[1]

"Conference proceedings: 2004 ieee 35th annual power electronics specialists conference, pesc04 - olu!e 5," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #5$" %he proceedings contain 13# papers fro! the 2004 &''' 35th (nnual )ower 'lectronics *pecialists Conference, )'*C04 - +olu!e 5" %he topics discussed include: an approach to tor,ue ripple co!pensation for high perfor!ance )-*- ser o s.ste!/ digital control of a oltage source in erter in photo oltaic applications/ ser o s.ste! with a ,uasi-direct con erter/ design of !ultiple-reference-fra!e )& controller for power con erters and feasi0ilit. stud. on one c.cle control for )1- switched con erters"

[2]

"Conference proceedings: 2004 iee 35th annual power electronics specialists conference, pesc04: +olu!e 2," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #$2" %he proceedings contains 143 papers fro! the conference on 2004 &''' 35th (nnual )ower 'lectronics *pecialists Conference, )'*C45: +olu!e 2" %he topics discussed include: e6peri!ental alidation of an opti!i7ed pie7oelectric transfor!er design with interlea ing of electrodes/ an auto!ated design s.ste! for switching power regulators/ opti!i7ation of stranded-wire windings and co!parison with 8it7 wire on the 0asis of cost loss/ fre,uenc. response anal.sis for switching con erters in *)&C' without a eraging/ and anal.tical !odel for !agnetic co!ponents including self-heating effects"

[3]

"Conference proceedings: 2004 ieee 35th annual power electronics specialists conference, pesc04 - olu!e 4," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #10" %he proceedings contain 130 papers fro! the 2004 &''' 359sup:th9;sup: (nnual )ower 'lectronics *pecialists Conference )'*C<phi/4 - +olu!e 4" %opics discussed include: short-ti!e 0ac=uppower for !ains-fed >C-lin=s 0. dou0le la.er capacitors/ output i!pedance perfor!ance for parallel operation of ?)* in erters using wireless and a erage current-sharing controllers/ a new !ethod for threephase oltage detection and protection/ a oltage and fre,uenc. droop control !ethod for parallel in erters/ safe controlled islanding of in erter 0ased distri0uted generation and design co!parison and control of !ediu! oltage *%(%C4- with no el twin con erter topolog."

[4]

"Conference proceedings: 2004 ieee 35th annual power electronics specialists conference, pesc 04 - olu!e 1," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #2#" %he proceedings contain 132 papers fro! the conference on 2004 &''' 35th (nnual )ower 'lectronics *pecialists )'*C<phi/4- olu!e 1" %he topics discussed include: !otor dri e technolog.histor. and isions for the future/ future of power se!iconductors/ power electronics and alternati e energ. generation/ dual currrent-!ode control for single-switch two-output switching power con erters/ a ripple theore! for )1- dc-to-dc con erters operating in continous conduction !ode and a no el control for twostage dc;dc con erter with fast d.na!ic response"

[5]

"Conference proceedings: 2004 ieee 35 9su0:th9;su0: annual power electronics specialists conference, pesc04 - olu!e 3," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 13#5" %he proceedings contain 121 papers fro! the 2004 &''' 359sup:th9;sup: (nnual )ower electronics *pecialists Conference, )'*C<phi/4 - +olu!e 3" %he topics discussed include: winding loss fro! an air-gap/ >-@ !odels for resonant con erters/ %A&(C di!!a0le electronic 0allast with la!p power e,uali7ation/ a control &C for electronic 0allast with !i6ed !ode e6citation/ an &C-less di!!a0le electronic 0allast for fluorescent la!ps and parallel connection of pie7oelectric transfor!ers"

[2]

"Conference proceedings: 2004 ieee 359sup:th9;sup: annual power electronics specialists conference, pesco4 - olu!e 2," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #54"

%he proceedings contains 12# papers fro! the conference on 2004 &''' 359sup:th9;sup: (nnual )ower 'lectronics *pecialist Conference, )'*C44 - +olu!e 2" %he topics discussed include: 7erooltage-switching !ulti-resonant three-le el con erters/ !ultiple fre,uenc. !odeling of high fre,uenc. resonant in erter s.ste!/ new integration concept of au6iliar. co!!utation circuits: B+% case stud./ power processing issues for !icro-power electrostatic generators/ integrated dri er suppl. with CD'% as a ElinearE regulator/ a solder 0u!ping interconnect technolog. for high-power de ices and concepts for high pac=aging and integration efficienc." [3] C" (00ate, F" Gusatto, A" -an7o, 8" Dratelli, G" Cascone, F" Fiannini, and D" &annu77o, "'6peri!ental opti!isation of high power ig0t !odules perfor!ances wor=ing at the edges of their safe operating area," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 25##" (n e6peri!ental characteri7ation of new 3300+ - 1200( &FG% !odules 0oth at high te!perature and for output currents 0e.ond *4(, at turn-off and in short circuit conditions, is presented" -oreo er a new dri ing strateg. that i!pro es, in co!parison with con entional dri ing !ethods, &FG% turn-on on inducti e load, in ter!s of power dissipation, is reported" Aesults de!onstrate that, in principle, it is possi0le to operate at larger current than AG*4( li!its and at te!perature of 145<deg/C" (s regard turn-on operation, up to 33H dissipated energ. reduction can 0e o0tained with the inno ati e on-gate control" (ll the e6peri!ental stud. has 0een perfor!ed 0. !eans of a non-destructi e e6peri!ental set-up, where &FG% !odules are switched in presence of a protection circuit that is a0le to pre ent de ice failure at the occurrence of an. possi0le insta0le 0eha iour" [#] C" (00e. and F" Coos, "&ntegration of energ. storage with a dou0l.-fed induction !achine for wind power applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1$24" %he dou0l.-fed induction !achine has 0een shown to 0e a popular choice for wind power generators due to the desira0le features of aria0le speed operation, reduced con erter si7e and the a0ilit. to control the real and reacti e output power" Dor this topolog., reacti e power co!pensation can 0e supplied fro! 0oth the suppl. side and rotor side con erters and thus has the potential to pro ide oltage support (ddition of an energ. storage ele!ent on the dc lin= can help to i!pro e transient sta0ilit. of the s.ste! as well as ena0le a greater le el of control o er the real power output" %he storage ele!ent can 0e used to s!ooth the generatorEs power output 0. inIecting real power under low wind conditions and storing energ. during high wind conditions" %he design of the proposed s.ste! and the control is presented and its feasi0ilit. is supported using its representation in '-%)-A+" [$] (" F" (0o-Jhalil, >"-C" 8ee, and C"-J" *eo=, "+aria0le speed wind power generation s.ste! 0ased on fu77. logic control for !a6i!u! output power trac=ing," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 203$" %his paper proposes a aria0le speed control sche!e of grid-connected wind power generation s.ste! using cage-t.pe induction generators, which is 0ased on a fu77. logic control" %he induction generator is operated in indirect ector control !ode, where the d-a6is current controls the e6citation le el and the ,-a6is current controls the generator tor,ue, 0. which the speed of the induction generator is controlled according to the ariation of the wind speed in order to produce the !a6i!u! output power" %he generated power flows into the utilit. grid through the 0ac=-to-0ac= )1- con erter" %he grid-side con erter controls the dc lin= oltage and the line-side power factor 0. the ,-a6is and the d-a6is current control, respecti el." '6peri!ental results are shown to erif. the alidit. of the proposed sche!e" [10] (" (" (0oulnaga and (" '!adi, "&ntegrated !agnetic 0ifred con erter with lower inter!ediate capacitor oltage," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1551" %he Goost &ntegrated Dl.0ac= Aectifier;'nerg. storage >C;>C KG&DA'>L con erter is !ainl. used to achie e a high input power factor and input-to-output isolation" %he use of this topolog. is li!ited 0ecause of the high >C 0us oltage on the internal-energ. storage capacitor and conse,uentiall. high oltage stress on the pri!ar. side se!iconductors" %his paper presents a !odified integrated !agnetic

G&DA'> con erter topolog., na!el. 0i-fl.0ac= con erter, with lower oltage stress" -oreo er, the !agnetic integration of the !agnetic co!ponents reduces the o erall cost, weight, and pac=aging si7e" *i!ulation results as well as e6peri!ental ersifications for 0asic and !odified topologies are presented" [11] (" (" (0oulnaga and (" '!adi, ")erfor!ance e aluation of the isolated 0idirectional cu= con erter with integrated !agnetics," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1553" &n this paper, an isolated 0idirectional >C;>C Cu= con erter featuring high power densit., 7ero input;output current ripples, and s.!!etrical design is presented" %he !agnetic co!ponents of the con erter, which include the input inductor, the output inductor, and the isolation transfor!er, are asse!0led together in one !agnetic structure" %he !agnetic asse!0l. is !odeled and designed using the F.rator-Capacitor KF-CL approach" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental results are presented to erif. the con erter perfor!ance in 0oth forward and 0ac=ward !odes of operation" %he effect of the switching fre,uenc. on the percentage current ripples is discussed" [12] C" (" (0u-@ahou,, M" -ao, M" C" (l-(trash, and &" Gatarseh, "-a6i!u! efficienc. point trac=ing K!eptL !ethod and dead ti!e control," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3300" (dapti e control !ethod, to 0e called -a6i!u! 'fficienc. )oint %rac=ing K-')%L, is presented in this paper" %his !ethod trac=s the s.ste! efficienc., which is a >C->C con erter here, and opti!i7es adapti el. s.ste! para!eters to !a6i!i7e the efficienc." -')% !ethod is used in this paper to opti!i7e the pri!ar.-to-secondar. switches dead ti!e para!eter in an isolated topolog. to pre ent switches 0od. diodes conduction during freewheeling periods and reduces 0od. diodes conduction related losses in order to i!pro e the efficienc." -')% trac=s the con erter efficienc. while changing the dead ti!e and detects the opti!i7ed dead ti!e alue at the !a6i!u! efficienc. point at different load and line conditions" &n this paper, the -')% !ethod is discussed, anal.7ed, and digital control algorith! and i!ple!entation are presented" [13] C" (" (0u-@ahou,, M" -ao, and &" Gatarseh, "(lternated dut. c.cle control !ethod for half-0ridge dc-dc con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 13#" ( control !ethod, na!el., (lternated >ut. C.cle K(>CL control, is presented in this paper" %his !ethod can achie e soft-switching for at least one switch of the two half-0ridge switches" 1hen softswitching can 0e onl. achie ed for one switch, (>C control alternates the soft-switching reali7ation 0etween the two switches so that each switch will 0e soft-switched during half of the ti!e and hardswitched during the other half, =eeping e,ual power losses distri0ution 0etween the switches" -oreo er, an. as.!!etr. in the dut. c.cle will not cause as.!!etric co!ponents stresses or transfor!er >C 0ias when (>C control is used" %heoretical anal.sis and i!ple!entation are presented along with e6peri!ental results" [14] C" (cero, C" -" Gurdio, 8" (" Garragan, >" Na arro, and *" 8lorente, "'!i i!pro e!ents using the switching fre,uenc. !odulation in a resonant in erter for do!estic induction heating appliances," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 310#" &n this paper the spread-spectru! techni,ue is applied to a resonant half-0ridge in erter for do!estic induction heating in order to i!pro e the 'lectro!agnetic &nterference K'-&L" %his techni,ue has 0een successfull. applied in *witching -ode )ower *upplies K*-)*L" %wo different switching fre,uenc. !odulation strategies are tested and the influence of different !odulation para!eters is anal.sed" Goth si!ulation and e6peri!ental test 0ench including in erter and !easuring instru!entation are presented" %he si!ulated instru!ents and detectors are 0ased on ho!od.ne recei er" Dinall. e6peri!ental !easures are co!pared with si!ulation results" [15] +" F" (gelidis, "&ntroducing power electronics technologies into the aerospace engineering undergraduate

curriculu!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 231$" )ower electronics technologies will pla. a ital role in the aerospace industr. in the .ears to co!e and all e!erging technologies are alread. an i!portant part of the industr. either at A and > or in !an. cases production le el" &t is recognised that aerospace engineering and a ionics students need to 0e aware of these technologies and in a position to wor= as a tea! !e!0er with de elop!ent of power electronics technologies addressing specific needs" %he paper discusses pioneering initiati es underta=en and the newl. introduced course of power electronics and related technologies into the undergraduate aerospace engineering curriculu! at the ?ni ersit. of Flasgow, ?J" %he arious co!ponents of the course are descri0ed in detail, along with the la0orator. progra!!e which is 0ased on a "closed-loop" approach for the understanding of the arious concepts" %he iews of the students regarding their e6periences, especiall. in the la0orator. en iron!ent, are criticall. discussed" [12] M" (=agi and *" %a!ura, "( passi e e!i filter for an adIusta0le-speed !otor dri en 0. a 400- three-le el diode-cla!ped in erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #2" %his paper deals with a passi e '-& filter designed for a 400-+, 15-=1 induction !otor dri en 0. a three-le el diode-cla!ped )1- in erter with a carrier fre,uenc. of # =M7" %he '-& filter consists of a co!!on-!ode filter and a s!all-si7ed d ;dt reduction circuit" %he co!!on-!ode filter is uni,ue in ter!s of access to the !otor neutral point" &t can re!o e the co!!on-!ode oltage produced 0. the in erter fro! the !otor ter!inals" %his succeeds in eli!inating 0oth high-fre,uenc. !otor shaft oltage and ground lea=age current fro! the in erter-dri en !otor" %he ia0ilit. and effecti eness of the '-& filter is erified 0. e6peri!ental results e en in the case that the !otor is 100 ! awa. fro! the in erter" [13] '" (larcon, F" +illar, *" Derrande7, D" FuinIoan, and (" )o eda, "Aipple-reduction tuned filtering switching power con erter topolog.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 333$" %his paper presents a low-ripple topolog. for switching power con erters that appro6i!ates the ideal ripple-free a eraged d.na!ics 0. !eans of reacti e passi e tuned filters" %he low-ripple characteristics can 0e ta=en ad antage of to either i!pro e the suita0ilit. of the switching power con erter to suppl. ripple-sensiti e loads, or to reduce the alue of the con erter !ain filtering capacitor" %he wor= e6plores this second propert. in the conte6t of pursuing further !iniaturi7ation and particularl. on-chip circuit integration of a switching power con erter" '6peri!ental results for a low fre,uenc. protot.pe de!onstrate the functionalit. of the proposed low-ripple topolog., showing in particular a reduction of a factor of se en for the !ain capacitor in the con erter" [1#] (" N" (lcaso and (" C" -" Cardosa, "(s.!!etrical operation of a twel e-pulse lci dri e s.ste! with power con erter faults," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 433#" %his paper presents a stud. concerning the operation of a twel e-pulse 8C& dri e s.ste! after the occurrence of an open-switch fault in the line-side power con erters" %his t.pe of fault introduces har!onics in the currents and in the electro!agnetic tor,ue, which nor!all. donEt e6ist, degrading the operation of the dri e" &n order to i!pro e the fault. operation, a co!pensated !ode using an as.!!etrical triggering of the se!iconductors in the health. con erter is proposed" %his results in a !ini!i7ation or e en eli!ination of so!e low order har!onics in the >C oltage and a s!oothed >C lin= current and electro!agnetic tor,ue" '6peri!ental results are presented to alidate the proposed solution and co!pared with co!pensating sche!es of the se,uential triggering t.pe" %he !ain o0Iecti e of this stud. is to introduce fault-tolerance and sur i a0ilit. characteristics to this high-power adIusta0le speed !otor dri e, therefore increasing its relia0ilit. and a aila0ilit." [1$] G" (llard, *" %rochut, O" 8in-*hi, and C"--" Aetif, "Control design for integrated switch-!ode power supplies: ( new challengeP" in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference,

