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Global Warming Explained

Climate change is the single biggest environmental and humanitarian crisis of our time. The Earth's atmosphere is overloaded with heat-trapping carbon dioxide, which threatens large-scale disruptions in climate with disastrous consequences. We must act now to spur the adoption of cleaner energ sources at home and abroad.

An Introduction to Climate Change

What it could mean to you and your family


Climate change is changing our economy, health and communities in diverse ways. Scientists warn that if we do not aggressively curb climate change now, the results will likely be disastrous.

The Basics
Carbon dioxide and other global warming pollutants are collecting in the atmosphere like a thickening blanket, trapping the sun's heat and causing the planet to warm up. Although local temperatures fluctuate naturally, over the past 5 years the average global temperature has increased at the fastest rate in recorded history. Scientists say that unless we curb the emissions that cause climate change, average !.S. temperatures could be " to # degrees higher by the end of the century.

What it means to you


Climate change is a complex phenomenon, and its full$scale impacts are hard to predict far in advance. %ut each year scientists learn more about how climate change is affecting the planet and our communities, and most agree that certain conse&uences are likely to occur if current trends continue. 'n addition to impacting our water resources, energy supply, transportation, agriculture, and ecosystems, the !nited States (lobal Change )esearch *rogram concludes that climate change also poses uni&ue challenges to human health, such as+

Significant increases in the risk of illness and death related to extreme heat and heat waves are very likely. Some diseases transmitted by food, water, and insects are likely to increase.
Certain groups, including children, the elderly, and the poor, are most vulnerable to a range of climaterelated health effects.

,hese impacts will result in significant costs to our families and the economy.

Solutions
-ere's the good news+ technologies exist today to make cars that run cleaner and burn less gas, moderni.e power plants and generate electricity from nonpolluting sources, and cut our electricity use through energy efficiency. ,he challenge is to be sure these solutions are put to use. /)0C is tackling global warming on two main fronts 1 cutting pollution and expanding clean energy. ,ransitioning to a clean energy economy will bring new 2obs and reduce air pollution. 3e can4t afford to wait.

Take Action
3e can each play an important role in stopping climate change. !nfortunately, there is a lot of confusion about climate change. 5ou can help by being a voice for reason and common$sense. 6or detailed, point$by$point rebuttals to global warming naysayers,

Extreme Weather: Impacts of Climate Change


3hen it comes to connecting the dots between climate change, extreme weather and health, the lines are clear. ,he earth is saying something with record heat, drought, storms and fire. Scientists are telling us this is what global warming looks like.

It's time to listen

and take action! There's plenty "e can do!

Carbon pollution is the main reason our planet is getting hotter, increasing the chances of weather disasters, drought and flood and hurting our health. ,here are solutions. 6or starters, we can cut carbon pollution by reducing our dependence on fossil fuels and increasing our use of clean, renewable energy. And we can implement policies that help us prepare for flooding, drought, storms and other conse&uences of climate change. %ut first, we need national leadership that will stop ignoring what the earth and scientists are telling us about climate change $$ and instead start ignoring those who continue to deny it is happening.

7 336$*hilippines 8 9:rgen 6reund

,he *hilippines is considered as one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change. 3ith impacts ranging from extreme weather events and periodic inundation to droughts and food scarcity, climate change has been a constant reality that many 6ilipinos have had to face. ;ost affected are those living in coastal communities and the lower rung urban communities that lack awareness on proper disaster preparedness measures to take. As it is, climate change impacts have not only intensified from an imbalanced natural eco$system, but every onslaught has become unpredictable. 3364s Climate Change and <nergy *rogramme focuses its work on increasing the resiliency of vulnerable areas through local stakeholder engagement, capacity$building exercises, public$private cooperation and policy$making that paves the way for the implementation of the country4s /ational Climate Change Action *lan. 3orking with the *hilippine Climate Change Commission, the 0epartment of <nvironment and /atural )esources, the /ational <conomic and 0evelopment Authority, and other key agencies, we strive to ensure that adaptation measures are implemented on the ground.

