Structure I

6th Class : 6th of October 2013 Frida Ferdani Putri

fridaferdaniputri@gmail.com

Universitas Terbuka
Korea Selatan
1

Class 6
Modul 9 Simple Past Past Continuous Past Perfect Past Perfect Progressive

Simple Past Tense

e.g. I went to office yesterday.

now

past

future

Simple Past Tense S + V2

Fungsi Menyatakan kegiatan yang dimulai dan diakhiri pada waktu tertentu di masa lampau, walaupun pembicara tidak menyebutkan waktunya Contoh Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone.

Biasanya diikuti keterangan waktu

I played football last week.

Simple Past Tense

Pola Positive S + V2 S + was/were + adj/adv/noun Negative S + did not + V1 S + was/were not + adj/adv/noun Question Did+ S + V1 .? Was/Were + S + adj/adv/noun .? Wh-Question + did + S + V1? Wh-Question + was/were + S + adj? Did not didnt Was not wasnt Were not werent Contoh I cooked fried rice this morning. I was late this morning I didnt cook fried rice this morning. I was not late this morning. Did you go to the library? Were you tired yesterday? What did you do last night? Who was late this morning?

Past Continuous
e.g. She was talking on the phone.

now

past

future

Past Continuous S + was/were + Ving

Fungsi Menyatakan suatu kejadian yang berlangsung beberapa saat (waktunya biasanya tidak ditentukan) di masa lampau. Contoh He was sleeping. They were playing football.

Past Continuous
Pola Positive S + was/were + Ving Negative S + was/were not + Ving Question Was/Were + S + Ving.? Wh-Question + was/were + S + Ving? Contoh They were cooking. I was not driving. Were you sleeping? Who was laughing just now?

Was not wasnt Were not werent

Past Continuous + Past Tense

Dalam kalimat, disatukan dengan Past Tense untuk

menyatakan suatu kejadian terjadi di saat kejadian lainnya berlangsung (kedua kejadiannya di masa lampau) Contoh
I was sleeping when he came to my house. While I was sleeping, he came to my house.
now he came to my house past future

I was sleeping

While vs When
When + Past tense I was sleeping when he came to my house. While + Past Continuous While I was sleeping, he came to my house. I was sleeping while my sister was cleaning the house.

Past Perfect

Jennifer called me
now

past Britney arrived

future

Britney had arrived when Jennifer called me

Past Perfect S + had + V3

Fungsi Menyatakan suatu kejadian telah terjadi sebelum waktu tertentu di masa lampau. Contoh When I arrived at home, the thief had broken into my house.

Dapat menyatakan sebab akibat apabila digabungkan dengan simple past tense

He passed the exam because he had studied very hard.

Past Perfect
Pola Positive S + had + V3 Negative S + had not/hadnt + V3 Question Had+ S + V3.? Wh-Question + had + S + V3? Who had finished the homework before weekend? Contoh She had finished her homework before she went shopping. I had not eaten. I was very hungry this morning. Had you finished your homework before you went shopping?

Present Perfect vs Past Perfect

Present Perfect Menyatakan suatu kejadian yang telah selesai dilakukan sebelum saat ini. Past Perfect Menyatakan suatu kejadian yang telah selesai dilakukan sebelum masa lampau.

Jane said: I am n ot hungry, I have already eaten my lunch.

Jane said: I was not hungry (at 1 PM), I h ad already eaten m y lunch.

Jane eats lunch

Jane is not hungry

12 PM

1 PM

4 PM

Past Progressive vs Past Perfect

Past Progressive 7 7.30 AM : eating breakfast 7.15 AM : Someone knock the door 8 AM : I was eating my breakfast when someone knocked the door. Past Perfect 7 7.30 AM : eating breakfast 7.45 AM : Someone knock the door 8 AM : I had eaten my breakfast when someone knocked the door.

Kejadian 1 masih berlangsung ketika kejadian Kejadian 1 sudah selesai ketika kejadian 2 2 terjadi terjadi

Past Perfect Progressive

now
Look exhausted

Running for 10 km

past

future

She looked exhausted because she had been running for 10 kilometers.

Past Perfect Progressive S + had been + Ving

Fungsi Menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang terjadi di masa lampau dan terus berlangsung pada masa lampau. Contoh She looked very tired because she had been running.

Menyatakan berapa lama suatu kejadian telah berlangsung sebelum kejadian sebelumnya terjadi. tense

We had been playing the game for 2 hours when our mother came.

Past Perfect Progressive

Pola Positive S + had been + Ving Negative S + had not been + Ving Question Had+ S + been + Ving.? Wh-Question + had + S + been + Ving? Contoh She had been studying for 20 hours. He had not been sleeping before Had you been running before you came here? How long had you been studying Korean before you came here?

Past Perfect Progressive vs Past Progressive

Past Perfect Progressive 5 7.45 : raining 8 AM: get up 8.05 AM : look out the window Past Progressive 5 8.30 : raining 8 AM: get up 8.05 AM : look out the window

1 PM: When I got up this morning, I looked out the window. It had been raining
now

1 PM: When I got up this morning, I looked out the window. It was raining
now

past

future

past

future