adaptation strategies will
help a community prepare for
the future to manage climate
change and avoid enduring even
worse consequences for water
supply availability.
Triple-Bottom-Line
Sustainability
Many people have heard that
sustainability involves the triple
bottom line of the Three Es
economy, ethics and environ-
ment or the Three Ps profits,
people and planet (Figure 1).
More recently, thinking about
sustainability has recognized that
this mode of analysis can also
create a triple top line of new
products and revenue growth,
new green jobs and environ-
mental improvements. A recent
influential article even argued
that sustainability is now the key
driver of business innovation and
represents an indispensable stra-
tegic initiative for every company
and institution.
5
How will sustainability interact
with water conservation in cit-
ies? In my view, there are three
significant connections based on
the triple bottom line: green jobs,
social equity and environmental
restoration the three legs of
the sustainability stool.
Water and Sustainability
1
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STUDIO
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ed+c NOVEMBER 10 60
Water and Green Jobs
For me, the words of serious
business people are far more
interesting than those of politi-
cians or green advocates when it
comes to the potential for green
jobs, the first leg of the sustain-
ability stool. Certainly the new
water sector is going to generate
tens of thousands of green jobs in
plumbing retrofits, desalination
plants, and recycling and reuse of
rainwater and graywater. Anthony
Pratt, executive chairman of Pratt
Industries USA and the Australian
company Visy, believes that we are
on the cusp of a huge growth in
green jobs worldwide:
Global investments in renew-
able energy companies and
projects totaled $155 billion in
2008, overtaking similar invest-
ments in fossil fuels for the first
time. Some estimates have put
the global value of green prod-
ucts and services worldwide at
more than $3 trillion and rising.
We have already seen the kind
of progress that can be made.
By the middle of 2008, Germany,
a country hardly celebrated
for endlessly sunny days, had
managed to create 40,000 jobs
in its solar industry alone. Israel,
a country not long in water re-
sources, enjoys a disproportion-
ate share of the hi-tech water
efficiency market.
4
Based on U.S. patents per capita,
Israel ranks behind only the U.S.,
Japan and Taiwan,

demonstrating
how a clear focus on technology
investments can benefit a country
or region.
7
In specific industries,
such as life sciences, Israel ranks
easily in the top countries for per
capita patents granted.
8
Indeed,
the coming focus on reducing the
carbon intensity of each country
is going to wind up with a strong
emphasis on water conserva-
tion as the water/energy nexus
becomes better recognized.
Certainly the combination of
desalination plants and water
transfer schemes powered by
renewable energy is going to be a
political winner in many countries,
though perhaps not in the U.S.
Many countries where desalination
plants are located (Australia and
the Middle East) usually possess
abundant solar resources to power
desalination plants, either through
concentrating solar thermal col-
lectors or photovoltaics. This is
certainly true in the Middle East,
although the current preference
there is still to use cheap fossil
fuels to deliver cheaper water from
desalination processes.
Anthony Pratt says:
This is just a small part of the
global green picture. The
international race to win a share
of the new green markets and
opportunities is already well
under way. The international
non-government organization
the Climate Group recently
reported on the extent to which
green businesses and technol-
ogy development have become
a mainstream element of Chinas
growth strategy. The country is
already the world leader in solar
energy, supplying 40 percent of
the worlds photovoltaic panels.
It is doubling its wind genera-
tion capacity every year. Chinese
companies are leading the way
with electric vehicles, creat-
ing the first car that can travel
400 km (240 miles) on a single
charge, as well as starting mass
production of such vehicles.
9
There is little doubt that China
will soon become a world leader in
new water technologies, as well as
transportation and renewable en-
ergy, since much of that country is
water-stressed already. For the U.S.
and other developed countries to
keep up, major new investments
are needed in water technologies,
along with changes in institutional
arrangements for water delivery
that will make it a profitable busi-
ness opportunity.
Water and Social Equity
The second leg of the sustainabil-
ity stool is social equity. Well over a
billion people in the world lack ac-
cess to clean water and sanitation,
and the pace of industrial growth
in the rapidly urbanizing countries,
coupled with ongoing deforesta-
tion, continues to reduce the
amount of unpolluted water re-
sources available to people. Many
estimate that nearly one-third of
the worlds population cannot eas-
STUDIO
FIGURE 1. THE TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE FOR WATER ALIGNS SUSTAINABILITY PROGRESS IN
TERMS OF ECONOMY, ECOLOGY AND EQUITY ALONG THREE AXES: GREEN JOBS, WATERSHED
RESTORATION AND SOCIAL EQUITY.
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ed+c NOVEMBER 10 62
ily access clean water for everyday
needs.
10
How to address this
situation globally is the source
of considerable debate. The
private sector has the technology,
financial resources and skilled
people to attack this problem but
will not do so without guaranteed
profits and long-term contracts.
Water activists at the global level
argue for an approach run by
government to ensure that access
to clean water at affordable prices
is recognized as a fundamental
human right.
11
They point to
many instances of private sector
malfeasance, while the business
sector rightly questions why gov-
ernments havent done the job
to date despite huge amounts of
foreign aid for infrastructure over
the past 50 years.
To my mind, the dispute is
largely ideological: Assuming the
mantle representing the public
interest, the left prefers public
ownership of vital resources and
scores the evils of profit-making
capitalism. By contrast, the right,
citing the invisible hand of the
marketplace, prefers private own-
ership and points out the inef-
ficiencies and (in many countries)
outright corruption of the gov-
ernment sector. Practical people
usually meet in the middle; many
opt for hybrid approaches that
keep public ownership of the ba-
sic resource but contract supply
and maintenance to the private
sector in a regulated fashion.
The debate is ironic in other
ways: Food is just as essential as
water for life and health, yet we
readily allow the private sector to
fulfill this vital role in almost every
country, even those with socialist
governments. In the 20th century,
wherever food production has
been collectivized, it has been a
dismal failure. Electricity is vital
for life and health, but electric
power is supplied mainly by the
private sector functioning as
regulated utilities in many coun-
tries. The same is true for gasoline,
fuel oil, healthcare and dozens of
other vital products and services.
Why is water such a special com-
modity that it should be supplied
only by the public sector?
The U.S. and Canada are
fortunate to have a vibrant public
water and wastewater sector that
provides clean, affordable water
supply and wastewater treatment
to about 85 percent of the popu-
lation, with the balance coming
from private companies. However,
we also have a strong private
sector that delivers the technol-
ogy and engineering resources
for the public sector to deploy.
Some cities have privatized their
water and wastewater utilities
with mixed results. In Atlanta,
the city eliminated its contract
with United Water after five years,
complaining of poor service and
poor quality water. Indianapolis,
a poster child for privatization
of public services under Mayor
Stephen Goldsmith, in 2003 hired
U.S. Filter under a 20-year, $1.5
billion contract to operate its
water system with positive results
reported thus far.
12
Water pricing is a huge issue
that ties sustainability directly with
economics. One reason why I like
steeply tiered rate structures for
water supply, such as in Irvine, Ca-
lif., or Las Vegas (especially when
they provide for even cheaper wa-
ter at the lowest-use tier), is they
can be used to cut water costs to
lower-income residents, which is
a valuable social welfare measure.
This is especially the case when
water utilities provide no-cost
programs or financial incentives
to replace inefficient fixtures, such
as toilets, and charge more to
higher-income residents who can
afford to pay for the water needed
to support extensive gardens and
greenery. Additional fixture and
appliance retrofit programs can
provide jobs for semi-skilled work-
ers who can benefit from local
green jobs training programs.
Water and the
Environment
The third leg of the sustainability
stool is the environment. One
of the looming issues in water
supply is the need to replen-
ish groundwater levels, so that
streams in the drier regions can
flow freely again, and to avoid
draining existing rivers, bays and
deltas for urban water supply.
Often overlooked in the water
supply debate is where the water
comes from; it all comes from
nature, directly or indirectly, and
nature has plenty of good uses for
water. The prevailing mindset in
the first half of the twentieth cen-
tury was that water that reaches
the sea unused by people is some-
how wasted.Thanks to the mod-
ern environmental movement, we
have begun to move past that way
of thinking, but we still havent
moved to restore our watersheds
to their previous vibrant health.
That is one singularly good reason
to support onsite water recycling
and waste treatment: to reduce
the pressure of urban growth on
water supplies.
Sharon Megdal, a professor
at the University of Arizona, is a
strong advocate for considering
the environment in any discus-
sion of water issues. She and
her colleagues have developed
a unique voluntary municipal
water conservation approach to
support environmental restora-
tion, particularly in arid areas.
13

