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Solutions
(1 , 2.5).
` The solution of the simultaneous equations
is x = 1, y = 2.5.
2. *
2x = y + 1 ...................................................... (i)
y = 3x - 3 ..................................................... (ii)
5.
x2 - 3x - 4 = 0
(x - 4)(x + 1) = 0
`
x = 4 or x = - 1
2
6. x - 13x + 40 = 0
(x - 5)(x - 8) = 0
`
x = 5 or x = 8
2
7. x - x - 6 = 0
2
x=
1 ! 25
2
1!5
2
= - 2 or 3
is x = 2, y = 3.
2
8. 2x - 15x - 8 = 0
3. *
4x - 3y = 4 ................................................... (i)
x=
x + 3y = 1 ..................................................... (ii)
(i) + (ii) : 5x = 5
x=1
Substituting x = 1 into (ii), we have
1 + 3y = 1
y=0
` The solution of the simultaneous equations
15 ! 289
4
15 ! 17
4
= - 21 or 8
2
is x = 1, y = 0.
9. 9x - 12x + 4 = 0
2
x=
4. *
y=4
Substituting y = 4 into (i), we have
2x - 4 = -14
2x = -10
x = -5
` The solution of the simultaneous equations
= 23 (repeated)
10. From the graph, the x-intercepts are -1 and 3.
is x = -5, y = 4.
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39
Exercise 1A (P.12)
1. (a)
25
y = 20
20
15
10
x = 2, y = 5.
y = 8 x2
2. (a)
y = 20.
5. Add the graph of y = 10 + x to the figure.
y = 10 + x
-6
-4
-2
10
y
equations is x = 3, y = -6.
3. (a)
10
y = 10 + x
y = x2 6 x
points of intersection.
` The simultaneous equations have no
real solutions.
From the figure, the solutions of the
simultaneous equations are x = -5, y = 5 and
x = -2, y = 8.
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40
Solutions
6. (a)
7. (a)
-1
-3 -2 -1
-2
-2
y -17 -7 -1
y
y = 1 4 x
-1 -7 -17
y = 2x 2
y = x2 3 x
0 1
3 2 1
1
1
y = 1 2x2
y=x3
10
12
14
16
18
y=x-3
-1
-4
-2
(b) (i)
-3
-1
and x = 1, y = -2.
-8
-4
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41
(ii)
-1
-1
-5
-13
-2
-4
y = 0.6.
8. (a)
graphs for -2 G x G 5.
11.
y
9.
150
y = x2+ 5 x 4
100
y = x + 10
50
15 10
y = x2+ 2 x 120
100
2
y = (x - 1)(4 - x)
= 4x - x2 - 4 + x
= -x2 + 5x - 4
15
50
10
150
5 x + y = 150
x+y=1
(a)
-10
10
20
10
20
30
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42
Solutions
13. (a)
figure.
5x + y = -150
-20
-10
10
-2
-1
-50
-100
-150
-200
-8
-4
-2
-2
-4
-8
y = 4 3x
real solutions.
2
12. (a)
-3 -4 -3
y = x2+ x 2
y = 4 - 3x
4
2
0 0.5
2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5
2
4
4x + y + 9 = 0
0.5
y = 4 x2+ 8 x
-2
-5
8
10
4x + y + 9 = 0
-2.5
-2
-1
-1
-5
-9
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14. (a)
-20 -10
-400
10
20
30
200 200
-400
y
300
y = 300 10 x
200
2. *
2
y = x + x ...................................................... (i)
y = -x ........................................................... (ii)
100
20 10 0
100
10
20
200
30
x
3. *
y = (20 x)(10 + x)
300
400
y = 300 - 10x
10
20
30
300
200
100
Exercise 1B (P.20)
1. *
43
y = x2 ............................................................. (i)
y = x + 2 ....................................................... (ii)
y = x - 2x - 3 ............................................. (i)
y = x + 1 ....................................................... (ii)
x2 - 4x - y = 0 ............................................. (i)
y = 6 - 3x .................................................... (ii)
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44
Solutions
5. *
x - y = 0 ...................................................... (i)
y - 2x = 8 .................................................... (ii)
(i) + (ii):
7. *
x - x = y + 1 ................................................ (i)
5x - y - 6 = 0 .............................................. (ii)
x - 2x = 8
2
x - 2x - 8 = 0
(x - 4)(x + 2) = 0
`
x = 4 or x = -2
2
From (i): y = x ............................................. (iii)
Substitute these values of x into (iii):
2
When x = 4, y = 4 = 16.