2004, pp" 44$2" Mard switching >C;>C con erters ha e 0een studied for decades" -an. control techni,ues ha e 0een reported, and te6t0oo=s detail so-called classical control design !ethods" %he Guc= con erter is =nown as a si!ple topolog. of satisf.ing sta0ilit." Mowe er the !onolithic integration of a 0uc= con erter including the control s.ste! leads to a possi0le non-sta0le con erter in case of large load transient -ore generall. it is difficult to certif. the accurac. of the control s.ste!" &ntegrated switch-!ode power supplies needs to 0e in estigated focusing control design issues" Flo0al efficienc. dictates to li!it the 0udgets in 0iasing current of control loops, hence li!its their 0andwidth" (!ong others, this latter li!itation renders the classical control design !ethods non satisf.ing" %he paper in estigates the control design challenge related to integration of switch-!ode power supplies K*-)*sL" (pplications are discussed fro! si!ulation point-of- iew" )articularl. a trade-off !ust 0e set 0etween control accurac. and perfor!ances on load transients" (s it is not possi0le to specif. the worst-case load transient, classical control design !ethods do not offer satisf.ing results" (lternati e control design !ethods are in estigated" *ensiti it. transfer functions are introduced and an application !ethod is detailed" M.0rid s.ste! !ethods are also in estigated and their application is discussed" %he design of integrated *-)*s re,uires ade,uate !odifications of C('-tools and design flows" [20] D" (longe, D" >E&ppolito, D" -" Aai!ondi, and *" %u!!inaro, "&dentification of a ha!!erstein !odel for dc;dc con erters operating in cc!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 33$#" %his paper deals with a !ethod for identification of a Ma!!erstein !odel of >C->C con erters operating in continuous conduction !ode KCC-L" %his !odel has the dut. c.cle and the output oltage as input and output, respecti el./ it consists of a static nonlinearit. and a linear and ti!e-in ariant !odel" %he ai! of the !odeling the s.ste! 0. !eans of a Ma!!erstein !odel is due to its capa0ilit. of descri0ing the con erter in a range of stead.-state operating points instead of a desired well defined operating point as occurs for the s!all-signal !odels which are the !ore co!!on !athe!atical description to approach the stud. of the con erters the!sel es" %he nonlinear characteristic of the Ma!!erstein !odel is constructed 0. deter!ining a certain nu!0er of its input-output couples using the results of !easures carried out at the stead.-state for constant inputs" %he linear !odel is identified using results of a transient corresponding to a suita0le two- alues )AG* se,uence whose alues are chosen a!ong the a0o e input-output couples of the nonlinearit." %he identification of the Ma!!erstein !odel is carried out using e6peri!ents carried out in )*pice en iron!ent" [21] *" (!arir and J" (l-Maddad, "( new approach to anal.7e the o er oltages due to the ca0le lengths and e!i on adIusta0le speed dri e !otors," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3$24" %his paper presents a new !odel allowing the e aluation of the o er oltages caused 0. the length of the ca0les feeding !otors dri en 0. )1--controlled +*&" %his !odel is ela0orated using the !o0ile-wa e theor." ( full !athe!atical anal.sis of the oltage at the !otor ter!inals is de eloped ta=ing into account in erter output oltage rise and fall ti!es and ca0le length effect" %he esta0lished !odel is alidated 0. si!ulation, using -atla0;*i!ulin= software" '6peri!entation is also carried out on a 5 J+( industrial protot.pe" %his paper gi es also a practical approach of the !odel in order to coordinate the (dIusta0le *peed >ri e (*> s.ste!s with their feeding ca0les" -oreo er, it presents a prospect e6tending this application to the treat!ent of '-& pro0le!s" %his is possi0le since we can !odel electro!agnetic couplings as induced oltage and current generators" *o, the propagation of the electro!agnetic noise can 0e studied using the sa!e principle of the !o0ile-wa e theor. in the circuits !ade up of !ulti-conductor ca0les" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental results are shown to alidate so!e of the theoretical concept proposed" [22] A" (!ro, C" 8ut7, and (" 8inde!ann, ")ower c.cling with high te!perature swing of discrete co!ponents 0ased on different technologies," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 25$3"

1e present the results of power c.cling tests of transfer !olded, >CG and copper 0ased power co!ponents at te!perature swings up to 155J" %he results of the >CG 0ased co!ponents are statisticall. anal.sed with 1ei0ull distri0ution" (n (nal.sis of the co!ponents after the tests pro ide an o er iew on the failure !echanis!s" %he results of the >CG 0ased, transfer !olded co!ponents e6ceed the e6pectations 0ased on e6trapolation of 8'*&% results" [23] -" (" )" (ndrade, 8" *chuch, and C" A" )inheiro, "Fenerali7ed switching logic sche!e for cc!-pfc interlea ed 0oost con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2353" %his paper presents an i!pro e!ent in the operation of the interlea ed 0oost )DC achie ed 0. a new switching logic sche!e" &n this techni,ue, the choice of the operation !ode is defined 0. the alue of the dut. c.cle of the con erter, which does not depend on the relationship 0etween input and output oltages" %he new switching logic sche!e =eeps the input current ripple !ini!u! through the appropriate phase shifting of the co!!and signals" %he concept of the switching logic sche!e is e6tended to n cells" Goth the switching logic algorith! and the i!pact of nu!0er of cells under input current ripple are discussed" '6peri!ental results of a con entional 0oost and an interlea ed 0oost con erter with two cells are co!pared" [24] (" (nger!ann, (" Coerg, %" )atri, and >" *chroeder, ">ecentrali7ed self-tuning o0ser ers for processing plants with continuous !o ing we0s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 45$1" %his paper presents two different decentrali7ed self-tuning o0ser ers for the esti!ation of states and distur0ances in processing plants with continuous !o ing we0s, which are highl. co!ple6 !echatronic s.ste!s" %he !ain pro0le! in the control for continuous processing plants is to control the we0 tension force, a er. i!portant technological para!eter, 0ut no sensors are allowed" ?sing onl. the !easura0le !otor speed, the o0ser ers de eloped pro ide the correct esti!ation of the we0 tension force in face of the two nonlinear, ti!e- ariant distur0ances !odulus of elasticit. and friction tor,ue" *ince the distur0ances act on the sa!e processing state, the. !ust 0e identified separatel." Goth self-tuning o0ser ers are 0ased on the classical 8uen0erger distur0ance o0ser er concept 0ut i!pro e this concept 0. intelligentl. utili7ing the stead. state infor!ation after a reference ariation" %hus, the draw0ac=s of the classical 8uen0erger concept are o erco!e and the range of application of we0 tension force o0ser ers is e6tended to processing plants where !odulus of elasticit. and friction tor,ue are un=nown" Durther!ore the re,uire!ents for the power electronic de ices and dri es due to the nonlinear control are discussed" [25] +" -" '" (ntunes, C" D" *il a, and +" Dernao )ires, "'6peri!ental e aluation of a digital !ulti-le el audio power a!plifier," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1135" %his paper presents the e6peri!ental e aluation of all-digital audio power a!plifiers co!0ining a !ulti-le el in erter K$ le elsL and the Narrow )ulse 'li!ination %echni,ue KN)'L" %his techni,ue re!o es the narrow pulses generated 0. con entional )1- !odulators, reducing the distortion introduced 0. the non-ideal switching ti!es of the power switches" 1ith N)' the resolution of the generated )1- is no longer li!ited 0. the switching speed of the output switches, 0ut onl. 0. the digital circuitr. fre,uenc." %he use of the !ulti-le el in erter with N)' frees the a!plifier fro! an. =ind of feed0ac=, allowing %M>QN 0etter than 0"25H at #0H of the !a6i!u! power output, and noise floor at110dG" [22] +" (nunciada and G" Gorges, ")ower factor correction in single phase ac-dc con ersion: Control circuits for perfor!ance opti!i7ation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3335" (C->C con ersion with power factor correction !a. use se eral well =nown power circuits K0oost, half-0ridge and full-0ridgeL, or so!e single stage con erters, in the case of switch !ode power

supplies" (ll of the! present the sa!e control pro0le!: an accurate control of the input current and the si!ultaneous control of the oltage across the energ. storage capacitor" %he control of the oltage at the storage capacitor presents a high response ti!e or a reduced gain, in order to a oid a significant distortion of the input current, with a do!inant har!onic at the dou0le of line fre,uenc." &n the case of switch !ode power supplies, the storage capacitor is designed to perfor! a re,uired stand-on ti!e and, conse,uentl., is 0ul=. and e6pensi e" %his paper presents a sur e. of the !ore recent pulse width !odulators used in the )DC circuits, na!el. ?C& !odulators and the design o0Iecti es of those control circuits and their !ain li!itations" &t is also presented a new techni,ue for capacitor oltage sa!pling that per!it an i!portant reduction of the response ti!e of the oltage regulators" %he sta0ilit. conditions for )& regulators with sa!pled feed0ac= are presented" '6peri!ental results o0tained with a full-0ridge single stage con erter are also presented" [23] -" (ra0, '" 8a0oure, and D" Costa, ">esign of an integrated inductor-transfor!er lt co!ponent for power electronic applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4#21" %his paper gi es an o er iew of the opti!i7ation progra! de eloped to !ini!i7e the olu!e of an integrated !agnetic passi e co!ponent, designed for a switch !ode power suppl." %he design procedures and the opti!i7ation pro0le! for!ulation are presented" ( stud. of integrated co!ponent !agnetic and ther!al 0eha iors is carried out with a finite-ele!ent software" %he results su0stantiate the design" >e!onstrators ha e 0een reali7ed using a !ultila.er planar technolog." Co!parisons with e6peri!ental results are !ade" [2#] 8" (si!inoaei, A" %eodorescu, D" Glaa0Ierg, and ?" Gorup, "&!ple!entation and test of on-line e!0edded grid i!pedance esti!ation for p -in erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 30$5" New and stronger power ,ualit. re,uire!ents are issued due to the increase a!ount of photooltaic K)+L installations" &n this paper different !ethods are used for continuous grid !onitoring" G. inIecting a non-characteristic har!onic current and !easuring the grid oltage response it is possi0le to e aluate the grid i!pedance directl. 0. the )+-in erter, pro iding a fast and low cost i!ple!entation" %his principle theoreticall. pro ides a correct result of the grid i!pedance 0ut when using it into the conte6t of )+ integration, different i!ple!entation issues strongl. affect the ,ualit. of the results" %his paper presents a new i!pedance esti!ation !ethod including t.pical i!ple!entation pro0le!s encountered and it also presents adopted solutions for on-line grid i!pedance !easure!ent" )ractical tests on an e6isting )+in erter alidate the chosen solutions" [2$] C" (" (su!adu and '" Mo, "( !ulti aria0le fu77. logic controller K!flcL for a 0uc= dc-dc con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3330" %his paper descri0es the design and construction of a !ulti aria0le fu77. controller K-D8CL for the control of a dc-dc 0uc= con erter" (n off-the-shelf hardware-0ased -D8C s.ste! has 0een de eloped that is used to !odel the aria0le switching structure of the 0uc= con erter" %he -D8C design criterion is 0ased on the error in output oltage and the change of error in the output oltage as inputs of the controller, and the changes in the dut. c.cle ratio as output of the controller" %he error and change of error are two !e!0ership functions 0ounded in the inter al [0, 1R" %he two inputs ha e two fu77. su0sets, negati e fu77. su0set N and positi e fu77. su0set )" %he output is !ade up of fu77. su0sets of singletons" &t will 0e shown that when the error and change of error ha e the sa!e signs, the output !o es awa. fro! a set point and therefore the sa!e reasoning or rules can 0e used to change the output" %he results will show that the -D8C techni,ue pro ides ro0ust control for non-linear power electronics aria0le switching structure li=e the dc-dc 0uc= con erter" [30] C" (ttaianese, +" Nardi, and F" %o!asso, "'lectro!agnetic self-co!pati0ilit. of power con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 320$"

&n this paper, a detailed anal.sis on '-& effects of power con erters is perfor!ed" &n particular, the self-co!pati0ilit. pro0le! of con erters, i"e" distur0ance-i!!unit. interactions a!ong all the power and control circuits inside the con erter structure, is ta=en into account" %he ai! is to esta0lish the !a6i!u! allowa0le distur0ance le el for the internal digital circuits, which allows to a oid false switching or static failure" %hese fault operations occur when the electro!agnetic interference, usuall. co!ing fro! the power section of the con erter, has an a!plitude which gi e rise to undesired changes of state of the logic signals" (s e6a!ple, a -4*D'% 0ased dc;dc con erter has considered" &n particular, the power circuit has 0een anal.sed in ter!s of e!ission, while the control digital circuit in ter!s of i!!unit." (n e6peri!ent set-up has 0een asse!0led and tested in an anechoic cha!0er" *o!e results of the detailed selfco!pati0ilit. anal.sis are reported in this paper" [31] M" (wad and D" Glaa0Ierg, "-itigation of oltage swells 0. static series co!pensator," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3505" *wells and o er oltages can cause o erheating, tripping or e en destruction of industrial e,uip!ent such as !otor dri es and control rela.s" %his paper in estigates the possi0ilit. of e!plo.ing the *tatic *eries Co!pensator K**CL to !itigate oltage swells;o er oltages" &n the case of oltage swells, acti e power !a. 0e drawn fro! the grid into the energ.-storage capacitor K'*CL of the **C, depending on the load current and the **C i!pedance" %his acti e power !a. o ercharge the '*C" %wo possi0ilities to o erco!e this situation are e6plored in this paper: 1L if the dc- oltage of the '*C is lower than a predeter!ined oltage le el, the acti e power is e!plo.ed to charge the '*C to this oltage le el/ 2L otherwise, the o er oltage protection of the **C !ust operate" %his paper also applies an o er oltage protection sche!e 0ased on a co!0ination of a dc resistor with a chopper and the al es of the **C" %he design of the dc resistor is discussed" ( 10 =+ **C e6peri!ental setup is e6ploited to carr. out e6peri!ents in the case of 0alanced and un0alanced oltage swells at the grid side" [32] *" (77opardi, C" -" +inassa, '" 1oirgard, C" Bardini, and C" 8" (ucouturier, "1hat can 0e the opti!u! ig0t structure under uis operationP" in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2$$$" Dor inducti e load, ?&* conditions occur when the freewheeling diode in parallel with the load has Iust 0een destro.ed" %he energ. stored in the inductor can not disappear instantaneousl., hence, the associated transistor is su0!itted to high oltage and high current si!ultaneousl." Gased on pre ious studies, we anal.7e and tr. to su! up what can 0e the opti!u! &FG% structure for ?&* operation" %he influence of the de ice oltage rating, the 0uffer la.er Kpunch-through and non punch-throughL and the carrier lifeti!e Kfast and ultra fastL are in estigated 0. the help of intensi e !easure!ents" *i!ulation results allow to point out the !ain draw0ac= of the punch-through structure" [33] *" 8" Gaciu, *" %ra0elsi, G" (!lang, and 1" *chu!acher, "8in erter a low-har!onic and high-0andwidth in erter 0ased on a parallel !ultile el structure," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3$23" *witched !ode power con erters are the =e. ele!ent in !odern dri e s.ste!s" Mowe er due to their operating principle 0ased on pulse-width !odulation, there are so!e disad antages for using con erters as their functionalit. is restricted and additional stress is caused to the en iron!ent and to the !otors the. dri e" %he !ain )ro0le!s in this regard are the additional har!onic losses, 0earing currents, au6iliar. stress of the winding insulation and pollution 0. acoustic as well as electro!agnetic noise" Considering these issues a new in erter circuit has 0een de eloped in order to !ini!i7e these undesira0le effects" %he suggested circuit is 0ased upon a parallel !ultile el 0ridge structure" %he load current is shared e,uall. 0etween the parallel 0ridge ar!s and the single in erter legs are decoupled 0. !eans of co!!on !ode cho=es" %hus the currents of the different legs flow !agneticall. co!pensated towards the output" %herefore it is possi0le to carr. high load currents e en 0. using er. s!all inducti e co!ponents" G. appl.ing an appropriate pulse pattern to trigger the 0ridge transistors, a significant suppression of har!onics in the output is o0tained" (n additional da!ping effect can 0e o0tained 0. using output capacitors, so that essentiall. onl. the desired funda!ental wa e re!ains in the output signal"