In a recent article, Megdal and a
co-author describe the program,
Conserve to Enhance, which aims
to develop a source of water
for environmental restoration
projects by connecting residential
water conservation and environ-
mental enhancement.
In Conserve to Enhance,
residential customers who reduce
consumption would agree to pay
at their previous higher level, with
the overage funds being used to
pay for the water for environmen-
tal improvement projects. In this
way, you or I, as individuals, can
directly connect our own water
use behavior with our interests
in environmental restoration. As
a practical example, the authors
cite a property owned by the
Nature Conservancy, which used
funds from such a program to buy
and retire groundwater-pumping
rights, which increased flows in a
small creek that supported impor-
tant riparian habitat.
14
Water and Green
Buildings
One example of how to achieve
water savings in practice is the
rapid growth of the green build-
ing movement. By the middle
STUDIO
FIGURE 2. STEEPLY TIERED WATER RATE STRUCTURES PROVIDE A WAY TO ENCOURAGE WATER CONSERVATION WHILE PRESERVING SOCIAL EQUITY. HERE IS
AN EXAMPLE FROM LAS VEGAS.
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a subsidiary of ZCL Composites Inc.
of 2010, 28,500 non-residential projects had
registered for certification under the U.S. Green
Building Councils LEED rating systems, and
6,440 had been certified.
During 2009 alone, more than 400 million
square feet of existing buildings registered to
participate in the LEED for Existing Buildings
Operations & Maintenance program, which
requires a minimum of 20 percent water sav-
ings (against a baseline calculation). The green
building movement continued to grow rapidly
in 2009, with about a 70 percent increase in
the cumulative number of new LEED project
registrations, in the teeth of the Great Reces-
sion, while commercial and residential building
declined 30 percent or more in most urban
areas.
15
(However, new LEED non-residential
project registrations appear to have slowed
down dramatically in 2010, totaling only
3,000, 40 percent of those in LEED for Schools,
through mid-year 2010.)
16
The Living Building Challenge
Meeting the Living Building Challenge requires
net-zero water use after an initial fill-up of a
water storage tank and net-zero discharge of
wastewater from the property. Logically, there
FIGURE 3. OMEGA CENTER FOR SUSTAINABLE LIVING, RHINEBECK, N.Y., WAS ONE OF THE FIRST PROJECTS REGISTERED TO MEET THE
LIVING BUILDING CHALLENGE. THE CENTERS ECOMACHINE PROVIDES ONSITE BIOLOGICAL SEWAGE TREATMENT. PHOTO 2009
FARSHID ASSASSI, COURTESY OF BNIM.
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 64
SUPPORT
RESPONSIBLE
FORESTRY.
Good for you. Good for our forests.
SM
When you consider that only 10% of the worlds forests are certied, we have a long way to go.
The good news is that there are a number of credible forest certication programs. And each one,
including SFI, encourages responsible forestry. When you buy or source SFI-labeled paper, packaging
or wood products, you increase demand for responsibly managed forests. So look for the SFI label,
and source wisely. For more on forest certication and what you can do, visit www.sprogram.org.
is always the chance that the water supply tank
will run dry after a series of years with low rain-
fall.
17
To me, the bigger problem is this: Whos
going to be responsible for long-term main-
tenance of the system as a building changes
ownership or management? (The same holds
true, even more so, for onsite sewage treat-
ment.) Its possible that there may a strong
argument for cutting energy use by replacing
centralized water supply and sewage treatment
with decentralized onsite systems. (Although, I
havent seen any evidence that this is the case.)
I expect that most green buildings will begin
to aim at 50 percent water savings (compared
with prevailing codes) and will start incor-
porating graywater and rainwater into toilet
flushing, landscape watering and cooling tower
makeup water. Getting to net-zero water will
be a significant challenge for larger commercial
buildings, particularly in more arid areas or in
areas with pronounced wet and dry seasons.
Water in the Built Landscape
People need water for psychological health. We
all want to walk along rivers, be near the ocean,
go out to the lake, have fountains in our gar-
dens and observe the flow of water in nature.
In the Sonoran Desert, where I live, rivers flow
only intermittently, and many people flock to
bridges and creek banks during a rainstorm,
just to see water flowing by.
Atelier Dreiseitl, based in Ueberlingen, Ger-
many, is one of the worlds leading landscape
architecture firms. U.S. readers may be familiar
with his work at the Queens Botanical Garden
in New York. What has always attracted me to
Dreiseitls work is the use of water as an eco-
logical, cultural and healing element. I lived in
Portland, Ore., during the first half of the 2000s
and would often visit one of the firms projects,
Tanner Springs Park, which is a constructed
wetland designed mostly for passive viewing.
Of this project, Herbert Dreiseitl writes:
With surgical artistry, the urban skin of one
urban block is peeled back. Time is reversed
and the story of land development wound
back to predevelopment days. The park is
like a view port to the past. The long forgot-
ten wetland habitat is restored to the full
glory of its plants and animals.
18
Its perhaps no accident that Dreiseitl was
originally trained as an art therapist and that
he brings the therapists sensibility to integrat-
ing water features and functions into land-
scape projects. In his view, the way we handle
water says a lot about how we are:
The way water is handled in towns shows
more than the technical ingenuity of its citi-
zens; it reflects myth and religion and shows
the spiritual constitution of people living in
a water culture.
19
As for water themes today, Dreiseitl stresses
the need to link to other functions, rather than
just design isolated water features.
Water influences our sense of well-being in
towns and in buildings, it affects the humid-
ity, the temperature, the cleanness of the air,
the climate. Water can be used in such a way
that it filters, cools or warms the outside air
and regulates humidity ....
[The sounds of water] are soothing and
compensate for urban stress ....
Water creates atmosphere, something that
is vital to our towns and cities if they are
STUDIO
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F0LL0WS l D0CUMFNTFD lND UNNTFRRUPTFD FSC CHlN 0F CUST0DY
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1996 Forest Stewardship Council
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ed+c NOVEMBER 10 66
STUDIO
to be individual, unmistakable and easily recognized, with a sense of
being home ....
[it] has something to with the spiritual quality of a place, defining life
and movement, something that water can convey directly like no other
element.
20
The eminent 20th-century economist and psychologist Kenneth E.
Boulding summed up waters amazing qualities well:
Water is politics, waters religion,
Water is just about anyones pigeon.
Water is frightening, waters endearing,
Waters a lot more than mere engineering.
21
Weve come to the end of this article, but not the end of the journey.
Now that youve read this far, heres what you can do. If you live in a
city, become a water activist, starting by cutting water use at home. If
you work in design, engineering or building construction, cut the water
demand of your projects. If you manage or own buildings, cut your water
use. If you work with plants, use native and adapted species to cut water
use. If you work for a water utility, enhance your conservation programs. If
youre a teacher, educate your students about water crises. If youre a poli-
tician, look for new ways to engage everyone in cutting urban water use.
As always, sustainability starts with what you do tomorrow!
Endnotes
1 Adapted from Jerry Yudelson, Dry Run: Preventing the Next Urban Water Crisis, New Society
Publishers, Gabriola Island, BC, 2010, pp. 227-236.
2 Interview with Jon Devine, Senior Attorney, Water Program, Natural Resources Defense Council,
September 2009.
3 www.european-waternews.com/news/id884-Call_for_Global_Water_Fund.html, accessed
December 13, 2009.
4 www.european-waternews.com/news/id885-Global_Climate_Challenge_Is_Global_Water_Chal-
lenge.html, accessed December 9, 2009.
5 Why Sustainability Is Now the Key Driver of Innovation, Ram Nidumolu, C.K. Prahalad and M.R.
Rangaswami, Harvard Business Review, September 2009, accessed December 11, 2009.
6 Anthony Pratt, Green Fields Abound in Pots of Gold, opinion in The Australian, December 12,
2009, accessed December 12, 2009.
7 www.buyusa.gov/newhampshire/israel.html, accessed December 12, 2009.
8 www.bioisrael.com/Homeinc_coverstoryDetails.asp?Id=98, accessed December 12, 2009.
9 www.theclimategroup.org, accessed December 12, 2009.
10 Dr. Jim Gill, presentation at WaterSmart Innovations conference, Las Vegas, Nevada,
October 7, 2009.
11 The best known proponent of the public ownership and operation of water is Maude Barlow, now
at the United Nations Organization.
12 www.serconline.org/waterPrivatization/fact.html, accessed December 11, 2009.
13 See Conserve to Enhance, Andrew Schwarz and Sharon B. Megdal, Journal of the American Water
Works Association, January 2008, 42-53, accessed December 11, 2009.
14 Ibid., p. 45.
15 LEED project registration information courtesy of USGBC staff, www.usgbc.org, August 1, 2010.
16 USGBC staff data supplied to the author, August 2010.
17 The Living Building Challenge slips around this issue by allowing the use of an onsite well for
water supply. However, this is not a practical solution for commercial buildings in most areas.
18 Herbert Dreiseitl and Dieter Grau, New Waterscapes, 2005, Basel, Switzerland: Birkhaeuser, p. 14.
19 Ibid., p. 42.
20 Ibid., pp. 44-45.
21 Kenneth E. Boulding, Feather River Anthology, accessed December 12, 2009.
FIGURE 4. TANNER SPRINGS PARK IN PORTLAND, ORE., IS A GOOD EXAMPLE OF A CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS DOUBLING AS A PASSIVE VIEWING PARK IN A BUILT-UP URBAN AREA. CREDIT: ATELIER DREISEITL.
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Choose IMPs (Insulated Metal Panels) to achieve high R-values of 14 to 48, exceed energy
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time vs. multi-component assemblies. They are available in a wide variety of sizes and colors.
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 68
More than 64 percent of ED+C read-
ers specify, recommend or purchase
greencarpet products, according to
the Green Building Industry Aware-
ness Study, August 2009. This should
come as no surprise since carpet
may offer a variety of design choices
and underfoot comfort. Additionally,
more and more carpet manufactur-
ers are offering sustainable selections.
While a project type, design vi-
sion and performance requirement
may ultimately dictate the flooring
option to be specified, carpet is
being installed in a host of green
buildings, including commercial,
educational and healthcare.
So, how do you select a green
carpet? One of the first factors, as
mentioned above, is to determine
what demands the carpet will
need to live up to. But the trickier
part comes when one has to define
what makes a carpet green. Some
questions you may spend time
answering could include:
What does it cost?
What is it made out of
(fiber type)?
Does it contain recycled content?
Can it be recycled?
Does it emit harmful chemicals?
How is it maintained and how
long will it last?
Does the manufacturer adhere to
green manufacturing policies?
How does the product impact
the environment?
Is it Certified?
One way to determine which of
the myriad products to specify is
third-party certification. Third-party
certification providers validate
environmental claims. There are
