Electronic Physician Volume 3 (1), January 2011

ELECTRONIC PHYSICIAN Volume 3 (1), January 2011
Conference Abstracts * The International Congress on Physical Fitness and Aerobic Tehran; Iran, 15-16 Feb. 2011
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[Electronic Physician 2011; 3: 111-377 http://www.ephysician.ir ]
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E1ITORIAL 2OAR1
E+(%or In.C'(e!3
4e'r+a+ Jalal(an" !3&" Iran
In%erna%(onal e+(%or(al mem#er$ an+ a+5($or$3

S'ara% A)ra6al 'ssistant rofessor (%rtho edics 5 6rau+a)" 7orth Eastern Indira *andhi /egional Institute of 8ealth 5 !edical $ciences" India Er!an A'ma+( !& and !$c3 in #iology" research associate in 0niversity of !anchester" 039 Su#raman(am 7%'aya%'a$ Ph3&3 in 7eurology" E+ory 0niversity" :er,es 7ational Pri+ate /esearch Center" 03$3' Par("'e'r Hana"'(, Ph&3 in !olecular #iology" 'ssociate Professor" 'l2ahra 0niversity" Iran San8ay 9alra, !&3 in Endocrinology" Consultant Endocrinology" #harti 8os ital 9arnal" India V(ro8 :(6an(%;(%, 41 &e art+ent of Laboratory !edicine" .aculty of !edicine" Chulalong,orn 0niversity" 6hailand An%'on(a O)#era, Endocrinologist3 !##$" !P8" !;'CP" .!CP" .'CE" .'CP3 8ead of &iabetes Center" Lagos $tate 0niversity 6eaching 8os ital I,ea" Lagos" 7igeria <an S(e6 Hua, Ph3& in Phar+acology3 'ssociate Professor 5 &irector of 8u+an *eno+e Centre" $chool of !edical $ciences" 0niversiti $ains !alaysia" 9ubang 9erian" 9elantan" !alaysia Pra;a$' A+'(;ar(, !& in E76" &irector of research" 8ealthy 8u+an $ociety" 9ath+andu" 7e al3 President of 7e alese &octors %rgani2ation3 *!$ +e+orial 'cade+y of E76 and 8ead and 7ec, $tudies" 60 6eaching 8os ital" I%!" 9ath+andu " 7e al 4u'amma+ *aroo= A>am Ra%'ore, $ ecialist in /ehabilitation !edicine" 'r+ed .orces Institute of /ehabilitation !edicine ('.I/!)" /awal indi" Pa,istan
[Electronic Physician 2011; 3: 111-377 http://www.ephysician.ir ] Page 112
?a!ar 4a'moo+, !&3 in %thorhinolaringology 5 8ead and 7ec, surgery" $enior /egistrar in E76 &e art+ent" $irsyed College %f !edical $ciences" 9arachi " Pa,istan Ra8ee5 Ara5(n+'a;$'a, 'ssoc3 Prof3" &e t3 of E ide+iology 5 Public health" %+an +edical college" $ohar" %+an Ha+( <'a$em(, &&$ 5 Ph&" &e t3 of Co++unity %ral 8ealth" .aculty of &entistry" !ashhad 0niversity of !edical $ciences" !ashhad" Iran *ar>am <orou'(, !&" &er+atology lab" 0niversity of California " 0$' <'a+a 9'al(l Al Ta8(r, Ph& in Phar+acology" 'ssociate Professor" &e art+ent of Phar+acology" .aculty of !edicine" 0'E 0niversity" 'l 'in" 03'3E S(ma 2e$'ara%, !&" *olestan /esearch Center of *asteroentrology and 8e atology (*/C*8)" *olestan 0niversity of !edical $ciences" *organ" Iran A#a$al% Ho$$e(n>+e' Cola)ar, Ph& in !olecular and Cell #iology" 'ssistant Professor" &e art+ent of #iology" 0niversity of !a2andaran" Iran 4an($'a Sa'ay, !&3 in 7e hrology" Incharge Professor and 8ead of &e art+ent of 7e hrology %s+ania !edical College" India 4an(;a A)ar6al, !&3 in %bstetrics 5 *ynaecology" 'ssistant rofessor" 7orth Easther Indira *andhi /egional Institute of 8ealth 5 !edical $ciences (7EI*/I8!$)" $hillong " India 4o8%a#a 4o'$en(0 Ph& in !icrobiology" 'ssociate Professor" 0niversity of !a2andaran " Iran S'a+( Sara'roo+(, Ph& in Phar+acology" 'ssistant rofessor in Phar+acology" $chool of !edicine" <o+ 0niversity of !edical $ciences" <o+" Iran <ur8ee% S(n)' <ula%( *asteroenterologist" 'sst3 Professor" $63 $te hens 8os ital" 7ew &elhi" India Le(la Sa!ae(an Nae(n( Ph& in Phar+acology" Phar+aceutical ex ert in vice chancellory for har+aceutics and food" Isfahan 0niversity of !edical $ciences" Iran
Ham(+re>a Sa!a#a;'$', !&3 5 !P8" 9horasan #lood #an," Iran Ha$$an 4an$our(%or)'a#e' !$c in 8e+atology and #lood #an,ing" Ph& Candidate in 6hro+bosis and 8ae+ostasis" I++unology /esearch Center" *hae+ hos ital" !ashhad" Iran Ra;e$' 9umar Sa'ay, !&3 in Endocrinology" Professor" %s+ania !edical College" 8yderabad " India Sa#a ?u#a(r A##a$(, !&3 in E76 and $urgery" 6rainee /!% in E76 de art+ent" Jinnah Post *raduate !edical Centre" Pa,istan 4ar(a Ra>>a= 2u%%, !##$" &e art+ent of %bstetrics and *ynecology" 7awa2 $harif $ocial $ecurity 8os ital" Lahore3 Pa,istan A;$'ay S'arma, !##$" 9asturba !edical College" India Na5nee% A)ra6al, !&" &iabetologist and 'ssistant Professor in &e art+ent of !edicine at *a=ra /a=a !edical College 5 J ' *rou of 8os itals"*walior " India Ham(+re>a 4a'#oo#(, 8or+o2gan 0niversity of !edical $ciences" #andar 'bbas" Iran Ta'ere' 9'or)oe(, 8or+o2gan 0niversity of !edical $ciences" #andar 'bbas" Iran N(me$';umar Na%arlal Pa%el, !$c3 in 1eterinary Phar+acology" *u=arat" India
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>3 !oha++ad re2a 'ghaee ?3 $afoora Ehsani-far @3 $oheila ',bar2adeh A3 $o+ayeh 'bbasidi B3 Elaheh Ei2i C3 'bolfa2l &ashtbani /oo2behani D3 Leila &olat-'badi E3 7atali *edailu F3 /aana 9ara+i >G3 !a=id 9hora+i >>3 $ana2 La, >?3 $e ideh Latifi >@3 'li !ah+oodi >A3 !aso+eh !oradi >B3 9eyvan !olla-7orou2i >C3 .ariba !oha++adi >D3 Elna2 !oha++adi >E3 Hahra 7ili >F3 'li Poorheidari ?G3 7a2anin /ase,h ?>3 'ghdas /e2vani ??3 /e2a /a=abi- a, ?@3 Javad $a+ad oor ?A3 /e2a $ha=ie ?B3 .ae2eh 6abri2i ?C3 !osa :ousefi
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4e$$a)e !rom V("e Pre$(+en% o! I0 R0 Iran A Hea+ o! P'y$("al E+u"a%(on Or)an(>a%(on
In the Isla+ic /e ublic of Iran" s orts have been e+ hasi2ed to ro+ote the well being of the s rit and body3 %ne of the +ost i+ ortant issues confronting societies including Iran is finding the a ro riate a roach to the overty of +ove+ent in the +echanical life3 6hese days" +any ex enses have been aid to eli+inate body structure roble+s" extra weight" and cardiovascular disease that have been caused by the overty of +ove+ent in society3 6hese ex enses are national assets that should be used a ro riately3 &ifferent sciences and fields have been recogni2ed as one of the +ost i+ ortant factors for i+ roving +ental and hysical conditions" increasing general health" body co+ etence" and the hu+an s irit3 '+ong the s ort fields" hysical fitness and aerobics are so+e of the +ost efficient fields due to their featuresI they can balance +ental and hysical ower and have long-lasting effects on eo lesJ bodies and +inds3 Iran is now the host of the International Congress on Physical .itness and 'erobics3 I ho e that exchanging the infor+ation and using +odern ,nowledge of artici ants and the newly +entioned congress can +a,e the o reveal their value3 Al( Saee+lu Vice President of I. R. Iran and Head of Physical Education Organization ortunity to consolidate hysical fitness and aerobics in different societies and ay +ore attention to the+ than in the ast to
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4e$$a)e !rom %'e I0 R0 Iran *e+era%(on o! SBor%$, Aero#("$, an+ *(%ne$$ Pre$(+en%
In these days" s orts have been turned into one of the +ost i+ ortant illars of hu+an life3 9ee ing and ro+oting the role of s orts in life today relies on using scientific and research findings either in the athletic as ect or health of society3 'ccording to hysical fitness and aerobics in re aring elite athletes as well as a roaching the health and fitness of society" aying attention to the scientific develo +ent of hysical fitness and aerobics is vital3 Physical fitness as a ,ey oint of reaching the ea, of s ort erfor+ance" and health has en=oyed the rogress of s ort science3 'erobics as an effective a roach to health" fitness and scientific develo +ent of s ort for all has en=oyed great i+ ortance as well3 &oubtlessly" des ite the wides read rogress of hysical fitness and aerobics today" both need s ecial infor+ation science in related fields3 Progra++ing and holding scientific congresses are effective and vital +ove+ents in the scientific develo +ent of s orts3 6he International Congress on Physical .itness and 'erobics is an a ro riate o ortunity to offer the latest scientific findings to s ort rofessors" researchers" and coaches" instructors" =udges" s ort club +anagers" athletes" university students" and other eo le involved in s orts3 Presenting foreign and Iranian university s ecialists of hysical fitness and aerobics in the above-+entioned congress shows the s ecific lace of scientific develo +ent of s ort and health of the society3 I ho e that by using the scientific achieve+ent of this congress" we will ta,e ste s forward in offering s ecial services as well as ro+oting the health and ha iness of society. Ro#a# S'a'r(an President of I. R. IranFederation of Sports, Aero ics and Fitness
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Preface ;elco+e to the International Conference of Physical .itness and 'erobics" which is hosted by Physical .itness and 'erobics .ederation in 6ehran" Iran3 6he conference is a valuable o ortunity to develo the direction of hysical education and s ort as the underlying su ly and education art of a healthy society and countryJs national develo +ent3 $urely exchange of scientific infor+ation" culture" and s orts between the artici ants and resenting the latest achieve+ents in science and ro+oting scientific and e+ irical richness of societyKes ecially s orts and aerobic hysical fitness and their underlying effects on creating a bright futureKwill be co+ rehensive3 It was a leasure to set the scientific conferences" s orts" and success by holding the first international scientific and aerobic fitness conference3 .ollowing this conference" the following ob=ectives +ust be achieved: L L Present the latest research findings in hysical fitness and aerobics3 Pro+ote ,nowledge +anagers" educators" rofessionals and ractitioners in this field3
Pro+ote scientific and aerobic fitness in the country3 L Exchange of infor+ationKscientific and e+ irical researchKbetween different grou s artici ating in the conference3
L $tudy co++unity-based issues and rovide scientific and ractical i+ le+entation strategies to reserve and ro+ote the structural and o erational as ects of s orts3 ' ro riate in light of infor+ation that was very convivial and good acade+ics and hysical fitness and aerobics enthusiasts deter+ined to excel sub+itted about CGG abstracts to the $ecretariat se+inar3 6here are various areas in s ort science that were thoroughly a lied to all sections of this conferenceI therefore" four o ti+al areas for overall conference goals were to include: s ort hysiology" s ort +anage+ent" +otor behavior and s orts +edicine3 'ssessed without the na+e and osition" a ers available to researchers and faculty +e+bers of the congress were res ected
and every scientific article in at least three was =udged3 'ccording to the criteria and standards acce ted CB articles were acce ted for lecture and >EG were acce ted as osters3 .or the richness of the scientific conference" >A ro+inent rofessors and local and foreign ex erts in this regard for s eeches to s ecial audiences were invited to s ea, on a sensitive to ic of their choice3 6he rediction and training wor,sho s conducted >? scientific and ractical issues regarding hysical fitness and aerobics" and other li,e-+inded +anage+ent achieve+ents were Council Conference3 It is worth noting in this field to rovide scientific out ut and its o ti+al use by researchers and enthusiasts within and outside the country" articles to boo,s" C&" indexed" and ublished in restigious scientific =ournals internationally offered3 /es ected s orts authorities ho e to +a,e the country aware of the i+ ortance of scientific develo +ent and strengthening exercise" articularly aerobic fitness and +ost contacts in the country and the world have all the basic exercises" as well as to advance the structural growth and continuation of such activities of the .ederation through those scientific efforts3 I ,now that as Conference $ecretary of the .ederation" +anager in the develo +ent of this +ove+ent and all de uties and $cientific Conference Council colleagues" estee+ed faculty +e+bers and all organi2ations that have any holding in this conference in coo eration with the goals have been honored3 1r0 Ha#(# Honar( Se"re%ary <eneral o! Con!eren"e
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In%erna%(onal Le"%urer 2(o)raB'y
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Pro!0 1r0 La%(!!a' A#+ul La%(!! Universiti Putra Malaysia
&r Latiffah 'bdul Latiff is a Professor of Public 8ealth !edicine in 0niversiti Putra !alaysia3 $he is currently the coordinator of Cancer E ide+iology 0nit in the Laboratory for Cancer /esearchI 0P!!'97'I Institute of #ioscienceI and 0niversiti Putra !alaysia since ?GGC3 $he has been very active in research and consultancy activities es ecially in the area of Preventive !edicine: Cardiovascular &iseasesI !etabolic $yndro+e /is, .actors and PreventionI Physical 'ctivity and 8ealthy Lifestyle Pro+otion3 6he 0niversity a ointed her as the &e uty &irector of *erontology Institute in ?GG? till ?GGB3 $he was awarded a study grant by the International Institute on 'geingI 0nited 7ation and visited several *eriatric centers in !'L6'3 CurrentlyI she is heading the &iagnosticI 6hera euticI E ide+iology and Co++unity Progra+ in Laboratory for Cancer /esearchI 0P!-!'97'I Institute of #ioscienceI0P! since ?GGC3 $he is a Life !e+ber of *erontological 'ssociation of !alaysiaI Life !e+ber of !alaysian !edical 'ssociationI Life !e+ber of the !alaysian Public 8ealth Physician 'ssociation and Life !e+ber of !alaysian ;o+en Postgraduate 'ssociation3 8er diversified research areas of interest and s eciali2ations are E ide+iology: Preventive !edicine: Cardiovascular &iseasesI !etabolic $yndro+e /is, .actors and PreventionI Physical 'ctivity and healthy Lifestyle ro+otionI *eriatrics and *erontology: &e+entia and 'l2hei+erJs diseaseI Co++unicable diseases PreventionI Cancer &iagnosisI Prevention and !anage+entI Public 8ealth: .a+ily 8ealthI 8ealth Education and Pro+otionI 8ealthMrelated <uality of LifeI Productive and 8ealthy 'geingI 8ealth $yste+s !anage+entI 8ealth $yste+s /esearchI Pri+ary 8ealth CareI 8u+an /esource &evelo +entI and 8erbal !edicine3
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Pro!0 1r0 4ar; 20 An+er$en, Victoria University; Melbourne; Australia
!ar, #3 'ndersen is a registered sychologist in 'ustralia and licensed to ractice sychology in the 0nited $tates3 8e is a Professor at 1ictoria 0niversity in !elbourneI 'ustralia3 8e teaches in the $chool of $ ort and Exercise $cience and the Institute of $ ortI ExerciseI and 'ctive Living3 8e co-ordinates the +asterJs and doctor of a lied sychology degrees (s ort and exercise sychology e+ hasis) in the $chool of $ocial $ciences and Psychology3 8e received his doctorate fro+ the 0niversity of 'ri2ona in >FEE and i++igrated to 'ustralia in >FFA3 'lso in >FFAI he received the &orothy 8arris !e+orial 'ward fro+ the 'ssociation for the 'dvance+ent of ' lied $ ort Psychology for excellence as a young scholar/ ractitioner3 8e teaches courses in research designI sychology of rehabilitationI and the rofessional ractice of sychology3 8is areas of research interest include the sychology of in=ury and rehabilitationI the role of exercise in +ental healthI well beingI and Ouality of lifeI the training and su ervision of graduate studentsI and the ractice of s ort sychology service delivery3 8e is the for+er editor of the Professional Practice section of the international =ournal !he Sport Psychologist3 8e has ublished +ore than >?G refereed =ournal articles and boo, cha ters and has +ade over >GG national and international conference resentations3 8is three edited boo,s "oing Sport Psychology# Sport Psychology in Practice# and Psychology in the Physical and $anual !herapies are used around the world3 &r3 'ndersen has wor,ed for +any years counselling athletes and erfor+ing artists ranging fro+ twelveyear old =uniors to ballet dancers to '+erican and 'ustralian %ly+ ians3
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1r0 D(n+on) 4a Tsinghua university Beijing China
&r !aJs /esearch has focused on two areas: +echanis+ res onsible for s,eletal +uscle wea,ness and the role of the hysical activity in the +anage+ent and treat+ent of 8ealth3 8e investigates the effects of s,eletal +uscular exercise and inactivity and the role that exercise +ediated change in s,eletal +uscle in roviding rotection against ische+ia-re erfusion in=ury3in addition to conducting s,eletal +uscular research3 &r !a also interested in health rogra+s36he ob=ectives designed to e+ hasi2e Ouality lifeI well-being and functional ca acity-all i+ ortant wellness considerations a+ong adolescentsIyong adult Iand adults3 &r !aJs wor, has received a nu+ber of ro+inent national foundations in China38e also ublished a nu+ber of articles in organi2ing large ga+es3 &r !a also wor,s as associate &eanI &ivision of Physical Education and $ ort $cienceI 6singhua 0niversityI one of the best universities in China3 /es onsibilities included directing3 6he o eration of the &ivisionI ad+inistering research rogra+sI +anaging facilities and EOui +entsI overseeing s ort and recreational venues with an annual budget of over PB !illion in Chinese currencyI and su ervising over CG staff +e+bers3 ro+inent =ournals related areas in China3 .urther+oreI 8e also has rogra+s and ex erience directing the o eration of the de art+entI ad+inistering research
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&uring #ei=ing %ly+ ic *a+eI &r !a also wor,ed as
*eneral !anagerI 6raining 1enus for
#as,etballI ;ater PoloI and &ivingI #ei=ing %rgani2ing Co++ittee for the %ly+ ic *a+es3 /es onsibilities included directing the ad+inistrative affairs of nine o erational &ivisions with a budget of over P@ +illion in Chinese currency and su ervising a staff tea+ of over AGG +e+bers3
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1r0 Jo'nny *0 Nel Head II T
Johnny .3
7el %btained various undergraduate Oualification in
sychology and a &octorate in
Educational Cognitive Psychology fro+ the 0niversity of Pretoria3 8e has co-authored nu+erous textboo,s/+anuals on s ort sychology and erfor+ance conditioning3 &r3 7el has founded nu+erous de art+ents related to educationI highly gifted children as well as $ orts $cience and .itness3 8e has received international awards fro+ the ;orld Council for *ifted Children and the 7ational $trength and Conditioning 'ssociation3 &r3 7el has been a +e+ber of various international and national co++ittees and is currently the 8ead of International Institute for $ orts $cience and .itness 6raining in $outh 'frica (II.6) and a +e+ber of the $ orts $cience and !edical Co++ission of the $outh 'frica $ orts Confederation and %ly+ ic Co++ittee ($'$C%C)3
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1r Jul(en 10 PEr(ar+ The University of !ydney; Australia
&r3 Julien PQriard is a ost-doctoral research fellow in environ+ental hysiology at '$PE6'/I <atar %rtho aedic and $ orts !edicine 8os ital3 8e co+ leted his Ph& at the 0niversity of $ydneyI 'ustraliaI in ?G>> where he investigated the li+its to aerobic exercise erfor+ance in the heat3 8is research was funded by the restigious 0niversity of $ydney International /esearch $cholarshi 3 Prior to his doctoral wor, he investigated vaso+otor and sudo+otor control during and following exercise at various intensities under heat stress (0niversity of %ttawaI ?GGG-?GG@)3 .ro+ ?GGF to ?G>G he was a ostgraduate research and teaching fellow at the 0niversity of $ydney3 &r3 PQriard has been recognised as an 'cade+ic 'll-Canadian and was a finalist at the Canadian $ociety for Exercise Physiology *raduate $tudent 'ward Co+ etition (?GG?)3 In additionI he received the :oung Investigator 'ward for best oral resentation at the Exercise and $ ort $cience 'ustralia Conference (?G>G)3 'long with his acade+ic ursuitsI &r3 PQriard ossesses a uniOue understanding of endurance athletics at the elite levelI having co+ eted on the International 6riathlon 0nion ;orld Cu Circuit for Canada (?GG?-?GGD)3 8is rinci le research interests lie with hu+an cardiovascular and neuro+uscular function during exercise in adverse environ+ental conditionsI including hy erther+ia and hy oxia3 .urther+oreI he has a ,een interest in heat shoc, roteins and their role in hu+an heat tolerance3
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Exercise Physiology
Oral Presentation
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TO INVESTI<ATE THE RELATION O* EPI1E4IOLO<IC *ACTOR, O2ESITY, AN1 ANTHROPO4ETRIC IN1ICATORS A4ON< :O4EN IN TEHRAN Parichehr 8anachi Alzahra %ni&ersity, !ehran, Iran
A#$%ra"% %besity is ,ind of +alnutrition in which high accu+ulation of fat is seen3 'n obese erson is defined by being at least ?GR over the favorable weight3 %besity could result in +etabolic disorders including hy erli ide+iaI hy ertensionI arteriosclerosisI increased ris, of insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease3 In additionI obesity redis oses the individuals to the overweight- along with hereditary factorsI change in life styleI eating habits and loss of hysical activity3 $tudies have shown that li id distribution rofile has a critical role in identification disease ris, factors3 !oreoverI eo le with fat iling u in their girth are rone to develo ing diabetesI cardiovascular disease and hy ertension3 6hereforeI other anthro o+etric indicators are used for deter+ination of li id body +ass3 ;8t/I #!I and ;8/ are co++on indicators for esti+ates of li id in body36he overall ai+ of this study was to deter+ine the relationshi between e ide+iologic statusI obesity and anthro o+etric indicators a+ong wo+en in 6ehran3 $a+ ling was erfor+ed by +ulti rando+ clustering3 .irstI ?? districts of 6ehran were divided into B +ain grou s as 7orthI $outhI ;estI East and Center distract which several regions were chosen by clustering3 6he Ouestionnaires were filled out by the artici ants3 &ata set includes ageI +arriage ageI +arital statusI nu+ber of regnanciesI nu+ber of childrenI occu ationI state of activityI history of arental obesity and the hours of hysical training during the wee,3 Partici ationI ;8/I ;8t/ and #!I were analy2ed the statistical analysis were erfor+ed by $P$$ 13>D software using t-student test for inde endent grou s and Pearson correlation3'bout EGR of the sub=ects did not ta,e su le+ents with +a=ority residing in south of 6ehran3 6he other ?GR with the +a=ority living in west of 6ehran used su le+ents3 !ultivita+insI calciu+I ferrous tablet and %+ega@ were the +ost used su le+ents3 'round EAR of the artici ants clai+ed no history of any disease3 ;hereasI >CR of the+ had history of diabetesI hy ertension and renal disorders of which the +a=ority reside in north of 6ehran3 6he hor+onal disorders were the +ost co++on disease in the sub=ects3 6he average #!I was ?A3A S A3@ ,g/+? with the +ini+u+ in wo+en of south 6ehran and the +axi+u+ in west 6ehran3 6he average ;8/ was G3ESG3GF with the least in wo+en of 7orth 6ehran and the +ost in west 6ehran3 6he average ;8t/ a+ong wo+en in all the districts of 6ehran was G3BSG3GE with the +ini+u+ in wo+en of 7orth 6ehran and +axi+u+ in wo+en of west3 9ey 6or+$: o esity# anthropo'etric indicators# (o'en# !ehran# epide'iology
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PHYSICAL *ITNESS NOR4S O* THE PRE.SCHOOL CHIL1REN O* TEHRAN 8a+id 'gha 'line=adI !ansoreh $alariI $o+aye 9a+=oo Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity, )entral !ehran *ranch
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study was to rovide the hysical fitness nor+s of re-school children of 6ehran3 6he sub=ects were AGG re-school boys and girls (+ean age of CSG3?A 5 CSG3?> yrsI body +ass ?>3D?SB3>A 5 ?>3GC SA3GA ,gI 8eight >>D3>?SC3A 5 >>D3>?SC3A c+I 1%?+ax BG3D@S>3EC 5 B>3BFS?3GD +l/,g/+in for girl 5 boys res ectivly) of 6ehran3 ;e +easured 1%?+axI heightI body +assI #!II trice s 5 culf s,infoldsI R#.I ;8/ and ;$/ for roviding the nor+s3 /esults showed 6ehranian re-school girls and boys have good aerobic fitness but they have high R#.3 6hereforeI it is suggested to give +uch i+ ortance to hysical activity rogra+s for re-school children3 9ey 6or+$3 Physical Fitness# pre+school )hildren# !ehran# ,or's
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THE E**ECT O* ONE SESSION CIRC7IT RESISTANCE EDERCISE ON SER74 HO4OCYSTEINE LEVELS O* HEALTHY 4EN :ITH OVER:EI<HT 7ahid #i=ehI '+ir /ashid La+irI !ohsen Jafari Ferdo(si %ni&ersity of $ashahd
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study was surveying the effect of a single bout circuit resistance exercise on 8cy levels of inactive +en3 $ub=ects divided into exercise grou (nT>A) and control grou (nTF) Circuit exercise co+ rised >G exercises with intensity of @BR of >/!3 #lood sa+ les were collected @G +inutes before and i++ediately after training3 &ata were analy2ed using inde endent sa+ le 6 test in $P$$>C3G software (PUG3GB)3 'nalysis of data showed significant elevation of seru+ 8cy levels after training in exercise grou but not in control grou 3 Elevation of 8cy levels after one session circuit resistance exercise reflects atherosclerosis ris,3 6hus in lanning of training for inactive +en regulation of durationI intensity and ty e of exercise should be considered3 9ey 6or+$3 )ircuit Resistance E-ercise# Ho'ocysteine
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E**ECTS O* SPRINT INTERVAL AN1 CONTIN7O7S EN17RANCE TRAININ< ON IN*LA44ATORY 6ahereh 'refi radI .aribor2 8ovanlooI $a==ad 'h+adi 2ad Shahid *eheshti %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% Chronic and infla++atory diseases are +ore factor of deathI while there is reverse relation between cardio ul+onary fitness and disease3 In the other handI anti-infla++atory effects of exercise training have been confir+ed and itVs effect have been showed on ro and anti infla++atory cyto,ines3 6he ai+ of this study was to co+ are the effects of two ty e of s rint interval ($I6) and continuous endurance (CE6) training on infla++atory factors3 /esearch +ethod: $ixteen students who had recreational activities artici ated in the study and were rando+ly 'ssigned to two training grou s (age ?@3C?S?3@@ yearI weight CB3?CSF3@E ,g 1o?+ax @@3FCSB3C? +l/,g/+in)3 6he $I6 grou co+ leted a training rotocol @ days/w, for ? wee,s which included four to six @G-s Wall-outX ;ingate tests se arated by A +in of recovery3 6he CE6 rotocol included FG->?G +in cycling at CBR of their +axi+u+ oxygen u ta,e (1o ?+ax) which was erfor+ed @ days/w, and for two wee,s3 In each grou two blood sa+ les were collected before and ? days after the training3 #lood and seru+ sa+ les were analy2ed for IL-CI IL->G and C/PI white blood cells (;#C)I glucose and insulin3 8%!'-I/ was calculated by using the glucose and insulin concentrations3 &ata were statistically analy2ed by using re eated +easures of '7%1' and !ann-;hitney 03 /esults: /esults shown that there was no significant difference between the two training effects on all +easured ara+eters ( YG3GB)3 8oweverI C/PI IL->G and ;#C levels were decreased in res onse to both training rotocolsI though IL-C and I/ decreased in $I6 while in res onse to EC6 rotocol IL-C increased and I/ was not significantly changed3 &iscussion and Conclusion: #ased on the findings of the resent study it was concluded that the s rint interval training and continuous endurance training would affect on infla++atory +ar,ers si+ilarly3 9ey 6or+$3 I.+/# I.+01# )RP# Sprint Inter&al ! raining# )ontinuous Endurance !raining
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THE E**ECT O* SELECTE1 EDERCISE PRO<RA4 AN1 CONS74PTION O* VITA4IN 1 S7PPLE4ENTATION ON PEACE O* PATIENTS :ITH ASTH4A Heynab /a2avi !a=d>I Parvaneh 7a2arali>I !oha++ad /e2a 9ordi?I Parichehr 8anachi> 0. Alzahra %ni&ersity 2. !ehran %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this researchI deter+ine of the effect aerobic exercise training rogra+ and consu+ tion 1ita+in & su le+ent on .orced Ex iratory 1olu+e in .irst second(.E1 >) in 'sth+atic atients3>C 'sth+atic atients(E erson in exercise grou 5 E erson control grou ) were selected3 'sth+atic atientsJ grou exercise has under ta,en E-wee, aerobic exercise training rogra+ and consu+ tion 1ita+in & su le+ent and control grou have not rogra+3 #org scale for erceived exertion was e+ loyed for self Mevaluation of exercise loading3 6here was significant different in .E1 > between re and ost test in asth+atic atients in exercise grou 3 therefore can be conclude aerobic exercise training and consu+ tion 1ita+in & su le+ent increase .E1> and art of ul+onary rehabilitation rogra+s be for asth+atic atients3 9ey :or+$3 Aero ic E-ercise !raining# FEV# Spiro'etry# Asth'atic patients
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PRE1ICTION O* THE HEART RATE F7ANTITY IN1ED O* THE 9ATCH . 4CAR1LE STEP TEST A PROVISION O* A NOR4 #a,htiar 6artibianI 8a+2eh ',bariI #eh2ad 8a=i 2adeh
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of the resent study was rediction of the heart rate Ouantity index of the 9atch!c'rdle ste test and rovision of a new nor+ for deter+ining of level of cardiovascular fitness according to the heart rate Ouantity index and ageI heightI weight and body +ass index in active +en and wo+en3 .or this ur ose selected >CF active +en and >?@ active wo+en rando+ly and laced in five age grou s and the sub=ects erfor+ance was evaluated in 9atch !c 'rdle ste test3 6he results showed that in active +enI the heart rate Ouantity index in the #!I (??-?@ ,g/+?) and in the age ranges of >E-??I ?@-?DI ?E-@?I @@-@D and Y@E years was to arrange+ent >3CI >CEI >3D@I >3EC and ?3?G and in active wo+enI in the order of >3CBI >DGI >FGI ?3?G and ?3?G (ICCT r G3FCI PTG/GG>) obtained3 .inallyI the results of this study suggestI whatever athletes closed to the #!I ??-?@ (,g/+?)I their cardiovascular finesses increase3 6his result is not re orted to now3 9ey 6or+$3 )ardio&ascular fitness# Acti&e 'en and (o'en# e-ercise tests
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T'e E!!e"%$ o! Aero#(" ECer"($e Tra(n(n) on C'an)e$ o! Re$%(n) In!lamma%ory R($; *a"%or$ an+ P'y$("al *(%ne$$ o! Sel!.reBor% A++("%e+ Per$on$ %o re'a#(l(%a%(on Cen%er$ #ahareh $hei, sarrafI .a2ollah .atollahiI 9hosro JalaliI !oha++ad .ara+ar2iI !a=id $oltani
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study evaluated the effect of a eriod of aerobic exercise on elected resting level changesI so+e new infla++atory cardiovascular ris, factors and fitness addicts to rehabilitation centers is introduced 3@G eo le re resenting their drug rehabilitation centers with a +ean age (@D / ? S F@/?@)I height (DG / ? S D? / >)I weight (?G / B S AG/CC)I #!I (BF / > S BE/??) rando+ly selected as the statistical sa+ le3 #lood sa+ les were collected in two stages3 'll hysical and blood tests a wee, before the start of training courses and ?A hours after the last training session with the sa+e chronological order were +easured 'nd was transferred to the laboratory3 6o test hy othesesI and discover +eaningful relationshi sI es ecially co+ ared to the changes in levels of C/PI fibrinogenI L&LI 8&LI and white blood cells before and after air-t-test and also co+ are their concentration a+ong a grou of inde endent t-test analysis was used3 #etween levelsI C/PI fibrinogenI L&LI 8&LI and white blood cells before and after exerciseI there is a significant difference (PZG/GB)3 #etween the results of the rateI C/PI fibrinogenI L&LI 8&LI and white blood cells a+ong the different grou s were significantly different according to result of resent research eralI our research data indicate beneficial effects of +oderate intensity exerciseI inde endent of any diet on weightI #!II ;8/I variables related to health-related fitnessII C/PI fibrinogenI L&LI 8&L and las+a white blood cells these eo le are3 %verallI this research could exercise rogra+ for these classes of eo le who have been in the crowd increased ris, of diseases associated with inactivity are to rovide3
9ey 6or+$3 E-ercise# Heart ris3 factor# )RP# Fi rinogen# H".# .".# 4*)
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E**ECT O* PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON 2ONE 4ASS 1ENSITY IN THE ATHLETES :O4EN !arya+ 'bdollahiI Parvaneh 7a2araliI Parichehr 8anachi Alzahra %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% Patterns of training different have different effects on bone +ass density in the athletes that is not well investigated in the athleteJs wo+en3 >? handball layers and >? ,arate layers with at least >G years of s orts bac,ground and the average age between ?G to ?B were selectedI not by rando+ly but with ai+I 'lso >? inactive eo le were considered in order to control the case3 #one +ass density of ob=ects +easure by &E['3 /esearchers exa+ine hy othesis by '7%1'3 In this researchI the #!& in hi =ointI lu+bar s ine \Ll-LA] and roxi+al of forear+ were significant a+ong of the grou s (PUG3GB)3 Perfor+ of stably and long ti+e of s ort activities has saleint effect on bone +ass density of athletes3 9ey 6or+$3 Athletes 4o'en# Physical Acti&ity# *one $ass "ensity
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E**ECTS O* A PERIO1 SELECTE1 AERO2IC TRAININ< ON P7L4ONARY *7NCTION AN1 HE4ATOLO<ICAL *ACTOR IN CHE4ICAL :EAPONS VICTI4 :O4EN 7i,uo 9hosraviI Parvaneh 7a2araliI $o+ayeh :a2dan a=oh Alzahra %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of the resent study was effects of a eriod selected aerobic training on ul+onary function and he+atological factor in che+ical wea ons victi+ wo+en 3.or this reason @> wo+en without che+ical acute ul+onary disease artici ate in this study and were divided two grou s Itraining (+ean age :@G/DSB/EFIheight :>C>/>SB/>EIweight:CA/> SD/@F)and control (+ean age:@?/ESC/GEI height :>BF/GS@/B?I Iweight:CF/D S>?/@E)38eart rate and systolic and diastolic blood ressure at rest and after the initial fasting blood sa+ les obtained fro+ sub=ects 36hen sub=ects erfor+ed exercise rogra+ include aerobic training for E wee,s (@day a wee, for @G-AG +in)with the intensity of AGR-CGR !8/ 3Correlated 6- test between grou s and inde endent grou s was used( UG/GB)3/esults of this study showed that a eriod selected aerobic training was significantly effect on ul+onary function(R.E1 > ^_ R!11(RDBR?BR).E.^R.1C/ R.E1> )and no significant effects on he+atological factor (;#C-/#C8#-PL6-8C6) in che+ical wea ons victi+ wo+en3 9ey 6or+$3 He'atological Factor# Selected Aero ic !raining# )he'ical 4eapons Victi' 4o'en
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THE E**ECT O* EI<HT :EE9S AERO2IC TRAININ< ON RENAL *7NCTION 4AR9ERS IN O2ESE <IRLS 6ayebeh '+iri ParsaI 'lire2a 8oseini 9a,h,I !ar2ye '2arnivehI !oha++ad /e2a 8a+edi nia
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was the study of the effect of eight wee,s aerobic training and detraining on renal function +ar,ers in obese girls3 ?A obese girls (#!I`@?) divided into two grou s: aerobic and control3 'erobic trainingI trained aerobics exercise E wee,sI >G days detraining was followed3 #efore and after training and detraining blood sa+ le were ta,en3 Cys CI Crn and *./ +easured3 6he results showed Cys C decreased and Crn and *./ increased (not significantly)3 &etraining had no effect on +ar,ers3 'erobic training has ositive effect on renal function +ar,ers in obese girls3 8oweverI for +ore effectiveness the training rogra+ with higher duration and volu+e and dieting reco++ended3 9ey 6or+$3 Aero ic training# Renal Function# )ystatin )# O ese girls
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ASSOCIATION A4ON< LI*ESTYLE STAT7S AN1 1YSLIPI1E4IA IN SELECTE1 POP7LATION O* SHIRA? A17LTS !ehra2ad !oghadasiI .arhad !orave=iI !ohadeseh 7e+atollah 2adeI /ah+an Javan+ardi Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity# Sciences 5 Researchs Fars *ranch
A#$%ra"% Changes in lifestyle such as dietary and hysical activity habits +ay effective strategy for i+ rove dysli ide+ia howeverI it still re+ains unclear3 6husI the ai+ of this study was to deter+ine the association a+ong lifestyle status and dysli ide+ia in $hira2 adults3 %ne hundred forty four +ale (nT C>I +ean S $&: @E3E S >A3? years of age) and fe+ale (nT E@I +ean S $&: AA3F S >C3B years of age) artici ated in this study3 Each sub=ectJs lifestyle status was assessed by a self-ad+inistered Ouestionnaire based on #reslowJs lifestyle index and diet was assessed using a ??-ite+ food-freOuency Ouestionnaire3 6he results de+onstrated a negative relationshi between #reslowJs lifestyle indexI hysical fitness and education levels with dysli ide+ia in the both sexes3 %n the other handI the results showed that there is a ositive relationshi between less healthy foods with total cholesterolI triglyceride and L&L-c and an inverse relationshi between less healthy foods with 8&L-c3 *eneral linear regression analysis de+onstrated that food consu+ tion attern was inde endently associated with blood li id rofile in fe+ale3 In conclusionI unhealthy lifestyles +ay cause dysli ide+ia3 9ey 6or+$3 *reslo(6s .ifestyle Inde-# Physical Fitness# Food )onsu'ption Pattern# "yslipide'ia
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E**ECTS O* AERO2IC EDERCISE INTENSITY ON 2O1Y CO4POSITION AN1 LIPI1 PRO*ILE CHAN<ES IN O2ESEGOVER:EI<HT :O4EN 7eda *ahdiri #ahra+ abadiI $ayed !oha++ad !arandiI .ahi+eh Esfar=aniI 8osein !o=tahedi Isfahan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% Pur ose- 6o exa+ine the effects of aerobic exercise intensity on body co+ osition and li id rofile changes in obese/overweight wo+en3 !ethod- .orty-.ive +iddle-agedI obese/overweight wo+en (age: ?B-AGyears and #!I`?B-@G,g/+ ?) co+ leted one-of-three->G wee, aerobic exercise interventions: >) !oderate exercise training (AB- BGR8// +ax)I ?)intensity aerobic exercise(DG-DBR8//+ax)I @)no exercise training(control)3 Partici ants exercised @days3wee,->for >G wee,s er session CG +inutes3 6he intensity of aerobic exercise were controlled by lunch cali er and +easure+ents of body co+ osition and seru+ li id rofile indices in er and ost test3 /esults-!oderate and intensity aerobic exercise has a significant changes on weight ( UG/GGG)I fat ercent ( UG/GA)I #!I ( YG/GG>)I fat weight( UG/GG@)I lean body weight( UG/G?)I ;8/(PUG/GGG)I 8&L(PUG/GGG) in atients3 6he differences between grou s were s eciali2ed by $heffe test3 Conclusions-6he resent data indicate that body co+ osition and li id rofile changes are affected by intensity of aerobic exercise training for reducing weightI fat ercentsI #!II fat weightI lean body weightI ;8/I 8&L in obese/overweight wo+en3 9ey 6or+$3 Physical Acti&ity# *ody )o'position# .ipid Profile# O ese7o&er(eight
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CO4PARISON O* 1I**ERENT INTENSITY CIRC7IT RESISTANCE TRAININ< ON APPETITE O* 4ALE AN1 *E4ALE ATHLETES ST71ENTS /astegar 8osseiniI 8a+id 'ra2iI 8iwa !oradianiI $o+ayeh /oohi 8uilan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to co+ are the effect of different resistance circuit training intensity on the athleteJs a etite3 6he target o ulation consisted entirely +ale and fe+ale athleteJs student the 0niversity of *uilan3 'fter translation the standard Ouestionnaires (1'$)I (.lintI ?GGG) and +odifiedI were evaluated by rofessorJs faculty of hysical education and s ort sciences3 6he reliability analysis yielded (Cronbach 'l ha G3C@)3 .or this ur oseI AB +ales (@ grou s of >B ersons) and AB fe+ales (@ grou s of >B ersons)I with +ean age of ?>S>/EB and ?>S?A/? yearsI height >DC/G?SB/FF and >C>SA/F@ c+I weight CE/@CSF/?F and BBSC/EF,g and body +ass index ?>/G?S>/F and ?>/F>S?/F res ectively3 $ub=ects in three se arate sessions erfor+ed circuit resistance training with different intensity (BGRI CBR and EGR one re etition +axi+u+) rando+ly3 6he collected data was analy2ed by 9'I t-testI one-way '7%1' and 6u,ey3 /esults showed that exercise training with intensity of BGR vs CBR >/! significantly increase a etite of +ale and fe+ale (P U G3GB)3 ;hile the differences in a etite between exercise with intensity of CBR vs EGR >/! and BGR vs EGR >/! in +ale and fe+ale were not significant ( YG/GB): #ased on results fro+ this study can conclude that the circuit training with low intensity co+ ared with high intensity can be effective in reducing a etite3 6hereforeI with res ect to exercise considerationI we suggest that low exercise intensity to revent tendency to high consu+ tionI articularly in fields reOuiring weight control is reco++ended3 9ey 6or+$3 Appetite# $ale and Fe'ale Athletes# )ircuit Resistance !raining
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E**ECT O* STREN<TH TRAININ< :IHT CONS74PTION ?INC S7PPLE4ENT ON STREN<TH AN1 SER74 LIPI1 PRO*ILE ON ACTIVE :O4EN .ate+eh 8eiat>I Parvaneh 7a2arali>I Parichehr 8anachi>I $he,oufeh *ol,hou>I !o=taba 8adi our? 0. Alzahra %ni&ersity# 2.Higher Education )o'ple- of Fasa
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study was to investigate the effect of 2inc su le+ent on strength and seru+ li id rofile on hysical activity wo+en3 !ethod: 6he target o ulation of research was all of hysical education students in 'l2ahra 0niversity3 ?A sub=ects (ageT?G3@@ S >3D yrsI heightT>C@3>? S C3DB c+I weightTCG3CC S E3?D ,g) selected rando+ly3 $ub=ects co+ leted testing session at er wee, u to E wee,s that included >/! test on bench and leg ress (trice s5 Ouadrice s strength) and blood sa+ le analysis to deter+ined 6*I 6CI L&LI 8&LI and L&L/8&L3 $ub=ects were then divided in lacebo and ex eri+ent grou rando+ly3 Either lacebo (>gr/d dextrose) and 2n grou (?B+g/d 2n) to begin resistance training for E wee,s according to a rotocol that design by author3 6he collected data were analy2ed by s ss ver:>> through t student (de endent 5 inde endent)3/esult: the results indicated that: >- 2n su le+ent (?B+g/d) had non-significant effect on strength of sub=ects3 ?- 2n su le+ent (?B+g/d) had non-significant effect on seru+ li id rofile in both grou s3 Conclusion: 6he findings of this study indicate that using 2n su le+ent dos not a ear enhance strength and also dos not have ositive effect on seru+ li id rofile3 'ccording to this finding author suggested that using of 2n su le+ent should be under ta,en by hysician3 It is reOuired that non significant results +ay because of a+ount of used the su le+entI the ,ind of contraction recruit in the resistance training and the ti+e of a ly the su le+ent therefore these results +aybe not severe and exceed investigation see+ necessary3 9ey 6or+$3 9inc Supple'ent :zn;# .ipid Profile# Resistance E-ercise# Acti&e 4o'en
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CO4PARISON O* SELECTIVE AERO2IC AN1 PILATES EDERCISE ON LEPTIN LEVELS A CAR1IOVASC7LAR RIS9 *ACTORS IN SE1ENTARY :O4EN '2a+ /a+e2an ,haniI Parvaneh 7a2araliI Parichehr 8anachi Alzahra %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study was Co+ arison of selective aerobic exercise and Pilates trainings on le tin and cardiovascular ris, factors in sedentary wo+en3 !aterials and !ethods: Call the ho+e health area ? 6ehran +unici alitiesI 6hirty four wo+en (age: @G-AGy) were recruited and divided rando+ly in grou s as following: control (CI nT>G)I aerobic (E[I nT>?) and Pilates (nT>?)3 Partici ants of E[ and Pilates grou s erfor+ed trainings @ sessions/wee,I AB +in/session for >C wee,s at CG-DBR of +axi+u+ heart rate3 In order to deter+ine le tin and blood rofilesI blood sa+ les were ta,en at baseline and >C w,3 'll statistical analyses were erfor+ed with $P$$ >C3G3 Level of significance were set at PUG3GB3 /esults: $eru+ Le tin showed significant decrease in E[ and Pilates following >Cw,I and were different a+ong ex eri+ental grou s3 #lood li ids werenJt significant changes within and between grou sI however the ratio of 8&L-C/L&L-C increased significantly in ex eri+ental grou s3 Conclusion: $eru+ Le tin concentrations showed significant changes within and between exercise grou s following >Cw,I however exercise interventions were oor achieved i+ rove+ents in so+e of blood rofiles3 9ey 6or+$3 O esity# Selecti&e Aero ic E-ercise# Pilates E-ercise# .eptin# Sedentary 4o'en
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THE E**ECT O* / 4ONTHS 4O1ERATE AERO2IC TRAININ< ON SO4E SELECTIVE 4AR9ERS O* I447NITY SYSTE4 O* A<E1 SE1ENTARY 4EN !ohsen ',bar our>I !aghsoud Piri>I !oha++ad 'li '2arbay=ani>I 8a+id 'gha 'line=ad>I !ahdi .ahi+i? 0. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity )entral !ehran *ranch 2. 8ho' %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study is deter+ining the effect of C +onths +oderate aerobic training on 1%?+ax and so+e selective +ar,ers of i++unity syste+ of aged sedentary +en3 .orty sedentary and healthy aged +ales (+ean S $& age CB S ? years and weight DAS>? ,g) were selected and voluntary then rando+ly divided into two ex eri+ental and control grou 33 6hus in case of fast all sub=ects were ta,en vo?+ax test and blood sa+ le ( retest)3 'fterward the ex eri+ental grou erfor+ed +oderate aerobic training three ti+es a wee, for C +onths (the first @ +onths with intensity @B-ABR8// and duration ?G-@G+inutes and the second @ +onths with AB-CGR8// and duration @G-AG +inutes) and control grou didnJt had any regular training rogra+3 !oreoverI the above +entioned tests(vo?+ax and blood sa+ ling) were ta,en at three +onths (+idtest) and at C +onths( osttest) and nu+ber of )" A and )"E cells and the )" A / )"E ratio were +easured by flocyto+etry +ethods3 $tatistical analyses carried out on data by re eated +easures '7%1'I 5 t student tests3 6he result of analysis showed thatI aerobic training increase vo?+ax (>F/B R)(PURB) 3 the a+ount of )" A and )"E in training grou had increased significantly than the control grou (the rate ?E/B and @@/FB R)(PURB) 3 the )" A / )"E ratio in training grou was significantly lower than the control grou (the rate ER)(PURB)3In conclusionI +oderate aerobic exercises increase vo?+ax and nu+ber of C&A cells and C&E cells in healthy elders if ersists at least C +onthsI i+ roving i++une syste+ function to rotect the+ against i++une M syste+ de endent aged +en3 9ey words3 vo"#a$; Aerobic %unning; )" A ; )"E ; %atio of )" A & )"E
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THE E**ECT O* AERO2IC EDERCISES IN :ATER AN1 LAN1 ON SO4E PHYSICAL AN1 4OTOR *ITNESS *ACTORS IN NON. ATHLETE <IRLS ST71ENTS 'lire2a /ahi+i>I 'rdeshir Hafari?I !alihe 'rda,ani2adeh@ 0. Isla'ic Azad uni&ersity <ara= *ranch 2. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity 9an=an *ranch >. "a'ghan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this research is the effect of aerobic exercise in water and land on so+e hysical and +otor fitness factors in non- athlete girls students3 6he +ethod of research is ,ind of OuasiM ex eri+ental research3 $tatistical society included non- athlete girlJs students of basic science university in &a+ghan3 $ub=ects consisted @G eo le (>E- ?B age) that selected fro+ statistical society by rando+ sa+ ling are laced on two exercised grou ing water and land 3.actors of hysical and +otor fitness +easured and they included: aerobic owerI ex losive owerI balance and reaction ti+e3 #oth exercised grou s do aerobic exercise during six wee, and @ sessions er wee, (>E sessions) and after doing aerobic exercisesI ost test acted with eOual condition3 .or statistical analyses used fro+ descri tion statistical and t test de ended and t test inde endent3 /esearch results shown that aerobic exercise on land has significant effect on aerobic owerI balance and ex losive ower but not significant on reaction ti+e3 'erobic exercise in water on factors of balanceI aerobic ower and ex losive ower has significant effect after exercise3 #ut $ix wee,s aerobic exercise in U3 /3GB and not significant effect on reaction ti+e3 'lsoI results of research are shown that between aerobic exercise in land and aerobic exercise in water not significant difference3 %ur findings suggested in addition of aerobic exercises in landI it can use of aerobic exercise in water for achieving +ore hysical and +otor fitness3 9ey 6or+$3 Physical Fitness# $otor Fitness# Aero ic E-ercise in 4ater# Aero ic E-ercise in .and# ,on+ athlete 8irls
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E!!e"%$ o! Re$($%an"e ECer"($e In%en$(%y on A+(Bo"y%o;(ne$ an+ In$ul(n Sen$(%(5(%y 'rash 9hoda+ardiI $a==ad 'h+adi 2adI 9hosro Ebrahi+I !ahdi 8edayati Shahid *eheshti %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he resent study was designed to deter+ine the effect of resistance exercise intensity on le tinI adi onectin and insulin sensitivity in young healthy +en3 !ethods: .ifteen healthy +ale sub=ects voluntarily artici ated in the study3 'fter two fa+iliari2ation sessions and deter+ining the +axi+al strengthI all sub=ects co+ leted three resistance exercise trials at an intensity corres onding to @GRI BBRI and EGR of >-/! rando+ly3 6wo blood sa+ les were obtained before exercise and i++ediately after exercise and analy2ed for le tinI adi onectinI las+a insulin and glucose3 /esults: &ata analysis revealed that resistance exercise increases adi onectinI insulinI glucoseI concentrations and insulin sensitivityI while it reduced the le tin concentration significantly3 8oweverI resistance exercise intensity had no significant effect on any of the above variables exce t for le tin concentration3 Conclusions: #ased on the findings it could be concluded that when the resistance exercise volu+e is eOualI exce t for changes in le tin these changes are not related to the intensity of exercise3 9ey 6or+$3 Adiponectin# .eptin# .nsulin Sensiti&ity
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THE E**ECT O* EI<HT :EE9S AERO2IC TRAININ< ON PLAS4A *I2RINO<EN IN OVER:EI<HT 4EN '+ir /ashid La+irI !ohsen Jafari
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study was to exa+ine the effects of eight wee,s aerobic exercise on fibrinogen levels in +iddle aged overweight +en3 @G inactive +iddle aged +en that their #!I were between ?B and @G rando+ly assigned into ex eri+ental and control grou s (each grou >B sub=ects)3 $ub=ects of ex eri+ental grou acco+ lished eight wee,s (@ sessions er wee,) aerobic exercise with intensity of BG to DG ercent of their +axi+u+ heart rate3 #efore and after trainingsI weightI body fat ercent and fibrinogen levels of sub=ects were deter+ined3 %btained &ata were analy2ed using inde endent sa+ les 6 test3 'fter trainings /esults showed significant reduction of weightI #!II body fat ercent and fibrinogen levels in ex eri+ental grou (PUG3GB)3 %verallI eight wee,s regular aerobic exercise through reduction of weightI body fat and fibrinogen cause reduction of ris, of +yocardial infarction3 9ey 6or+$3 Aero ic !raining# Fi rinogen# O&er(eight $en
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THE E**ECT O* - SESSIONS AERO2IC TRAININ< ON SER74 LEPTIN CONCENTRATION IN SE1ENTARY *E4ALES 'rdeshi HafariI !arya+ /osta+i Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity 9an=an *ranch