[34]

1"-*" Gai=, -"-M" Ji!, N"-M" Ji!, and >"-M" Ji!, ")osition sensorless control s.ste! of sr! using neural networ=," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3431" %his paper presents a position sensorless control s.ste! of *witched Aeluctance -otor K*A-L using Neural Networ=" %he control of an *A- depends on the co!!utation of the stator phases in s.nchronis! with the rotor position" %he position sensing re,uire!ent increases the o erall cost and co!ple6it." &n this paper, the current-flu6-rotor position loo= -up ta0le 0ased position sensorless operation of a *A- is presented" Neural Networ= is used to construct the current-flu6-rotor position loo=up ta0le, and is trained 0. sufficient e6peri!ental data" '6peri!ental results for a 1-hp *A- is presented for the erification of the proposed sensorless algorith!"

[35]

-" -" Ga=ran, M" F" 'c=el, )" 'c=ert, M" Fa!0ach, and ?" 1en=e!ann, "Co!parison of !ulti-s.ste! traction con erters for high-power loco!oti es," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2$3" %he european railwa.s are characteri7ed 0. a wide range of suppl. oltage s.ste!s" %o allow fle6i0el operation of electrical loco!oti es and short stops at s.ste! 0orders, !ulti-s.ste! loco!oti es are necessar." %he paper gi es a co!parison of different solutions for !ulti-s.ste! con erters and introduces the !ost pro!ising concept 0ased on the latest high-power &FG% technolog."

[32]

*" Gala, N" )atel, and G" F" Dernandes, "Aeduced-switch three-phase acti e power filter with one c.cle control," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2333" %his paper presents a design for a three phase acti e power filter using a reduced switch KG4L topolog. and one-c.cle control" %he G4 topolog. offers the ad antage of reduced cost and 0ridge losses at the e6pense of increased >C-side oltage and de ice stress" %his design also pro ides the ad antages associated with one-c.cle control" %his constant fre,uenc. switching techni,ue re,uires neither load +(A calculation nor reference wa efor! generation and the control circuit is si!ple" %hrough anal.sis and si!ulations, the feasi0ilit. of the design and essential differences fro! a si!ilar design reported in the literature are e6a!ined" ( la0orator. protot.pe has also 0een 0uilt and the e6peri!ental filter is a0le to co!pensate low power factor loads and suppress har!onic currents"

[33]

*" Galachandran, %" )" Chow, (" (garwal, 1" %ipton, and *" *co77ie, "Fu!!el-poon !odel for 1"#= sic high- oltage 0ipolar Iunction transistor," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2$$4" %he Fu!!el-)oon !odel, which has 0een e6tensi el. used to !odel *ilicon GC%s, is applied to characteri7e the static and d.na!ic perfor!ance of a 1"#=+, 0"3 ( 4M-*iC epita6ial-e!itter power GC%" %he !odel para!eters of the static forward and re erse acti e characteristics of the GC% ha e 0een e6tracted fro! e6peri!ental plots" %o characteri7e the d.na!ic 0eha ior, the capacitance- oltage cur es of the 0ase-e!itter and the 0ase-collector Iunctions ha e 0een !easured along with the turn-on and turn-off switching characteristics" Food agree!ent has 0een o0tained 0etween the !odel and e6peri!ental results" *o!e of the =e. para!eters that are e6tracted are the transport saturation current K&*L, &deal !a6i!u! forward 0eta KGDL, forward current e!ission coefficient KNDL, the 7ero 0ias 0ase resistance KAGL, collector resistance KACL, the 7ero 0ias G-' depletion capacitance KCC'L and the 7ero 0ias G-C depletion capacitance KCCCL" *o!e of the ph.sical pheno!ena that deter!ine the perfor!ance of a power GC% with special reference to 4M-*iC 0ased 0ipolar de ices are discussed and =e. !odifications that need to 0e i!ple!ented in the present !odel to account for these pheno!ena are 0riefl. presented"

[3#]

*" J" Garanwal, (" )atra, and G" Culpepper, "*elf oscillating control of a s.nchronous dc-dc 0uc= con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3231" %his paper presents a control sche!e for s.nchronous >C->C 0uc= con erter, which is

designed to operate at low output oltage and high efficienc. t.picall. re,uired for 0atter.-operated s.ste!s" %he con erter is designed for e,uip!ent, which de!and a high current onl. for a short duration" *uch s.ste!s are !o0ile phones, intelligent wireless sensors and 0ac=lit displa.s which need to 0e in the acti e !ode for onl. a short period of ti!e and go to a stand0. !ode for the rest of the ti!e to conser e the 0atter. power" 1ith decreasing si7e of transistors and lower lea=age loss, s.ste!s are increasingl. 0eing operated at lower suppl. oltages" 'fficient power !anage!ent techni,ues are needed, which !ust 0e a0le to regulate the output at lower oltages under all loading conditions" %o !a=e the >C->C con erter efficient at lower oltage, s.nchronous con erter is an o0 ious choice 0ecause of lower conduction loss in the diode" Migh efficienc. under the gi en loading conditions is t.picall. achie ed 0. operating it in the socalled pulse-s=ipping !ode K)*-L, which is a special for! of discontinuous !ode that !aintains a constant alue of the pea= inductor current Control of s.nchronous >C->C con erter in )*- is difficult 0ecause of one has to control 0oth the high-side and low-side switches a oiding shoot-through and a negati e current through the inductor" 4ne needs to incorporate an appropriate dead-ti!e 0etween the two switches, which needs to 0e carefull. designed so that the o erall perfor!ance is not undul. affected" %he control sche!e t.picall. re,uires an oscillator or a current sensing !echanis!, each of which has so!e associated disad antages" %his paper presents a self-oscillating control sche!e that tries to o erco!e the difficulties in the e6isting approaches" ( design and its i!ple!entation ha e 0een carried out in a 1"5u GiC-4* process and 0oth si!ulation and e6peri!ental results are presented" [3$] (" Garrado, (" 8a7aro, C" )leite, A" +a7,ue7, C" +a7,ue7, and '" 4lias, "4utput filter influence on the fast response dou0le 0uc= dc-dc con erter Kfrd0L," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 42$2" %he Dast Aesponse >ou0le Guc= >C->C Con erter KDA>GL was presented li=e a low output oltage >C->C con erter with fast transient response, in order to feed de ices such as !icroprocessors and >*)s" %he topolog. of the DA>G is co!posed of two 0uc= con erters connected in parallel, each one of the! with different features and ai!s, and controlled 0. !eans of the no el 8inear-Non-8inear control" &n this paper, the topolog., the control strateg. and the operation principle are re ised" Dinall., e6peri!ental results in three different protot.pes are presented to show the influence of the output filter on 0oth the transient response and the reco er. ti!e, when these protot.pes are su0Iected to load current steps" [40] D" Garruel, C" 8" *chanen, and N" Aetiere, "+olu!etric opti!i7ation of passi e filter for power electronics input stage in the !ore electrical aircraft," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 433" %he increasing nu!0er of power electronic con erters connected to aircraft electrical suppl. networ=s increases the har!onic le els" Con entional filter design is not well adapted to !an. power con erters, since their 0eha iour is strongl. coupled with filter alues" %his paper proposes a !ethodolog. to opti!i7e a passi e input filter and to fulfil har!onic and power factor standards" %he !ethod is applied to a diode rectifier, with capaciti e load, which represents a er. co!!on )ower &nput *tage for actuators" [41] -" Gartra!, -" *chre., M" Juhn, and A" 1" >e >onc=er, "( new approach to opti!i7e ig0t-heatspreaderco!0inations allows "real-ti!e" si!ulation of ig0t-chip-te!perature," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1450" %he power rating of toda.s &FG% fre,uenc. con erters is not onl. li!ited 0. the silicon, 0ut 0. the heat dissipating capa0ilit. of the e!plo.ed heatsin=" %here are !an. applications where water cooling is strictl. unwanted, li=e in wind-tur0ine con erters especiall. for off-shore applications" ?sing 3rdgeneration &FG%s !a=es the pro0le! !ore difficult: %he footprint of the !odules is s!aller co!pared to footprints of older !odules" Mence, the heatsin= !ust not onl. dissipate 0ut it !ust spread KheatspreaderL the power losses" %his paper descri0es a wa. to de elop a suita0le lu!ped A-C-!odel 0ased on the geo!etrical and !aterial data of a gi en application" %he !odel is i!ple!ented as a =ind of de elop!enttool in -atla0" 1ith this tool the de eloping engineer is a0le to opti!i7e the ther!al static and d.na!ic 0eha ior" (s input a ti!e constant or ti!e depending ther!al power dissipation can 0e selected" %hen the !odel is capa0le to e aluate the influence of e"g" the thic=ness of the 0aseplate to the fluctuations of the

die-te!perature" [42] -" Gartra!, C" +on Gloh, and A" 1" >e >onc=er, ">ou0l.-fed-!achines in wind-tur0ine s.ste!s: &s this application li!iting the lifeti!e of ig0t-fre,uenc.-con ertersP" in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 25#3" Aecentl. 1ind tur0ines are 0uilt at power le els a0o e 1"5 -1" Migher power le els are anticipated for off-shore applications" %o li!it !echanical stresses and power surges in these high-power s.ste!s speed-control is necessar." %he dou0l.-fed induction generator K>D&FL s.ste!, used li=e a s.nchronous generator, is a ia0le alternati e to adIust speed o er a wide range while =eeping the cost of the power con erter !ini!al" ( four-,uadrant &FG% ac-to-ac con erter is used to feed power 0idirectionall. to the rotor" Mowe er, with respect to relia0ilit. the power con erter turns out to 0e the wea=est lin= of the whole s.ste!" Contradictor. to traction applications er. few !easure!ents of the real stresses in wind tur0ines ha e 0een done up to now" %his paper descri0es how the >D&F-s.ste! causes er. low output fre,uencies at full load-current" %he corresponding &FG%-Chip te!perature is si!ulated using Dlo!erics "Dlother!" D'--)rogra! and erified at the test-0ench" 8ong ter! testings with three different con erters ha e 0een perfor!ed and the results are presented" [43] &" Gastos, (" -onti, and '" *anti, ">esign and i!ple!entation of a nonlinear speed control for a p! s.nchronous !otor using the s.nergetic approach to control theor.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 33$3" %his paper presents a no el nonlinear speed control for a per!anent !agnet s.nchronous !otor K)-*-L using the s.nergetic approach to control theor. K*(C%L" Aecent research has reported that the )-*- is 0eing increasingl. used in high-perfor!ance applications, such as ro0ots and industrial !achines, which re,uire speed controllers that pro ide not onl. accurac. and high perfor!ance, 0ut also fle6i0ilit. and efficienc. in the design process and i!ple!entation" &t has also 0een reported that the 0est approach to achie e high-perfor!ance in a )-*- dri e is to consider the whole nonlinear !otor d.na!ics in the controller s.nthesis" -an. control sche!es using aried nonlinear strategies ha e 0een presented/ howe er, !ost of the! are er. co!ple6 to design and i!ple!ent, e en when the. show good perfor!ance" 1e propose a nonlinear control sche!e 0ased on the *(C%, which allows the designer to generate the re,uired control laws 0. following a direct !ethod" %his sche!e is also well suited for digital control i!ple!entation" (n interesting outco!e of the application of the *(C% on the )-*- is the natural lineari7ation and order reduction to a second-order s.ste! on the in ariant !anifold" %his result allows the designer to set the desired d.na!ic 0eha ior of the controlled s.ste! 0. selecting two s.ste! poles, as if e!plo.ing a linear control strateg." %he proposed *(C% controller is i!ple!ented on a )-*- using a >*)-0ased platfor! and its perfor!ance is erified through the co!parison of the e6peri!ental and si!ulation results" [44] -" >" Gellar, -" (redes, C" 8" *" Neto, 8" F" G" Aoli!, ?" >" (" -iranda, A" -" Dernades, (" D" C" (,uino, and +" C" )etersen, "Dour wire single-phase to three-phase s.ste! for rural distri0ution networ=," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1024" %his wor= presents the e6peri!ental de elop!ent of a four-wire single-phase to three-phase static con erter for rural distri0ution s.ste!" %he con erter topolog. is 0ased on a front-end full-controlled )1- rectifier that handles the >C 0us oltage regulation as well as i!pro es the input power factor correction" &n order to pro ide the three-phase four-wire s.ste!, a four-legged )1- oltage source in erter K+*&L is used at the output" %he rectifier-in erter control strateg. has 0een i!ple!ented in a digital processor K>*)L, where a proposed )88 algorith! perfor!s the rectifier s.nchronis!" Co!ponent specification guidelines and control strategies are descri0ed" Co!plete !odels are i!ple!ented in an electro!agnetic transient si!ulation pac=age K)*C(>;'-%>C [trade!ar=]L, where the con erter is connected to a rural distri0ution networ= and is suppl.ing three-phase and single-phase loads" *i!ulation results show that this con erter can ride through a t.pical oltage sag condition that is er. often in rural areas" %he con erter topolog. is co!posed of 12 &FG%s and can 0e i!ple!ented 0. two off-the-shelf threephase )1- in erters" %his a aila0ilit. can offer significant cost reduction" '6peri!ental results are