many systems out there, and youll
need to do your homework to find
out each ones certifying criteria
and process. But, here are a couple
to get you started:
NSF 140: The Carpet and Rug
Institute (CRI) set out to pro-
vide a single, easy-rating certifi-
cation system for carpet and
rugs. With the assistance of NSF
International, the Sustainable
Carpet Assessment Standard
was created. NSF/ANSI STAN-
DARD 140-2007 establishes
performance requirements for
environmentally preferable
building materials in the con-
struction industry. CRI lists the
currently certified Sustainable
Carpet Product Platforms on
its website, www.carpet-rug.
org, including products from
Atlas Carpet Mills, Beaulieu
Group, Bentley Prince Street,
Dixie Group, InterfaceFLOR,
J&J/Invision, Mannington Mills
Inc., Milliken and Company,
Mohawk Group, Shaw Inc., Tai
Ping and Tandus.
C2C: MBDC evaluates a mate-
rial or products ingredients
and the complete formulation
for human and environmental
health impacts throughout its
life cycle and its potential for
being truly recycled or safely
composted. To date, carpet
fiber from Shaw Industries Inc.
is Cradle to Cradle (Silver) certi-
fied. For more information, visit
www.c2ccertified.com.
What about LEED?
While LEED does not certify
products, the rating system may
award points to a building based
on some of the specified materi-
als. For example, you might earn
LEED points by using recycled
carpet. For more information, visit
www.usgbc.org.
Recycling Efforts
Through the Carpet America
Recovery Effort (CARE), carpet
companies, government entities
and product suppliers are working
to develop market-based solutions
for the recycling and use of post-
consumer carpet. In 2009, CARE
reports that its members diverted
more than 311 million pounds
of post-consumer carpet from
landfills. Of that amount, nearly 80
percent was recycled back into car-
pet and other consumer products.
Visit www.carpetrecovery.org.
Whats Underfoot?
In addition to the actual floorcover-
ing, its important to weigh your
options for whats underneath.
Consider whether or not adhesives
are needed to install carpet, and if
so, does the adhesive emit VOCs?
Consider underlayments, product
backings, and padding or cushion.
A good foundation may extend the
life of the floorcovering.
Before a floorcovering is selected
and installed, its also critical to con-
sider the life cycle and maintenance
factor. Does your new green floor
require harmful chemicals to clean
it? At the end of its useful life cycle,
what happens to the carpet? Can it
be refurbished or reused? Can it be
recycled or reclaimed, and how?
Its critical to do your homework.
Fortunately, we have a lot to look
forward to in the future of sustain-
able fiber and carpet as manufactur-
ers step up their game to develop
and promote new technologies and
green product options.
MICHELLE HUCAL, LEED AP, IS THE SENIOR EDITOR
OF ED+C AND SUSTAINABLE FACILITY. E-MAIL
HUCALM@BNPMEDIA.COM.
Steppin Up
CARPET MANUFACTURERS OFFER MORE OPTIONS WITH CERTIFIED SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTS.
By Michelle Hucal, LEED AP
STUDIO
IN THE BOLYU SHOWROOM, JAMES LESLIE
TALKS ABOUT THE SUCCESS OF THE COMPANYS
ENVIRONMENTAL CARPET PRODUCTS AND
THE REASONS BEHIND THEIR GREEN INITIATIVES
DURING AN INTERVIEW WITH ED+C/SF GROUP
PUBLISHER DIANA BROWN. CLICK HERE TO VIEW THE
VIDEO OR VISIT WWW.EDCMAG.COM.
SHANE SMITH, SALES MANAGER, AQUAFIL USA,
SHARES THE COMPANYS ENVIRONMENTAL
MISSION AND THE ECONYL 75 HIGH-PERFORMANCE
FIBRE DURING AN INTERVIEW BY DIANA BROWN,
ED+C/SF GROUP PUBLISHER, AT THE AQUAFIL
SHOWROOM. CLICK HERE TO VIEW THE VIDEO OR
VISIT WWW.EDCMAG.COM.
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ed+c NOVEMBER 10 70
The concept of Going Green
has created a cultural phenom-
enon over the past decade.
From fuel-efficient cars to
consumer goods and services,
environmentally friendly op-
tions have never been more
pervasive or accessible. Across
the board, companies are
greening-up and working to
reduce their carbon footprints.
Building Information Modeling
(BIM) technology is a powerful tool
being embraced by the building
industry that provides contractors
and architects with the opportu-
nity to create a visual model for
end-users while also enhancing
the design, planning and construc-
tion process. In the hands of a
true builder, BIM can help deliver
efficient and eco-friendly building
results while demonstrating how
employing green building tech-
niques not only benefit the earth
but also the bottom line.
Saving Some Green
On-time and on-budget are two
key goals on every construction
project. Delivery of both items
is tied closely to a well-planned
preconstruction and construction
strategy and subsequent imple-
mentation. Above and beyond
the accepted use of resolving
potential conflicts, a sophisticated
BIM model can incorporate time
and material quantities, thus
reducing the potential amount of
re-work needed on a project and
improving labor productivity.
The three-story, 160,000-square-
foot Chemical & Materials Sciences
Building at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory, currently being built
with the intent of achieving LEED
Gold status, serves as an example
of how BIM and LEED work hand in
hand to deliver superior and eco-
friendly results. Daniel Joseph, the
onsite project manager for builder
McCarthy, has utilized BIM on
numerous projects with great suc-
cess. In terms of the initial impact
and usefulness of BIM, Joseph of-
fered up the old adage, A picture
is worth 1,000 words.But in the
case of cost-savings, a picture can
be worth $1,000 in savings and
sometimes much more.
At Oak Ridge, BIM is being
utilized in a variety of ways to
support the owners green mis-
sion while benefiting the bottom
line. A cost-saving and time-effi-
cient benefit of BIM is the ability
to streamline design layout and
enhance collaboration among
the designer, builder and key
subcontractors. BIM enables the
project team to identify potential
conflicts early during design. The
Green Fever
ECO-FRIENDLY AND COST-EFFECTIVE CONSTRUCTION IS ENHANCED WITH BIM.
By Kevin W. Kuntz
STUDIO
BIM IS QUICKLY GAINING POPULARITY AS A VISUAL TOOL TO HELP PROJECT TEAMS DESIGN AND
CONSTRUCT FACILITIES LIKE THE CHEMICAL & MATERIALS SCIENCES BUILDING AT OAK RIDGE
NATIONAL LABORATORY. PHOTO COURTESY OF MCCARTHY BUILDING COMPANIES.
ON THE OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY
PROJECT IN OAKRIDGE, TENN., THE MCCARTHY
TEAM UTILIZED BIM TO PRE-PLAN AND MAP OUT
INSTALLATION OF MATERIALS TO REDUCE COST
AND SAVE TIME. PHOTO COURTESY OF MCCARTHY
BUILDING COMPANIES.
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ed+c NOVEMBER 10 72
builder is then able to prefabricate electrical,
mechanical and plumbing aspects of the job.
Having these materials pre-assembled offsite
and delivered to the construction location
saves times and enhances quality. Oak Ridge
embraced this approach of prefabricated ma-
terials and direct site delivery for the projects
duct work, piping and conduit materials. The
green result? Reduction of excess waste onsite,
increased efficiency in terms of installation and
cost-savings due to correctly ordered materials.
The GPS system capability associated
with BIM allows for precise layouts, offering
another area of cost-savings. This tool allows
builders and subcontractors to accurately
plan for installation of mechanical, electrical
and plumbing aspects of the projects. As an
example, a two-man crew without the use
of BIM may only be able to lay out 40 to 50
MEP system hangers on a job. Using BIM, this
same two-man crew may lay out 250 hangers
in one day, resulting in cost savings directly
attributed to reduced labor hours and in-
creased efficiency.
This concept of installing materials faster
and more efficiently also ties into fireproof-
ing a major safety feature on projects.
Before BIM technology, complete with visual
design layout technology, fireproofing had
to be performed prior to the installation of
mechanical hangers since it was unclear how
many hangers would be needed in a certain
area. As a concrete-based material, installation
of hangers after fireproofing proved a labori-
ous and often costly task since the fireproof-
ing inevitably needed to be patched following
initial installation. With BIM technology and
the ability to pre-plan and map out installa-
tion of materials specifically pipe hangers
time and cost are greatly reduced. Through
BIM, these types of re-work situations become
few and far between.
Re-work overall has been greatly diminished
on the Oak Ridge project due to the use of BIM
to map out a productive workflow for workers.
By dividing the corridors into layers, McCarthy
team members were able to install the duct,
piping and electrical elements in a logical order.
By creating a workflow through the congested
corridors, workers could easily coordinate and
position materials in a systematic order.
Supporting Green Goals
As a software tool used to increase efficiency
and productivity in construction and build-
ing design, the use of BIM on the Oak Ridge
project complements the projects green ap-
proach. Connected through the goals of cost-
saving and waste reduction, BIM is a successful
conduit for green building. With the intent to
achieve LEED Gold certification through the
U.S. Green Building Council, the building will
include a variety of sustainable features. One
such feature is the projects use of wood su-
pervised under the Forest Stewardship Council
(FSC), a not-for-profit that promotes respon-
sible forest management. The projects other
environmentally conscious features include
energy-efficient electrical, air conditioning and
plumbing systems.
In terms of water conservation efforts, the
building will use a siphonic system, which
reduces the diameter of piping required to
drain the roof while directing water runoff
into underground tanks where it will be
collected and used for landscape irrigation.
McCarthy is working with the owner on a
design element that will help reduce water
consumption during experiments through
a recirculated process chilled water loop.
This system takes water used for experi-
ments and sends the water through a heat
exchanger to allow water to be reused for
additional experiments.
In addition to eco-friendly structural com-
ponents, the Oak Ridge project will have a
photovoltaic system that converts sunlight
directly into interior lighting. With this
technology, the lighting system will operate
without electricity during daytime hours. A
supplementary system will also be installed
for use during non-daylight hours. To further
extend the natural light in the building,
light shelves will be installed at the windows
to reflect daylight onto the ceiling and
deeper into the space. Windows will also be
installed between the buildings first interior
wall and the next rooms, thereby extending
natural lighting.
Conclusion
As the construction industry evolves, innova-
tive tools, like BIM, will continue gain mo-
mentum and acclaim. The marriage of tech-
nology with green practices is a new trend
that holds great success and promise for
construction companies around the globe.
By investing in these tools and greening-up,
construction companies across the globe
have the opportunity to make their mark and
secure their future in the marketplace.
KEVIN W. KUNTZ IS THE SOUTHEAST DIVISION
PRESIDENT OF MCCARTHY BUILDING COMPANIES
INC. AS ONE OF THE LEADING SCIENCE AND RE-
SEARCH BUILDERS IN AMERICA, MCCARTHY HAS RE-
PEATEDLY BEEN RECOGNIZED AS ONE THE NATIONS
SAFEST CONTRACTORS. KEVIN CAN BE REACHED
AT (770) 980-8183 OR KKUNTZ@MCCARTHY.COM. MORE INFORMATION
ABOUT MCCARTHY IS AVAILABLE ON LINE AT WWW.MCCARTHY.COM.
STUDIO
THE MCCARTHY TEAM USED A NUMBER OF ECO-FRIENDLY CONSTRUCTION METHODS AND MATERIALS, INCLUDING THE
INCORPORATION OF A PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM. PHOTO COURTESY OF MCCARTHY BUILDING COMPANIES.