A#$%ra"% Le tin hor+one which lays a +a=or role in regulating the inta,e of energy also has great effect on a etite3 Exercise is considerable ways in obesity treat+ent3 6his study is trying to investigate the i+ ression of exercise on seru+ Le tin levels in untrained fe+ales36his se+i ex eri+ental study was done according to +ean co+ are +ethod on @? untrained girlJs (?G-?B yrs)I who were volunterd Partici ation and rando+ly divided into control and training grou s3 6he inde endent variable had is aerobic training (B wee,s * @days* >hour) was based on the rogressive overload rinci al3 Le tin was +easured by ELI$' +ethod using ars a2+on ,its3 !ean values of re and ost test of le tin were co+ ared by inde endent and aired sa+ le t tests ( Z G3GB)3 6he co+ arison of the +ean in ost test indicated that aerobic exercise +ight not have affected Le tin level ( TG3AA)3 9ey 6or+$3 .eptin# Aero ic !raining# 4o'en
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THE CO4PARISON O* THE E**ECT O* AERO2IC TRAININ< PRO<RA4 :ITH 1IET AN1 1IET ON CAR1IO RESPIRATORY *ITNESS AN1 ANTHROPO4ETRIC IN1ICES IN PATIENTS :ITH NON ALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS 8osein 7i,rouI 8a+idre2a $i+aI $ayed /e2a 'ttar2adehI 8oseiniI !ohsen 7e+ati
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study to were evaluate and co+ are the effects of E wee,s of aerobic training rogra+ acco+ anied by diet and diet alone on 'nthro o+etric Indices and cardio res iratory fitness in atients with 7onalcoholic $teatohe atitis (7'$8)3 6husI ?@ 7'$8 volunteers with an age range of ?B to BG yearsI rando+ly they were divided in two ex eri+ental grou sI grou >: >? atientsI intervention aerobic training rogra+ acco+ anied by a diet (&aEx) and grou ?: >> atientsI intervention diet rogra+ (&))3 'nthro o+etric Indices and ea, oxygen consu+ tion was +easured in the beginning and end of eight wee,s of the intervention3 $P$$ software was used to analy2e data3 $tatistical test wereI 9-$I Paired $a+ les 6 6est and Inde endent-$a+ les 6 6estI which res ectively used for ensure nor+al distributionI co+ ared within grou and between grou sI and the was acce ted statistically significant level (PU G/GB)3 /esults 'fter E wee,s showed that both grou s in anthro o+etric tests decreased significantly and ea, oxygen consu+ tion increased significantly and there were also differences significantly between grou s in variables ;CI ;8 /I ;8t/ and 1%? ea,3 a +ore favorable than i+ act of diet alone on reducing ;CI ;8 /I ;8t/ and increased 1%? ea, in atients with non alcoholic $teatohe atitis3
9ey 6or+$3 ,onalcoholic Steatohepatitis# Aero ic !raining E-ercise# "iet# )ardio Respiratory Fitness# VO2pea3# Anthropo'etric Indices
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A CO4PARISON O* THE PRE*ERRE1 :AL9IN< SPEE1 (P:S) AN1 ENER<Y EDPEN1IT7RE 2ET:EEN O2ESE AN1 NOR4AL :EI<HT :O4EN 7eda 'ghaeiI $aeideh $had+ehri
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study is to co+ aring P;$ and energy ex enditure in a rang of s eeds between obese and nor+al weight wo+en3 7ineteen non-athlete students were selected and divided into two grou s based on their #!I: obese (#!IT @?3>S >3DI 7TF) and nor+al weight (#!IT ?>3AS >3AI 7T>G)3 6he sub=ectsJ 1%?+ax was +easured using a +odified #ruce and an o en circuit res iro+etry syste+3 6he sub=ectsJ P;$ was +easured in a field along a DG-+ section3 6he energy ex enditure(EE) was +easured while sub=ects wal,ed on a tread+ill at six different s eeds (G3BGI G3DBI >3GI >3?BI >3BI >3DB and P;$ +/sI B +inute trailsI with a B +inute rest eriod between trails) using o en circuit res iro+etry syste+3 Inde endent $tudentJs t tests was used to deter+ine grou differences in hysical characteristics (i3e3I heightI body +assI lean body +assI ercent body fatI 1%?+axI and referred wal,ing s eed)3 6wo-factor re eated +easures '7%1' was used to deter+ine how wal,ing s eed affects energy cost er distance3 6he statistical analyses of the study revealed no significant differences between P;$ and energy cost er distance in this s eed for obese wo+en (P;$T>3?SG3>I EETASG3A) and nor+al weight wo+en (P;$T>3@SG3>I EET?3DSG3A)3 6he o ti+al s eed in nor+al weight wo+en was >3@ +/s and in obese wo+en were >3?@ +/s that they used res ectively ?3ED and ?3DB =/,g/+ energy in this s eeds3 9ey 6or+$3 P4S# Energy )ost per "istance# Opti'al Speed
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E**ECT O* A TAPERIN< PERIO1 TO PEA9 THE PER*OR4ANCE !ahdi #ayatiI 8a+id 'gha 'line=adI 'h+ad &onya+aliI 1ahid :ousefi I.R.Iran )anoeing# Ro(ing 5 Sailing Federation# ,ational )anoeing# Ro(ing 5 Sailing Acade'y
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of resent study was to exa+ine @ wee,s of ta ering to ea, the aerobic erfor+ance of elite ,aya,ers3 Eleven elite ,aya,ers (D +ales and A fe+ales) volunteered to artici ate in this study3 Pre and Post the ta ering eriodI sub=ects erfor+ed a rogressive exercise test on a ,aya, ergo+eter to deter+ine aerobic erfor+ance variables3 6a ering rotocol consisted of @G ercent decrease of training load for a @-wee, eriod3 'll data were analy2ed using de endent t-tests3 6he al ha level for statistical significance was set at PZG3GB3 6he results of the investigation indicated that 1% ?+ax (absolute and relative)I the +ini+al velocity associated with 1%?+ax and 1%? in lactate threshold increased significantly after the ta ering eriod (PUG3GB)3 6here are not significant differences in other variables (PYG3GB)3 6he resent findings suggest that a @-wee, ta ering eriod results to increase aerobic erfor+ance in elite ,aya,ers3 9ey 6or+$3 !apering# Pea3 the Perfor'ance# <aya3er
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CO4PARISON THE E**ECT O* YO<A AN1 AERO2IC TRAININ<S ON 2O1Y CO4POSITION AN1 PHYSICAL *ITNESS O* 7NTRAINE1 :O4EN 1ahideh !o+eniI .ahi+eh Esfar=aniI !oha++ad !arandi Isfahan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he resent study was designed to co+ arison the effect of yoga and aerobic trainings on body co+ osition and hysical fitness of untrained wo+en3 $tatistical o ulation of this study was @G untrained wo+en (aged ?>-@? yr) in !eybod3 6he artici ants were rando+ly and eOually divided in three grou s (yogaI aerobicI control)3 Ex eri+ental grou s train their s ecial exercise rogra+ during E wee,s3 $tudy variant was weightI waist: hi ratio (;8/)I fat ercent (R#.)I aerobic owerI hand gri I flexibility3 &ata was analy2ed using descri tive statisticsI analysis of covariate ('7C%1') and $cheffe ost hoc test3 6he results showed a significant reduction between ;8/I R#. in aerobic and yoga grou sI and weight in aerobic grou I toward control grou 3 6oo there were a significant increase between aerobic ower and hand gri in aerobic and yoga grou sI and flexibility in yoga grou sI toward control grou 3 In base on this results there are no significant different between two aerobic and yoga training3 #ut for increasing flexibilityI yoga training was better than aerobic training3 6oo for reducing weightI aerobic training was better than yoga training3 9ey 6or+$3 ?oga# Aero ic# *ody )o'position# Fat Percent# Aero ic Po(er# Fle-i ility
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THE IN*L7ENCE O* PHYSICAL *ITNESS AN1 AERO2IC TRAININ< ON F7ALITY O* LI*E (FOL) IN 4ALES AN1 *E4ALES Parvaneh 7a2arali Alzahra %ni&ersity A#$%ar"% Lifestyle is the +ost i+ ortant factor that can affect health3 /ecentlyI a broader conce t of health is discussed and this is <oL i+ rove+ent3 <oLI well being and life satisfaction as an indicator of general health and +ental health are considered3 $oI the ai+ of resent study was to investigating the effect of hysical fitness and aerobic training on <oL of +ales and fe+ales3 In this study @FG eo le (?BG fe+ales and >AG +ales) fro+ 9horasan /a2avi rovince (!ashhad city) selected with cluster sa+ ling a+ong +ales and fe+ales artici ating in hysical fitness and aerobic training rogra+3 6o evaluate <oL used $.@C Ouestionnaire3 &ata was analy2ed with descri tive and inflectional statistics and $P$$ software3 %verallI sub=ects included CAR and @AR fe+ales and +alesI res ectively3 #ased on field and gender brea,downI fe+ales artici ated in hysical fitness and aerobic training rogra+ ?A3AR and DB3CRI res ectivelyI and +eles artici ated in hysical fitness and aerobic training rogra+ BG3DR and AF3@RI res ectively3 /egard to evaluate <oL indexes ( hysical activityI hysical disordersI +ental disordersI energy / fatigueI +ental healthI social activityI hysical ain and general health)I results are: >3 #etween +ales and fe+ales artici ated in hysical fitness training rogra+I in hysical disorder and ain indexesI fe+ales were better than +ales and there was significant deference between the+ ( U G3GB)3 ?3 #etween +ales and fe+ales artici ated in aerobic training rogra+I in social activity factorI +ales better than fe+ales and there was significant deference between the+ ( U G3GB)3 @3 6here was no significant difference in fe+ales artici ated in hysical fitness and aerobic training rogra+ in <oL factors ( U G3GB)3 A3 6here was no significant difference in +ale artici ated in hysical fitness and aerobic training rogra+ in <oL factors ( U G3GB)3 In generalI there was no significant difference in <oL level of fe+ales and +ales artici ated in hysical fitness and aerobic training rogra+3
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Exercise Physiology
Poster Presentation
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A CO4PARISON 2ET:EEN THE E**ECT O* ONE SESSION AERO2IC AN1 ANAERO2IC EDERCISE ON SALIVARY I<AGTOTAL PROTEIN VARIATION NONATHLETIC <IRL !onavar 6abarestani>I $irous Choobineh?I !oha++ad /e2a 9ordi?I !ohsen 6abarestani> 0. Ferdo(si %ni&ersity of $ashhad 2. !ehran %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% %b=ective study were co+ ared the i+ act of a session of aerobic and anaerobic activity than changes in Ig' $alivary and total rotein non-athletic girls3 $ub=ects of resent study were @C fe+ale non-athletic divided rando+ly in three grou s (anaerobic activity with +ean age of ?@S>3F> yearsI aerobic activity with +ean age of ?>S>3AB years and the control grou with +ean age ?@3?BS?3GF years)3 $alivary sa+ les were collected before and i++ediately after the execution of the desired test3 In this studyI was used the /'$6 test and $huttle /un3 'nalysis of statistic data done using one-way analysis of variance and Correlated t-test3 6he results of the research showed no significant difference changes total rotein salivary Ig' ratio studied three grou s3 Correlated t-test results showed no significant changes within total rotein salivary Ig' ratio in any of the grou s3 9ey 6or+$3 Sali&ary IgA# RAS! !est# Shuttle Run !est# ,on+athletic girls
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THE E**ECT O* :HOLE 2O1Y VI2RATION AS A :AR4 7P TOOL ON PER*OR4ANCE IN1EDES O* ANAERO2IC PO:ER AN1 *LEDI2ILITY IN ACTIVE AN1 INACTIVE 4EN $a==ad 'rshadiI 8asan !atin 8o+aeiI $ayed Javad !ir ghani Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity )entral !ehran *ranch
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was the effect of whole body vibration as a war+ u tool on anaerobic erfor+ance indexes and flexibility in active an unactive +en3 6he artici ants were >? trained healthy +ale and >? untrained healthy +ale3 6he study was conducted in two days with ti+e interval of one wee, In the first dayI >B +in active war+ u was carried out including =oggingI stretching +ove+entsI and cycling on ergo+eterI 6henI several tests was carried outI sit and reachI vertical =u+ and ;ingate 6est of @GsI for assessing anaerobic ea, owerI average owerI +ini+u+ ower and fatigue index ercentage3 In the second dayI artici ants use the vibration with freOuency @G 8H and a+ litude >G ++ for >B +inI then the tests of sit and reachI vertical =u+ and ;ingate 6est of @Gs was i+ le+ented . ' $tudents aired t-test was used to co+ are the statistical differences in active war+ u and ;#13 &ifferences a+ong +eans were considered statistically significant by the criterion of robability value ZG3GB3 /esultes was shown that ;#1 resulted in significant increases in erfor+ance indexes in active +en and inactive +enI but this change was +ore in inactive +en in co+ are with active +en3 %n the basis of these results we conclude that ;#1 is an effective tool for o ti+i2ing subseOuent +uscular anaerobic erfor+ance3 6herefor ;#1 lead to increasing in +uscular erfor+ance because vibration +ay elicit excitatory flow through short s indle M +otoneurons connections in the overall +otoneuron inflow3 9ey :or+$: Anaero ic Perfor'ance# Fle-i ility# 4ar' up# 4hole *ody Vi ration
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THE E**ECT O* :ATER I44ERSION AN1 PASSIVE RECOVERY ON 2LOO1 LACTATE AN1 S72SEF7ENT S:I44IN< PER*OR4ANCE Heynab /e2aeiI .ahi+eh Esfar=aniI $ayed !oha++ad !arandi Isfahan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6his study investigated the effect of water i++ersion and assive recovery on blood lactate and subseOuent swi++ing erfor+ance3 6en elite wo+an swi++ersI age (>D3E ?3?)I co+ leted three ex eri+ental trials differing in >B +in recovery intervention three ti+es in a wee, with AE hrs distance: land (sitting near the ool) (P'$)I contrast water thera y (C;6) (alternating hot AG I? +in /cold ?B +in) and cold water i++ersion(C;I)( ?B )3 #efore and after >GG-+eters front crawl and after the recovery blood lactateI heart rate and s,in te+ erature were recorded3 In during of recoveryI blood lactate and heart rate evaluated each three +inute3 'fter the recoveryI artici ants re eated >GG-+eters front crawl3 /esults show that 8eart rate decreased significantly in C;I toward P'$3 Lactate re+oval was largest in C;6 co+ ared to the P'$3 $,in te+ erature and fatigue decreased significantly after i++ersion and significant difference was observed in subseOuent erfor+ance after i++ersion toward P'$ ( U G3GB)3 $o it see+s i++ersion conditionsI can enhance Ouality of recovery3 9ey 6or+$3 )ontrast 4ater !herapy# )old 4ater I''ersion# Repeated S(i''ing# .actate
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CO4PARISON THE E**ECT O* THREE STREN<TH TRAININ< 4ETHO1S :ITH 4ADI4AL LOA1S ON I4PROVIN< PECTORAL AN1 2ICEPS 47SCLES STREN<TH 8adi !oradiI 8osein !o=tahediI .arhad 'h+adiI !ahdi Chahian Isfahan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study is to co+ are the effect of three strength training +ethods with +axi+al loads on i+ roving ectoral and bice s +uscles strength3 !axi+al strength of AB +ale students of Isfahan 0niversityI were +easured re and ost eriod with (> /!) test in bench ress and bice s curls exercises3 $ub=ects re laced in three grou s and trained E wee,s3 &ata were analy2ed by using '7%1' and L$& tests3 .lat yra+id loading attern (C) indicated significant difference with yra+id (') and reverse yra+id (#) atterns in +axi+al strength of bench ress3 6ooI +axi+al strength of bice s curlI flat yra+id loading attern indicated significant difference than yra+id attern3 Can be concludedI when the ai+ of training is i+ roving of +axi+al strengthI using of flat yra+id loading attern (.PLP) riority to yra+id and reverse yra+id loading atterns3 9ey 6or+$3 Strength !raining# $uscles# $a-i'al .oad
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E**ECT O* T:O 9IN1 O* EDERCISE :ITH 1I**ERENT INTENSITY ON :HITE 2LOO1 CELL S72SET IN NATIONAL *E4ALE 9AYA9ERS $ana2 Han=anianI Parvaneh 7a2aaliI !asou+eh $ho=aei Alzahra %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study is to deter+ine the effect of exercise with low and high intensity in so+e i++une factors in elite wo+enVs ,aya,ers3 !ethod: >> sub=ects with +ean age (>E/D?S>/>) weight (BD/DS C/?A) and high (>CB SC/>C) artici ated in the study3 #efore exercise rogra+ blood sa+ le were ta,en at rest after war+ u they rowed @G +inutes with CB row rhyth+ er +inute3 $uddenly after exercise blood sa+ le were ta,en again and was sent to laboratory38igh intensity exercise rotocol was done ?A hours later in the sa+e condition3 6hey rowed @G +inutes with FG row rhyth+ er +inute and bloods sa+ le were ta,e3 $tatistical analyses +ethod used were '7%1' with re eated +easures3 /esult:6he result of research showed that one session exercise with low intensity caused decreasing in ly+ hocyte3 Eoseno hilsI but caused an increasing in !onocyte I 7eutro hil and white blood cell which none of the+ were significant(PYG/GB)3'lso one session exercise with high intensity caused a decreasing in Ly+ hocyte I!onocyteI and Eoseno hilI but caused increased in 7eotro hil I;hite #lood CellIthis increasing was =ust significant in ;hite #lood Cell(PUG/GB)3 9ey 6or+$: 4*)# .y'phocyte# $onocyte# ,eutrophil# Eosinophil# Intensity
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CO4PARISON O* ACTIVE VERS7S PASSIVE RECOVERY ON S7STAIN A2ILITY O* REPETITIONS, 2LOO1 LACTATE AN1 RPE 17RIN< REPEATE1 2O7TS O* SF7AT AN1 2ENCH PRESS 'bou2ar JorbonianI 8a+id 'ra2iI !ohsen Ebrahi+i
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study was Co+ arison of active versus assive recovery on sustains ability of re etitionsI blood lactate and /PE during re eated bouts of sOuat and bench ress !ethods: >E trained +ale erfor+ed ? sessions of resistance exercise with DBR >/! in A sets to exhaustionI so that F sub=ects erfor+ed assive recovery (sitting on bench) between bouts of sOuat exercise and F sub=ects erfor+ed active recovery (stretch exercise) between bouts of sOuat and bench ress exercise3 &uration of recovery eriod between sets was @ +inutes3 'fter each setI .reOuencies of re etitionI #lood sa+ le and /PE /esults: In bench ress exerciseI $ignificant differences ( ZG3GB) were observed between twoI three and four bouts active recovery versus assive and In sOuat exerciseI significant differences were between four bout active recovery versus assive recovery in sustain ability of re etitions ( ZG3GB)3 'ctive recovery doesnVt i+ roved blood lactate and /PE Conclusion: Present study indicates that active recovery (stretch exercise) doesnVt i+ roved sustainability of re etitionI blood lactate and /PE in between sets co+ aring with assive recovery0 9ey 6or+$3 Acti&e and Passi&e Reco&ery# .actate# RPE
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TO INVESTI<ATE THE E**ECT O* THE SELECTE1 AERO2IC EDERCISES IN :ATER ON 1EPRESSION IN PATIENT :ITH 47LTIPLE SCLEROSIS (40S) 'sieh 'rdalanI !ah+oud 8e=a2iI !ah+ou $oltaniI 'bbas 7ourianI $aleheh 7oor ne+atollahi Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity $ashhad *ranch
A#$%ra"% #ac,ground and ur ose: !ulti le sclerosis is one of the +ost revalent central nerves syste+ chronic diseases3 #eing chronic of disease natureI not M having augury and lac,ing definite treat+ent and +a,ing involve+ent individual during adolescence are causing to create several neurosisVs in the atients which a+ong the+I the de ression is the +ost revalent3 6he ur ose of this research is to investigate the effect of an exercising rogra+ for eight wee,s within water on the de ression with +s atients3 !ethodology: 6he research ty e is ractical and its +ethod is se+i- e+ irical a+ong >GG +s fe+ale atientsI AG atients were selected as sa+ le with the disease degree of > to AI +ean disease eriod of C/?? years and aging range of ?G to BG years and s itted rando+ly to two grou s na+ely control grou and ex eri+ental grou which in each grou s were ?G atients3 'n exercise rogra+ was erfor+ed by the ex eri+ental grou for eight wee,sI each wee, three exercising sessions along with +axi+u+ heart beat with intensity of BG-CG ercents3 6he tools to collect infor+ation were including gold berg de ression Ouestionnaire3 &ata analy2ing was erfor+ed by the inde endent t and correlated t tests in nor+al data3 in order to nor+ali2e data was used ,ol+eogro h s+irno h test3 .indings: It was observed a significant difference between the re-testI and ost-test de ression in the ex eri+ental grou 3 ( T G/GGGG>) 'fter finishing the exercising eriodI it was obtained a significant difference between control grou and ex eri+ental grou 3( UG3B) Conclusion: $ince the grou ing exercises are ro er to ex ress the roble+s of !$ atients which have been low social relationshi I they cause to su ort the+ highly and rovide base to co++unicate sensationally and constituently and also erfor+ing the aerobic exercises in water cause to i+ rove de ression in !$ atients3 6hereforeI erfor+ing these exercises is reco++ended with atients as a non-+edicinal effective way3 9ey 6or+$3 Selected Aero ic E-ercises in 4ater# $ultiple Sclerosis# "epression
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THE E**ECT CHAN<E SEF7ENCES OR1ER O* CO42INE1 TRAININ< ON SO4E 2IO4OTOR A2ILITIES 8a+id /e2a '2+oon HaviehI 'idin 1ali 2adehI Lotfali #olboli $ohagheghe Arde ili %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to investigate effect seOuences order of co+bined training on +axi+al strength and aerobic ca acity3 !ethods: 6wenty eight hysically active +ale university students were rando+ly assigned to artici ate for E wee,s (@ days er wee,) in one of following training grou : grou C (nTE) served as a controlI E$ (nT>G) and $E (nT>G) co+bined the two rogra++ers in different order during the sa+e training session3 6he following +easure+ents were +ade on all sub=ects before and after E wee,s of training: weightI ercent body fatI +axi+al oxygen consu+ tion (+l/,g/+in)I and one re etition +axi+u+ (>/!) leg ress (LP)I >/! bench ress (#P)3 /esults: 1%?+ax was significantly i+ roved in both grou s E$ (>>/DR) and $E (>>/>R)3 7o significant difference was observed in +agnitude of increase 1%?+ax between grou s E$ and $E3 !uscular strength significantly i+ roved by >>/?R (#P)I AC/>R (LP) for $E grou and >D/DR (#P)I and B?/?R (LP) for E$ grou 3 6here was no significant difference between the two ex eri+ental grou s for #P and LP3 9ey 6or+$3 )o' ined !raining# Strength and Endurance !raining# Aero ic )apacity# $a-i'al Strength
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THE E**ECT O* T:O 1I**ERENT REST INTERVALS ON THE N742ER O* REPETITIONS O* SETS, EDERCISES AN1 TOTAL REPETITION RESISTANCE TRAININ< SESSIONS *OR 7PPER AN1 LO:ER 2O1Y Ehsan 'sghariI 8a+id !hebbiI 8a+id 'ra2iI 'rsalan &a+irchi
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to investigate the effect of two different rest intervals on the nu+ber of re etitions of setsI different resistance exercises and total re etition resistance training sessions for u er and lower body3 .or this reasonI >B trained bodybuilders (age >F3DS@3C yearsI height >DA3@ SC3B c+ and weight D?3FSB3E ,g) too, art in four testing sessions with AE hours recovery between sessions voluntarily3 In the first sessionI >G/! was +easured3 6wo sessions involved lower body exercises (leg extensionI leg curl and leg ress)I with two (/a?) and five +inute (/bB) rest intervals3 6he other two sessions involved u er body exercises (bench ressI trice s ulley and ec-dec,) with two (/c?) and five +inute (/dB) rest intervals3 .or statistical analysis of dataI two-way re eated +easures and L$& ost hoc tests were used3 6he result showed that total of re etitions in /a? (CE3BSA3?) was significantly lower than /bB (E>3>SC3B) (PUG3GB)3 $i+ilarlyI the total re etitions was significantly lower in /c? (D>3BSA3B) co+ ared with /dB (EA3?SB3E)(PUG3GB)3 6he results indicate that the shorter rest intervals not only reduced re etitions er setsI er exercises and total re etitions in resistance training sessionI but also reduced re etitions in followed set er exercise and exercises in the sa+e session3 9ey 6or+$3 Rating of Percei&ed E-ertion# *ench Press# .eg E-tension# and .eg )url
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H.:EE9 AERO2IC EDERCISE E**ECTS ON PLAS4A CONCENTRATIONS O* <HRELIN AN1 <H YO7N< :O4EN Hahra !ir 2endedelI '+ir /ashid L+yrI 'h+ad Ebrahi+i 'tri Ferdo(si %ni&ersity of $ashhad
A#$%ra"% *hrelin lays an i+ ortant role in growth hor+one secretionI energy balance and food inta,e behavior3 ;e exa+ined the effect of eight wee,s of aerobic exercise on las+a *8 and *hrelin concentrations in young wo+en3?G young ;o+en with +ean age ??S> / ? years and #!I (>D/A>S >/ DB) voluntarily selected and rando+ly divided into ex eri+ental and control grou s3 Ex eri+ental grou conducted aerobic training with intensity of EBR -FGR +axi+u+ heart rateI three days a wee, and control grou re+ained without training3 las+a *hrelin and *8 were +easured3 &ata analy2ed with inde endent t test and Pearson correlation by s ss software (version>C)3 /esults: Plas+a *hrelin in ex eri+ental grou significantly3 increased and Plas+a *8 decreased
Conclusion: robably exercise-induced increase in las+a *hrelin following E wee,s of aerobic trainingI is due to negative energy balance and indicates that decrease in *8 is not related to las+a *hrelin levels3 9ey6or+$3 8hrelin# Aero ic !raining# Appetite
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THE ROLE O* AERO2IC EDERCISE ON HEALTH AN1 CHAN<ES O* SO4E 2LOO1 *ACTORS O* *ASTIN< 4EN 'sghar 7i, sereshtI 7ar=es #asiratI 'li 'sghar $arviI '+in 7i, seresht
A#$%ra"% /a+adan is the holy +onth for !usli+s and they fast during this +onth3 6he ur ose of this study was evaluating influence of selected exercise rogra+ and /a+adan fasting on las+a glucoseI li ids and li o roteins3 !ethods and results: $ub=ects of this study were @? healthyI young untrained +en who voluntarily artici ated in this study3 6hey were divided rando+ly to two grou s of exercisers (nT>DI age: ?B3DCSB3?D) and controls (nT>BI age: ?B3A?S@3FF)3 #lood sa+ les were ta,en four ti+es \> day before the beginning of /a+adan .asting (Pre-/.)I >Bth and ?Fth of the /a+adan and @G days after the end of /a+adan .asting ('fter- /.)]3 Exercise training included aerobic exercises (intensity: DGR of +axi+al heart rateI freOuency: @ ti+es a wee,I duration: A wee,s)3 $tatistical +ethod of t and re eated +easure tests were used for analysis3 6riglyceride (6*) and very low density li o rotein (1L&L) were significantly lower in exercise grou at >Bth of /a+adan and 6* was significantly lower 'fter-/f (PZG3GB)3 6here was no significant difference between other variables including low density li o rotein (L&L)I high density li o rotein (8&L)I total cholesterol (6C) and fasting blood sugar (.#$) in exercise and control grou s ( YG3GB)3In exercise grou 6*I 1L&L and .#$ decreased in day >B versus re fastingI 6* and 1L&L increased in day ?F versus day >B and decreased in 'fter-/. versus day >B(PZG3GB)36here were no significant changes within +easures of control grou ( YG3GB) Conclusion: It see+s that +etabolic res onse to fasting is closely related to interactive res onse of exercise and fasting3 9ey 6or+$3 Aero ic !raining# Fasting $en# Ra'adan $onth
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TO INVESTI<ATE 4A<NESI74 ODI1E ON 47SCLE STREN<TH AN1 4< LEVELS IN SER74 O* ATHLETICS :O4EN Parichehr 8anachi>I 'li 'sghar /avasi?I $ha+si Jangi %s,ouei> 0. Alzahra %ni&ersity# 2.!ehran %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6his study exa+ined whether su le+enting the diet with a co++ercial su le+ent containing !agnesiu+ during training on u er and lower 6run, $trength and !g levels in seru+ of athletics wo+en3 ?G wo+enI who were hysically healthy and had been ex erience in hysical activity for at least last six +onths were artici ated in this study3 6he sub=ects were instructed to follow a nor+al lifestyle +aintaining daily habitsI to avoid any +edications3 6he artici ant was rando+ly divided into ? grou s ofI !g and control3 6he grou s of !gI following endurances exercise and su le+entation of !agnesiu+ %xide (?BG+g) and the control grou followed the training without any su le+entation3 6he blood sa+ le was collected before and after the eight wee,s in four grou s to analy2e Hn and !agnesiu+3 6he results show that su le+entation of !g for E wee,s had no significant effect on +uscle strength of lower body in three grou s co+ ared with control grou 3 8owever !g su le+entation had significant effect on +uscle strength of u er body (bac,I hand bending and chest +uscles ( UG3GB)3 6here was not significant changed on rest of u er +uscles3 Conclusion: In conclusion the results of this research indicated that using !g su le+entation +ay cause ositive effect on +uscle strength3 9ey 6or+$: $g Supple'entation# $uscle Strength# Athletics 4o'en
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A CO4PARISON O* *AT ODI1ATION IN :O4EN :ITH NOR4AL AN1 OVER:EI<HT 17RIN< EDERCISE $aeideh $had+ehriI 7eda 'ghaei
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of resent study was to investigate the effect of body fat +ass on fat oxidation ratesI +axi+al fat oxidation and the intensity that elicits +axi+al fat oxidation (.at+ax)3 7ineteen untrained girl students (aged ?@3AS>3DG yrI height >C?3BS>B c+I weight CC3BSB3@B ,g) artici ated in this study as sub=ects and divided into two nor+al weight (#!I T ?>3@S>3AI nT>G) and overweight (#!I T ?F3GS?3BI nTF) grou s3 $ub=ects co+ leted +axi+al graded exercise test on the tread+ill3 *as exchange +easure+ent and heart rate recording were erfor+ed throughout exercise3 .at oxidation rates were calculated using stoichio+etric eOuations3 ' two way analysis variance for re eated +easureI bonferroni and inde endent t test were erfor+ed to analysis data3 6he +ini+al level of significance was set at Z G3GB3 co+ ared with nor+al weight grou (G3?ASG3GB g/+in)I however this differences were not statistically significant ( Z G3GB)3 6he co+ arison of substrate oxidationI at the sa+e exercise intensitiesI showed !.%I .at+ax and fat oxidation ratesI was si+ilar in overweight and nor+al weight wo+en3 6hereforeI it was be concluded that fat oxidation rates during exercise do not increased with increasing body fat3 9ey 6or+$: Fat O-idation# *ody )o'position# E-ercise
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THE CO4PARISON E**ECTS O* S72STIT7TION 7PPER AN1 LO:ER 2O1Y EDERCISES 17RIN< REST INTERVAL ON F7ANTITY O* 7PPER 2O1Y PER*OR4ANCE Ehsahn 'sghariI 8a+id 'ra2i
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to co+ arison the effects of substitution u er and lower body during rest interval on Ouantity of u er body erfor+ance with DBR >/! (/e etition +axi+u+)3 >B trained bodybuilders (age ?G3FS>3F yearsI height >DB3C SA3B c+ and weight DA3ESB3? ,g) too, art in this study voluntarily3 In the first sessionI >/! was +easured3 &uring second to fourth sessionI sub=ects co+ leted exercises during er session one +odels of bench ress +ove+ent with inactive rest ( >)I bench ress +ove+ent with leg extension and inactive rest ( ?)I and bench ress +ove+ent wit seated rowing and inactive rest ( @) rando+ly3 .or statistical analysis of dataI two-way re eated +easures '7%1' and L$& ost hoc were used3 6he result showed that all of three exercise +odel reduced the re etitions in continuous setsI and there were significant differences between continues sets (PTG3GG>)3 'lsoI sustainability of re etitions in > exercise +odel was significantly higher than @ exercise +odel (PTG3GG>)I and ? exercise +odel with @ exercise +odel (PTG3G?)3 6he resent findings indicated thatI there were significant differences between lactate roduct during > and @ +odels (PTG3GG>)I and ? and @ +odels (PTG3G@)3 6hereforeI it see+s that no significant between ercentage of re etition and lactate roduction during exercise +odels > and ?I and this +aybe in favor of co+bined exercises3 6hose reduce all ti+es exercises and +aintain the re etitions in higher level ossibly3 9ey 6or+$: *ench press# .eg E-tension# Seated Ro(ing# Sustaina ility of Repetition# Rest Inter&al
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HEART RATE, 2LOO1 PRESS7RE, AN1 LACTATE RESPONSE TO SA7NA. IN17CE1 RAPI1 :EI<HT LOSS IN ELITE :RESTLERS 8adi /ohaniI 7eda 'ghaei> 0. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity# Ali A ad <atool *ranch
A#$%ra"% Plas+a volu+e reduction is the +ain hysiological dehydration-induced change in body that has significant co+ lication on cardiovascular stability and ther+oregulation syste+ during exercise3 $oI the ur ose of this study was exa+ining the otential dehydration-induced cardiovascular change in wrestlers during exercise as well as lactate res onse Eleven elite wrestlers (+ean ageI ??3@S@3G yrsI weightI CC3?SB3> ,gI #!II ?@3>S>3> ,g/+?I body fatI >>3FS@3B RI 1%?+axI BF3@S>G3A +l/,g/+in) erfor+ed an >>-+in rogressive running test on tread+ill after ra id weight loss via sauna ex osureI once in non-weight loss condition3 Post exercise seru+ lactateI blood he+oglobin and he+atocrit concentrationI in additionI heart rateI systolic and diastolic blood ressure were +easured3 '7%1' with re eated +easure and aired t-test were erfor+ed at ZG3GB significant to evaluate the difference between trails and ti+e oints3 'verage body weight loss in sub=ects was ?3@SG3A R of body +ass3 $ignificant differences were not observed in blood he+oglobin and he+atocrite concentration between trails3 's well asI there was no significant difference in seru+ lactate between trails (E3BS@3E vs3 F3?SA3C ++ol/l for dehydration and control trailsI res ectivelyI YG3GB)3 8eart rate during exercise has no significant changesI howeverI it was significant higher in rest and during >B +in recovery for dehydration trail co+ are to control trail ( ZG3GB)3 $ystolic blood ressure i++ediately after exercise was significantly higher in control trail co+ are in dehydration trail (>CF3ES?B3F vs3 >AD3GS>A3G ++8g in control and dehydration trailI res ectivelyI ZG3GB)3 6he results of this study was shown that ra id weight loss via dehydration u to this extent by trained athletes +ay be has no considerable effect on substrate +etabolis+3 #utI lead to dysfunction in cardiovascular syste+ and has unfavorable effect on cardiovascular stability3 $uch effects +ay ha2ard recovery of wrestler in rest interval during co+ etitionI in conseOuenceI athletic erfor+ance is declined3 9ey 6or+$3 4restling# Rapid 4eight .oss# )ardio&ascular Syste'# .actate# Sauna
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EVAL7ATION THE CAR1IOVASC7LAR CHAN<ES A*TER ONE SESSION 1I**ERENT RESISTANCE EDERCISE IN TRAINE1 4EN 8adi rohaniI 8a+id 'ra2i> 8uilan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study was to evaluate the res onse of ost-exercise blood ressure and heart rate to two different resistance exercise +ethods: &ouble set and $u er set3 @G resistance-trained +ale students (ageI ?>3>S>3D yrsI heightI >DB3BSB3> c+I weightI DA3FSB3E ,gI body fatI >@3ES@3?R) divided rando+ly into three grou s: ControlI &ouble setI and $u er set (nT>GI each grou )3 6he sub=ects of &ouble set grou erfor+ed exercises (bench ressI du+bbell flyI Incline PressI lat ull-downI seated cable row and barbell row) in two sets of >G re etitions with DGR of >/! and one +inute rest interval between sets and exercises3 6he $u er set grou erfor+ed the sa+e exercises in antagonist +usclesI but without rest interval between two consecutive sets3 Control grou erfor+ed no exercise3 8eart rateI systolic and diastolic blood ressure +easured beforeI i++ediately and each >G +in after exercise for FG +in3 6he 'nalysis of 1ariance ('7%1') with /e eated !easures (grou b ti+e) was used to analy2e of dataI followed by ost-hoc #onferroni testI for ZG3GB3 !ean of heart rate in both ex eri+ental grou s was higher throughout ost-exercise than base level as well as than Control grou 3 7onethelessI it was higher in $u er set grou co+ are to &ouble set grou ( ZG3GB)3 $ystolic and diastolic blood ressure decreased in both ex eri+ental grou s after exercise that they were significantly lower in &ouble set co+ are to $u er set ( ZG3GB)I and +aintained in lower levels for FG +in in ost-exercise3 *enerallyI blood ressure is decreased after resistance training that this ost-exercise hy o ressure behavior +ay be varies in different resistance training +ethods3 9ey 6or+$: *lood Pressure# Heart Rate# Resistance !raining# Super Set# "ou le Set
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THE E**ECT O* 4ELATONIN ON CAR1IOVASC7LAR IN1ICES 17RIN< EDERCISE $arya' Soyouf @ahro'i# $ostafa Rahi'i# A as Ali 8aeini# Sirous )hoo ineh
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to deter+ine the effect of +elatonin ingestion on cardio ul+onary indexes during restI exercise and recovery eriod in fe+ale athletes3 8eart rate (8/)I blood ressure (#P) and +axi+al oxygen consu+ tion (1%? +ax) +easured before and after ingestion of +elatonin during exercise3 6en fe+ale bas,etball layers who+ were laying in $hira2 bas,etball leagueI selected for this study based on regularity of their +enstrual cycle in last @ +onth3 6hey erfor+ed the rotocol at luteini2ing hase of their +enstrual cycles in two se arate days with D? hours interval at >>:@G +in in the +orning3 8/I #PI 1%? +ax +easured at the first day3 6o assess their 1%? +ax and study +entioned factors during exercise they erfor+ed #ruce tread+ill rotocol to exhaustion and all above factors +easured during exercise either3 8/I #P3 't the second stageI D? hrs after they ingest >G +g +elatonin and 8/I #PI 1%? +ax +easured @G +inutes after ingesting su le+ent3 6he sa+e rocedure followed for exercise and recovery stages3 Paired-sa+ les 6 test used for data analysis (cTG3GB)3 8/ decreased significantly after ingesting +elatonin during exercise ( TG3GGG>)3 Ingesting +elatonin did not affect resting #P but it significantly decreased #P during exercise and recovery3 .urther+oreI ingesting >G +g of +elatonin before exercise led to significant increase of sub=ects 1%? +ax ( TG3GGG>)3 6he finding of this study shows that ingesting +elatonin decreases 8/I #PI and #6 during restI exercise and recovery +oreover it increases 1%? +ax3 In other ter+I it increases endurance erfor+ance es ecially in war+ environ+ents3 9ey 6or+$: !elatonin# E-ercise Perfor'ance# )ardiorespiratory Inde-es# )hronotype
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THE EPPECT O* H. :EE9 AERO2IC EDERCISE ON 2LOO1 <L7COSE AN1 2O1Y 4ASS IN *E4ALE 1IA2ETES II PATIENTS .ate+eh /ashidiI .ahi+eh Esfar=aniI $eyed !oha++ad !arandi Isfahan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6his study ai+s at finding the effect of E-wee, aerobic exercise on blood glucose and body +ass in fe+ale diabetes II atients3 6hirty .ive wo+en with ty e II diabetes were ur osefully selected and divided to a control grou (nT>D) and an exercise grou (nT>E)3 6he training rogra+ which continued three ti+es a wee, for eight wee,s included CG-+inute aerobic exercises with the intensity of CB to DG ercent of +axi+al heart rate3 6he results of the data analysis indicated that there is significant difference between exercise and control grou s regarding blood sugarI fat ercentage and ;8/3 'lsoI the co+ arison of the re-and ost- test of the exercise grou showed significant difference in blood glucoseI fat ercentage and ;8/3 6hereforeI it see+s that hysical activity can be an i+ ortant factor in reducing blood glucose and so+e factors of body +ass3 9ey 6or+$3 Aero ic E-ercise# *lood 8lucose# *ody $ass# !ype II "ia etes
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PHYSICAL *ITNESS AN1 EDERCISE PHYSIOLO<Y 9NO:LE1<E IN SE1ENTARY 4ALES A*TER A CON1ITIONIN< PRO<RA4 Javad !ehrabaniI .arhad /ah+ani nia 8uilan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of the resent study was to investigate the effects of a s ort for all rogra+ on hysical fitness co+ onentsdd and exercise hysiology ,nowledge in sedentary +ales3d .or this ai+I $ixty-nine +ale exercisersI aged ?>3@D >3DC yearsI and CF +ale controlsI aged ?G3EF >3?> volunteered to ta,e art3 6he +ethod of the study was ex lained to the sub=ectsI and they filled u the consent for+3 6he ex eri+ental grou artici ated in the s ort for all rogra+ @ dI dw,-> for E wee,s and received exercise hysiology theory cou led with active aerobicI enduranceI flexibility exercises and self-direct hysical activity3 6he control grou did not erfor+ any s ecific ty e of exercises3 Physical fitness was +easured at er- ost tests and hysiology ,nowledge only at osttest accordingly: >: !axi+u+ aerobic ca acity (1o?+ax) by using >-+ile running testI ?: !uscle endurance by using sit-u and ush-u tests (>+in)I @: .lexibility by using sit and reach testI and A: Exercise hysiology ,nowledge by a self-design Ouestionnaire3 't the endI t-test was used to co+ are the grou s in osttestI and co+ are the re- ost tests in grou s res ectively36he result of this study revealed that there is significant increase in 1o?+axI sit-u sI ush-u sI flexibilityI and exercise hysiology ,nowledge (PZG3GB) in ex eri+ental grou than the control grou 3 #ody fat ercent was not changed significantly in the ex eri+ental than the control grou (PZG3GB)3 .indings indicated that the s ort for all rogra+ +ight result significant i+ rove+ents in hysical fitness co+ onents and exercise hysiology ,nowledge in sedentary +ales3 9ey6or+$3 Physical Fitness# *ody Fat# Sport Physiology <no(ledge
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THE E**ECT O* LISTENIN< TO 47SIC ON HEART RATE, 2LOO1 PRESS7RE, PRE AN1 TI4E O* *ATI<7E !oha++ad /e2a /a+e2n ourI '+ir !oghada+I Elaheh $hadi far Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity# $ashhad *ranch
A#$%ra"% 6o co+ are the effect of three ty es of +usic during activity on heart rateI blood ressureI P/E and ti+e of fatigue occured in students of 0niversity3!ethods: >B fe+ale students of hysical education with a +ean age of ?>/F@S?/A@ yearsI height >C>/ESB/?? c+ and weight BA/ACSD/?D ,g a+ong the AB student volunteers rando+ly selected intensity EG to EB ercent of +axi+u+ heart rate to exhaustion on stationary bicycle edal border went3 's follows in four different days (a wee, interval)I no +usicI sti+ulating +usicI relaxation +usic and favorite +usic of the dayI the exercise rotocol was erfor+ed3 %nce every three +inutesI the ressure of understanding the sub=ects were recorded3 $tall at the +o+ent of erce tion of ressureI heart rateI blood ressureI fatigue and ti+e were recorded3 $tatistical +ethods: .or the analysis of data fro+ analysis of variance ('7%1') and ost hoc tests to co+ are the+ (L$&) was used ( UG3GB)3 /esults: listening to +usic while driving on the activityI heart rate and erceived ti+e ressure has a significanteffect of fatigue3 $edative activity when listening +usic on heart rate and systolic blood ressure effect is significant3 .avorite +usic while listenning activity on heart rateI systolic blood ressureI rate of erceived ti+e ressure and fatigue has a significant effect3 9ey 6or+$3 $usic# Heart Rate# *lood Pressure# Percei&ed Rate E-ertion# !i'e of Fatigue Occurred
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CO4PARISON O* THE E**ECTS O* T:O 1I**ERENT 4ETHO1S O* CONC7RRENT TRAININ< (CONTIN7O7S A 1ISTINCT) ON 2O1Y CO4POSITION, AERO2IC PO:ER AN1 47SCLE EN17RANCE IN NON. ATHLETE 4ALE ST71ENTS !ahdi *hahre+ani !oghada+I 8a+id 'ra2iI 'li $a+adi
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to co+ are the effect of two different +ethods of concurrent training (continuous 5 distinct) on body co+ ositionI aerobic ower and +uscle endurance in non-athlete +ale students3 .or this reasonI A? non-athlete students (ageI ??3G?S>3F> yrsI heightI >DB3E@SB3EE c+I weightI CF3G>SE3?D ,gI #.I >@3D>S@3@@R) volunteered to artici ate in this study3 $ub=ects were rando+ly assigned to @ grou s: &istinct /esistance-Endurance (&/E) (nT>A)I Continuous /esistance-Endurance (C/E) (nT>A)I and Control (C) (nT>A)3 $ub=ects erfor+ed ? sessions er wee, for >? wee,s3 $trength training includes #ench ressI Lat ull down and cable trice s for u er bodyI sOuatI leg ress and calf raise for lower body +uscles that erfor+ed with ?-@ +in rest interval between sets and exercises3 6hese exercises start with ? setsI >G re etitions and CGR >/! in begin of rogra+ and reached to @ setsI A re etitions and FGR >/! in last wee,3 'erobic training involved ?G +in interval running by DGR +axi+al heart rate in start and raised to AB +in running by FBR 8/+ax in last wee,3 &/E grou erfor+ed aerobic training in one session and resistance training in other session in each wee,3 In contrastI C/E grou erfor+ed both aerobic and resistance training in each session together3 Control grou erfor+ed no regular exercise during this eriod3 6he findings showed #.R reduced significantly in both ex eri+ental grou s co+ are to C grou ( UG3GB)3 Pull-u and situ records of &/E and C/E grou s in ost-test was higher than re-testI but this i+ rove+ent was significantly s+aller in &/E grou in sit-u test ( UG3GB)3 1%?+ax increased significantly after training in both ex eri+ental grou s than control but in &/E grou it i+ roved significantly higher than C/E grou ( >G3EE vs F3GD +le,gf>e+inf>I UG3GB)3 In generalI it can be suggested that for i+ roving aerobic owerI the aerobic training +ust erfor+ed alone not in concurrent for+3 #utI concurrent training +ay be +ore useful for body co+ osition and +uscular endurance than resistance or endurance training alone3 9ey 6or+$3 Resistance !raining# Endurance !raining# )oncurrent !raining# *ody $ass# VO2'a-
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THE E**ECT O* H :EE9S O* HI<H AN1 LO: INTENSITY RESISTANCE TRAININ< O* THE SA4E VOL74E ON *AT *REE 4ASS, *AT PERCENT, 2O1Y 4ASS IN1ED (24I), AN1 *AT 1ISTRI27TION O* YO7N< 7NTRAINE1 4EN 8a+ed $afaeian #olda=iI 8a+id !ohebiI .arhad /ah+ani nia 8uilan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to co+ are the effect of E wee,s of high and low intensity resistance training of the sa+e volu+e on fat free +assI fat ercentI #ody !ass Index(#!I)I and fat distribution of young untrained +en3 .or this ur oseI ?A young untrained +en age ?>3DFS?3DE years oldI height >DASG3D@ c+I and weight CF3DFSF3F ,gI +eanS$& artici ated in this study as sub=ects3 'fter the initial +easuringI the sub=ects were divided in @ grou s of high intensity (EBR of >/!)(nTE)I low intensity( ABR of >/!)(nTE) and control grou (nTE) and trained for E wee,s3 6he results of this study show that after E wee,s of resistance trainingI lean body +ass increased and body fat ercent decreased in both training grou s significantly)P ZG3GB( which in both cases the difference between the training grou s was not significant3 6he abdo+inal to thigh subcutaneous fat ratio and #!I did not changed significantly in both intensities3 'ccording to the findings of this study it can be concluded that if the volu+e of high and low intensity resistance training be the sa+eI then the effects on fat free +assI fat ercentI #ody !ass IndexI and subcutaneous fat distribution will be robably the sa+e3 9ey 6or+$3 Fat Free $ass# *ody $ass Inde-# Su cutaneous Fat "istri ution
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THE RELATIONSHIP 2ET:EEN 2O1Y 4ASS IN1ED AN1 PHYSICAL *ITNESS IN -00 4E1ICAL AN1 N7RSE ST71ENTS $al+an .arali ourI 'sghar 6ofighiI $hiva 'sghari radI /e2a 6alaei %r'ia %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6his study exa+ines the relationshi between the body +ass index (#!I) of an unselected grou of first-year +edical students and their ersonal hysical fitness3 In this cross-sectional studyI BGG first-year +edical and 7ears students were evaluated3 .itness was evaluated by the Eurofit testI which included body co+ ositionI cardiovascular enduranceI flexibilityI +uscular enduranceI +uscular strengthI owerI balance and agility3 6he software $P$$ (version >@) and PearsonJs correlation was used for statistical analysis3 %verweight and obesity in +ales was higher than in fe+ales3 6he total hysical fitness score in fe+ale students was better than that of +ale students3 ;e found a negative correlation between hysical fitness and weightI #!II body fat and wrist to hi ratio in both genders3 In additionI a ositive correlation exits between hi circu+ference and hysical fitness in both grou s3 6his study suggests that acade+ically co+ etitive re+edical students +ay not be involved in hysical activity3 !edical students should be encouraged to +aintain a good #!I and erfor+ hysical exercise3 9ey 6or+$3 Physical Acti&ity# Physical Fitness# *$I# O esity# $edical Students
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A CO4PARISON O* REVERSE LINEAR AN1 1AILY 7N17LATIN< PERIO1I?E1 RESISTANCE PRO<RA4S :ITH EF7ATE1 VOL74E AN1 INTENSITY ON EN17RANCE O* 7NTRAINE1 4EN 8oein '2i+iI !oha++ad /e2a 8a+edi niaI '+ir 8osein 8aghighi
A#$%ra"% Pur ose: 6he ur ose of this study was to co+ are the effects of two resistance rogra+s of daily undulating eriodi2ation and reverse linear eriodi2ation with the eOual volu+e and intensity on endurance indexes3 !ethodology: 6hirty untrainedI +ale volunteers ?B3@E S @3A years old and >DC3?@SC3A c+ high were assigned to one of the two grou s (under either the reverse linear or daily undulating eriodi2ed resistance rogra+s)3 6he reverse linear and daily undulating eriodi2ed resistance rogra+s included >? wee,s of trainingI three sessions er wee,3 /esults: 6he data analysis indicated that body co+ ositionI the +uscular endurance of the u er and lower body and cardiovascular endurance in both eriodi2ation rogra+s increased significantly3 *enerally there are no significant differences between the two training rogra+s3 6he only difference between the two rogra+s is the significant increase in the +uscular endurance of the lower art of the body in the daily undulating eriodi2ed rogra+ than the reverse linear eriodi2ation rogra+3 Conclusion: In general daily undulating eriodi2ation creates higher ada tation in the +uscular endurance of the lower body than the reverse linear eriodi2ation3 9ey 6or+$3 Endurance# Periodization Progra'# Resistance Progra'# Re&erse .inear# "aily %ndulating
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E**ECT O* CO42INATION O* PARALLEL EN17RANCE AN1 STREN<TH TRAININ< ON AERO2IC AN1 ANAERO2IC PO:ER AN1 4ADI4AL STREN<TH O* TRAINE1 A1OLESCENT 4ALE TAE9:ON1O PLAYERS 'li ',bar $adeghi>I 7abi $ha+saei? 0. Ila' Paya'e+e+noor %ni&ersity# 2. Ila' %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this research is the study effect of co+bination of arallel endurance and strength training on aerobic and anaerobic ower and +axi+al strength of trained adolescent +ale tae,wondo layers3 !ethodology: 6o achieve to ai+ of studyI BG tae,wondo layers were considered as sub=ects3 6hen thay distribute to B grou s (strengthI enduranceI strengthenduranceI endurance-strength and control)3 6han ta,e a ri+ary test and all grou s ay to their training rogra+s for E wee,s3 In end of training a ta,e final test3 .or analy2e gathering data was used fro+ $P$$ software3/esults: /esults de+onstrate there is +eaningful difference in aerobic owerI +axi+u+ anaerobicI relative +axi+al strength of lower and u er extre+ities of layers after E wee,s training3 Conclusion: I+ le+entation of co+bined endurance and strength exercises that recently considered to title of a new training +ethod integrate attention of +any of s ort researchers has high efficiency and considered to effective training +ethod in i+ rove and develo aerobic and anaerobic ower and +axi+al strength3 9ey6or+$3 Parallel !raining# Aero ic Po(er# Anaero ic Po(er# $a-i'u' Strength
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THE E**ECT O* T:O :EI<HT TRAININ< PRO<RA4S :ITH 1I**ERENT *ATI<7E ON STREN<TH <AINS Ha'id Arazi# $ohsen E rahi'i