Can mankind adapt to the changes in environment caused by global climate change? Will mankind be wise enough to protect our planet for future generations?
There are no easy answers to these questions, time for action is short, and our lifestyles must change. At issue is no less than the survival of our civilization.

Social #hallenges
The fundamental demographic disparity between the developed and the developing nations presents extremely difficult cultural, technical and moral challenges to any attempt to manage global climate change. For example, in 2 2 the !nternational "nergy Agency reported #$% that &.' billion people, or 2() of the worlds population, did not have access to electricity and 2.$ billion rely on primitive biomass for coo*ing and heating+ with dire economic, health, and environmental impacts.

En$ironmental #hallenges
The biological components of our environment have evolved in harmony with the physical and climatic surroundings. The presence, characteristics, structure and behavior of both individual organisms and co, assemblages, or communities, of organisms are largely determined by climate. The ability of natural

communities to adapt to changing climate, and nature of community change is of utmost importance to the survival of man.

Energy #hallenges
!t is indisputable that human combustion of fossil fuels for energy is causing global climate change that threatens the very survival of our civilization. !t is equally indisputable that our civilization is dependent upon cheap, reliable, and widely distributed energy for both mobile and stationary utilization. The obvious conclusion would be to decrease our reliance upon fossil fuels, and to see* energy from alternate sources. -ut neither solution is as simple, nor effective, as it appears.

%ational #hallenges
.limate change is real, the actions of man*ind are the origin of climate change, and there is no *now way to reverse climate change , we can only hope to slow the rate of change for the next several thousand years. These basic truths must be accepted by nations and form the basis for national policy.

Indi$idual #hallenges
The warming planet "arth needs our help/ The magnitude of 0lobal .limate .hange is so great that it might appear that any individual actions will be inconsequential, and to some extent that is quite true. 1owever acting collectively much can be accomplished. !ndividually, we should2

MOSES Tablet Code-named MOSESwhich stands for Mobile Operational System for Emergency Servicesyou're looking at a proudly ilipino-developed rugged tablet that will be used by local government units for disaster response and monitoring! "t's based on #ndroid and features an $-inch touch display% a dual-core muscle% a pair of cameras% and radio and &' tuners for accessing free-to-air news programs! &here are also two S"M card slots for making calls% sending(receiving SMS% and wireless "nternet access via )*! &he tablet's most noteworthy feature is its ability to interact with disaster-related government agencies and send firsthand reportscomplete with pictures% if necessaryduring calamities using customi+ed functions and preinstalled apps% such as ,ro-ect .O#/ and lood ,atrol! &he device is still in development0 bugs and interface concerns still need to be sorted out% but it could be ready by year's end% according to the pro-ect1s representatives! DREAM 2sing remote-sensing technology mounted on a light aircraft% 34E#Mor 3isaster 4isks and E5posure #ssessment for Mitigationprovides real-time% high-resolution )3 images that are used in creating computer-generated terrain models! &he models simulate weather scenarios and flood risks! 6y e5tension% 34E#M also serves as an effective early warning system for averting disasters brought by inclement weather% as seen when typhoon ,ablo devastated Cagayan de Oro but left no casualties in its trail! OL Trap &he Ovicidal(7arvicidal &rap is an easy-to-use but effective method for reducing dengue cases and transmissions! "t traps eggs and larvae of dengue-carrying mos8uitoes% dramatically reducing their population% and thereby decreasing the chance of people contracting dengue fever! 9hat's more% the O7 &rap is environment-friendly and non-to5ic% so it's safe to use even indoors! :its have been distributed to elementary and high schools around the country!

Practices of Science Improvisation in School


By Charles Pearson, eHow Contributor Teachers do not always have access to the resources needed to conduct science experiments.

