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Abstract: This experiment has been done in order to determine the hydrostatic forces that act on a plane surfaced

immersed in water and to determine the position of the line of action of the thrust form. This could be done by using the hydrostatic pressure apparatus. (See Figure 1).

Figure 1

List of Figures: Figure 1------------------------------------------------------------ 1

Nomenclature:

Name and Symbol Hydrostatic Force (F) Density Acc. Due to gravity (g) Experimental Center of pressure Yp Theoretical Center of Pressure h Mass

SI Units N Kg/m^3 m/s^2 m m Kg

Introduction: Hydrostatic Pressure is one of the important fields in fluid mechanics. Frankly speaking, the definition of the hydrostatic pressure is the pressure equivalent to that exerted on a surface by a column of water of a given height. Hydrostatic pressure can explain why does the surface of water is always horizontal whatever the shape of the container. Therefore it is important to know about it.

Objectives: 1. To determine the hydrostatic force acting on a plane surface immersed in water. 2. To determine the position of the line of action of the thrust force. 3. Calculate the hydrostatic force acting on a plane surface immersed in water for the cases of partially and fully submerged bodies. 4. Determine the position of the line of action of the thrust force and compare the position determined by experiment with the theoretical position.

Equipment: 1. Hydrostatic Pressure Apparatus 2. A set of weights 3. A jug

Procedures: 1. 2. 3. 4. Ensure that the base and the balance arm are horizontal The drain valve is closed Add small masses to observe the change Add water using the jug in the triangular aperture adjacent to the pivot point. 5. When increasing weights, add water until the arm is horizontal 6. Read the depth 7. When taking your readings, try to take them by placing your eyes parallel to the container in order to minimize the error.

Theory:
Partially submerged Hydrostatic force (N) Experimental centre of pressure (m) Theoretical centre of pressure (m)

F g

Bd 2 mgL yp F
d 3

Fully submerged D F gBD(d ) 2

hH

D ) 2 D2 D (d ) 2 2 H d h 12 D d 2

yp

mL

BD(d

Constants: Density of water = 1000 kg/m^3 Gravitational Acceleration = 9.81 m/s^2 Horizontal distance (L)= 275mm Height of the Quadrant (D)= 100mm Width of the Quadrant (B)= 75mm Vertical Distance (H)= 200mm

Results: Mass (kg) 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.24 0.36 (Fully Submerged) Depth (m) 0.049 0.068 0.085 0.107 0.138 F(N) 0.8833 1.7011 2.6579 4.2118 6.4746 Yp (m) 0.1527 0.1586 0.1522 0.1537 0.1500 h(m) 0.1837 0.1773 0.1717 0.1643 0.1877

Discussion:

Conclusion:

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