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to investigate the role of fatigue on strength gain in resistance training by co+ aring high fatiguing and low fatiguing training rotocols3 6hirty health adults (age ?>3?C S?3>A yrI height >DA S A c+I weight D>3EG S B3E@,g) assigned to either a high fatigue (8.: four sets of >G re etitions with @G seconds rest between sets)I low fatigue (L.: AG re etitions with @G seconds between each re etition) or control (C: without training) grou s rando+ly3 $ub=ects in the two training grou s undertoo, bench ress training with three ti+es a wee, on average DBR of their > re etition +axi+u+ (>/!)I for >G wee,3 /esults indicated that bench ress training causes a significant increase in ectoral +uscle strength in #oth 8. and L. grou s co+ aring with C grou ( ZG3G>)3 #utI #oth 8. and L. resulted in si+ilar strength gains in >-re etition +axi+u+ bench ress3 It see+s that fatigue in each set does not a ear to be critical sti+uli for strength gain in weight training and we can reach to sa+e results without severe disco+fort and acute hysical effort3 9ey 6or+$A Strength !raining# Fatigue# *ench Press# $uscle Strength
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THE CO4PARISON O* THREE RECOVERY 4ETHO1S (PASSIVE, ACTIVE AN1 SPORT 4ASSA<E) ON H00 AN1 -00 4ETER RECOR1S IN ATHLETE 4ALE ST71ENTS Ehasn 'sghariI 8a+id 'ra2i
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to co+ are of three recovery +ethods ( assiveI active and s ort +assage) on EGG and >BGG +eter records in athlete +ales 0 ?G healthy +ale athletes aged >F to ?B years old too, art in this study voluntarily 0 #etween bouts EGG and >BGG +eter running , assive recovery during first and fourth sessionsI active recovery in second and fifth sessions and s orts +assage (Ouadrice sI ha+stringI gluteus and gastrocne+ius +uscles) recovery during third and sixth sessions were used3 .or statistical analysis of dataI two-way re eated +easures and L$& ost hoc tests were used3 &ata analyses showed that s orts +assageI active and assive recovery have significant effect on increasing EGG and >BGG +eter running records ( < G/GB)3 'lsoI there was significant difference between received records of assive and s orts +assage recoveries and active and assive recovery too ( < G/GB)3 It see+s that sub=ects records in EGG and >BGG +eter running after a lying +assageI active and assive recovery has been betterI res ectively ( UG/GB)3 9ey 6or+$: Reco&ery# B11 $eter Running# 0C11 $eter Running# Static Stretching
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THE E**ECT O* TRAININ< AN1 1ETRAININ< ON SO4E ANTHROPO4ETRICAL *ACTORS O* NON.ATHLETESI *E4ALES 8a+id !ohebiI .arhad /ah+ai7iaI !orvarid 8ashe+i $aboorI !oha++ad /e2a .adaei Chafi 8uilan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study was to deter+ine the effect C wee,s training and C wee,s detraining on anthro o+etrical factors in non-athletes fe+alesV students in *uilan university36hirty five sub=ect were divided into three overweight(nT>GI?BU#!IU@@)I o ti+al weight(nT>?I>EU#!IU?A) and control(nT>@I>EU#!IU@G) grou s3sub=ectsJ training in ex eri+ental grou was @ days er wee,: Each session of training consist of >G+in war+ u I ?G+in cycling on cycle ergo+eter with CG-DGR 8//+ax and >G+in cool down3 6han sub=ects detrained for C wee,s3 6he result of this study showed that after C wee,s aerobic training g there was a significant weight decrease in o ti+al weight grou g also in overweight grou ;I#.R g;8/ and #!I were reduced significantly( UG3GB)3'fter co+ aring the +ean deference changes between grou sg it was observed that there was a significant difference between control grou and over overweight grou in ;g#.R and ;8/ between ex eri+ental and control grou ( UG3GB)3'fter detraining there was no significant change in grou s3 'fter Co+ arison the +ean deference changes between grou sg it was observed that there was not a significant difference between grou s in ;I #.Rg;8/I L#!I and #!I3 It can be concluded that the effect of aerobic training on anthro o+etrical factors in overweight grou was clearer than o ti+al grou 3 Previous research indicated that the +ain substrate for energy ex enditure in over weightVs individual in rest is fat oxidation3 #ecause the obsess eo le have +ore #.RI so energy ex enditure in overweight grou is larger than in o ti+al grou s3 8owever the result of this study showed that detraining has sa+e effect in individual with different weight to3 9ey 6or+$3 !raining# "etraining# Anthropo'etrical Factors# Opti'al 4eight# O&er(eight
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THE RELATIONSHIPS 2ET:EEN AERO2IC PO:ER, REPEATE1 SPRINT A2ILITY (RSA) AN1 ANAERO2IC PO:ER IN 4EN AN1 :O4EN ST71ENT O* ATHLETES AN1 NON.ATHLETE
8adi *haedi>I 'li ,ha2ani?I /osta+ 'li2adeh@ 0. Isla'ic Azad uni&ersity .a'erd *ranch 2. !ar iat $odares %ni&ersity > .Shahid *eheshti %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to deter+ine relationshi between aerobic owerI re eated s rint ability (/$') and anaerobic ower in +en and wo+en student of athletes and non-athlete3 >?G students (CG fe+ales and CG +ales) artici ated in this study (age: ?@3A?SA3D yearsI body +ass: C?3CES@3A? ,gI height: >CC3CSF@3? c+) and divided to non-athletes and athletic grou s3 'll artici ants erfor+ed @ tests: an aerobic ower test (?G-+ shuttle run)I the new 2ig2ag 'naerobic 6est(H'n6)I and /$6 (/'$6)3 ' significant negative correlation was found between the fastest s rintI total s rint ti+e of /'$ with calculated 1%?+ax in +en and wo+en of non-athlete students ) YG3GB)3 'lsoI a significant correlation was found between the erfor+ance decre+ent (P&) of /'$ with calculated 1%? +ax in +en and wo+en of non-athlete students ) YG3GB)3 6here was no significant correlation in +en and wo+en of athlete students) YG3GB)3 6here was a significant negative correlation between the fastest s rintI total s rint ti+e of /'$ with ea, and +ean anaerobic ower of new 2ig2ag test in +en and wo+en of athlete students ) YG3GB)I 8oweverI nodifference significantly between +en and wo+en of non-athlete students ) YG3GB)3 6he aerobic syste+ lays a significant role in the +aintenance of intensity and erfor+ance levels during interval exercisesI which is characteri2ed by short bursts of activities3 6herefore differences obtained in this study can be +ainly due to differences in fitness levels of sub=ects that is reflected in their different hysiological ca acitiesI that is needed thebroader and careful research3 'lsoI the use of interval exercises and re eated s rint activities to i+ rove the aerobic and anaerobic ower is reco++ended3 9ey 6or+$: Aero ic Po(er# RSA# Anaero ic Po(er# Athletes# non+athlete
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THE RELATIONSHIP 2ET:EEN THE SELECTE1 PERCENTA<E O* ONE REPETITION 4ADI474 AN1 N742ER O* REPETITIONS IN TRAINE1 AN1 7NTRAINE1 4ALES 'bbas 'sadiI 8a+id 'ra2i 8uilan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to deter+ine the relationshi between ercentages (DBI EB and FBR) of one re etition +axi+u+ (>/!) and nu+ber of re etitions during bac, sOuatI bench ressI and ar+ curlI es ecially using free weight in trained and untrained +ales3 7ine trained (6) and F untrained (06) +ales artici ated in this study3 $ub=ects erfor+ed one set to failure at DBI EBI and FBR of >/!I after deter+ined the >/!3 &ata were analy2ed using two- way analysis of variance with re eated +easures3 6here was significant difference ( U G3GB) between 6 and 06 at EBR of >/! at ar+ curl3 #oth grou s erfor+ed significantly ( U G3GB) +ore re etitions during DBR of >/! than EB and FBR of >/! (DB Y EB Y FBR)3 6he rating of erceived exertion (/PE) was greater ( U G3GB) for high intensity than +oderate intensity3 In conclusionI the nu+ber of re etitions is de endent to a+ount of +uscle +ass and exercise intensity3 9ey 6or+$: 4eight !raining# One Repetition $a-i'u'# Free 4eight
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CONC7RRENT PLYO4ETRIC AN1 EN17RANCE TRAININ< I4PROVE1 SOCCER PER*OR4ANCE !ah+oud 7i, $eresht>I 8a+id 'gha 'line=adI 'bdolhosein 6aheri 9alani? 0. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity )entral !ehran *arnch 2. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity Ila' *ranch
A#$%ra"% $occer erfor+ance de ends u on a +yriad of factors such as technicalI tacticalI +ental and hysiological areas3 $occer training should erfor+ed based on the ga+e itselfI and so in this study was to investigate the effects of concurrent lyo+etric and endurance training on the hysiological areas and soccer s,ills in +ale soccer layers3 ?F +ale soccer layersI age of ?B/A?SA/D?yrI height of >DD/CSD/>Gc+I and body +ass of D@/?GSC/BF,g rando+ly assigned to the training grou s of endurance (nT>G)I lyo+etric (nT>G) and concurrent (nTF) artici ated in this study3 6he endurance training consisted of AbA +in interval running at FG-FBR of +axi+al heart rateI with a @d +in =ogging in between3 6he lyo+etric training consisted of Fd ex losive =u+ ing and throwing exercises in @ dsets with >G dre etitions which sub=ects have done with low to +axi+al intensity3 6he concurrent training consisted of both lyo+etric and endurance training at one session that lyo+etric training erfor+ed first3 'll of the grou s erfor+ed training rogra+ for E wee,s and @ ti+es a wee,3 6he sub=ects erfor+ed 8off- 8elgerud football enduranceI /'$6I 1ertical =u+ I IllinoisI @G+ s rintI body fat ercentage and !orCherestian (for soccer s,ills) tests before and after training eriod3 6he analysis of data before and after training rogra+s using 6-testI '7%1' and L$& tests showed that in all of the grou s 1%?+ax increased significantlyI but concurrent training was +ore than other training grou s3 In concurrent and lyo+etric trainingI anaerobic owerI agility and @G+ s rint increased significantly3 7o changes were found in this variable in endurance training3 'lsoI no changes were found in dribbling and shooting s,ills in all of the grou s after the training rogra+s ( UG/GB)3 In this study utili2ing concurrent training not only had no negative influence on soccer s,ills and hysiological areasI but this can also with enhanced 1% ?+ax i+ roved soccer erfor+ance by increasing the distance coveredI enhancing wor, intensityI and increasing the nu+ber of s rints and involve+ents with the ball during a +atch3 9ey 6or+$: )oncurrent !raining# Perfor'ance# Soccer S3ills# VO2'a-
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E**ECTS O* TI4E O* 1AY ON SO4E O* THE PHYSIOLO<ICAL AN1 PHYSICAL RITNESS *ACTORS IN *E4ALE ATHLETIC AN1 NONATHLETIC 1ahid $ari $arrafI $aeid &abagh 7i,oo ,heslatI /a+in '+ir $asanI $ayedeh .arideh 'raghi !a riz %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to investigate effects of ti+e of day on hysiological and hysical fitness factors in athletes and nonathletes3 .or consideration effect ti+e of day I tests to be erfor+ed in crossing way at three ti+es D3GG - F3GGI >@3GG - >B3GG and >E3GG - ?G3GG 3 finding: ' significant diurnal variation was found for balance I trun, strength I ower food I body te+ reture and systolic and diastolic ressure3 6here was a significant different a+ong res onses of athletes and nonathletes to the effect of ti+e of day on hysical fitness factors =ust for trun, strength3 8awever I ' significant+ain +atual effect of ti+e of day and hases of +enstruation cycle was observed for trun, strength3 Conclusion: %ther than the need to +or researchs I result of this research showed that hysiological and hysical fitness factors I a exce t balance has shown significant increase at afternoon3 9ey 6or+$: !i'e of "ay# Physiological and Physical Ritness Factors# Fe'al
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CO4PARISON O* ANTHROPO4ETRIC AN1 PHYSICAL *ITNESS TRAITS 2ET:EEN ELITE <RECO.RO4AN AN1 *REESTYLE :RESTLERS 7avid LotfiI #ah+an !ir2aei 8uilan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to investigate the anthro o+etric and hysical fitness differences between elite *reco-/o+an and freestyle wrestlers3 $ub=ects: 6hirty three Iranian elite wrestlers \(.reestyleI age: ?A3BAS@3A@ yearsI 7T>@) and (*reco-/o+anI age: ?@3GBS>3FB yearsI 7T?G)] who were invited to the national training ca+ s artici ated in this study3 !ethods: 6he anthro o+etric traits included body weightI heightI sitting heightI ar+ s anI and the hysical fitness traits included flexibilityI +uscular enduranceI agilityI s eed and bilateral visual reaction ti+e3 $tatistical co+ arison of the .$ and */ grou s was carried out using Inde endent sa+ les t test (P U G3GB)3 /esults: 7o significant difference was found between the two grou s3 8oweverI in s eedI flexibilityI ull u testsI *reco-/o+an wrestlers were better than freestyle wrestlers and in agilityI reaction ti+e and bent-,nee sit u test the freestyle wrestlers were better than *reco-/o+an wrestlers3 9ey 6or+$3 Anthropo'etric# Freestyle# 8reco+Ro'an
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E**ECT O* PLYO4ETRIC TRAININ< AN1 S72SEF7ENT 1ETRAININ< ON CHAN<ES IN *ORCE.VELOCITY RELATIONSHIP 8osein /osta+,haniI #ah+an !ir2aeiI 7avid LotfiI 8a+dollah 8adi
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to consider the effect of lyo+etric training and subseOuent detraining on changes in force-velocity relationshi 3 !ethods: .orty active students with average and standard deviation age of ?A S ?3@ :earI weight DBS B3C 9g and height >DCS E3@ C+ artici ated in this study3 $ub=ects divided into control and ex eri+ental grou 3 6he #iodex and E!* were used to +easure +uscle contraction velocity and to assess +uscle electrical activity3 6he control grou sub=ects as,ed to continue their daily activities and ex eri+ental grou sub=ects were as,ed to artici ate in a C-wee, lyo+etric training rogra+3 &ata registered in re-testI ost-training and ost-detraining3 6he inde endent t-test and re eated +easures '7%1' and ost hoc 6o,ay was used for data analysis3 /esults: 6he results showed significant increase in ex eri+ental grou sub=ecths E!* in ost-training eriod in all +otions and decrease E!* in ost-detraining in slow and +oderate +otions ( UG3GB)3 6he control grou sub=ecths E!* not changed in all +otions for all eriods3 Conclusions: it see+s reduction of E!* activity of +uscles was due to insufficient intensity of a lied +ove+ents because a lying high intensity +ove+ents caused +aintenance of hysiological ada tation of training3 9ey 6or+$: Plyo'etric !raining# "etraining# Force+Velocity Relationship
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S7RVEY THE E**ECT SEF7ENCES OR1ER O* CO42INE1 TRAININ< ON 4ADI4AL STREN<TH AN1 AERO2IC CAPACITY A*TER H :EE9S 1ETRAININ< 'idin 1a,i2adehI 8a+id /e2a '2+oonI Lotfali #olboli $ohaghegh Arde ili %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to investigate effect seOuences order of co+bined training on +axi+al strength and aerobic ca acity after E wee,s detraining3 !ethods: 6wenty eight hysically active +ale university students were rando+ly assigned to artici ate in one of following training grou : grou C (nTE) served as a controlI E$ (nT>G) and $E (nT>G) co+bined the two rogra++ers in different order during the sa+e training session3 6he training grou s erfor+ed concurrent training rogra+ with different seOuence for E wee,s (@ days er wee,)3 6he sub=ects thoroughly sto ed their training for a E wee,s eriodI then training eriod finishedI and in this ti+e only fulfill+ent daily wor,s3 6he following +easure+ents were +ade on all sub=ects before and after E wee,s of training and after E wee,s detraining: weightI heightI ercent body fatI 1%?+ax (+l/,g/+in)I and one re etition +axi+u+ (>/!) leg ress (LP)I >/! bench ress (#P)3/esults showed significantly reduce in 1%?+ax and >/! in +ove+ent bench ress and leg ress in the E$ and $E grou s after E wee,s detraining (PZG/GB)37o significant difference was observed in decrease +axi+al strength and 1%?+ax between grou s E$ and $E after E wee,s detraining3 9ey 6or+$3 )oncurrent !raining# "etraining# Aero ic )apacity# $a-i'al Strength
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THE E**ECT O* THE ONE SESSION SHORT.TI4E INTENSIVE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON THE CP9, L1H EN?Y4E IN THE ATHLETE AN1 NON.ATHLETE *E4ALE $edighe $adat 8o=atiI Parvaneh 7a2arali Alzahra %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to investigate the effect of one session short-ti+e intensive hysical activity on the so+e ara+eters of clotting syste+ and CP9I L&8 en2y+e in the athlete and non-athlete fe+ale3 6his research was erfor+ed through <uasi-ex eri+ental +ethod3 $tatistical sa+ le included athlete and >G non-athlete fe+ale students fro+ 'L2ahra 0niversity who were selected rando+ly3 Physical activity consisted of erfor+ance of the anaerobic /'$6 test with +axi+al effort or EBR-FBR sub=ects heart rate reserved3 't the end data was analy2ed through +ixed factorial and +ultivariate test3 6he finding of the study showed: ' significant increase ( UG3GB) in ceratin hos ho,ina2 and lactate dehydrogeni2e after exercise in the both of grou was seen3 there was no significant difference between athlete and non-athlete sub=ectsI although increase in the lactate dehydrogeni2e was higher in the nonathlete than athlete sub=ects and increase in the ceratin hos ho,ina2 was higher in the athlete than non-athlete sub=ects and a significant increase ( UG3GB) in lateletI fibrinogenI calciu+ and no significant increase in !P1I rotro+bin ti+eI tro+bo lastin ti+e after exercise in the both of grou was seen33 Lastly since increase in +ost of these variables is considered cardiovascular ris, factorI this incre+ent can be a threat for eo le involved in vigorous activities and es ecially for in-athlete individuals who have shown +ore increase in these variables3 9ey 6or+$3 )P<# ."H enzy'e# )lotting# RAS! !est# Athlete# non+athlete
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THE E**ECTS O* PLYO4ETRIC TRAININ<S ON VELOCITY, A<ILITY, *LEDI2ILITY AN1 EDPLOSIVE STREN<TH IN TAE9:ON1O PLAYERS !oha++ad /e2a /a+e2an ourI '+ir !oghada+I !ahdi 'li2adeh
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to investigate the effects of lyo+etric trainings on velocityI agility and flexibility and legs ex losive strenght in tae,wondo layers3 6he sub=ects of this study were ?G tae,wondo layers in !ashhad (>E-?@ years) who artici ated voluntarily in this study3 #efore doing of lyo+etric exercisesI for each de endent variableI a retest was ta,en fro+ the artici ants3 6henI the sub=ects were divided rando+ly into two ex eri+ental and controlled grou s3 6he ex eri+ental grou were erfor+ed selected lyo+etric exercises for a eriod of >E session3 Controlled grou +erely erfor+ed general tae,wondo exercises3 'fter doing of selected lyo+etric exercisesI ost tests were ta,en fro+ both grou s of studyI again3 &escri tive statistics was used to +easure the averages and the standard deviationI ,ol+ogrovs+yrnov test for nor+ality3In inferential statisticsI t-test was used to co+ are averages of two grou s in PZG/GB levelI and Pearson coefficient of correlation was used to evaluate the relations a+ong variables3 /esults: 6he results of the study indicated that lyo+etric exercises had significant effects on variablesI velocityI agilityI flexibility and legs ex losive strenght in tae,wondo layers3 Conclusions: $tudying the results of this study indicates that factors such as neuro-+uscular coordinationI electro-reflexive activity i+ rove+entI enhance+ent of s eed contraction and a lication of +otor neuronsI robably had influences in i+ rove+ent of velocityI agilityI flexibility and legs ex losive strnght in tae,wondo layers3 9ey 6or+$: Plyo'etric E-ercises# Velocity# Agility# Fle-i ility# .egs E-plosi&e Strength# !ae3(ondo Playe
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THE E**ECT O* T:O SHORT TI4E EDERCISE PRO<RA4 2Y :EI<HT AN1 PLYO4ETRIC TRAININ< ON VERTICAL J74P A4O7NT O* ARA9 VOLLEY2ALL SCHOOL 9iou+ars /e2aeiI 'h+ad 8e++at far>I 7ader $havandi? 0. %ni&ersity of *orou=erd 2. Ara3 %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% Pur ose of this study is effect of two short ti+e exercise rogra+ by weight and lyo+etric training on vertical =u+ a+ount of 'ra, volleyball school &ue to this ur ose ?> layer I fro+ 'ra, volleyball school have been selectedI and divided in three grou ex eri+ental weight training grou I with average (height >F>3? c+ 3 weigh D@,g I age >D3>A and control grou with average (8eight I >FG c+ 3 weight DG ,g I age >D) and control grou with average (8eight >ED c+ 3 weight CE ege I age >C3D ) rando+ly variables of this study have two short ti+e rogra+ 3 on of the+ was weight training and other one was lyo+etrice I witch each of the+ erfor+ed in four in four wee, I and at each wee, three ti+e 3 /esults analysis at this survey by using of W6X test '7%1'3 'nd scheffe test at level of(PURB ) is erfor+ed 3 /esult showed thatI (FR) I in contrast with I er test has increased 3 .or+ as ect of statistical W( URB) has been +eaningful I and a+ount of =u+ ost rest contrast with er test in control grou has not +eaningful change 'lso co+ are of er test and ost test average I between ex eri+ental grou s has not shown any +eaningful difference 3 8owever in as ect of descri tive conseOuence of loy+etric exercise was +ore than conseOuence of weigh training exercise (FR) in contrast with (D3CDR( but I statistically this difference was not +eaning full 3 6hen gain to this result that four wee, exerciseI with loy+etric and weight training3 9ey 6or+$3 4eight 5 Plyo'etric !raining# Vertical @u'p# Ara3
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THE RELATIONSHIP 2ET:EEN 24I, *AT PERCENTA<E AN1 LEAN 2O1Y 4ASS :ITH AERO2IC AN1 ANAERO2IC PO:ER O* *E4ALEJS NATIONAL J71O TEA4 !arya+ *hola+i>I Parvaneh 7a2arali>I Leila #aghersad /enani?I $oraya 'sgar our> 0. Alzahra %ni&ersity 2. !ar iat $odares %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study was to deter+ine the correlation between #!II body fat ercentage (#.P) and lean body +ass (L#!) with aerobic and anaerobic ower of fe+aleJs national =udo tea+3 !ethod: #!II #.PI L#! and aerobic and anaerobic ower were +easured in D .7J63 8y othesis was exa+ined by deter+ination of PearsonJs correlation coefficients at PZG3GB3 /esults: 6he results showed that there was a significant and negative correlation between #.PI L#! and #!I with aerobic owerI and between #.P with absolute average anaerobic ower3 #ut there was no significant relationshi between L#! and #!I with absolute average anaerobic ower3 6here was a negative correlation between L#! and relative average anaerobic ower3 Conclusion: 6hereforeI higher +uscle +ass and lower fat +ass ositively affected hysiological ca acities of fe+ale are national =udo tea+3 9ey 6or+$3 *$I# Fat Percentage# .ean *ody $ass# Aero ic 5 Anaero ic Po(er# @udo3a
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E**ECT O* ANA2OLIC STEROI1S CONS74PTION ON C . REACTIVE PROTEIN (CRP) IN 2O1Y27IL1ERS 8a+id 'ra2iI !ohesen Ebrahi+iI 9a,o 8oseini
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to evaluate the effect of anabolic steroids consu+ tion on Creactive rotein (C/P) in bodybuilders3 $ixty healthy +en in three grou s include .irst grou (.*) were bodybuilders which had consu+ed anabolic steroids (nT?G)I second grou ($*) was bodybuilders which hadnJt consu+ed anabolic steroids (nT?G) and third grou (6*) were untrained sub=ects as control (nT?G) artici ate in the study3 C/P concentrationI $trength and volu+e of the forear+I ectoral +a=or and fe+ur +uscles were +easured3 $trength and C/P were greater in .* co+ ared to other grou s (PUG/GB)3 #ut differences between $* and 6* were not significant3 .orear+ and fe+ur circu+stance were grater in .* than other grou s3 .urther+oreI this was grater in $* than 6*3 8oweverI chest circu+stance was grater in .* and $* than 6* only3 6here were no significant differences in s eed between grou s3 'nabolic steroid consu+ tion for +uscle strength and volu+e i+ rove+ent in bodybuilders acco+ any with higher level of C/P (as a cardiovascular ris, factor)3 9ey 6or+$: Resistance !raining# ) + reacti&e protein# Ana olic Steroids
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E**ECT O* AC7TE COEN?Y4E F 0 S7PPLE4ENTATION ON SER74 LEVELS O* TN* 17RIN< 4ADI4AL EDERCISE !oha++ad !osaferiI 9hosro Ebrahi+I &avar '+aniI Hahra 'rab 7ar+i
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study was to investigate acute consu+ tion of Coen2y+e <>G su le+entation seru+ concentrations of 6u+or necrosis factor-al ha (67.-c) during the +axi+al activity3 6welve healthy active +ales (age ?>/DB S G/CA yrI #!I ?@/DSG/FA ,g/+?) erfor+ed @G-+in exercise at EGR to EBR 8/+ax3 $ub=ects >?G +inutes re-exercise received either of the following regi+ens: Coen2y+e <>G (? +g er ,g body weight) or lacebo3 #lood sa+ les were obtained rior to su le+ent consu+ tion and i++ediately after exercise then grou s were reversed after A days3 6he data were analy2ed using aired and inde endent t-test3 6he statistical significance was set at UG3GB3 6he results of this study showed that although increased seru+ levels of 67.-c was slower in the su le+ent grou co+ ared with the lacebo grou after +axi+al activity but <>G consu+ tion did not caused a significant decrease between two grou (PTG/E)3 9ey 6or+$3 !,F# D01# $a-i'al E-ercise
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E**ECT O* A LON< PRIOR AERO2IC EDERCISE AN1 HI<H *AT 4EAL ON IN*LA44ATORY 4AR9ER O* CELL A1HESION 4OLEC7LES IN 4ALES 'li #arabadi>I 'li 'sghar /avasi>I $irous Choobineh>I 8asan #arabadi? 0. !ehran %ni&ersity 2. !ar iat $oale' %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of the resent study was to exa+ine the effect of an acute bout of ost randial rior exercise with DG ercent 1%?+ax on +ar,ers of infla++ation (s1C'!->) following a high fat +eal in non-athlete +en3 !ethods: we assigned ?G non-athlete students in a rando+ fashion and based on their body fat to ? grou s of >G eo leI one ex eri+ental (averaging ?>3FES>3@G yearsI >E3GAS?3AE body weight ercent) and control (averaging ??3GC S>3?? yearsI >E3>BS@3BA body weight ercentage) grou s3 6he ex eri+ental grou co+ leted a FG-+inute tread+ill exercise3 ' day later both grou s received high fat +eal3 #lood sa+ les in @G +in before and @G +inI >I @ and ?A hours following +eal were collected3 6o deter+ine nor+ality of grou sI we carried out one sa+ le 9ol+ogrov s+irnov ( PC%7T G3FFC) ( PE[TG3FFF) and to deter+ine the ho+ogeneity of variances we used Leven test and to exa+ine results a+ong and inter- grou s inde endent t-test and statistical test for variance analysis with re eated +easures and ost-hoc L$& test3 /esults: our results indicated that one bout of acute rior aerobic exercise reduces s1C'!-> (PTG3G?F)3 'lso in @G+in and ?A hours following high fat +eal there is a reduction of s1C'!>3 Conclusion: high fat +eal increases s1C'!->I thus leading to infla++ation and diseases3 Exercise +ay be able to reduce s1C'!-> and hence reducing the ris, of cardiovascular diseases3 9ey 6or+$3 Endothelial Atherosclerosis Acti&ation# Postprandial .ipe'ia# Adhesion $olecules#
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THE E**ECTS O* AC7TE L.CARNITINE S7PPLE4ENTATION ON LACTATE CONCENTRATION IN 1I**ERENT TI4E CO7RSES 17RIN< RECOVERY !o=taba 9avianiI !asoud !oeini $ahbestari
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to exa+ine the effects of LC ad+inistration on lactate accu+ulation in different ti+e courses during recovery fro+ incre+ental exercise in active +ale sub=ects3 !ethodology: 6he sub=ects were >? rando+ly selected active +ale hysical education studentsI ?>3DBSG3CA years oldI with a +ean body +ass index (#!I) of ?@3DSG3FA ,g/+?36hey received orally either ?g of L-carnitine or a lacebo (C +l le+on =uice dissolved in ?GG +l water) FG +inutes before they began exercise on tread+ill3 6hey erfor+ed a +odified rotocol of Conconi test to exhaustion3 Plas+a lactate concentrations were recorded at rest and i++ediatelyI ?I B and E +inutes after the test3 %ne-way analysis of variance with re eated +easure+ents and aired t-test were used for data analysis3 /esults: lactate concentrations in LC grou decreased at GI?IBIE +inutes after exercise by @?I A@I AG and @D ercent co+ ared lacebo grou I res ectively3 &iscussion: 6hese findings indicate that acute ad+inistration of LC can accelerate recovery fro+ incre+ental exercise in active +ales3 9ey 6or+$3 .+carnitine# .actate# Reco&ery
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THE IN*L7ENCE EI<HT :EE9S CONC7RRENT TRAININ< ON 2LOO1 LIPI1 PRO*ILE AN1 2O1Y 4ASS IN YO7N< 4AN :ERESTLERS $ayed Javad !irghaniI 8a+id 'gha 'line=adI !oha++ad 'li '2arbay=aniI 'h+ad !a2idiI $a==ad 'rshadi Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity# )entral !ehran *ranch
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study was to exa+ine Ewee,s concurrent training on blood li id rofile and body +ass in young +an werestlers3?A young +an werestlers with the average age of ?G3C?BS >3>@B yersIheight >D?3D>GS B3>EG c+Iweight CB3AA?S B3ECG ,g and #!I ??3F?E SG3?E> were selected voluntarily and ob=ectively and divaided rando+y into @grou sIenduranceIstrength and concurrent training(nTE)3strength training (C +ov+ents)and endurance training with the use of tread+ill and concurrent training (the co+bination of both strength and endurance grou s)were erfor+ed @ ti+es awee, over eriod of E wee,s3Bcc blood was collected during @ sets of +easure+ent Ibefor trainingIat the end of Ath and Eth wee, at E:GG ecloc,Iand a significant level was considered ( UTG/GB)3reasearch findings showed R@@3BAA reduction of 8&L-C in strength grou during @ level of +easure+ents(PTG3G@B)Iwhile other variables bloods and body +ass did not show any significant changes in grou s (P YG3GB)3thereforeI concurrent training can revent the ris, of strength training resalting fro+ reduction in blood seru+ 8&L-C in young +an wrestlersI which can Causes cardiovascular diseases3 9ey 6or+$3 )oncurrent !raining# *lood .ipid Profile# )ardio&ascular "iseases# ?oung $an 4restlers
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E**ECT O* CIRC7LAR RSISTANCE TRAININ< ON THE CHAN<ES TA9IN< VITA4IN C :ITH HO4OCYSTEINE, IL . / AN1 LIPOPROTEIN 2LOO1 O* HEALTHY NON.ATHLETIC 4EN 8asan 7aghi 2adehI .ereshteh 9atbiI !ahdi 9atbi
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to the effect of resistance training in a circle with vita+in C on changes in ho+ocysteineI IL- C and blood li o roteins of healthy non-athletes +en3 !ethodology: @D untrained healthy +en were re laced rando+ly in two ex eri+ental grou s and one control3 In all the sub=ects were bled in two ste s3 .or analysis of data were used fro+ one-way '7%1' and L$& test3 /esults: *rou Practice - $u le+ent significant decrease in 8cy and #!II nonsignificant significant reduction in CIL-and 8&L increased significantly in the other two grou s were co+ ared ( UG3GB)3 Conclusion: /esistance exercise a circle with su le+entation as a +ethod of reventing cardiovascular diseaseI achieve ideal body co+ osition and fitness in the nu+ber of eo le co+ing3 9ey 6or+$3 Resistance !raining )ircles# Ho'ocysteine# I.+/# .ipoprotein
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E**ECT O* 4O1ERATE AN1 INTENSITY AERO2IC EDERCISE ON SER74 LEPTIN LEVELS IN O2ESEGOVER:EI<HT :O4EN 7eda *hadiriI !oha++ad !arandiI .ahi+eh Esfar=aniI 8osein !o=tahedi
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study is to deter+ine the effect of +oderate and intensity aerobic exercise on seru+ le tin levels in obese/overweight wo+en3 !ethods: 6he study grou which include forty five obese/overweight wo+en were selected fro+ atients of Iranian 8ealth Clinic in Isfahan city that were Oualified (#!I`?B-@G,g/+?) to artici ate at this design3 $eru+ le tin levels of atients were evaluated before eating the brea,fast and fat ercent were +easured by lunch cali er3 Partici ants were rando+i2ed categori2ed in three grou : >) !oderate aerobic exercise (AB-BGR 8//!'[)I ?) Intensity aerobic exercise (DG-DBR 8//!'[)I @) Control grou (without training)3 6raining is >G wee,sI (with three sessions in every wee,)I the ti+e devoted for every session was CG +inutes3 6he training rotocol is aerobic exercise which is +ade by the researcher3 'fter >G wee,s assess+ent was down for second ti+e3 Pre and ost test data was analy2ed by '7%1' and shefe3 /esults show that +oderate and intensity aerobic exercise has a significant effect on body weight ( UG/GGG)I fat ercent ( UG/G@)I #!I (PUG/GG>) and $eru+ le tin levels( UG/GGG)3 6his research suggests that intensity aerobic exercise has a co+ aratively +ore effective effect than +oderate aerobic exercise on seru+ le tin levels3 ;e can arrived to this fact by co+ aring the obtained data of two +entioned grou s with control grou 3 In finally we can result that +aybe intensity aerobic exercise training is effective than +oderate aerobic exercise training in body weight regulation and seru+ le tin levels3 9ey 6or+$3 .eptin# Fat Percent# Aero ic !raining# O ese7o&er(eight 4o'en
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THE E**ECT O* O4E<A.3 S7PPLE4ENT 17RIN< A PERIO1 O* INTENSI*IE1 TRAININ< ON THE IN*LA44ATORY CYTO9INE RESPONSE TN*K IN THE ELITE PA11LER 4EN !arya+ &elfan>I 8a+id 'gh 'line=ad?I 9hosro Ebrahi+>I .ate+eh #aesi@I Hahra !ira,hori@I .arhad JadidiAI *ahse+ *hala+ farsaA 0. Shahid *eheshti %ni&ersity 2. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity )entral !ehran *ranch >. !ar iat $odares %ni&ersity E. !ehran %ni&ersity of $edical Sciences
A#$%ra"% ;e assess the effect of o+ega-@ su le+ent during a eriod of intensified training on the infla++atory cyto,ine res onse 67.c in the elite addler +en3 !aterials and !ethods: >C healthyI elite addler +ale fro+ the Iranian national &ragon boot tea+ were rando+ly selected to receive the lacebo (+ineral oilI nTC) or su le+entation (n T>G) with o+ega-@ in ca sules of @3C gr dailyI (?AGG +g of eicosa entaenoic acid and >?GG +g of docohexaenoic acid er day) for >G days3 before and after AE h su le+entation eriod blood sa+ les (>G +l) were collected then se arated the i++une cells and cyto,ines roduction were +easured3 /esults: $u le+ent significantly decreased the resting levels of 67.c In the su le+ented grou I while values in the lacebo grou increased(PUG3GB)3 Conclusion: Consu+ tion of o+ega-@ su le+ent can reduce infla++ation during intensified training3 9ey 6or+$3 O'ega+># !,FF# Intensified !raining# Elite Paddler $ale
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THE E**ECT O* H :EE9 :AL9IN< PRO<RA4 ON SER74 LIPI1S AN1 ESTRO<EN HOR4ONE CONCENTRATION IN NONLATHLETE 4ENOPA7SE :O4EN Heynab .irou2ehI 7ahid #i=ehI $aeid /a+e2ani Ferdo(i %ni&ersity of $ashhad
A#$%ra"% because of hysical activity i+ ortance in cardiovascular diseases revention this study intend to investigate the effectofeight wee, wal,ing rogra+ on seru+ li ids and estrogen hor+one concentration in noniathlete iranian +eno ause wo+en3 !aterials and +ethods: 6wenty two wo+en (AD-BB) were the statistical sa+ le of this study 3they were by rando+ divided in to two grou s: (including) ex eri+ental and control 3 at firstI body +ass index(#!I) characteristicsI were +easured and recorded 3then blood sa+ ling was ta,en3 Ex eri+ental grou were directed to the wal,ing rogra+3 then #! II resting blood sa+ ling and seru+ li ids and estrogen hor+one concentration were +easured again3for retest and ost-test data co+ arison in inside grou s de endent t-test and vilcacson test were a lied 3 /esults : 'ccording to these resultsIthere was a significant different between seru+ li ids and #!I before and after the training in ex eri+ental grou while non significant different was observed in control grou 3also there was not a +eaningful change in estrogen hor+one in grou s Conclusion: %bservationI reveals that anE-wee, wal,ing +eno ausal wo+enJ seru+ li ids concentration and #!I3 9ey 6or+$3 Seru' .ipids# 4al3ing# $enopause 4o'en rogra+ had useful effects on
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E**ECT O* A 2. EEE9 SELECTIVE AERO2IC EDERCISE TRIAL IN :ATER ON *E4ORAL AN1 L742AR SPINE 2ONE 1ENSITY IN O2ESE POST4ENOPA7SAL :O4EN !aliheh !ovasegh #ehestanI 'sghar 6oufighiI /e2a 6alaei %r'ia %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to investigate the effect of a >? jwee, selective aerobic exercise trial in water on bone density in obese ost+eno ausal wo+en3 6wenty obese ost +eno ausal wo+en as sub=ect to artici ate in this study3 $ub=ects rando+ly divided into a ex eri+ental and control grou 33 &ata analy2ed with aired and inde endent sa+ les 6 j6est3 6he results of this study indicate that there was a significant increase in fe+oral bone density in ex eri+ental grou co+ ared with control grou in end of study eriod (PUG3GB)3 'lsoI the lu+bar s ine bone density was increased +oderatelyI but not significantlyI in ex eri+ental grou 3%n the other handIcalciu+ and hos horus levels were not different significantly between ex eri+ental grou and control grou in end of study eriod (PUG3GB)3 9ey 6or+$3 Fe'oral *one "ensity# .u' ar Spine *one "ensity# 02 (ee3 Selecti&e Aero ic E-ercise# O ese Post'enopausal 4o'en
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THE E**ECT O* AERO2IC TRAININ< ON HSCRP, TRI<LYCERI1E AN1 2O1Y CO4POSITION IN 4I11LE A<E1 4EN :ITH OVER:EI<HT !ohesen JafariI 7ahid #i=ehI 'h+ad Ebrahi+i 'tri Ferdo(si %ni&ersity of $ashhad
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study was to investigate the effects of three +onths regular aerobic exercises on levels of hsC/PI 6*I 8&LI body co+ osition and aerobic ower in +iddle aged healthy and inactive +en3 $ub=ects of this study in ex eri+ental grou included >> +en and in control grou included >G +en3 6hey artici ated in a course of aerobic exercise with their DB to EB +axi+u+ heart rate for three +onths3 6heir levels of hsC/PI 6* and 8&LI aerobic ower and status of body co+ osition were +easured revious and after exercises3 'nalysis of data showed significant elevation of aerobic ower and significant reduction in #!II hsC/PI 6* and 6*/8&L but no significant change was observed in ercent body fatI visceral fat area and 8&L (PUG3GB)3 6hus three +onths aerobic exercises can be effective in reduction of coronary artery disease ris, in +iddle aged healthy and inactive +en3 9ey 6or+$3 Aero ic !raining# !riglyceride# *ody )o'position# $en
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THE E**ECT :HOLE 2O1Y VI2RATION AN1 CREATINE S7PPLE4ENTATION ON LO:ER EDTRE4ITY PER*OR4ANCE AN1 2ALANCE IN OL1ER 4EN !ostafa /ahi+iI !oha++ad /e2a 9ordiI 'basali *aeiniI !ostafa *holi $aberian
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was investigating the effect of whole body vibration training (;#16) and creatine (Cr) su le+entation on lower extre+ity erfor+ance and balance in older +en3 6wenty two healthy older +en selected and divided to three grou s rando+lyI ;#16aCr (nTD)I ;#16aP grou (nTD)I and control grou (nTE)3 6he ;#16aCr and ;#16aP grou s erfor+ed exercises on the whole body vibration device for >G days with intensity @G-@B 8H and B ++ a+ litude3 6he ;#16aCr grou consu+ed ?Gg/day creatine su le+ent for the first B days which fallowed by Bg/days for next B days of rotocol3 6he control grou neither did any exercise and nor consu+ed any su le+ent during the rotocol3 $tatic balance by standing ti+e on one legI dyna+ic balance by 60* test and lower extre+ity erfor+ance by @G +eter wal,ing testI sit and stand test and tande+ gait test was +easured3 Paired sa+ le t test and one way '7%1' used for data analysis (cTG3GB)3 /esult showed that dyna+ic balanceI lower body erfor+ance in @G +eter wal,ing and tande+ gait was i+ roved in ex eri+ental grou s3 #ut there was no significant increase in static balance ( TG3B>A)I dyna+ic balance ( TG3>B@)I lower body erfor+ance in @G +eter wal,ing test ( TG3@@F)I sit and stand test ( TG3BDE) and tande+ gait ( TG3>B>) in between grou s3 6herefore it see+s that ;#16 lus Cr su le+entation in short ti+e has no effect on lower extre+ity function and balance in older +en3 9ey 6or+$3 4hole *ody Vi ration# )reatine# .o(er E-tre'ity Perfor'ance# *alance# Older $en
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THE E**ECTS O* AERO2IC EDERCISE INTENSITY ON 2O1Y CO4POSITION AN1 LIPI1 PRO*ILE CHAN<ES IN O2ESEGOVER:EI<HT :O4EN $ayed !oha++ad !arandiI .ahi+eh Esfar=aniI 8osein !o=tahediI 7ada *hadiri #ahra+ abadi Isfahan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% Pur ose- 6o exa+ine the effects of aerobic exercise intensity on body co+ osition and li id rofile changes in !ethod- .orty-.ive +iddle-agedI obese/overweight wo+en(age:?B-AGyears and #!I`?B-@G,g/+?) co+ leted one-of-three->G wee, aerobic exercise interventions: >)!oderate exercise training(AB- BGR8//+ax)I ?)intensity aerobic exercise(DGDBR8//+ax)I @)no exercise training(control)3 Partici ants exercised @days3wee,->for >G wee,s er session CG +inutes3 6he intensity of aerobic exercise were controlled by lunch cali er and +easure+ents of body co+ osition and seru+ li id rofile indices in er and ost test3 /esults-!oderate and intensity aerobic exercise has a significant changes on weight( UG/GGG)I fat ercent( UG/GA)I #!I( YG/GG>)I fat weight( UG/GG@)I lean body weight( UG/G?)I ;8/(PUG/GGG)I 8&L(PUG/GGG) in atients3 6he differences between grou s were s eciali2ed by $heffe test3 Conclusions-6he resent data indicate that body co+ osition and li id rofile changes are affected by intensity of aerobic exercise training for reducing weightI fat ercentsI #!II fat weightI lean body weightI ;8/I 8&L in obese/overweight wo+en3 9ey 6or+$3 Physical Acti&ity# *ody )o'position# .ipid Profile# O ese7o&er(eight 4o'en
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E**ECT O* RESISTANCE AN1 EN17RANCE TRAININ< ON 2LOO1 TESTOSTERONE CONCENTRATION IN OL1 4EN #ahareh $hei,h $arafI .a2lollah .athollahiI #ah+an 6arverdi 2adehI !a=id $oltaniI 9hosro Jalali
A#$%ra"% 'ging is associated with Ouantitative loss of +uscle +ass (sarco enia) and subseOuent decre+ent in +uscle strength and functional abilities3 Exercise can change the i+ act of so+e anabolic hor+ones including testosterone3 6his study was underta,en to deter+ine the effect of resistance and endurance training on blood testosterone concentration in old +en(age C@3DS@3A yr I nTAB)3 Partici ants were assigned to three eOuivalent grou s of controlI endurance and resistance rando+ly (nT>B)3 Endurance and resistance grou underwent E wee,s of trainingI three ti+es er wee,3 Endurance training consisted of >C+in running at BG-BBR !8/ in wee,> reaching CG-DGR !8/ for @G+in till Eth wee,3 /esistance training was two sets with >G re etitions at BGR >/!3 6he intensity of training was increased till wee,E (@ setsI C re s at CGDGR >/!)3 #lood sa+ les were obtained before and after A and E wee,s of training at rest3 '7%1' test showed that testosterone concentration in both endurance and resistance grou had significant increase after A and E wee,s of training ( UG3GB)3 6he hor+onal changes roduced by resistance and endurance training +ay be an i+ ortant sti+ulus in older +en contributing to revention of sarco enia3 9ey 6or+$3 !estosterone# Aging# Sarcopenia# Resistance !raining# Endurance !raining
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COLORATION O* PHYSICAL ACTIVITY RATIN< :ITH SER74 LIPOPROTEIN (A) CONCENTRATION IN ACTIVE, SE1ENTARY AN1 :ITH CRONARY ARTERY 1ESEASE 4ALES 'rdeshr HafariI !arya+ /osta+i
A#$%ra"% 'bstract Incre+ent of L (a) is a Coronary &iseases ris, factor and evidences indicated that L (a) not been alter by exercise training3 6hat is there correlation between hysical activity and LP (a)k 6he ai+ of this Cross-sectional study was to co+ are of correlation between hysical activity and LP (a) in selected grou s of activeI sedentary and with C'& +en3 Esti+ated 1%?+ax as a hysical activity rating index esti+ated was based on non exercise rediction eOuations for 1%?+ax3 .asting seru+ concentration of L (a) analysis with I++unoturbidi+etric +ethod3 Pearson correlation eOuations between 1%?+ax and L (a) in grou s are not significant3 6hereforeI L (a) not been alter by exercise training3 9ey 6or+$: VO2'a-# .p :a;# Physical Acti&ity# )A"
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THE E**ECT O* THE STREN<TH TRAININ<S ON HEALTH RELATE1 PHYSICAL *ITNESS *ACTORS ON OL1 4EN !oha++ad #agher 7i,2ad Iran %ni&ersity of Science 5 !echnology
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of doing this research is the effect of the strength trainings on health related hysical fitness factors on old +en3 6he +otive li+itation and hysical strengths decreaseI and abnor+alitiesI roble+s and diseases related to the age increase by rising age3 6he strength training as an i+ ortant factor can increase the hysical abilities on old ersonsI and beside the effect on erfor+ance functional status is +ade the i+ or+ent and decreasing roble+ related to the oldness3 6o do this researchI it is selected >B old erson - = CB B as sub=ects3 $ub=ects erfor+ed the strength trainings during >G wee,s with CGR /!I after confir+ation of sub=ects health3 'fter/before ? days of trainingsI sub=ects erfor+ed leg ress (+uscular strength)I side leg raises (+uscular strength)I > +ile wal,ing-running (cardiovascular endurance) and EGG+ wal,ing3 6he results of this research are indicated that the strength training is +eaning fully caused the inertia i+ rove+ent of sub=ects on tests of leg ress (fro+ - = AD ? / >>3g to ZG/GG>)I side leg raises fro+ - = @E / C ? / @ re etition to - = @F / F ? / BG UG/GGB)I > +iles wal,ing-running (fro+ +inute to - = >> / A? G / A@ I UG/GG>) and EGG + wal,ing (fro+ - = E / A@ G / AC +inute to - = D / @F G / BC I UG/GGB))3 'ccording to this that the strength trainings are increased the health related hysical fitness on old +enI then these trainings with given intensity are suggested for old erson3 9ey 6or+$3 Strength !rainings# Aging# Health Related Physical Fitness
- = AB ? / ED 3g
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THE E**ECT O* H.:EE9 LO: I4PACT AERO2IC EDERCISE ON PLAS4A *I2RINO<EN CONCENTRATION IN OL1ER :O4EN $hahla &ehghan>I !oha++ad .ara+ar2i? 0. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity Eizeh *ranch 2. Shahre3ord %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this research was to investigate the effect of E-wee, low i+ act rhyth+ic aerobic (LI') exercise on las+a fibrinogen concentration in older wo+en3 sub=ects were ?@ healthy and enable to do hysical activity old wo+en of one of retire+ent ho+es3 $ub=ects divided to two grou s including ex eri+ental (nT>A) and control (nT>>) and after E hours nightly fasting for assess+ent fibrinogen Bcc blood sa+ ling was derived fro+ anterior vein3 'fterward ex eri+ental grou s were artici ated in LI' training rogra+3 6hen all of +easure+ents rea ed after E wee, training3 3 .or resent and ost-test co+ arison between ? grou sI we were use software and aired t-test for co+ arison in each grou and inde endent between grou s3 6he results showed that E wee, LI' have significant effects on las+a fibrinogen level in older wo+en ( TG/G?)3 9ey 6orl+: Fi rinogen# .o( I'pact Rhyth'ic Aero ic E-ercise# Old 4o'en
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THE RESPON1 O* SO4E I447NE AN1 IN*LA44ATORY RIS9 *ACTORS O* CAR1IOVASC7LAR 1ISEASE IN HEALTHY I44AT7RE 2OYS ( . M YEARS) :ITH A SIN<LE AC7TE EDERCISE 'bdore2a 9a2e+i>I 'bbasali *aeini?I !oha++ad /e2a 9ordi? 0. !ar iat $odares %ni&ersity 2. !ehran %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% .or this reason^_>A student >>->A years-old selected rando+ly fro+ voluntary sub=ects3 In the Preli+inary session 1%?+ax (@F/FSA/F)^_weight (AC/GDSB/@@)^_height (>/BBSG/GE)^_fat ercent (>C/DSB/C)^_ body co+ osition^_ #!I (>E/FS>/B)^_ s,eletal age (>?/ASG/F) with [-ray^_ ubertal age with 6anner-stage (6@^6A) was +easured and deter+ined fa+iliar illness was done four day before ex eri+ental session 3In ex eri+ental session ^_ firstly^_ re-exercise blood sa+ le collected in fasted state^_ then every sub=ect on ergo+eter cycle starts cycling with CB-DGR 1%?+ax for AG +in^_ ost >G +in war+ing3 I++ediately ost-exercise and recovery blood sa+ le drawn for +easure+ent of las+a leu,ocyte ^_ C-reaction rotein and IL-C3 &ata analy2ed using 6he analysis of variance with re eated +easures (/-'7%1') test3 6he result showed there was a significant relation between different blood sa+ ling3 /esults: 6he ost hoc (L$&) test also used to find significant differences between each air of hases shown ly+ hocyte^_ +onocytes^_ neutro hils counts and IL-C level I++ediately ostexercise ( value res ectively was G3G>^_G3G?D^_G3G?^_G3GG>) also neutro hils^_eosino hils count and IL-C and hs-C/P levels one hour after exercise statistically was +ore than re-exercise ( value res ectively was G3G>^_G3GA^_G3G@^_G3GG)3 Conclusion: the results of this study have shown^_the exercise with +ean intensity increase level of so+e i++une and infla++atory factors in i++ature boys3 9ey 6or+$: I''une Syste'# Infla''atory# I''ature *oys# Acute E-ercise
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THE E**ECT O* INTENSITY EDERCISE ON TN*K AN1 I<A .arah 7a+eni Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity# Vara'in+Pish&a *ranch
A#$%ra"% In vivo de letion of ly+ hocyte subsets allows investigation of the role of s ecific subsets in rotective i++unity3 I++une syste+ have otent intracellular that regulate infla++ation and i++une res onse 36he changes de end on duration and intensity of exercise3 6his study exa+ined the effect of exhausting exercise on the 67.c and Ig'3 ?G recreational active wo+en volunteered for this study who were nor+al healthyI with no ositive clinical finding3 'fter having the rocedures fully ex lained to the+ written infor+ation consent3 8eight (>C?3E>S@3FE? c+ ) Iweight ( BC3>>S B3DF ,g ) I 1o?+ax ( @A3>ES ?3DB +l3,g->+ln-> ) I and body fat ( ?@3>?S3BD l__) of the+ +easured I later sub=ects erfor+ed exhaustive exercise 3 Protocol exercise was an incre+ental tread+ill( #ruce rotocol )3#lood sa+ ling were obtained before and after exercise and were drawn fro+ an anticubital vein with sub=ects in the seated osition 3$tatistical analysis: Paired t -test were used to deter+ine before versus after exercise differences I c was set at G/GB3 &ata are resented as +ean S $& of the +ean 36he concentration of Ig' and 67.c increased3 Inductions of Ig' was significant but 67.c was not significant (P U G / GB )36he effect of exhaustive exercise on sub=ects was significant that +ay be transient and related with intensity and duration3 6he results suggest that the exhaustive exercise induced changes in ly+ hocyte subsets but I +ay not induced su ression i++une function 3 9ey 6or+$: I''une Syste'# E-haustion# )yto3ine# I''unoglo in
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E**ECTS O* H :EE9S O* AF7ATIC AN1 LAN1 PLYO4ETRIC TRAININ< ON PHYSICAL PER*OR4ANCE IN YO7N< 2AS9ET2ALL PLAYERS 'bbas 'sadiI 8a+id 'ra2i> >3 0niversity of *uilan