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www.EDCmag.com 75
Buildings Shall Be Capable Of
WHY SOME BUILDINGS ARE FALLING SHORT OF THEIR TRUE POTENTIAL AND WHAT TO DO ABOUT IT.
By James D. Qualk, LEED AP
STUDIO
It wasnt all that long ago when
sustainability was a term used
only by conservationists and
environmentalists. Today, sustain-
ability is a part of the discussion
in the design process of most
new buildings and in strategic
planning and budget meetings
for existing buildings around the
world. As requirements to define
and measure actual building per-
formance continue to emerge, the
question becomes what defines a
high-performance building? And
then, how do we measure it?
The phrase shall be capable
of is one that many of us, es-
pecially mechanical engineers
and building automa-
tion professionals,
are familiar with
when writing
the sequence of operations for
a buildings controls system.
Owners often ask that engi-
neers specify what a building
automation system shall be
capable of in terms of opera-
tions or performance. But just
because a buildings automa-
tion system is capable of doing
something doesnt necessarily
ensure that a particular opera-
tion will be properly utilized (if
utilized at all) once a building
is up and running. As a result,
many buildings are capable of
operating more efficiently than
they actually do.
A day-to-day example is the
purchase of software thats
intended to revolutionize the op-
erations of a company but never
gets used to that end because
of a lack of accountability and
staff training (i.e., we have
this great new sales-tracking
software, but because it
takes a little effort and
staff resource to fully
understand and utilize
the system, weve only
used it to house contact
information for the past
12 months).
An unfortunate fact of
life in the world of build-
ing operations is that this
idea expands far beyond
building-automation sys-
tems to the entire build-
ing itself. The idea that a
new or existing building
can be capable of using
very little, if any, grid en-
ergy or water while serv-
ing as a healthy place for
people to live and work is
now commonplace. But
this is just one of many
ways that buildings still fall short
of their true potential.
What About LEED?
The U.S. Green Building Councils
LEED rating system has brought
the industry a long way by
providing a third-party verifica-
tion tool that allows design and
operation professionals to set
goals and measure achievement
across multiple project types
located anywhere in the country.
Before LEED, many project teams
sought to lessen the environ-
mental or negative health
impacts of buildings. However,
those efforts were often isolated
to strategies that include renew-
able energy production or prod-
ucts with minimal environmental
impact. A holistic approach was
generally not taken, and true
verification of the desired results
did not exist for most projects
claiming to be green.
While LEED certification is
utilized far more now than in
previous years, the potential it
provides is still rarely maximized.
Because LEED is a holistic ap-
proach that allows project teams
to select priorities across five
separate environmental catego-
ries, a particular building might
not actually choose to push the
limits of energy efficiency at all. A
project can still become LEED cer-
tified if all prerequisites are met
and enough points are accumu-
lated in sustainable sites, water ef-
ficiency, materials and resources,
and indoor environmental quality
categories with few or none hav-
ing been achieved in the energy
efficiency category.
Even if a buildings design
team chooses to push the limits
WHAT DEFI NES A HI GH-
PERFORMANCE BUI LDI NG? AND
THEN, HOW DO WE MEASURE I T?
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 76
STUDIO
of energy efficiency in design, that effort only
sets up the proper conditions for a building
to operate efficiently. It also takes a willing-
ness on behalf of the building operator and
its occupants to truly realize those energy
savings. During the design phase, its definitely
worthwhile to consider using an energy model
to drive the decision-making process related
to energy-consuming systems rather than just
demonstrating compliance with ASHRAE 90.1
requirements. While an energy model is the
best tool in helping the design team to make
well-informed energy savings, most decisions
still dont properly use the model for design
assistance early in the process.
Additionally, measurement and verification
efforts arent making the proper connection
between design and construction strategies to
the operations phase of a buildings life. Staff
training at the turnover of a building is usually
far from comprehensive and often fails to fully
communicate the building as one large system
a system whose performance naturally
degrades over time, even if a thorough preven-
tative maintenance program is implemented.
One of the best investments an owner can
make in the construction of a building is in
various meters and submeters for utilities. A
properly metered building can tell an owner
exactly where and how energy or any other
utility is being used. As a result, operations
staff will then have the ability to avoid equip-
ment problems before they occur, or at least
early in a failure mode.
Think of a building like a car just because
you provide your car with optimum main-
tenance doesnt mean that the parts wont
eventually wear out and need replacing. A
building is no different. However, proper
maintenance means that it can operate at
maximum efficiency and wear out at a slower
rate. Still, existing-building commissioning
services that combat performance decay are
rarely used when in many cases preventative
maintenance measures are struggling to gain
proper implementation.
Above all else, an integrated approach to
design, construction and operations doesnt
occur often enough. This leaves the necessary
connections between the design process and
operations of buildings minimized, with very
little input from future staff that will ultimately
be responsible for operating and managing the
costs of a building throughout its useful life.
Theres Still Hope
Nevertheless, there are individual success
stories that prove we can do better and
on a much larger scale. As an industry, we
know what its going to take to further re-
duce the impact buildings have on the en-
vironment as well as their cost to build and
operate. By properly using tools and strate-
gies that are available today, significant
opportunities to reduce a facilitys energy
consumption are here now. So while we
need to know what our buildings should
be capable of, we also need to ask how we
plan to execute those capabilities.

