SET 1 KERTAS 3 1. A group of students carried out an experiment to study the anaerobic respiration in yeast.

Sekumpulan pelajar telah mengkaji respirasi anaerob dalam yis. The following steps were carried out. Langkah-langkah berikut telah dijalankan Step 1. Langkah 1 Step 2 Langkah 2 Step 3 Langkah 3 Step 4 Langkah 4 5 ml glucose solution is filled into two boiling tubes. 5 ml larutan glukosa di masukkan ke dalam dua tabung didih. The boiling tubes are labelled A and B Tiub didih tersebut dilabelkan sebagai A dan B 5 ml of yeast suspension is put into the boiling tube A and 5 ml distilled water is put into boiling tube B. 5 ml ampaian yis dimasukkan ke dalam tabung didih A dan 5 ml air suling dimasukkan ke dalam tabung didih B. Paraffin is then added into both boiling tubes. Parafin kemudiannya dimasukkan ke dalam kedua-dua tabung didih tersebut.

Diagram 1.1 shows the set-up of the experiment with the ends of both delivery tubes immersed in test tubes A and B which contain lime water. Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan susunan radas ujikaji tersebut dengan hujung tiub penghantar tenggelam di dalam tabung uji A dan B yang mengandungi air kapur. Delivery tube Delivery tube Thermometers J

Tiub penghantar penghantar

Tiub

Termometer
Stoppers

Test tube A

Boiling tubes

Test tube B

Tabung Uji Tabung uji Tabung A Lime

water Set A

Tabung Didih
Paraffin oil Set B Lime Uji B water

Air Kapur Kapur

Air
5 ml yeast suspension + 5 ml boiled glucose solution 5 ml distilled water + 5 ml boiled glucose solution

5 ml ampaian yis + 5 ml 5 ml air suling + 5 ml Larutan glukos yang didihkan larutan glukos yang dididihkan Diagram 1.1 Rajah 1.1

The thermometer readings and the observations on the lime water were taken at 0 minute and 30 minutes. Bacaan termometer dan pemerhatian terhadap air kapur diambil pada minit 0 dan minit ke 30 Diagram 1.2 shows the observations made on the lime water. Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan pemerhatian terhadap air kapur.

Air Kapur (jernih)

Lime water (clear)

Air Kapur Keruh

Lime water (chalky)

Diagram 1.2 Rajah 1.2

Table 1.3 shows the result of the experiment at 0 minute and 30 minutes. Jadual 1.3 menunjukkan keputusan ujikaji pada minit 0 dan minit ke 30.

Time: 0 minute Set A Set B

40

40

30

30

20

20

Thermometer reading

Thermometer reading ..

Time: 30 minutes

Set A

Set B
C

40

40

30

30

20

20

Thermometer reading .

Thermometer reading .

Table 1.3 Jadual 1.3 (a) State the thermometer readings in the spaces provided in Table 1.3. Nyatakan bacaan termometer dalam ruangan yang disediakan pada Jadual 1.3 [3 marks] (b) (i) Based on Table 1.3, state two observations that can be made on Set A in the experiment. Berdasarkan Jadual 1.3, nyatakan dua pemerhatian yang boleh dibuat terhadap Set A dalam ujikaji. [3 marks] Observation 1 on Set A: / Pemerhatian 1 pada Set A ....... Observation 2 on Set A: / Pemerhatian 2 pada Set A ........ .... 1 (b)
For examiners use

1 (a)

(ii) State the inference for each observation made in (b) (i). Nyatakan inferens yang sepadan dengan pemerhatian di (b) (i) [3 marks] Inference for observation 1 on Set A: Inferens daripada pemerhatian 1 di Set A ...... .. .. Inference for observation 2 on Set A: Inferens daripada pemerhatian 2 di Set A ... ......... . .

(c) Complete Table 1.4 to show the variables involved in the experiment and how the variables are operated. Lengkapkan Jadual 1.4 untuk menunjukkan pembolehubah yang terlibat dalam ujikaji dan bagaimana pembolehubah tersebut dkendalikan. [3 marks] Variables Pembolehubah Manipulated variable: Pembolehubah manipulasi ..... . . Responding variable: Pembolehubah bergerak balas .... Constant variable: Pembolehubah dimalarkan .... .. .. Method to handle the variable Cara mengendalikan pembolehubah .. .. . .