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to co+ are the effect of eight wee,s of aOuatic and land lyo+etric training on strengthI s rintI ower and agility Eighteen young +ale bas,etball layers (heightT>DF3@ASC3>> c+I body +assT CD3EGSF3B? ,gI ageT>E3E>S>3AC yearsI s ort ex erienceTA3E S?3AD years) volunteered in this study and divided to three grou sI aOuatic lyo+etric training ('P6)I land lyo+etric training (LP6) and control grou (C%7)3 Ex eri+ental grou s trained eight wee,s and @ ti+es a wee, and AG +in3 6esting +easures included leg ress strengthI @C3B and CG +eters s rint ti+esI long =u+ I vertical =u+ I 6 test and Illinois3 6he results in this study indicated that: both grou s (aOuatic and land) significantly i+ rove in agilityI s rintI and ower ex losive at retest3 'lsoI there were significant differences between aOuatic and control in all variables (PUG3GB)3 6hereforeI lyo+etric training in water can be an effective techniOue to i+ rove hysical erfor+ance in young bas,etball layers3 9ey 6or+$: *as3et all# Plyo'etric# Physical Perfor'ance
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THE E**ECT O* / :EE9S O* CONC7RRENT AN1 CIRC7IT TRAININ< ON AERO2IC PO:ER IN A1OLESCENT 4ALE SOCCER PLAYERS 'lire2a rahi+iI /ouhollah 8aghverdiI !oha++ad 8osein ali2adeh
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to investigate the effect of six wee,s concurrent and circuit training on aerobic ower in adolescent +ale soccer layers3 6wenty-four soccer layers (+ean age >@3EBSG3B? years and +ean weight B>3FCSE3?? ,g) were rando+ly assigned to two training grou s: >-Concurrent training (nT>?) grou erfor+ed two training rogra+s: resistance training that involved @sets exercises in the first four wee,s and ?sets exercises in the last two wee,s (RCB to RDB one /!IE re ) and endurance training that included @ re etitions run in the first four wee,s and ? re etitions run in the last two wee,s(>G +in IRCB to RDB +axi+al 8/)36hey erfor+ed training rogra+s with an interru t between two sessionI and in the last two wee,s they did the both training in one session3?- Circuit training grou (nT>?) carried out the training in ten stations exercises(RDG toREG +axi+al 8/)3'll the sub=ects were evaluated before and after the training eriod using > +ile test(aerobic ower)3 .or analy2ing the data we used t-test de endent sa+ les3 /esult of this study showed that aerobic ower of the layers within both grou s after six wee,s had significant increase333 6hereforeI it is ex ected that the both circuit and concurrent training have great influence on aerobic ower of adolescent +ale soccer layers3 9ey 6or+$: )ircuit !raining# )oncurrent !raining# Aero ic Po(er and Anaero ic Po(er
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ST71YIN< THE E**ECT O* A R7NNIN< EDERCISE PLAN IN SHALLO: :ATER, :ITH N0O O* 4ADI4AL HEART RATE 7PON AERO2IC PO:ER AN1 2O1Y CO4POSITION O* YO7N< <IRLS ',ra+ 8oswini $e+naniI Hahra 7oba,htI !aliheh $hanbadi
A#$%ra"% ;ater 'erobic exercises hydroidsI are racticable in different for+sI such as runningI =u+ ingI wal,ing andI which each are followed by exclusive results3 6he sub=ects were @G untrained (=unior high school) girl average age of (>>->A) which wrer divided in two ex eri+ental and control grou s and on each grou I aerobic owerI body co+ ositionI weight and BAG+ run ti+e has been retestedand ost tested3 6he ex eri+ental grou has co++enced their running lanI in water with de th of DGR of their height and this lan has been eated @ ti+es er wee, and lasted C wee,s3 6he running ti+e in water started fro+ ?G +inutes and in each sessionI > +inute has been added to exercise ti+e until the endI at the final session the tested sub=ects were exercising in water for @D +inutes3 6he outoo+es are: >) a significant (PUG3GGB) increase of absolute
Vo2 +ax about A3@DF ercent3
?) a significant (PUG3G>E) decrease of weight about >3DA ercent3 @) a significant (PUG3GGB) decrease subcatancons fat about C3BB ercent3 A) a significant (PUG3GGB) decrease of BAG run ti+e about >?3E@ ercent3 9ey 6or+$3 $a-i'al 5 Su 'a-i'al Acti&ity# *ody )o'position# su catancons Percent
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E**ECT O* ONE CO7RSE TRAININ< PRO<RA4 ON SO4E 2IOCHE4ICAL AN1 I447NOLO<ICAL IN1EDES IN ACTIVE <IRLS !aedeh $adat /aisi>I $had+ehr !irdar? 0. !ar iat $oale' %ni&ersity of 8organ 2. $azandaran %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ob=ective of this ex eri+ent was to deter+ine the effect of a one course training rogra+ on so+e #ioche+ical and I++unological indexes in active girls3 >? students voluntarily artici ated in the resent study and rando+ly assigned to one of two grou s: ex eri+ental and control3 Ex eri+ental grou erfor+ed two ea,s training rogra+ and control grou did not erfor+ any hysical activity3 1enous blood sa+ les were obtained for analysis3&ata were analy2ed by using '7%1' testI inde endent t-test36he result indicated that value of '$6 dra+atically increased than at the resting level3 'lso the value of 'L6 levels after ?A hours fro+ second and sixth days of rotocolsI significantly were elevatedIbut **6I neutro hil and ly+ hocyte had not significant changes3 6he result indicated that value of ly+ hocyte had increase and value of neutro hil decrease than control grou 3 $oI the continue of the exercise rogra+ before full recovery +ay increase infection ris, and he atic cell da+age3 9ey 6or+$3 !raining Progra'# I''une Syste'# 8irles
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THE E**ECT O* SID :EE9 PO:ER AN1 PLYO4ETRIC TRAININ< ON R7N SPEE1 AN1 HEI<HT O* <7LIENJS <Y4NAST A1OLESCENT 2OYS, :ITH RESPECT TO THEIR ANTHROPO4ETRIC AHARACTERISTICS Elha+ *hari ourI 8eidar $adeghi
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to exa+ine the effect of six wee, ower and lyo+etric training on run s eed and height of *ulienJs gy+nast adolescent boysI with res ect to their anthro o+etric characteristics3 @C boys with average age of F/>DS>/A? yrI height of >@A/>BSC/B? c+I and weight of ?F/>SC/FC ,g artici ated in this study3 6hey rando+ly divided into three grou s ( owerI lyo+etricI and the grou had focused on the s,ill erfor+ance =u+ +ove+ent)3 6wo days before start the training rogra+I re-test to evaluate the level of the erfor+ance by +eans of video based syste+3 6he 'nthro o+etric features and the hy oder+ic fatness are +easured3 6henI the six wee,s designed rogra+s are a lied3 't the sa+e ti+eI the grou that had focused on the s,ill erfor+ance was as,ed to do =ust the exercise of =u+ +ove+ent3 'fter six wee, the ost-test were erfor+ed in sa+e environ+ent3 .or the bio+echanical analysisI 0lid>> and 'utoC'& were used3 .or statistical analysisI two sided variance and the analysis of co-variance are used3 6he results showed six wee, ower training and oly+eric increased significantly the angleI height and so+ersault release s eed and run s eed3 9ey 6or+$: Po(er and Plyo'etric !raining# Anthropo'etric Aharacteristics# 8y'nast# 8uilan
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THE E**ECT O* TRANSPORT STYLE TO THE SCHOOLS ON PHYSICAL *ITNESS *ACTORS !oha++ad #agher 7i,2ad Iran %ni&ersity of Sceince 5 !echnology# *ehshahr *ranch
A#$%ra"% 7owndays the decrease of hysical fitness level about children and teenagers is clearly observed in +any countries3%ne of the suggested +ethod for increasing hysical fitness about children and teenagers is the active trans ort to school such as wal,ing and bicycling3 6he recent findings are indicated that children and teenagers who to school by bicycle or wal,ing have +ore hysical fitness than children and teenagers who go to school by other vehicles such as car3 ;e considered rando+ly >?G students of high school of the east of !a2andaran rovince on @ grou s of AG students between >B->D years old (bicyclingI wal,ing and +otorist)3 6he +easure+ent +ethod of hysical fitness factors and the erfor+ed field tests are used aerobic ower +easure+ent by > +ile test runningI erfor+ance strength by sargent =u+ I endurance +uscle by > +in test of sit-u sI agility by illinus testI and flexibility by sit and reach test3 .or average co+ arisonI it is used t-test on inde endent grou between grou s and statistic analysis3 'verage co+ arison on active and inactive transfer grou s is observed in table>3 6he finding of this research (table >) are indicated that the teenagers who o to school by bicycle have +ore aerobic owerI endurance +uscle and flexibility than wal,ing grou and inactive transfer3 'lthoughI there was no difference (cZG/GB) in agility and +uscle strength tests between grou s3 8oweverI in +any factorsI wal,ing grou was better than assive trans ort (+otorcycleI carI busI train) but there was no difference in ? grou s3 (cZG/GB) 'ccording to this that there was not difference between grou s to the rate of s ort activities of sub=ects out of transfer ti+e to schoolI then it can result than the transfer to school by bicycle have a +a=or share for hysical fitness factors3 6henI according to above findingI we can suggest bicycling s ort as an active transfer +ethod observance of safety oints3 9ey 6or+$3 acti&e transport# icycling# physical fitness
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4EAS7RE4ENT AN1 1ETER4INATION O* THE HEALTH P RELATE1 PHYSICAL *ITNESS O* 2OY ST71ENTS A<ES Q. N O* E<HLI1 AN1 CO4PARIN< :ITH PROVINCE AN1 NATIONAL NOR4 !asoud !oha++adiI 'li /e2a Pouyanfard>I #ehna+ Parsa? 0. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity)entral !ehran *ranch 2. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity Science 5 Research *ranch
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this studyI that is a descri tive ty eI was to +easure and deter+ine the health M related hysical fitness of boy students ages F->D in Eghlid and co+ aring with rovince and national nor+3 .or this ur ose >?GG students (+ale) in E age grou s were choosed as the sa+ le3 $a+ ling was rando+ and done cluster3 Pull u s in the for+ of slee ing(+odified ullu )I sit u s in CGsI BAG + running and sit and reach tests were used to gather data3 #y using s ss3>@ software and inde endent t test ( Z G3GB)I data analy2ing was done to rovide the health M related hysical fitness nor+3/esults showed that Eghlidian students co+ ared with rovince and national nor+ had better fitness in ull u I sit u and sit and reach tests exce t BAG+ running test3 9ey 6or+$3 Health+Relate Physical Fitness# Student# ,or'# Eghlid
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S7RVEY THE E**ECTS O* 1RIN9IN< 4IL9 ON SO4E O* THE PHYSICAL CAPA2ILITIES O* 3. - YEARS OL1 2OYS IN SHAHR .E 9OR1 !ostafa $afian #olda=iI 8a+ed $afian #olda=iI !a=id 9ashef> Shahid Ra=ei %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to survey the effects of drin,ing +il, on so+e of the hysical ca abilities of >@->B years old boys in $hahr -e 9ord3 6he statistical o ulation was all the >@->B years old boysI which @G of the+ were selected fro+ 8a2rat-e-*hae+ Ele+entary school and were divided in to @ grou s of +il,>I +il,?I and control grou 3 Physical readiness tests including: BAG +eter runningI sit-u I ull-u I and sit and reach tests were ta,en fro+ all the sub=ects in the grou s3 #efore starting the testsI the sub=ects had si+ilar standard brea,fastI then control grou didnJt ta,e +il,I +il,> grou did inta,e ?BG c3c +il, > hour before the tests and +il,? grou ? hours before the starting the tests3 &escri tive $tatistics were used for nor+al distributionI Levine test was used for ho+ogeneity of variancesI and one-way '7%1' and 6u,ey ost hoc tests were used to show the differences between the grou s3 6he results showed that there was a significant difference between training grou s in cardio res iratory variableI which was between +il, grou s3 6here was no significant difference between grou s in abdo+inal and shoulder girdle +uscles enduranceI and flexibility3 9ey 6or+$3 non Athlete $ale Students# )ardiorespiratory Endurance# $uscular Endurance# Fle-i ility $il3
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E**ECT O* 1I**ERENT EDERCISE INTENSITIES ON LIPI1 ODI1ATION 17RIN< AN1 A*TER EDERCISE IN NON.ATHLETES YO7N< 4EN 'bedin 9hosraviI 8a+id !ohebbi 8uilan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of resent study was to co+ are fat oxidation rate during and after three different exercise intensities3 Eight non-athletes +ale students (agedI >F3DS>3E yrI heightI >DA3@SB3> c+I weightI CA3BSD ,gI 1%?+axI AG3>SA3A +l/,g/+in) artici ated in this study as sub=ects3 6he results of resent study showed that absolute fat oxidation rates during and after DBR 1%?+ax and also total absolute fat oxidation rates were significantly higher than other intensities (PZ G3GB)3 /elative fat oxidation rate during BBR 1%?+ax was significantly higher than other intensities (PZ G3GB)3 6he results of resent study be concluded that in order to success in lose and +aintenance weight rogra+sI exercise with DBR 1%?+ax can be beneficial3 9ey 6or+$3 .ipid O-idation# Post E-ercise Reco&ery# E-ercise Intensity# Indirect )alori'etry
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E**ECT O* T:O TYPES O* EDERCISE PRO<RA4S (AERO2IC AN1 RESISTANCE) ON A4O7NT OD.L1L ODI1I?IN< AN1 RE17CIN< 2LOO1 PRESS7RE AN1 CAR1IAC RIS9 *ACTORS . :O4EN :ITH CORONARY HYPERTENSION 8asan 7aghibi 2adehI .ereshteh 9atbiI !ahdi 9atbi
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study is of two different ty es of exercise rogra+s (aerobic and resistance) on a+ount ox-L&L oxidi2ing and reducing blood ressure and cardiac ris, factors hy ertension wo+en with coronary33 !ethod: AB wo+en with hy ertension voluntarily chosen rando+ly and were re laced in one of three ex eri+ental grou s3 /esearch variables were +easured in two stages3 6o analy2e data were used fro+ a one-way analysis of variance and ost hoc L$& tests3 /esults: 6he results showed that E wee,s of +oderate-intensity aerobic exercise CG to CB ercent of 8/+ax decreased significantly the systolic and diastolic blood ressure levelsI L&LcI #!I and was significantly increased over 1o?+ax ( UG3GB) /esistance training was significantly increased the systolic and diastolic blood ressure and 1o?+ax ( UG3GB)3 Conclusion: 6husI for the en=oy+ent of health and fitness and reduce cardiovascular ris, factors- vascular +oderate aerobic exercise on a regular basis and rinci les reco++ended3 9ey 6or+$3 E-ercise# o-+.".# )ardiac Ris3 Factors# Vascular# Hypertension
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THE E**ECT O* REST LEN<TH ON 4EAN AN1 PEA9 O* SO4E PHYSIOLO<ICAL VARIA2LES AN1 RATIN< O* PERCEIVE EDERTION 17RIN< EDERCISES :ITH NEAR VVO24AD INTENSITY Ehsan 'sghariI 'rsalan &a+irchiI 8a+id !ohebbi
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to invetigate of +ean and ea, of hysiological changes and rating of erceive exertion during exercises with near 11%?+ax intensity3 Eight +ale endurance runner students aged ?B3BS?3F? yearsI height >DA3C?SA3FE c+I weight CF3BSD3@A ,g and 1%?+ax AD3@ES@3?? +l /,g/+in too, art rando+ly in @ interval exercises with exercise to rest ratio @G second to >B second (I6>)I CG second to @G second (I6?) and >?G second to CG second (I6@) that se arated by two days3 %xygen u ta,e (with *as analy2er)I heart rate (with tele+etric syste+) and rating of erceive exertion (with #org scale) were +easured throughout exercises3 %ne way analysis variance ('7%1') and 6u,ey ost hoc test used for deter+ination of any significance difference between grou s3 6he result showed that there was significant difference between +ean and ea, of 8/ and 1%? in I6> and I6@ and /PE in all grou s (PUG3GB)3 ;e conclude that inter+ittent exercises with shorter exercise and rest boutsI not only can i+ ose better hysiological stress u on individualI but also attenuates athleteJs rating of erceived exertion and lets hi+ to do exercise with +ore ti+e than longer bouts and it +ay be increased the ea, of exercise3 9ey 6or+$3 Pea3 of E-ercise# Shorter *outs# Rating of Percei&e E-ertion# .onger *outs# Endurance Runner
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*AT AN1 CAR2OHY1RATE ODI1ATION 17RIN< 1I**ERENT INTENSITIES O* EDERCISES IN PRO*ESSIONAL AN1 ELITE A4ATE7R CYCLISTS !oha+++ad /e2a 8a+edinia>I !ahdi Harei>I !oha++ad $habani?I Jean !edelli@ 0. !ar iat $oale' %ni&ersity of SA ze&ar 2. *o=nord %ni&ersity >. A'ins %ni&ersity of France
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was co+ aring the fat and carbohydrate oxidation at different intensities of exercise between rofessional and Elite '+ateur cyclists3 !ethods: .orty-two rofessional cyclists (?D3@S A3? yr) and @> Elite '+ateur cyclists (?@3DS@3Cyr) erfor+ed an incre+ental exercise test on a bicycle ergo+eter with BG ;att incre+ents every third +inute until volitional exhaustion3 8eart rateI the average volu+e of oxygen consu+ tionI roduction carbon dioxide and res iratory exchange ratio were +easured during the rest ti+e and the last @ +inutes of the exercise with wor,ing loads of ?GGI@GGIAGG ;att3 /esults: 6he results showed that there was no significant difference in /E/ between two grou s at rest ti+e and intensity of ?GGwI but at intensities of @GGw and AGGwI /E/ was significantly lower in rofessional cyclists (PTG3G>)3 6here was no significant difference between rofessional and elite a+ateur cyclists regarding the rate of fat and carbohydrate oxidation and the ercentage of fat and C8% oxidation at different intensities of exercise3 Conclusion: 6he findings of resent study suggested that there is a little difference in fat and carbohydrate oxidation between rofessional and elite a+ateur cyclistsI but this very little difference and the little carbohydrate saving in rofessional cyclists leads to their su erior erfor+ance3 9ey 6or+$3 O-idation# Fat# )ar ohydrate# E-ercises# )yclists# Professional# Elite A'ateur
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E**ECT O* H :EE9S AERO2IC TRAININ< ON PLAS4A LEVELS O* A1IPONECTIN, LEPTIN AN1 RESISTIN IN HEALTHY 4I11LE. A<E1 4EN 'rash $aadet niaI '+ir /ashid La+urI 7asi+ Ei2ad anah Ferdo(i %ni&ersity of $ashhad
A#$%ra"% 6he three hor+ones adi onectinI le tin and resistin due to their association with infla++atory and +etabolicI lay a vital role in diseases caused by obesity3 /esearchers want to ,now if aerobic exercises can bring to desirable las+a levels of these hor+ones3 .or this ur ose @G healthy +iddle-aged +en were divided into two grou s and >B of the+ artici ate in an eight wee,s aerobics training rogra+3 #lood sa+ les were collected before and after training rogra+3 /esults indicate that the ex eri+ental grou in addition to reducing fatI increasing the a+ount of las+a adi onectin and /esistin3 Plas+a le tin levels also decreased3 'ccording to revious studies the researchers concluded that aerobic exercise regulates the hor+one to ideally a+ount that hel reventing disease3 9ey :or+$: Aero ic !raining# Adiponecin# .eptin# Resistin# $en
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IN*L7ENCE O* 0 :EE9S RESISTANCE TRAININ< ON SER74 VIS*ATIN IN O2ESE :O4EN A<E1 M-./0 YEARS OL1 7a=+eh /e2aeian>I /ah+an $oori?I 7i,ou 9hosravi>I 8a+ideh !onta2eri 6aleghani 0. Alzahra %ni&ersity 2. !ehran %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% /esistance exercise a+eliorates +etabolic and endocrine rofileI reduces +uscle deterioration during aging and develo s erfor+ance in older adults3 6his study exa+ined the effects of resistance training on seru+ visfatin levels and 8%!'-I/ in sedentary +eno ausal wo+en3 Partici ants included >C obese wo+en +ean age BA years studied in two control and exercise grou s before and after >G wee,s of resistance training (@ days/wee, at AG-CGR of >/!)3 $eru+ level of visfatinI 8%!'-I/ and anthro o+etric indices were +easured before and AE hours after last training session3 /esistance training significantly +odulated neither visfatin level nor 8%!'-I/ and any significant changes did not exist for anthro o+etric factors (PYG3GB)3 earson correlation did not show significant correlation between the ri+ary level and alterations of visfatin and ri+ary and changed values of 8%!'-I/ and anthro o+etric factors in resistance grou s (PYG3GB)3 6herefore resistance training doesnJt change visfatin concentrations without influence on 8%!'-I/ and anthro o+etric indices in sedentary +eno ausal obese wo+en aged AB-CG years old3 9ey 6or+$3 Resistance !raining# Visfatin# HO$A+IR# 4o'en
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THE E**ECTS O* M.:EE9S PLYO4ETRIC TRAININ< ON ANA2OLIC PO:ER AN1 A<ILITY !ahdi !osta=abodavehI $ara 9arbalei far
A#$%ra"% Plyo+etrics are training techniOues used by athletes in all ty es of s orts to increase strength and ex losiveness3 Plyo+etric drills usually involve sto ingI startingI and changing directions in an ex losive +anner3 .or this ur oseI >C+en bodybilders rando+ly divided to two ho+ogenous ex eri+ental and control grou s3 'fter the acco+ lish+ent of agility and anaerobic ower testI the ex eri+ental grou artici ated in the A wee, selected lyo+etric training (@ sessions er wee,) and then this test re eated3 9ey 6or+$' Plyo'etric# Agility# Anaero ic po(er
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THE E**ECTS O* O2ESITY, OVER:EI<HT, NOR4AL AN1 7N1ER.:EI<HT ON HEALTH P RELATE1 PHYSICAL *ITNESS AN1 CO4PARISON O* THESE *ACTORS IN YO7N< 4AN AN1 :O4EN COLLE<IAN ST71ENT 'li 'sghar .allahi>I !oha++ad 8osein> 'bdollahiI $hohreh 'naa+i? 0. !ar iat $oale' %ni&ersity 2. Paya'e ,oor %ni&ersity of *oushehr
A#$%ra"% Poor hysical fitnessI as well as obesityI are ris, factors for so+e sever disease insulin resistanceI ty e ? diabetes +ellitusI infla++ation and cardiovascular disease3 6herefore the ur ose of this study was to survey the effects of obesityI overweightI nor+al and under-weight on hysical fitness and co+ arison this factors in young +an and wo+en collegian student3 !aterial and +ethods3 >AF students was selected fro+ Paya+enor university of #oshehr city and divided into an obese and overweightI nor+al weight and underweight grou s based on body +ass index3 6 inde endent test were used for analyses of data in two grou s3 $P$$ software version >C was used for analyses of data at levels of cUG3GB3 %bese young +an and wo+en had oorer erfor+ances on all tests reOuiring ro ulsion of the body +ass3 %ther results indicateI +ean of hysical fitness tests was higher in underweight students3 6here are a significant differences in all test (BAG +eter ( UG3GG>)I AbF +eter run ( UG3GG>)I sit-u test ( UG3GG>) and ush u test ( UG3GG>) and vertical =u+ ( UG3GG>) between young +an and wo+en3 %verweight/obese students had oorer erfor+ance in cardiovascular enduranceI agility and ower of lower li+b than non-obese sub=ects3 /esults of this study show that young wo+en have lower scores on all fitness co+ onents3 9ey 6or+$3 Physical Fitness# )ardio&ascular Fitness# O esity# Student
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THE E**ECTS O* A PERIO1 O* 4ILITARY SERVICE ON 2O1Y CO4POSITION CO4PONENTS AN1 *ACTORS O* PHYSICAL *ITNESS IN POLICE *ORCES !oha++ad 'li 7odehiI !oha++ad 6aghi 9horandI 'lire2a 6abri2aianI !o=taba 'h+adi
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of the resent study was to investigate the effects of a eriod of +ilitary service hysical fitness and body co+ osition ca+ onents in olice soldiers3 .or this ur ose fro+ ?GG soldiersI >?A were selected nonrando+ly3 6he +ean age of the sub=ects was ??3FSG3@A yrsI also weight and height of sub=ects were accordingly DA3@S>@3@ ,g and >DG3@SF3?D c+3 6he +ethod of the study was ex lained to the sub=ectsI and they filled u the infor+ed consent and +edical-s ort for+s3 6hen sub=ect artici ated in +ilitary service training for two +onth3 Physical fitness and body co+ osition co+ onents were +easured at re- ost tests accordingly: >3 Local endurance of abdo+inal +uscles by using sit-u tests (? +in): ?3 Power of the leg +uscles by using standing long =u+ testI @3 $ eedI by using CG +eter run testI A3 $houlder girdle +uscle endurance by using ush-u test (? +in): B3 'gilityI by using AxF +3 bac, 5 forth run testI C3 Cardiores iratory endurance by using @?GG +3 run test3 $,infold fat of the sub=ects were +easuredI and according to thatI ercent body fat and fat free +ass were co+ uted3 't the endI the t- student test was used to co+ are the re and ost-tests3 6he results of this study revealed that there is a significant increase in cardio-res iratory enduranceI local endurance of abdo+inal +usclesI shoulder girdle +uscle enduranceI owerI s eed and agility (PZG3GB)3 ' significant decrease was indicated in body weightI ercent body fat and fat +ass of the sub=ects (PZG3GB)3 %n the other handI a significant decreaseI was also observed in fat free +ass3 6herefore it can be concluded that a eriod of +ilitary service training caused significant changes in hysical fitness and body co+ osition co+ onents3 8oweverI there are two oints of consideration +entioned belowI >3 $ignificant decrease in body fat in order to i+ rove the hysical fitness of the sub=ects is ex lainableI however significant decrease of weight and fat free +ass concerns other variables related to hysical fitness and body co+ ositionI such as slee I and restI nutrition and other sychological factors3 ?3 6he significant increase of all hysical fitness co+ onents of the sub=ects is not an indication of a high Ouality-training rogra+3 #ecauseI the results of the sub=ects re and ost-tests and co+ aring the+ to reliable nor+s indicated that they were very wea,I and even in ost-test3 9ey 6or+$3 )ardio+respiratory Endurance# Strength# $uscular Endurance# Fat $ass# Fat Free $ass# Police Forces
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THE E**ECT O* T:O 4ONTH AERO2IC EDERCISE AN1 1R7< INTERVENTION ON 2O1Y CO4POSITION IN :O4EN :ITH TYPE II 1IA2ETES IN 9ER4ANSHAH CITY Hahra #ayatI 1ahid 6aadibi Razi %ni&ersity of <er'anshah
A#$%ra"% %besity and sedentary associated with increasing of revalence ty e ? diabetic3 /egular hysical activity i+ roved blood glucose control in atients with ty e ? diabetic3 In addition toI aerobic exercise have too +obili2ation and hilarity and this exercise is safe3 In this investigationI we rando+i2ed fifty two wo+en with ty e ? diabetes +ellitus atients to A grou : aerobic exercise and nor+al drug doses ta,ing and >/? drug doses ta,ingI nor+al drug doses ta,ing and without exercise and control grou (>/? drug doses ta,ing and without exercise)3 /esults showed aerobic exercise and >/? drug doses ta,ing decreased body +ass index and body fat ercentage in atients with ty e ? diabetes3 6 test showed re-test s,infold have +ore down +ean than ost-test s,infold3 ;ith training aerobic exercise can decreased drug doses ta,ing and encourage atients to training aerobic exercise3 9ey 6or+$: Aero ic e-ercise# *$I# s3infold# ody density# "ia etes 'ellitus
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AN INVESTI<ATION ON THE RELATIONSHIP AN1 CO4PARISON O* 2O1Y CO4POSITION AN1 PHYSICAL *ITNESS ITE4S O* I070T 4ALE AN1 *E4ALE ST71ENTS Jahangir 8a+idi 6ehrani A#$%ra"% Progress in science and technology as well as develo +ents in s orts and hysical educationI es ecially after ;orld ;ar III let the roble+s to be seen as a scientific heno+enon3 %n the other handI increase of student body efficiencies has been an i+ ortant ob=ective in universities and es ecially in hysical education de art+ents3 'ccording to the i+ ortance of +ore ,nowledge about hysical fitness conditions of eo leI this study was carried out to co+ are and find the relationshi s of body co+ osition and hysical fitness in !ale and fe+ale students of Isfahan 0niversity of 6echnology3&escri tive +ethod was used in this research and research sa+ le of BGG fe+ale and +ale students in hysical fitness classes were rando+ly selected a+ong students of all statistical o ulationI then 'yfrd testI fat under the s,inI and #!I test using an advanced caliber were done3 6o analy2e the findingsI descri tive statistics and inferential statistics including Pearson correlation test (/) and test (6) in inde endent grou s were used3 6he findings of this study indicate that body co+ osition between hysical fitness tests with the +aterial relations are different and only so+e of the factors as follows: 6here is a significant relationshi between ullMu s and students body weight with rT -G/A>D and between ullMu s and students relative fat with rT -G/B>F with Uo/o> obtained was also observed that the average student test records obtained fro+ the average level of total +ale and total fitness condition is not goodI but co+ ared with their fe+ale students significantly ( TG/GGG) have +ore favorable erfor+anceI fe+ale students exce t sit and reach test and fitness of these students is oorly esti+ated3 'nd DF ercent fat under the s,in of fe+ale students in "high" and "too highX is3 'nd ercentage of fat under their s,in significantly ( TG/GGG) is +ore than +ale students3 6he results of this research indicate that variables such as weightI body co+ ositionI and fat ercent had significant contribution on the esti+ation of hysical fitness ite+s3 6he data shows that fitness status of students is desirable and this is +ore acute in the case of fe+ale students3 6he high ercentage of fat under the s,in of students shows the lac, of hysical activity which can be a health threatening ara+eter3 6herefore it see+s necessary to lan and +otivate students in order to encourage the+ to exercise and to rovide adeOuate facilities and a ro riate ro+otions which can result in higher hysical re aration and hysical fitness3 9ey 6or+$: Physical Fitness# *ody )o'position# !est Ayfrd
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THE RELATIONSHIP 2ET:EEN T:O *7NCTIONAL TESTS O* *IRE4EN AN1 THEIR LEVEL O* CAR1IOVASC7LAR *ITNESS Pantea 9ian+ehrI .ar2ad 7a2e+ *uali Sina %ni&ersity of Ha'edan
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this research was to research the ca ability of firefightersJ functional tests to +easure the actual level of their cardiovascular fitness3 !ethod: ?B eo le were selected voluntarily a+ong the newly e+ loyed firefighters3 6he raised tests fro+ this grou were include of Iran and 8ong 9ongJs index functional testsI which at the final stage the firefightersJ aerobic ower were evaluated by direct +ethod under standard conditionsI at %ly+ ic 7ational 'cade+y3 6he results of the research revealed that the 1% ?+ax relative values of individuals in 8ong 9ong and Iran testes were: ($EETG3G@I /TG3?@ $EETG3>BI /TG3G@ res ectively)I which were not re+ar,able statistically ( YG/mn)3 6husI according to the results of this researchI the cardiovascular with a threshold scale of AB +l3+in ->3,g-> +ight be a sign of a desirable level for fire+en3 9ey :or+$3 Aero ic Po(er# Functional !ests of Fire'en
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THE E**ECTS O* STREN<TH TRAININ< ON C . REACTIVE PROTEIN AN1 PLAS4A *I2RINO<EN IN 7NTRAINE1 YO7N< A17LT 4EN 8esh+atollah ParsaianI .arshad *ha2alianI Hahra $eyed 'langiI .atanhe 9hanali
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to investigate the effect of strength training on C-reactive rotein and las+a fibrinogen in untrained young adult +en3 6he sub=ects of this research consisted of twenty-four healthy student +en with +ean age (?BS>3>F) yearsI weight (DA3@DSB3@E) 9gI height (>DA3DGSB3B>) c+ which were divided rando+ly into two grou s : strength grou (nT>?) and control grou (nT>?)3 6he strength training was consisted of >? wee,sI @ days er wee, in circuit attern in C stations3 Each training session included three sets with (DGI EGI FGR) intensity of one +axi+u+ re etition (>/!) with (>?I >GI E) re etitions in every station res ectively3 &ata were analy2ed by t-test ( G3GB )3 /esults showed that strength training cause non significant decrease in Creactive roteinI fibrinogenI weight and body +ass index (B3ADI B3>?I >3FI @3BDR) res ectivelyI significant decrease in body fat ercent (>?3?ER) and non significant +axi+u+ oxygen consu+ tion in untrained young adult +en3 6he results suggestI with any doubtI that strength trainings have inverse effect on C/P and fibrinogenI so it can be used as redictors of coronary heart disease3 9ey 6or+3 ) + reacti&e protein# Fi rinogen# $a-i'u' Strength
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E**ECT O* A 1ETRAININ< CO7RSE ON SO4E PHYSICAL *ITNESS IN1EDES AN1 LACTATE 1EHY1RO<ENASE (L1H) AN1 CREATINE PHOSPHO9INASE (CP9) EN?Y4ES IN 2LOO1 SER74 O* ELITE TAE9:ON1O PLAYERS $ayed 'bdollah 8ashe+var2i Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity# Sari *ranch
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to investigate the effects of two wee,s of detraining on so+e hysical fitness indexes and lactate dehydrogenase (L&8) and creatine hos ho,inase (CP9) en2y+es in blood seru+ of elite tae,wondo layers3 $ixteen elite +ale tae,wondo layers with the averages of age of >E/A@ S >/?G yearsI weight CA/AF S @/G@ ,g and years of ex erience C/AC S >/@C years were selected voluntarily based on interviews and Ouestionnaires and all of the+ were artici ated in tae,wondo training for four wee,s eOually3 6hen the sub=ects were divided rando+ly into an ex eri+ental and control grou s3 6he ex eri+ental grou had a two-wee, detrainingI while the control grou continued its training rogra+3 6o calculate of anaerobic ower and s eed ( hysical fitness indexes) were used consecutive vertical =u+ s (Ergo=u+ ) test for @G seconds and s eed AG yards test in two hases (#efore and after of detraining)3 #lood sa+ les to deter+ine the desired en2y+es were ta,en in before and after of detraining following >? to >A hours of being e+ ty-sto+ached3 &ata was analy2ed via de endent and inde endent ttest in significant level P ` G3GB3 6he results of this study have de+onstrated that two wee,s of detraining caused insignificantly decrease of anaerobic ower (P T G/GBD) and significantly decrease of s eed (P T G/GG>) in tae,wondo layers3 'lso it was observed that the levels of CP9 and L&8 blood have reduced significantly (P T G/GG>) after tow wee,s of detraining3 #ased the above findingI it can be clai+ed that two wee,s of detraining have a negative effect on s eed and levels of CP9 and L&8 blood in tae,wondo layers3 9ey 6or+$3 "etraining# Physical Fitness# *lood Enzy'es# Elite !ae3(ondo Player
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THE E**ECT O* A TRAININ< PRO<RA4 SPECI*IE1 PERIO1 O* 1YNA4IC 2ALANCE, 47SCLE PO:ER AN1 A<ILITY IN ELITE 4ALE 2AS9ET2ALL PLAYERS &aruosh 9hoda+ardiI .ataneh !ale,I 'rash 9hoda+ardi
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study evaluated the effect of a training rogra+ s ecified eriod of dyna+ic balanceI +uscle ower and agility were elite +ale #as,etball layers3 <uasi- ex eri+ental research +ethods and statistics o ulation included Iranian Elite +ale bas,etball layers3 $a+ le study of ?G layers invited to the ca+ Vs bas,etball national tea+ to artici ate in ?GGE #ei=ing $u++er %ly+ icsI which for+ed the sub=ects of the +ean S$& age ?A3>S?3GDyrI length >FC3FBS >?3?Bc+I weight FD3CGS>E3CG ,gI with lay ex eri+ent F3CS?3AEyr and lay ex eri+ent in national tea+ B3?S?3>yr3 6raining rogra+ was eight wee, and include body buildingI technical and tactical wor, that before and after 6he dyna+ic balanceI +uscle ower and agility were +easured3 &one 6raining Progra+ i+ rove those factors and s,ills considered the+3 3 $tudy results shown that design training rogra+ with s ecial coach can influence to elite #as,etball layers and ea, erfor+ance s,ill3 9ey 6or+$: "yna'ic *alance# $uscleGs Po(er# Agility# *as3et all
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E**ECT O* AN H.:9 EN17RANCE TRAININ< PRO<RA4 ON 47SC7LAR PO:ER, A<ILITY AN1 2ALANCE IN SOCCER PLAYERS !ehran *hahra+aniI :osef Parhodeh Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity 8ilan8har *ranch
A#$%ra"% 6his research is going to see the effect of an E-w, endurance training rogra+ on !uscular PowerI 'gility and #alance in $occer Players3 .or doing this >E soccer layers of *ilan*harb league were selected rando+ly the ageI weightI height and body +ass index (#!I( average of sub=ects was ?A/GE A/BC yearsI >DC/?E B/>? c+I D>/>> F/A> ,gI ??/EE ,g/+ ? 3 the +ethod used here was se+iex eri+ental including re testI ost test and control grou 3 6he sub=ects re tested for hysical efficiency index (8arvard ste test)I !uscular ower (standing broad =u+ )I agility (A F +eter) and balance (stro,e stand test) testes3 'fter that the sub=ects of ex eri+ental grou (n T>E) too, art in selected endurance exercise three ti+es a wee, for eight wee,s3 Each session was FG +inutes including >G +in war+ing u I @G +in run with CG ercent 1%? !axI BG +in techniOue and tactics reviewing also laying football3 ;hile the control grou did nothing3 'fter E wee,s the sub=ect ost tested3 6he re-test and ost-test results were co+ ared3 In order to analyse the data we used t-test with the s ss>B/B the significant level considered was (cTG/B)3 6he results showed that E-w, endurance exercise caused +eaningful increase in +ean of +uscular ower ( UG/GB)I agility +ean ( UG/GB) and balance +ean ( UG/GB) in soccer layers3 9ey 6or+$: Endurance E-ercise# $otor Fitness# $uscular Po(er# Agility# *alance# Soccer Players
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INTRACTION E**ECT O* SID :EE9S EDERCISE TRAININ< AN1 <REEN TEA ON CAR1IOVASC7LAR RIS9 *ACTORS IN SE1ENTARY YO7N< :O4EN #ita '2i+i>I Javad !ehrabani>I 'rsalan &a+irchi>I /e2a El+ieh?I !ehr2ad 9herandish> 0. 8uilan %ni&ersity 2. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity Rasht *ranch
A#$%ra"% 6his study evaluated the effects of green tea beverage on li ids rofileI blood factorsI blood ressure and body co+ osition during aerobic exercise of sedentary fe+ales3 @? fe+ales with age range (?B-?F years) and body +ass index #!I (?D3>-@G3>,g/+?) rando+ly-chosen into one control (E)and three ex eri+ental grou s (n T ?A) 36he green tea grou s sub=ects received A3B gra+ green tea(eOuivalent ?BG +g catechin )three or four cu s daily3 6rain grou s erfor+ed a BG-CG +inutes @days/wee, for C-wee,s eriod aerobic exercise at BGR-DGR of +axi+al oxygen consu+ tion (1%?+ax) before and after su le+entation3 Six wee,s aerobic trainingI and conco+itant use of green tea significantly reduced body co+ osition (#!I and abdo+inal fat and round buttoc,s and waist) and 6* and 6C and hsC/P and ;#C than did the control grou ( UG3GB) and the other handI i+ rove+ents in 1%?+ax and 8&L levels3 ( UG3GB)I but L&L levels did not change significantly3 6hese results suggest that habitual green tea ingestionI in co+bination with +oderate-intense exerciseI was beneficial to i+ rove the body co+ osition and aerobic ower and also i+ rove the li id rofile with reduced a+ounts of C-reactive rotein3 9ey 6or+$3 Aero ic E-ercise# 8reen !ea# *lood .ipid
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E**ECTS O* A<E ON THE RESPONSES O* HE4ATOLO<ICAL VARIA2LES TO AC7TE EN17RANCE EDERCISE ',ra+ !oradiI 8iva /ah+aniI $a==ad 'ha+adi 2ad
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to investigate the effects of age on the res onses of he+atological variables to a single session of endurance exercise3 .or this reason @G young (?G-@G years)I @G +iddle-aged (AG-BG years) and ?D old (CG-DG years) +ale sub=ects artici ated in the study3 'fter deter+ination of 1%?!axI all sub=ects erfor+ed one session of endurance exercise including @G +inutes cycling at CG-CBR of 1% ?!axI which was followed by @G +inutes of recovery3 In addition to +easuring the he+odyna+ic variablesI three blood sa+ les were ta,en beforeI i++ediately after exercise and after @G +inutes of recovery and were analy2ed for he+atocritI he+oglobinI red blood cell countI +ean cell volu+e (!C1)I +ean cell he+oglobin (!C8)I +ean cell he+oglobin concentration (!C8C)I white blood cell countI latelet count3 Changes in res onse to exercise as well as recovery were co+ ared a+ong the three grou s by using inde endent one-way '7%1'3 Endurance exercise resulted in significant increases (PUG3GB) in all ara+eters exce t for !C13 8e+oglobinI he+atocritI red blood cell count increased significantly in res onse endurance exercise by DI C and B3D RI res ectivelyI while all ara+eters exce t for !C1I !C8 and !C8C during recovery were significantly (PUG3GB) decreased3 8e+oglobin and he+atocrit during recovery were significantly decreased by B3B and B3? RI res ectively3 6here were no significant differences (PYG3GB) a+ong the res onses of all ara+eters to endurance exercise and recovery in three grou s3 #ased on the findings of resent studyI it could be concluded that res onses of he+atological variables to acute endurance exercise and recovery are not affected by age3 9ey :or+$3 R*) Indices# 4hite *lood )ell )ount# Platelet )ount# Age# E-ercise
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E**ECT O* <L7COSE *EE1IN< RESPONSES ON PLAS4A <HRELIN AN1 <H A*TER A SIN<LE SESSION O* AERO2IC EDERCISE IN 4ALE /o2ita .athi>I 'bbass *hanbari 7ia,i>I 'siyeh 'baassi &aluee?I 'h+ad 'bdi? 0. $azandaran %ni&ersity 2. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity Ayatollah A'oli *ranch
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study was investigation of the effect of glucose on las+a ghrelinI *8I and glucose after a single session of aerobic exercise in young +an3 !aterial and !ethod: 6welve 0nathletic student +en se arated rando+ly in two grou s (glucose and water)3 Consecutive-one +ail running was erfor+edI with @ +in resting in the end of each +ail3 #lood sa+ les were ta,en at beforeI i++ediately and FG+in after exercise3 Plas+a ghrelinI *8 and glucose were +easured3 Possible statistically significant differences were deter+ined by two-factor '7%1' for re eated were e+ loyed3 6he difference detected by '7%1' were located with a L$& (with #enferoni correction) ost hoc test3 /esults: showed that ghrelin and *8 significantly increased i++ediately after exercise3 &iscussion: &ata indicate that a higher ghrelin in the resent study +ight be attributed a liver glycogen and '6P deficiency and an inco+ lete energy source recovery after exercise3 9ey 6or+$: Aero ic E-ercise# 8hrelin# 8lucose
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E**ECT O* CO42INATION EDERCISE TRAININ< ON SED HOR4ONE 2IN1IN< <LO27LIN IN POST4ENOPA7SAL :O4EN :ITH 2REAST CANCER /e2a 7uri
A#$%ra"% $tudies indicated that decreased sex hor+one binding globulin ($8#*) can increase the ris, of breast cancer and its recurrences in ost+eno ausal wo+en3 %n the other handI itJs ossible that exercise training can affect $8#*3 6hereforeI the ai+ of current study was to clarify the effect of co+bination exercise training on $8#* in ost+eno ausal wo+en with breast cancer3 6husI ?F ost+eno ausal wo+en with breast cancer that received surgeryI che+othera y and radiation thera y divided in to two grou sI ex eri+ental and control3 $ub=ects of ex eri+ental grou erfor+ed >B wee,s co+bination exercise training including wal,ing (? sessions er wee,) and resistance training (? sessions er wee, different fro+ wal,ing days)3 Pre and ost of >B wee,sI body weightI #!I andseru+ $8#* levels were +easured in to two grou s3 &ata were analy2ed using by '7C%1' and significant levels set as UG3GB3 6he findings of resent study de+onstrated that co+bination exercise training has significant effect on body weightI #!I and seru+ $8#* levels ( U G3GB)3 In ex eri+ental grou I body weight and #!I were decreased and $8#* levels were increasedI after >B wee,s3 In conclusionI co+bination exercise training can increase seru+ $8#* levels in ost+eno ausal wo+en with breast cancerI significantly3 #ecause of elevated seru+ or las+a $8#* levels can reduce ris, of breast cancer and its recurrencesI co+bination exercise training during treat+ent can reduce recurrence of breast cancer by increased levels of $8#*3 9ey 6or+$3 )o' ination E-ercise !raining# *reast )ancer# Se- Hor'one *inding 8lo ulin
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THE E**ECT O* EN17RANCE TRAININ< ON RE<7LAR TREAT4ENT PROCE17RE AN1 7LTRA.RAPI1 OPI74 THERAPY (7ROT) O* A11ICTE1 VOL7NTEERS IN SELECTE1 TREAT4ENT CENTERS O* TEHRAN 9aveh 9habiri>" $oheila *hase+i?" $e ideh !ehraein@ 0. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity Ashtian ranch 2. Aero ic and physical fitness federation ir.IRA, >. ,utrition council ,O)
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to assess the effect of regular endurance training on treat+ent rocedure of addicted +ales3 6he sub=ects in this ex eri+ent (ere &olunteers for treat+ent in selected o iu+ thera y centers of 6ehran3 6he highly +otivated artici ants for treat+ent selected as statistical o ulation3 ?EE addicted eo le \ ?? M ?A years old" weight C?a @3B ,g" height >CF3@ a ?3D c+" addiction duration ? a G3@ years and 1o? +ax @Ea C3@(+l/,g/+in)] who+ treated with +ethadone" and different usual treat+ent rocedures li,e 0ltra /a id % iu+ 6hera y (0/%6)" day treat+ent" treat+ent at ho+e and acrostic +ethods were selected3 .or this reason" /6C< (readiness to change Ouestionnaire)" '$0P (addiction substances using attern) Ouestionnaires were used3 0rine analysis was used to detect treat+ent eriod and recovery and la se indicators3 #ruce test and clinical survey were used for eight control and ex eri+ental grou s3 'fter treat+ent rocedure" regular exercises were started in ex eri+ental grou s3 $chedule of exercise was @days er wee, continues aerobic training during E wee,s and its training atterns for artici ants were assessed and devised by trained hysicians3 /ecovery and la se during treat+ent eriod was detected by urine analysis3 .indings suggests la se in addicted eo les who used regular trainings were less than the others3 6his findings show that regular training has bilateral effect on 1%?+ax and better treat+ents in ex eri+ental grou s3 9ey 6or+$: Addicted, %RO!, !raining, R!)D, AS%P
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Sport Mangement
Oral Presentation
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C7STO4ER RELATIONSHIP 4ANA<E4ENT (CR4) IN PHYSICAL *ITNESS CL72S !ah+oud *oodar2i !ehran %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 'lthough custo+er relationshi +anage+ent has been identified as an i+ ortant business a roach in enter rise institutesI there is no universally acce ted definition of C/!3 $wift defined it as an enter rise a roach to understanding and influencing custo+er behavior through +eaningful co++unications in order to i+ rove custo+er ,nowledge recoveryI custo+er acOuisitionI custo+er retentionI custo+er loyaltyI and finally custo+er rofitability (?)3 6ho+ son (?GG?) ,nows C/! as a business strategy to select and +anage the +ost valuable custo+er relationshi s3 >BR-AGR of those custo+ers who +ention that they are satisfied leave enter rises annually3 Ca turing a new custo+er costs five to seven ti+es +ore than retaining existing custo+ers3 FER of dissatisfied custo+ers do not ex lain their dissatisfaction and they only go to other co+ etitors3 ;ithin a s an of one or two yearsI those custo+ers who are fully satisfied urchase the services or roducts of an enter rise six ti+es +ore than those who are =ust satisfied3 ' BR decrease in custo+ers leaving an enter rise will result in @GR-EGR rofitability3 If the enter rises increase custo+er retention by ?RI they can decrease their ad+inistrative ex ense by >GR3 >AR leave the enter rises due to co+ laintsI FR due to co+ etitorsI FR due to dis lace+ent and CER have no reason to leave (the last ercentage shows that CER do not have a s ecific reason why they leave an enter rise)3 /etaining the existing custo+ers and ca turing new ones need efficient and effective +anage+ent with an e+ hasis on +ar,et +anage+ent (>)3 !ost s ort organi2ations understand that they cannot receive custo+ersV satisfaction for a long ti+e by chance and huge invest+ent3 6hey have learned in successful artnershi s that s ort custo+er retention and rofitability de ends on continuous effort3 In rivate clubsI custo+ers are considered as ro erties as those who begin receiving service will rofit an enter riseI thereforeI club +anagers should attract +ore custo+ersI retain the+ and lose fewer custo+ers3 Custo+er satisfaction +easure is a valid and reliable instru+ent with which +ar,eters assess their relationshi with their custo+ers3 9ey 6or+$3 )usto'er# $ar3eting# Relationship $anage'ent
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ST71Y O* SATIS*ACTION, NEE1S AN1 PRO2LE4S O* PHYSICAL *ITNESS AN1 AERO2IC CL72S C7STO4ERS 8abib 8onari Alla'e !a ata aeHI %ni&ersity
A#$%ar"% Custo+er and understand custo+er needsI the secret of success and durability of various organi2ations in todayVs co+ etitive world3 6odayVs world is <uality and co+ etitive world3 $o any organi2ation or institution that cans through a co++unication syste+ and custo+er satisfaction research related factors of goods and services to find your chance to find lasting and +ore rofitable to3 6odayI the world research centers and acade+ic centers in various areas including s orts fields and s orts industry in various researches to investigate and identify factors and custo+er satisfaction have done3 6o ic is such a valuable custo+er that so+e organi2ations as a business artner and custo+er base are considered the +ain organi2ation3 'nd the fa+ous Ja anese "right client" indicates the i+ ortance and lace of custo+er3 '+ong different organi2ations in the field of hysical education and s ortsI fitness and aerobic clubs layed an i+ ortant art in attracting and ,ee ing their users and in this regard significant costs for the construction of s orts co+ lex and ca ture s ecialists are undergoing exercise3 6his study ai+ed to investigate satisfactionI user needs and roble+s of hysical fitness and aerobic clubs are in 6ehran3 6he statistical co++unityI including users set hysical fitness and aerobic exercise in 6ehran is that the nu+ber BDG was chosen as the sa+ le3 's cluster sa+ ling was rando+3 &escri tive and inferential statistical +ethods were used3 /esearch hy othesis of the bino+ial test and t-student and regression analysis using $P$$ software review and analysis was used3 *enerallyI research results showed that the collision between the variables included social wor,ersI good ayI facilities and ratesI +anage+entI staff ex ertise and staff categoriesI levels of ex ertise and coaches ca+e to wor,I easy access and a ro riate ositive and significant relationshi 6here are (P UG3GB)3 It also beca+e clear that the ran,ing of factors between +ale and fe+ale s orts custo+er satisfaction that there are significant differences (t T @3G?I UG3G>)3 /esults of this study indicate that between staff and co++unity a roach to custo+er satisfaction that there are significant ositive relationshi (r T G3DGBI UG / G>) between the a ro riate fee ay+ent and custo+er satisfaction has established a ositive and significant relationshi (r T G3CB?I UG/G>)3 8ealth and safety +atters between s orts co+ lex and custo+er satisfaction has established a ositive and significant relationshi (r T G3DAI UG / G>)3 #etween hysical features and s orts facility sets a ositive and significant relationshi exists (r T G3CBAI UG/G>)3 #etween the Ouality of hu+an resources and custo+er satisfaction sets s orting significant ositive relationshi exist (r T G3ABC UG / GB)3 Ex ertise and efficiency between coaches and custo+er satisfaction that there are significant ositive relationshi (r T G3D>I UG / GB)3 'ccording to the results of the research +anagers and lanners with clients that s orts co+ lexes are aerobic exercise and hysical fitness in order to attract +axi+u+ user satisfaction and