2
When x = -2, y = (-2) = 4.
` The solutions of the simultaneous
y = 4.
y = -1.
6. *
(ii) - (i):
3x + 2x2 = 2
2x2 + 3x - 2 = 0
(2x - 1)(x + 2) = 0
x = 21 or x = -2
8. *
4x + y - 2 = x2 ............................................. (i)
x + y - 20 = 0 ............................................. (ii)
x + 1 = y ........................................................ (i)
2
x - x - 2 = y .............................................. (ii)
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y - 2 = 3 - x ................................................. (i)
2
y - 2 = 15 - x ............................................ (ii)
13. *
45
2a + b = 5 ..................................................... (i)
(a + 1) (b - 3) = 0 ........................................ (ii)
(ii) - (i):
x2 + 7x - 30 - 12x - 20 = 0
x2 - 5x - 50 = 0
(x + 5)(x - 10) = 0
`
x = -5 or x = 10
From (i): y = 11x + 20 ................................. (iii)
Substitute these values of x into (iii):
When x = -5, y = 11(-5) + 20 = -35.
When x = 10, y = 11(10) + 20 = 130.
` The solutions of the simultaneous equations
are x = -5, y = -35 and x = 10, y = 130.
12. *
q = p2 - 4 ...................................................... (i)
5p + 2q + 11 = 0 ......................................... (ii)
p = - 2 or p = -1
14. *
y = x2 + 1 ....................................................... (i)
y = - 2x ........................................................ (ii)
3
3
7
When p = - 2 , q = a- 2 k - 4 = - 4 .
2
` p = - 2 , q = - 4 or p = -1, q = -3.
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46
Solutions
16. *
x + y = x + 1 ................................................ (i)
x + y = 2 ....................................................... (ii)
(i) - (ii):
2
x -x=x+1-2
2
x - 2x + 1 = 0
2
(x - 1) = 0
`
x = 1 (repeated)
Substitute x = 1 into (ii):
1+y=2
y=1
` The solution of the simultaneous equations
is x = 1, y = 1.
17. *
3x + y = x2 ..................................................... (i)
solutions.
2y = x - 10 ................................................... (ii)
20. Rewrite the given equation as:
(i) # 2 - (ii):
2
6x = 2x - x + 10
2x2 - 7x + 10 = 0
The discriminant of the equation is:
D = (-7)2 - 4(2)(10)
= -31
10
` There are no real solutions for x.
i.e. The simultaneous equations have no real
x2 + y2 = 4 ..................................................... (i)
x - y + 2 = 4 ................................................ (ii)
2y - 4x = 8 ................................................... (i)
y - 2x - x (x + 4) = 8 .................................. (ii)
solutions.
18. Rewrite the given equation as:
y = 0.
21. Rewrite the given equation as:
x2 - y2 = 7 ..................................................... (i)
3x + y = 7 ..................................................... (ii)
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47
x - 2y = 1 ................................................... (i)
3x + 4y = 1 ................................................... (ii)
3
From (ii), y = 41 - 4 x ................................. (iii)
Exercise 1C
2x2 - 3x = 2
2x2 - 3x - 2 = 0
(2x + 1)(x - 2) = 0
3
2
x - 2 a 41 - 4 x k = 1
2
x2 + 12 = 8x
x - 8x + 12 = 0
(x - 6)(x - 2) = 0
`
x = 6 or x = 2
2
x - x-3 = 1
x (x - 3) - 8
=1
x-3
x(x - 3) - 8 = x - 3
x - 3x - 8 - x + 3 = 0
x2 - 4x - 5 = 0
(x - 5)(x + 1) = 0
`
x = 5 or x = - 1
2
6
= 5 - 2x
x+1
(b)
6 = (5 - 2x)(x + 1)
6 = 5x - 2x2 + 5 - 2x
2x2 - 3x + 1 = 0
(2x - 1)(x - 1) = 0
2. (a)
x - y - 2 = 0 ................................................ (ii)
x = - 21 or x = 2
x
6
+ x =4
2
(b)
3
y = 41 - 4 (3) = -2
2x - 3 = 2x
1. (a)
x - 6x + 9 = 0
2
(x - 3) = 0
`
x = 3 (repeated)
Substitute x = 3 into (iii):
(P.34)
x2 + y2 = c2 ................................................... (i)
x = 21 or x = 1
x + y = c ....................................................... (ii)
3. (a)
3
1
x + x+2 = 2
x + 2 + 3x
=2
x (x + 2)
x + 2 + 3x = 2x(x + 2)
2
4x + 2 = 2x + 4x
2
x -1=0
(x - 1)(x + 1) = 0
`
x = 1 or x = - 1
are x = c, y = 0 and x = 0, y = c.