1 (c)

... .. ..

Table 1.4 Rajah 1.4 (d) State the hypothesis for this experiment. Nyatakan hipotesis bagi ujikaji ini. [3 marks] 1 (d)

(e) (i) Construct a table and record the results of the experiment. Bina satu jadual dan rekodkan keputusan ujikaji. [3 marks]

(ii) Explain the relationship between the boiled glucose solution and paraffin oil used in the experiment of the anaerobic respiration process in yeast. Jelaskan perhubungan di antara larutan glukos yang dididihkan dan minyak parafin yang digunakan dalam proses ujikaji respirasi anaerob dalam yis. ....... [3 marks] (f) Following are some of the apparatus and materials used in the experiment. Berikut adalah beberapa radas dan bahan yang digunakan dalam ujikaji.

1 (e)

Yeast suspension, boiled glucose solution, distilled water, thermometers, lime water, and paraffin oil Ampaian yis, larutan glukosa dididihkan, air suling, thermometer, . Air kapur, dan minyak parafin. Categorise the apparatus and materials according to their roles in operating the variables in the experiment. Kategorikan radas dan bahan berdasarkan fungsi dalam mengendalikan pembolehubah semasa ujikaji. [3 marks]

Variable Pembolehubah

Apparatus Radas

Material Bahan 1 (f)

Manipulated Manipulasi

Responding Bergerakbalas Constant Malar

(g) Based on the experiment, define operationally anaerobic respiration. Berdsarkan ujikaji tersebut, beri definisi respirasi anaerob secara operasi. [3 marks] (h) The experiment is repeated by using Set C containing 10 cm3 of yeast suspension and 10 cm3 of boiled glucose solution. Ujikaji tersebut diulang dengan menggunakan Set C yang mengandungi 10 cm3 ampaian yis dan 10 cm3 larutan glukosa didihkan. (i) Predict the readings on the thermometer used in the experiment. Explain your answer. Ramalkan bacaan pada termometer yang digunakan dalam ujikaji. Jelaskan jawapan anda. ........ .... [3 marks] (ii) Explain the time taken for the lime water to change. Terangkan masa yang diambil oleh air kapur untuk berubah. .... [3 marks] 1 (g)

1 (h)

2.

Figure 2 shows a map of the Gelam river running through several areas where there are human activities going on.You are required to investigate the level of water pollution in the river at the locations X,Y and Z.

Animal rearing area

FIGURE 2 Design an experiment to compare the level of water pollution at the three locations . [17 marks ]

ANSWERS
PAPER 3 Question 1 (a) [KB0603 - Measuring Using Numbers] Score Criteria Able to state all the thermometer readings. Answers: Time: 0 minute Set A : 31 C Time: 30 minutes Set A : 37 C Able to state any 3 correctly Able to state any 2 correctly Able to state only 1 correctly / not able to respond / wrong response.

Set B : 29 C Set B : 29 C

2 1 0

(b) (i) [KB0601 - Observation] Score 3 Criteria Able to state any two observations on Set A correctly based on 3 criteria. Criteria: Thermometer time reading comparison Sample answers: Observation 1: At 30 minutes, the thermometer reading is 37 C, higher than at time 0 minute / has increased. Observation 2: At 0 minutes, the lime water has not changed into chalky, compared to 30 minutes. 2 Able to state any one observation correctly, or Able to state any two incomplete observations. [any two criteria from above] Able to state any one idea of observation. Not able to respond or wrong response. Lime water time change comparison