artici ation in s orts and lively environ+ent is universal s orts agents ro ortional factors affect gender-s ecific 6er+s and acade+ic audiences have close attention3 9ey 6or+$A satisfaction# custo'er# sports sites# hu'an factors# social encounter
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AN ASSESS4ENT AN1 EVAL7ATION O* THE SA*ETY PROPERTIES AN1 STAN1AR1S O* AERO2IC AN1 PHYSICAL *ITNESS CL72S AN1 O**ERIN< REF7IRE1 SOL7TIONS !oha++ad Pour,iani>" 'lire2a .arsi>" $afoora $abbaghian /ad? 0. Shahid *eheshti %ni&ersity 2 .8ho' %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study was to verify and Ouantify the safety ro erties and standards of aerobic and hysical fitness clubs across 6ehran city and to rovide reOuired solutions3 .or this ur ose a sa+ le of >G@ clubs were selected through #artlettJs sa+ ling strategy3 0sing the syste+atic rando+ sa+ le" the sa+ les were selected fro+ five districts of 6ehran city3 0sing the cluster sa+ ling" the clubs were selected and evaluated3 &ata was gathered utili2ing chec,list (reliability G/F>)3 6he chec,list included a <uestionnaire (co+ rising >FG Ouestions) regarding four co+ onents including: 6he facilities safety" ceiled laces hygiene factors and EOui +ents" li+its and lines3 In order to analysis the data" the inferential and descri tive +ethod was used3 6he statistical test selected for the analysis was the 9rus,al-;allis test and the 3GB significant levels were used for the test3 &ata analysis indicates that the facilities had a good situation as co+ ared to other co+ onents3 'l+ost FA ercent of clubs had a good situation in ter+s of windows" height and other facilities3 ' significant difference ( TG /G?B) was found between different districts of 6ehran city regarding the facilities3 6he situation of facilities in the northern districts was better than the southern and western districts3 6here was no significant difference between different districts in ter+s of the co+ onents of ceiled laces ( ` /GB)" though titally these facilities hadnJt a good situation across all districts3 'll clubs were devoid of ceiled laces3 6here was a significant difference ( T /G>@) between different districts in ter+s of the co+ onents of eOui +ents and lines3 6his significant difference is indicative of the good situation in the northern district and i+ ro er situation of the southern and western districts3 ' significant difference ( T/GGG) was found between different districts in ter+s of the hygiene co+ onent3 6his difference is indicative of the good situation of northern districts and i+ ro er situation of southern district3 *enerally" all the aerobic and hysical fitness clubs across different districts of 6ehran city need serious consideration and care fro+ a safety ers ective3 9ey 6or+$: Facilities, )eiled Places, Hygiene )ondition, EIuip'ents, .i'its, .ines
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HY<IENE, SA*ETY, AN1 EF7IP4ENTS STAT7S IN IS*AHANIS P72LIC AN1 PRIVATE SPECIALI?E1 2O1Y.CON1ITIONIN< CENTERS *OR :O4EN 7ahid !arvi Esfahani>I 1ahid Hola,taf?I .ariba Harre > 0. Isala'ic Azad %ni&ersity <horasgan *ranch 2. Isfahan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% In this studyIhygieneIsafetyIand eOui +ents status is exa+ined in ublic and rivate bodyconditioning centers s eciali2ed for wo+en in Isfahan3It is a descri tive-co+ arative study3't the ti+e of researchIthe city of Isfahan hadAC(>E ublics/?E rivates)s eciali2ed bodyconditioning centers for wo+en3#y stratified rando+ sa+ lingI>?centers(A ublics/E rivates)were selected for the study3&ata were obtained using 7$C' $afety Chec,list for !aintenance and Cleaning of a body-Conditioning .acility and its EOui +ent3.actors being nonstandard in +ore thanBGRof centers assu+ed to be inadeOuate3In generalIAG hygieneIsafety and eOui +ent factors were chec,ed in order to obtain data on Ouality of flooring and wallsIOuality of environ+ental eOui +entsIsafety and +aintenance of s ort eOui +entIand safety and cleaning of facility environ+ent3;hen ublic and rivate centers were considered togetherIthere were>@(@@R)hygieneIsafetyIand eOui +ent inadeOuacy3;hen ublic and rivate centers were considered inde endentlyIthere were>?(@GR)inadeOuacy in rivate sector and ?A(CGR)inadeOuacy in ublic sector36hese data suggest that Ouality of hygieneIsafetyIand eOui +ent is far better in rivate sector36hey also necessitate that Ouality of hygieneIsafetyIand eOui +ent are i+ roved as soon as ossibleIes ecially in ublic sector3It was revealed that at the ti+e of researchI rivate centers bearC>Rof the load of wo+en s ort with a better Ouality and no ex ense for govern+ent3/ather than i+ osing extra financial costs on rivate sector in different for+s of taxationIit is reco++ended that the road is aved for their develo +ent by su orting the+ financially and legally3 9ey 6or+$: Safety# EIuip'ent# *ody )onditioning )enter# Pri&ate Sector
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INVESTI<ATION O* RELATIONSHIP 2ET:EEN 4AR9ETIN< 4ID AN1 2RAN1 EF7ITY IN PHYSICAL E17CATION AN1 AERO2IC CL72S !oha++ad 8osein 'nsariI 8abib honariI !ani=eh 8oushyar Alla'e !a ata ai %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he goal of current survey is to Investigation of relationshi between +ar,eting +ix and brand eOuity in hysical education and aerobic clubs3 6he statistical set includes hysical and aerobic clubs in 6ehran and @EA erson was chosen as sa+ le using cluster sa+ ling3 6he data were collected using OuestionnaireI validity of which was evident by ex erts3 6he Ouestionnaire constancy was assu+ed G3F using 9ronbach 'l ha coefficient and /egression analyse was used3 6he results indicate a significant relationshi between Ingredient of +ar,eting +ix and brand eOuity in hysical education and aerobic clubs3 9ey 6or+$: $ar3eting $i-# *rand EIuity# Physical Education# )lu
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ST71Y O* E**ECTIVE CAPA2ILITIES ON SPORTS TO7RIS4 1EVELOP4ENT IN <OLESTAN 'bdolha+id Heitoonli>I 8abib 8onari?I 'bolfa2l .arahani>I 8asan 'sadi@ 0. Paya'e noor %ni&ersity 2. Alla'e !a ata ai %ni&ersity# !ehran %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 'nalysis ca abilities and resources re resents an i+ ortant first ste in the develo +ent and +anage+ent of s orts touris+ ur oses3 6he ur ose of this research is study ca abilities and resources effective in *olestan rovince to develo and +anage+ent of s ort touris+ in the *olestan rovince3 $tatistical $ociety study (B@ ex erts and officialsI DA touristsI FG hysical education teachers)I res ectively3 6he study instru+ent was OuestionnaireI with validity and reliability (E@R T c)3 .or data analysis was used .actor analysis 3 6he results showed that DFR $tatistical $ociety study +entioned that *olestan rovince is one of the i+ ortant and ca able destinations for s orts touris+ develo +ent and tourist attractions and were considered ca able of develo ing various s orts related to seaside and su++erI s orts related to +ountainI snow and winter s orts related /egional and se+i-desert lains is broad3 6he traditional s ort of EOuestrian $ ort 6ouris+ +a=or attractions in *olestan rovince have +entioned3 9ey 6or+$: Resources# Attractions# !ouris'# Sport !ouris' "e&elop'ent# $anage'ent# Purposes 8olestan Pro&ince
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THE IN*L7ENCE O* SERVICE F7ALITY, C7STO4ER SATIS*ACTION AN1 ATTIT71INAL LOYALTY ON 2EHAVIORAL *7T7RE INTENTION O* PARTICIPATIONS IN *ITNESS CENTERS 1ahid $aatchian>I $ayed !ahdi /asouli>I Eisa Es,andari>I 'lire2a Elahi>I 'h+ad !ah+oudi? 0. !ar iat $oale' %ni&ersity 2. !ehran %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was influence of service OualityI custo+er satisfaction and attitudinal loyalty on behavioral future intention of artici ations in fitness centers3 6his study was descri tive-co relational3 6he o ulation of study includes all costu+ers of aerobic and fitness centers in /asht and >GA eo le elected rando+ly3 6o gather data standard Ouestionnaire of service Ouality (<$$) 'lexandris (>FFF)I custo+er loyalty ('I$) 'len (>FFG)I custo+er satisfaction (%C$) 1ictor (?GG?) and behavioral future intention (#.I$) #ery (>FFC) was used3 /esults indicated that there was ositive and significant relation between service Oualities with loyaltyI satisfaction and behavioral future intention3 'lso there was ositive and significant relation between loyalty with satisfaction and behavioral future intention and finally custo+er satisfaction had ositive and significant relation with behavioral future intention3 /egression test showed that only custo+er satisfaction and loyalty can affect behavioral future intention3 Eventually it should be considered that fitness and aerobic club +anagers should lay a great role in custo+er satisfaction by stating on their ro+ises and roviding +ore tangible services to attracting loyal custo+ers3 9ey :or+$: Ser&ice Duality# )usto'er Satisfaction# Attitudinal .oyalty# Physical Fitness 5 Aero ic
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A CO4PARISON O* PHYSICAL *ITNESS O2JECTIVE :ITH OTHER O2JECTIVES O* PE C7RRIC7L74 /ahi+ /a+e2ani 7e=ad>I !oha++ad 7ia2i>I !ina !olaei? 0. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity @iroft *ranch 2. 8uilan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of the resent study was to co+ are the riority of hysical fitness s ecial ob=ectives of hysical Education and $ ort curriculu+3 In this study @EB P3E3 s ecialistsJ ?C>G P3E3 teachersI >GDF students and >G>? arents were selected as sub=ects fro+ ?B rovinces of the Iran3 ' researcher-+ade Ouestionnaire with high internal consistency of (rTG3D>) with >B ite+s on five li,ert value was used to deter+ine the riority of B +a=or ob=ectives ( hysicalI s,illI cognitiveI e+otional and social) of P3E3 curriculu+3 $ ecialists and teachers in a selective way and arents and students in a si+ le rando+ way were chosen as sa+ les3 6heI centers of study and researchI and heads of P3E3 de art+ents in different rovinces of country were selected to collecting arents 5 students3 6he interview was used to co+ lete the Ouestionnaire hierarchical3 6he data were analy2ed by 9ruscal M1allis test in level of PZ G3GB3 6he results indicated that fro+ the s ecialistsI teachers and studentsJ oint of viewsI a significant difference existed between +ean ran,s of all the s ecific ob=ectives in three levels of acade+ic scandals3 8oweverI fro+ arentsJ oint of viewsI no significant difference existed between P3E3 ob=ectives in @ acade+ic levels (exce t e+otional ob=ective)36he co+ arison of the ob=ectives in ele+entary levelI indicated that e+otional and social ob=ectives fro+ s ecialists oint of viewI s,ill and hysical develo +ent ob=ective fro+ teacher oint of viewI cognitive and social ob=ectives fro+ student and arents oint of view in high riority3 6he co+ arison of these ob=ectives in =unior high school showed that the hysical fitness and e+otional ob=ectives fro+ s ecialists and teachers oint of view were in high riorities3 8owever the students and arents oint of view in this level was si+ilar to ri+ary level3 In high school levelI the hysical fitness 5 social develo +ent ob=ectives fro+ teachers 5 s ecialist oint of viewI and the e+otional and social ob=ectives fro+ arents and students oint of view were in high riorities (PZ G3GB3)3 9ey 6or+$: Physical Fitness# Physical O =ecti&es# Physical Education# )urriculu'# Students
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EDA4INE THE ROLE O* SPORT 4E1IA IN PRO4OTIN< AN1 1EVELOPIN< THE CO4PONENTS O* PHYSICAL PREPARE1NESS SPORT !ahdi !oradi>I 8abib 8onari>I 'bdolha+id 'h+adi?I 'lire2a 'h+adi>I $atar !oradi> 0. Alla'eh !a ata ai %ni&ersity 2. @ahad+e "aneshgahi+e <esh&ar
A#$%ra"% *iven the significant role of +edia in sha ing and giving direction to the beliefsI attitudes and thoughts of society and also the role of hysical activities and hysical re aredness in clearing the hysical and +ental status of societyI the issue that rise is to what extent the s ort +edia have contribution in develo +ent and ro+otion of hysical re aredness co+ onentsk 6he research +ethodology is descri tive-co+ arativeI the ty e of the research was a liedI the +ethod of acco+ lish+ent was surveyI and data collection was field study3 /esearch Po ulation was the s orts and +edia ex erts3 /esearch sa+ le included >AG eo le and sa+ ling +ethod was non-rando+3 ' researcher-+ade Ouestionnaire consist of CG ite+s with >G di+ensions and B oint Li,ert scale was used to collect infor+ation3 6he validity of the Ouestionnaire was deter+ined by >B ex erts in the field of co++unication sciencesI hysical education and s orts3 Its reliability is also deter+ined through CronbachVs 'l ha (cTG3EA)3 9ol+ogorov-$+irnov test was used to investigate if the data is nor+al and ;ilcoxon test was used to deter+ine the significance of hy otheses3 .ro+ the view oint of +edia and s ort ex ertsI in level of PTG3GB there is significant difference between the status Ouo and desired status of the s ort +ediaVs role in develo ing and ro+oting the co+ onents of hysical re aredness s ort3 It see+s that the +ain reason for difference between status Ouo and desired status fro+ the view oint of exa+inees is the lac, of co+ rehensiveness of s ort +edia rogra+s or the lac, of insight fro+ +edia eo le about various di+ensions of athletic s orts3 9ey 6or+$3 Sport $edia# Physical Acti&ity# Physical Preparedness
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STATISTICAL 4O1EL TEST *OR ECONO4ICAL.PHYSICAL *ITNESS PARA4ETERS A**ECTIN< THE ATTRACTION O* THE SPORT SPECTATORS 'deleh $adeghi !oghda+I /e2a !oha++ad 9a2e+iI .ar2ad *hafouri
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of the resent research is introducing a statistical +odel of econo+ical- hysical fitness ara+eters +otivating s ort consu+ers3 'd+on (?GGB) found that health and fitness i+ rove+ent are so+e of +ain +otivations for s ort involve+ent3 6he i+ ortance of the current sub=ect is thatI itVs rovide the useful infor+ation about the influence of the attraction of the s ort s ectators on the econo+y and conducting the +anagerial rogra+s via understanding the relations between costu+er and ara+eters which affect the attraction of coliseu+ s ort s ectators3 6he statistical sa+ le co+ rises >GG +en and wo+en s ectators3 $tatistical +ethods were $tructural EOuation !odel ($E!) and LisrelE3E with cTG3GB3 6he results of $E! showed that hysical fitness and econo+ical ara+eters have direct and ositive effect on s ort involve+ent and re-attendance of s ectators at s ort events which have a good agree+ent with the findings of #ochet (?G>G)I Li+ (?GGF) and 6rail et3 al (?GGF)3 9ey 6or+$3 Statistical $odel# Econo'ical+Physical Fitness Para'eters# Athletes
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C7STO4ER.ORIENTE1 4ANA<E4ENT PRINCIPLES IN SPORTS PLACES AN1 SPACES AS AN E**ECTIVE STEP TO PROVI1E PHYSICAL AN1 4ENTAL HEALTH O* CITI?ENS 8abib 8onariI =avad shahlaeiI 'lire2a 'h+adiI !ehdi !oradiI :a2dan $obhani Alla'eh !a ata ai %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this research was to study the factors affecting roductivity of s ort laces and s aces in the city of 6ehran in the field of custo+er-orientation3 6he +ethodology of the study was descri tive-survey that was conducted as a field-study3 6he research o ulation included ex erts and +anagers of s orts laces and s aces in 6ehranI and the sa+ le consisted of AG +anagers and ex erts3 6he sa+ ling +ethod was non-rando+3 6he +easure was a researcher-+ade Ouestionnaire with AB ite+s and D- oint Li,ert scale that its validity was a roved by >@ ex erts3 CronbachVs 'l ha was used to deter+ine its reliability which was c T G3ED3 6he descri tive statistics was used to describe the exa+inees status in ter+s of educationI ageI and sex3 .ried+an 6est was a lied to rioriti2e the factors affecting roductivity of the s orts areas in the field of custo+er-orientation3 6he results showed that in custo+er orientation fieldI cross-relation and interaction of +anagers with the co++unity laces highest riority (B/EG) and ty e of a lication (athleticI educational and entertaining) has the lowest riority (A/EG)3 6he findings could lay an i+ ortant role in satisfying users of s orting s aces (as a +ost-user field in the city)3 9ey 6or+$: Sport Spaces# Producti&ity# )usto'er# )usto'er+orientation# Satisfaction
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SPORT SPONSORSHIP SELECTION 4O1ELIN< O* IRANJS LEA<7ES 7oushin #anar>I .ate+eh !ohades? 0. 8uilan %ni&ersity 2. Fero(si %ni&ersity of $ashhad
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study is +odeling of s ort s onsorshi selection in leagues of Iran3 6he statistical o ulations consist of s onsors who s onsored F s ort tea+s in su er leagues which were active 3>@A s onsors were selected as sa+ les3 6he +ethod which is a lied in this research was descri tive and correlative 3/esearcher M +ade Ouestionnaire was used to collect data which its content and face validity was confir+ed by >B ex erts university anel 3 Coronbachs 'l ha coefficient was used to test the reliability of the Ouestionnaire ( = G / FA) 3 .actor 'nalysis with a vari+ax rotation was used to analy2e the data3 ?A variables were selected and classified into four categories W$ ort nature I$ onsor natureI !anage+ent interests and Cul ability degree3 .inally I due to Path analysisI the +odel of s ort s onsorshi selection of Iran has been +ade3 Ex loratory +odel indicated that $ onsor nature and $ ort nature factors are inde endent factors and Ca ability degree is as a de endent and inter+ediary factorI also the !anage+ent interests is as a res ond and de endent factor3 $ ort nature has the +ost effect to !anage+ent interests with (G/B?)3 9ey 6or+$: Sport Sponsorship $anage'ent# Sport $ar3eting and Sport Sponsorship Selection
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A CO4PARATIVE ST71Y O* SI<HT O* O:NERS, 4ANA<ERS AN1 COACHES O* PHYSICAL *ITNESS CENTERS IN A2O7T NEE1S TOTAL 4ANA<E4ENT IN*OR4ATION SYSTE4 !ohsen #agherianI 8abib honariI .arideh 'shraf *an=ouei
A#$%ra"% 6his study sought to investigate the reOuire+ents of +anage+ent infor+ation syste+(!I$) for Iranian s ort +anagers and coachesI in order to design a !I$ to i+ rove the Ouality of +anage+ent in Physical .ittness facilities(P..)3 ;e hy othesised that current s ort +anage+ent co+ uter software rogra++es do not adeOuately satisfy the +anagerJs needsI because they have not roduce in a good +anner and +ethodological basis3 $o we design a Ouestionnaire with BA ite+ that include F ara+eter about needs of 6otal !anage+ent Infor+ation $yste+ for P..3 $a+ les are >? owners(+ean age T @C3?AS D3D>)I >B +anagers(+ean age T@@3CD S F3@D) and @B coaches(+ean age T ?F3B>S B3DC)36he results of this study indicated that there were no significant differences in 7eeds of 6otal !anage+ent Infor+ation $yste+ between $ight of %wnersI !anagers and Coaches of Physical .itness Centers ( .(>IBF)T?3EBI PUG3GB)3 6he results re resent that definition of any syste+ and infor+ation field of itsI is necessary as first hase in syste+ design3 'lso the results indicated that these needs include basic infor+ations are needed for develo ing a new s ort infor+ation syste+3 6o i+ rove the Ouality of +anage+ent in s ortI we suggest the use of these infor+ation for design and roduce of s ort infor+ation syste+s3 9ey 6or+$: $IS# )"$# Analysis and "esign# Physical fitness
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REVIE: 2ARRIERS TO 27IL1IN< SPORT IN*RASTR7CT7RES AN1 SOL7TIONS :ITH E4PHASIS ON 4ETHO1S O* 2OT 'niseh #ourbourI $ayed !oha++ad 8osein /a2avi
A#$%ra"% Physical activity and exercise in the current situation in various countries the world as indis utable necessity has been acce tedI $o to develo hysical activity and s ort in co++unities need to increase the s orts venues3 &ue to li+ited financial resources and shortage of goods and services reOuired Physical Education %rgani2ation and the Earth causing ex ensive roble+s are building s orts venuesI hence the ossibility of govern+ents to res ond to conte+ orary needs of societyI not all eventually turned to the rivate sector have rivati2ation rocess and ownershi transfer of state shares or Ouasi-govern+ental fir+s to institutional investors outside the natural and legal structure of state ownershi refers to the +any advantages can be createdI es ecially in ter+s of value and synergy to create a syste+ in rivati2ation rocedures variety of ro=ects to avoid the roble+s stated that one of these solutions is the use of #%6 contracts of +any roble+s that can advance a ro=ect to revent and s orts develo +ent ro=ects to i+ roveI this +ethod rivate sector =ob designI construction and o eration to do ro=ects and ro=ect financing is in charge3 6he ur ose of this study suggests so+e strategies for re+oving barriers to building laces s orts3 *iven that reviews and studies as a library researcher +ade solutions to ex ress the obstacles and barriers are addressed3 9ey 6or+$: Sport Infrastructure# *O! )ontracts# )onstruction *arriers Places Sports
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In!orma%(on Te"'nolo)y an+ P'y$("al *(%ne$$ #eh2ad $al+aniI 'h+ad !ootab !a riz %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 7u+erous technologies +ade i+ rove+ents in s ort and athletes have been associated with other inventions3 Infor+ation technology (I6) has influenced different sections in s ort field which can be classified in different arts3 .or a n exa+ le it can be considered in other fields li,e: >-s ort eOui +ent ?- s ort +anage+ent s ort @-s ort education3 I6 has had a lot of influences fro+ as ect of eOui +ent devices such as +easuring heart beat distanceI acceleration and variety of connected syste+s to athleteJs body during exercise3 6rac,er balls or lots of other devices which clearly or invisibly have eOui ed with the ower of electronic technologies3 6otally it had a lot of effects on other fields too3 'ging rocess a+ong athletes and i+ roved +otions and environ+ental saniti2ing has been easier than they were in the ast by usages of I63 /e+edies and in=uries and u to dated infor+ation about diseases and +ove+ents and regulating s ort rogra+s have brought about none sheer of racticality3 !anaging s ort affairs and s ecified couching along with enhanced abilities a+ong thera ists3 I6 has develo ed infor+ation and recision which were i+ ossible before3 %ne of the essential changes in s ort is +anage+ent3 !otor analysis individually or socially has changed for+ and ty e of s ort +anage+ent3 8owever researches done in I6 show that these are not enough3 #ecause of that one of the de+ands to deter+ine current situations in our country and assessing existed otentials and d co+ aring it with international standards which its ractical a roach regarding a ga between the international level and current level in our countryI it is considered as a necessity3 $oft ware designed by our own country engineers are s ecified for healthy dietI weight trainingI hysical fitness and aOuatic training for elites and elderly and young eo le in both genders3 0sages of this software can be considered as a suitable database for rogra++ing and introduced according to current situation of s ort society3 9ey 6or+$3 Infor'ation !echnology# Physical fitness# Physical fitness soft(are
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A S7RVEY CHALLEN<ES ENTREPRENE7RSHIP IN SPORT O* IRAN *RO4 THE VIE: POINT O* SPECIALISTS AN1 PRESENTIN< RE*OR4ATION POLICIES Heinab !andali HadehI 8abib honari Alla'eh !a ata ai %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study is survey challenges of entre reneurial in s ort of Iran fro+ the oint of view s ort +anagerVs and entre reneurshi +anagerVs rofessors and to +anagerVs hysical education organi2ation and resenting refor+ation olicies3 6he study was descri tive survey that was used interview and Ouestionnaire to data collection that its reliability (cT3FB) is obtained after its validity confir+ation (by rofessors)3 &ata was analy2ed by .actor analysis test (9!%T3ECI o? T?>@E3FED)3 6he result showed that the +ost i+ ortant challenges were lac, of a ro riate infrastructures for businessI lac, rivate invest+ent in s ort and activities of other ad+inistrative devices in s ort of Iran3 ' survey of conflicts and challenges entre reneurshi in s ort e+ hasi2ed on effective lanning and attention for e+ loying in s ort and using safe lanning by co+ etence +anagers to rovide bac,ground for entre reneurshi and e+ loy+ent3 .inally this a erI suggests refor+ing solutions for the challenges of s ort entre reneurshi 3 9ey 6or+$' Entrepreneurship )hallenges# sport# Iran
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THE ANALYSIS O* RELATIONSHIP A4ON< SERVICE F7ALITY, 4E42ERSJ SATIS*ACTION AN1 LOYALTY IN AERO2IC CL72S IN 9ARAJ 'li #enesbordiI $ayed 7asorollah $a==adiI 'h+ad !ah+oudiI /asoul Habetian
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this research was the analysis of relationshi a+ong service OualityI +e+bersJ satisfaction and loyalty in aerobic clubs in 9ara=3 !ethod of the research is descri tive and correlation ,ind3 6he statistical o ulation was the +e+bers of aerobic clubs3 >? clubs were selected in a rando+ cluster way and totally >A> Ouestionnaire were collected3 In the research standard Liu Ouestionnaire was used that has been translated and its validity was subscribed by s ecialist teachers3 /eliability of Ouestionnaire also was calculated by CronbachJs al ha coefficient (cT G/ED)3 6he analysis of data was assessed in two distinct levels: descri tive and inference (Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression)3 6he result showed there is a significant relationshi between service Ouality and +e+bersJ satisfactionI service Ouality and +e+bersJ loyaltyI +e+bersJ satisfaction and +e+bersJ loyalty in aerobic clubs of 9ara=3 %therwise +e+bersJ satisfaction effected the variance of +e+bersJ loyalty +ore than service Ouality3 9ey 6or+$3 Ser&ice Duality# $e' ers6 Satisfaction# .oyalty# Aero ics
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THE CO4PARISON LEA1ERSHIP STYLES O* COACHES O* PARTICIPATE1 IN AERO2IC AN1 *ITNESS NATIONAL CO4PETITION ON 20 0 $oheila *hase+i>I /obab $hahrian?I !ahdi 9ohandel> 0. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity <ara= *ranch 2. I.R.Iran Federation of Physical Fitness 5 Aero ic
A#$%ra"% 6he +ain ob=ective of this research was to deter+ine and co+ are different leadershi styles a+ong coaches of artici ated in 'erobic and fitness 7ational Co+ etition on ?G>G year in Isla+ic /e ublic of Iran3 6he statistical o ulation of this research consisted of >GG fe+ale coaches of artici ated in that co+ etition3 6otal coaches were selected as the statistical sa+ le of this research3 's this research was a descri tive surveyI two Ouestionnaires were used to collect the necessary data3 6he Collected data were analy2ed by inferential and descri tive statistical +ethods and the below results were achieved in the +eaningfulness level (P U G3GB): Coaches in two s ort disci lines have +ore tendencies to use the tas, - oriented leadershi style and their tas, - oriented were high level3 .itness coaches have +ore tendencies to use the tas,-oriented leadershi style co+ are to 'erobic coaches3 #ut their differences were not +eaningful3 Coaches in two s ort disci lines have tendencies to use the +oderate level of eo le oriented leadershi style and their differences were not +eaningful3 Coaches in two s ort disci lines have tendencies to use the +oderate level of integrated leadershi style and their differences were not +eaningful3
9ey 6or+$3 People# Oriented# !as3# Oriented and Integrati&e .eadership Styles# )oach# Fitness# Aero ic
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PREPARIN< NATIONAL NOR4S O* PHYSICAL *ITNESS *OR A1OLESCENT AN1 YO7TH 4ALE IRANIANS /obab $hahrian>I 'bbas 9hodayaari?I !oha++ad *hau+I !a2aher /ahi+ our@I !ehrnoush #ah+ani 0. I.R.Iran Federation of Physical Fitness 5 Aero ic 2. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity <ara= *ranch# >.Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity Firooz <hooh *ranch
A#$%ra"% Pre aring national nor+s of hysical fitness in various age grou s can be useful in evaluating hysical and +otional ca abilities of athletes3 %n the other handI evaluating athletes is a necessity in s orts3 &ue to the i+ ortance of these nor+sI the goal of the resent research is to re are national hysical fitness nor+s of adolescent and youth +ale Iranians3 6he statistic o ulation was fro+ all rovinces of the country that a+ong allI >D rovinces were chosen as sa+ les of the research3 6he sub=ects were divided into ? grou s of >B to >C years of age (adolescent) and >D to >E year-old (youth)3 In this researchI station tests include of agilityI weight +ove+entI !edicine ball throwsI and =u+ s were ta,enI and also BAG +eter trac, test was used in order to +easure cardio-res iratory endurance3 ' descri tive +ethod of research a lying +easure of central tendencyI freOuencyI and ercentile techniOues were chosen3 In addition to finding nor+I the other results was re ared: in adolescentI the lowest and highest ti+e for +oving weight was F3CG and >B3GG secondsI >C3@> and ?@3@G seconds for agilityI BAG +eters trac, >3AF and ?3C@ +inutesI =u+ ing A3BG and D3DE +eter3 !edicine ball(?,g) throws >G3DB and A3@G +eters3 In youthI the lowest and highest ti+e for +oving weight was E3FG and >A3EG secondsI >B3@> and >D3@F seconds for agilityI BAG +eters trac, >3A? and ?3>G +inutesI =u+ ing B3DB and E3A? +eter3 !edicine ball (?,g) throw s C3AG and >>3?G +eters3 9ey 6or+$: Physical Fitness# ,or'# Adolescent# ?outh
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Sport Management
Poster Presentation
Page 266
THE STATISTICAL 4O1EL TEST *OR ECONO4ICAL.PHYSICAL *ITNESS PARA4ETERS A**ECTIN< THE ATTRACTION O* THE SPORT SPECTATORS 'deleh $adeghi !oghda+I /e2a !oha++ad 9a2e+iI .ar2ad *hafouri
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of resent research is recognition of the ara+eters which affect on s ort s ectator attendance and introducing a theoretical +odel 3entertain+ents are i+ ortant ara+eters which affecting the s ort s ectators attendanceI but since they donJt have a +eaningful relation with the re-attendance of s ort s ectators ('d+onI ?GGB)36he statistical sa+ le co+ rises >GG handball s ectators which filled out the researcher +ade Ouestionnaire in a classified rando+ly +annerI beforeI +iddle and after the s ort event3 $tatistical +ethods used were $tructural EOuation !odel ($E!)I with LisrelE3E36he results of $E! showed that hysical fitnessecono+ical ara+eters which are investigated at the coliseu+ s ortsI have direct effect on reattendance of s ectators at the stadiu+3 8owever there is a strong direct relation between hysical fitness and econo+ical ara+etersI hysical fitness ara+eters have higher effect on the attendance of s ectator than econo+ical ara+eters3 #utI the econo+ical ara+eters have higher influence on re-attendance of s ectators directly3 .indings showed that there is a direct relation between hysical fitness-econo+ical ara+eters and attraction and finally re-attendance of s ectators in the coliseu+ s orts which has a good agree+ent with the findings of #ochet (?G>G)I Li+ (?GGF) and 6rail et3 al (?GGF)3 9ey 6or+$: Statistical $odel# Econo'ical+Physical Fitness Para'eters# Sport Spectators
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ST71Y RELATIONSHIP 2ET:EEN C7STO4ER LOYALTY AN1 RELATE1 *ACTORS IN THE SPORTS CO4PLEDES IN TEHRAN Jahangir $olei+ani &a+anehI !ehr2ad 8a+idiI 'h+ad !ah+oudi !ehran %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of the resent study was to investigate the relationshi between custo+er loyalty and concerning factors in s orts co+ lexes in 6ehran3 $ince s orts service +ar,et li,e other service +ar,etsI is co+ etitive in natureI !anagers of s ort co+ lexes ai+ at raising the Ouality of their wor, and increasing custo+er satisfaction levels and thus increasing custo+erJs loyalty to their s orts laces3 6he statistical o ulation of this study included all s ort custo+ers attending s ort co+ lexes in 6ehran3 6hrough the use rando+ cluster sa+ ling B districts were selected and >FD Ouestionnaires were distributed a+ong custo+ers3 In order to deter+ine the relationshi between variablesI Pearson test was used3 6he results showed there was a ositive and significant correlation between custo+er satisfaction and their loyalty to the s ort co+ lexes3 'lsoI there was a ositive and significant correlation between Ouality service and custo+er loyalty in s ort co+ lexes (PUG/GB)3 9ey 6or+$3 .oyalty# Sport )o'ple-es# )usto'er
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INVESTI<ATION O* LI4ITE1 AN1 4OTIVATIONAL *ACTORS TO TA9IN< PART O* <IRL ST71ENTS O* 4E1ICAL 7NIVERSITIES IN PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES AN1 O**ERIN< EDEC7TIVE STRATE<IES $hirin Hardoshtian>I $edigheh 8ossin our &elavar?I 7arges #aoush 0. Razi %ni&ersity of <er'anshah 2. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity <er'anshah *ranch
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this research is Investigation of li+ited and +otivational factors to ta,ing art of girl students in +edical science activities in athletic activities and offering executive strategies3 ?AG athletes and ?A> non-athletes co+ leted the Ouestionnaire that +easured four as ects included: hysicallyI sychologyI attitude-cultural and s ort facilities3 result showed according to the riority of li+ited factors for artici ation in hysical activities consists: s ort facilitiesI attitude-culturalI sychology and hysically3 .or riority of +otivational factors were s ort facilitiesI sychologyI hysically and attitude-cultural finding showed s ort facilities was i+ ortant role in li+ited and +otivational factor for artici ation in hysical activity3 Establish s ort facilities in &or+itory can hel student artici ation in hysical activity3 9ey 6or+$: .i'ited and $oti&ational Factors# 8irl Students# $edical %ni&ersities# Physical Acti&ities# E-ecuti&e Strategie
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1ESI<NIN< AN1 1EVELOPIN< A CO4PREHENSIVE SYSTE4 *OR ENTREPRENE7RSHIP IN SPORT O* IRAN Heinab !andali HadehI 8abib 8onariI !ahboubeh 7aghavi Alla'eh !a ata ai %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study is designing and develo ing a co+ rehensive syste+ for entre reneurshi in $ ort of Iran3 6he research +ethod is descri tivei analytic one and was conducted as a survey3 $tatistical sa+ le in this study consisted of FG sub=ects including: clubs +anagersI rofessors and Ph3& student of s ort +anage+ent and to +anagers of the hysical education organi2ation of Isla+ic /e ublic of Iran3 In develo ing and designing a co+ rehensive syste+ recogni2ed internal and external factors of entre reneurshi with attention of role and i+ ortance of e+ loy+ent and financing in s ort 36henI according to internal and external +atrixI entre reneurshi osition in s ort was lace in defensive status which conseOuently leads to re aring $;%6 table and finally it is ossible to develo the strategies3 In conclusionI we can say that ;6 strategies should be a lied with attention to the existing statues of entre reneurshi in the field of entre reneurshi in s ort3 9ey 6or+$: Strategic Plan# Entrepreneurship# S4O!# Sport
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THE CO4PARISON O* F7ALITY O* LI*E *OR THE EL1ERLY 2ASE1 ON 1I**ERENT LEVELS O* PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN THE CITY O* SHIRA? 'lire2a $abet $arvestaniI !ehrdad 'f,ha+i
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study to co+ are Ouality of life for the elderly based on different levels of hysical activity in the city of $hira2 in >@EF was conducted3 In this studyI the research is ty e event (eli co+ arison)3 .or this ur oseI >?G elderly residents of nursing at the center of $hira2 Jhandydgan exa+ le and were rando+ly selected3 Elderly artici ants eligible after co+ letion of hysical activity deter+ined based on the ty e and duration of daily activity and calorie inta,e was designed in three grou s of AG eo leI activeI se+i active and inactive were dividedI then the elderly Ouestionnaire Ouality of life for Ouality of life +easure was designed to co+ lete3 &ata obtained by the Ouality of life Ouestionnaire ?A Ouestions through tests descri tive statistics (+ean and standard deviation) test and one-way analysis of variance ('7%1') with $cheffe ost hoc test ($8E..E) and by using $P$$ version >C was +ode analysis3 $o+e research findings includeI the +ean age of artici ants in the study was CB/CC3 'verage score of life Ouality in the sa+ le is D?/DB3 6he highest score (F@/>D) related to the active grou and the lowest score of elderly +en (A@/>C) related to the grou is inactive elderly +en3 <uality of life of se+i-active grou is DB/F?3 9ey6or+$3 Duality of .ife# Elderly# Physical Acti&ity
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THE PRIORITI?ATION O* :O4EN C7STO4ER SATIS*ACTION *RO4 AERO2IC AN1 *ITNESS CENTERS IN SA2?EVAR .arideh 8adavi>I 1ahid $aatchian?I $ayed !ahdi /asouliI !o=gan 'li abadi@I #agher !orsal@ 0 .Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity Isala' Shahr *ranch 2 .!ar iat $oale' %ni&ersity >. Isala'ic Azad %ni&ersity Shahroud *ranch
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was rioriti2ation of wo+en custo+er satisfaction fro+ aerobic and fitness centers in $ab2evar3 6his +ethod of this study was descri tive-survey and it was erfor+ed on a field study survey3 6he o ulation of study includes all costu+ers of aerobic and fitness centers in $ab2evar and >GC eo le elected rando+ly3 6o gather data +ade Ouestionnaire used according to revious studies33 /esults indicated that costu+ers with less than > year artici ation had the +otivation of weight controlI ?-@ years costu+ers artici ate for good sha e body and the ones with +ore than ?-@ years were there for fitness and finally +ore than @ years artici ations had the health holding +otivation3 In satisfaction as ectsI sociali2ation with load of (G3DC) had the +ost significant and the feeI buffet and club lace (loadT G3AC) were the least i+ ortant factors3 Eventually it should be considered that fitness and aerobic club +anagers should lay a great role in custo+er satisfaction by stating on their ro+ises and roviding +ore tangible services to attracting loyal custo+ers3 9ey 6or+$: Satisfaction# $ar3eting# Physical Fitness and Aero ic# 4o'en
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EVAL7ATION O* E**ICACY INTRA47RAL ACTIVITIES, ISLA4IC A?A1 7NIVERSITY O* ?ANJAN $ayed 8osein !ousaviI !ahdi /e2a *holi2adehI .ar2ad 9ha+seh our
A#$%ra"% 6his study is atte+ ting to evaluate the efficacy intra+ural activities of Isla+ic '2ad 0niversity MHan=an #ranch3 '+ong >>EEB students (boys and girls) in Isla+ic '2ad 0niversity-Han=an #ranch in associated degree and #3'I which were for+ed rando+ly fro+ ABG eo le as the sa+ leI were selected3 6he ty e of study design is descri tive whose reOuired infor+ation has been collected by the Ouestionnaires3 6herefore the descri tive statistics is used for classificationsI data ad=ustI +eanI standard deviationI ercentagesI lentyJs tableI diagra+s3 6est [? significant level G3GB is used for deter+ining the relationshi between the factors educational successI satisfaction levelI gender and education field of students3 6he efficacy of these activities has been regarded +ini+u+ by >B3> ercent of the students3 AB3E ercent of the+ have considered these activities +ediu+ and @F3> ercent of the artici ants stated that the efficacy is +axi+u+3 $ignificant difference was observed between satisfaction and student artici ation in intra+ural activities3 &ifference between the acade+ic and their artici ation in intra+ural activities was significant3 It wasnJt found significant relationshi between gender and artici ation of students3 6here wasnJt significant relationshi betweenthe field and artici ation in intra+ural activities3 9ey 6or+$3 E&aluation# Efficacy# Intra'ural Acti&ities
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1ETER4ININ< COASTAL SPORTS ROLE ON TO7RIS4 1EVELOP4ENT 8asan /ah+ani 9afshgariI $ayed !oha++ad 8osein /a2avi $azandaran %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6ouris+ Industry has been ta,en into consideration by +an since long ti+e ago3 6odayI it lays an i+ ortant role in global econo+y3 6he awareness of societies of its i+ ortance has +ade the touris+ find a broad +eaning in different social and cultural as ectsI and it is considered as industry3 $eas and beaches have always been one of the laces attracted by tourists because of their variety in recreational sources and ca acity in otential touris+3 #ased on B th &evelo +ent PlanI Iran should yearly host a roxi+ately ?G +illion tourists by the end of ?G?A and the status of s orts in the country and holding s orts co+ etitions cannot be si+ ly ignored3 Considering the library studies doneI the researcher has exa+ined the role of beach s orts affecting the touris+ develo +ent3 9ey 6or+$3 )oastal Sports# !ouris'# Sport !ouris'# Sustaina le "e&elop'ent
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ANALYSIS O* *ACTORS RELATE1 TO C7STO4ERSR LOYALTY IN *ITNESS CENTERS O* TEHRAN 'h+ad !ah+oudiI 'ra+ !oradiI $ayed 7asorollah $a==adiI !ehr2ad 8a+idi
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of the research is analy2ing factors related to custo+ersp loyalty in fitness centers of 6ehran3 7owadaysI custo+ersp loyalty is a ,ey feature in success of co++ercial and service organi2ations3 $o if an organi2ation can reach to custo+ersp loyaltyI it re ares ground for its long ter+ and sustainable develo +ent3 6he research statistical o ulation was custo+ers of fitness centers in 6ehran3 Cluster rando+ sa+ ling was used as the sa+ ling +ethod for this research3 6he sa+ le volu+e is fro+ A districts of ?? districts in 6ehran3 ' researcher-+ade Ouestionnaire was used to collect data and >@@ Ouestionnaires answered by sa+ le volu+e were gathered3 its reliability was assessed via Cronbach al ha test (c T G/EF)I 'lso factor analysis +ethod was used3 6he results showed that Wservice OualityX with factor (load: G/EC)I Wcusto+ersp satisfactionX with factor (load:G/E@) and Wattention on selecting brandX with factor (load:G/E>) were of greatest i+ ortance in custo+ersp loyalty to fitness centers of 6ehran3 9ey 6or+$3 )usto'er .oyalty# Fitness )enters# )usto'er
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THE CONTENT ANALYSIS O* PHYSICAL E17CATION OR<ANI?ATION CHIE*SJ VIE:POINTS A2O7T THE P72LIC L ENTERTAIN4ENT SPORT *RO4 3-N TO 3HH 8a+id *hase+iI !arya+ '+iri
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of the researchI content analysis of Physical Education %rgani2ation chiefsJ view oints about the ublic i entertain+ent s ort fro+ >@BD to >@EE3 @?B re orts about Physical Education %rgani2ation chiefs have been gathered fro+ Ettelaat news a erI the sa+ ling is whole counting3 Content analysis coding sheet for the researcher +ade as a research toolI after confir+ing the validity and reliability were used3 6est findings revealed between Physical Education %rgani2ation chiefsJ view oints about the ublic i entertain+ent s ort is significantly different3 $i2e ex ressed views about the following s orts categories are +ore general3 Considering the role of ublic s ort in general fitness and the i+ ortance of health and vitality in co++unity see+ to be e+ hasis and attention to this field by the authoritiesJ tal,ing should be use3 9ey 6or+$3 )ontent Analysis# Physical Education Organization )hiefs# Pu lic J Entertain'ent Sport
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THE E**ECT O* *O7N1ATION CO7RSE ( ) ON PHYSICAL *ITNESS O* *E4ALE ST71ENTS .ate+eh !oha++adianI Leila $abaghian radI $ayed '+ir 'h+ad !o2afari
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of resent study was studying the effect of foundation course (>) on fe+ale students hysical fitness3 $o that EG daughter student of $aveh 0niversity who too, foundation (>) in the second ter+ of educational years EE-EF selected rando+ly as a sa+ le3 6he instru+ent for evaluation of Physical .itness was the (''8PE/&) test consists of C ite+s3 6he finding of this study does not indicated significant effect in the score of students hysical fitnesss3 6he results also indicated significant in ? ite+s include of agility and abdo+inalI +uscle endurance ( UG3GB)3 6he result of this study indicated that foundation course (>) had not +a=or influence effect to develo of daughter students fitness and s atial consideration in this oint see+ effective3 9ey 6or+$: Physical Acti&ity# Physical Fitness# %ni&ersity# "aughter Student
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SPORT AN1 VOL7NTEERIN< 1EVELOP4ENT Hahra 6asli+iI $ayed !oha++ad 8osein /a2avi $azandaran %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% ;hatever causes ro+inence a society against othersI only due nurtureI reservationI outs read and erfectible +an and available individuals in any society3 1olunteers constitute so+e of hu+an resourcesI that o erative in encouraging society goals and organi2ation3 In analysis of hu+an resourcesI consideration of s ort lanners to volunteers is increased daily3 1olunteers not only are the +ost i+ ortant and owerful hu+an resources to society but also can be base of success of +any tas,s3 6he +ain ai+ of this article is ex laining the necessity of e+ loying volunteers in s ort3 Considering sort of study that is reviewI researcher ex lain conseOuence of e+ loying volunteers and necessity of their resence3 9ey 6or+$3 Volunteer# Volunteeris'# Sport# "e&elop'ent
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SEC7RIN< SPORTS CO4PLEDES EF7IP4ENTS AN1 *ACILITIES .arough .athiI $ayed !oha++ad 8osein /a2avi $azandaran %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this research to consider the safety lacesI eOui +ents installations3 6he +anage+ent of safety in stadiu+s in that conce t of controlling and o ti+i2ation of all structural ele+entsI software and software John (national sensitiveJsI regional and cultures) until to decrease the ossibility of danger for wor,ersI ersonalsI s ectatorsI coaches and layers in the s ort laces3 'ccording to the researches that were done in the fields of the safety of s ort laces and eOui +entsI in Iran indicated those were evaluated low to +ediu+3 6his ty e of research is review ,inds that have aid by increasing the safety solution3 9ey 6or+$3 Safety# Sport Places# Sports Facilities# Sports EIuip'ents
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ROLE O* 4E<A SPORT EVENTS ON 2RAN1IN< 1ESTINATIONS 'bdul 8a+id Heitoonly>I 8asan 'sadi?I 8abib 8onari@I 'bolfa2l .arahani>I !oha++ad Pour /an=barA 0. Paya'e ,oor %ni&ersity 2. !ehran %ni&ersity >. Alla'eh !a ata ai %ni&ersity E. $edical Sceince %ni&ersity of <er'an
A#$%ra"% $ orting events to hel +a,e creating beautiful scenery and uniOue areas to touris+3 6he ur ose of this study was investigated the role of holding s orting events on destinations #randing with hosted of +ega s orts event (6raditional $ ort Ihors riding) on branding s orts touris+ destinations in *olestan rovince3 &ata fro+ a Ouestionnaire (CronbachVs al ha T F>R) and interviews were collected3 $tatistical o ulation of this study was ?>D atients (B@ ex ert (cultural heritageI hysical educationI agenciesI hotel owners)I DA tourists and FG s orts hysical education teachers)3 .or data analysis descri tive statistics and inferential (chi-sOuare test) were used3 .indings showed: DDR ercent of sub=ects +entioned that horse ridingI traditional s ort is +a=or attractive and ca able for $ ort 6ouris+ &evelo +ent in *olestan rovince3 'lso +entioned that were one of the +a=or reasons tourists visit the *olestan rovinceI were watching traditional horse riding event3 9ey 6or+$3 Sport !ouris' "estinations# Attraction# E&ent# "e&elop'ent# !raditional Sports# 8olestan
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F7ALITY O* AIR ENVIRON4ENT O* SPORTS 27IL1IN<S $aeid :ar !ohha+adi !onfared
A#$%ra"% In recent yearsI +ore s orts buildings are being built3 %wing to the lac, of relevant design codes or regulations for the s orts buildings +any roble+s have incurred after constructionI es ecially for indoor air environ+ent3 6hese environ+ental roble+s could otentially cause serious health issues or li+itations federations have guides in different degrees on indoor environ+entI in order to guarantee the athletes o ti+al environ+ental %n the other handI the velocities of air +ove+ent in co+ etition venue are usually affected by the airflow in the region of the auditoriaI where the air-conditioning +ust be in o eration to satisfy the ther+al co+fort of audience3 6he ara+eters deal with indoor air velocityI te+ eratureI hu+idity and fresh air volu+e3 6his code could be a guide to advice the designing of indoor air environ+ent of s orts building with technology develo ingI it is recogni2ed that good indoor environ+ent +eans +ulti ele+ents controlling instead of the single C%? only3 9ey 6orl+: Air En&iron'ent# Sports *uildings# Duality
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1ETER4INATION AN1 PRIORITY O* CRITERIONS O* SITE SELECTION *OR ESTA2LISH SPORT PLACE IN 7R2AN *OR EF7AL ACCESS 2Y AHP 9ari+ HohrevandianI 8asan 'sadiI .ershteh Ebrahi+iI '+in &ehghan *hahfero,hi !ehran %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6odayI the co+ lexity of urban issues has led +any variables are influential in site selection that +ust act considering to the i+ ortance and value of each criterion in each region3 $oI the ai+ of this study is &eter+ination and riority of criterions of site selection by '8P for establish s ort lace in urban for eOual access of all citi2ens3 /esearch +ethod is &escri tiveanalytical and a lied3 .or collection of data used of $earch and study in boo,s and various research and interviews with ex ertsI were obtained four i+ ortant criterions for to rovide of a +atrix air Ouestionnaire and Ouestionnaire gave to ex erts for aired co+ arison of criterions3 .or analy2ed of collected infor+ation and weights to each criterion used of '8P +odel in Ex ert choice and Excel software3 /esults: four i+ ortant criterion of site selection for s ort lace was deter+ined and was weightedI are: o ulation density (o/B>G)I access (o/?D?)I &evelo +ent otential (G/>B?) and 7eighborhood (G/GCD)3 'ccording to this sub=ect that unli,e of +ost executive agencies in +y countryI DG ercent of the s ort budget is allocated to develo +ent and construction of s orts laces ('sadiI >@EE)I 7ecessity and i+ ortance of invest+ent and increased roductivity in different di+ensions are +ore visible3 In /esultI s ort laces should be located in city thatI in addition to =ustice in the distributionI the user to achieve +axi+u+ roductivity and efficiency3 9ey 6or+$: Prioritization# )riterions# Site Selection# Access# Sport Place# AHP