JAMES D.QUALK, LEED AP, IS VICE PRESIDENT
OF SSRCX, A WHOLLY OWNED DIVISION OF
ENGINEERING DESIGN AND FACILITY CONSULTING
FIRM SMITH SECKMAN REID INC. HE LECTURES
IN THE CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF
VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY REGARDING SUSTAIN-
ABILITY AND CONSTRUCTION AND ALSO AT LIPSCOMB UNIVERSITY IN
THE INSTITUTE FOR SUSTAINABLE PRACTICE REGARDING RENEWABLE
ENERGY. READ HIS BLOG AT WWW.EDCMAG.COM/ARTICLES/BLOG.
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ed+c NOVEMBER 10 78
Whats Missing?
THE ALPHABET SOUP OF FEDERAL SUSTAINABILITY REQUIREMENTS REQUIRES EDUCATION.
By Scott DeGaro, CCCA, LEED AP BD+C | O+M
STUDIO
In the Federal Governments
often confusing and seemingly
unrelated world of acronyms and
regulations, names such as EPAct,
EISA, FSRIA, RCRA, CFR, CBECS
and dozens of others all impose
requirements on projects regard-
ing sustainability. This alphabet
soup of acronyms is meant to
reduce the overall environmental
footprint of the nations biggest
energy consumer, buildings. Each
and every one of these regulations
has their purpose and useful place
in projects, from the design and
construction of new multimillion
dollar facilities to operations and
maintenance of existing facilities.
However, while these well-
intentioned regulations often
overlap, they are different enough
to cause confusion.
For example, one regulation
requires a 15 percent reduction in
energy usage compared to a 2003
agency baseline, while another
requires a 30 percent energy cost
reduction compared to ASHRAE
90.1-2004. Still another is often inter-
preted to require a 30 percent cost
reduction over ASHRAE 90.1-2007,
while another requires a 55 percent
reduction in carbon-based fossil fuel
generated energy consumption.
The most frequently asked
question is: What are the actual
requirements based upon? Is it
usage, cost, a building baseline,
an agency baseline, a 2003
baseline, a 2004 baseline, a 2007
baseline or fossil fuel usage?
The simple answer is: There isnt
a single clear answer theyre
all required. These differing yet
related regulations build on the
groundwork of the sustainability
rating systems, but lack one key
ingredient education.
Professional credential-
ing offered by rating systems
mostly focuses on the obviously
important aspect of ensuring a
professional understanding of
the rating system and related
documentation. However, the
credentialing process lacks the
key characteristic of showing that
the credential holder possesses
the appropriate knowledge of
sustainability outside of that
particular system or the ability to
share that knowledge with the
rest of his or her team.
Education
For those whose primary job is
sustainability, the biggest part of
said job description even before
documentation needs to be
education. The larger the quantity
of requirements, and the more
variation that exists in the require-
ments, means that more education
is required. While team members
may have expertise in specific
aspects of design, they may not
have the detailed expertise and
understanding required to coor-
dinate the differing and changing
requirements. The sustainability
professional needs to be the per-
son that ties everything together
while guiding the process.
Agencies that are responsible
for implementing these regulations
generally have a small core team of
experts which understands the nu-
ances of each regulation, how they
interact with each other and when
to apply them. This is also the group
thats typically tasked with identify-
ing how each agency will comply
with the overall requirements.
Because of the sheer volume of
projects that each agency is respon-
sible for, one of the requirements
that the federal regulations need
to start including is education
specifically for those representing
the government and related con-
sultants. Education would aid the
standardization of requirements
and greatly reduce confusion. It
could also prevent the inclusion of
inappropriate requirements.
Sustainability as a
Discipline
The widespread adoption of the
International Green Construction
Code and ASHRAE 189.1 will help
usher in a new era where sustain-
ability develops into what it is
already becoming: its own dis-
cipline responsible for ensuring
the next generation of projects is
as sustainable as possible, while
hopefully increasing the level and
specialization of the new breed of
sustainability professionals.
Sustainability has clearly de-
veloped the need to be treated as
a specialized discipline weve
reached the dawn of this inde-
pendent and integral discipline;
but weve also reached a plateau.
For sustainability to move for-
ward, it must involve a process
where education, specialization
of sustainability professionals and
the independence of sustainabil-
ity professionals are integrated
into the current process.
SCOTT DEGARO, CCCA, LEED
AP BD+C | O+M, IS A SUS-
TAINABILITY ADMINISTRA-
TOR FOR BARGE WAGGONER
SUMNER AND CANON INC.
(BWSC). HIS EXPERTISE IS
IN GOVERNMENT PROJECTS AND APPLYING SUS-
TAINABILITY MEASURES AND LEED TO COMPLY
WITH STATE AND FEDERAL MANDATES. VISIT
WWW.BARGEWAGGONER.COM.
EDUCATI ON WOULD AI D
THE STANDARDI ZATI ON OF
REQUI REMENTS AND GREATLY
REDUCE CONFUSI ON AND
PREVENT THE I NCLUSI ON OF
I NAPPROPRI ATE REQUI REMENTS.
Sometimes its hard
to be good.
Sometimes its easy.