pro ided" [45] D" Gelloni, )" -aranesi, and -" Ai a, ")ara!eters opti!i7ation for i!pro ed d.na!ics of oltage !ultipliers for space," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 43$" +oltage -ultipliers for the generation of high oltages KM+L are widel. e!plo.ed a0oard space ehicles and new applications open-up" 4ne is the dri e of ionic !otors" %he characteristics of such loads, as well as those of !an. others, re,uire special care to the d.na!ics and to ro0ustness perfor!ances of the oltage suppl." (fter recalling the d.na!ic characteri7ation of the Coc=roft-1alton KC1L cell as a linear three-port networ= in the s!all signal appro6i!ation, the n-cell chain is characteri7ed and the possi0ilit. of reaching si!plified e6pression of its transfer functions is put into e idence" %he good accurac. of the !odel is supported 0. e6peri!ental results" %he C1 chain with identical capacitors in its cells is co!pared with the C1 chain whose capacitor alues are graduall. decreased fro! the first to the last cell" *uch an assign!ent has 0een used alread. for o0taining a !ini!i7ation of the ripple" &t is shown that it can i!pro e the d.na!ic 0eha ior too" %a0les of the transfer functions for oltage gain, input ad!ittance, output i!pedance and current gain are gi en for aiding the design of the oltage !ultipliers" %he usefulness of the descri0ed !odeling techni,ue goes 0e.ond the space applications" [42] C" -" Gena ent, '" Digueres, F" Farcera, >" Cer er, and -" )ascual, ">esign and e aluation of a power factor correction rectifier with ro0ust control and fast d.na!ic response," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2340" %his paper presents a new ro0ust control techni,ue for Goost 0ased Migh )ower Dactor Aectifiers" %he proposed control sche!e i!pro es significantl. the d.na!ic response of the con erter without the need of high crosso er fre,uencies in the oltage loop" %herefore, the har!onic distortion co!ponents of the input current are easil. reduced" '6peri!ental !easure!ents on a 2501 low har!onic rectifier ha e 0een carried out to alidate the concept" [43] D" G" Gendi6en, D" Glaa0Ierg, )" 4" Aas!ussen, )" +adstrup, and J" Jra00e, "Controlling the dc-lin= !idpoint potential in a si6-phase !otor-dri e," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 212#" %raditionall. electrical !otors ha e three phases, 0ut !ultiphase !otors ha e shown to i!pro e !otor perfor!ance and efficienc." %his paper concentrates a0out the control algorith! for a si6phase induction !otor with third har!onic current inIection" %he pro0le! is that t.picall. a se enth in erter 0ranch and filter inductance is needed for sta0ili7ing the !idpoint potential of the series connected dccapacitor lin=" ( new control strateg. that pre-calculates the allowed oltage ripple and controls the !otor oltage accordingl. Kusing two standard three phase in erter !odulesL is suggested" 1ith this new control strateg. the se enth 0ranch and an inductance can 0e sa ed" &t also opens the possi0ilit. to use two standard three-phase in erters to suppl. the si6-phase !otor" (n e6peri!ental setup is 0uild and the theor. is erified in the test case" %he proposed control strateg. wor=s satisfactor." ( draw0ac= is that the oltage ripple in the !idpoint increases, if a third har!onic current is inIected speciall. at low speed, which could de!and a higher oltage rating of the capacitors" (nother draw0ac= is that the higher oltage ripple will stress the capacitors hence the lifeti!e !a. 0e shortened" [4#] C" 1" Gennett, (" F" Cac=, G" C" -ecrow, >" C" (t=inson, C" *ewell, and F" -ason, "Dault-tolerant control architecture for an electrical actuator," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4331" &n safet.-critical applications fault-tolerant electric dri es and !otors can 0e used" %o a oid co!pro!ising the relia0ilit. of the dri es and isolated !otor windings, the control hardware !ust also 0e fault tolerant" &n this wor= control hardware is separated into lanes, each with a designated power suppl., electric dri e, !otor phase winding and position feed0ac= sensor, all pac=aged into a single asse!0l." Dor a s.ste! to operate with a faulted lane, lanes !ust 0e a0le to cross-co!pare data and deter!ine whether a

lane has failed" ( de!onstrator controller dri e has 0een produced for a !ultiple lane actuator with the a0ilit. to detect a failed lane and continue operation" Dor the first ti!e, current shaping is i!ple!ented on a wor=ing protot.pe to produce instantaneous tor,ue control, e en in the e ent of a fault" %his per!its rated tor,ue at all rotor positions when stationar. and when rotating slowl. and rated !ean tor,ue at high speeds, when the inertia of the s.ste! lets the dri e ride through tor,ue dips caused 0. the faulted phase" [4$] *" Gen-5aa=o and -" -" )eret7, "-odeling and 0eha ioral spice si!ulation of a self adIusting current-fed push-pull parallel resonant in erter Ksa-cfppriL," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 21" ( !odeling !ethodolog. that can 0e applied to power s.ste!s that include non-linearities and phase loc= loops was de eloped and used to !odel and in estigate the properties of a *elf (dIusting Current-Ded )ush-)ull )arallel Aesonant &n erter K*(-CD))A&L" %his topolog. is 0ased on the )ush-)ull )arallel Aesonant &n erter in which a controlled aria0le inductor is incorporated to =eep the s.ste! at resonant fre,uenc. o er a gi en fre,uenc. range and under a non-constant reacti e load" %he anal.tical e6pression and *)&C' !odels de eloped in this stud. were found to 0e in good agree!ent with e6peri!ental results" )*)&C';4AC(> KCadence, ?*(L files K' aluation ersion $"2L of the s.ste! under stud. are a aila0le for download fro! http:;;www"ee"0gu"ac"il;Spel;download"ht!" [50] %" Gergh, )" Jarlsson, and -" (la=ula, "( resonant gal anicall. separated power !osfet;ig0t gate dri er," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3243" %his paper pro ides a co!plete circuit for a low-loss non-con entional power -4*D'% or &FG% dri er" %he dri er, which pro ides gal anicall. separated input and output signals, is fed fro! a unipolar >C oltage 0ut pro ides a 0ipolar gate-source oltage" %he dri er applies two, alread. =nown, techni,ues and together the. for! a resonant gal anicall. separated power -4*D'%;&FG% gate dri er" %he first techni,ue pro ides the gal anic separation, oltage le el increase Kor decreaseL for the energ. suppl. and signal transfer to the second techni,ue" %he second techni,ue is the dri er circuit, which is a resonant circuit that pro ides good dri er properties" %ogether the. for! an ine6pensi e and nonco!plicated circuit, co!pared to con entional -4*D'% or &FG% dri ers" %he use of e6pensi e >C->C con erters is a oided and still 0ipolar gate oltages are pro ided" [51] >" Geri0er, '" -" Ger=ou=, (" %alha, and -" 4" -ah!oudi, "*tud. and control of two two - le el pw! rectifiers - cla!ping 0ridge - two three - le el npc si cascade" (pplication to dou0le stator induction !achine," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3#$4" &n this paper, the authors present a stud. of the sta0ilit. pro0le! of the input >C oltages of the three-le el neutral point cla!ping KN)CL oltage source in erter K+*&L" %he. re!ind the !odel of the dou0le stator induction !achine K>*&-L" %hen, the. de elop a =nowledge and a control !odels of this in erter using the connection functions of the se!i-conductors" (fter that, the. propose a )1- strateg. to control his con erter" %o anal.sis the insta0ilit. pro0le! of the input >C oltages of the in erter, the authors stud. a cascade constituted 0. two two-le el )1- rectifiers - two three-le el N)C +*& - >*&-" %he results o0tained show that the input >C oltages of the in erters are not sta0les" %o re!ed. to this pro0le!, the authors propose, in this paper, a solution which uses a cla!ping 0ridge" %he results o0tained with this solution confir! the good perfor!ances of the proposed solution" [52] C" Geristain, C" Gordonau, (" Fila0ert, and *" (lepu7, "( new ac;ac !ultile el con erter for a single-phase in erter with hf isolation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1$$#" %his paper introduces a new ac;ac !ultile el con erter for a single-phase in erter with highfre,uenc. isolation and 0idirectional power flow capa0ilit." %he ad antage is to pro ide co!pact MD isolation, without an additional >C stage and with lower har!onic distortion in the load" Migher efficienc. and 0etter d.na!ic response are possi0le as well" %he topolog. is 0ased on a high-fre,uenc. in erter, a high-fre,uenc. transfor!er and the new ac;ac !ultile el con erter" ( !odulation strateg. for the

co!!utation of the ac;ac con erter switches is presented" *.nthesis, si!ulation and e6peri!ental results of the !ultile el con erter are presented" [53] N" Gianchi, *" Golognani, and D" 8uise, "Migh speed dri e using a slotless p! !otor," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 45#" &n high speed applications, slotless )- !otors appear an attracti e solution, 0eing al!ost insensiti e to !"!"f har!onics and to )1- current ripple and e6hi0iting lower stator iron losses and rotor losses Ksignificant with s,uarewa e current controlL" %his paper illustrates ad antages and draw0ac=s of a high speed dri e using a slotless )- !otor" %he difficulties ha e 0een found during the reali7ation of a 30=rp! 1-=1 )- !otor protot.pe are also highlighted" ( low-cost co!!ercial *ensorless G8>C -otor Controller has 0een used to force s,uarewa e currents without a significant )1- ripple" &n order to recogni7e a possi0le une6pected rotor arrest, that is not detected 0. the &C, an additional control circuit has 0een designed to detect that ano!alous condition and to restart the !otor when it occurs" [54] C" Giela and C" 1" Jolar, "'lectro!agnetic integration of high power resonant circuits co!prising high lea=age inductance transfor!ers," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4533" Jnown core shapes and lea=age flu6 paths K8D)L for electro!agneticall. integrated transfor!ers K'-&%L are classified and e6tended to new core shapes and winding structures" %he distincti e feature of the classification is the orientation of the lea=age flu6 path K!agnetic shuntL with respect to the a6is of the windings Kperpendicular or alignedL and the direction of the co!pression of the core" (fter discussing the properties of the presented structures the low profile shapes are co!pared 0. !eans of olu!e, !agnetic path length and !ean turn length" %he flu6 and current distri0ution of the '-&% needed for the co!parison are calculated 0. co!0ining funda!ental fre,uenc. anal.sis with reluctance !odels" Dinall., !easure!ent results for two protot.pes are presented" [55] -" M" Gierhoff and D" 1" Duchs, "*e!iconductor losses in oltage source and current source ig0t con erters 0ased on anal.tical deri ation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2#32" ( crucial criterion for the di!ensioning of three phase )1- con erters is the cooling of the power se!iconductors and thus deter!ination of power dissipation in the se!iconductors at certain operating points and its !a6i!u!" -ethods for the calculation and si!ulation of se!iconductor losses in the !ost co!!on oltage source and current source three phase )1- con erters are well =nown" Mere a co!plete anal.tical calculation of the power se!iconductor losses for 0oth con erter t.pes is presented, !ost parts are alread. =nown, so!e parts are de eloped here, as far as the authors =now" Conduction losses as well as switching losses are included in the calculation using a si!plified !odel, 0ased on power se!iconductor data sheet infor!ation" %his approach should 0enefit the prediction and further in estigations of the perfor!ance of power se!iconductor losses for 0oth =inds of con erters" Aesults of the calculation are shown" >ependencies of the se!iconductor power losses on the t.pe of con erter, the operating point and the pulse width !odulation are pointed out, showing the general 0eha iour of power losses for 0oth con erter t.pes" [52] -" %" Gina and -" >" 's=andari, "Conse,uence of un0alance suppl.ing condition on a distri0ution static co!pensator," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3$00" (" *tatic Co!pensator K*%(%C4-L is co!posed of an ac;dc con erter connected to a power s.ste! through a transfor!er to regulate oltage or co!pensate load reacti e power" %he applied un0alanced oltages fro! a distri0ution feeder would affect the 0eha ior of the con erter, 0oth the har!onic perfor!ance and con erter efficienc." Mere we present different practical results, ta=en fro! an installed <plus!n/250 =+( *%(%C4-, showing the ,uic= ariations of the capacitor oltage at twice the s.nchronous fre,uenc." &n fact, this is an energ. oscillation 0etween the dc and ac sides, !a=ing wa efor!s distorted 0. introducing low order har!onics to the in erter output oltages and currents" %his

wor=, initiall., anal.7es the un0alance issue, while e6peri!ental results de!onstrate the alidit. of the perfor!ed anal.sis" %hen, a possi0le solution is suggested to eli!inate the energ. oscillation of *%(%C4-, confir!ing it 0. presenting satisfactor. practical results" [53] )" Gishop, (" Jhalil, and &" Musain, "8ow le el a!plitude !odulation 0ased sensorless operation of a switched reluctance !otor," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3343" Aotor position infor!ation is critical to proper operation of a switched reluctance !otor K*A-L" &n this paper two !ethods of indirect rotor position detection are presented that are co!pati0le with alternati e switching topologies" %hese !ethods are 0oth 0ased on a!plitude !odulation of an inIected signal according to the phase inductance ariation" (n anal.sis of these !ethods along with e6peri!ental results is presented in this paper" [5#] D" '" Gisogno, -" Aadec=er, (" Jnoll, (" +" Cara7o, (" Aiedlha!!er, F" >e0o., N" Nor e7, and C" -" )acas, "Co!parison of resonant topologies for step-down applications using pie7oelectric transfor!ers," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2222" ( 1 to 5 1atts wide-range power suppl. de!onstrator with a %ransoner-t.pe )ie7oelectric %ransfor!er K)%L has 0een 0uilt in class ' topolog. to show the full functionalit. of an off-line power suppl." ( 0asic design target was the B+* or near-B+* 0eha iour, which was achie ed for 3 1atts and 2 + output at input oltages 0etween #5 and 220 + (C, and for 5 1atts and 2 + output at +in T 150 to 220 + (C, respecti el., using one and the sa!e )% sa!ple" %he )% was 2"3 !! thic=, and had a dia!eter of 13 !!" %he used Dieldstop-&FG% 1 (-t.pe shows losses less than 300 !1 o er the full operating range for constant output oltage opti!i7ation, and less than 250 !1, for !a6i!u! efficienc. opti!i7ation, respecti el., at fre,uencies of 155 to 132 =M7" %he !easured o erall worst case efficienc. of the con erter Kwithout rectifiersL has 0een accordingl. 30"5H, and #2"4 H, respecti el." %he application is suited for s!art-card for!at power supplies 0elow 5 !! thic=ness" Co!pared to the half-0ridge, the class ' concept, as a current fed topolog., pro!ises 0etter '-& suppression 0. the input inductor than a half-0ridge, lower switch current pea=s, and a larger control 0andwidth at the sa!e fre,uenc." Durther, it was de!onstrated with the class ' concept, that it is possi0le to =eep the output oltage constant, using the resonant tan= with the output capacitance" %hus, output charging capacitors can 0e !ade er. s!all, co!pared to fl.-0ac= con erters or other hard-switching con entional topologies" %he !easure!ents had 0een in good agree!ent with the differential e,uations anal.sis and the *)&C' si!ulation, as well" %hese results led to current proIects for !ass !ar=et applications using the class ' topolog., and alternati el. the half-0ridge for higher power le els" [5$] N" Glanchi, *" Golognani, and (" >alla Drancesca Cappello, "Gac= e"-"D" &!pro e!ent and force ripple reduction in p! linear !otor dri es," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3332" )er!anent -agnet 8inear *.nchronous -otor K)-8*-L dri es !a. e6hi0it cogging force and high har!onic content in the e"!"f" wa efor!" Goth of the! cause a force ripple, under low and high load, introducing trou0le in the positioning precision" %o reduce the force ripple, there are two techni,ues: an appropriate )-8*- design, and a suita0le control of the current wa efor!s" %his paper presents an inno ati e and si!ple techni,ue 0ased on the )- shifting for reducing 0oth the cogging force and the har!onic content in the 0ac= e"!"f" of the )-8*- dri e, in order to achie e a s!ooth force, without a current har!onic co!pensation" %he !ethod to calculate the appropriate )- shift is presented as well as its effect on the e"!"f" har!onics and force ripple" '6peri!ental results are reported confir!ing the results o0tained 0. !eans of this techni,ue" [20] -" C" Gland, C" C" Clare, )" 1" 1heeler, 8" '!pringha!, and -" (pap, "(n au6iliar. resonant soft switching !atri6 con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 23$3"