1 0

(b) (ii) [KB0602 - Making Inference] Score 3 Criteria Able to make two logical inferences for each observation based on 3 criteria. Criteria: Thermometer change in temperature heat produced from respiration of yeast / anaerobic respiration Sample answers Observation 1: At 30 minutes, the temperature increased because heat was produced from the respiration of yeast / anaerobic respiration of yeast. Observation 2: At 0 minutes, the CO2 content in the lime water had not increased from the respiration of yeast / anaerobic respiration of yeast. . 2 Able to state any one inference correctly, or Able to state any two incomplete inferences. Able to state any one idea of inference. Not able to respond or wrong response. Lime water change in CO2 produced by yeast from respiration of yeast / anaerobic respiration

1 0

(c) [KB0610 - Controlling Variable] Score Criteria Able to state 5-6 of the variables and ways of operating the variables 3 correctly. Variable Manipulated variable: The presence of yeast Responding variables: Production of heat / increase in temperature, and production of CO2 / change in lime water. Controlled variable: Volume / concentration of boiled glucose solution // Anaerobic condition 2 1 0 Operating the variables How to alter the manipulated variable: Set A with yeast but Set B without yeast. How to determine responding variable Recording the thermometer reading in C, and the change in lime water.

How to maintain the controlled variable: Using the same volume / concentration of boiled glucose solution // Anaerobic condition (for both sets)

Able to state any 3-4 correctly Able to state any 2 correctly Not able to respond or wrong response

(d) [KB0611 - Making Hypothesis] Score Criteria Able to state the hypothesis based on all three criteria correctly. 3 Criteria: V1 : state the manipulated variable. V2 : state the responding variable R : relationship between V1 and V2 Sample answers: Yeast (V1) carries out anaerobic respiration (R) which produced heat / energy and carbon dioxide (V2). 2 Able to state three criteria incorrectly or any two criteria correctly Sample answer: Yeast (V1) carries out anaerobic respiration (R). Yeast (V1) produces heat / energy and carbon dioxide (V2). 1 Able to state hypothesis at idea level only Sample answer: Set A has more heat / energy and carbon dioxide (V2). 0 Not able to respond or wrong response

(e) (i) [KB 0606 - Communicating Skill] Score 3 Criteria Able to construct a table and record all the results of the experiment correctly based on the following criteria. Set / Presence of yeast Thermometer reading with correct unit Change in lime water All three criteria // Any 3 columns are recorded correctly. Any two criteria // Any 2 columns are recorded correctly. Not able to respond or wrong response.

2 1 0

(e) (ii) [KB0608 - Interpreting Data ] Score 3 Criteria Able to explain the relationship between the boiled glucose solution and paraffin oil used in the experiment of the anaerobic respiration process in yeast based on the following criteria. Criteria: F : state the relationship between: (i) boiled glucose solution used with the anaerobic respiration. (ii) paraffin oil used with the anaerobic respiration E: explanation Sample answer: The glucose solution is boiled to remove all the (dissolved) oxygen. Paraffin oil stops oxygen to enter (the solution). Anaerobic respiration occurs in condition without oxygen. 2 1 0 Able to explain the relationship based on any one correct criterion or any two inaccurate criteria. Able to state at idea level only Not able to respond or wrong response

(f) [KB0602 - Classification] Score 3 Criteria Able to categorise all the apparatus and materials correctly according their role in operating the variables in the experiment. Manipulated variable Yeast suspension Distilled water 2 1 0 Responding variable Thermometer Lime water Controlled variable Boiled glucose solution Paraffin oil

Able to categorise the apparatus and materials according to any two variables correctly. Able to categorise the apparatus and materials according to any one variable correctly. Not able to respond or wrong response.

(g) [KB0609 - Define Operationally] Score 3 Criteria Able to define operationally the term anaerobic respiration based on the following criteria. Criteria: C1 Respiration by yeast C2 Anaerobic condition / Condition without oxygen C3 Produce heat and carbon dioxide Sample answer: Anaerobic respiration is a type of respiration carried out by yeast (C1) in the condition without oxygen (C2), which increases the temperature / thermometer reading and turns lime water chalky / produces heat and carbon dioxide (C3). 2 1 0 Able to define operationally the term anaerobic respiration based on any two criteria. Able to define operationally the term anaerobic respiration at idea level only. Not able to respond or wrong response

(h) (i) [KB0605 - Prediction] Score 3 Criteria Able to explain the prediction on the thermometer readings, based on the following criteria. Criteria: C1 Increase / higher than Set A C2 Any reading between 37 60 C C3 More yeast perform anaerobic respiration 2 1 0 Able to explain the prediction on the thermometer readings, based on any two of the criteria. Able to explain the prediction on the thermometer readings, based on any one of the criteria // Able to state at idea level only. Not able to respond or wrong response.