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Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) and the Sustainable Forestry Initiative (SFI) have
certied over 450 million acres in North America to their standards for sustainable forest
management. That means supporting sustainable forestry by choosing certied wood
products has never been easier. Its a simple choice that you can feel good about.
Be good.
Choose certied wood from British Columbia.
www.naturallywood.com/edc
ed+c OC TOBER 10 80
Part I: A Call for IT and
Communications Systems
to Go Green
The building industry has taken giant leaps
toward sustainability in most areas, but it
has neglected to recognize the role IT and
communications systems play in a buildings
energy expenditure. Until every building
component is considered for its efficiency,
we cant consciously say were giving a
green building to society. From owners and
technology designers to rating systems like
LEED, its high time for IT and communica-
tions systems to go green. (See ED+C Octo-
ber 2010 pages 30-31 for the full article.)
We live in an era of ever-evolving com-
munications systems. With high usage
requirements and technological innovation
doubling every two years, efficient comput-
ers, servers and voice and data systems
with higher bandwidths are in constant
demand. According to the U.S. Energy
Information Administration (EIA-Table E5A),
U.S. buildings spend as much as 66 billon
kilowatt-hours annually on communications
equipment like computers, servers, copiers,
fax machines, cash registers and more.
The short life cycle and significant demand
makes IT and communications systems ripe for
standardization. From head-end equipment
like switches and servers to end-user equip-
ment including computers, phones and fax
machines, regulating the energy use and car-
bon footprint of these building components is
just as crucial as that of their fellow mechani-
cal, electrical and plumbing (MEP) systems.
Tomorrows IT and communications
designs must not only meet the demands
of higher performance but they must do so
a way that is cost-effective and energy effi-
cient as well. Only when we begin to design
to this standard will we be able to effectively
decrease the energy consumption caused by
communications equipment and deliver true
green buildings to society.
Communicating
Sustainability Part II
STANDARDIZING GREEN GUIDELINES FOR IT AND COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS.
By Gislene D. Weig, RCDD
STUDIO
www.EDCmag.com 81
Green Standards and Guidelines
IT and communications equipment and their systems can meet a
variety of already-established sustainable criteria. Hypothetically
speaking, if these systems were to meet LEED rating system criteria,
they would follow the same pattern as a buildings MEP systems with
similar categories, including Energy and Atmosphere, Materials and
Resources Selection, Indoor Environmental Quality and Innovation
and Design Process. Heres how.
Energy and Atmosphere (EA)
In order to reduce the environmental and economic impacts
associated with excessive energy use, IT and communications
systems design should:
Maximize active port usage by unplugging unused ports at the
switch level. This will result in fewer active electronics, cutting
energy consumption and operational costs. (LEED EA, Prerequisite
2: Minimum energy performance required and EAc1 Optimize Energy
Performance)
When permitted, include an automatic procedure to turn off serv-
ers, switches and PCs when they are not in use. Like occupancy
sensors and electric lighting, PCs can be programmed to turn off
when not in use. (LEED EA, Prerequisite 2: Minimum energy perfor-
mance required and EAc1 Optimize Energy Performance)
Select switches, servers, PCs and other electronic components
that are energy efficient. (LEED EA, Prerequisite 2: Minimum energy
performance required and EAc1 Optimize Energy Performance)
Share switches when possible, resulting in fewer switches that need
to be powered and cooled. Traditionally, analog systems like secu-
rity, phone and community antenna television were kept on a sepa-
rate network. As these systems merge into IP networks, that is no
longer required. All systems (data, phone, security and community
antenna television) may run on the same network and switch. For
enterprises that are running IP networks for all their systems, avoid
separating switches by department to maximize switch efficiency.
For example, on a college campus, Department A uses 10 ports of
one 48-port switch and Department B uses 12 ports of another 48-
port switch. Thats two switches powered, each only consuming 25
percent of its capacity. Instead, by combining both departments to
use 22 ports of a 48-port switch, only one switch will be powered,
using just 46 percent capacity, cutting energy consumption and
operational costs. (LEED EA, Prerequisite 2: Minimum energy perfor-
mance required and EAc1 Optimize Energy Performance)
When these strategies are included in the design stage, they can
figure into whole building energy simulation and analysis, adding to
the buildings projected energy savings from day one.
Materials and Resources Selection (MR)
In order to conserve resources and reduce the environmental
impact of new buildings as they relate to material manufacturing and
transportation, IT and communications systems design should:
Utilize pre-cut and pre-connected cables to decrease onsite waste
and installation time. This, however, will require engineering exact
cable lengths prior to construction, which can be challenging.
(LEED MR, Credit 2: Construction waste management)
Eliminate abandoned in-place cables and remove unused conduits for
better airflow and less obstruction, resulting in less power required
to run an efficient HVAC system. Limit the amount of cables within
cabinets to prevent airflow blockage. Secure cables tightly to keep
them organized. (LEED MR, Credit 2: Construction Waste Management)
Recycle electronic equipment and cables as they become outdat-
ed. Choose vendors with material and recycling programs already
in place. (LEED MR, Credit 3: Materials Reuse)
Select equipment vendors with local distribution to reduce travel
distance during the shipping/delivery process. (LEED MR, Credit 5:
Regional Materials)
Strategically place the telecom room as close to the center of the
floor served as possible to minimize conduit runs and cable lengths.
Shorter cable runs result in higher-performance transmission.
To extend and future proof the general life cycle of IT and com-
munications infrastructure, install the higher performance cabling
from day one. For example, the transmission for Category 5 cabling
is up to 100 MHz, while that of Category 6 is 250 MHz, but the price
difference is insignificant. Upgrading to Category 6, in this case,
will eliminate unnecessary cable waste and construction in the
future while providing flexibility for immediate systems growth.
Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)
In order to improve the indoor air quality (IAQ) and promote
occupancy comfort in each building space, IT and communications
design should utilize cables that are manufactured to be RoHS
(Restriction on the use of Hazardous Substances) compliant and low
VOC (volatile organic compounds). Cables without this certification
may contain materials that are hazardous to humans in case of a
fire. (Although LEED does not specifically address cables and cable
coatings per se, their VOC content can impact indoor air quality, and
therefore, this principal could fall under the LEED IEQ, Credit 4: Low
Emitting Materials credit.)
Innovation and Design Process (ID)
Innovative sustainable IT and communications systems design will
employ server virtualization, allowing multiple applications to run
on a single server. Typically, an enterprise running 10 applications
will have 10 different supporting servers, plus additional servers for
redundancy. Similar to the switch example earlier, each application
server is hypothetically running at only 20 percent of its capacity.
With server virtualization, multiple applications can be run through
a single server, increasing its capacity. Fewer servers will ultimately
demand less power, less cooling and require less space. The chal-
lenges of server virtualization include configuration and layering the
applications on one server efficiently and with appropriate security.
(LEED ID Credit 1: Innovation in Design)
Implementing these and more cost-effective, energy-efficient, low-
latency solutions for IT and communications systems will push the
envelope of tomorrows green building design without compromis-
ing the need for higher bandwidth and high performance.
GISLENE WEIG, RCDD, IS A SENIOR ENGINEER/ASSOCIATE AT SYSKA HENNESSY
GROUPS LOS ANGELES OFFICE. WEIG IS RESPONSIBLE FOR ALL LEVELS OF COMMU-
NICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE INCLUDING THE DESIGN, PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTA-
TION OF LOW-VOLTAGE TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS FOR NEW AND EXISTING
BUILDINGS. HER EXPERIENCE SPANS MANY MARKET SECTORS, INCLUDING HOSPITALS,
EDUCATION, AIRPORTS, HOTELS, SPORTS ARENAS AND MORE. VISIT WWW.SYSKA.COM.
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 82
Thats My Property!
WHAT BUILDING PROFESSIONALS NEED TO KNOW ABOUT PATENTS.
By Ryan L. Marshall and Steven P. Shurtz
STUDIO
Economic pressures continue to affect modern building design and con-
struction. Buildings today must provide greater functionality, consume less
energy and produce less waste while still being aesthetically appealing.
Innovations developed to achieve these goals are frequently the subject
of patent protection. Yet, many building professionals are unaware of patent
issues. They need to be aware of patent laws that affect modern building
practices, including green technologies. Consider the following scenario.
A developer hires a team of architects, engineers and contractors to build
a LEED-certified office building with the latest in energy, water and waste
conservation technologies using green building materials. A subcontractor
responsible for the buildings wallboards uses a low-bid supplier who pro-
vides drywall made of recycled fiber and a modified gypsum material. A year
later, the building owner, architects, engineers, contractors and subcontrac-
tor are sued for infringing a patent covering the wallboard material.
Even though some or all of the individuals and companies involved in
this scenario may not have infringed any patents, they may be a party to the
litigation, and the costs to defend a patent claim can easily reach a million
dollars. It is prudent, therefore, to be aware of patent issues and how infringe-
ment issues can be avoided.
Patent Rights in Building Patents
Technology companies are innovating several aspects of modern buildings
to meet todays needs. Here are a few examples: high-efficiency windows