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48
Solutions
4x + 9(1 - x) = x(1 - x)
4x + 9 - 9x = x - x2
x2 - 6x + 9 = 0
(x - 3)2 = 0
`
x = 3 (repeated)
When u = 1, 2x = 1
`
x=0
2
6. (a)
x 2
When u = 7, 7x = 7
`
x= 1
Let u = 3x, then u2 = (3x)2 = 32x.
The original equation becomes
32:u2 - 10u + 1 = 0
9u2 - 10u + 1 = 0
(9u - 1)(u - 1) = 0
u = 91 or u = 1
When u = 91 , 3x = 91
`
x = -2
2x
5. (a)
2 x
When u = 4, 4x = 4
`
x= 1
Let u = 2x,
then the original equation becomes
u2 - 5u + 4 = 0
(u - 4)(u - 1) = 0
`
u = 4 or u = 1
When u = 4, 2x = 4
`
x=2
x 2
4x + 9 (1 - x)
=1
x (1 - x)
4. (a)
9
4
+ x =1
1-x
(b)
7. (a)
When u = 1, 3 = 1
`
x=0
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49
8. (a)
u2 = 21
2
u=! 2
2
When u = 2 , sin i = 2
`
i = 45c, 135c
2
When u = - 2 , sin i = - 2
`
10. (a)
i = 225c, 315c
2
u=! 3
i = 30c, 210c
u = 1 or u = - 21
`
3
3
When u = - 3 , tan i = - 3
9. (a)
When u = 1, cos i = 1
`
i = 0c
i = 150c, 330c
2
When u = - 21 , cos i = - 21
2u2 -
3u = 0
u(2u -
3) = 0
u = 0 or u = 2
3
3
When u = 2 , cos i = 2
01 NSS TM 5A (E)-2P-KJ.indd 49
i = 120c, 240c
When u = 0, cos i = 0
`
i = 90c, 270c
3
3
When u = 3 , tan i = 3
i = 30c, 330c
x = -1
When u = 1, 5x = 1
`
x=0
2010/7/20 4:36:48 PM
50
Solutions
(b)
x
6
1
+ 2
= x-1
x+3
3
x -9
2
x (x - 3) + 6
x + 3 - (x - 9 )
x -9
sin i = 2sin2i
sin i(1 - 2sin i) = 0
sin i = 0 or sin i = 21
3 (x - 2)
x+3
+ 1 = x-1
3x - 5
(c)
3 (x - 2)
x + 3 + 3x - 5
= x-1
3x - 5
3 (x - 2)
4x - 2
= x-1
3x - 5
7
1
1
x + x + 1 = 12
x+1+x
7
= 12
x (x + 1)
12(x + 1 + x) = 7x(x + 1)
24x + 12 = 7x2 + 7x
2
7x - 17x - 12 = 0
(x - 3)(7x + 4) = 0
x = 3 or x = - 47 (rejected)
x -9
x(x - 3) + 6 = x + 3 - x2 + 9
x2 - 2x - 3 = 0
(x + 1)(x - 3) = 0
`
x = - 1 or x = 3 (rejected)
7
x = 5 or x = 4
`
16. (a)
u-3= u
14. Let the two numbers be x and x + 2, then
u2 - 3u = 10
u2 - 3u - 10 = 0
(u + 2)(u - 5) = 0
`
u = -2 or u = 5
When u = -2, 4x = -2 (rejected)
When u = 5, 4x = 5
log 4x = log 5
x log 4 = log 5
log 5
` 2x + 1j (x + 6) = 1
(2 + x) (x + 6)
=1
x
(2 + x)(x + 6) = x
2x + x2 + 12 + 6x = x
x2 + 7x + 12 = 0
(x + 4)(x + 3) = 0
