Data for Drinking Water

Centre for Technology Alternatives for Rural Areas GISE Lab, CSE IIT-Bombay

www.ctara.iitb.ac.in www.gise.cse.iitb.ac.in
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Centre for Technology Alternatives for Rural Areas An academic center of IIT-Bombay, started in 1985 Development as an intellectual pursuit-challenges, solutions. Recent focus: Energy household, domestic and Academic rural Initiatives Agriculture/Livelihoods 2007: post-harvest, foods M.Tech./Ph.D. Water sector drinking water, program in policy. Technology and Development. Environmental planning development plans, urban and 2010: TDSL- with rural appraisal other departments and UGs. and others...
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The T&D core values

Concrete beneciary/stake-holder-the bottom 80%, households, hamlets, gram-panchayats, villages, towns and cities Basic areas-soil, water, energy, livelihoods, public health
end-user dened or demand-driven

Towards change- as close to implementation as possible

deliver solutions -technology, policy deliver knowledge -consultancy, capacity-building, debate.

Objectives of the M.Tech. program

To produce the developmentalist/development practioner Analyse development situations and design solutions Work with implementation agencies and see them to completion Rising demand for such professionals
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Drinking water for Boriwali

or for that matter, a savings and micro-lending analysis for Boriwali.

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Or saving drudgery for women

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Our students (and our faculty) in the eld

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Typology!
Data Gathering : delity and intensity-expensive Use and Cost/Benet : Other than research, smaller loops of delivery. actionableeven at the taluka and GP level Use Research Pedagogy Action-Research Monitoring Planning Stake-holders University, Policy-Makers, CSO University University, Local Administration, NGO University, Local Administration, NGO University, Local Administration

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Our Datasets
Census Part I and II : basic socio-economic back-grounder, land-use MRSAC : Remote sensing, planning, roads, watersheds, drainage, District Resource Maps DDWS, PWS habaitation-wise (believed) coverage, sources and schemes Groundwater Data: Observation wells, watershed labelling, prediction and modelling of GW. Local Administrative Data : tanker-fed lists, scheme case-les, yield tests IMD, bhuvan : station-wise daily rainfall and other parameters, 90m DEM Our concoctions: contours from DEMs, GP atlas, scheme simulation models, planning GIS and so on
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Pedagogy
Village statistics-ST fraction vs. female literacy

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Pedagogy
ST fraction vs. population under 6

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Pedagogy
more decisive-female literacy vs. population under 6

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Analysis of tanker-fed wadis in Thane/Raigad

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Analysis of tanker-fed wadis in Thane/Raigad

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What have we done-I

Construct a planning and representation tool data from MRSAC, CGWB, our own analysis, local admin. enable visualization, analysis and planning

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Fraction of ST population. Tankerfed Neighbors Taluka Mean elevation: Tankerfed Taluka

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Jawhar 0.97 0.99 0.97 Jawhar 344 320

Mokhada 0.93 0.97 0.91 Mokhada 361 350

Murbad 0.74 0.32 0.24 Murbad 123 126

Shahpur 0.62 0.42 0.35 Shahpur 197 132

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What have we done-II

Visited tens of GPs to understand problem Dhamni, Dalkhan, Vihigaon, Washala, Dhakne, Mograj certain observations about schemes, terrain, surface vs. ground

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What have we done-II

Visited tens of GPs to understand problem Dhamni, Dalkhan, Vihigaon, Washala, Dhakne, Mograj certain observations about schemes, terrain, surface vs. ground

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Mograj GP -according to DDWS and actual!

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Mograj GP and habitations

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GP and sub-GP GIS

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The policy change

GWAdvice PWS Protocol 1 Scarcity List Gram Sabha Maps Protocol 2 Tanker GWAdvice PWS+ GramSewak Maps+Contacts Wadi Sabha Protocol 1 Scarcity List Protocol 2 Less?

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Multi-village and regional schemes

Simulation : of existing poorly performing rural DWS

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Also Karjat town (pop. 29,000)

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And a feasibility study-70 hamlet

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Feasibile! 40 lpcd at Rs. 2100 capital costs.

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Groundwater
Question : What would be the ground-water at position x at time t ? Useful to predict scarcity (GSDA), its use for drinking water security.

Towards regional groundwater advise, budgets Location specic advise

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Stationary models

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Rainfall models-Thane

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Rainfall models-Thane

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Rainfall models-Latur

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Rainfall models-Latur

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Summary

District Latur Thane

R 2 -values No Rain (1991-2005) 0.5 Grid Rain (1991-2005) 0.4508 0.5610 0.6730 0.6988

Nearby extraction, long-term eects, shallow/deep aquifers make a dierence Great predictability from rst reading of the year For Thane, scarcity more episodic.

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How good are our predictions?

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Good-Year/Bad-Year-Latur

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1998-Thane watersheds

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2002-Thane watersheds

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The Future
Watershed Improvement Program -data-centric approach
Maybe, the only solution to expensive bulk water transfer Must improve predictability

Better geological modelling

District resource maps, better models for ground water

District Planning tools

get CEO/collector on board monitoring other resources (roads etc.)

Taluka-level atlas for drinking water

already indicated in DDWS needs OK from collector and needs local implementation agency

A valuable local capacity-The Taluka College

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Whats the point

The Drinking Water Pipeline Governance Planning Scientific data

Highlight the Analysis and its use in Decision-making !

Systems

Ground

local-stake holders, local knowledge loops-easier to justify capacity-building-BDOs, engineering, GPs, colleges and IITs enhances transparency, participation and accountability
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Thanks

Joint work with Vikram, Om, Puru, Pooja, Abhishek, Lalit, Ravi, Rahul, Anuja, Janhvi, hemant, Vishal, and about 10 others
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