(U.S. Patent No. 7,278,241), eco-friendly floor materials (U.S. Patent No.
7,354,656), multi-channeled skylights (U.S. Patent No. 7,234,279), dwelling
configurations (U.S. Patent No. 7,237,361), and shingle designs (U.S. Design
Patent No. D611,620). All of these innovations are protected with patents.
A patent is an exclusive right granted by the government to an inventor for
a limited period of time in exchange for public disclosure of a new, useful and
nonobvious process, machine, article of manufacture, or composition of mat-
ter, or any new and useful improvement thereof. Patent owners can exclude
others from making, using, offering to sell and selling the patented invention
or importing the invention into the U.S. Conversely, a patent does not give its
owner a guarantee that they are not infringing someone elses patent rights.
There are two basic types of patents applicable to building technologies.
The first type is a utility patent. Utility patents cover machines, processes,
articles of manufacture and compositions of matter. They are enforceable for
a period of 20 years from their earliest filing date.
The second type is a design patent. Design patents protect the ornamental
appearance of an article not its functionality. They are enforceable for a peri-
od of 14 years from their issue date. While design patents are less expensive than
utility patents and issue much sooner, they are often easier to design around.
Patent Infringement in Green Tech Buildings
When considering what a patent covers, one looks to the patent claims. In-
fringement occurs if all of the elements of at least one patent claim are found
in an accused product or method. If a single element is absent, then there is
no infringement.
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But, patent infringement occurs in a variety of
ways. Direct infringement occurs when someone
makes, uses, sells, offers to sell or imports the inven-
tion without permission from the patent owner. For
example, a person selling a building material which
has all of the elements of a patent claim can directly
infringe the patent. A contractor who installs that
building material and the building owner can be
direct infringers, too.
Indirect infringement occurs when someone
actively encourages or induces another to make,
use, sell, offer to sell or import the invention. For
example, an architect who directs someone to use
the infringing building material can be liable for
indirect infringement.
An individual or company who knowingly sells or
supplies an item for which the only use is covered
by a patent claim, such as a subcomponent usable
only in a patented device or method, can be liable
for contributory infringement.
Statement of Ownership, Management, and Circulation (Requester Publications Only)
Publication Detail
Publication Name ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN +CONSTRUCTION
Publication Number 16698
ISSN 10958932
Filing Date 09/28/2010
Issue Frequency M
Number of Issues Published Annually 12
Annual Subscription Price 104.00
Complete Mailing Address of Known Office of Publication 2401 W BIG BEAVER RD
STE 700
TROY, OAKLAND, MI 48084-3333
Contact Person CATHERINE M RONAN
Telephone (248) 244-8259
Complete Mailing Address of Headquarter or General Business Office of Publisher 2401 W BIG BEAVER RD
STE 700
TROY, MI 48084-3333
Publisher (Name and complete mailing address) DIANA BROWN
2401 W BIG BEAVER RD STE 700
TROY, MI 48084-3333
Editor (Name and complete mailing address) MICHELLE HUCAL
TROY, MI 48084-3333
Managing Editor (Name and complete mailing address) DERRICK TEAL
TROY, MI 48084-3333
Owner
Line Full Name Complete Mailing Address
1 BNP MEDIA 2401 W BIG BEAVER RD STE 700, TROY, MI 48084-3333
2 TAGGART E HENDERSON 2401 W BIG BEAVER RD STE 700, TROY, MI 48084-3333
3 HARPER T HENDERSON 2401 W BIG BEAVER RD STE 700, TROY, MI 48084-3333
4 MITCHELL L HENDERSON 2401 W BIG BEAVER RD STE 700, TROY, MI 48084-3333
Known Bondholders, Mortgagees, Other Security Holders
Line Full Name Complete Mailing Address
Tax Status Has Not Changed During Preceding 12 Months
Publication Title ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN +CONSTRUCTION
Issue Date for Circulation Data Below 09/01/2010
Extend and Nature of Circulation
Average No. Copies Each
Issue During Preceding 12
Months
No. Copies of Single Issue
Published Nearest to Filing
Date
Total Number of Copies (net press run) 23237 22616
Outside County Paid/Requested Mail Subscriptions stated on PS Form3541. (Include direct
written request fromrecipient, telemarketing and Internet requests fromrecipient, paid
subscriptions including nominal rate subscriptions, employer requests, advertiser's proof
copies, and exchange copies.) 16968 17992
In-County Paid/Requested Mail Subscriptions stated on PS Form3541. (Include direct written
request fromrecipient, telemarketing and Internet requests fromrecipient, paid subscriptions
including nominal rate subscriptions, employer requests, advertiser's proof copies, and
exchange copies.) 0 0
Sales through Dealers and Carriers, Street Vendors, Counter Sales, and Other Paid or
Requested Distribution Outside USPS 72 75
Requested Copies Distributed by Other Mail Classes Through the USPS (e.g. First-Class
Mail) 0 0
Total Paid and/or Requested Circulation 17040 18067
Outside County Nonrequested Copies stated on PS Form3541 (include Sample copies,
Requests Over 3 years old, Requests induced by a Premium, Bulk Sales and Requests
including Association Requests, Names obtained fromBusiness Directories, Lists, and other
soruces) 5001 3971
In-County Nonrequested Copies stated on PS Form3541 (include Sample copies, Requests
Over 3 years old, Requests induced by a Premium, Bulk Sales and Requests including
Association Requests, Names obtained fromBusiness Directories, Lists, and other soruces) 0 0
Nonrequested Copies Distributed Through the USPS by Other Classes of Mail (e.g. First-
Class Mail, Nonrequestor Copies mailed in excess of 10%Limit mailed at Standard Mail or
Package Services Rates) 0 0
Nonrequested Copies Distributed Outside the Mail (include Pickup Stands, Trade Shows,
Showrooms and Other Sources) 491 0
Total Nonrequested Distribution 5492 3971
Total Distribution 22532 22038
Copies not Distributed 704 578
Total 23236 22616
Percent Paid and/or Requested Circulation 75.63 81.98
Publication of Statement of Ownership Publication of this statement will be printed in the NOVEMBER, 2010 issue of this publication
Signature and Title of Editor, Publisher, Business Manager, or Owner RONA2C (Catherine Ronan)
Date 09/28/2010
Version PS Form3526, September 2007
There are two remedies for patent infringe-
ment. One remedy is monetary damages which
may include the patent owners lost profits or a
reasonable royalty for the infringing goods or
processes. An infringers profits may also be in-
cluded in the damage award for design patent in-
fringement. And if the infringer was aware of the
infringement and simply disregarded any patent
rights, courts can triple the damage award.
Another remedy is an injunction. Courts can
order infringers to refrain from infringing activity,
such as halting building construction.
Reducing Infringement Risk
While any business venture has risks, wise
building professionals identify unacceptable
risks and take steps to avoid them. Here are a
few good practices that building professionals
can consider to avoid patent infringement and
ameliorate the risks.
STUDIO
First, building professionals should be aware
of patent issues. Understanding patents, their
operation and how issues can arise in a building
project will enable the professional the oppor-
tunity to sidestep problems before they happen.
Make sure other people in your organization are
also educated about potential patent issues.
Second, the sooner patents are identified that
bear upon some design or building feature, the
easier it is to design around the patent or obtain a
license. Adopt a patent identification procedure.
Ask bidders and suppliers to identify patents that
cover their products or processes. Watch for a
patent number or patent pendingon products
you plan to use and competing products. If
patent markings are found, search for patents
and pending patent applications held by the
company who made the product. Monitor patent
filings by that company since patent applicants
frequently amend their patent claims during the
patent procurement process, resulting in nar-
rower, easier-to-design-around patents.
Third, shift patent infringement risk by obtain-
ing contract indemnity. Indemnities are com-
monly assumed by the party who is in the best
position to know about and avoid a potential
problem. In the scenario above, the wallboard
subcontractor could indemnify the contractor
against the risk that the drywall it uses infringes
a patent. Likewise, the subcontractor can ask the
supplier to indemnify the subcontractor.
An indemnity is only as effective as the financial
solvency of the indemnifying party. Thus, even if
a general contractor obtains an indemnity from a
subcontractor, if that subcontractor is without the
financial means to defend against or pay for an
infringement award, the contractor may still have
to defend a lawsuit and pay the entire award.
Fourth, you should consider insurance policies
that will protect you and your company against
patent infringement claims.
Fifth, develop your own intellectual property.
Engineers, architects and builders often confront
challenges when designing and implementing
features identified by their clients. When the solu-
tions to those problems are not obvious, those
solutions may qualify for patent protection. Use
employment agreements to address obligations
of employees to assign invention rights to their
employer for inventions developed within their
work assignments. Remember, however, that
obtaining a patent does not guarantee that your
invention does not infringe someone elses patent.
Those building professionals who learn about
intellectual property issues will be better suited
to avoid patent litigation and find success from
capitalizing on their own innovative solutions.
A competent patent attorney can help you with
these issues.
RYANL. MARSHALL IS ANASSOCIATE AND STEVENP. SHURTZ IS A PARTNER AT
THE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAWFIRMBRINKS HOFER GILSON&LIONE IN
SALT LAKE CITY. THEY CANBE CONTACTED AT (801) 355-7900, RMARSHALL@
USEBRINKS.COMOR SSHURTZ@USEBRINKS.COM.
Whats in a name?
A promise.
My family has been in the lumber business for
four generations and weve been committed to
sustainable forest management since 1940.
Ive been a lumber grader, a forester, a management
trainee and a project specialist. As a land-based
company, were committed to the places where
we operate. By nurturing the forests and
communities that provide our natural and
human resources, we intend to serve our customers
for generations to come.
Terry Collins, Forester, Collins Almanor Forest
Collins Pine FreeForm