`
x = - 4 or x = - 3
x = log 4
becomes
2u + u1 = 3
2u2 + 1 = 3u
2u - 3u + 1 = 0
(u - 1)(2u - 1) = 0
2
u = 1 or u = 21
When u = 1, 5x = 1
`
x=0
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51
When u = 21 , 5x = 21
x -9
log 5x = log 21
x log 5 = log 21
x2 - 9 = (2x - 1)(x - 5)
x2 - 11x + 14 = 0
log 21
x = log 5
x=
11 ! (-11) - 4 (1)(14)
2 (1)
11 + 65
11 - 65
or
(rejected)
2
2
8
1
2 + u = 7
u
x -9
= 2x - 1
x-5
8 + u = 7u2
7u - u - 8 = 0
(u + 1)(7u - 8) = 0
4+x
4 + x2 = 9(7 - x)
x + 9x - 59 = 0
2
When u = 7 , 2x = 7
x=
8
log 2x = log 7
x log 2 = log 7
log 87
x = log 2
= 0.19, cor. to 2 d.p.
17. (a)
x-4
= 1x
3x - 10
x(x - 4) = 3x - 10
x2 - 7x + 10 = 0
(x - 2)(x - 5) = 0
`
x = 2 (rejected) or x = 5
01 NSS TM 5A (E)-2P-KJ.indd 51
4+x
=9
7-x
log3 7 - x = log3 9
8
u = -1 or u = 7
log3 7 - x - log3 9 = 0
-9 ! 9 - 4 (1)(-59)
2 (1)
-9 - 317
-9 + 317
or
2
2
sin2i = 2 cos i
18. (a)
1 - cos2i = 2 cos i
2 - 2 cos2i = 3 cos i
2 cos2i + 3 cos i - 2 = 0
(cos i + 2)(2 cos i - 1) = 0
cos i + 2 = 0 or 2 cos i - 1 = 0
cos i = -2 (rejected) or cos i = 21
` i = 60c, 300c
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52
Solutions
(b)
2 cos2i + 5 sin i = 5
2(1 - sin2i) + 5 sin i = 5
2 - 2 sin2i + 5 sin i - 5 = 0
2 sin2i - 5 sin i + 3 = 0
(sin i - 1)(2 sin i - 3) = 0
sin i - 1 = 0 or 2 sin i - 3 = 0
(c)
sin i
4 cos i
+ cos i =
cos i
sin i
2
4 cos i
sin i + cos i
=
sin i
cos i
4 cos i
1
=
cos i
sin i
4 cos2i = sin i
4(1 - sin2i) = sin i
2
4 sin i + sin i - 4 = 0
i = 90c
3 sin2i + 8 cos i - 7 = 0
3(1 - cos2i) + 8 cos i - 7 = 0
3 - 3 cos2i + 8 cos i - 7 = 0
3 cos2i - 8 cos i + 4 = 0
(cos i - 2)(3 cos i - 2) = 0
cos i - 2 = 0 or 3 cos i - 2 = 0
cos i = 2 (rejected) or cos i = 23
` i = 48.19c, 311.81c, cor. to 2 d.p.
19. (a)
` sin i =
=
`
-1 ! 1 - 4 (4)(-4)
2 (4)
-1 + 65
-1 - 65
or
(rejected)
8
8
2 cos i = tan i
sin i
cos i
30 (x + 3) - 30x
= 0.5
x (x + 3)
2 cos2i = sin i
2(1 - sin2i) = sin i
2
2 sin i + sini - 2 = 0
90
= 0.5
x (x + 3)
2 cos i =
` sin i =
=
`
-1 ! 1 - 4 (2)(-2)
2 (2)
-1 + 17
-1 - 17
or
4
4
(rejected)
i = 51.33c, 128.67c, cor. to 2 d.p.
