BIOS Stands for basic input output system.

The BIOS
software is built into the PC, and is the first software run by a PC when powered on. The fundamental purposes of the BIOS are to initialize and test the system hardware components, and to load a bootloader or an operating system from a mass memory device. The BIOS additionally provides abstraction layer for the hardware, i.e. a consistent way for application programs and operating systems to interact with the keyboard, display, and other input/output devices. Variations in the system hardware are hidden by the BIOS from programs that use BIOS services instead of directly accessing the hardware. Modern operating systems ignore the abstraction layer provided by the BIOS and access the hardware components directly.

.COM .com means commericial. It's domain suffix at

the end of the domain. Yes, anyone can buy a .com and just because it means commercial, doesn't mean that the website makes any money or was created for commercial reasons. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) controls top-level domains and maintain their technical and administrative details. They are becoming more open with top-level domains and allowing more and more, e.g. .biz is growing in popularity.

.exe is a common filename extension denoting an

executable file for DOS, OpenVMS, Microsoft Windows, Symbian or OS/2. .exe is a common filename extension denoting an executable file (the main execution point of a computer program) for DOS, OpenVMS, Microsoft Windows, Symbian or OS/2. Besides the executable program, many .exe files contain other components called resources, such as bitmap graphics and icons which the executable program may use for its graphical user interface. 16-bit DOS MZ executable The original DOS executable file format. These can be identified by the letters "MZ" at the beginning of the file in ASCII. 16-bit New Executable Introduced with multitasking MS-DOS 4.0 and also used by 16-bit OS/2 and Windows, NE can be identified by the "NE" in ASCII. 32-bit Linear Executable Introduced with OS/2 2.0, these can be identified by the "LX" in ASCII. These can only be run by OS/2

2.0 and higher.[1] They are also used by some DOS extenders. Mixed 16/32-bit Linear Executable Introduced with OS/2 2.0, these can be identified by the "LE" in ASCII. This format is used for VxD drivers under Windows 3.x, OS/2, and Windows 9x;, it is also used by some DOS extenders.

PIPES AND FILTERS-In software engineering, a pipeline consists of a chain of processing elements (processes, threads, coroutines, etc.), arranged so that the output of each element is the input of the next; the name is by analogy to a physical pipeline. Usually some amount of buffering is provided between consecutive elements. The information that flows in these pipelines is often a stream of records, bytes or bits, and the elements of a pipeline may be called filters; this is also called the pipes and filters design pattern. Connecting elements into a pipeline is analogous to function composition. Narrowly speaking, a pipeline is linear and onedirectional, though sometimes the term is applied to more general flows. For example, a primarily one-directional pipeline may have some communication in the other direction, known as a return channel or backchannel, as in the lexer hack, or a pipeline may be fully bi-directional. Flows with one-directional tree and directed acyclic graph topologies behave similarly to (linear) pipelines the lack of cycles makes them simple and thus may be loosely referred to as "pipelines".