%his paper is concerned with the design, construction and testing of a 3-phase to 3-phase soft switching -atri6 Con erter" %wo au6iliar. soft switching circuits are added to each output phase in order to achie e soft switching without significantl. increasing the conduction losses" %he con erter operation is discussed with reference to theoretical wa efor!s" %he distri0ution of the switching losses with respect to load current and co!!utation oltage is in estigated" ?sing the proposed topolog. it is possi0le to disa0le the au6iliar. switch when the current and;or oltage is low" %his si!plifies the design of the au6iliar. circuit as the range of operating conditions is reduced, allowing 0etter opti!isation in ter!s of switching loss and co!!utation speed" 1e present results fro! a 3-phase to 3-phase protot.pe -atri6 Con erter showing switching wa efor!s for all co!!utation scenarios" -easure!ents of the o erall power circuit losses are presented and co!parisons are !ade with con entional hard switching -atri6 Con erters" %he distri0ution of losses 0etween the different loss !echanis!s will 0e in estigated for 0oth con erters" &t is shown that the switching losses for the !ain switches is reduced 0. a0out 50H 0ut this is co!pensated for 0. the losses in the au6iliar. switches resulting in no significant increase in efficienc." Durther research will 0e re,uired to de elop ia0le soft switching -atri6 Con erter structures" [21] -" C" Gland, )" 1" 1heeler, C" C" Clare, and 8" '!pringha!, "Co!parison of 0i-directional switch co!ponents for direct ac-ac con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2$05" %he o0Iecti e of this paper is to assess the perfor!ance of 0i-directional switch co!ponents for direct (C-(C K!atri6L con erter applications" %hree 2-phase to 1-phase -atri6 Con erters will 0e constructed, each with different 0i-directional switch co!ponents" %he three 0i-directional switch structures to 0e considered are: *ilicon K*iL diode-*i &FG%, *ilicon Car0ide K*iCL diode-*i &FG% and *i Ae erse Gloc=ing &FG% KAG-&FG%L" (ll of the co!!utation scenarios possi0le in a -atri6 Con erter topolog. using two or four step co!!utation are studied" %he i!pro ed re erse reco er. perfor!ance of the *iC *chott=. diodes is assessed with reference to !easured switching wa efor!s" %he affect of the three different switch structures on the o erall perfor!ance of the -atri6 Con erter with particular attention to power circuit losses is in estigated" [22] G" Goc= and (" *tei!el, "&!pact of the anode current of an ig0t on the gate oltage," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2$30" -easure!ents pro e an i!pact of the &FG% anode current on the gate oltage" %his is of interest for gate-dri e considerations ai!ing at the control of current and oltage wa e-for!s as well as for the e6planation of current redistri0utions 0etween paralleled &FG%s during switching transients" [23] C" Goc=er, "%olerance 0and controller for a three-le el four-,uadrant con erter including dc lin= 0alancing," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 423#" %olerance 0and or h.steresis control is usuall. applied onl. for si!ple con erters with one switching ele!ent" %he paper shows how to generali7e the approach for !ore co!ple6 con erter s.ste!s li=e a three-le el four-,uadrant con erter and to 0enefit fro! the high effecti e loop gain of the control approach" *tate graphs are used for the design of the controller" Dor the three-le el con erter, the state graph is a0le to !anage 0oth tas=s of current control and >C lin= 0alancing" %he controller can 0e reali7ed using a D)F(" ( processor or a !icrocontroller is o0solete" [24] 4" Gohlen, *" Guller, A" 1" >e >onc=er, -" Fel0=e, and A" Nau!ann, "&!pedance 0ased 0atter. diagnosis for auto!oti e applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 23$2" &n this paper, a procedure will 0e presented, which deter!ines and predicts the pulse power capa0ilit. of a 0atter. 0. !eans of an i!pedance-0ased !odel" %his is achie ed 0. a passi e i!pedance !easure!ent techni,ue, which allows to use current ripple and fluctuations as a signal source" %he ad antage of the procedure is its direct deter!ination of the pulse power capa0ilit. while no indirect and difficult to deter!ine state aria0les such as state of charge and state of health are needed"

[25]

)" Goh! and F" 1achut=a, "Nu!erical anal.sis tool for transient s=in effect pro0le!s," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" ##0" ( new nu!erical anal.sis tool for the in estigation of the three-di!ensional transient electro!agnetic 0eha ior of interconnect structures in high power !odules is presented" %he si!ulator uses the finite ele!ent !ethod to recei e a continuous field description of electric and !agnetic fields caused 0. 0us 0ars under fast operating conditions and allows for a detailed in estigation of distri0uted parasitic effects" %i!e dependent current crowding, ti!e dependent inductances, o er oltage pea=s or current turnon dela.s can 0e deter!ined" %he finite ele!ent 0ased concept per!its to consider 0oth oltage and current-dri en pro0le!s and is well suited to anal.7e co!ple6 plate structures as no a priori deco!position of an. conductor into partial ele!ents is needed" %he interconnect anal.sis tool was de eloped 0. the help of the o0Iect-oriented CQQ li0rar. >iffpac=, a software de elop!ent fra!ewor= for the solution of partial differential e,uations" %he !i6ed finite ele!ent !ethod is applied to sol e the s=in effect pro0le! 0. a co!0ination of a ector and a scalar potential" 'dge finite ele!ents are used to discreti7e the ector ,uantit." Ae-using well-tested and efficient code of the li0rar. allows to anal.7e co!ple6 three-di!ensional 0us 0ar arrange!ents"

[22]

%" )" Gohn, N" A" Grown, A" >" 8oren7, and %" -" Cahns, "( low cost 500 watt !otor and dri e for h ac applications: ?w-!adisonEs design for the future energ. challenge," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 332" )articipants in the 2003 &nternational Duture 'nerg. Challenge atte!pted to design a single phase input, 500 watt adIusta0le speed !otor and dri e with a !illion unit olu!e production target cost of U40" %he ?1--adison tea! approach is presented in this paper" ( soft !agnetic co!posite seg!ented stator )--G8>C design and 0ac=-e!f sensing dri e is proposed" -anufacturing cost is the !ain constraint in this design" 'ducational aspects are also discussed"

[23]

A" GoIoi, D" Darina, (" %enconi, D" )rofu!o, and '" 8e i, "*tationar. fra!e digital current regulation for dual-three phase induction !otor dri es," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2121" ( digital current regulation sche!e in stationar. reference fra!e for dual-three phase induction !otor dri es is discussed in the paper" %he induction !achine has two sets of three-phase stator windings spatiall. shifted 0. 30 electrical degrees" %he stator windings are fed 0. a current controlled )1KCA)1-L si6-phase &FG% oltage source in erter K+*&L" %he 0asic issues are the current regulation sche!e to cope with the inherent as.!!etries of the dri e and the digital i!ple!entation to ha e 7ero stead.-state current error for the whole fre,uenc. range of the dri e" '6peri!ental tests are presented for a direct rotor field oriented control K>AD4CL of a 10 =1 dual three-phase induction !otor dri e protot.pe/ the results confir! the alidit. of the control sche!e"

[2#]

A" GoIoi, F" Fri a, -" Fuerriero, D" Darina, D" )rofu!o, and +" Gostan, "&!pro ed current control strateg. for power conditioners using sinusoidal signal integrators in s.nchronous reference fra!e," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4223" &n this paper, an i!pro ed current control sche!e for shunt t.pe power conditioners is proposed, with the ai! of si!plif.ing current har!onic co!pensation for industrial i!ple!entations where strict li!itations on the har!onic distortion of the !ains currents are re,uired" %o co!pensate current har!onics, the proposed sche!e is 0ased on proportional-integral regulators using sinusoidal signal integrators, i!ple!ented to operate 0oth on positi e and negati e se,uence signals" 4ne regulator, for the funda!ental current co!ponent, is i!ple!ented in the stationar. reference fra!e" %he other regulators, for the current har!onics, are i!ple!ented in a s.nchronous reference fra!e rotating at the funda!ental fre,uenc." %his allows to co!pensate si!ultaneousl. two current har!onics with Iust one regulator" %he whole control algorith! has 0een i!ple!ented on a 12-0it, fi6ed-point digital signal processor K>*)L platfor! controlling a 20=+( protot.pe" '6peri!ental results are presented to show the alidit. of the proposed solutions"

[2$]

*" Golognani, -" %o!asini, 8" %u0iana, and -" Bigliotto, ">sp-0ased ti!e opti!al current control for high d.na!ic ip! !otor dri es," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 21$3" %his paper descri0es a high d.na!ic current control for &nternal )er!anent -agnet K&)-L s.nchronous !otor dri es" %he strateg. is 0ased on the %i!e 4pti!al Control K%4CL approach and it assures the fastest current response after an. large de!anded ariation of the current reference" %he potentialit. of the %4C for high perfor!ance electric dri es is in estigated and e aluated" Current prediction is acco!plished as well, to !ini!ise the effects of the dela. introduced 0. the digital i!ple!entation" Nonetheless, the proposed strateg. can also 0e easil. arranged to 0e !erged with different control techni,ues" %he i!ple!entation details and e6peri!ental results are included in the paper"

[30]

G" Golsens, J" >e Gra0andere, C" +an >en Je.0us, C" >riesen, and A" Gel!ans, "-odel-0ased generation of low distortion currents in grid-coupled pw!-in erters using an lcl output filter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4212" &n this wor=, a single phase 8C8 output stage for grid coupled applications is 0uilt and e aluated" (n accurate !odel and o0ser er of the output filter and the distorted grid oltage is i!ple!ented" %his paper deals with the construction of a 14-state !odel, and the feed0ac= control loop to o0tain good closed loop response" *i!ulations indicate a good perfor!ance of the controller, with a total har!onic current distortion K%M>L 0elow 1H" '6peri!ental results confir! the si!ulations, and illustrate the good operation of the Jal!an o0ser er to esti!ate the distorted grid oltage K%M> 3HL" %he output filter effecti el. reduces the )1- har!onics in the grid current"

[31]

D" Gotteron, M" )inheiro, M" 8" Me., C" A" )inheiro, and M" (" Frundling, "( new discrete-ti!e oltage controller 0ased on the internal !odel principle for three-phase oltage source pw! in erters with <delta/. output transfor!er," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 250#" &n this paper a new digital oltage controller 0ased on the internal !odel principle for threephase in erters with (5 transfor!er at the output is proposed" ( d.na!ic !odel of the in erter, transfor!er, filter and load is deri ed and a decoupling !ethod is proposed" %he proposed digital controller is not prone to produce >C co!ponents, which that can lead to the output transfor!er saturation" (dditionall., this digital controller result in a si!ple for! and it is well suited for a fi6ed-point i!ple!entation" '6peri!ental results, i!ple!ented in 12 0its >*) %-*320D241, alidate the theoretical de elop!ents and de!onstrate the good perfor!ance of the proposed controller under 0oth nonlinear 0alanced and un0alanced loads"

[32]

4" Gouhali, '" -" Ger=ou=, G" Drancois, and C" *aude!ont, ">irect generali7ed !odulation of electrical con ersions including self sta0ili7ation of the dc-lin= for a single phase !ultile el in erter 0ased ac grid interface," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 13#5" %he output oltage wa efor! of a !ultile el in erter is co!posed of se eral inter!ediar. oltage le els, which are o0tained fro! capacitor oltage sources" &f the nu!0er of le els reaches infinit., the total har!onic distortion of the !odulated oltage 0eco!es practicall. 7ero" Mowe er, the nu!0er of the achie a0le oltage le els is li!ited 0. oltage un0alance pro0le!s, oltage cla!ping re,uire!ent, circuit la.out, and pac=aging constraints" %his paper presents a !odulation strateg. that ena0les to cop. directl. a !odulated !ultile el wa efor! on to output oltages of a KnQ1L le el in erter" %he redundancies of different switch configurations are used to perfor! the oltage 0alancing of the >C lin=" %he o0tained !odelling shows that high oltage !ulti le els are o0tained 0. co!0ination of n different three-le el functions, which are called !odulation functions" %herefore, a no el )1- strateg. is designed to generate n ficti e !odulated oltage s.ste!s ia the direct width !odulation and the position setting of !odulation functions" *i!ulation results are presented for a fi e-le el in erter" '6peri!ental results are gi en for a three-le el in erter"

[33]

*" +" Go7h=o, C" C" Clare, and F" -" (sher, "( new power electronic con erter control approach to power s.ste! da!ping in distri0uted generation grids," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3221" %his paper addresses i!pro e!ents in da!ping of distri0uted generation s.ste!s !ade possi0le 0. using the real and reacti e power capacit. of power electronic con erters interfaced to the distri0ution grid" ( new control approach is presented in which a grid connected s.nchronous generator is tor,ue-controlled 0. a power con erter, which !a. 0e re!ote fro! the generator" ( reduced !odel is used to de elop the control !ethod, which is ter!ed co!pensated generator control" '6cellent perfor!ance of post-fault da!ping is illustrated through si!ulation, and it is shown that the !ethod pro ides a significant increase in da!ping perfor!ance when co!pared to other !ethods"

[34]