3
+ sin i = 0
tan i
(b)
3 cos i
+ sin i = 0
sin i
2
3 cos i + sin i = 0
3 cos i + (1 - cos2i) = 0
cos2i - 3 cos i - 1 = 0
2
` cos i =
=
`
3 ! (-3) - 4 (1)(-1)
2 (1)
3 - 13
3 + 13
(rejected) or
2
2
4
tan i
0.5x(x + 3) = 90
0.5x + 1.5x - 90 = 0
x2 + 3x - 180 = 0
(x + 15)(x - 12) = 0
x = -15 (rejected) or x = 12
` Jacks original cycling speed is 12 km/h.
2
21. (a)
x = 12 or x = - 3 (rejected)
` The original number of glassware bought
by the students was 12.
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53
glassware
48
= $ a 12 + 3 k
= $7
x = 0.3, y = 3.6.
(b) From the figure, the point of intersection
u = 4 or u = - 51
`
3
2.
When u = 4 , 0.8t = 4
10
y = x2+ 2 x 3
3
log 0.8 = log 4
t
log 4
t = log 0.8
y = 2x + 1
25 =
80 tan i
2
1 + tan i
(a)
y = x
-3
-1
-5
-1
16 ! (-16) - 4 (5)(5)
tan i =
2 (5)
16 - 156
16 + 156
=
or
10
10
01 NSS TM 5A (E)-2P-KJ.indd 53
y = -3 and x = 2, y = 5.
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54
Solutions
y = -x
-4
-2
-2
5. *
y = 3 - x ....................................................... (ii)
6. *
y = x (x + 2) .................................................. (i)
3x - y + 2 = 0 .............................................. (ii)
(i) + (ii):
3x + 2 = x(x + 2)
3x + 2 = x2 + 2x
2
x -x-2=0
(x + 1)(x - 2) = 0
`
x = -1 or x = 2
Substitute these values of x into (i):
When x = -1, y = (-1)(-1 + 2) = -1.
When x = 2, y = 2(2 + 2) = 8.
` The solutions of the simultaneous equations
y = x + 4 ....................................................... (ii)
3. *
xy = 12 .......................................................... (i)
y = x2 - 2x + 3 .............................................. (i)
3x - y = 1 ..................................................... (ii)
(i) + (ii):
3x = x2 - 2x + 3 + 1
x2 - 5x + 4 = 0
(x - 4)(x - 1) = 0
`
x = 4 or x = 1
From (ii), y = 3x - 1 .................................... (iii)
Substitute these values of x into (iii):
When x = 4, y = 3(4) - 1 = 11.
When x = 1, y = 3(1) - 1 = 2.
` The solutions of the simultaneous equations
are x = 4, y = 11 and x = 1, y = 2.
x
8
=4- x
2
7.
4x - 8
x
=
x
2
x2 = 2(4x - 8)
x2 - 8x + 16 = 0
(x - 4)2 = 0
`
x = 4 (repeated)
8.
1
+ 2x = 3
x+1
x + 2 (x + 1)
=3
x (x + 1)
x + 2x + 2 = 3x2 + 3x
3x2 - 2 = 0
x2 = 23
`
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9.
2x - 4 = 8x
2
2x - 4 = 23x
`
x2 - 4 = 3x
2
x - 3x - 4 = 0
(x + 1)(x - 4) = 0
`
x = - 1 or x = 4
55
13.
14.
4 cos2i = 3cos i
cos i(4 cos i - 3) = 0
u - 7u + 6 = 0
(u - 1)(u - 6) = 0
`
u = 1 or u = 6
When u = 1, 5x = 1
`
x=0
cos i = 0 or cos i = 4
` i = 90c, 270c or
When u = 6, 5x = 6
log 5x = log 6
log 6
x = log 5
15.
x 2
2 x
6 sin2i - sin i - 1 = 0
(2 sin i - 1)(3 sin i + 1) = 0
2 sin i - 1 = 0 or 3 sin i + 1 = 0
sin i = 21 or
16. (a)
2x + y = 5
(b)
2x + y = 5 ............................................. (i)
x + y2 = 10
x + y = 10 ........................................... (ii)
-2 ! 44
2
` y = 3 or y = - 2 (rejected)
= -1 + 11 or -1 - 11 (rejected)
= 2.32, cor. to 2 d.p.