'mprovisation is the act of creating something or using something in the absence of the ideal tool. Science teachers often try to teach students about scientific principles through the use of lab experiments, though they do not always have access to the resources needed to optimally perform experiments. 'nnovative teachers can use cheaper products to simulate experiments. ,eachers can also help students learn improvisation as an important life skill. ,eachers can work with students to come up with ways to improvise, forcing students to think critically about the scientific concepts underlying the devices.

&! Impro$isation Examples


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Schools in need of magnets can harvest them from broken microwaves and loudspeakers. ;agnets allow teachers to perform more experiments than any other type of e&uipment. Scientists use crucibles to heat li&uids, but these crucibles can be too expensive for most schools. %ut teachers can use crown bottle tops to heat li&uids at lower temperatures. 6ruits and electrodes can create electrochemical cells.,eachers can help students learn about air pressure through oil cans and students can learn about organic molecules using clay and toothpicks.

'arnessing the Surrounding En$ironment


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'mprovisation re&uires that teachers use resources available in the surrounding area. ,hose training teachers can hold workshops in the area and give teachers advice on using available resources to perform classroom experiments, especially in impoverished areas. 0espite having knowledge of the scientific principles, many teachers do not reali.e that they have plenty of resources available for lab experiments. =nce the teachers begin to understand the principles behind improvisation, they can begin improvising their own tools. Also, a lot of teachers lack confidence in their abilities to design their own experiments.

(ro$iding #oncrete Examples


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Students have a harder time understanding abstract scientific concepts when reading about them in a textbook. Concrete experiments help the students see how the scientific concepts work in reality. Also, some students are kinesthetic learners, meaning that they understand concepts better by doing than by being shown or told about the idea. ,hus, they will benefit from performing the experiments themselves. (iven how expensive the resources are, some teachers must have students share resources to save money. -owever, the act of sharing resources gives students the opportunity to engage in group work and develop teamwork skills.

Simulations
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Simulations allow students to visually understand complex science concepts when teachers cannot realistically re$create a concept due to financial constraints. Some simulations allow students to carry out actions that allow them to engage in kinesthetic learning. ,he simulations can also have audio descriptions for auditory learners.

ead more! http!""www.ehow.com"info#$%&''($#practices-science-improvisation-school.html)ix**+c ,,mn-h