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THE S7RVEY O* SPORT PLACES A AREAS SA*ETY A HY<IENIC CON1ITIONS IN OR74IYEH CITY SCHOOLS IN VIE:POINT O* PHYSICAL E17CATION 1IRECTORS A TEACHERS Es,andar 8ossein ourI !ir !oha++ad 9ashefI !ir 8asan $ayed '+eri %r'ia %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he resent study investigates the hygienic and safety conditions in s orting s aces of ur+ia fro+ the view oint of hysical trainers and hysical teachers3 this study is a descri tive study and was erfor+ed by Ouestionnaires 3the statistical o ulation was the hysical teacher and +anagers of s orting s ace of 0r+ia Ifro+ which >F? eo le were rando+ly selected to answer the Ouestions3 6he Ouestionnaire was standard3 6o chec, its validity we as,ed four rofessors of 0r+ia 0niversity to exa+ine which was confir+ed3 6he ,oronba,h al ha in the exa+ was G3EC3descri tive statistic ite+s li,e (freOuency tablesI central tendency) were used3 to correlate different variables deductive statistics(,h?( were used3 the analysis of the data revealed that the Ouality of the hygienic and safety conditions in s orting s aces of schools in 0r+ia is low3 9ey 6or+$A Safety# Hygienic# Sport Places 5 Areas# Oru'iyeh )ity School
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CO4PARISON O* C7STO4ER SATIS*ACTION :ITH F7ALITY O* SERVICE 4EN AN1 :O4EN, PRIVATE <Y4 CL72S CITY SHAHROO1 !o=taba /a=abiI .ar2ad *hafouriI $o+aye 'bbasi
A#$%ra"% 6his studyI co+ aring the Ouality of custo+er service satisfaction clubs city $hahrood had a rivate gy+3 Ex anding s orts and fitness centers in +any countries over the ast decadeI service roviders increasingly $ ort on Ouality service and efficient o erationI in order to e+ hasi2e rofitability drawn3%rgani2ations also i+ roved greatly on activities that increase custo+er satisfaction isI they invest3 $o +easuring service Ouality and custo+er satisfaction has beco+e i+ ortant in bodybuilding and +anagersI staff and coaches to hel resolve existing defects3 6he o ulation evaluated in this studyI gy+ and rivate club clients were city $hahrood 3 $tatistical sa+ le of @@G ersons were custo+ers who were rando+ly selected 3 In this studyI data collection tool was Ouestionnaire3 $tudy findings showed that between the +ean ran, in the o erating environ+ent and o erating eOui +ent and hysical access to the service +en and wo+en there is no significant difference3 %ther variables in the behavior of e+ loyeesI e+ loyee reliabilityI and training rogra+s between the average rice ran,ing +en and wo+en that there are significant differences3 6his +eans that wo+en of higher scores than +en have re orted3 9ey 6or+$3 Ser&ice Duality# )usto'er Satisfaction# Pri&ate 8y' )lu s
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CO4PARISON 9NO:LE1<E RATE O* RECO<NITION AN1 PREVENTION 4ANA<E4ENT A<AINST SPORT INJ7RY IN A4ATE7R AN1 PRO*ESSIONAL COLLE<IATE *E4ALE *OOT2ALL PLAYERS !ansoureh 9ari+iI !o=taba 9ashaniI 'li ChourliI 8a+id /e2a *he2elseflou Higher Education )o'ple- of 8on ad+e <a&ous
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of research isI co+ arison ,nowledge rate of recognition and revention +anage+ent against s ort in=ury in '+ateur and rofessional collegiate fe+ale football layers3 /esearch statistical sa+ le athletes in football co+ etition on E areal countries that a+ong F grou s: D grou s answered ,nowledge in=ury <uestionnaire 1ang (?GGC)3 /esults of investigation showed that with attention to 6-6est rate between grou sI there is not a significant different a+ong score +ean on two grou s3 'lso in survery of relation between bac,ground athletes with their ,nowledge score with regard to ( valueUG/GB) =ust in variable +anage+ent of athology basics there is significant relationI na+ely3 Increase ex erience lead to athology high score3 9ey 6or+$: <no(ledge of Pathology# $anage'ent# A'ateur and Professional Athletes
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F7ALITY O* RECREATIONAL SPORTS AN1 NEE1S O* :EST A?AR2AIJAN PROVINCE SPORT *ACILITY !ehrdad !oharra+2adehI /e2a 6alaie %r'ia %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% $tudy to assess the Ouality of recreational and s orting needs of laces in ;estern '2erbai=an rovince ays the study based on ti+eI resent orientedI and ractical ur ose of collecting data based on how descri tive and field studies of reading and 6heoretical Evaluation Ouality of recreational and s orting needs of laces in ;estern '2erbai=an rovince was conducted3 /esearch data showed3 %verall safety of the s ectators standingI overall health status related to safetyI overall safety and overall safety of s orts eOui +ent constructionI the ;est '2erbai=an rovince below the average level of the country3 (In all the tests to be significant differences between yes and no Ouestions using the Chi sOuare test with UG3G> is ex ressed3) 'ccording to research results and findings can be concluded that the safety ti s in +a,ing laces +ore attention to s orts3 9ey 6or+$3 Places Sport# 4est Azar ai=an Pro&ince# )hec3list
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A S7RVEY ON THE RELATIONSHIP 2ET:EEN OR<ANI?ATIONAL HEALTH AN1 STRESS O* THE PHYSICAL E17CATION TEACHERS IN ?ANJAN PROVINCE $aeid :ar !oha++adi !onfared
A#$%ra"% 6his study ai+s at finding the relationshi between organi2ational health and teacher stress in the state high schools in Han=an3 6he +ain Ouestion of the research was to exa+ine whether there was a relationshi between organi2ational health and teacher stress in these schools3 6he +ethod of research is descri tive correlation3 ?>B teachers were rando+ly selected fro+ AEC teachers and were as,ed to co+ lete the %rgani2ational 8ealth Inventory (%8I) and the Job $tress Ouestionnaire3 &escri tive statistics (freOuencyI ercentage 5 +ean) and statistical tests (Pearson correlationI regression 5 one-way '7%1') were used to analy2e the data3 6he results revealed that there is a negative and significant correlation (rT-3?B>I T3GB) between the variables3 'lsoI a ste wise regression was used to redict =ob stress of the teachers fro+ organi2ational health3 It was found that fro+ organi2ational health co+ onentsI considerationI and institutional integrity as redictor variablesI can enter the final regression eOuation for ex laining =ob stress of the teachers of the state high schools in Han=an and it was found that the consideration co+ onent is a better ex lainer than the structural integrity co+ onent3 'lso using another one-way '7%1' indicated that there is no significant difference between organi2ational health and education level and between =ob stress of the teachers and education level3 9ey 6or+$: Organizational health# Stress# physical education teachers
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THE EDA4INATION O* ACF7AINTANCE AN1 I4PORTANCE LEVEL O* CO4P7TER S9ILLS IN IRAN SPORT OR<ANI?ATIONS $ardar !oha++adiI 7arges Es+aeiliI *olaleh 'bouba,ri <ordestan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% .or the ur ose of exa+ination of acOuaintance and i+ ortance level of co+ uter s,ills in Iran s ort organi2ationsI >@D +anagers were selected as the sa+ le and res onded to the researcher-+ade Ouestionnaires with the face and content validity( anel of ex ert)Iconstruct validity(ex loratory and Confir+atory factor analysis)and the reliability('l ha Cronbax)3 .or statically analysisI descri tive and inferential statistics ('7%1'I !'7%1') were used3 6he findings showed that there was a significant difference between acOuaintance and i+ ortance level of co+ uter s,ills in PE organi2ationI s ort federations and the utty of education and hysical education3 6he results of (!'7%1') showed significant differences a+ong +icro scale i+ ortance level of co+ uter s,ills for tas,s and ro=ects in s ort +anage+ent3 It can be said that because of diversity of s ort sector o erationsI activity varietyI fast data changesI it is necessary for +anagers to get acOuainted with and use co+ uter s,illsI in order that organi2ation rocesses be done fasterI +ore recise and less ex ensively3 9ey 6or+$: )o'puter S3ills# Sport Organizations
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INVESTI<ATION O* RELATIONSHIP 2ET:EEN 1ONE 2RAN1 PLANNIN< AN1 2RAN1 LOYALTY IN PHYSICAL E17CATION AN1 AERO2IC CL72S !oha++ad 8osein 'nsariI 8abib 8onariI !ah+oud Jafar our Allae'h !a ata i %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he goal of current survey is to Investigation of relationshi between done brand lanning and brand loyalty in hysical education and aerobic clubs3 6he statistical set includes hysical and aerobic clubs in 6ehran and @EA eo le was chosen as sa+ le using cluster sa+ ling3 6he data were collected using OuestionnaireI validity of which was evident by ex erts3 6he Ouestionnaire constancy was assu+ed G3ED using 9ronbach 'l ha coefficient3 6he results indicate a significant relationshi between done brand lanning and brand loyalty3 !en and wo+en have si+ilar idea aboat relationshi between brand lanning and brand loyalty and gender and education have not i+ act on it3 9ey6or+$3 .oyalty# Physical Education and Aero ic )lu s
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THE CO4PARISON O* THE <ENERAL HEALTH O* THE ACTIVE AN1 INACT. IVE 4ALE ST71ENTS IN SECON1ARY SCHOOLS O* 7R4IA CITY !ir !oha++ad 9ashefI Es,andar 8ossein PourI !ah+ood 'ghayiI 7arges 9halili %r'ia %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% Physical Education and s ort is in general a social heno+enon which can strengthen the relationshi of eo le and the society when i+ roved3 7owI there is a co++on increasing ,nowledge which says that s ort is very beneficial in hysical health of eo le and is effective on the +ortal health and ersonality of the erson3 6here is a lot of e+ hasis in hysical and +ortal health in Isla+ic indoctorine3 *oal: Is to co+ are the general health of the active and inactive +ale students in secondary schools of 0r+ia City !ethodology: 6he statistical society of this research includes all +ale students in secondary schools of 0r+ia CityI of which C schools are cluster rando+ly selected and @DG students are chosen si+ ly rando+ly of the+ (>F? inactive and >DE active)3 ' Ouestionnaire of ?E Ouestion$ general healthI*8< (*oldburg and 8illerI6aghavi-?GG>) was used3 6o co+ are the +ental health of the active and inactive eo le and the sub scales of the+I the 0 !ann-;hitney test is used in a +eaningful level of U G3GB3 .indings: 6he results of the 0 !ann-;hitney test showed that the ublic health and the sub scales of it (the hysical signsI stressI the disorders of social o erations and de ression) a+ong the inactive and active students hold +eaningful differences3 Conclusion: as the students are the co+ing generation of the country and the future of the country are dee ly connected to theI the ublic health and also the +ental health of the+ in +any asects of s orting or hysical activities could guaranty the advance of the+ in +any fields3 In factI to create s ort rogra+s and to create ro er ground of hardware ofJ itI and also to encourage the students to go on s ortive activitiesI the s ort teachers who ta,e res onsibilities and are the +aster of it could hel the students in +any as ects of +orality and assion3 9ey 6or+$: !he pu lic health# the secondary school 'ale students# 'otional acti&e and inacti&e
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PRIORITY AN1 INVESTI<ATION O* PRO4OTION 4ID TOOLS *OR PRO17CTION SECTOR O* THE SPORT IN17STRY 7SIN< AI1A AN1 2ASE1 ON AHP 7arges Esa+eiliI $ardar !oha++adi>I Hahra '+ini /oshan? 0. <ordestan %ni&ersity 2. <er'an %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% .or the ur ose of selection of the a ro riate ro+otion +ix for roduction sector of the s ort industryI @G +ar,eting +anagers of co+ anies roducing s ort roductionsI res onded to the researcher-designed Ouestionnaire about ro+otion +ix 5 'I&' +odel3 validity (face 5 content) has been roved by ex erts and its reliability as due to the inconsistency ratio of Ouestionnaires which is less than (G3>) can be roved3 .or data analysis '8P +ethod and Ex ert Choice >> software were used3 6he results showed in the second level of the hierarchyI attention in ('I&') whit the weight of (G/A@D)I in the third levelI advertise+ent (G3@F>)I in the fourth levelI 61 a+ong >D tools (G/>D@) had the +ost riority3 ConseOuently regarding the intense co+ etition a+ong co+ anies and fast growth of +ar,ets and also fast changing in consu+erJs behaviorI a ro riate ro+otion +ix and riority +a,ing of it tools hel to ro+oted goals of co+ anies wor,ing in this field3 9ey 6or+$: Prioritization# AI"A# AHP
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INVESTI<ATIN< THE RELATIONSHIP 2ET:EEN OR<ANI?ATIONAL INTELLI<ENCE AN1 CREATIVITY IN PHYSICAL E17CATION AN1 NON PHYSICAL E17CATION TEACHERS IN CITY O* 9ER4ANSHAH $oheil 8eidar anahiI 8asan .ahi+I $afoura JourabchiI !oha++ad 'li $aneI $aba 8eydar anahi
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this research was to study the relationshi of organi2ational intelligence with creativity level in hysical education and non hysical education teachers in hysical education de art+ent of 9er+anshah3 $tatistical sa+ le was ??B teachers who were selected rando+ly fro+ ??GG eo le3 &ata was collected by using 'lbrechtVs %I and randcee Vs creativity Ouestionnaires3 6he validity of the Ouestionnaire was chec,ed and confir+ed by university ex ert anel and cronbachJs al ha coefficient was used to test reliability of the Ouestionnaires (aT G3E>I %I and aT G3EB creativity)3 /esults showed significant correlation between organi2ation intelligence and its di+ensions: $trategic vision (rTG/?F@)I shared fate (rTG/??@)I ' etite for change (rTG/?FD)I heart(rTG/?ED)I 'lign+ent 5 congruence(rTG/@?C)I 9nowledge de loy+ent (rTG/@E@)I Perfor+ance ressure(rTG/@@CF) with creativityI ( UG/GB)3 9ey 6or+$: Organizational Intelligence# )reati&ity# !eachers# <er'anshah
Page 292
PRIORITI?IN< O* E**ECTIVE *ACTORS IN SERVICE F7ALITY O* AERO2IC CL72S IN 9ARAJ /asoul HabetianI $ayed 7asrollah $a==adiI 'li #enesbordiI 'h+ad !ah+oudi
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this research was rioriti2ing of effective factors in service Ouality of aerobic clubs in 9ara=3 7owadays service Ouality is one of successful factor in service organi2ations3 Custo+ersJ satisfaction fro+ services causes to +aintaining of custo+ers that leads to success of organi2ation3 !ethod of the research is descri tive and solidarity ,ind3 6he statistical o ulation was the +e+bers of aerobic clubs3 >? clubs were selected in a rando+ cluster way and totally >A> Ouestionnaire were collected3 In the research standard Liu Ouestionnaire was used that has been translated and its validity was subscribed by s ecialist teachers3 /eliability of Ouestionnaire also was calculated by CronbachJs al ha coefficient (cT G/ED)3 .actor analysis with 1ari+ax rotation was used for analysis of data3 6he result showed e+ athy with load factor of G/ECI reliability with load factor of G/EBI assurance with load factor of G/EGI res onsiveness with load factor of G/DE and tangibles with load factor of G/D@ were seOuentially the +ost i+ ortant factors in service Ouality of aerobic clubs in 9ara=3 9ey 6or+$: Prioritization# Ser&ice Duality# Aeri ic# <ara=
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E17CATION O* COACHES :ITH THE STRATE<IC APPROACH3 CASE ST71Y O* NE: SYSTE4 IN CANA1A #atoul 'rab 7ar+iI 8esa+ /a+e2an 2adeh
A#$%ra"% Education syste+ for coach de ends a lot on cultureI oliticI and traditions of a nationI hence no single syste+ can be suitable to be followed by others3 :et there are co++on rinci les in which it worth it to exa+ine syste+s thoroughly3 It is needed to have a syste+atic lan to reach to the full ca acity in s ort of each country3 6he recent evolution in Canadian coach syste+ is based on +erited and needs of artici ants3 8aving a national education coach lanI Canada is recogni2ed in the worldI and the lan is designed by ex erts in the field3 7CCP is ,nown as a national standard to education and certification for the coaches of country3 Considering the i+ ortance of coachJs education and lac, of researches in the fieldI the researchers are trying to study docu+ents and resources of +odern coach education syste+ of CanadaI evaluation +ethodI +erit needed in different levelsI and rocedure of certificates eOuali2ation3 $tudy of the successful syste+s can be as an introduction for change situation of training coaches of the country for ada ts +ore and +ore with international standards in all s ort fields li,e fitness and aerobics in all levels of training and hel s to bench+ar, this syste+ with our country s ort needs and ractical action can be done3 9ey 6or+$3 Strategic# )oaching# Education
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ROLE O* SPORT IN17STRY IN 7NIVERSITY <RA17ATES E4PLOY4ENT .aryba !oha++ad>I 'h+ad !otab? %ni&ersity of !a riz A#$%ra"% 6odayI une+ loy+ent is considered as a sign of undevelo +ent of world countries3 In the +a=ority of countriesI real une+ loy+ent in urban areas is about >B-?BR of e+ loy+ents (>)3 %ne of the +ost i+ ortant econo+ic effects of s orts industries is creating e+ loy+ent o ortunities3 $ orts industry +ade =ob o ortunity for CG to EG +illion e+ loyees around the world3 '+erican $ orts e+ loyees include of A3B +illion and for the >B +e+bers of Euro ean 0nion is about >3B to ? +illion that have been announced (D)3 In IranI unfortunatelyI there is no co+ rehensive infor+ation about the Ouantity of e+ loyees in s orts artI but according to $e+inar on E+ loy+ent and Entre reneurshi (>@E?)I ?BGGG e+ loyees has been esti+ated that is around R>3GD of the countryJs e+ loyers3 8oweverI in 8ong 9ong is ?3BI Canada and England ?I 'ustralia and $cotland R>3F and 7ew Healand R>3@ of the e+ loyers in these countries is e+ loyed $ orts3 9ey 6or+$: Sport Industry# E'ploy'ent# %ni&ersity 8raduates
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THE ROLE O* A1VERTISIN< :ITH CELE2RITIES ON SPORTS *OOT:EAR P7RCHASE /ouhollah .athianI .ariba 's,arian>I $ara 9ashgar? 0. !a riz %ni&ersity 2. Alla'e !a ata ai %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 'dvertising has always had an i+ ortant role in roduction and consu+ tion rocess of various roducts and celebrities in this regardI have an i+ ortant role in ta,ing attention and attracting +ore eo le to s ort and to urchase s orts goods3 6his /esearch $tudies the effects of advertise+ent by s orts celebrities on the a+ount of buying s orts footwear3 /esearch +ethods: ' researcher +ade Ouestionnaire was used3 Its validity was confir+ed by +ar,eting and +anage+ent ex ertsI and its reliability using Cronba,hVs al ha (Tc G/F@)3 6he study o ulation includes the >Ea year old eo le in 6abri2 fro+ which CGG were selected as the study sa+ le using Cochran for+ula3 .or data analysisI descri tive statistics was used to investigate the indicators of central tendency and ty e of o ulation distribution and inferential statistical +ethods (9al+ogorov- $+iranov 6estI Pearson and deter+ining factor in the level of Tc G/G> was used 6he results showed that the relationshi between the use of s orts celebrities and custo+ers tendency to buy s orts footwear is significant(rTG/DB 5 U G/GG>) Considering the coefficient of deter+ination (r?) I it can be concluded that the characteristics of s orts footwear advertisers has the effect of around BC ercent on tendency to buy3 9ey 6or+$: )ele rities# Ad&ertising# Sports Shoes
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ENTREPRENE7RIAL CHARACTERISTICS O* THE 4ALE 4ANA<ERS O* FA?VINJS PRIVATE SPORT CL72S 'bolfa2l '2i2iI 8abib honariI .ar2ad *hafouriI .arsha, 9alhor
A#$%ra"% 6he research +ethod used in this study was descri tive and was conducted in the for+ a field survey3 6he surveyed o ulation included all the s ort club +anagers in <a2vin ProvinceI >EB s orts club3 6his infor+ation was obtained fro+ the statistics rovided by the Physical Education 'd+inistration of state in >@EF3 'ccording to the table the !organ sa+ le included >?G of the s ort club +anagers3 6o +easure the entre reneurial characteristicsI a standard Ouestionnaire was used which was obtained through a reli+inary study of reliability of the Ouestionnaire and had a CronbachJs al ha coefficient of G3EFB3 the data was analy2ed using the descri tive and inferential statistic charts and the $ ss->C statistical software3 conclusion:the scores showed that the entre reneurshi scores of the +anagers was higher than the average scoreI and the difference obtained based on the correlation test (PTG3GGG) is significantI but the average ris, ta,ing score of the +anagers considering the significance level test which is less than G3GB3 9ey 6or+$: Entrepreneurial characteristics# $anagers# Daz&in
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A S7RVEY O* C7STO4ERSI SATIS*ACTION *RO4 AERO2IC AN1 2O1Y27IL1IN< CL72S O* :O4EN IN 9ER4ANSHAH /asool 7oroo2i>I $hirin Hadoshtian?I 8asan .athi@ 0. !ar iat $odares %ni&ersity 2. Razi %ni&ersity of <er'anshah >. 8uilan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to deter+ine custo+ersV satisfaction of aerobic and bodybuilding clubs of wo+en in 9er+anshah with descri tive +ethod3 'll the custo+ersV of aerobic and bodybuilding clubs of wo+en in 9er+anshah for+ the statistical o ulation of this study3 In this studyI sa+ le of ?BG individuals is considered3 6he research tool is a researcher-+ade Ouestionnaire that its validity and reliability was confir+ed3 &escri tive +ethods are used to analy2e the data and in order to deter+ine the relationshi s a +ulti le variable regression and set riorities .ried+an test are utili2ed3 &ata analysis results show that only education had a significant relationshi with custo+erJs satisfaction a+ong the other de+ogra hic characteristics3 'lso custo+ersV satisfaction Priorities include: satisfaction fro+ the coaches and club ersonnelI satisfaction fro+ social relationsI satisfaction fro+ the clubVs eOui +ent and hysical environ+ent and the satisfaction fro+ the cultural services and facilities of clubs res ectively3 9ey 6or+$3 )usto'ersG Satisfaction# )lu # Aero ic and *ody uilding# <er'anshah# 4o'en
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THE RELATIONSHIP 2ET:EEN PERCEIVE1 LEA1ERSHIP 2EHAVIORS O* COACHES AN1 ATHLETEIS SATIS*ACTION /asool 7oroo2i>I $hirin Hadoshtian?I 8asan .athi@ 0. !ar iat $odares %ni&ersity 2. Razi %ni&ersity of <er'anshah >. 8uilan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study is to understand the relationshi between erceived leadershi behaviors of coaches and athleteVs satisfaction3 6he statistical o ulation of this study co+ rised the entire ;o+enVs #as,etball League layers3 6he co++unity and the sa+ le o ulation were the sa+e3 In order to collect infor+ation via de+ogra hic OuestionnairesI Leadershi $cale for $ ort (L$$) and 'thleteVs $atisfaction <uestionnaire ('$<) were used3 &escri tive +ethods were used to analy2e the data and in order to deter+ine the relationshi a +ulti le variable regression was used3 &ata analysis results showed that there is a significant relationshi between the leadershi behaviors of coaches and the layerVs satisfaction3 'lsoI the findings showed that there is a significant ositive relationshi between leadershi behaviors of ositive feedbac,I training and instruction on the one handI and the athleteVs satisfactionI on the other3 #utI there was no correlation between the behaviors of social su ortI de+ocratic and authoritarian ty es of leadershi on the one hand and the satisfaction of the layersI on the other3 9ey 6or+$: .eadership *eha&iors of )oaches# AthleteGs Satisfaction# *as3et all
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THE E**ECT O* TRA1ITIONAL <A4ES IN PHYSICAL *ITNESS IN 4ALE ST71ENTS
9eyvan !olla 7oroo2i>I 8abib 8onari ? 0. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity Isla'Shahr *ranch 2. Alla'e !a ata aei %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6raditional ga+es for co+ liance with local and national interestsI taste and art and o ular culture eventually acce ted by society can well be individuals3 6his ga+e features si+ le and can be found in society and regardless of any restrictions and the easiest way throughI a wide class of students at different ages will cover3 8ence the ur ose of this study is to deter+ine the i+ act on artici ation in these ga+es causes hysical fitness +ale students were3 .or this ur ose a rando+ sa+ lingI CG students co+ osed boys (age >C / > S D / ?@ years and weight CB / C S D / DA ,g ) +ale students fro+ Isla+ic '2ad 0niversity Isla+shahr #ranch that 6hroughout the year have not had regular hysical activity were selected and rando+ly divided into two grou s (nT@G)3 Cardiovascular enduranceI abdo+inal +uscular enduranceI flexibility and agility of sub=ects before and after the exercise rotocol (local indigenous ga+es) were evaluated3 Exercise rotocol was >? wee,s and two sessions er wee, was (> hour)3 ' aired and un aired t-test was used for data analy2ing and significant level was considered at PU G/GB3 /esearch findings showed that artici ation in traditional ga+es to increase significantly in flexibility ( TG/GG@) and +uscular endurance ( TG/GA@) and agility ( TG/G@E/G) #ut in cardiovascular endurance ( TG/G>?) the difference was not significant3 Considering the results see+ to be Oualitative and Ouantitative develo +ent of traditional ga+es that our country as a suitable tool to gain hysical fitness with social and cultural roots can be used3 9ey 6or+$: !raditional 8a'es# Physical Fitness# )ardio&ascular Endurance# $uscle Endurance# Fle-i ility and Agility
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PSYCHO.SOCIAL 4ECHANIS4 O* :O4EN RE<7LAR PARTICIPATION IN PHYSICAL *ITNESS PRO<RA4S
/e2a $ha=ie>I 8ashe+ 9oo2echian>I !o=taba '+iri?I #eheshte Eghbali? 0. !ar iat $odares %ni&ersity 2. !ehran %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of current descri tive study was to deter+ination sycho-social +echanis+ of wo+en regular artici ation in hysical fitness rogra+s with e+ hasis on Perfectionis+ and $ocial hysiOue anxiety variables3 .or this ur oseI .rost +ultidi+ensional erfectionis+ scale (>FFG)I the $P' Ouestionnaire of 8art et al3 (>FEF) and the stages of E#C scale of Cardinal (>FFD) were e+ loyed and ad+inistered to ??F wo+en who artici ated in !ashhad hysical fitness centers and had regular hysical activity for +ore @G days3 6he data were analy2ed by e+ loying Pearson correlation coefficientI 9ol+ogrov-$+irnovI !ann-;hitney 0 and inde endent t tests3 /esults showed that $P' and erfectionis+ +ean score of sub=ects were @>3EDSE3G? and >>>3BGS>?3F> res ectively3 6here was a significant difference between sub=ectsJ erfectionis+ (tT->3DBAI PTG3GG?)I arental criticis+ (2T-?3BC@I PTG3G>G) and organi2ation (tT>3ABFI PTG3G?B) subscales with se arate of action and +aintenance stages of exercise behavior3 %n the basis of resultsI it see+s that having regular hysical activity related with the +ediu+ level of erfectionis+ and social hysiOue anxiety3 9ey 6or+$3 Perfectionis'# Social PhysiIue An-iety# 4o'en# Regular Physical Acti&ity
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Motor eha!ior
Oral Presentation
Page 302
ASSOCIATION 2ET:EEN 4ENTAL HEALTH A HEALTH RELATE1 PHYSICAL *ITNESS CO4PONENTS O* <7ILAN 7NIVERSITY PERSONNEL !o=taba !oha++ad Hadeh Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity# .ahi=an *ranch A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of the resent study was to rovide a health rofile of *uilan 0niversity ersonnel and the association between 8/P.CVs and +ental health3 !ethods: >>G staff was as,ed about their ageI educationI hysical and sychological health3 !easure+ents were +ade of blood ressureI heightI weightI waist to hi ratio 5 body +ass index (#!I) were calculated 5 their aerobic fitness assessed by <ueenVs ste test (recovery heart rate)I 8andgri strength 5 body fat ercent (&ornin 5 ;o+ersley .or+ula) were deter+ined3 Psychological well-being was evaluated the *eneral 8ealth <uestionnaire (*8<-?E)3 /esults: !ost of sub=ects re orted nor+al +ental health (RDD/@) but few of those a eared to have +ental disorders3 'erobic fitness testing showed oor values a+ong sub=ects (RD>/?)I li,ewise body fat ercent was high (RB?/D)I there were high ris, in #!I (RB?/D)I ;8/ (RA?/E) values of sub=ectsI but their handgri strength was fair (RBG)I 5 only few sub=ects trend toward an increase in hy ertension (R>E/>)3 &iscussion: 7o significant relationshi s were seen between general +ental health and handgri strengthI blood ressureI age and education3 #ut there were found significant relation between sub=ectsV +ental health and their aerobic fitnessI body fat ercentI #!I and either with ;8/ (PZ G/GB)3 Conclusion: It a ears that for healthy individuals the rinci al sychological benefit of exercise 5 fitness +ay be that of reventionI whereas in those suffering fro+ +ild to +oderate +ental disordersI exercise +ay function as a +ean of treat+ent3 8enceI need to furtherI effective 5 large o ulation-based research efforts to show the otential for these interaction i+ acts3 It is suggested that future research +ight usefully ex lore the articular contribution of different as ects of the training situation to these effects3 9ey 6or+$3 Physical Fitness# $ental Health# 8uilan
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THE RELATIONSHIP 2ET:EEN TYPE O* 4ENTAL I4A<ERY, TEA4 E**ECTIVENESS AN1 PER*OR4ANCE IN A4ATE7R AN1 PRO*ESSIONAL VOLLEY2ALL PLAYER ST71ENTS 7oushin Esfahani>I 8a+id /e2a *he2elseflou 0. Alzahra %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of resent research is focused on investigating the relationshi between the ty e of conce tual i+agery to tea+ efficiency and the erfor+ance of a+ateur and rofessional volleyball layers3 $tatistical co++unity of this research consisted of the layers of E tea+s artici ating in volleyball su er league in season co+ etitions in ?GGE M ?GGF3 FB layers who had official contract with su er league clubs were chosen as rofessional grou and ED volleyball layers who were also students of university and had no official contract with any club and have artici ated in region >G volleyball co+ etitions of '2ad 0niversity in $e+nan (n T >GF) were ut in a+ateur grou 3 6he instru+ents a lied in resent research consisted of s ort i+agery Ouestionnaire ($I<) that evaluate B +icro scales (s ecial i+ageryI general i+ageryI s ecial +otivational i+ageryI s,illed i+agery and arousal i+agery)I .lets collective efficacy inventory (CEI) and Lane Ouestionnaire (?GG>)3 'fter collecting data and a lying Cal+ogra h $+irnoff testI the assu+ tion that the data are unnatural was re=ectedI so we used . testI Pierson correlation coefficient and +ulti le regression for deter+ination of redictive +icro scale that have effects on efficacy (P U G3GB)3 6he results showed that both rofessional athletics grou s (+ T C3BE) and a+ateur ones (+ T C3>@) used s,illed i+agery (!* M !) +ore than other ones3 'lsoI a +eaningful difference was observed in grou efficacy between a+ateur and rofessional volleyball layers (P U G3GG> and . T ?>3AB)3 9ey 6or+$: )onceptual I'agery# !ea' Efficacy# Perfor'ance
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E**ECT O* PARTICIPATION IN AERO2IC TRAININ< ON PSYCHOLO<ICAL :ELL.2EIN< O* NON.ATHLETIC ST71ENT 2OYS #eh2ad #eh2adniaI !oha++ad 9eshtidar %ni&ersity of *ir=and
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to identify the effect of aerobic training on sychological wellbeing of non-athletic student boys3 In this studyI AG non-athlete students (?>3CS>3E? years old) in #ir=and 0niversity were rando+ly selected3 'll of the sub=ects were enrolled in the second se+ester in hysical Education (>) course3 .urther+oreI they divided into two grou s as control and ex eri+ental grou s3 6he /yffVs $cales of Psychological ;ell-being (>FEF) were used to analy2e the sychological well-being ara+eters in the re-test and ost-test of training3 6he training rotocol was including >? wee,sI and @seaso ns (CG +inutes) er wee, that each sub=ect in ex eri+ental grou received >B +inutes war+-u I @G +inute aerobic training and >B +inutes cool-down and relaxation training3 %n the other handI there was no organi2ed training for control grou 3 ' series of statistical rocedures including /e eated !easure 'nalysis of 1arianceI Inde endent-$a+ les 6-6est were run for the ur ose of analy2ing the data3 6he results indicated significant differences in sychological well-being and its subdivisions in the @ hases of tests in the ex eri+ental grou 3 !oreoverI the results also showed the ositive influence of >? wee,s aerobic training on sychological well-being of the student boys3 9ey 6or+$3 Positive Psychology# Aero ic !raining# Psychological 4ell+ eing# Student
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THE E**ECT O* 0. :EE9SJ AERO2IC EDERCISE ON *EELIN< O* LONELINESS AN1 SOCIAL. PHYSIF7E ANDIETY A4ON< A1OLESCENTS *E4ALE $o+aye $eifiI Hohreh 8asaniI #ahra+ :ousefi Razi %ni&ersity of <er'anshah
A#$%ra"% 6he current research investigated the effect of >G-wee,s aerobic exercise on the feeling of loneliness and $ocial PhysiOue 'nxiety ($P') in CG adolescence girls (@Gcontrol/@Gex re+ental) aged (>B3?@S3D@)3 /e eated +easures '7%1' was conducted to assess the effect of exercise intervention on these variables3 6he 0CL' loneliness Ouestionnaire and seven ite+s social hysiOue anxiety scale (D-$P'$) were ad+inistered as re-I +id- and ost-test to each sub=ect in both grou s before the first interventionI at the end of B wee,s and after >G wee,s3 6he results of this study revealed that artici ation in >G wee,s aerobic training rogra+ can significantly reduce feeling of loneliness and $P'3 Conclusively engaging aerobic exercise for alleviation feeling of loneliness and reduce $P' a+ong adolescents fe+ale could be reco++ended3 9ey 6or+$3 .oneliness# Social PhysiIue An-iety# Aero ic !raining
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THE E**ECT O* AF7ATIC TRAININ<, 4ENTAL TRAININ< AN1 CONC7RRENT TRAININ< (AF7ATIC AN1 4ENTAL TRAININ<) ON 2ALANCE IN EL1ERLY 4ALES $a==ad 8oseiniI 8osein /osta+,haniI 8a+dollah 8adi Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity# !a riz *ranch
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study was survey the effect of aOuatic trainingI +ental training and concurrent training (aOuatic and +ental training) on balance in elderly +ales3 .or this ur oseI >?G elderly +en (age CB/GD S >A/>A :rI weight D>/EC S @/@> 9gI height >D@/? S @/BD C+) were selected and then classified in A grou s rando+ly: balance aOuatic training (nT@G)I +ental training (nT@G)I concurrent (aOuatic and +ental training) (nT@G) and a control grou (nT@G)3 .or esti+ate sub=ectsV balanceI :-6est was used in three directions3 's regards grou of balance aOuatic trainingI aOuatic training were done to increase the sub=ectsV balance for six wee,sI three sessions er wee,I and one hour er session according to ervious conducted studies3 's regards grou of +ental trainingI this grou did training for six wee,sI three sessions er wee,I >B +inutes er session3 .or grou of concurrent balance aOuatic training and +ental trainingI sub=ects did a co+bination of training of revious two grou s for six wee,s and three sessions er wee, and >3B hours er session3 'lso ability inOuiry of Isaac 5 !ar, i+agination (>FEC)I which +easured sub=ectsV inside and outside +ental i+aginationI was used in order to evaluate the ability of +ental i+agination3 &escri tive statistics was used to describe the sub=ectsV ersonal characteristicI and for deter+ining the significant difference between the effects of three different exercise +ethodsI '7%1' statistical test and 6o,i ost hoc test ( ZG/GB) were a lied3 $ignificant difference is observed in reaching distance of ex eri+ental grou s after a lying exercise rogra+s3 In co+ arison of grou s with each other based on the a+ounts of rangeI there was difference between reaching distance before and after a lying training which resented exact si2e of the effects of training on balanceI it is observed that in every three direction of :-test the +ost increase in reaching distance after a lying exercise rogra+s belongs to grou of concurrent training3 /esults of this study is in agree+ent with revious findings indicate a significant effect of exercise training courses on i+ roving the balance3 Potential reasons of increasing balance due to training include the increase in strength of sub=ectsV lower li+bs after artici ating in exercise rogra+sI facilitation in the wor, of greatI Ouic,- contraction +ove+ent organsI increase in confor+ity of +usclesI a lying ressure on neuro+uscular syste+s and the rocess of re+oving disinheriting3 'ccording the results of this study it suggested that in designing fitness rogra+s for seniorsJ s ecial attention been aOuatic and +ental training3 9ey 6or+$3 *alance# AIuatic !raining# $ental !raining# Elderly $ales
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SO7RCES O* SPORT CON*I1ENCE IN *E4ALE ST71ENTS PARTICIPATIN< IN *ITNESS AN1 AERO2ICS CO4PETITIONS CO7NTRY CHA4PIONSHIPS 8asan $anian>I Jafar 'bdolali2adeh>I Jafar !oha++adi>I 'li ',bar 'bdolali2adeh? 0. Ferdo(si %ni&ersity of $ashhad 2. I'a' Reza International %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he Pur ose of this research was to deter+ine $ources of s ort confidence in fe+ale students artici ating in fitness and aerobics co+ etitions country cha+ ionshi s3 6he $ources of $ ortConfidence <uestionnaire ($$C<)I 1ealey et al3 (>FFE) was given to >GE fe+ale students artici ating in fitness and aerobics co+ etitions Country Cha+ ionshi s ?G>G3 1alidity and /eliability this Ouestionnaire have been already confir+ed by &olatabadi et al (?GGD)3 In the resent study the internal consistency by CronbachVs al ha +ethod was confir+ed (cTE>)3 &escri tive statistics to deter+ine indicators of central tendency and dis ersion were used3 &ata was analy2ed by 9olo+ogrov-$+irnovI leveneVs test and one-way anova3 6he results showed that hysical/+ental re arationI Physical $elf-Presentation and $ocial $u ort are +ost i+ ortant sources of s ort confidence (PTG/GGGI .T@D/?DG)3 *enerallyI these research results su orted the +ultidi+ensional $ ort-Confidence !odel by 1ealey 5 Chase (?GGE)3 9ey 6or+$3 Sources of Sport )onfidence# Fe'ale students# fitness and aero ics co'petitions
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TO INVESTI<ATE ACTH AN1 CORTICAL AN1 ANDIETY 17RIN< ANAERO2IC EDERCISE TRAININ< AN1 HEARIN< TO THE HOLLY F7RAN IN ATHLETE :O4EN !ar2ieh 'gha+oha++adi>I Parvaneh 7a2arali>I 8asan 'shayeri?I Parichehr 8anachi> 0. Alzahra %ni&ersity 2. Iran $edical Sceinces %ni&ersity :!ehran;
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study was to investigate cortical and 'C68 and hysiologic during anaerobic exercise training and hearing to the 8olly <uran in athlete wo+en3 6wenty four volunteers students divided to two grou s (nT>?) one who listens to the voice of 6he 8olley <uran (trained) and the next without any voice (control) (age ?>3CCS?3> yrI height >C@3EDSF3E c+I weight BD3GESB3@? ,g) in this study3 6hey run on tread +ill while wearing a head set3 6he blood sa+ les for analy2e 'C68 and cortisol were collected B +in before and after training3 6he rating3 'nxiety rates were calculated based on #eac, 'nxiety Inventory (#'I) before and after the test36he results shows 'C68 level in control and ex eri+ental grou s was ?@/E>CSB3GA g/+lit and ?F/?BGSC3G> g/+ilt res ectively3 8owever after the testI the rate was changed significantly ( UG3GB ) in control and test grou s to ?A/FCCSA3> and ?G/@?BS@3? g/+lit res ectively 3 6he cortisol concentration in control and ex eri+ental grou s before the test was >B/BE@SA3G@ and >A/D>CS@3E n+ol res ectively3 6he cortisol reduced in control and test grou s to D/@GES@3G? n+ol and >@/AE@S?3GA n+ol res ectively however it was not significant ( UG3GB )3 6he anxiety rates were changed in ex eri+ental and control grou to ?/@@@ and A/>CD res ectively3 In conclusion +ay the voice of the 8olly <uran can reduce 'C68 and cortisol caused by anxiety and robably the har+ful effects of anxiety3 9ey 6or+$: An-iety# )ortisol# A)!H# Rating of Percei&ed
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THE CO4PARISON O* THE 2O1Y I4A<E 2ET:EEN YO7N< 4EN AN1 :O4EN AN1 4I11LE A<E PARTICIPANTS IN AERO2ICS SPORTS Jafar 7oori #iglouei>I 8asan 9iaei>I !aasou+eh $ho=aei? 0. !ar iat $oale' %ni&ersity 2. Alzahra %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this research had been the co+ arison of the body i+age between young +en and wo+en and +iddle age artici ants in aerobics s orts3 6he statistical o ulation of this investigation was co+ osed of artici ants doing aerobics s orts in the ar,s around the 'lbor2 rovince3 '+ong these a+ounts of artici antsI eighty athletes were chosen rando+ly3 6he research toolsI were included the self hysical descri tion Ouestionnaire (@ subscales of body fatI whole bodyI a earanceI figure) and the index of hysical activities3 .or data analysisI the +ethod of analysis of univariate variance was used at UG3GB3 6he results indicated thatI there is no significant statistical differences between Wgender-body i+ageX UG3?CB and Wage-body i+ageX UG3AGE3 6hereforeI it can be said that body i+age in the wo+en is +ore related to a arent si2es of the body and this issue causes the attention of wo+en to be +ore observable through the tangible ara+eters3 9ey 6or+$3 *ody I'age# Aero ics# !otal and 8eneral Self )oncept
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THE INVESTI<ATION O* E**ECTS O* :ATER EDERCISE ON PHYSICAL AN1 4ENTAL 1ISOR1ERS IN :O4EN M0./M IN TEHRAN Leila #aghersad /enani>I Parvaneh 7a2arali? 0. !ar iat $odares %ni&ersity 2. Alzahra %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study was to investigation of effects of water exercise on hysical and +ental disorder in wo+en AG-CA 6ehran3 !ethod: '+ong all wo+en AG-CA in 6ehranI after exa+ination with rando+ selection >BG wo+en selected as statistical sa+ le3 $ub=ects erfor+ed water exercise along ? +onths and @ ti+es at wee,3 'fter and before training eriodI sub=ects co+ leted <uestionnaires about general healthI cardiovascularI nutrition and +ental condition3 &ata were analy2ed with co+ arison of re and ost test results3 /esults: 6he results showed that water exercise ositively affected rest heart rate and blood ressureI +uscular enduranceI strength and flexibility in sub=ectJs regular tas,s3 Loss weight was not observed following this exerciseI but revented weight gain3 $evere de ression and anxiety rate also significantly were reduced3 Conclusion: water exercise can use as a suitable and effective exercise +ode for +iddle age and older eo le3 9ey 6or+$: 4ater E-ercise# 4o'en# Physical "isorder# $ental "isorder
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THE INVESTI<ATION O* THE ROLE O* 4OTOR PRO*ICIENCY (4P) AN1 2O1Y 4ASS IN1ED (24I) IN PRE1ICTION O* <IRLSJ LEVEL O* PHYSICAL ACTIVITY (PA) !ahdieh &arini>I !asou+eh $ho=aei?I 'f,ha+ &aneshfar? 0. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity <ara= *ranch 2. Alzahra %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was investigation of the role of +otor roficiency (!P) and #ody !ass Index (#!I) in rediction of girlsJ level of hysical activity (P')3 6hereforeI CD girls F years old were selected rando+ly3 6heir !P was +easured by the #ruinin,s-%serets,y test3 &ata of 8abitual and organi2ed P' and sedentary behavior were gathered res ectively by edo+eter and the organi2ed P' and sedentary behavior Ouestionnaires3 Pearson and $ ear+an correlation coefficients and +ultivariate regression analyses were used to analy2e data3 6he results indicated that the correlations between !P with habitual and organi2ed P' were ositive and significant ( U3GB)I but not with sedentary behavior ( Y3GB)3 6here was a significant negative correlation between #!I with !P ( U3GB)3 .urther+oreI %nly !P was a good redictor of girlsJ habitual P'3 6hese results are i+ ortant to rogra+ the interventions focused on +otor s,ills develo +entI which a ears to be needed for increasing childrenJs P'3 9ey 6or+$: $otor Proficiency# *ody $ass Inde-# Physical Acti&ity# 8irls
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CO4PARISON O* 4ENTAL S9ILLS (*O7N1ATION, PSYCHOSO4ATIC AN1 CO<NITIVE) IN ATHLETES PARTICIPATE1 IN I0 R0 IRAN PHYSICAL *ITNESS AN1 AERO2IC NATIONAL CHA4PIONSHIPS 20 0 /obab $hahrian>I $oheila *hasse+i?I !arya+ 1aseghi? 0. I.R.Iran Federation of Physical Fitness 5 Aero ic 2. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity <ara= *ranch
A#$%ra"% 6he +ain %b=ective of this research was to co+ are the +ental s,ills rofile 'thletes artici ated in Physical .itness and 'erobic 7ational Cha+ ionshi s on ?G>G in Isla+ic /e ublic of Iran3 6he statistical o ulation of this research consist of ten best tea+s- A?> athletes- were evaluated to deter+ine +ental rofileI co+ leted the %ttawa !ental $,ills 'ssess+ent 6ool W%!$'6-@ Wthat its significant in the first stages of the research is calculated with 'l ha 9ronba,h factor G/EDE 3 Collected dates were analy2ed by inferential and descri tive +ethodsI 6- test was usedI with a significance level of BR and the bellow results were achieved: 6he average age of Physical .itness athletes is @B/AS F/F years and 6he average age of aerobic athletes is ?@/CS @/C years3 6he average s ort record of .itness athleteVs is>G/ASC/F years and the average s ort record of aerobic athleteVs isB/CS@/@ years3 $ignificant difference was re orted between fitness and aerobic tea+s in their res onse to foundation s,ills3 7o significant difference was re orted between fitness 5 aerobic tea+s in their res onse to sychoso+atic s,ills3 7o significant difference was re orted between fitness and aerobic tea+s in their res onse to cognitive s,ills3
9ey 6or+$3 $ental s3ills# Profile# Athlete# Physical Fitness and Aero ic
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VALI1ITY AN1 RELIA2ILITY O* 2ROC9PORT PHYSICAL *ITNESS TESTS IN RETAR1E1 P7PILS O* SECON1ARY SCHOOLS IN TEHRAN 8osein Pour $oltaniI 8osein 2areian
A#$%ra"% Pur ose: 1alidity and /eliability of #roc, ort Physical .itness 6ests in /etarded u ils of secondary schools in 6ehran !ethod: $tatistics research society (Po ulation) was consist of /etarded u ils of secondary schools which were +e+bers of exce tional school3 7u+ber of >FF /etarded u ils in statistic research rando+ M cluster sa+ ling election is fro+ exce tional school3 #roc, ort hysical tests including BAG +eter running (cardiovascular endurance)I $,in fold and body +ass index (body co+ osition)I hanging with $traight and flexed ar+I #ench ress ( ower and +uscle endurance u er trun,)I Iso+etric ush-u sI sit u corrected (abdo+inal +uscle endurance)I Power of finger of revailing hand ( ower hand and radioulnar)I 6run, elevationI /ight and left shoulder extensionI .lexibility of right and left bac, (flexibility)3 In content related validityI there are sets of #roc, ort tests which were used by >B s ecialists3 /esults of correlation between ex erts are denoted content M related validity test (rTG/E) in evaluation of hysical fitness factors are related to +ental retarded u ils3 $tatistical +ethods in use calculation of validity and reliability were consisting of +ultivariable regressionI si+ le and +ulti coefficient correlation3 'lsoI ercentile ran,s were used in order to re ort nor+s of +ar,3 .inding: /esearchable finding showed that there is a relationshi between ele+ents of hysical fitness and body co+ osition as a redictive validity index in all of #roc, ort tests which have coefficient correlation with body co+ osition (PT G/CA)3 'lso the result showed that the +ost i+ ortant redictive tests are based on intensity of relationshi which includes bench ressI hanging with $traight ar+I .lexibility of left bac,I hanging with flexed ar+I sit u corrected and BAG +eter running3 9ey 6or+$: *roc3port Physical !est# $ental Retarded# Validity# Relia ility
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Motor eha!ior
Poster Presentation
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INVESTI<ATION O* RELATIONSHIP 2ET:EEN *IVE 1I4ENSIONS O* PERSONALITY AN1 4ENTAL HEALTH :ITH INNOVATION IN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AN1 AERO2IC COACHES !oha++ad 8osein 'nsariI 8abib 8onariI $o+aye 6a,lavi 1arniab Alla'e !a ata ai %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he goal of current survey is to Investigation of relationshi between five di+ensions of ersonality and +ental health with innovation in hysical activity and aerobic coaches3 6he statistical set includes hysical activity and aerobic coaches in 6ehran and @G coach was chosen as sa+ le using cluster sa+ ling3 6he data were collected using OuestionnaireI validity of which was evident by ex erts3 6he Ouestionnaires constancy was evident using 9ronbach 'l ha coefficient3 6he results indicate a significant relationshi between five di+ensions of ersonality and innovation and a significant relationshi between +ental health and innovation in coaches3 9ey 6or+$3 Fi&e "i'ensions of Personality# $ental Health# Inno&ation# )oach
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THE E**ECT O* H :EE9S RESISTANCE TRAININ< ON 2O1Y I4A<E AN1 ANDIETY ON 7NTRAINE1 4ALE ST71ENT 9haled Piri 9ordI .arhad /ah+ani 7iaI 8a+id 'ra2iI 9a,ou 8oseini
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to co+ are the effects of E wee,s of weight training on body i+age and anxiety of untrained +ale students3AGd untrained +ale (ageT??3?ES>3F?yearI8eightT>DE3EBSB3Bc+IweightTD@3?AS@3>G,g) a+ong untrained students selected and rando+ly divided into two grou s of ex eri+ental (nT?G) and control (nT?G)3'll anthro o+etric +easure+ent and erfor+ance records relate to > re etition +axi+u+ (>/!) of weight training in a season before of training rogra+ erfor+ed and the body i+age and anxiety Ouestionnaires were co+ lete3 6he eriod resistance training rogra+ consist of E wee,s and with intensity in two first wee, ABR >/!I three and four wee, BGR >/!I five and sixth wee, BBR >/! and in two last wee,Js CGR >/!3 't the end of weight training rogra+ all artici ation erfor+ed and co+ leted the +easure+ent and Ouestionnaires that assessed in re test3 6he results of study that analy2ed statistically with inde endentI de endence t (t-test) and Pierson correlation showed that E wee,s of resistance training significantly increase +uscular strength and hy ertro hy and satisfaction of body i+age and reduce anxiety in ex eri+ental grou I but none of the changes were significant in control grou 3 6he considerable hysical changes results of resistance training such as significant increase in strength and +uscle +assI because of ositive effect of good self-theory and social acce tationI can be a i+ ortance reason for i+ rove+ent in satisfaction of body i+age and reduce of anxiety3 #ecause these changes are +easurableI Positive hysical changes (significant increase in strengthI +uscle +ass and body fat ercentage) could be increase sychological and hysical health and finally +ay i+ rove individualJs healthI that these results were su lied in this study ( ZG3GB)3 9ey 6or+3 4eight !raining# *ody I'age# An-iety# Strength and Hypertrophy $uscular