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-2 ! 2 - 4 (1)(-10)
2 (1)
i = 30c, 150c or
sin i = - 31
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56
Solutions
x, then
7+2
7
1
- x = 20
x+2
9x - 7 (x + 2)
1
= 20
x (x + 2)
2x - 14
1
= 20
2
x + 2x
19. (a)
-1
-3
-3
x2 + 2x = 20(2x - 14)
x2 - 38x + 280 = 0
(x - 10)(x - 28) = 0
`
x = 10 or x = 28
When x = 10,
6
5
4
3
When x = 28,
y = 2x + 4
1
2
y = 3 x x2+ 1
= 224
x cm
The new width
225
= ` 224
x + 1j cm a or x - 1 cm k
(x - 1) ` 224
x + 1j = 224 + 1
(x - 1) (224 + x)
= 225
x
01 NSS TM 5A (E)-2P-KJ.indd 56
y = 2x + 4
-1
-0.5
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57
20. (a)
-10 -8
-5
10
10
34
60
21.
x + y = 25 .................................................... (i)
2
5 - 3x = y ..................................................... (ii)
60
34
50
x = 2 (repeated)
3
2 0
10
20
40
10
4
20
4x - 12x + 9 = 0
2
(2x - 3) = 0
30
10 8
x + 25 - 30x + 9x - 2 = 0
60
y = x2+ 5 x + 10
x + (5 - 3x) = 2
= 21
3
is x = 2 , y = 21 .
30
22. *
40
y = -15 - 5x
-10
-5
35
10
-15
-40
(x - 8) (y - 4) = - 5 ...................................... (i)
x - 2y = 6 .................................................... (ii)
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58
Solutions
* y+3
23.
y-x
= 2 ............................................... (ii)
3x + 2y = 2 ................................................... (i)
9xy + 6y2 - 9x2 = 2 ..................................... (ii)
3
27
9x - 2 x2 + 6 - 18x + 2 x2 - 9x2 - 2 = 0
25
9x2 + 9x - 4 = 0
(3x + 4)(3x - 1) = 0
x = - 11 or x = -1
` x = - 43 or x = 31
When x = - 43 , y = 1 - 2 a- 43 k = 3.
3
When x = 31 , y = 1 - 2 a 31 k = 21 .
2x - y = 3 ................................................... (i)
are x = - 43 , y = 3 and x = 31 , y = 21 .
y - 4x = 3 .................................................... (ii)
26. *
y = mx - 1 ..................................................... (i)
xy = 1 ............................................................ (ii)
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(1 + x)
27.
-4=0
(1 + x)
x
243
u = 36 - u
=4
(1 + x) = 4x
2
2
1 + 2x + x = 4x
2
3x - 2x - 1 = 0
(x - 1)(3x + 1) = 0
243 = 36u - u2
u - 36u + 243 = 0
(u - 27)(u - 9) = 0
`
u = 27 or u = 9
When u = 27, 3x = 27
`
x=3
2
x = 1 or x = - 31
28.
3
1
1
2 - x-1 = 4
(x - 1)
3 - (x - 1)
= 41
2
(x - 1)
When u = 9, 3x = 9
`
x=2
x
x (x + 3) - (1 - x) (x - 2)
17
= 4
x (x - 2)
2
x + 3x - 3x + x + 2
17
= 4
2
x - 2x
16u2 - 10u + 1 = 0
(8u - 1)(2u - 1) = 0
`
22x = 2-3
2x = -3
`
x = -2
When u = 21 , 4x = 21
22x = 2-1
2x = -1
u = 81 or u = 21
When u = 81 , 4x = 81
2x + 2
17
= 4
2
x - 2x
x = - 21
2
log
1 a 1
+ 3 k = 10
2x + 1 2x + 1
30.
x+2
u:42 + u1 = 10
x+3
1-x
17
- x = 4
x-2
(x - 1)2 = 4(4 - x)
2
x - 2x + 1 = 16 - 4x
2
x + 2x - 15 = 0
(x - 3)(x + 5) = 0
`
x = 3 or x = - 5
4-x
1
2 = 4
(x - 1)
29.