(h) (ii) [KB0607 - Relationship between Space and Time ] Score 3 Criteria Able to explain the time taken for the lime water to turn chalky, based on the following criteria. Criteria: C1 Faster than Set A. C2 More CO2 produced. C3 More yeast performing anaerobic respiration // More yeast and glucose used 2 1 0 Able to explain the time taken for the lime water to change, based on any two of the criteria. Able to explain the time taken for the lime water to change, based on any one of the criteria // Able to state at idea level only. Not able to respond or wrong response

Question 2 Aspect 1. Statement of the problem Criteria / Performance indicator Score 3 Complete as given in the suggested answer 2 The statement shows relationship to the hypothesis 1 At the level of an idea only 3 Complete as given in the suggested answer / able to show the relationship between the manipulated and the responding variable. 2 There is a relatonship between the two variables but not clearly / properly indicated / expressed 1 At the level of an idea only 3 Complete as given in the suggested answer 2 Must include the main apparatus/ materials, at least able to get the results. 1 At the level of an idea only 3 Complete as given in the suggested answer 2 At least must include steps 1, 3,5 and 7 1 At the level of an idea only 3 Should contain the following report titles: from S2 to S8 2 Should at least contain the following report titles : S2, S3,S4, S5 and S7 Should at least contain the following report titles: 1 S3, S5 and S7 2 The variables, technique and tabulation of results are correct 1 Any two of the above aspects are correct.

2. Hypothesis

3. Apparatus / Materials

4. Procedure

5. Planning of investigation

6 Bonus points

Total mark is 17.

No 2 S1

Bhg Suggested answer : Aim / Objective

Fakta / Penerangan

M1

M2

To compare the level of water pollution at different locations of the Gelam river Does water at different locations / places of the Gelam river have different level of pollution? // Is the level of water pollution at different places / locations in Gelam river different? The level of water pollution at different locations / places in the Gelam river is different

S2

Statement of the problem

S3

Hypothesis

S4

Variables: Man. Variable Resp. Variable Water samples at different locations / places / at locations X, Y and Z of Gelam river Comparative value of B.O.D / degree of water pollution at the locations X,Y and Z // Time taken for blue colour (of water) to decolourise / change to colourless Volume of water samples, concentration of methylene blue solution, volume of methylene blue solution ( any one ) Reagent bottles with stopper, dropper / pasteur pipette, stop watch / watch, beakers, syringes 0.1% Methylene blue solution, water samples from locations X, Y and Z. Observing , measuring and comparing the BOD level / level of pollution of water samples// time taken for decolourisation of blue colour of the water samples. 1. Water samples are collected from three different locations / stations X,Y and Z of the Gelam river 2. Water samples from stations X,Y and Z are filled into reagent bottles labelled X, Y and Z respectively ( or any other labels ) 3. A syringe is used to add 1 ml of 0.1% methylene blue solution to the base of each of the reagent bottle . 4. The reagent bottles are closed quickly but do not shake . 5. All the bottles are placed in a dark cupboard and the stopwatch is started/ activated.

Fixed variable

S5

Apparatus Materials

S6

Technique of investigation

S7

Procedure

6. Observe the changes of the blue colour of the water samples from time to time / for every one hour / any other suitable time intervals 7. The time taken for the water samples to turn colourless / decolourise is recorded. 8. The results are recorded in a table. S8 Results
Reagent bottles Locations Time taken for BOD of water methylene blue to (hypothetical) decolourise/ hour

X X Y Y Z Z * not necessary S9 Preconclusion

(lowest)* (average)* (highest)*

The level of water pollution at different places / locations of the Gelam river is different / the highest at Z and the lowest at X // BOD level is the highest at Z, followed by Y and X.