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A CO4PARISON O* SENSATION SEE9IN< A4ON< 1I**ERENT <RO7PS O* ATHLETES AN1 NON.ATHLETE ST71ENTS !oha++ad $ayed 'h+adiI .ahi+eh 9eyvanlouI !ohsen 9ooshanI ',bar Pa=ouhan
A#$%ra"% 6he study investigated the differences in sensation see,ing and itJs co+ onents between athletes and non- athletes students3 !ethods and +aterials: In these descri tive analytical study >CG students (EG athletic students and EG non-athletic students) with average age of ?? years selected rando+ly fro+ students of a2ad university of +ashhad3 $ensation see,ing scale 1 ($$$I for+ 1) develo ed by Hac,er+an and cognitive Ouestionnaire were used for data collection3 6he obtained data were analy2ed in $P$$ >B using inde endent sa+ les t- test3 .inding: 'n i+ ortant finding was that athletes scored higher than no athletes3 Conclusion: so we can lead sensational eo le to exiting s ort to revent of their cri+e3 9ey 6or+$: Sensation See3ing# Athlete# non+athlete Student
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THE CO4PARISON O* SI4PLE AN1 CHOICE REACTION TI4E 2ET:EEN ATHLETES AN1 NON.ATHLETES AT 1I**ERENCE LEVELS O* 24I 'bdorrah+an 9he2riI !ahdi $hahba2iI 1aliollah 9ashaniI 'li Pashabadi !ehran %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study was to co+ are si+ le and choice reaction ti+es for athletes and nonathletes at three levels of #!I3 6he sa+ le o ulation included +ale athlete and non-athlete students fro+ 0niversity of 6ehran3 6he AE artici ants were divided into two grou s of athletes and non-athletes3 'fter deter+ining the levels of #!II sub=ects were divided into three grou s of lowerI +ediu+ and high levels of #!I and then their reaction ti+e was +easured3 6he results of 6-test indicated that athletes had a shorter reaction ti+e than non-athletes3 .urther+oreI the results of one-way '7%1' and 6o,ayVs ost hoc test showed that there was no significant difference between athletes of different levels of #!I in reaction ti+eI but nonathletes with low level of #!I auto+atically had significantly shorter reaction ti+es than other grou s ( TG3GGA)3 6he results of this study show that eo le with low #!I have a shorter reaction ti+e3 9ey 6or+$A Si'ple and )hoice Reaction# *$I# Athletes
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E**ECT O* AERO2IC EDERCISE AN1 <RO7P ACTIVITIES AN1 IN1IVI17AL THREE OR SID SESSIONS A :EE9 ON ANDIETY RE17CTION O* ARA9 7NIVERSITY O* 4ALE ST71ENTS 'h+ad !ir 'shrafiI 'li 7oshir
A#$%ra"% 6he role of exercise and aerobic activitiesI reducing anxiety and did +ale students 'ra, #ul, and individual s ortsI three or six sessions er wee, is effective in reducing student anxietyk Po ulation: 'll +ale students (>?IGGG students) 0niversity of 'ra,I sa+ le: AG atients with anxiety +oderate ur osefully selected and >G were divided into four grou s and the aerobic exercise grou and individually addressed3 !ethod: se+i-e+ irical and de endent t test was used3 /esults significant relationshi between anxiety reduction +ale students artici ated in three sessions of aerobic exercise er wee, grou (>C/@- t T) and individual (@E>/>-t T) be seen3 6he significant relationshi between anxiety +ale students artici ated in aerobic exercise sessions er wee, to six grou s (AC>/?- t T) and individual (EF/?-t T) observed3 6he results of this theory showed that aerobic exercise and activity can reduce anxietyI to verify !+y3 6he results of the investigations $tarv (>FEC) and !ousavi et al (>@ED) are consistentI so it can be concluded exercise and aerobic activities lay an i+ ortant role in reducing student anxiety lays 9ey 6or+$3 Aero ic E-ercise# An-iety# Ara3
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THE CO4PARISON O* 4ENTAL TO7<HNESS IN ATHLETE 4EN AN1 :O4EN IN IN1IVI17AL CONTACT AN1 NON CONTACT SPORTS 1aliollah 9ashani>I 'h+ad .aro,hi?I Ebrahei+ !otesharee?I !ansoreh !o,aberian? 0. %ni&ersity of !ehran <ish international )a'pu 2. !ehran %ni&ersity A#$%ra"% 6odayI an o ti+al erfor+ance athleteI /esult is a co+bination of different factors3 !ental toughness as one of the +ost i+ ortant sychological characteristics related to outco+es and success in elite s ortI so that +ost coaches and s ort sychologistsI beliefs +ental toughness is the +ost i+ ortant sychological factor affecting the success of athletes3 6he ai+ of current study is 6he Co+ arison of !ental toughness in athlete +en and wo+en in individual contact and non contact s orts3 6o deter+ine sa+ le si2eI first of allI a reli+inary study were done with using >EG +ale and fe+ale athletes in the three individual contact s orts (;ushuI ,ic,boxingI 6ae,wondo) 'nd three non-contact s orts (bad+intonI sOuash Itennis)3 't the endI 'ccording to individual scores +ean and varianceI and use for+ula of deter+ine sa+ le si2e with value FBR and with ower test EGRI @GG athletes were selected as the study sa+ le3 6he s ort +ental toughness Ouestioner ($!6<) was used to +easure athletes +ental toughness3 6ow way '7%1' and 6u,ey ost hoc test based on the significant level of al ha RB were conducted for analyses &ata3 6he results of this research indicated thatI !ain effect of genderI ty e of s ort (contact and non-contact) were significant3 8oweverI interaction effects of gender and ty e of $ ortI were not significant3 6he results of this research indicated that +ales scored significantly higher ( U G3GB) than fe+ales score in +ental toughnessI this finding along with 'da+ / et al (?GGF) resultsI 6hese differences could be due to variations in the underlying ex ression of the attributes related to !6 in +ales and fe+ales orI alternativelyI to different sociali2ation rocesses3 %ur results revealed that there were significant differences a+ong athletes who artici ate in contact or noncontact s ortsI this finding along with *ray9han and Jolierowy (?GGD) resultsI but not 'da+ / et al (?GGF ) result3 Possible causes of su erior athletes that artici ate in contact s orts than athletes who artici ate in non-contact s orts +ust be searched in nature and hiloso hy of +artial arts based on hysical and sychological stressI In additionI ex erience violence in contact s ortsI s iritual erson to stand difficult living conditions and exercise +ore robust returns3 !ental toughness is having the natural or develo ed sychological edge that redicts 'thletes success3 Ex osure hard conditions (co+ etitionI exercise) can &evelo +ent !63 1arious factors such as ti+e situationI co+ etitive ex erienceI ageI activity levelI nature of s ort and individual differencesNhave i+ ortant roles In sha ing and creating good +ental s,illsI and need to Inde endent study3 9ey 6or+$: $ental !oughness# )ontact and non )ontact Sports# 4o'en
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THE CO4PARISON O* SPORT CO4PETITION ANDIETY O* ATHLETES PARTICIPATIN< IN THE 2THS ST71ENTS SPORT OLY4PIA1 O* ISLA4IC A?A1 7NIVERSITIES Q RE<ION !oha++ad $ayed '+hadiI .ahi+eh 9eyvan louI !ohsen ,oushan6 ',bar Pa=han
A#$%ra"% 'nxiety is one of the negative as ects of excite+ent3 6he low a+ount of anxiety can be hel ful in gaining achieve+ent and extre+e anxiety can be destructive3 6he ur ose of study is the co+ arison of s ort co+ etition anxiety of athletes artici ating in the ?th students s ort %ly+ iad of Isla+ic '2ad 0niversities F region3 @?? sub=ects (?GG +ales and >?? fe+ales) were selected by syste+atic sa+ ling3 'll sub=ects filled out s ort co+ etition anxiety test ($C'6) develo ed by +artins and colleague in >FFG validity and reliability of this test were found GRFB and GRFD seOuentially3 6here were significant differences between s ort co+ etition anxieties of different fields3 9arate layers had the lowest degree of anxiety and the wrestlers and the football layers had the highest degree of anxiety3 'thletes of the individual and contact s ort had a lower anxiety than athletes of grou and non- contact s orts ( U G/G>)3 'lso results showed that a record of s ort and exercise ti+e reduce the a+ount of anxiety ( U G/GB)3 .inallyI it could conclude that various factors can affect athletesI such as athletic recordI duration of exerciseI sex and ,ind of s ort3 $o it needs the intelligence of coaches and su ervisors of s ort tea+s to concur the factors which roduce anxiety3 9ey 6or+$3 Sport )o'petition An-iety# Sport Oly'piad# Athletic
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A CO4PARISON O* THE E**ECTS O* *EE12AC9 *REF7ENCY RE17CTION PROCE17RES ON CAPA2ILITY O* ERROR 1ETECTION A LEARNIN< *ORCE PRO17CTION TAS9 .ar2ad !oha++adi>I #ehroo2 abdoli?I !oha++ad 'li 'slan,hani? 0. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity A adan *ranch 2. Shahid *eheshti %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he +ain ur ose of this research was the co+ arison of the effect of feedbac, rocedures (bandwidthI su++ary and faded) on the erfor+ance i+ rove+ent and error detection ca ability of force roduction tas,3 6he sub=ects of research consisted of @C non-athlete volunteer students with the average of ?B3A>S>3C age that were right-handed and were rando+ly divided in to three grou sI including >GR bandwidth feedbac,I B-trial su++ary feedbac,I and faded feedbac,3 7one of the sub=ects were aware of the research ai+ and had no revious ex erience in such a test3 6he necessary data for the resent research was gathered in A hases: retestI acOuisitionI retention and transfer3 In retest haseI the sub=ects were su osed to roduce a force eOuivalent to ?GR of +axi+u+ force in a >G-trial bloc,3 6he acOuisition hase consisted of seven >G-trial bloc,s in which @GR of +axi+u+ force in were used as a target force3 In retention hase in the next ?A hoursI roduction force rocedure based on @GR of +axi+u+ force was used and in transfer haseI AGR of +axi+u+ force was used as the target force3 In retestI retention and transfer hasesI ? second after each trialI the sub=ect was su osed to verbally esti+ate his force roduction3 .or &ata analysisI one-way analysis of variance and one-way analysis of co-variance in significant level PZG3GB for s ss->>3B software were used3 /esults revealed that there was no significant statistical difference in accuracy variableI consistency variableI and error esti+ation accuracy variable of roduction force in acOuisitionI retention and transfer hase in three ,inds of these +ani ulationsI and they (+ani ulations) led to the i+ rove+ent of learning and error detection ca ability3 9ey 6or+$: *and(idth Feed ac3# Su''ary Feed ac3# Faded Feed ac3# Accuracy# )onsistency# Error Esti'ation Accuracy
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THE E**ECT O* AF7ATIC TRAININ<, 4ENTAL TRAININ< AN1 CONC7RRENT TRAININ< (AF7ATIC AN1 4ENTAL TRAININ<) ON 2ALANCE IN EL1ERLY 4ALES $a==ad 8oseiniI 8osein /osta+,haniI 8a+dollah 8adi Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity# !a riz *ranch A#$%ra"% $ince balance +aintenance is considered one of the indices deter+ining aged eo leVs inde endenceI so exa+ining and identifying the effective factors on balance changes to increase inde endence bac,ground in +ove+entI to i+ rove the i++unity of co+ onents of daily hysical activities and exercise +ove+entI and to revent in=uries resulted fro+ falling are exa+inable to ic that researchers are interested in3 6he ai+ of this study was survey the effect of aOuatic trainingI +ental training and concurrent training (aOuatic and +ental training) on balance in elderly +ales3 .or this ur oseI >?G elderly +en (age CB/GD S >A/>A :rI weight D>/EC S @/@> 9gI height >D@/? S @/BD C+) were selected and then classified in A grou s rando+ly: balance aOuatic training (nT@G)I +ental training (nT@G)I concurrent (aOuatic and +ental training) (nT@G) and a control grou (nT@G)3 .or esti+ate sub=ectsV balanceI :-6est was used in three directions3 's regards grou of balance aOuatic trainingI aOuatic training were done to increase the sub=ectsV balance for six wee,sI three sessions er wee,I and one hour er session according to ervious conducted studies3 's regards grou of +ental trainingI this grou did training for six wee,sI three sessions er wee,I >B +inutes er session3 .or grou of concurrent balance aOuatic training and +ental trainingI sub=ects did a co+bination of training of revious two grou s for six wee,s and three sessions er wee, and >3B hours er session3 'lso ability inOuiry of Isaac 5 !ar, i+agination (>FEC)I which +easured sub=ectsV inside and outside +ental i+aginationI was used in order to evaluate the ability of +ental i+agination3 &escri tive statistics was used to describe the sub=ectsV ersonal characteristicI and for deter+ining the significant difference between the effects of three different exercise +ethodsI '7%1' statistical test and 6o,i ost hoc test ( ZG/GB) were a lied3 $ignificant difference is observed in reaching distance of ex eri+ental grou s after a lying exercise rogra+s3 In co+ arison of grou s with each other based on the a+ounts of rangeI there was difference between reaching distance before and after a lying training which resented exact si2e of the effects of training on balanceI it is observed that in every three direction of :-test the +ost increase in reaching distance after a lying exercise rogra+s belongs to grou of concurrent training3 /esults of this study are in agree+ent with revious findings indicate a significant effect of exercise training courses on i+ roving the balance3 Potential reasons of increasing balance due to training include the increase in strength of sub=ectsV lower li+bs after artici ating in exercise rogra+sI facilitation in the wor, of greatI Ouic,- contraction +ove+ent organsI increase in confor+ity of +usclesI a lying ressure on neuro+uscular syste+s and the rocess of re+oving disinheriting3 'ccording the results of this study it suggested that in designing fitness rogra+s for seniorsJ s ecial attention been aOuatic and +ental training3 9ey 6or+$3 *alance# AIuatic !raining# $ental !raining# Elderly $ales
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1ETER4INE THE E**ECT O* A SELECTE1 AERO2IC ACTIVITY ON THE PSY. CHOLO<ICAL HEALTH IN HE4O1IALYSIS PATIENTS .ate+eh /a=abiI !ahdi 7a+a2i2adeh Shahid *eheshti %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study is to deter+ine the effect of a selected aerobic activity on the sychological health in 8e+odialysis Patients3 ;e chose accidentaly ?G wo+en of these atientsI between >B-@B years old3 6hey were divided and +atched in two grou s as control and ex eri+ental3 6heir grade of sychological health3 #efore starting the selected aerobic activityI we got the two grou s and sychological health test ($CL-FG-/)3 6hey wor,ed on ergo+eter bicycle for ? +onths3 'fter ? +onths ending their aerobic activitiesI the ? grou s sychological health was tested by $CL-FG-/ in the sa+e situation3 0sing the inde endent 6-sest for analy2ing the resultsI we reaches these result: ' significant difference was observed in the average of sychological health between control and ex eri+ental grou s and aerobic activities effected the i+ rove+ent of sychological helth in the ex eri+ental grou 3 (PUG3GB) 9ey 6or+$3 Aero ic Acti&ity# Psychological Health# He'odialysis Patients
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THE CO4PARISON O* 4ENTAL TO7<HNESS IN ATHLETE 4EN AN1 :O4EN AT 1I**ERENT LEVELS O* S9ILL 1aliollah 9ashaniI !ansoureh !o,aberianI 'h+ad .aro,hiI Ebrahi+ !otashareeiI Javad 'fshari !ehran %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6odayI an o ti+al erfor+ance athleteI /esult is a co+bination of different factors3(>)3 !ental toughness as one of the +ost i+ ortant sychological characteristics related to outco+es and success in elite s ortI so that +ost coaches and s ort sychologistsI beliefs +ental toughness is the +ost i+ ortant sychological factor affecting the success of athletes3(?)3 6he ai+ of current study is 6he Co+ arison of !ental toughness in athlete +en and wo+en in individual contact and non contact s ortsI at different levels of s,ill (noviceI sub eliteI elite)3!ethodologyI the ,ind of this study is descri tive research3 6o deter+ine sa+ le si2eI first of allI a reli+inary study was done with using >EG +ale and fe+ale athletes in three s,ill levels3 't the endI 'ccording to individual scores +ean and varianceI and use for+ula of deter+ine sa+ le si2e with value FBR and with ower test EGRI @GG athletes were selected as the study sa+ le3 6ow way '7%1 and 6u,ey ost hoc test based on the significant level of al ha RB were conducted for analyses &ata3 &ata analysis was conducted with using statistical software version $P$$>D3/esultsI 6he results of this research indicated thatI !ain effect of gender and different levels of s,ills were significant3 8oweverI interaction effects of gender and s,ill levels were not significant3 9ey 6or+$3 $ental !oughness# Athlete $en and 4o'en
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E**ECT O* EDERCISE ON ELECTE1 TAR<ETE1 HYPERACTIVITY 1ISOR1ER 2OYS ELE4ENTARY ARA9 'LI/EH' #'8/'!:I 'LI 7%;$8I/I !'JI& %J'//: %ni&ersity of Ara3
A#$%ra"% 6arget i+ act exercise on ('&8&>) students 'ra,3 $tatistical $ocietyI all ri+ary school u ils in the school year 'ra, EF->@EE had to study e+ loy+ent3 $a+ leI CG ur osefully selected and after the i+ le+entation of re-testI the sub=ects rando+ly into three grou s of ?G eo le .ayt co+bat s orts and soccer and s orts activities were divided into control3 6wo ex eri+ental grou s E wee,s and three sessions a wee, under coach aid rofessional activityI then the test was ta,en3 &ata collection toolsI +orbid sy+ to+s Ouestionnaire based on childrenVs C$I &$! diagnostic criteria is codification3 $tatistical +ethodI descri tive statistics for the distributionI abundanceI +eanI standard deviation and t test were used3 /esultsI co+bat s orts and soccer activities on reducing hy eractivity disorder had a significant i+ actI but the retention eriod of co+bat activity was +ore stable3 &iscussionI 9i+ (?GG?) in their study receivedI tae,wondo and ,arate the +ost en=oyable s orts for children and baseball went to nu+ber for these children is a night+areI alsoI is reco++endedI a ro riate exercise to reduce hy eractivity disorder should be used3 $o one of the ways that sychiatrists can rovide regular and ongoing artici ation in s orts activities is under ex ert instructors3 9ey 6or+$: E-ercise# Hyperacti&ity "isorder# Ara3
>
3 Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
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THE CO4PARISON O* PER*ECTIONIS4 AN1 CHRONIC *ATI<7E 2ET:EEN ATHLETE 4EN AN1 NON ATHLETE. 4EN !oha++ad 7ari+aniI $a==ad #ashar PourI 'bdollah *hase+ Pour $ohagheghe Arde ili %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6his research has been erfor+ed to co+ are erfectionis+ and chronic fatigue between athlete +en and non -athlete +en and also to investigate relationshi between these variables3 $tatistical society of this research co+ rised total of >BC +ale athletes of the tac,ti stadiu+ of 0re+ia 6ownshi 3 AG athlete +en were selected rando+ly as a study grou and AG non athlete +en were selected as a co+ arison grou by this sa+ ling3 #oth two grou s were +atched together in de+ogra hic characteristics li,e ageI education3 Partici ants were tested individually by scales of erfectionis+ and chronic fatigue3 6he results of +ultivariate variance (!'7%1') showed that there was no significant difference in ositive erfectionis+ and chronic fatigue between those two grou s3 #ut there was significant difference in negative erfectionis+ fatigue between those two grou s3 6he results of Pearson correlation test showed that Positive erfectionis+ negatively related to chronic fatigue (PUG/G>I rT -G/AB)I but negative erfectionis+ were ositively related to chronic fatigue3 (PUG/G>I r TG/A?)3 6he result of regression analysis showed that about RAG of chronic fatigue variance was redicted by ositive and negative erfectionis+3 9ey 6or+$: Athlete# )hronic Fatigue# Perfectionis'
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*RIEN1SHIP F7ALITY IN A1OLESCENT AERO2ICS ATHLETES IN 9ER4ANSHAH3 ASSOCIATIONS TO PERCEIVE1 4OTIVATIONAL CLI4ATE A SPORT ORIENTATION $ara 9arbalaeifarI .ar2ad '2i+iI #ahra+ :ousefiI $ana2 6anha A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study was to exa+ine the relationshi between the erceived +otivational cli+ateIs ort orientation and indices of friendshi Ouality in a sa+ le of young +ale and fe+ale airobics athletes36he sa+ le consisted of>?Gairobics athletes artici ating in the youth co+ etition3Correlation analyses revealed that young fe+ale airobics athletes who erceived the +otivational cli+ate as redo+inantly +astery orientedIand who were redo+inantly goal oriented in s ort orientationI re orted better relations with their friends in s ort they scored ositively on co+ anionshi Iloyality with their best friend in s ortI they erceived this friend as being loyal and of allowing free discussionI and they re orted being su orted by their friends in s ort3!irroring these findingsIyoung +ale airobics athletes who erceived the +otivational cli+ate as redo+inantly erfor+ance orientedI who scored high in co+ etitiveness and win orintatedIre orted negative relationshi s with their friends in ter+s of these as ects36hey also re orted being in conflict with their best friend3 9ey 6or+$3 Aero ics# Athletes# <er'anshah
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THE E**ECT O* RE<7LAR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON 4ENTAL HEALTH IN 4ALE AN1 *E4ALE 7NIVERSITY ST71ENTS !oha++ad 'li 7odehiI !o=taba 'h+adiI !oha++ad 6aghi 9horand
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study was to survey the effect of regular hysical activity on +ental 8ealth in +ale and fe+ale 0niversity students3 6he statistical o ulation consists of all +ale and fe+ale students of #andarga2 '2ad 0niversityI that ?GG sub=ects were selected as sa+ le in this study3 6he *8<-?E Ouestionnaire was used to +easure A sub- factors hysical healthI anxietyI slee disorderI social efficiency and de ression if general health3 6he reliability of this Ouestionnaire has been deter+ined in +ore than DG countries (RE?-RF?)3&escri tive analysis used to describe the data and $ ear+an coefficient used to analysis the findings( pU 3GB)3 6he results of this study showed significant difference in total +ental health subscales ( hysical healthI anxietyI slee disorderI social efficiency and de ression) between athletes and nonathletes university students ( ZG/GB)3 6his study showed that artici ation in regular hysical activity has benefit effects on +ental health of +ale and fe+ale university students3 It is clear that +ental health has good effects on educational goals in universities3 $o these findings suggest that it is i+ ortant to have enough attention to students hysical activity3 9ey 6or+$: $ental Health# Sport# Physical Acti&ity# Athlete Student# non+athlete Student
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E**ECT O* SELECTIVE PHYSICAL TRAININ< ON PSYCOLO<ICAL *ITNESS !oha++ad 6aghi 9horand %ni&ersity of 8olestan
A#$%ra"% 'chieving and +aintaining +ental fitness and thatI on all as ects of life influences3 In addition to strengthening healthI increase wor, efficiency is also effective3 ;hat this research has been studiedI the relationshi between hysical exercise and sychological fitness is selected3 &ue to lac, of consistent resultsI the need for further research and studies in this area is felt3 .or exa+ leI !I *vda, et al (>FFC)I concluded that the connection between +ental fitness and there are adults while $a=yv and colleagues ca+e to the o osite conclusion3 In this studyI hysical fitness test (agility AbFI sit on a +inuteI #arfi,sI both AB + s eedI vertical =u+ I and both $ergeant >CGG +) and +ental readiness test (Ouestionnaire $'$I) as a research tool used was3 $tatistical $ociety of the research students fro+ >EG high school athletes and untrained for+ed city of *organ3 'fter collecting dataI $ ear+an correlation coefficient test to chec, this relationshi was based on assu+ tions that the results of this study are as follows: >i between hysical fitness and +ental re aredness boys tea+ and individual athletic fields there are significant differences3 ?i between hysical fitness and +ental re aredness boys soccer and bas,etball fieldsI there is no significant difference3 @i between hysical fitness and +ental re aration untrained +ale students there is no significant difference3 'ccording to the resultsI the need for lanning and s ecial attention to the ex ansion of hysical activities to ro+ote +ental health is reco++ended3 9ey 6or+$: Physical !raining selected# $ental Preparation# Student
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THE E**ECT O* 47SIC ON PSYCOLO<ICAL *ACTORS IN AERO2IC PER*OR4ANCE O* A <R7P O* :O4AN ATHLETIC IN 4ASHHA1 <Y4NASI74 #ita #ordbar
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to exa+ the effect of +usic on wo+an sychological such as (de ressionI anxiety and aggression) in aerobic3 ' survey was done on @G athletic who do aerobic and @o athletic who do not aerobic3 6he control grou and the test grou were in the sa+e training condition and lace 3the tools of gathering data were Ouestionnaires3 for analy2ing data and co+ aring variables between the ? grou sI the co+ arative exa+X !ann-;hitney-0X and for co+ aring after exa+ the ara+etric statistic exa+ W ;ilcox onX were uses 3 6here was no significant difference in two ara+eters of anxiety and aggression in both control grou and test grou (P`G/oB) but a significant difference of de ression was observed3 P T G/GGEI !ann;hitney-0 T?EG 6he result confir+ed the theories of this research and shows that +usic can have effect on in indicator of W&e ressionX in wo+en and doesnJt have direct effect on 'nxiety and 'ggression3 9ey 6or+$3 Aero ic# "epression# An-iety# Aggression
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CAR1IAC REHA2ILITATION PRO<RA4 (AERO2IC) AN1 F7ALITY O* LI*E IN CAR1IAC PATIENTS !orad JorgehI !a=id *orgehI .ar2ad 7a2e+I 'li :elfani
A#$%ra"% Cardiac rehabilitation is the effective +ethod to i+ rove Ouality of lifeI es ecially in heart disease36he ur ose of this study was to deter+ine the effect of cardiac rehabilitation rogra+s on the Ouality of life of atients who had undergone coronary artery by ass grafting in Iran0 $ix wee,s after C'#* CG atients ( AC +ale and >A fe+ale) artici ated in an >?-wee, cardiac rehabilitation rogra+ that consisted of for+al su ervised exercise training and educational sessions in shahid beheshti rehabilitation center of ha+edan 3 <uality life after +i Ouestionnaire was instru+ent for collecting data in the resent study3 /esults: significant i+ rove+ents were noted in the Ouality of life (PUG3GB) and its co+ onents after the cardiac rehabilitation rogra+: hysical function (PUG3GB)I I social functionI and e+otional function (PUG3GB)3 'lso no significant differences found between +en and wo+en in Ouality of life and co+ onents at baseline and after >? wee,s(PYG3GB)36hese findings suggest that cardiac rehabilitation +ay be an effective thera y for i+ rove Ouality of life in atients with roble+s after C'#*3 9ey :or+$: )ardiac Reha ilitation Progra'# )oronary Artery *ypass 8raft Surgery# Duality of .ife
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A CONSI1ERATION O* 4ORNIN< EDERCISE I4PACT 7PON 4ENTAL HEALTH O* 4ALE AN1 *E4ALE HI<H SCHOOL ST71ENTS IN 1ISTRICT IN ?ANJAN CITY (200H.200Q) 'bolfa2l .arahani>I $hahra+ Es,andari Pour?I ',bar 8eidary>I !ansur !oradlu@I 'li 8a+edi@ 0. !ehran %ni&ersity 2. !ar iat $oale' %ni&ersity >. 9an=an %ni&ersity A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of the resent research is to consider the +orning wor,out effect on sychological health of both +ale and fe+ale students in district > in Han=an3In doing soIfour classes including two fe+ale and two +ale classes were selected at si+ le rando+ base36henIeach of related classes was assigned as either ex eri+ental or control grou 36o test the +ental healthIwe ad+inistered *8< ?E Ouestionnaire3$ubseOuentlyIthe ex eri+ental grou (one +aleione fe+ale) undertoo, +orning exercise for four wee,s36he 6-test results indicated a significant difference a+ong four grou s3!eanwhileIboys were +entally healthier than girls in ex eri+ental grou s3 9ey 6or+$: $orning E-ercise# 8HD 2B# $ental Health
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SEARCH THE RELATIONSHIP SATIS*ACTION AN1 THE EL1ERLY :AL9 'h+ad 8eydariI $ia+a, 6a,ashI Ebrahi+ #anitalebiI !ahdi !agha+i
A#$%ra"% $tudy the relationshi between wal,ing and elderly satisfaction is assessed3 6rans arency to the relationshi between the effects of wal,ing and training +ethods were used se arately3 'ccidentally an ex eri+ental grou versus a control grou investigated are3 Ex eri+ental grou a wal, older free and as a grou I but the other grou I two wal, in a gy+ was3 Partici ants >? elderly eo le between the ages of AD to DA years for a two-+onth wal, volunteered3 results very active hysical activity (energy) to the least active (tiredI drowsy) disgruntle very active (angry) to enable good-natured little (slowlyI with dignity) was used3 In ter+s of assess+ent (E') and (6') is E' has been shown BI>GI>B3 E' than in all +inutes wal,ing ti+e3 #ut at the ti+e of E' >G to brea, down 6rust3 &uring wal,ingI the ha iness and excite+ent during wal,ingI freshness and vitalityI and its surface is +ore than the +ain axis is higher3 8a iness and excite+ent ra idly rising co+ ared to wal,ing grou (?) under rest and +ore than >B +inutes3 It is reco++ended that one should exercise and hardly have to ush3 9ey 6or+$: 4al3# Elderly# "epression# Vitality
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THE E**ECTS O* AERO2IC EDERCISES ON SEL*.CON*IR4IN< AN1 HAPPINESS AN1 ITS RELATIONSHIP :ITH 1E4O<RAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS O* NON. ATHLETE *E4ALE Hahra /is+anbafI 7a=+eh 'fshehI Hahra !ardas Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity# "ezfool *ranch
A#$%ra"% 6his study investigated the effect of eight wee,s aerobic exercise in self-confir+ing and ha iness and its relationshi with ageI education and e+ loy+ent status of non- athlete fe+ales of &e2ful city(a city in south of Iran )3 6he sa+ le consisted of sixty wo+en that were selected by rando+ly stratified +ethod fro+ non-athletic fe+ales who+ registered in aerobic s orts clubs in &e2ful city3 Pre -test was used to the+ before starting racticeI then they artici ated in aerobic exercise for E wee,s and three sessions of CG +inutes er wee, and after eight wee,s ost-test were ta,en3 $elf-confir+ing Ouestionnaire by /atus and %xfordI 8a iness Ouestionnaire which reliability and validity were confir+ed was used3 6he data were analy2ed via de endent t- testI !%7%1' and +ulti le correlation coefficients0 6esting the ro osed hy othesis at ZG/GB showed that there was a significant difference between scores grou s regarding self-confir+ing and ha inessI before and after aerobic exercise3 ;o+en selfconfir+ing and ha iness increased after eight wee,s aerobic exercisesI without any relationshi with their ageI education and e+ loy+ent status3 6husI it is strongly suggested to all society eo leI articularly wo+en for reventing +ental and sycho disorders actively attend in various activity even si+ le wal,ing3 9ey 6or+$3 'erobicI $elf-confir+ingI 8a inessI non-athlete ;o+en
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RELATION 2ET:EEN THE CO4PONENT O* 2O1Y *ITNESS AN1 HAPPINESS AN1 LI*E F7ALITY O* NEYSHA27RE A?A1 7NIVERSITY <IRL ST71ENT $oheila *oharro,hi>I '+ir !oghada+? 0. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity ,eysha ur *ranch 2. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity $ashhad *ranch
A#$%ra" 6oday life Ouality is index of social develo +ent 3this index includes the +ost i+ ortant different factors that deter+ine conditions of life in society and ersonal ease of life 3.or the develo +ent of society all factors of life Ouality should be ro+oted one by one on that3 $oI the deter+ination of significant life Ouality factors 5 the ways of ro+otion are the necessities of society develo +ent3 %ne of the effective factors in life Ouality is body fitness3$oI this a er ai+s to exa+ine the relation between co+ onents of body fitness and life Ouality of '2ad 0niversity 7eyshabure girl student3 !ethodology: this study is descri tive field research the o ulation of the research includes all the fe+ale student of '2ad 0niversity of 7eyshabure (a total of ?DABfe+ale student)3 %ne hundred students who had ta,en hysical education I were chosen as the artici ants through rando+ sa+ ling3 Physical fitness was divided in different categoriesI each of which was +easured through different tests as below3 Cardiovascular endurance was +easured by $te $trand testI body co+ osition was +easured through +easuring der+al fat by cali erI abdo+en +uscles endurance was +easured through sit-u exercise3 .urther+oreI flexibilityI u er body (shouldersI forear+s and chest) +usclesI agilityI legsJ strength and s eed were +easured by flexibility testI ush-u I Axa =u+ I @C+eter s rintI res ectively3 !oreoverI Ouality of life Ouestionnaire ($.T@C)3 6he reliability of the Ouestionnaire was +easured by Cronba,h test at /TEDR3 &ata were analysed through Pearson correlation coefficient and +ulti le regression analysis3Correlation +atrix between co+ onent of body fitness 5 life Ouality .indings/discussion: the finding of this research have been shown that through the different co+ onent of body fitness =ust we have significant relation between +uscles endurance of hands 5 Ouality life and we donJt have any relation between the other co+ onent and Ouality life3 6hese results have contradiction with the 9oltin research findings (?GG>)3 'lso the findings of 1uille+ina (?GGB)3%n the other hand I research findings with #rownand (?GGA)who have found that however the ositive effects of regular body activity have been acce ted but the relation between the rate of body activity and life Ouality is un,nown3 $oI because different result have been shown in these activity Iits necessary to research +ore in this to ic3 9ey 6or+$: Physical Fitness# Duality of .ife# 8irls# ,eysha ur
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ASSESS4ENT AN1 CO4PARISON O* SLEEP 1ISOR1ER, 1EPRESSION AN1 SO. CIAL *7NCTION NONLATHLETES *E4ALE ST71ENTS AN1 THE *E4ALE ST71ENTS O* PHYSICAL *ITNESS !ar2iyeh 9halife $oltani>I 8abib 8onari? 0. %ni&ersity of Sistan and *alouchestan 2. Alla'eh !a ata ai %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% In 6his research was carried out to assess+ent and co+ arison of slee disorderI de ression and social function 7oni'thletes fe+ale students and the fe+ale students of hysical fitness3 6he s ecific o ulation for the research was the all fe+ale students of university $istan and #aluchestan3>GG Ouestionnaire ublished a+ong fe+ale students hysical fitnessI also >GG Ouestionnaires ublished a+ong fe+ale students 7oni'thletes3 ;e used the standardi2ed Ouestionnaire general health (*8<) that includes ?E Ouestions3 'fter data were collectedI s ear+an and 0 M !ann M ;hitney tests in level of ZG3GB were usd3 /esults of this study showed that I there were a significant different between hysical health I slee disorder I de ression and social function 7oni'thletes fe+ale and the fe+ale of hys ical fitness (PZ (G>/G 36here were a significant relationshi between general health fe+ale 'thletes with ti+e of s ort activites(r T ( C?/G 3 /esults of this study showed thatI all indexes about 'thletes fe+ale were better than fe+ale 7oni'thletes and with increasing s ort activeties fe+ale 'thletes had a better general health3 9ey 6or+$: Sleep "isorder# "epression and Social Function# Physical Fitness# Student
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Sport Me"icine
Oral Presentation
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1AN<ERO7S EDERCISES 8assan &anesh+andi 8uilan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% /esearch has shown that +any exercises are contraindicated and +ay do +ore har+ than benefits3 !any of the war+-u exercises we racticed each day have now found to be dangerous3 ;hile different levels of athletics do have different levels of stretchingI it is necessary to ,now what the dangerous exercises are and how to use safer alternatives3 Certain exercises are too ris,y and should not be erfor+ed at all3 Exercises +ust be erfor+ed in certain ways and if erfor+ed incorrectly can cause in=ury3 'l+ost any exercise can be otentially dangerous if erfor+ed with oor align+ent and i+ ro er techniOue3 6he +ost vulnerable areas are the nec,I the ,neesI and the bac,3 6he li+itations of an exercise rogra+ should be custo+i2ed for each individualI not the general o ulation as so+e exercise rofessionals have ro osed3 6he individualVs goalsI +edical historyI ortho edic healthI etc3 as well as the li+itations of the exercise rofessionalVs ,nowledge need to be considered3 %bviouslyI certain exercises +ay be considered contraindicative for so+e eo leI at least until articular in=uries and bio+echanical deficiencies are corrected and the rinci les of s ecific ada tation can be observed3 6here are so+e general rinci les which can hel to deter+ine the safety and effectiveness of an exercise3 'void the following general ractices to ensure safe exercises3 1o NOT3
1# 2oun"e - 'll +ove+ents should be erfor+ed slowly3 If you use Ouic,I =er,ing +otions
to stretchI you can tear +usclesI tendonsI or liga+ents3

2# Lo"; or HyBereC%en+ - Loc,ing the ,nees or elbowsI will over stress these =oints3 3# Per!orm *a$% ECer"($e$ - 'bru t contractions cause tightening of +uscles and do not
strengthen the +uscle correctly or hel the +uscle gain the ability to act in a slow sustained +anner3
4# S6(n) - $winging +otions use +o+entu+ not +uscleI si+ilar to a bounce3 6his can tear
+uscle fiber3
5# O5er#en+ a Jo(n% - 6he range of safe +otion for the ,nee and elbow is li+ited3 6# Ar"' %'e Lo6 2a"; or Ne"; - 8y erextension of the bac, or nec, can da+age the
s ine3
7# Ro%a%(onal mo5emen%$ M 'll +ove+ents erfor+ed in +ore one lane and even diagon-
al lane3 'void grinding +ove+ent in ,nee =oint and nec,3 6herefore the ai+ of this review article is discussed about so+e of these routine exercises which usually erfor+ed in s ort for all and for elders eo le3 Coaches and layers can use these infor+ation for reventing and reducing in=uries3
HO: TO PREVENT CHIL1REN *RO4 AERO2IC AN1 PHYSICAL *ITNESS INJ7RIES !oha++ad 8ossein 'li2adeh !ehran %ni&ersity
A#$%ar"% 'erobics and fitness involve the +ove+ent of large +uscle grou s in continuous rhyth+ic activity to +usic3 It has +any benefits for different grou s as well as children3 'erobics is associated with a significant nu+ber of in=uries and its in=uries generally fall into trau+atic and overuse in=uries3 6rau+atic in=uries occur as a result of a fallI twist or si+ilar accident and +ost often involve the an,le or ,nee3 %veruse in=uries usually develo gradually often as a result of a change in the a+ount or intensity of aerobicsI or due to a training error3 $hin ain is the +ost co++on overuse in=uryI while foot and ,nee overuse in=uries are also co++on3 #y ,nowing the causes of aerobic in=uries and how to revent the+I you can hel revent your child fro+ being in=ured by following so+e si+ le guidelines and rovide a ositive ex erience in their activity3 9ids can be articularly susce tible to aerobic in=uries for a variety of reasons3 9idsI articularly those younger than E years oldI are less coordinated and have slower reaction ti+es than adults because they are still growing and develo ing3 In additionI ,ids +ature at different rates3 %ften thereVs a substantial difference in height and weight between ,ids of the sa+e age3 ;hen ,ids of varying si2es lay aerobic togetherI there +ay be an increased ris, of in=ury3 's ,ids grow bigger and strongerI the otential for in=ury increasesI largely because of the a+ount of force involved3 $uitable coach who has been trained in first aid and CP/ should have a lan for res onding to e+ergencies3 Coaches should be well versed in the ro er use of eOui +entI and should enforce rules on eOui +ent use3 Coach can also as, the children to obey the rules of the aerobic3 In=ury can be revented by using the right techniOues and eOui +ent3 $ee, advice fro+ your instructor about how to i+ rove or correct your techniOue if you have in=uries that +ay be related to oor techniOue36he ris, of aerobics in=ury can be +ini+i2ed by +atching children to the aerobic and not ush then too hard into an activity that he or she +ay not li,e or be ca able of doing3 It is also i+ ortant to as, the children to wear a ro riate rotective gear and find how to use aerobic eOui +ent3 ;ear footwear s ecifically designed for aerobics3 *ood fitI stabilityI secure lacing and good forefoot cushioning are i+ ortant features of an aerobics shoe3 Choose clothing that fits well and has good +oisture transfer ro erties3 'nother i+ ortant factor is conditioning3 #eing in ro er hysical condition to lay aerobic +ay result in develo ing the strength and endurance of heart and lungs3 It is reco++ended t to get a re-season hysical exa+ination and always avoid aerobic3 Pro er war+ing-u and coolingdown exercises +ay reduce the ris, in=uries3 ;ar+ u s and cool downs should be a art of your childJs routine before and after aerobic artici ation3 ;ar+ u exercisesI such as stretching and light =oggingI +ini+i2e the chance of +uscle strain or other soft tissue in=ury during aerobic3 ;hen the ,ids are very tired or in ain donJt ush the+ to aerobic exercises3 8ave a
+usculos,eletal assess+ent erfor+ed by a s orts +edicine rofessional before co++encing aerobics when you have suffered an in=ury in the ast3 It is i+ ortant to ta,e care of in=uries as soon as they ha en3 $ufficient rest after an in=ury for so+e overuse in=uries is very crucial because children are allowed to resu+e s orts activity too soon3 ' hysician should evaluate any s orts in=ury3 Ignoring the roble+ +ay turn it into a +ore serious in=ury3 ;ith ro er treat+ent and restI the athlete usually can continue artici ating through the season3 Encourage the ,ids to ta,e adeOuate water or other liOuids to +aintain ro er hydration3 !a,e sure they have access to water or a s orts drin, while laying3 's, hi+ or her to drin, freOuently and stay ro erly hydrated33 Chec, the environ+ent by controlling the te+ erature in the aerobics area with a +oderate levelI and good ventilation3
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THE RATE AN1 NAT7RE O* :O4EN INJ7RIES IN AERO2ICS .ershteh 9a2e+iI 1ahid Hola,tafI *hola+ 'li *hase+i
A#$%ra"% International co+ etitions of aerobics are held annually3 'thletes of +ore than AG countries artici ate in these co+ etitions3 6his s ort is ra idly ex anding in Iran3 6he ur ose of this research is to find out the rate and nature of s ort in=uries in Iranian athletes of aerobics3 6his is a survey done by structured interview3 Interviews were conducted using a +odified version of standard Ouestionnaire of "'erobics Pathology"3 6he sa+ le included AG erfor+ers (aged ?@SB years) fro+ B rovincial tea+s selected by cluster convenient sa+ ling3 'nnuallyI DGR of athletes had >I ?I or @ in=uries3 6he rate of in=ury was > in=ury in >GGG hours of ractice3 6he +ost revalent sites of in=uries included ,nee @CRI shin >FRI an,le >BRI and bac, >@R3 In=ury ty es consisted of chronic B>RI s rain >ERI cra+ >GR and strain ER3 %ur data suggests that for +any athletes exercise ti+e exceeds their sta+ina3 ConsecutivelyI the +ain cause of in=uries is robably overused3 It could lead to too +uch fatigue and increase the chance for techniOue error3 9ey 6or+$: Aero ics# In=ury# Aero ics In=ury
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E**ECT O* CORRECTIVE EDERCISES ON INTENSITY O* CHRONIC NEC9 PAIN AN1 RAN<E O* 4OTION O* CERVICAL VERTE2RAE *OR 30 7P TO -0 YEARS OL1 :O4EN IN AL2OR?E PROVINCE !ar2ieh !osadeghiI :ahya $o,hangoueeI 'lire2a /ahi+i
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of resent study is about effect of one eriode of corrective exercises (treat+ent)on intensity of chronic nec, ain and range of +otion of cervical vertebrae for @G u to BG years old wo+en who have chronic nec, ain in 'lbor2e rovince3 6his attern had @C wo+en who had chronic nec, ain3they were in @ grou : 7or+al ostureI forward head osture and ,y hosis osture36hey refered to so+e of 'lbor2e rovince hos itals Evaluation of s inal colu+n abnor+ales was done by chec,erd late and flexible rullerr3by use of flexability testsI (/%!)rang of +otion nec, s inal colu+n was evaluated and for evaluation of ain intensityI1isual 'nalogue /ating scale(1'$) was done for searchings3.or the ur ose of studyIabout corrective exercises on ain intensity of chosen eo le who have had chronic nec, ain Ii+ rove+ent exercises delivered36hese exercises were s ecial to nec, ain and they did for >? session3 6wo grou of forward head and ,y hosis had i+ rove+ent exercises related to abnor+als3study findings showed that corrective exercises will +a,e ain intensity reduction in this @ grou and ain intensity reduction will ha en after exa+ination in co+ arison to before exa+inationIIt leads to i+ rove+ent in rang of +otion in cervical vertebrae in @ grou ( U R>)3'+ong @ grou s ain intensity reduction wont have +eaning ful difference before and after exa+ination( UR>)3&oing one eriode of corrective exercises will +a,e +eaning ful difference in ,y hosis grou and forward head roble+s( UR>)Iso this abnor+al condition will i+ rove3$o we concluded that a +ixture of Iso+etricIIsotonic Inec, and bend shoulder i+ rove+ents will reduce ain intensityIit is robability for increasing in +usculare owerIbeads +ove+entIi+ rove+ent in rang of +otionIi+ rove+ent in sending blood and +etabolis+36hese exercises will effect on @ grou Ibecause ower and +uscle flexability and beads +ove+ent will increase3&oing corrective Exercises will influence on flexability of extensore +usclave of wraist-bac, and +uscle ower will increaseIalso s inal colu+n condition will i+ roveIwhich is i+ ortant in ,y hosis abnor+al i+ rove+ent36hese exercises will increase ower and nec, beads +usculare flexability and will reduce distance of head bac, fro+ wallIalso it will i+ rove the osture of locating head on beads which is i+ ortant in treat+ent of forward head abnor+als3 9ey 6or+$: )orrecti&e E-ercises# )hronic ,ec3 Pain# Rang of $otion# )er&ical Verte rae
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THE ST71Y O* CA7SES AN1 4ECHANIS4 O* THE ACL INJ7RIES IN THE IRANIAN PRO*ESSIONAL SOCCER PLAYERS 8a+ed 6ar+ahI 7ader /ahna+aI 9halil 9haya+ #ashiI $hadi !oafi Isfahan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% $occer is one of the +ost o ular and high ris, s orts around the world3 6he highest nu+ber of in=uries in this s ort occurs in ,nee =oint and anterior cruciate liga+ent ('CL)3 6he ai+ of this study was to exa+ine the causes and +echanis+ of 'CL in=uries a+ong the Iranian rofessional soccer layer3 .ifteen rofessional soccer layers (age: ?BS@3AEyI height: >DF3>@SA3C>c+I weight: D?3CSA3A@,g) who suffered fro+ 'CL in=ury were studied3 Infor+ation was collected via watching the video of the +atches and interviewing with the tea+ hysicians and studying the +edical files and re orts3 6he result of this study showed that the nu+ber of non-contact in=uries (D@3@R) was significantly +ore than contact (?C3DR) in=uries (PUG3GB) and +ost of in=uries were occurred in the do+inant leg3 /egarding the severity of the in=uriesI +ost of the+ were severe and needed surgery (PUG3GB)3 'lthough the nu+ber of in=uries during the +atch was greater than ractice but the differences was not significant3 6he +ain causes of noncontact in=uries was a sudden change in direction (PUG3GB)3 !ost of in=uries occurred in the away +atches (PUG3GB) and in the end of the co+ etition season3 7o significant differences were found between laying ositions3 It is noteworthy that +ost of the in=uries occurred during the second half of the +atch and during C>-DB +inutes (PUG3GB)3 It can be concluded that +ost of the 'CL in=uries are non-contact and sudden change in direction is +ain causes of in=ury3 6his infor+ation can be used in lanning reventive rogra+s3 9ey 6or+$3 Anterior )ruciate .iga'ent# Video Analysis# In=ury# Professional Player
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E**ECT O* SELECTE1 EDERCISE (AERO2ICS AN1 RESISTANCE) ON SO4E O* I447NE SYSTE4 *ACTORS IN 4ALE PATIENTS :ITH 47LTIPLE SCLEROSIS
7i,ou 9hosraviI Parvaneh 7a2araliI 7asrin !aghsoudi Alzahra %ni&ersity A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was to evaluate the effects of selected training on so+e of i++une factors consisted of roinfla++atory (I.7q567.c) I anti-infla++atory cyto,ine(IL->G) and C/P in +ale atients with +ulti le sclerosis3 6hirteen +ale with !$ volunteered to artici ate in this study included E indivitual in exercise grou ( with +ean age G>/C S D/@? years I height F S @/ >DC c+ I weight C/D S E/DG ,g) and B individual in control grou (with +ean age >/@ S ?/?C yearsI height/>CFAD/F S c+I weight >@S ?/CB ,g )3 $elective training rogra+sI consisted of aerobicsIresistance and stretching training that was doing @ days a wee,s uncontinuously3 &ata were analy2ed by using a descri tive statistics and co-variance analysis I /e eated !easures '7%1' and the #onferony ost hoc test at $tatistical significance UG/GB3 6he results indicate that a reduction in seru+ IL->G )PTG/G?F( resting concentrations significantly in ex eri+ental grou in co+ arison with control grou 3 regarded to various 67.c I6here were no differences significantly between ex eri+ental grou and control grou ( YG3GB)3various I.7q decreased in both control and exercise grou s3 C/P +ean changes ti+ing were no significant in both control and exercise grou ( YG3GB)3 6he result showed that selected training i+ roved disability in atients and roducted variation in cyto,ines +ales atient3
9ey 6or+$' I''une Syste'# $ultiple Sclerosis# Physical Acti&ity
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THE E**ECT O* AF7ATIC AERO2IC TRAININ< ON SO4E O* CAR1IOVASC7LAR RIS9 *ACTORS IN PATIENTS :ITH 4S
!ah+oud $oltani>I /o+bod 9ha=ei?I $eyed !ah+ood 8e=a2i>I $aleh 7orne+atolahi> I 'h+ad Hendedel? 0. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity $ashhad ranch 2. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity ,eysha ure ranch