59
1 + 3 (2x + 1)
1
:
= 10
2x + 1
2x + 1
x+1
1
= log 10
2
3x - 5
x+1
1
= 10
2
3x - 5
3x2 - 5 = 10(x + 1)
3x2 - 10x - 15 = 0
6x + 4
2 = 10
(2x + 1)
10(2x + 1)2 = 6x + 4
40x + 40x + 10 = 6x + 4
20x2 + 17x + 3 = 0
(5x + 3)(4x + 1) = 0
2
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x = - 5 or x = - 41
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60
Solutions
x=
10 ! (-10) - 4 (3)(-15)
2 (3)
10 ! 280
6
-2 ! 52
8
5 + 70
5 - 70
or
(rejected)
3
3
-1 + 13
-1 - 13
or
(rejected)
4
4
2x
- 56) - x = 0
2x
log (10 - 56) = x
2x
x
`
10 - 56 = 10
x 2
x
(10 ) - 10 - 56 = 0
x
x
(10 - 8)(10 + 7) = 0
x
x
`
10 = 8 or 10 = -7 (rejected)
x = log 8
= 0.90, cor. to 2 d.p.
tan i +
-2 ! 2 - 4 (4)(-3)
2 (4)
35.
cos i =
3 sin x
4 sin x cos x
4 cos x
+
=0
2
2
2
cos x
cos x
cos x
2
3 tan x + 4 tan x - 4 = 0
2
1
= -2
tan i
tan x = -2 or
tan2i + 1 = -2 tan i
tan i + 2tan i + 1 = 0
(tan i + 1)2 = 0
tan i = -1 (repeated)
`
i = 135c, 315c
tan x = 23
` x = 116.57c, 296.57c or
36.
5 cos i + 2 sin2i + 1 = 0
5 cos i + 2(1 - cos2i) + 1 = 0
5 cos i + 2 - 2 cos2i + 1 = 0
2 cos2i - 5 cos i - 3 = 0
(cos i - 3)(2 cos i + 1) = 0
` cos i - 3 = 0 or 2 cos i + 1 = 0
cos i = 3 (rejected) or cos i = - 21
` i = 120c, 240c
37.
tan i =
2 + cos i
3 sin i
sin i
2 + cos i
=
cos i
3 sin i
01 NSS TM 5A (E)-2P-KJ.indd 60
i.e. *
(b)
xy = 35
x-y = 2
xy = 35 .................................................. (i)
x - y = 2 .............................................. (ii)
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40. (a)
x + y = 500
3x + (x - y) + 3y = 100
i.e. *
(b)
42. Let the time taken for the cyclist to finish the
x2 + y2 = 500
2x + y = 50
24 (x + 0.5) - 20x
=4
x (x + 0.5)
4x + 12
=4
2
x + 0.5x
2x + y = 50 .......................................... (ii)
61
4x + 12 = 4x2 + 2x
4x + 2x - 4x - 12 = 0
2x2 - x - 6 = 0
(x - 2)(2x + 3) = 0
2
x = 2 or x = - 2 (rejected)
value of x when P = 0.
` 11 000(2-0.02x) - 8 000(2-0.04x) - 3 000 = 0
11(2-0.02x) - 8(2-0.04x) - 3 = 0
Let u = 2-0.02x, then u2 = (2-0.02x)2 = 2-0.04x.
The original equation becomes
11u - 8u2 - 3 = 0
8u2 - 11u + 3 = 0
(u - 1)(8u - 3) = 0
3
u = 1 or u = 8
When u = 1, 2-0.02x = 1
x = 0 (rejected)
3
When u = 8 , 2-0.02x = 8
log 8
-0.02x = log 2
3
log 8
x = - 0.02 log 2
= 70.75, cor. to 2 d.p.
` The machine can produce paint at most for
70.75 months.