;< #gapito lores = he is the inventor of florescent lamp!! because of him our 9orld has been more brighter!!=< >< ,edro lores = inventor of ?O-?O one of the most popular toy in the world &he word yo-yo is a &agalog word% the native language of the ,hilippines% and means 'come back!' "n the ,hilippines% the yo-yo was a weapon for over @AA hundred years! &heir version was large with sharp edges and studs and attached to thick twenty-foot ropes for flinging at enemies or prey! ,eople in the 2nited States started playing with the 6ritish bandalore or yo-yo in the ;$BAs! "t was not until the ;C>As that #mericans first heard the word yo-yo! ,edro lores% a ,hilippine immigrant% began manufacturing a toy labeled with that name! lores became the first person to mass-produce yo-yos% at his small toy factory located in California! 3uncan saw the toy% liked it% bought the rights from lores in ;C>C and then trademarked the name ?o-?o! )< 4oberto del 4osario = 4oberto del 4osario is the president of the &rebel Music Corporation and the inventor of the :araoke Sing #long System in ;CDE! 4oberto del 4osario has patented more than twenty inventions making him one of the most prolific ilipino inventor! 6esides his famous :araoke Sing #long System 4oberto del 4osario has also invented= &rebel 'oice Color Code F'CC< piano tuner's guide piano keyboard stressing device voice color tape! @< e del Mundo = "nventor of "ncubatorG e del Mundo% the first #sian to have entered the prestigious /arvard 2niversity's School of Medicine% is also credited for her studies that led to the invention of incubator and -aundice relieving device! 3el Mundo% an "nternational ,ediatric #ssociation F",#< awardee% is an alumna of the 2niversity of the ,hilippines F2,< College of Medicine! Since ;C@;% she has contributed more than ;AA articles to medical -ournals in the 2!S!% ,hilippines and "ndia! "n ;CBB% she received the Eli+abeth 6lackwell #ward% for her Houtstanding service to mankindH! "n ;CDD% she was bestowed the 4amon Magsaysay #ward for outstanding public service! E< Eduardo San Iuan = Moon 6uggy "nventorG ilipinos consider Eduardo San Iuan as the inventor of the 7unar 4over% or more popularly known as the Moon 6uggy! &he Moon 6uggy was the car used by .eil #rmstrong and other astronauts when they first e5plored the moon in ;CBC! Eduardo San Iuan% a graduate of Mapua "nstitute of &echnology FM"&<% worked for 7ockheed Corporation and conceptuali+ed the design of the Moon 6uggy that the #pollo astronauts used while in the moon! #s a .#S# engineer% San Iuan reportedly used his ilipino ingenuity to build a vehicle that would run outside the Earth's atmosphere! /e constructed his model using homemade materials! "n ;CD$% San Iuan received one of the &en Outstanding Men F&OM< awards in science and technology! San Iuan% however% was not listed as the inventor of the Moon 6uggy in #merican scientific -ournals! "t said the vehicle was designed and constructed by a group of space engineers! "n ,oland% the Moon 6uggy is attributed to a ,olish inventor! 9orse% the .ational #cademy of Science and &echnology F.#S&< does not recogni+e San Iuan in its roster of outstanding ilipino scientists! B< *regorio Jara = 'ideophone "nventorG3r! *regorio Jara of 7ipa City and a graduate of the Massachusetts "nstitute of &echnology invented the videophone and developed the Jara Effect or Electrical :inetic 4esistance! D< #belardo #guilar = Erythromycin F"loson brand antibiotic<G# ilipino scientist reportedly discovered erythromycin in ;C@C! /e was 3r! #belardo #guilar who died in ;CC) without being recogni+ed and rewarded for his discovery! 4eports said #guilar discovered the antibiotic from the #spergillus species of fungi in ;C@C and sent samples to "ndiana-based pharmaceutical firm Eli 7illy Co! &he drug firm allegedly registered the propriety name "loson for the antibiotic in honor of "loilo province where #guilar discovered it! "n ;CE>% Eli 7illy Co! began the commercial distribution of "loson% which was sold as an alternative to penicillin! Erythromycin% the generic name of "loson% was reportedly the first successful macrolide antibiotic introduced in the 2S! $< 3iosdado 6anatao = Single-chip graphical user interface acceleratorG 3iosdado 6anatao% a native of "guig% Cagayan and an electrical engineering graduate from Mapua "nstitute of &echnology in Manila is credited for eight ma-or contributions to the "nformation &echnology! 6anatao is most known for introducing the first single-chip graphical user interface accelerator that made computers work a lot faster and for helping develop the Ethernet controller chip that made "nternet possible! "n ;C$C% he pioneered the local bus concept for personal computers and in the following year developed the irst 9indows accelerator chip! "ntel is now using the chips and technologies developed by 6anatao! /e now runs his own semiconductor company% Mostron and Chips K &echnology% which is based in California's Silicon 'alley! FSource= ilipinas Maga+ine< C< Edgardo 'a+8ue+ = Modular /ousing "nventorG Edgardo 'a+8ue+ won a 9orld "ntellectual ,roperty Organi+ation F9",O< gold medal in ;CCE for developing a modular housing system! Such a system called 'a+built is reportedly capable of building within weeks a house with prefabricated materials that can withstand typhoons and earth8uakes! "ronically% 'as8ue+ is not getting enough support from the ,hilippine government to propagate his technology% which could help provide shelter to some five million ilipino families without their own homes! 'a+8ue+ is the national president of the ilipino "nventors Society! ;A< 4udy 7antano Sr = "nventor of uel ,roductsG"n ;CCB% 4udy 7antano Sr!% a scientist from the ,hilippine 3epartment of Science and &echnology F3OS&<%