C" Granas, D" C" (7condo, A" Casanue a, and *" Gracho, ")hase controlled lc9su0:p9;su0:c9su0:s9;su0: resonant in erter applied to hid la!p control," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2434" %his paper presents the anal.sis and design of a new configuration of a resonant in erter for high-intensit. discharge KM&>L la!p 0allast applications" %he proposed in erter results fro! the parallel connection of two class > 8C9su0:p9;su0:C9su0:s9;su0:, resonant in erters" %he di!!ing control is i!ple!ented at constant fre,uenc., !odif.ing the phase displace!ent 0etween the dri e signals of each in erter" (t full power operation, the in erter guarantees that the power applied to the la!p is within the reco!!ended operation area regardless of the la!p aging" &n order to achie e good repeata0ilit. of the circuit perfor!ance, the design se,uence also considers the tolerance of circuit co!ponents and is erified 0. the -onte Carlo !ethod" ( 1501 protot.pe has 0een 0uilt to alidate the design proposal"

[35]

*" Grehaut, C" C" 8e Gunetel, >" -agnon, and (" )u7o, "( conducted e!i !odel for an industrial power suppl. full 0ridge," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3223" %he full 0ridge in erter, which is er. used in the power electronic structures, generates an electro!agnetic pollution" 1e ha e wor=ed on the prediction of the '-& on an industrial full 0ridge 200 1" 1e ha e si!ulated the glo0al spectru! of pollution on the 0and pass 150 =M7-30 -M7 in order to understand its MD co!port!ent" %he purpose of this paper is to ha e a 0etter co!prehension of electro!agnetic pheno!ena in order to reduce the pollution to the source" 1e will descri0e the si!ulation tool which per!its to predict the glo0al spectru! in conducted '-&" %he si!ulation results are co!pared to the practical results" %he influences such as parasitic co!ponents, propagation paths and switching ti!e will 0e also treated"

[32]

*" Gronstein, F" & ens=., and *" Gen-5aa=o , ")arallel connection of pie7oelectric transfor!ers," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 133$" %he 0eha ior of parallel connected )ie7oelectric %ransfor!ers K)%sL was anal.7ed 0. appl.ing the generic )% !odel to represent the co!0ined networ= in the !ost general wa." %he influence of a de iation in each of the )% para!eters was e6a!ined with respect to total output and losses in each )%" &t was found that the re,uire!ent for identit. in the e,ui alent circuit para!eters A 9su0:!9;su0: and C9su0:o9;su0: in the two )%s is not strong" %he !ost critical para!eter for e,ual loss in the )%s is K<o!ega/9su0:r9;su0: - the !echanical resonant fre,uenc. of )%s, which has to 0e e,ual in the parallel units, e en though the alues of the para!eters C9su0:r9;su0: and 89su0:r9;su0: can 0e slightl. different" *ince the resonant 8CC t.pe in erters are practicall. identical to the e,ui alent electrical circuit of )%s, the results of this stud. are rele ant to co!0ined connected 8CC in erters" %he anal.tical results of this stud. were erified 0. *)&C' si!ulation and e6peri!ents" %he e6peri!ents were done on parallelconnected )%s K%1-2, Dace Co", +(, ?*(L and 8CC in erters 0uilt 0. passi e ele!ents"

[33]

'" C" Gueno, D" 'spinosa, D" C" Aodrigue7, C" ?rena, and *" Co0reces, "Current control of oltage source con erters connected to the grid through an lcl-filter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics

Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2#" %he ai! of this paper is to propose a current control of +*Cs connected to the grid through an 8C8-filter" %he proposed algorith! controls the grid current using onl. two sensors" 4ther aria0les are o0tained with a state esti!ator, and the possi0le distur0ances of the s.ste! are attenuated with acti e da!ping" %he control algorith! has 0een pro ed for different distur0ances, such as te!poral ariations in the co!ponents of the !odel and pertur0ations in the grid, and also with the linear and non-linear !odels" [3#] F" GuIa and *" Castellan, "Co!pensation strateg. for an acti e flic=er co!pensator," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 10$0" %he paper is concerned with the de elop!ent of an acti e flic=er co!pensator" &t is shown that the co!pensation of the fluctuating co!ponent of the instantaneous i!aginar. power produces a su0stantial, 0ut not co!plete, eli!ination of the oltage fluctuations" ( no el co!pensation strateg. is presented, which reduces the oltage fluctuations drasticall. while =eeping unchanged the oltage ripple on the dc 0us of the con erter" %he effecti eness of the co!pensation strateg. is de!onstrated 0. si!ulation" %he la0orator. setup designed for e6peri!ental purposes is under de elop!ent and is descri0ed in the paper" [3$] C" (" Gusada, C" C" Galda, and M" F" Chiacchiarini, "Co!pensation of instantaneous reacti e power and acti e power oscillations without using reference fra!e transfor!ations," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3022" %his paper proposes a new !ethod to co!pensate instantaneous reacti e power and;or acti e power oscillations in three-phase three-wire s.ste!s 0. using !easure!ents of onl. two line oltages and two phase currents, without in ol ing coordinate transfor!ations" &t is pro ed that the proposed !ethod produces the sa!e co!pensated source currents as the standard p, !ethod" [#0] C" (" Gusada, M" F" Chiacchiarini, and C" C" Galda, "*inusoidal wa efor! s.nthesis for parallel acti e power filter applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2320" %his paper proposes a no el !ethod to generate a sinusoidal wa efor! for s.nthesi7ing a sinusoidal reference current in certain applications of parallel acti e power filters" %he !ethod, 0ased on the 0eha ior of a three-di!ensional d.na!ical s.ste!, a oids e!plo.ing the usual co!0ination of loo= up ta0le and )88 found in !ost parallel acti e filters s.nthesi7ing a sinusoidal source current" %he !ethod produces two high-,ualit. sinusoidal wa efor!s in ,uadrature, applica0le to those parallel acti e filters whose control !ethodolog. is in the <alpha/<0eta/ fra!e, or alternati el., three sinusoidal wa efor!s shifted 120 degrees fro! each other for designs that wor= in the a0c fra!e" [#1] *" Gus,uets--onge, *" *o!a illa, C" Gordonau, and >" Goro.e ich, "( no el !odulation for the co!prehensi e neutral-point 0alancing in the three-le el npc in erter with !ini!u! output switchingfre,uenc. ripple," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4222" %his paper presents a new !odulation approach for the co!plete control of the neutral-point oltage in the three-le el three-phase neutral-point-cla!ped oltage source in erter" %he 0alancing of the neutral-point is achie ed o er the full range of con erter output oltages and for all load power factors with the !ini!u! output oltage distortion at around the switching-fre,uenc." %he si!ple phase dut.-ratio e6pressions in d-,-0 coordinates that define this !odulation solution are presented" %he perfor!ance of this !odulation approach and its 0enefits o er other pre iousl. proposed solutions are erified through si!ulation and e6peri!entation" [#2] (" Caiafa, (" *ne7h=o, C" 8" Mudgins, '" *anti, and A" )ro7oro , "&g0t operation at cr.ogenic te!peratures:

Non-punch-through and punch-through co!parison," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2$20" >etailed e6peri!ental data ta=en for )unch %hrough K)%L and Non )unch %hrough KN)%L &FG%s are presented" %he test progra! co ered &FG% de ices rated for 100-200 ( and 200-1200 + fro! different !anufacturers" %he forward conduction drops and switching 0eha ior of the &FG%s are e6a!ined o er a te!perature range of 4"2 to 2$5 J" )h.sical 0eha ior at low Iunction te!peratures is anal.7ed" >ifferent 0eha ior of the two structures at cr.ogenic te!peratures is highlighted and the 0etter perfor!ances of the N)% technolog. are shown" [#3] (" Caiafa, (" *ne7h=o, C" 8" Mudgins, '" *anti, and A" )ro7oro , "%he failure of punch-through ig0ts to reach forward conduction !ode at low te!peratures," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2$23" %he failure of )unch-%hrough K)%L &FG%s to reach forward conduction !ode at cr.ogenic te!peratures has alread. 0een o0ser ed in pre ious wor=, 0ut no e6planation has 0een gi en" &n this wor= detailed e6peri!ental data collected for )% &FG%s are presented" %he forward conduction drops and switching 0eha ior of the &FG%s are e6a!ined o er a te!perature range fro! 4"2 to 2$5 J" %he pheno!enon under anal.sis is presented" Connections 0etween the failure of )%-&FG%s and other pheno!ena are highlighted" )h.sical 0eha ior at low Iunction te!peratures is anal.7ed and the failure at cr.ogenic te!peratures is discussed and anal.7ed" [#4] (" Ca!pos, -" (" >alla Costa, A" (" )into, and A" N" )rado, "Di6ed fre,uenc. self-oscillating electronic 0allast to suppl. !ultiple la!ps," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 413" %his paper descri0es a self-oscillating electronic 0allast, ha ing fi6ed switching fre,uenc., to suppl. four independent fluorescent la!ps, with high power factor" %o pro ide the power factor correction it was studied the !odifications of the alle.-fill filter, presented in the literature, choosing one that !eets the &'C 21000-3-2 Class C re,uire!ents of the input current distortion" %o dri e the switches it was proposed a !odification in the con entional self-oscillating dri er, new in the literature, !a=ing it independent on the load of the 0allast" *o, it is 0uilt up the protot.pe and showed the e6peri!ental results" [#5] )" Cancelliere, +" >elli Colli, A" >i *tefano, and D" -arignetti, "*oft switching current source in erter with !odified space ector !odulation and acti e da!ping for an a6ial flu6 in-wheel !otor with fractional slot winding," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 11$#" %he paper presents a power suppl. for an a6ial flu6 in-wheel !otor with a fractional nu!0er of slots per pole and per phase" ( soft switching BC* current source in erter is adopted in order to i!pro e !achine and con erter efficienc." %he chosen topolog. allows direct !otoring and regenerating operation directl. fro! the 0atter." %he paper i!pro es the con erter anal.sis and deals a0out !odulation and control" -oreo er, the paper su!!ari7es the !achine construction, and it in estigates the whole dri e perfor!ances 0. !eans of nu!erical si!ulations" [#2] D" F" Capponi, F" >e >onato, and 8" >el Derraro, "Grushless ac dri e using an a6ial flu6 s.nchronous p! !otor with low resolution position sensors," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 22#3" &n this paper a new control sche!e for ac 0rushless dri es in which Mall effect sensors are used as rotor position sensors is presented" %he proposed control algorith!Es !ost inno ati e feature is its adapta0ilit. to the whole speed range, including start up" ( stud. on the dri eEs tor,ue ripple has also 0een carried out and a wa. to !ini!i7e it in all operating conditions has 0een de eloped" Dinall. the algorith! has 0een i!ple!ented and tested in order to dri e an a6ial-flu6 )- !achine for ho!e applications"

[#3]

A" Car0one and (" *cappatura, "( high efficienc. passi e power factor corrector for single-phase 0ridge diode rectifiers," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1223" ( recentl. introduced passi e approach for power factor correction of single-phase uncontrolled 0ridge rectifiers is increased due to the circuit efficienc. i!pro e!ent" )ower factor correction is o0tained 0. adding a proper 0ranch with resisti e and capaciti e ele!ents at the >C-side ter!inals of the rectifier/ the opti!al alues of the power factor corrector para!eters are calculated 0earing in !ind the load de!and and the >C-filter para!eter alues" %he !ost i!portant thin=s of the paper are the introduction, the design and the anal.sis of an electronic circuit, called "resistance e!ulator", utilised instead of the resistor of the power factor correction 0ranch" %he resistance e!ulator circuit is a0le to guarantee circuit perfor!ances si!ilar to that pre iousl. o0tained 0. using a resistor a oiding, at the sa!e ti!e, e6tra power losses, so significantl. i!pro ing the circuit efficienc."

[##]

A" Cardenas, A" )ena, C" )ro0oste, F" (sher, and C" Clare, "*ensorless control of a dou0l.- fed induction generator for stand alone operation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 333#" %his paper presents a sensorless ector control strateg. for a stand-alone dou0l.-fed induction generator suppl.ing energ. to an isolated load" ( -odel Aeference (dapti e *.ste!, or -A(*, is used to esti!ate the generator rotational speed" Aesults fro! a 2"5=1 e6peri!ental protot.pe are presented for the generator feeding a load at constant oltage and fre,uenc. for su0 and super s.nchronous speed operation"

[#$]

-" *" Car!eli, D" Castelli->e77a, and F" *uperti-Durga, ")redicti e !odulation strateg. for !ulti-switching con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2211" %he present paper proposes an i!pro ed predicti e !odulation strateg. for !ulti-con erter s.ste!s" &ts features are fi6ed switching fre,uenc. and pre-calculated co!!utation instants, allowing an accurate phase shift of the current ripple" Dlu6 lin=ages are assu!ed as control aria0les to allow insensiti it. to possi0le inductance non-linearit. and inducti e coupling" %he pro0le! of current dependence is sol ed in this paper 0. introducing au6iliar. decoupling aria0les" 'ach switching 0asic ele!ent is dri en separatel. and the independence of 0asic ele!ents assures opti!u! results and perfor!ances" ( general and !odular approach for the switching strateg. for!ulation o er a wide class of con erters is discussed in detail" %he proposed !ethod is applied to a particular power con erter configuration as a case of stud., e en if the approach is presented in a general for!" *i!ulation results and fre,uenc. anal.sis are reported"

[$0]

>" Casadei, F" *erra, (" %ani, and 8" Barri, "( no el !odulation strateg. for !atri6 con erters with reduced switching fre,uenc. 0ased on output current sensing," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2333" %he perfor!ance of !atri6 con erters is strictl. related to the !odulation strateg. adopted to control the state of the switches" &n this paper a no el !odulation strateg., 0ased on the !easure!ent of the output currents, is presented and discussed" %he proposed strateg. allows sinusoidal input and output currents to 0e o0tained, li=e the well-=nown *pace +ector -odulation or (lesina-+enturini -odulation" Mowe er, co!pared to those !odulation strategies, it re,uires a lower nu!0er of switch co!!utations for c.cle period, thus leading to a sensi0le reduction of the con erter switching losses and of the effects related to the switching dead ti!e" Durther!ore, the !a6i!u! oltage transfer ratio can 0e preser ed" %he !odulation strateg. is theoreticall. deri ed using the >ut.-C.cle *pace +ector %heor. that represents a s.ste!atic approach towards the !odulation pro0le! for !atri6 con erters" *i!ulation results are also gi en"

[$1]

>" Cer er, F" Farcera, '" Digueres, C" -" Gena ent, and -" )ascual, "(nal.sis and design of a ro0ust !odel-following control circuit for !ultiple-output isolated dc-dc con erters with current in.ection control," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 131"