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62
Solutions
` 5 = 12 tan i - 5 (1 + tan2i)
46. (a)
25 = 60 tan i - 9 - 9 tan2i
9 tan2i - 60 tan i + 34 = 0
2
tan i =
60 ! (-60) - 4 (9)(34)
2 (9)
60 ! 2 376
18
10 + 66
10 - 66
or
3
3
30
30
x + x - 25 = 1
30 (x - 25) + 30x
=1
x (x - 25)
60x - 750
=1
2
x - 25x
the tank
= (75 - 25) minutes
= 50 minutes
1 680x
= 37.5
2
x -9
37.5(x2 - 9) = 1 680x
37.5x - 337.5 - 1 680x = 0
5x2 - 224x - 45 = 0
(x - 45)(5x + 1) = 0
2
` x = 45 or x = - 51 (rejected)
` The time taken for the cruise ship to arrive
at town B
840
= 45 + 3 hours
= 17.5 hours
` The cruise ship arrived at town B at
11:30 p.m.
Integrated Questions
(cross-chapters)
47. Substituting x = -3 into the equation
` a = 2, b = 1 or a = -3, b = 4 .
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63
48. (a)
(b) y = ax + bx + c
as y = - a x + b
b
= a` x + a xj + c
2
2
b
b
b
= a ; x + a x + a 2a k - a 2a k E + c
2
b
b
= a a x + 2a k + c - 4a
2
3 = - a (2) + b
b
c - 4a = 0
i.e.
b
i.e. 18 - 4a = 0
2
b
4a = 18
b2 = 72a
(c)
` - 2a = 3
`
b = -6a .................................... (i)
Substitute (i) into the equation of (b):
(-6a)2 = 72a
36a2 = 72a
a2 - 2a = 0
a(a - 2) = 0
`
a = 0 (rejected) or a = 2
Substitute a = 2 into (i):
b = -6(2) = - 12
147
49
= -2b + 2
2b
When b = 7, a = 2 (7) = 2 .
When b = 21
,a=
4
49
= 14
.
3
k
2 a 21
4
When a = 2 and b = 7,
the equation of the line AB is
y=-
7
7
2
x+7
i.e. 2x + y - 7 = 0
When a = 14
and b = 21
,
4
3
the equation of the line AB is
y=-
21
4
14
3
x + 21
4
i.e. 9x + 8y - 42 = 0
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64
Solutions
3.
j
` 1 000
x + 18 (x - 5) +
y - x + 3x = 1 ..................................... (i)
3x - 2y - 4 = 1 .................................... (ii)
(i) # 2 + (ii):
2
-2x + 9x - 4 = 3
2
2x - 9x + 7 = 0
(x - 1)(2x - 7) = 0
j
` 1 000
x - 10 # 5 = 1 000 + 220
(1 000 + 18x)(x - 5) +
5(1 000 - 10x) = 1 220x
1 000x + 18x2 - 5 000 90x + 5 000 - 50x = 1 220x
18x2 - 360x = 0
x2 - 20x = 0
x(x - 20) = 0
` x = 0 (rejected) or x = 20
` He bought 20 chickens.
x = 1 or x = 2
` y = -1 or 11
4
4.
2+x+4-x
3
= 4
(4 - x) (2 + x)
6
3
= 4
(4 - x) (2 + x)
2.
2
1
2 = 4
8 + 2x - x
8 + 2x - x2 = 8
x2 - 2x = 0
x(x - 2) = 0
`
x = 0 or x = 2
01 NSS TM 5A (E)-2P-KJ.indd 64
3
1
1
+ 2+
= 4
4-x
x
5.
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6.
65
` x = -1 (rejected) or x = 2
7.
4 cos i + 9 cos i + 2 = 0
(cos i + 2)(4 cos i + 1) = 0
` cos i + 2 = 0 or 4 cos i + 1 = 0
cos i = -2 (rejected) or cos i = - 41
a 0c G i 1 180c
` i = 104.48c, cor. to 2 d.p.
i.e. The equation has 1 root.
8.
HKCEE Questions
9. D
10. B
11. E
12. D
13. D
14. B
15. D
16. C
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