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Physical Property Analysis

Physical Properties
A physical property is a property that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the matter.

Examples of Physical Properties:


Volume Surface Area Density Centroid Color Moment of Inertia

Mass
Weight Boiling Point

Odor
Viscosity Melting Point

Temperature
Electric Charge Attraction to magnets

Physical Property Analysis


The size, volume, surface area, and other properties associated with a solid model are often part of the design constraints or solution criteria.

The following are physical properties presented in typical solid modeling programs:
Volume Surface Area Product of Inertia Density Center of Gravity Radii of Gyration Mass Moment of Inertia Principal Axes

Principal Moments Length

Physical Properties
We have already investigated density, volume, and mass/ weight Another important physical property is Surface Area

Surface Area
Surface area is the area of the exterior surface of an object. Surface area is important when determining coatings and heat transfer of a part. Area A = 3 in. x 4 in. = 12 in.
2

B C A D E F

Area B = 4 in. x 8 in. = 32 in.2


Area C = 3 in. x 8 in. = 24 in.2 Area D = 4 in. x 8 in. = 32 in.2 Area E = 3 in. x 8 in. = 24 in.2

Area F = 3 in. x 4 in. = 12 in.2


Surface Area = 136 in.2

Surface Area
Another way to represent the formula for surface area of a rectangular prism is given on the formula sheet

Surface Area
Surface Area = 2 [(8 in.)(4 in.) + (8 in.)(3 in.) + (4 in.)(3 in.)]

= 136 in.2

Formula Sheet

Additional Physical Properties

Center of Gravity
A 3D point where the total weight of the body may be considered to be concentrated. The average location of an object. If an object rotates when thrown it rotates about its center of gravity. An object can be balance on a sharp point placed directly beneath its center of gravity

Centroid
A 3D point defining the geometric center of a solid. Do not confuse centroid with the center of gravity.
The two only exist at the same 3D point when the part has uniform geometry and density.

Principal Axes
The lines of intersection created from three mutually perpendicular planes, with the three planes point of intersection at the centroid of the part.
The X, Y, and Z axes show the principal axes of the ellipsoid.

Physical Properties and 3D Solid Modeling

Physical Properties and 3D Solid Modeling


3D solid modeling software can display physical properties of modeled objects.
In Browser right click on part name Choose iProperties

Physical Properties
3D solid modeling software can display physical properties of modeled objects
In Browser right click on part name Choose iProperties Choose Physical tab Choose appropriate material Depress Update button Physical properties are displayed

Sources
Brodinski, K. G. (1989). Engineering materials properties and selection. Prentice Hall, Inc.: Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Budinski, K. G. (1992). Engineering materials (4th Ed.). Prentice Hall, Inc.: Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Gere, J. M., & Timoshenko, S. P. (1997). Mechanics of materials. PWS Publishing Company: Boston. Lockhart, S. D., & Johnson, C. M. (1999). Engineering design communication: Conveying design through graphics (Preliminary Ed.). Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.: Reading, MA. Madsen, D. A., Shumaker, T. M., Turpin, J. L., & Stark, C. (1994). Engineering design and drawing (2nd Ed.). Delmar Publishers Inc.: Albany.

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