( ro0ust !odel-following control sche!e for !ultiple-output isolated >C->C con erters with pea= current !ode control is presented" %he ai! of the proposed circuit is to reduce the closed loop audiosuscepti0ilit. and the output i!pedance of the con erter without the need of a high 0andwidth in an. of the regulation loops" &n this wa. the pro0le!s of using high crosso er fre,uencies, such as !odeling errors, sensiti it. to co!ponents tolerances and noise, are a oided" %his is an attracti e point for designers 0ecause in !ultiple-output con erters the regulation 0andwidth is li!ited in practice 0. the effects deri ed fro! coupling the filter inductors of the outputs in the sa!e core" %he practical i!ple!entation of the proposed control circuit consists of adding an inner loop 0ased on a low-pass first-order reference !odel and a con entional )& regulator, 0esides the outer oltage loop" (n ad antage, when co!pared with other !ethods 0ased on reference !odels, is the low-pass nature of the reference !odel, which doesnEt add noise li!itations to the practical i!ple!entation" %he design of the oltage regulator is straightforward if the crosso er fre,uenc. of the oltage loop is chosen s!aller than that of the inner loop" ( s.ste!atic design procedure is e6plained" [$2] 5" Chae, C" Cho, C" Fwon, and *" Man, "( stud. on the characteristic of high oltage t.pe instantaneous current source for laser printer," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2331" &n this paper, a new self-oscillated t.pe M+)* Khigh oltage power suppl.L to charge the 4)C K4rganic )hoto ConductorL dru! in laser printer is proposed, which has aria0le constant current source characteristics to i!pro e the charge characteristic of the 4)C >ru!" %he proposed control !ethod ena0les high ,ualit. printing characteristics regardless of the circu!stance change such as a!0ient te!perature or hu!idit. 0. changing the current reference signal" %o erif. the proposed control !ethod arious e6peri!ents are perfor!ed" [$3] *" Cha=ra0arti, %" -" Cahns, and A" >" 8oren7, "( current control techni,ue for induction !achine dri es using integrated pilot current sensors in the low-side switches," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4453" ( new current regulation algorith! is presented that achie es indirect field-oriented control K&D4CL for three-phase induction !otor dri es using current feed0ac= infor!ation pro ided 0. three integrated pilot sensors in the three low-side in erter switches" ( new regulator is re,uired for this configuration of pilot sensors 0ecause each sensor can !easure its phase current during onl. half of each funda!ental fre,uenc. c.cle" ( techni,ue has 0een de eloped to reconstruct the three phase currents during the inter als when the. are not !easured so that the phase current can 0e used to achie e fieldoriented control of the !achine" '6peri!ental results are pro ided to confir! the attracti e perfor!ance characteristics of the proposed control techni,ue during 0oth stead.-state and transient operation" Je. application issues including the i!pact of errors in the esti!ated !achine para!eters are discussed" [$4] *" *" -" Chan, M" *" M" Chung, and *" 5" A" Mui, "(n ic-less di!!a0le electronic 0allast for fluorescent la!ps," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1332" %his paper presents a low-cost solution of con erting the popularl. adopted non-di!!a0le electronic 0allast circuit for fluorescent la!ps with self-oscillating series resonant in erter into a di!!a0le one" >i!!ing function is achie ed 0. increasing the switching fre,uenc. of the in erter fro! the natural fre,uenc. of the resonant tan=, so that less energ. is coupled to the la!p" Control of the switching fre,uenc. is 0ased on deri ing an adIusta0le dc current source fro! the resonant inductor in the resonant tan= to control the operating point of the satura0le transfor!ers for dri ing the switches in the in erter" %he o erall i!ple!entation does not re,uire an. integrated circuit" ( 131 protot.pe has 0een 0uilt and studied" %heoretical predictions ha e 0een erified with e6peri!ental results" %he la!p can 0e di!!ed down to 10H of the full 0rightness" [$5] *" *" -" Chan, M" *" M" Chung, and *" 5" A" Mui, "( h.0rid la!p power control sche!e for di!!a0le electronic 0allast to !ini!i7e a!0ient te!perature effect," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power

Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 13$2" ( h.0rid la!p power control sche!e for di!!a0le electronic 0allast is proposed" (part fro! adIusting the 0rightness of the la!p, the proposed !ethod can also !ini!i7e the a!0ient te!perature effect on affecting the light output" &nstead of regulating the la!p current, the proposed !ethod is 0ased on regulating the power suppl.ing to the la!p" Dirst di!!ing operation is achie ed 0. regulating the dc oltage at the 0allast in erter input" *econd ariation of the la!p power Kdue to the te!perature effectL is regulated 0. sensing the in erter a erage input current to adIust the switching fre,uenc. of the in erter" (n 1#1 protot.pe has 0een 0uilt and tested" %he la!p power and lu!inous output of the protot.pe at the a!0ient te!perature fro! 5<deg/C to 35<deg/C ha e 0een studied" [$2] *" Chandrase=aran and 8" ?" Fo=dere, "&ntegrated !agnetics for interlea ed dc-dc 0oost con erter for fuel cell powered ehicles," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 352" %he conception, anal.sis and e6peri!ental de!onstration of an integrated !agnetics K&-L core structure for a 3-phase interlea ed >C->C 0oost con erter for fuel cell powered ehicles are presented in this paper" %he 0enefits of current interlea ing in reducing inductor current switching ripple at low switching fre,uenc. and with low inductance are well =nown" %he &- core structure ena0les olu!e and weight reduction of the !agnetics o er a discrete i!ple!entation while pro iding further ripple reduction of inductor currents and i!pro ed efficienc." %he effect of !agnetic coupling 0etween the interlea ing phases in the &- core is descri0ed" ( no el co!posite &- core structure, which !ini!i7es inductor current ripple, is introduced" Co!parati e anal.sis with a discrete i!ple!entation is presented" %he ad antages of !atched dut. c.cles in reducing resisti e power loss and si!plif.ing the con erter transfer functions are presented" %he i!pact of para!eter ariation on the perfor!ance capa0ilities of the con erter is descri0ed" ( erage and s!all signal !odels of the con erter with the &- core are deri ed" '6peri!ental results are presented to alidate the operation and perfor!ance ad antages of the proposed core structure" [$3] 8"-J" Chang and C"-M" Mu, "(n e6ponential-folds design of a charge pu!p st.led dc;dc con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 512" ( charge pu!p st.led >C;>C con erter utili7ing the e6ponential-folds structure and the pu!ping gain increase K)F&L circuit with high oltage transfer efficienc. is proposed in this paper" ( )F& circuit used in the linear >C;>C con erter is proposed to sol e the threshold oltage pro0le! and li!itation of the diode-configured output stage so that the 0oosted output oltage increases !ore linearl. ersus the pu!ping stage nu!0er" 1ith the e6ponential-folds structure, fewer oltage pu!p stages are needed to o0tain the higher output oltage and further i!pro e the oltage pu!ping gain" 'speciall., this design still has good efficienc. with low input suppl. oltage such as one 0atter. cell" [$#] 8"-J" Chang and M"-D" 8iu, "( fle6i0le and cost-effecti e fa!il. for ac;dc con erters with input-currentshaper and fast output- oltage-regulation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3113" %his paper presents a fle6i0le and cost-effecti e design for (C;>C Con erter with input current shaper and fast output oltage regulation in wide range input application" %hese single-stage (C;>C con erters are 0ased on a 0oost t.pe input-current-shaper K&C*L" (n additional winding in !ain transfor!er replaces !ost part of a 0ul= inductor in a 0oost t.pe &C*, so the weight and si7e of !agnetic !aterial are significantl. reduced" %he total har!onic distortion K%M>L of a line current co!plies with &'C21000-3-2" ( !agnetic feed0ac= !ethod is e!plo.ed in the new topologies" %herefore, the oltage across 0ul= capacitor can 0e hold under 450 0. tuning transfor!er windings ratio e en though the con erter operates in wide range input oltage K$0 -225 ;acL" ( fast output oltage regulation is achie ed 0. e!plo.ing si!ple oltage !ode control or con entional pea=-current !ode control" [$$] 8"-J" Chang, 5"--" 8iu, and M"-D" 8iu, "(n integrated single-stage ac;dc con erter with 7 s acti ecla!ping for uni ersal line applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists

Conference, 2004, pp" 35$" *i!ple topolog., high perfor!ance and low cost penalt. are often the pri!ar. o0Iecti es in !an. low-power applications" &n this paper, a no el single-stage (C;>C con erter which dra!aticall. reduces the de ices count and circuit co!ple6it. is introduced" %he con erter integrates the function of input current shaping, tight output oltage regulation and 7ero- oltage-switching KB+*L acti e-cla!ping" 1ith a coupled pri!ar. winding, the rectifier diodes and the 0ul= inductor in the con entional )DC cell are eli!inated in the proposed con erter" G. choosing appropriate turn-ratio of the windings, the oltage across the 0ul= capacitor can 0e effecti el. controlled, and the input current har!onics can 0e li!ited to !eet &'C 21000-3-2 Class > specifications" %he con erter is anal.7ed and erified with 4# +;30 1 output and the line input oltage range is fro! $0 to 220 +" &t is shown that the power dissipated on two acti e switches can 0e =ept around 1"#2-3"1# 1 for uni ersal line input oltages" [100] D" Charfi, -" G" -essaoud, D" *ella!i, J" (l-Maddad, and G" Drancois, ")ower s.ste! fault !onitoring using wa elet transfor!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" $1$" %his paper descri0es a !ethod of detection and identification of three-phase oltage-source in erter faults, feeding an induction !achine" %he detection !echanis! is 0ased on wa elet deco!position" >au0echies 4 wa elet was selected as the wa elet 0ase to perfor! stator current anal.sis during transients" 1a elet co!ponents appear to 0e useful for detecting, locali7ing and classif.ing the source of fault" [101] (" Chen and O" Me, "( h.0rid cla!ped !ultile el in erter topolog. with neutral point oltage 0alancing a0ilit.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3$52" ( !ultile el in erter topolog. cla!ped together 0. acti e and passi e de ices is proposed in this paper, which is 0ased on the anal.sis of the e6isting three t.pes of !ultile el con erter topologies" %he new topolog. can 0alance >C lin= capacitor oltages 0. itself without additional circuit and separated >C oltage sources, regardless of load characteristics" &t can 0e used in real power and reacti e power con ersion applications" %he topolog. structure, operating principle and self- oltage 0alancing a0ilit. are anal.7ed" Dinall., the alidit. is confir!ed 0. si!ulations and e6peri!ents 0ased on a fi e-le el in erter" [102] C" C" Chen, 5" %" Chuang, 5" -" Chen, and %" D" 1u, "-ulti-phase !ulti-la!p dri ing s.ste! for lcd 0ac= light," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1#23" %his paper presents a !ulti-phase !ulti-la!p dri ing s.ste! for li,uid cr.stal displa. K8C>L 0ac= light" %he dri ing s.ste! adopts a !ulti-phase in erter to dri e cold cathode fluorescent la!ps KCCD8L to reduce input current ripple" Durther!ore, to pre ent current i!0alance a!ong la!ps a !ultiphase transfor!er is introduced in the proposed s.ste!" Co!pared with the con entional single-phase dri ing s.ste!, the proposed one can ha e the !erit of re,uiring less nu!0er of transfor!ers" ( threephase dri ing s.ste! with current 0alancing transfor!er has 0een 0uilt, fro! which e6peri!ental results ha e erified the feasi0ilit. of the proposed !ulti-phases dri ing s.ste!" [103] F" Chen, A" Gurgos, B" 8iang, D" 8acau6, D" 1ang, C" >" +an 1.=, 1" F" 4dendaal, and >" Goro.e ich, "Aelia0ilit.-oriented design considerations for high-power con erter !odules," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 41$" &n this paper, proper and detailed relia0ilit. !odels for the power con erter are addressed to assess the relia0ilit. of the s.ste!, ta=ing into account the effects of stresses and en iron!ent on the relia0ilit. of the co!ponents" Gased on that, a s.ste! design strateg. is proposed in two different wa.s, either through a s.ste! or co!ponents point of iew" %he for!er i!plies the !ini!i7ation of the nu!0er of co!ponents, thus si!plif.ing the con erter structure, and the !ini!i7ation of stress on the different de ices and co!ponents" %he latter pursues the e!plo.!ent of the 0est possi0le technolog. per a aila0le co!ponent" Dinall., a relia0ilit.-oriented design for a three phase (C to >C, 0idirectional power con erter

!odule is presented" [104] F" Chen, 5" Chen, 8" D" *anche7, and J" -" *!edle., "( unified oltage ,ualit. conditioner without reference calculation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4251" +oltage ,ualit. is one of the !ost i!portant factors of the power ,ualit. in distri0ution s.ste!s and is sensiti e to !an. custo!ers" +oltage ,ualit. pro0le!s include: (!plitude errors KregulationL, har!onics, phase un0alance, sag or swell, flic=, i!pulse, and interrupt;outage etc" %his paper adopts the 4ne C.cle Control K4CCL !ethod in a series connection topolog., which here acts as a ?nified +oltage @ualit. Conditioner K?+@CL to deal with !ost of the pro0le!s identified a0o e" %he new 4CC-?+@C has !an. ad antages including no reference calculation resulting in a great si!plicit., fast transient response, high precision, constant switching fre,uenc., and e6cellent relia0ilit." %he principle of the proposed ?+@C is pro ided in detail" %he perfor!ances of oltage ,ualit. i!pro e!ent are erified 0. si!ulation and e6peri!ental results" [105] M" Chen, "%he parallel dri e s.ste! of the dou0le switched reluctance !otors 0ased on fu77. logic," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3302" %he de eloped parallel dri e s.ste! of the dou0le *witched Aeluctance !otors is introduced" %he co!ponent parts of the s.ste!, such as the structure of the 12;# !otor, the topolog. of the power con erter, the structure of the rotor position detector and the control pattern of the fi6ed angle )1- control strateg. with fu77. logic algorith! are presented" %he !ain !otor could 0e controlled with closed-loop rotor speed control" %he de iation of the rotor speed 0etween the !ain !otor and the su0ordinate !otor, and the de iation of the a erage >C supplied current of the power con erter 0etween the !ain !otor and the su0ordinate !otor are two input control para!eters" %he incre!ent of the dut. ratio of the )1- signal of the su0ordinate !otor is the output control para!eter" %he e6peri!ental tests are !ade" &t is shown that the error of the rotor speed of the su0ordinate !otor is within 5H and the error of the output tor,ue of the su0ordinate !otor is within 10H" [102] M" Chen, '" J" J" *ng, and J" C" %seng, "Fenerali7ed opti!al traIector. control for closed loop control of series-parallel resonant con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 13#2" &n this paper, the generali7ed opti!al traIector. control KF4%CL for the series-parallel resonant con erter K*)ACL is presented" &t allows the non-linear resonant circuit of the *)AC ha ing an ar0itrar. starting state to reach a desired stead. state in the shortest possi0le ti!e" Gased on F4%C, a traditional feed0ac= controller with inner current and outer oltage state-feed0ac= is designed for an *)AC 0ased >C>C con erter" %he F4%C 0ased feed0ac= controller allows higher feed0ac= loop gains to 0e used co!pared with si!ple fre,uenc. control of the resonant circuit" %his results in either 0etter distur0ance reIection for the con erter or the possi0ilit. of reducing output filter si7ing" *i!ulation results are used to erif. the theoretical clai!s at this stage" [103] C"-C" Chen, M"-5" 8in, 5"-%" 8in, and 1"-5" Chung, "&ntegrated pulse-width-!odulation circuit using c!os processes," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1352" (n integrated pulse-width-!odulation K)1-L circuit using C-4* processes is presented in this paper" %he proposed )1- circuit onl. consists of C-4* transistors and can 0e i!ple!ented with digital C-4* processes without internal or;and e6ternal passi e co!ponents" %his circuit can 0e operated at low oltage and low power" [10#] C"-C" Chen, C"-M" *u, M"-5" 8in, C"-C" Chang, 5" 8ee, %"-C" Chen, M"-C" 1ang, J"-*" Chang, and )"-*" 8in, "&ntegrated current sensing circuit suita0le for step-down dc-dc con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1140"