NAUF, CARB Phase 2 certified
Collins Pine Particleboard

Industrial and commercial
Collins Softwood Lumber
Dimension, common and industrial grades,
slicing flitches
Collins Hardwood Lumber
Millwork and dimension, veneer logs
Collins Pacific Albus

Plantation hardwood lumber
TruWood

Siding & Trim

Engineered wood
Information and Sales at CollinsWood.com
Lee Jimerson 503.471.2266 ljimerson@collinsco.com
USGBC Conference & Expo November 17-19
McCormick West, Chicago, Booth 444
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 86
Good Wood
CERTIFIED WOOD DRIVES CONSERVATION.
By Corey Brinkema
OPINION
By almost any measure, the
advancements in green build-
ing during the past 10 years
have been stunning. LEED has
literally reshaped definitions of
whats possible, giving rise to a
large and growing community
of visionaries pushing beyond
limits set only years before.
And the positive impacts for
the planet have been sig-
nificant. For forests specifically,
green building (and especially
the Certified Wood credit in
LEED) has been an important
conservation driver. By set-
ting a standard like FSC as the
standard for the Certified Wood
credit, LEED is mobilizing mar-
ket forces to greatly improve
forest management across the
United States and Canada, and
even overseas.
This is not a coincidence.
Rather, it is the USGBC mission
to transform the way buildings
and communities are designed,
built and operated, enabling an
environmentally and socially re-
sponsible, healthy, and prosper-
ous environment that improves
the quality of life.
The FSC and LEED
LEED and FSC support local
jobs and domestic wood use
in a variety of ways. With LEED
as a primary motivator, FSC-
certified forestland in the U.S.
has reached 33 million acres
(130 million in North America).
And more than 40,000 Ameri-
can family forest owners have
achieved FSC certification and
are directly participating in the
growing green marketplace.
LEEDs Regional Materials
credit provides added benefit
by awarding points for wood
and other materials that are
locally produced.
FSC-certified forest landown-
ers of all types and sizes believe
that where we use forests, we
have a responsibility to use
them well. And they know that
compliance with a world-class
standard will tend to drive eco-
nomic development and confer
competitive advantage in both
the short and long term.
Wood has a robust, fully
mature system to certify en-
vironmentally sound, socially
beneficial and economically
prosperous management. And
I believe FSC is the system with
the credibility and integrity to
bring value to the LEED program.
Future of the Wood Credit
A core question, how to
recognize and reward innova-
tion over the status quo in
LEED, will be answered in the
2012 revision of the program.
Nowhere is this concern more
visible right now than in the
forest products arena, where
the Certified Wood credit has
undergone four rounds of com-
ment and revision.
I close with a challenge to the
USGBC membership: Keep LEED
strong. In fact, consider making
it even stronger by tying certi-
fication to actual performance,
as the Living Building Challenge
does.A robust Certified Wood
credit has been and continues
to be one of the principal driv-
ers for healthy forest ecosys-
tems in North America and
around the world.
The opinions expressed above are those of the
author and do not necessarily represent the
views of this magazine.
COREY BRINKEMA IS PRESI-
DENT, FOREST STEWARDSHIP
COUNCIL US. READ MORE
ONLINE IN HIS BLOG KEEP
GOOD WOOD IN LEED AT
WWW.EDCMAG.COM.
Resources
Learn about FSC and green building:
www.fscus.org/green_building
Search for FSC retailers:
www.fscus.org/productsearch/retailers
Learn about FSCs principles and criteria
for forest management:
www.fscus.org/standards_criteria
FSC by the numbers
3,900 companies certified in the U.S.
18,000 companies certified worldwide
39,000 U.S. families with certified woodlots
33,000,000 acres certified in the U.S.
130,000,000 acres certified in North America
330,000,000 acres certified worldwide
FSC:
Protects water quality: FSC specifies ex-
panded protection for rivers, lakes and
other water bodies from direct impacts,
erosion and chemical runoff where
laws or industry-based best manage-
ment guidelines are insufficient to
protect water quality.
Prohibits highly hazardous chemicals: FSC
prohibits the use of some of the most
hazardous pesticides, herbicides and
other chemicals that are still widely used
in the U.S. and Canada.
Limits clearcuts to protect forest ecology:
FSC requires that ecological functions and
values remain intact after harvest. Large
clearcuts are not allowed where they threat-
en the ecological integrity of the forest.
Protects high conservation value forests,
such as rare old growth: FSC has clear
requirements to protect high conserva-
tion value forests. In areas where old
growth is rare, the extent and values
associated with old growth are strictly
protected in an FSC-certified forest.
Prevents loss of natural forest cover: FSC
restricts deforestation, including the
conversion of biodiversity-rich natural
forests to monoculture plantations or
non-forest uses.
Protects customary rights of indigenous
people and local communities: FSC ex-
plicitly requires forest managers to up-
hold and protect the customary rights
and resources of indigenous people.
And FSC ensures that forest managers
assess and address the impacts of for-
est operations on local communities.
Governs in a democratic and transparent
way: FSC is governed by an open mem-
bership (General Assembly) where inter-
ests are equally balanced by economic,
social and environmental chambers.

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S
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N
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T
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A
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A
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I L I T Y
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W
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O
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F
I
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R

F
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C
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I
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I
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Mother Nature Would Use
PA RTIC LEBOA RD & MDF PRODUC TS
SierraPine is the world leader in producing innovative and environmentally superior MDF and Particleboard
products. Depend on SierraPine for product consultation, including how to document your LEED
credits.
H
E
A
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T
H
Y

I
N
D
O
O
R

A
I
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Q
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I T Y
www.sierrapine.com ( 800) 676- 3339

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www.EDCmag.com 89
ADINDEX
To request free information from ED+C advertisers, simply go to
www.EDCmag.com/webcard and enter the corresponding circle
numbers listed below or fill out the card located after page 74.
Viewcompany information and product spec sheets in our GREEN Book at www.EDCmag.com/greenbook. First-time advertisers.
Advantix Systems
www.advantixsystems.com
Page 45 | Circle # 107
AHR Expo
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Page 88
American Hydrotech
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APCOR
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Armstrong Ceiling & Wall Systems
www.armstrong.com/freshgreens
Antron
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BASF Corporation
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Bluebeam Software, Inc.
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Butler Manufacturing
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The Cable Connection
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CBC Flooring
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Centria
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CertainTeed
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CertainTeed Gypsum
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CertainTeed Insulation
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ClimateMaster
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The Collins Companies
www.CollinsWood.com
Construction Specialties
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Dinoflex Group
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DuPont Sorona
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Flir Systems
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Forbo
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Forestry Innovation Investment
www.naturallywood.com/edc
Insulated Panel Group
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Invisible Structures, Inc.
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Johnson Controls
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Kalwall Corporation
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Kawneer Company, Inc.
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KI
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Mars Air Systems
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MBCI Group
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MechoShade
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Metal Construction Association
www.insulatedmetalpanels.org
Metl-Span
www.metlspan.com/corevalues
Mortar Net
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Mule Hide Products
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National Association of Home Builders
www.BuildersShow.com
NCFI Polyurethanes
www.insulstar.com/jmarshEDC
NEOPERL, Inc
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Nudura Corporation
www.nudura.com
PPG Pittsburgh Paints
www.ppgpittsburghpaints.com/green
Prosoco
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Sherwin-Williams
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SierraPine
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Sika Sarnafil
Page 48, 49 | Circle # 140, 164
Special-Lite
www.special-lite.com/sustain
Sustainable Forestry Initiative
www.sfiprogram.org
Tate Access Floors
www.tateaccessfloors.com
ToMarket
www.ToMkt.com
Tubelite, Inc.
www.tubeliteinc.com
US Floors
www.usfcontract.com
U.S. Green Building Council
www.usgbc.org/LEED
W.R. Meadows
www.wrmeadows.com
Waste Management
www.wm.com/construction
World of Concrete
www.worldofconcrete.com
Page 74
Xerxes
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ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION Volume 13, Issue 11 (ISSN 1095-8932) is published 12 times annually, monthly, by BNP Media II, L.L.C., 2401 W. Big Beaver Rd., Suite 700, Troy, MI 48084-3333. Telephone:
(248) 362-3700, Fax: (248) 362-0317. No charge for subscriptions to qualified individuals. Annual rate for subscriptions to nonqualified individuals in the U.S.A.: $104.00 USD. Annual rate for subscriptions to
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Printed in the U.S.A. Copyright 2010, by BNP Media II, L.L.C. All rights reserved. The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the consent of the publisher. The publisher is not
responsible for product claims and representations. Periodicals Postage Paid at Troy, MI and at additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to: ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN + CONSTRUCTION, P.O. Box 2148,
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When you are through with this magazine, please do not throw it away. There is no away. Please pass it on
to a friend or colleague who you think might appreciate, learn and/or be inspired by this information.
PARTING
With dramatic, eye-catching architecture, Los
Angeles debuted its first-ever high school for the
performing arts in September 2010.
In 2001, The Los Angeles Unified School District
hired a firm to design a traditional high school on a
limited budget. However, when philanthropist Eli
Broad became interested, he suggested an art magnet
school and agreed to assist financially. Through a com-
petition, Vienna-based studio Coop Himmelb(l)au was
selected as the architect in 2002, ultimately creating
a spectacular campus with three dramatic buildings
that look like sculptures (though some of the original
ideas from AC Martin & Partners were retained).
Comprised of four academies, with a classroom
building for each art discipline,the buildings come
together to form the
rectangular perimeter
of the schools interior
courtyards. Situated on
9.8 acres, the three focal
points are the theater,
the library and the lob-
by. The 950-seat theater
is topped with a tower and helix that surrounds the
tower in the shape of a sloping nine.The theater
is clad in Reynobond composite panels manufac-
tured by Alcoa Architectural Products featuring
InvariMatte, a non-reflective stainless steel finish
developed by Contrarian Metal Resources.
The library is cone shaped and slanted with a
large skylight that provides natural light as well as
an environment for focused learning. The shingles
of the library are InvariMatte and were fabricated
and installed by Custom Metal Fabricators Inc.
Noticeable features include large round win-
dows that offer glimpses of the activities from
the outside while maximizing natural light and
offering students visual contact with the city.The
main school entrance faces the community, lead-
ing to the courtyard and library with the tower and
theater in the background.
ed+c NOVEMBER 10 90
JIMHALLIDAY, PRESIDENT OF CONTRARIANMETAL RESOURCES ADDED,ASIDE FROMTHE HONOROF
HAVINGOURINVARIMATTE PRODUCT USEDAS AFEATUREDELEMENT ONTHIS ICONIC PROJECT, WE
ARE PLEASEDTHATWE COULDPARTICIPATE INSOMETHINGSOIMPORTANTTOTHE COMMUNITY.
Information courtesy of Jan Boston, Contrarian Metal Resources
www.metalresources.net.
PHOTOGRAPHER: TOM BONNER
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