A#$%ra"% !ulti le $clerosis is a disease of central nerve syste+ which involves brain and s inal cord3 6he +ost co++on co+ lications of !$ are fatigueI !uscle cra+ sI ChillsI sOuintI i+balance and gait disorders3 Pur ose of this study was investigating the effect of aOuatic aerobic exercise for E wee,s on the so+e of cardiovascular ris, factors in fe+ale !$ atients 3!aterials 5 !ethods: In this Ouasi-ex eri+ental studyI AG fe+ale !$ atients on the basis of illness degree and age range were allocated rando+ly into ? grou s3 6he average eriod of the disease was (A->) and age range was between ?G-BG years3 6hey were divided in one ex eri+ental grou (?G eo le) and one control grou (?G eo le) 3 6he ex eri+ental grou artici ated in the exercise rogra+ for E wee,sI each wee, three sessions with intensity of AG-BG ercent of the +axi+u+ heart rate3 !easure the cardiovascular ris, factors in ex eri+ental and controlled grou s before and after exercise3 6he gathering data analy2ed by inde endent t and aired t test3/esults: after the exercise the ex eri+ental grou have significant decrease in L&LI 8&LI 6C36*I 8e+atocrit 3alsoI do aerobic exercises in water can cause 8&L for ex eri+ental grou 3Conclusion: Considering the results of this researchI which has caused in an decrease in the so+e of cardiovascular ris, factors !$ atientsI so it see+s necessary to a ly an aOuatic exercise for such atientsk $oI it is reco++ended to s ecialists to use these trainings as a su le+entary treat+ent besides +edical treat+ents for !$ atients3 9ey :or+$: $ultiple Sclerosis# AIuatic E-ercise# )ardio&ascular Ris3 Factors
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THE E**ECT O* THE AERO2IC SELECTE1 EDERCISE IN :ATER ON THE CORTISOL LEVEL, IL 0, IL/ AN1 T<* IN THE PATIENTS :ITH 47LTIPLE SCLEROSIS $a+aneh Pa,2adniaI $aleheh 7oor 7e+atollahiI $ayed !ah+oud 8e=a2iI !ah+oud $oltani Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity# $ashhad *ranch
A#$%ra"% !ulti le sclerosis or !3$3 is a chronic and nervous syste+ enabler diseaseI which da+ages the central nerve syste+ +yelin (brain and $ inal cord)36he +ost revalent sy+ to+s are fatigueI s as+I tre+orI sOuintI i+balance and wal,ing disorder3 6he ur ose of this research is to investigate the effect of the aerobic selected exercise in water on the Cortisol levelI IL->GI IL-C and 6*. # in the seru+ of the fe+ale atients with !3$3 6he research ty e is the ractical and the research +ethod is the se+iMe+ irical3 6hus it was selected @G individuals as the sa+ le out of >?G fe+ale atient with !3$3 which they had a disease degree > to A with the disease duration average of B years and the age average ?G to BG yearsI and rando+ly they were s lit to the ex eri+ental grou and the control grou which each were >B individuals36he exercise rogra+ was i+ le+ented to the ex eri+ental grou with the intensity of BG to CG ercents of the +axi+u+ heartMbeatI &ue to investigate the bridling factors of i++une syste+I was sent the exa+inables blood sa+ lesI before and after exercise to the s ecial laboratory after to s ecify the data nor+alityI was erfor+edI their analysis using the descri tive statistics and the de endent and inde endent t test3 /esults:It is obtained the significant difference on the Cortisol level in the exa+inables of the ex eri+ental grou after
and before the exercise3 It is not detained significant difference on the exa+inable 6*. ( TG3?D>)I IL>G ( TG3>CD)I and ILC ( T?/E?A) level3'lthoughI we observed the changes with the +easured variablesI but these changes were not significant3 6he lac, of significant of the variables can be because of the low statistics sa+ lesI low duration exercising rogra+ and the cyto,ines changes a+ litude3
9ey :or+$3 Aero ic Selected E-ercise in 4ater# $ultiple Sclerosis# )ortisol# I.01# I./
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THE E**ECT 2 :EE9S *7NCTIONAL TRAININ< PRO<RA4 ON 1YNA4IC AN1 STATIC 2ALANCE IN HEALTHY OL1ER :O4EN Parastoo 7ooriI #ehna+ *hase+iI ',bar '2a+ian Ja2i Shahre3ord %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6his study ai+ed to exa+ine the effect of a functional training rogra+ on dyna+ic and static balance of healthy older wo+en3 !aterials and !ethods: 6hirty healthy older wo+en artici ated in this study who selected ur osely and divided in two control and ex eri+ent grou s3 ;as a follows: in control wasI +ean of age D@/D?S?/AI the +ean of height >BCSD/AI the +ean of weight CD/?DS@/C? and the +ean of #!I was ?F/AS>/B?3 8owever in the ex eri+ent grou as follows: the +ean of age D>/>S>/FI the +ean of height >B>S?/BI the +ean of weight CB/?DS@/B and the +ean of #!I ?D/DS>/G@3 6he dyna+ic balance was +easured with functional test (60*) before and after the eriod of functional training rogra+3 6he control grou followed their daily activity but the ex eri+ental grou did a functional training rogra+ for >? wee,s3 &escri tive statisticsI t-test for inde endent sa+ les and aired sa+ le t-test (P Z G3GB) a lied for statistical analysis3 /esults: 6here was significant changing in dyna+ic in balance in the control grou after >? wee,s3 while ex eri+ental grou I showed a significant decreased in ti+e 60* testI and increased in shar ened test after >? wee,s functional training 3.inallyI the +eaningful decreasing was seen between two grou that it indicate the increasing in dyna+ic and static balance of ex eri+ental grou 3Conclusion: 6he result of this study suggests the effect of functional training on dyna+ic balance a+ong wo+en3 9ey :or+$3 "yna'ic *alance# Functional !raining# Older o'en
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THE RATIOS O* LOCAL AN1 <LO2AL A21O4INAL 47SCLES ACTIVITY 17RIN< S7PINE 2RI1<IN< STA2ILI?ATION EDERCISE !ar2ieh /e2aee>I 8adi /ohani?I !ansoor $aheba22a+ani?I 9oorosh *hahre+an 6abri2i?I !oha++ad /e2a '+irseifoddini? 0. 8uilan %ni&ersity 2. *ahonar %ni&ersity of <er'an
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this study was to evaluate the relative +uscle activity and the ratios of local and global abdo+inal +uscles activity during su ine bridging stabili2ation exercise on stable and unstable surface3 !ethods: >? non-athlete fe+ales (+ean ageI ?>3D?S>3D@ yrsI heightI >C?3E>S ?3FE c+I weightI BE3G@SA3G? ,gI #!II ?>3CBS>3BA ,g/+?) were selected rando+ly who has no low bac, ain and regular exercise training3 6he sub=ects erfor+ed su ine bridge exercise in either osition ') on the +att with flexed ,nee and feet on the groundI #) on $wiss ballI legs on the ball and u er body on a bench as height as ballI C) on the $wiss ball with flexed ,nee and feet on the ballI &) on the $wiss ball and legs on the ballI E) on the +att with extended right ,neeI and/or .) on the +att with extended left ,nee3 $urface electro+yogra hy ($E!*) activity of /ectus 'bdo+inis (/')I External %bliOue (E%)I and Internal %bliOue/6ransverse 'bdo+inis (I%/6') +uscles on the right side of the core were recordedI and nor+ali2ed to +axi+u+ voluntary iso+etric contraction (!1IC)3 'll data were analy2ed using '7%1' with re eated +easures and bonferroni ost-hoc test at UG3GB level3 /esults: 6he ratios of local and global abdo+inal +uscles activity (I%-6'//' and I%-6'/E%) in all exercises were higher than >3 &iscussion: *enerallyI erfor+ing su ine bridging stabili2ation exercise harderI +ore useful can be obtain for restoring correct abdo+inal +uscle contraction atternsI s ecially local +uscles3 6hese findings su ort this idea that su ine bridging stabili2ation exercise on different surfaceI different local to global +uscle ratios are contributed in vertebra osture control with sa+e +anner3 9ey :or+$3 $uscle acti&ity# 8lo al and .ocal 'uscle# Sta ilization e-ercise# Supine ridging
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CO4PARISON E**ECTS O* CORRECTIVE EDERCISE ON LAN1 AN1 IN :ATER ON 9YPHOTIC <IRLS :ahya $o,hangoueeI $ayedeh 9hadi=e 'sri $araviI !ilad Pirali
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of the resent study was to co+ are the effects of a A-wee, corrective exercise rogra+ on land and in water on the so+e selected ara+eters related to 9y hosis in ,y hotic girls3 'fter sa+ ling and diagnosingI ?G ,y hotic girls at the Isla+ic '2ad 0niversityI were selected3 6he sub=ects were rando+ly divided in to two eOual grou sI a corrective exercise in water and an exercise on land3 'll sub=ects artici ated in >? sessionsI three ti+es a wee, and each ti+e for nearly half an hour rogra+3 6he de endant variables were: bac, +uscles owerI s ine flexibilityI chest ex ansionI shoulder abduction +ove+ent extension3 6he de endant variables were +easured by dyna+o+eterI gonio+eterI and the stri +eter before and after the exercises3 Inde endent t-test was erfor+ed to co+ are the +ean of de endent variables between two grou s (cTG /GB)3 6he result showed that there was a significant difference between grou s for the bac, +uscles ower ( UG /GB) and shoulder abduction +ove+ent ( UG /GB)3 ;hereasI no significant difference for the s ine flexibility and the chest ex ansion was observed ( UG /GB)3 In conclusionI the exercise in water affected +ore on the bac, +uscles ower and shoulder abduction +ove+ent than on land3 9ey :or+$3 <yphosis# Hydrotherapy# )orrecti&e E-ercise
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Sport Me"icine
Postre Presentation
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CO4PARISON O* THORACIC 9YPHOSIS IN T:O <RO7PS O* PRO*ESSIONAL AN1 A4ATE7R CYCLISTS $a==ad #agherian>I 7ader /ahna+a>I /e2a /a=abi? 0. Isfahan %ni&ersity 2. !ehran %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% Cycling is one of the s orts that athletes in it use a ,ind of osture for a long ti+e3 It see+s that this osition effects on curve s ine3 6he ai+ of this study was to investigate whether the cycling osition effected on thoracic ,y hosis in two different grou s of cyclists and a grou of nonathletic artici ants3 $eventy elite Iranian +ale cyclists including @B rofessional road cyclist (+ean ($&) age ?C3B (A3G>) yearsI height >DC3F (D3@C) c+ and weight DG3AC (D3D) ,gI with F3F (A3C) years ex erience of cycling) and @B a+ateur road cyclist (age >F3B (@3G@) yearsI height >D>3@ (A3?) c+ and weight CE3DA (C3A>) ,gI with ?3B (>3>) years ex erience of cycling) and @B +ale non-athletes (age ?@3B (?3?) yearsI height >CF3B (B3E) c+ and weight CF3G@ (F3>) ,g) were recruited3 'll rofessional road cyclists co+ eted at international level with the Iranian national tea+ or Iranian student national tea+3 Each selected cyclists had to co+ lete a Ouestionary about traits of training and ex erience of doing cycling3 6he degree of ,y hosis was +easured by a CG c+ flexible ruler3 !ean ($&) ,y hosis was AF3Dr (C3F)I AB3Er (B3@) and A@3?r (C3A) for the rofessional road cyclistsI a+ateur road cyclists and non-athlete grou sI res ectively3 %neway '7%1' show a significant difference in +ean ,y hosis between rofessional cyclists and a+ateur cyclistsI rofessional cyclists and non-athletes grou (PUG3GB) but for a+ateur cyclists and non-athlete grou was not significant (PUG3GB)3 It can be conclude that degree of ,y hosis was highest in rofessional road cyclistsI followed by a+ateur road cyclists and then nonathletes3 6he extent of ,y hosis was influenced by years of training3 9ey :or+$: <yphosis# Posture# Fle-i le Ruler# Professional )yclists
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E**ECT O* EI<HT :EE9S O* STREN<TH AN1 PLYO4ETRIC TRAININ<S ON PASSIVE JOINT POSITION SENSE $aeid Efte,hariI 9halil 9haya+ #ashiI 1a2gan !inasian Isfahan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was the effect of eight wee,s of strength and lyo+etric trainings on assive =oint osition sense3 .or this ur ose AB +ale students of Isfahan 0niversity selected and then fill testi+onialI and artici ated in this se+i-e+ irical study3 $ub=ects divided in three grou s strength (nT>B)I lyo+etric (nT>B) and control3 Joint osition sense +easured at three angles @GI AB and CG degrees in ,nee by #iodex iso,enitic syste+ @3 .or data analysis %ne-way '7%1's were used3 /esults showed that trainings significantly i+ rove the =oint osition sense in initial and final angels (@G and CG degrees)3 'lso co+ arison of trainings revealed that strength training in @G degrees and lyo+etric training in @G and CG degrees significantly i+ rove the =oint osition sense3 #etween two +ethods of training only at CG degrees significantly difference was observed3 9ey :or+$: Strength !raining# Plyo'etric !raining# Passi&e =oint Position Sense
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THE LON<IT71INAL ST71Y O* TYPE AN1 CA7SES O* SPORT INJ7RERS A4ON< PHYSICAL E17CATION ST71ENTS 8asan &anesh+andi>I .ar2aneh $a,i?I 'bolfa2l 9hoori@I 6aher 'fshar 7e=adA 0. 8uilan %ni&ersity 2. !ehran uni&ersity >. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity <ara= *ranch E. A'ol %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was investigated the causes and ty es of s orts in=uries in P3E3 students in related to freOuency and ty e of their s ort classI co+ etitions and recreational activities of the+3 In a longitudinal follow-u study D? P3E3 student include +ale (nT?EI age ?>3CS?3C) and fe+ale (nTA@I age ?G3?CS>3@) during @3B year eriod (D se+esters) were exa+ine3 'll in=uries of the sub=ects were recorded at the end of each se+ester3 &ata of first se+ester used as a ilot study3 In total BDA in=uries were recorded (?EB in=ury for +ale and ?EF in=ury for fe+ale)3 In a totally lower extre+ity with AB3AR (@3DS>D3A in=ury er each sub=ect)I u er extre+ity with @?3?R (?3DS?3C er each sub=ect)I trun, with >?3BR (G3EDS>3@ er each sub=ect) and headI face and other seg+ents with F3F (G3FAS?3D er each sub=ect) have had +ost in=uries3 6he +ost ty e of in=ury was +uscle in=ury and lac, of hysical fitness was the +ost co++on cause of in=urers in P3E student3 It can be concluded that high incidence and the varieties of s ort in=uries in related to so+e s ecific s ort classes and ris, factors e+ hasi2ed on +odifying of teaching style and lanning of educational rogra+ of P3E3 students3 9ey :or+$3 Rate and Incidence of Sport In=uries# Sport )lass# P.E Students# Recreational Acti&ity# )o'petition
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INVESTI<ATION O* CHAN<ES SALIVARY OS4OLALITY, SOL7TE SECRETION RATE, I<A TO OS4OLALITY RATIO, SALIVA *LO: RATE AN1 CORTISOL SOCCER PLAYERS 'yoob !ahdivandI 1ahid $ari $arafI 'li #ar2egariI !ahdi $olei+ani
A#$%ra"% Introduction: $everal studies in the field of hysical stress on the role of the i++une syste+ have shown that +any hysiological changes create is ractice and co+ etition in the function of +ucosal i++une ara+eters3 6he ur ose of this study was to deter+ine effect of single bout of soccer on +ucosal i++une ara+eters in soccer layers3 !ethods: 6wo soccer tea+s of firstleague Iran (?? layers) with average (age ?>S? yrI 1%?+ax B>S@ +l3 ,g3 +in) was chosen directly and artici ated in a +atch soccer (FG +inute)3 6i+ed unsti+ulated saliva sa+ les were collected at beforeI i++ediately and ?A hours ost-exercise3 $alivary sa+ les were collected3 &ata were statistically analy2ed by one way '7%1' testI software $P$$>C (PZG3GB)3/esults: 6he result suggest is that single +atch soccer significant increases salivary os+olalityI cortisol and significant decrease saliva flow rate and Ig' to os+olality ratio3 ;hile there is no significant difference in solute secretion rate3Conclusion: ti+e factor and decrease saliva flow rate could adversely i+ act on +ucosal I++une3 9ey 6or+$3 $ocusal I''une Syste'# Sali&ary Os'olality# Soccer# Solute Secretion Rate
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E**ECT O* :ILLIA4JS EDERCISE ON HYPER.LOR1OSIS AN1 AC7TE 2AC9ACHE I4PROVE4ENT A4ON< *E4ALE 4I11LE A<E $ayed !oha++ad 8e=a2iI /a2ita 8eidaryI !oha++ad /e2a /a+e2an ourI !ah+ood $oltani Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity# $ashhad *ranch
A#$%ra"% 6he resent survey was i+ le+ented with ai+ of consideration in effects of ;illia+sJs exercises on the i+ rove+ent 8y er- Lordosis and acute bac,ache on fe+ale +iddle age3 Investigation !ethod: the sort of investigation was racticalI and the +ethod is se+i-ex eri+ental3 In this surveyI we used ?? individuals with 8y er-Lordosis sy+ to+ and acute bac,ache into two ex eri+ental grou s (>? individuals) and control (>G individuals)3 6he investigation lot was as a re-test and ost-test +ethod that was analy2ed by ran, test of ;ill,a,son and .red+an3 ;e utili2ed ain Ouestionnaire of !c*ill and waist vertebra radiology to deter+ine waist ain extension and the angle of 8y er- Lordosis Exercise schedule is a collection of ;illia+sJs exercises that was done in ?A exercise sessions in duration of eight wee,s as three arts er wee, with regarding to over-weight rinci le via increasing ti+e and exercise re etition fro+ AB +inutes to >GG +inutes3.indings and /esults: ;illia+s exercise lan has a +eaningful i+ act on the decreasing in 8y er-Lordosis angleI and acute bac,ache3 Penitents who have this ,ind of sic,ness can utili2e exercise schedule of this survey for reduction in 8y er- Lordosis and bac,ache as a chea re+edy and lucrative endeavor3 9ey :or+$3 Hyper+ .ordosis# 4illia'Hs E-ercise# *ac3ache
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T'e S%u+y o! Pre+("%orI$ An%'roBome%r(" Parame%er$ 6(%' Trun; Ana%om("al Al()nmen% (n A%'le%e$ 8asan $hahro,hi>I 8asan &anesh+andi>I Pegah /ah+ani>I 'li ',bar 8ashe+i Javaheri? 0. 8uilan %ni&ersity 2. Ferdo(i %ni&ersity of $ashhad
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was investigation of trun, anato+ical align+ent in relation to anthro o+etric ara+eters in athletes3 ?G healthy athletes (age ??3?BS>3EE yrI height >E?3DESB3AF c+I weight DB3@BS@3>F and athletic ex erience F3@ES@3DD) and ?G healthy nonathletes (age ??3EGS?3G> yrI height >DF3@BSC3?B c+I weight D>3>GS?3@G) rando+ly artici ated in this study voluntarily3 1ariables sitting heightI s inal lengthI 'r+ $ anI chest width and de thI acro+inal distanceI 9y hosis and lordosis were +easured3 6he results showed a significant difference between ,y hosis and lordosis in athletes and non-athletes ( ZG/GB)3 6here was also significant relation between sitting lengthI s inal lengthI 'r+ s anI acro+ial distance by 9y hosis and sitting lengthI s inal lengthI by Lordosis ( ZG/GB)3 6he results of regression showed that 'r+ s an and s inal length were the best redictors of 9y hosis and Lordosis res ectively3 ;hat is distinguished in this study is the identification and care of those athletes who due to so+e anthro o+etric indices are +ore susce tible to so+e ostural abnor+alities in long ter+I es ecially exaggerating of 9y hosis and Lordosis and their side effects would rise by exercising and through constant +ove+ent atterns3 9ey :or+$3 Athletes# !run3 Anato'ical Align'ent# Anthropo'etric Para'eters
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In8ur(e$ Pro!(le o! Iran(an Pro!e$$(onal 4ale Cy"l($%$ $a==ad #agherianI 7ader /ahna+a Isfahan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% Cycling is a o ularI excitingI and challenging s ort with +any ris, factors that can cause in=ury in cyclists3 6he ur ose of this study was to investigate characteristics of in=uries in rofessional road cyclists3 Infor+ation about in=uries (over B-year ti+e) on A@ cyclists was collected using in=uries re ort for+3 .or analy2ing data Chi-$Ouare 6est was used3 In total CGF in=uries (@ in=ury er cyclist er year) were re orted3 !ost of the in=uries were located in the u er (C?R) and lower extre+ities (@ER) (PUG3GB)3 9nee (?BR)I shoulder and clavicle (>ER)I wrist and al+s (>AR)I fe+ur (>>R) and elbow (FR) were the +ost co++on sites of in=ury (PUG3GB)3 6he +ost co++on in=ury ty es were abrasions (A@R) followed by contusions (AGR)I strains (FR) and fracture (RB) (PUG3GB)3 7u+ber of collision in=uries (F>R) was significantly higher than noncollision in=uries (FR) (PUG3GB)3 Collision with other cyclists (@FR) was the +ost i+ ortant cause of bicycle in=ury (PUG3GB) followed by collision with obstacles in the road (>BR) sudden twist in front of other cyclists (>AR)I and lost of control or falls (>GR)3 6he rate of in=ury was +ore than B ti+es higher in co+ etitions than in ractices (EAR vs >CR) (PUG3GB)3 In=uries at the end of the race (A?R) were +ore than at the initial or +id-race (PUG3GB)3 6he rate of in=uries in nor+al road (DBR) was +ore than u hill and downhill roads (PUG3GB)3 It can be concluded that u er extre+ities had greater nu+ber of in=ury and ,nee and shoulder were +ost ex osed area and the +ain cause of in=uries was collision with other cyclists3 9ey :or+$3 Sport In=ury# )haracteristics of In=uries# )ycling# and Professional Road )yclists
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ESTA2LISHIN< O* 2ALANCE NOR4 *OR <7I1ANCE LEVEL 2OY ST71ENTS O* <7ILAN PROVINCE 'li 'sghar 7orastehI 8asan &anesh+andiI !ehr 'li 8e+ati 7e=ad
A#$%ra"% #alance tests are used to identification of in=ury and awareness of the effect of rehabilitation3 $oI this study was erfor+ed to establish balance nor+ of guidance level of *uilan Province3 AGG +ale student of guidance level of *uilan Province (age: >@3GESG3FD years oldI height: >BDS>G c+I and +ass: AF3E>S>A3?@ ,g) were selected cluster rando+ sa+ ling and star excursion balance and stroc, stand tests were erfor+ed on do+inant and non-do+inant legs3 &escri tive statistics were used to establish the nor+s3 .inallyI balance nor+ in do+inant and non-do+inant leg for each of the three levels were established3 9ey :or+$3 ,or'# Static *alance# "yna'ic *alance# "o'inant .eg# ,on+do'inant leg
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THE RATE AN1 NAT7RE O* :O4EN INJ7RIES IN STEP AERO2ICS .ereshteh 9a2e+iI 1ahid Hola,tafI *hola+ 'li *hase+i
A#$%ra"% $te aerobics is a for+ of aerobic exercise that utili2es a FGbABb?G centi+eter latfor+3 Its International co+ etitions are held annually3 6his s ort is o ular in Iranian s ecialist fe+ale s ort clubs and its national co+ etitions are growing gradually3 6he ur ose of this survey was to deter+ine the rate and nature of s ort in=ury in Iranian athletes of ste aerobics3 ;e ad+inistered a structured interview using a +odified version of standard Ouestionnaire of "'erobics Pathology"3 6he o ulation consisted of artici ants in Iranian su erI and divisions >I and ? leagues3 6he sa+ le included E? erfor+ers (aged ?ASB years) fro+ >> rovincial tea+s selected by cluster convenient sa+ ling3 'nnuallyI B@R of artici ants had >I ?I or @ in=uries3 6he rate of in=ury was G/FA in=uries in >GGG hours of ractice3 $ite of in=uries by the order of revalence were an,le @GRI ,nee ?ARI and bac, >DR3 In=ury ty es included chronic A>RI s rain ?GRI and strain >DR3 In conclusionI the in=uries were occurred +ostly due to causes such as too +any exercise hours (overuse)I fatigueI techniOue errorI abnor+al ostureI and ina ro riate shoes or training surfaces3 6his is li,ely to i+ rove the situation by in=ury revention and +anage+ent courses for instructors and erfor+ers3 9ey 6or+3 Steps Aero ics# In=ury# In=ury Pre&alence
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THE S7RVEY CO4PARISON AN1 A4O7NT PREVALENCE O* SPINAL COL74N A2NOR4ALITY IN EDCEPTIONAL 2LIN1 AN1 SE4I.2LIN1 2OY ST71ENT $ayed 8a+ed !ousaviI #ehna+ *hase+iI .orough !oeini Shahre3ord %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% Introduction: the ur ose this studies is deter+ining of s inal colu+n abnor+ality in fars rovince exce tional blind and se+i-blind boy students3 !ethods: in this search >>A trails too, artI which were selected via access across blind and se+i-blind students fars rovince3 6he +ean and standard deviation of studentJs heightI weight and age was >AF3>ASE3A@ centi+eterI A@3FCSC3FB ,ilogra+ and >@3>AS>3>? year res ectively3 /eOuired data for study obtained fro+ the observation and hysical ins ection3 !easure+ent tools for study included: osture screenI the chart of 7ew :or, testI the lu+bI scaleI +eter and 'da+s test3 6wo a roached have been used in this +ethodI descri tive 5 co+ rehensive statistics3 /esulted nu+bers fro+ hysical test have been illustrated in tables and curvesI in fro+ of crud and ercentile excess3 In order to data deco+ osition and analysisI also the $ ss software 5 s? 6est have been used3 /esults: the results indicated that there was no difference significant between forward headI ,y hosisI and lordosis abnor+alities3 #ut there were different significant between torticollis and scoliosis uneven shoulder abnor+alities ([?T C3>FDI TG3GAB)I ([?TC3DGBI TG3G@B)I ([?TC3C>@I TG3G@D)3 6hus distribution ercent in blind grou +ore of se+i-blind grou 3 &iscussion 5 conclusion: #y attention to results 5 findings of ordinary (co++on) students and co+ are the+ with resent studyI we can result that in whole of the cases abnor+alities ercentage in nor+al students is less than blind students3 Probably these different causes are defect of vision and other related roble+s3 9ey :or+$3 spinal colu'n a nor'alities# e-ceptional lind and se'i+ lind oy students
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THE INTELLI<ENT ESTI4ATIN< O* SPINAL COL74N A2NOR4ALITIES 7SIN< 2Y ARTI*ICIAL NE7RAL NET:OR9S AN1 CHARACTERISTICS VECTOR EDTRACTE1 *RO4 I4A<E PROCESSIN< O* RE*LECTIVE 4AR9ERS !oha++ad :ousefiI 7aser !ehrshadI $aeid Ilbeigi *ir=and %ni&erity
A#$%ra"% 6o +easure the s inal colu+n abnor+itiesI the 9y hosis and Lordosis angles nor+ally co+ are to the standard nor+s3 6he sub=ects can be classified to the healthy and abnor+al grou s #ased on the angle value3 6he ai+ of this article is to use the artificial neural networ, for reali2ing the s inal colu+n abnor+alities3 ?G +ale students (?CS? years oldI D?S?3B ,g weightI and >CFSB3B c+ height) volunteered for this research3 'ccording to this +ethodI the lu+bar lordosis and thoracic ,y hosis angles were analy2ed using by i+age rocessing of >@ reflective +ar,ers set on the s ines rocess of the thoracic and lu+bar s ine3 In this wayI after analy2ing the osition of these +ar,ersI a characteristic vector was extracted fro+ the lateral side of every erson3 6he artificial neural networ, was trained by using the characteristic vector extracted fro+ the labeled i+age of every erson3 't last the neural networ, is used to diagnosis of the abnor+alities3 6he results indicated the high efficiency of this +ethod as the CC/ (train) and CC/ (test) were gotten RFC and RF@ res ectively3 6hese results showed that the neural networ, can diagnosis those abnor+alities3 6he +ost i+ ortant benefit of this +ethod is esti+ating of s inal colu+n abnor+alities without considering inter+ediate OuantitiesI standard nor+s of these inter+ediate Ouantities being non-invasive +ethod3 9ey 6or+$3 )lassification A nor'ality# Spinal )olu'n# <yphosis# .ordosis# ,eural ,et(or3 5
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CO4PARISON O* T:O TECHNIF7ES 4ASSA<E, STATIC STRETCHIN< AN1 CO42INATION O* 4ASSA<E AN1 STRETCHIN< IN LO:ER LI42 47SCLE ON *LEDI2ILITY, PO:ER AN1 A<ILITY TESTS PER*OR4ANCE IN SOCCER PLAYERS 'li !ostafalouI 8adi /ohani>I 'li Chourli?I $o+aye 9hosro=erdi@ 0. 8uilan %ni&ersity 2. Higher Education )o'ple- of 8on ad+e <a&ous >. Education Organization of $inoo "asht
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study was investigating Co+ arison of two techniOues +assageI static stretching and co+bination of +assage and stretching in lower li+b +uscle on flexibilityI ower and agility tests erfor+ance in soccer layers3 AB soccer layers in three grou s rando+ly +assage (>B cases)I stretching (>B cases) and a co+bination of +assage and stretching grou (>B cases) were selectedI erfor+ed the $it and /eachI 6oe-6ouchI 1ertical Ju+ and AbF tests in two stages before and after +assageI static stretching and co+bination of +assage and stretching3 6hey war+ u the+selves by B-+in =ogging before testing3 !assageI static stretching and co+bination of +assage and stretching were erfor+ed on lower li+bs in +ethods for >B +in3 Each test was erfor+ed three ti+es and the best record was acce ted3 In order to effect any of the rotocols and correlated t-test to co+ are the effects of the '7%1' and 6o,y test at UG3GB level was used3 /esults showed the records of flexibility and ower (exce t +assage) tests have significantly increased after +assageI static stretching and co+bination of +assage and stretching ( UG3GB)3 #utI observed no significant changes in agility (exce t co+bination of +assage and stretching) test records3 In generalI 'thletes can use acute +assageI static stretching and co+bination of +assage and stretching rotocol before co+ etition or +axi+al flexibility-reOuired and ower exercise to obtain +ore benefit fro+ increased flexibility and reduced ris, of +uscle in=uries3 9ey :or+$3 $assage# Static stretching# Fle-i ility# Vertical =u'p# Soccer
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CO4PARISON O* 2ONE 4INERAL 1ENSITY AN1 CONTENT IN THE 4ALE SOCCER AN1 HAN12ALL PRO*ESSIONAL ATHLETES :ITH NON.ATHLETES $ayed !ah+oud 8e=a2iI !ah+oud $oltaniI 'li Ha+ani Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity# $ashhad *ranch
A#$%ra"% $o+e studies conducted suggest that the exercise during adolescence co+ increase bone +ineral density and content and it can be a storage for senile eriod but still it has been not +ade any sure about its ty e and intensity which it rovide +axi+u+ the anabolic sti+ulation with the bone the ur ose of this study is to co+ ower between the bone +ineral density and content in the +ale soccer and handball rofessional athletes and +ale non-athletes3 the research exa+inable consisted whit A? +ales ranging ?G-@G years as three grou s which were selected >A rofessional soccer athletes I>A rofessional handball athletes and >A young +en non-athletes3 6he athletes had at least there continuu+ athletic histories with each considered exercisesI which were selected in !ashhad clubs levelI while non-athletes had not any regular and continuu+ athletic histories3 It was +easured to the exa+inable #!& of ar+ fe+ur and bone +ass by &E[' device3 &ata were investigated in the significance level with B ercentsI using descri tive statistics and unilateral variance analysisI and L$& ursuit test3 6he obtained results fro+ this research indicated that there is not any significant difference between co+ arisons of ar+ #!& in three athletes grou s na+ely soccer layerI handball layer athletesI and control3 'nd this difference was significant in fe+ur and bone +ass between three grou s and this significance was between the control grou with soccer layer grou and also the control with handball layer grou 3 #y considering to the research resultsI this theory which the res onse of bone for +echanical loading is de endence to the ty e and ractice of athletic activity has been confir+ed3 9ey 6or+$3 *one $ineral )ontent# *$"# *one $ass# *$)# Soccer Palyer# Hand all Player
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THE E**ECTS O* 4ASSA<E A*TER ONE SESSION O* INTENSE EDERCISE PARTIC7LARLY IN :HEELCHAIR 2AS9ET2ALL ON I447NO<LO27LIN A IN ELITE 4ENS $a+an :ousefi $aghe2iI #ehna+ *hase+iI !oha++ad .ara+ar2i
A#$%ra"% 6his study deter+ines the effect of +assage on i++unoglobulin ' with wheelchair bas,etball disabled one in the exercise session was articularly intense3 $ub=ects included >C eo le were hysically disabled3 6he disability ratingI +a,ing the+ ho+ogeneous and eOual to E layer control grou s and E Ex eri+ental grou atients grou s3 Exercise s ecial intensive session was do with wheelchair bas,etball for AG +inutes and the +axi+u+ intensity3 'fter ?G +inutes of activity in ex eri+ental grou +assage and control grou at this ti+e to rest3 $eru+ sa+ les fro+ sub=ects ?A hours before exerciseI i++ediately after exerciseI i++ediately after the intervention and ?A hours later was ta,en3 6he results showed that after a +assage significant increase in i++unoglobulin ' (Ig') ex eri+ental grou ( T G3G?) observed a significant increase in Ig' and control grou ( T G3G>) also was observed after ?A hours3 %verallI the results of this study showed that +assage after exercise intense the disabled athletes actively than resting absoluteI is ositive effect on i++unoglobulin '3 9ey :or+$: $assage# 4heelchair *as3et all# E-ercise Particular# I''unoglo ulin
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1ETER4INE THE *REF7ENCY O* INJ7RIES AN1 ETIOLO<Y O* THE4 A4ON< ELITE S9ATERS !oha++ad :ousefi>I $aeid Ilbeigi>I Ebrahi+ .ouladin>I !oha++ad /ahi+i? 0 .%ni&ersity of *ir=and 2. !ehran %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% $ ort activities have always been associated with ris, of in=ury and these s ort in=uries can be redictable3 ;e can revent these in=uries by ,nowledge of the revalence and causes the+3 6he ai+ of this descri tive study is to deter+ine the freOuency of in=uries and etiology of the+ a+ong elite s,aters3 6he statistical sa+ le of this research was BA sub=ects detached by >E rovinces artici ating develo ed in the national tea+ +atches (RBC)3 6hey answered the in=uries and etiology of the+ Ouestionnaire that its validity has been acce ted by several certificate teachers3 6he data were analy2ed by descri tive statistic (freOuencyI relative freOuency) and inference statistic (Chi-sOuare test)3 /esearch findings showed cutaneousI +uscleI =oint and bone in=uries are allocated C / ACI C / @EI B / >G and @ / A ercent of the total freOuency of in=uries a+ong the $,aters res ectively3 Lower extre+ities with > / A? ercent and the head and face with @ / E ercent were highest and lowest of relative freOuency in=uries res ectively3 6he ,nee =oint has been reali2ed as the +ost vulnerable of body (E/B ercent)3 Erosion in=ury (@A/B ercent) has +ost co++on in=ury a+ong $,aters crac,ing and fracture closed (@C / G ercent) have the lowest in=ury freOuency3 6here are so+e reasons about the causes of in=uries but the +ost i+ ortant of the+ are not war+ before exerciseI failure to observe safety issues and then the lowest i+ ortant are sychological factors and internal +otivation and desire to win3 9ey :or+$3 Etiology# Sport In=uries# S3ate 5 Elite Athlete
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THE ST71Y O* THE RELATIONSHIP 2ET:EEN PREVALENCE O* SPORT INJ7RIES AN1 SO4E INJ7RY CA7SIN< *ACTORS A4ON< ELITE PAN9RATION O* IRAN !oha++ad 'li #oustani>I !ahdi 9ohandel>I !ohsen tabesh?I !oha++ad 8asan #oustani?I 7abiollah /ahi+i? 0. Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity <ara= *ranch 2. Education Organization of Fars A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of this research was the study of incidenceI ty e and +echanis+ of s ort in=uries in Pan,ration in the s ort +en at the country national level3 6he sa+ le of research was consisting of >F erson of national tea+ Pan,ration of Iran3 6he instru+ent of this research was Ouestionnaire3 'fter collecting OuestionnairesI investigate infor+ationVs get through descri tive and inferential statistics (chi-sOuared test)3 6hese findings shows that +uscular in=uries was significantly higher than others ( UG3GB)3 'lsoI in=uries in lower li+b organic was significantly higher than other arts of body ( UG3GB)3 6rau+a in=ury with ?F3?R the +ost in=ury and o en fracture with >3ER was the least in=ury3 'lso results showed that the +ain +echanis+ of in=uries was o onentVs ,ic, and unches blow (CG3ER)3 Infor+ing coaches and athletes +ore often with current in=ury in this s ortI correction of resent regulationsI controlling blowI decreasing wrong blowI using rotecting instru+ents and +ore safety are the ways for decreasing in=uries in this s ort3 9ey :or+$3 Sport $edicine# Sport In=uries# Pre&ention# Sport First Aid# Reha ilitation
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E**ECTS O* T:O 9IN1S O* EDERCISES :ITH LO: AN1 HI<H INTENSITY ON SO4E HE4ATOLO<ICAL *ACTORS IN ELITE *E4ALE ATHLETES $ana2 Han=anianI Parvaneh 7a2arali Alzahra %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of this study is to deter+ine the effects of two ,ind of exercise with low and high intensity on red blood cellI he+oglobinI he+atocrit in elite 9aya,er wo+en3 !ethod: In order to achieve the ur ose of the studyI >> elite voluntary athletes (!ean aged >E3D?S >3C>EI height >CBSC3>CI weight BD3D?S C3?A) artici ated In the rogra+3 #efore exercise the test blood sa+ le were ta,en 36hen the sub=ect rowed for @G +inute with an intensification of CB row rhyth+ er +inute in the la,e3 6he second blood sa+ les were ta,en instantly3 /owers artici ated in high intensity exercise ?A hours after in the sa+e situation with FG row rhyth+ er +inute3 6he blood sa+ les were sent to the laboratory3 ;e a lied the '7%1' with re eated +easure statistical +ethod for analy2ing3 /esult: the finding of this research showed:

'n increase in +ean red blood cell in both low and high intensity exercise which the high intensity exercise lead to a significant increase in /#C(PUG3GB)3 'n increase in +ean he+oglobin in both low and high intensity exercise which the high intensity exercise lead to a significant increase in he+oglobin (PUG3GB)3 'n increase in +ean he+atocrit in both low and high intensity exercise which the high intensity exercise lead to a significant increase in he+atocrit (PUG3GB)3
&iscussion and conclusion: the finding of this study shows that the count of /#C and he+oglobin increase with exercise3 6his increase is because of decreasing the las+as volu+e diffusion to interstitial tissueI so he+atocrit and he+oglobin increase in volu+e unit3 9ey :or+$3 Red *lood cell# He'oglo in# He'atocrit# Ro( Rhyth' per $inute# <aya3er
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1ETER4INATION O* I4PACT STREN<TH AN1 RESISTANCE TRAININ< ON HE4O<LO2IN AN1 2LOO1 S7<AR <LYCOSI1E PATIENTS :ITH TYPE II 1IA2ETES #ah+an 8asanvand>I 'bdollah 9hodadadi>I 9obra 9ara+i? 0 .Isla'ic Azad %ni&ersity <horra' A ad *ranch 2. $edical Sciences %ni&ersity of .orestan
A#$%ra"% Including diabetesI +etabolic disease that is characteristic of their chronic hy erglyce+ia and i+ aired carbohydrate +etabolis+I fat and rotein are3 $ince the use of various drugsI has always been associated with side effectsI and today +ore efforts to revent disease and also according to different studies on the effectiveness of training rogra+s on various health indicatorsI blood insulin resistance reduce drug use and +ental health has been i+ rovingI the co+ any see+s to +a,e a regular and docu+ented a sta,e in s ort can reduce the co+ lications of diabetesI reducing drug useI +ental health atients will have i+ roved3 6his study deter+ined the i+ act strength and resistance training on he+oglobin *lycoside and glucose in ty e II diabetic atients in EE 9horra+ abad done3 !ethods: 6his Ouasi-ex eri+ental retest osttest designI which is a+ong @G +en with ty e ? diabetes referred to laboratories 9horra+ abadI after screening and interview with ur oseful sa+ ling is done3 'fter the sub=ects co+ leted Ouestionnaires and consent to +edical records rando+ly into three grou s endurance trainingI strength and control grou s3 conditions in research over @G years of age blood sugar >BG-?BGI the absence of any other chronic disease and history of the three s orts Last +onthI stro,eI hy ertensionI diabetes and severe co+ lications were 3333 #efore training of the sub=ects were fasting for E->? hours of blood sa+ ling was erfor+ed3 $trength training and endurance for E wee,s under coach concerned were a lied3 $trength training includes >G +otions for +uscles and for each +ove three to four sets and sets of >G to >? re eats were considered and the rinci le of overload during the eight wee,s follow was3 Endurance exerciseI including running on a tread+ill +achine with a +axi+u+ heart rate was CGR3 Control grou was advised to attend eight wee,s of exercise should not3 'fter the eight-wee, training eriodI and then test (blood test) done3 'ssess+ent data was erfor+ed using $P$$ statistical software3 6he +ean is ( re-testI ost test) of 6 airs was used3 /esults: ?F sub=ects in three grou s of exercises were conducted until the end3 'verage ageI weightI body +ass index and a+ount of drug using in three grou s showed no statistically significant difference ( T G3DC)3 *lycoside he+oglobin in the grou before and after the endurance test showed significant difference ( T G3G?) in grou exercises ower and control showed no significant difference3 .#$ in the endurance grou in ower had a significant relationshi in the control grou showed a significant relationshi 3 Conclusion: 6his study shows endurance training reduces *lycoside he+oglobin levelsI the a+ount of strength trainingI although it did significantly reduce the strength training a ears to cause +ore significant changes are the factors3 9ey 6or+$3 Endurance 5 Strength !raining# !ype II "ia etes# He'oglo in
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CO4PARISON 9NO:LE1<E RATE O* RECO<NITION AN1 PREVENTION 4ANA<E4ENT A<AINST SPORT INJ7RY IN A4ATE7R AN1 PRO*ESSIONAL COLLE<IATE *E4ALE *OOT2ALL PLAYERS !ansooreh 9ari+i>I !o=taba ,ashaniI 'li ChourliI 8a+id /e2a *he2elseflou 0. Higher Education )o'ple- of 8on ad+e <a&ous
A#$%ra"% 6he ur ose of research isI co+ arison ,nowledge rate of recognition and revention +anage+ent against s ort in=ury in '+ator and rofessional collegiate fe+ale football layers3 /esearch statistical sa+ le athletes in football co+ etition on E areal country that a+ong F grou s : D grou s answered ,nowledge in=ury <uestionair 1ang (?GGC)3 /esults of investigation showed that with attention to 6-6est rate between grou sI there is not a significant different a+ong score +ean on two grou s3 'lso in survery of relation between bac,ground athletes with their ,nowledge score with regard to ( valueUG/GB) =ust in variable +anage+ent of athology basics there is significant relationI na+ely3 Increase ex erience lead to athology high score3 9ey 6or+$3 <no(ledge of Pathology# $anage'ent# A'ateur and Professional Athletes
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CO4PARISON O* INJ7RY 4ECHANIS4 IN 2OYJS A4ATE7R EPICAL ATHLETES IN THREE *IEL1S3 TAE9:ON1O, J71O, 97N< *7 $ayed 8a+ed !ousaviI .orough !oeiniI !ohsen *hofrani 9ahedan %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+s of this research were to the co+ arison of the in=ury +echanis+ in the three +artial art field tae,wondoI =udoI ,ung fu !ethods: 6he resent research is the lasting research is the lasting research that has been analysised in=uries in three last +onths3 6he sa+ les of research include F? ,ung fu layersI CB =udo layersI C> tae,wondo layers fro+ $hira2 clubs3 6he sa+ les were selected availability and ur osefully3 &esta+ and other (?GGC) ad=usted Ouestionnaire used to collect data and $ ss software and s? test used to analysis data3 /esults: the results shows that a+ount of ha ened in=uries were in the fields ,ung fu (BB3A ercent)I =udo (?B3@ ercent) and tae,wondo (>F3@ ercent)3 'lsoI the techniOue +ista,e usage in =udo (?@3D ercent) to o onent techniOue +iscue in tae,wondo (@G3@ ercent) and o onent ,noc,down in ,ung fu (?F3F ercent) were ,nown as i+ ortant +echanics of a earing in=ury3 In su+ the a+ount of in=uries of exercise ti+e (EG3C ercent) was significantly +ore than co+ etition (>F3A ercent) ti+e in each of there fields3 &iscussion 5 conclusion: 6he received results in this research indicated the +easure of high revalence of in=ury in ,ung fu to ways of tae,wondo and =udo3 6otal conclusion: ,ung fu is an encounter s ortI nevertheless the ways of tae,wondo were done under the se+i M encounter laws and it has been caused the revalence of fewer in=uries in this way3 $oI the interested ersons are reco++end to enter in to artnershi in the ways of tae,wondo3 9ey 6or+$: !ae3(ondo# @udo# <ung fu
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THE 4ECHANIS4 O* POST7RAL CONTROL A<AINST ANTERIOR S711EN ACCELERATION ON THE 2ASE O* S7PPORT (CO4PARISONS 2ALANCE PER*OR4ANCE O* CO44ON ATHLETES AN1 NOR4AL S72JECTS) :asin 8oseiniI 7ader .arah ourI !ir 8osein &e2foulianI Paol 'lardI 6ey+our Jaafar 7e=adI /e2a &avtalab
A#$%ra"% 'cute in=uries I including trau+atic brain and s inal cord in=uriesI 8i fracture and even death occurring as a result of falls and oor balance3 Clinicians are loo,ing for a suitable way of i+ roving dyna+ic balance through a co++on s ort which could be +ore beneficial3 6he benefits of exercise with res ect to general health can i+ rove balance and revent of falling3 It is interesting to understand how this s ort +odifies the balance erfor+ance3 6he ob=ective of this study was to co+ are the ostural control during a sudden erturbation on individualJs balance by accelerating the base of su ort3 in this study fourteen athlete (age:?F3BDSE3B) and fourteen nonathletic (age:@G3CSD 3F>) artici ant3 6here is significantly different between two grou s in range of +otion of ,nee =oint and hi =oint3 in generally athletes have better balance than nonathletic3 9ey 6or+$3 Atlethes# *alance Perfor'ance# Postural )ontrol
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IS POST7RE O* ELE4ENTARY SCHOOL CHIL1REN ASSOCIATE1 :ITH SOCIO. ECONO4IC STAT7S O* THEIR PARENTSS $hahr2ad HandiI /e2a /a=abi !ehran %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% 6he association of socioecono+ic status ($E$) with health is well-established3 7everthelessI the underlying +echanis+s lin,ing $E$ to adverse health outco+es have yet to be established3 ;e hy othesi2ed that oor osture as a ris, factor in general health would be directly related to $E$ and as suchI eventually influences health3 In ee resentative clustered sa+ le of >GG children aged D->>I ,y hosisI lordosisI head and shoulder osture were exa+ined3 $E$ data was collected fro+ arents3 Poor osture was seen in CER children3 Less osture score diagnosed in children with oor $E$ ( UG3G>I tTG3DCF)3 In logistic regression ( UG3GB)I only @ out of the B esti+ates (8ousehold inco+e: tTG3?AAI !otherJs education: tTG3AAFI .atherJs education: tTG3?DF) were statically significantI while there was no association between social-class of arents and children osture3 6his +ight be the conseOuence of the erce tion that eo le with higher $E$ have better nutritional and hysical activity status and +ore ostural education3 9ey 6or+$3 posture# socio+econo'ic factors# ele'entary school children# postural education# parents
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THE RELATIONSHIP 2ET:EEN ANTHROPO4ETRIC *ACTORS AN1 LE< 47SCLE STREN<TH :ITH STATIC AN1 1YNA4IC 2ALANCE A2ILITY IN *E4ALE ATHLETES $areh $hahheydariI 'li 'sghar 7orastehI 8a+id !ohebbi
A#$%ra"% 6he ai+ of the resent study was to investigate the relationshi between anthro o+etric factors and leg +uscle strength with static and dyna+ic balance ability in fe+ale athletes3 .orty healthy athlete wo+en ( +ean age ?G3BGS@3EC yrsI height >C>3?GSD3?C c+ and weight B@3F>SB3BD ,g) artici ated in this study3 #iacro+ial breadthI biiliac breadthI an,le breadthI static and dyna+ic balance and +axi+u+ unilateral sOuat strength were +easured3 6here was significant and ositive correlation between static balance with an,le breath ( UG3GB)3 'lso there was significant and negative correlation between dyna+ic balance with leg length and biiliac breadth ( UG3GB)3 6he results showed no significant relationshi between static and dyna+ic balance with #iacro+ial breadth and +axi+u+ unilateral sOuat strength ( UG3GB)3 In conclusionI when using the $E#6 or #E$$ for ex eri+ental or clinical ur osesI so+e factors such as an,le breath and biiliac breadth should be attended to allow for a +ore accurate co+ arison of erfor+ance a+ong artici ants3 9ey 6or+$3 Postural )ontrol# An3le Sprain# $odified %nilateral SIuat# Anthropo'etry
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THE RELATIONSHIP 2ET:EEN SO4E ANTHROPO4ETRIC CHARACTERICTICS O* *OOT :ITH 2O1Y :EI<HT AN1 THEIR CO4PARISON IN ATHLETE AN1 NON ATHLETE <RO7P $aeideh &era,hshan>I /e2a /a=abi?I '2ar 'gha :ari> 0. Paya'+e ,oor %ni&ersity 2. !ehran %ni&ersity
A#$%ra"% Lower extre+ity bear the body weightI also it is the lace of hu+an +ove+entsI's result every disorder in its natural status +ay be the result of various factor such as fatness or overweight3 6he ur ose of this study was to research the relation between foot lengthI foot width and height of s hrion fibulare of foot and #!I and co+ aire the+ in athlete and non athlete grou s3 In this studyI?GG high school student girls were used3>GG of the+ had no regular athletic activity and >GG girls had regular athletic activity for at least three years3'fter +easuring their height and weight and write thier ersonal infor+ationIthe characteristics of both of their foot was +easured36he data was analysed by earson correlation test and the inde endent statistical test(6-6est)( UG3GB)Iwith use of s s>A3 'ccording to the results there was a +eaningful relation between anthro o+etric characteristics of foot and #!I3 .urther+ore the research showed that there is no +eaningful difference in foot lenghth and height of s hrion fibulare of foot between athlete and non athlete but ther was +eaningful difference in foot width between two grou s3 6here +ay be different variations in foot structure which fatness and overweight +ay be direct or indirect reason of the+3'lso regular hysical activity and exercise +ay have so+e changes on foot structure because of re eated actionsIbut these change is not too +uch to distinguish athlete and non athlete3 9ey 6or+$3 Anthropo'etric )haracteristics of Foot# *ody $ass# Athlete and nonathlete Students 8irls
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E**ECT O* STATIC STRETCHIN< AN1 LP< SYSTE4 TECHNIF7E ON TREAT4ENT AN1 PREVENT O* 1ELAYE1 ONSET 47SCLE SORENESS 1ahideh 9ian+ar2>I 'fshar Jafari? 0. Paya'+e ,oor %ni&ersity 2. %ni&ersity of !a riz
A#$%ra"% Pur ose: 6his study was done in order to deter+ining effect of static stretching and LP* syste+ techniOue on treat+ent and revent of delayed onset +uscle soreness3!ethods: In order to thirty non-athletic fe+ales \aged ?>3ES>3>B yearsI fat ercent ?@3CFS>3A@ ,gI #!I ?>3DFS>3B? ,g/+ ?] were voluntarily selected and rando+ly assigned to eOual three grou s3 6he stretching grou executed a static stretch of ha+strings +uscle for ?G +in re exercise and >? hours ost exercise3 8old each stretch @G seconds3 $econd grou received >B +in +assaging by LP* syste+ techniOue $C +odel one hour ost exercise3 6hird grou haven Vt any treat+ent3 'll sub=ects erfor+ed @ sets b>B re s (DGR !C1) with curl ha+string syste+ to induce +uscle soreness and >set b?B re s (?GR !C1) for recovery3 Creatine 9inase (C9)I ;#CI ainI thigh circu+ferenceI vertical =u+ I flexibility and +axi+u+ iso+etric strength were +easured at reexercise and ?A hour after exercise3 &ata for each de endent +easure were analy2ed by one way '7%1'3 0sing 6u,ey ost-hoc test where significant differences occurred between and within grou s ( UG3G>)3 /esults: /ange of changes of blood C9 activityI ;#CI ain and thigh circu+ference were significantly decreased after re and ost static stretching and LP* +assage treat+ent ( UG3G>) and range of changes of owerI flexibility and +axi+u+ iso+etric strength were significantly increased after static stretch and LP* +assage treat+ent ( UG3G>)3 ;hile it wasnJt different between static stretch and LP* +assage significantly3 Conclusion: LP* syste+ techniOue is facilitating fluid +ove+ent so it is avoiding intra+uscular ede+a resolution and decrease neutro hil +argination3 LP* +assage is also re+oving blood lactate and increasing circulation3 $tretching before and after exercise caused diffusion tissue ede+a3 6hereforeI re and ost exercise static stretching and LP* syste+ techniOue could decrease cellular da+ages induced by &%!$ and could recover +uscle function3 6his +ay result in a faster recovery fro+ illness or in=ury and a +ore ra id return to nor+al function3 9ey 6or+$: "O$S# static stretching# .P8 syste' techniIue# )<# and 'a-i'u' iso'etric strength
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