won the 9orld "ntellectual ,roperty Organi+ation F9",O< gold medal for developing Super 6unker ormula-7% a revolutionary fuel halfcomposed of water! &he mi5 burns faster and emits pollutants% CE percent less than those released to the air by traditional fuel products! &he inventor said his invention is a result of blending new ingredients and additives with ordinary oil products through agitation and mi5ing% which is a very safe process! &he initial plan was to commercially produce two million liters of #lco-3iesel% two million liters of 7an-*as and an unlimited 8uantity of Super 6unker ormula-7 each day for customers in 7u+on!

;;< 4olando dela Cru+ = Mole 4emoverG"n >AAA% 4olando dela Cru+ developed an ingenuous formula that could easily remove deeply grown moles or warts from the skin without leaving marks or hurting the patient! /is formula was e5tracted from cashew nut F#nnacardium occidentale<% which is common in the ,hilippines! &he formula won for dela Cru+ a gold medal in "nternational "nvention% "nnovation% "ndustrial 3esign and &echnology E5hibition in :uala 7umpur in September >AAA! "n March ;CCD% dela Cru+ established 4CC #ma+ing &ouch "nternational "nc!% which runs clinics engaged Hin a non-surgical removal of warts% moles and other skin growths% giving the skin renewed energy and vitality without painful and costly surgery!H ;>< 3r! 'irgilio Malang = eminine /ygiene ,roduct "nventorG 3r! 'irgilio Malang won a gold medal for his invention H,sidium *ua-ava Effervescing *ynecological "nsertH% a silver medal for his H,atient Side-&urning /ospital 6edH% and three bon+e medals for his inventions He5ternal vaginal cleanserH% Hlight refracting earpickH% and Hbroom's way of hangingH at the Seoul "nternational air in held South :orea in 3ecember >AA>! &here were )$E inventions from )A countries that -oined the competitions!

Famous Scientists "t is very hard to even think about the state of early man of earth when he had no home% no instruments or weapons% and no clothes! Man% unlike other living beings% has a more active and functional brain! /owever% his brain is not the sole factor which has made him far more progressive% advanced and developed than any other animal! &he first invention of man is said to be a primitive tool which consisted of a split stone and served a wide range of purposes! #fter this basic tool% man prepared the hand a5e% knife% and many other tools and instruments! #ll these discoveries and inventions led to the evolution of human civili+ation! &he word LScienceM is derivative of the 7atin word LScientiaM which means knowledge! Science is probably the most important and helpful sub-ect of study for human race! Most Famous Scientists and Inventors in History "nventions and discoveries are generally the direct result of a systematic research work! On certain occasions% however% inventions are a chance event! &he famous antibiotic ,enicillin was accidentally discovered by Sir #le5ander leming when he was attempting to study staphylococci bacteria! Sometimes necessity makes the scientists discover new things! or instance% guided missiles had to be developed by *erman scientists during the 9orld 9ar "" in order to destroy and defeat England! &he classic theories put forward by ,ythagoras% #ristotle% #rchimedes% Socrates% ,lato% Iabir "bn /ayyan% etc! are still relevant today% and have made crucial contributions to scientific developments! The Era o Modern Science &he age of science really led off in the middle of the ;Dth century! 4obert 6oyle was the first scientist to introduce the method of e5periments and its importance in the field of science! "n this period% various institutions of science and inventors started working in different countries of Europe such as England% rance and *ermany! Many famous scientists of ancient and medieval era like *alileo% .ewton% etc! put forward many principles and theories in the different fields and areas of science! Since then modern science has utili+ed and built upon those methods and techni8ues to discover many of the things we take for granted in our world!

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