( new integrated current sensing circuit suita0le for step-down dc-dc con erter is presented in this paper" %he current sensing circuit can full. !easure the inductor current through sensing the current of power switches whether the high side or low side switch is turned on" %he proposed circuits can wor= in dcdc con erters such that the loading current can 0e !anaged through control theories" [10$] 8" Chen, 8" Oiao, C" Fong, and 5" 5an, "Circulating currentEs characteristics anal.sis and the control strateg. of parallel s.ste! 0ased on dou0le close-loop controlled si," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 43$1" Aeal and reacti e power circulation will produce 0ecause of the differences of a!plitude and phase of each !oduleEs output oltage in parallel in erter s.ste!" %he e6pression of e,ui alent output i!pedance is ac,uired through the close-loop transfer functions of dou0le close-loop controlled in erter, then the characteristics of circulating current of parallel s.ste! are well researched fro! the point of iew of e,ui alent output i!pedance" %heoretic anal.sis and e6peri!ental results pro e that the !agnitude of circulating current is proportional to the oltage difference and to the reciprocal of e,ui alent output i!pedanceEs !odulus, the ratio of reacti e and real power circulation is deter!ined 0. the tangent of output i!pedanceEs angle" Dinall. a new control strateg. for this =ind of parallel in erter s.ste! is proposed and erified 0. si!ulation and e6peri!ental results" [110] )" Chen, M" Bhong, B" @ian, and B" 8u, "%he passi e e!i cancellation effects of . capacitor and c! !odel of transfor!ers used in switching !ode power supplies Ks!psL," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1032" Connecting a 5-safet. capacitor 0etween the pri!ar. return line ter!inal and the secondar. return line ter!inal is a er. co!!on !easure in '-& design for an isolated switching !ode power supplies K*-)*L" 1h. this 5-safet. capacitor can i!pro e '-& perfor!ance of *-)* is not so well =nown"(nal.sis of the passi e '-& cancellation effect of this 5-safet. capacitor has 0een carried out and e6peri!entall. e aluated" (nd an accurate and si!ple C- Kco!!on !odelL !odel of transfor!er has 0een discussed" [111] @" Chen, B" Chen, and -" -cCor!ic=, "%he application and opti!i7ation of c-t.pe filter in a co!0ined har!onic power filter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1041" ( new construction of h.0rid power filters, which needs lower capacit. of acti e co!ponent co!paring with e6isting h.0rid power filter, is proposed" &n order to decrease the rating of acti e filter, a Ct.pe filter is adopted which is in series with the acti e filter, for its high i!pedance at the funda!ental fre,uenc. while presenting a low i!pedance at the har!onic fre,uencies" %he !ost acti e power filters e6isted re,uire a large power rating, while this configuration can reduce large rating of acti e power filter as the C-t.pe filter carries !ost of the funda!ental oltage" &n order to 0e satisfied the criterion of the har!onics co!pensation and run in an econo!ic wa., a para!eters opti!i7ation of C-t.pe filter is put forwarded" %he si!ulation is !ade in this paper, which is with the opti!i7ed para!eters" &t is confir!ed 0. anal.sis and si!ulation that the co!0ined power filter with opti!i7ed C-t.pe filter runs in an effecti e and econo!ic wa. in the har!onic co!pensation" [112] A" Chen, C" >" +an 1.=, *" 1ang, and 1" F" 4dendaal, "%echnologies and characteristics of integrated e!i filters for switch !ode power supplies," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4#33" )ower electronics con erters are potentiall. large '-& noise source to their near0. electrical and electronic e,uip!ents 0ecause of the switching function" '-& filters are necessar. to insure the electro!agnetic co!pati0ilit." Con entional discrete '-& filters are consisted of a fairl. large nu!0er of co!ponents, with different shapes, si7es and for! factors, and the. are !anufactured 0. different

processing and pac=aging technologies, of which !a. include la0or intensi e processing steps" (s a result, discrete '-& filters are usuall. 0ul=., high profile, with poor space and !aterial utili7ation factors" &n addition to that, 0ecause of the parasitic para!eters of the discrete co!ponents and the interconnection 0oard la.out, the high fre,uenc. attenuation of discrete '-& filters is reduced" Mence the effecti e filter fre,uenc. range is li!ited" (i!ing at these issues, integration technologies for '-& filters are studied" 4ur goal is to acco!plish integrated '-& filters with structural, functional and processing integration to achie ed s!aller si7e, lower profile, 0etter perfor!ance and reduced fa0rication ti!e and cost" [113] A"-%" Chen and 5"-5" Chen, "( no el single stage push pull con erter with integrated !agnetics and ripplefree input current," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3#4#" %his paper presents a no el single stage push-pull 0oost con erter with a i!pro ed integrated !agnetics and ripple-free input current" &t is found that the push pull con erter when the dut. c.cles greater than 50H can si!plif. the front of 0oost-t.pe con erter to a no el single stage con erter" Coupled inductor techni,ues pro ide a !ethod to reduce the con erter si7e and weight and achie e ripple-free current" (ll the !agnetic co!ponents including input filter inductor and step-down transfor!er are integrated into a single 'l core" %he protot.pe is 0uilt to de!onstrate the theoretical prediction" coupled inductors, single stage, integrated !agnetics, ripple-free, push-pull 0oost con erter" [114] *" Chen and F" Coos, "( distur0ance predicti e dead0eat control for unified series-parallel power ,ualit. co!pensators," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 11#0" ( nu!0er of power electronic s.ste!s co!0ine two or !ore power con erters coupled to the utilit. in series or parallel" %his paper de elops a unified dead0eat controller for !ultiple-con erter s.ste!s" %he a0c-ass transfor!ation decouples the con erters into two single-phase e,ui alents, and allows the i!ple!entation of the proposed dead0eat control" ( second order predicti e !ethod is used to esti!ate the suppl. oltage for feed forward co!pensation of the distur0ance, and the inherent co!puting ti!e dela. caused 0. the dead0eat controller is co!pensated e er. two sa!pling periods" %he resulting s.ste! e,uations are opti!i7ed to reduce the co!putational effort of the >*) controller" %he theoretical predictions are erified" [115] *" Chen and F" Coos, ">irect power control of acti e filters with a eraged switching fre,uenc. regulation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 11#3" %his paper de elops a direct power control structure to i!pro e the perfor!ance of acti e filters" %he )1- switching functions are defined 0ased on the instantaneous power ter!s and the 0andwidths of the two h.steresis co!parators are d.na!icall. adIusted to li!it the a eraged switching fre,uenc." %he controller directl. uses the instantaneous power as control aria0les, to replace the current and oltage aria0les used in !ulti-loop control s.ste!s" &t de!onstrates that full control of the acti e filter, including the line current and the dc-0us oltage, can 0e reali7ed within an integrated control loop" %he ad antages of the proposed control strateg. are erified 0. si!ulation and e6peri!ental results on a 2 =+( la0orator. protot.pe" [112] 5" Chen, >" J"-1" Cheng, and 5"-*" 8ee, "( si!ulation-0ased co!parison of direct and indirect currentsharing !ethods," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2342" Current-sharing KC*L techni,ues are de eloped to e en out the current stresses a!ong nonidentical paralleled power !odules" >ifferent applications of the! result in different C* !ethods" Dor a parallel power !odule s.ste! with oring-connected configuration, which is widel. used to achie e high relia0ilit., there are two =inds of the C* !ethods: the direct !ethod and the indirect !ethod" &n the direct !ethod, the C* function is i!ple!ented in the power !odules" &n the indirect !ethod, the C* function is i!ple!ented in the oring-connected protection circuit" Co!pared with the direct !ethod, the indirect !ethod offers the ad antage of re,uiring no C* interconnections a!ong the power !odules, which !a=es

the paralleling of power !odules !uch si!pler" *ince the indirect !ethod is a newl. de eloped !ethod, not !uch has 0een reported regarding its perfor!ance" %his paper ai!s to !a=e a si!ulation-0ased co!parison of the direct and indirect !ethods" %he focus is on the stead.-state and d.na!ic-state characteristics" [113] 5" Chen, 1" 8iu, @" *ong, and @" 5u, ")w! and capacitor oltage 0alance control strategies for h.0rid $le el in erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3425" )1- and capacitor oltage 0alance control strategies for h.0rid $-le el in erter are in estigated in this paper" ( direct )1- !ethod 0ased on deco!position of reference oltage for h.0rid $le el in erter is proposed" %he 39sup:rd9;sup:, $9sup:th9;sup: and 159sup:th9;sup: order 7erose,uence oltages are inIected into the reference signal of h.0rid $-le el in erter to control the capacitor oltage 0alance of M-0ridge in erter" >ead-ti!e effect of h.0rid $-le el in erter is anal.7ed in detail and a !odified co!pensation !ethod a aila0le to h.0rid $-le el in erter is proposed" '6peri!ental results de!onstrate the alidit. of the proposed control strategies" %he a0nor!al pulses induced 0. the dead-ti!e effect are co!pletel. co!pensated through the proposed !odified dead-ti!e co!pensation !ethod" M.0rid $-le el in erter outputs 0etter wa efor!s for the %otal Mar!onic >istortion K%M>L of output oltage is s!all than 3H" [11#] B" Chen, D" Glaa0Ierg, and C" J" )edersen, "Mar!onic resonance da!ping with a h.0rid co!pensation s.ste! in power s.ste!s with dispersed generation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3030" ( h.0rid co!pensation s.ste! consisting of an acti e filter and a group of distri0uted passi e filters has 0een studied pre iousl." %he passi e filters are used for each distorting load or >ispersed Feneration K>FL unit to re!o e !aIor har!onics and pro ide reacti e power co!pensation" %he acti e filter is connected in parallel with the distri0uted passi e filters and loads;>Cs to correct the s.ste! un0alance and re!o e the re!aining har!onic co!ponents" %he effecti eness of the presented co!pensation s.ste! has also 0een de!onstrated" %his paper studies the perfor!ance of the h.0rid co!pensation s.ste! under s.ste! har!onic resonance" %he har!onic resonance and the characteristics of har!onic sources are 0riefl. descri0ed" %he da!ping effects of the acti e filter in the h.0rid filter s.ste! are anal.7ed with a si!plified circuit" (n e6a!ple s.ste! including arious power electronic interfaces is used to illustrate the har!onic resonance and the da!ping effects of the acti e filter" %he i!pedance characteristics and their ariation with circuit configuration are presented and the s.ste! 0eha ior under a grid 0ac=ground har!onic source is studied 0. si!ulation" %he si!ulation results ha e de!onstrated that the har!onic resonance can 0e da!ped effecti el." %he h.0rid filter s.ste! is an effecti e co!pensation s.ste! for dispersed generation s.ste!s" &n the co!pensation s.ste!, the passi e filters are !ainl. responsi0le for !ain har!onic and reacti e power co!pensation of each indi idual load; >F unit while the acti e filter can da!p the har!onic resonance, correct the s.ste! un0alance and re!o e re!aining har!onics" [11$] )"-%" Cheng and 5"-M" Chen, ">esign and i!ple!entation of solid-state transfer switches for power ,ualit. enhance!ent," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 110#" +oltage sags ha e 0eco!e one of the !aIor power ,ualit. concerns in recent .ears" Dor !anufacturers which ha e auto!ated production lines, a few c.cles of oltage sags can interrupt the entire production line and result in significant losses" Dor e6a!ple, a t.pical se!iconductor foundr. in %aiwan loses ?*U 100,000 to ?*U 1,000,000 per sag e ent" (s the high-tech !anufacturers often gather closel. in the industr. par=, the utilit. pro ides pre!iu! grid arrange!ent to the par=, such as direct connection fro! the high- oltage trans!ission networ=, or independent power feeders" %hese approaches i!pro e the relia0ilit. and ,ualit. of electric power, Mowe er, oltage sags still can not 0e eli!inated" %his paper will discuss the use of th.ristor-0ased solid-state transfer switches K*%*sL to pro ide ride-through during oltage sags for critical and sensiti e industrial loads" ( *.nchronous-Aeference-Dra!e-0ased control !ethod for identif.ing oltage sags is presented" 8a0orator. test results are presented to alidate the effecti eness of the controller" Co!parisons 0etween the proposed controller and other control !ethod

proposed in pre ious literatures will also 0e de!onstrated to show the i!pro e!ent" [120] 5" Cheng and )" 8ataire, "(d anced control !ethods for the 3-phase unified power ,ualit. conditioner," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4223" (d anced control !ethods for the 3-phase unified power ,ualit. conditioner are presented, which are using a shunt in erter for sinusoidal current loading, power factor correction and oltage har!onics co!pensation, whilst using a series in erter for d.na!ic oltage correction and har!onics co!pensation on the power distri0ution networ=s" >ual coupled oltage source in erters with onl. the !easure!ents at the in erter side of the transfor!erKsL are protot.ped, on which our proposed control principles are applied" 8a0orator. tests of d.na!ic oltage restoration ha e shown that our protot.pe s.ste! has a er. ,uic= and precise response/ there0. high power ,ualit. can 0e achie ed" [121] *" C" Chiang, J"-8" Chai, and 5"-5" %7ou, ">esign and i!ple!entation of single-phase three-wire rectifierin erter for ups applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1$23" *ingle-phase three-wire ?)*s are widel. applied to co!!ercial applications for suppl.ing the 110+;220+ critical loads" Dor the on-line ?)* containing the rectifier and in erter circuits with cascaded connection, it is 0etter to connect together the neutral line of 0oth circuits for safet. reason" Mowe er, in so!e applications onl. two-wire input is a aila0le such that the neutral line of the three-wire output has to float" %his !a. cause un0alanced >C-lin= capacitor oltages when two 110+ loads are un0alanced if the split-capacitor topolog. is e!plo.ed" *i!ilarl., two 110+ output oltages will 0e un0alanced in the 0.pass !ode if the input oltage is two-wire" %o sol e these pro0le!s a rectifier-in erter topolog. with a N-leg switch connecting to the neutral line of the load is proposed in this paper to replace the con entional splitcapacitors topolog." (s the input oltage is three-wire that the input and the load oltages ha e co!!on neutral line, the control signal of the N-leg switch is 7ero ai!ing for onl. flowing the un0alanced load current" 4n the contrar., as the input oltage is two-wire the control signal of the N-leg turns to 0alance two 110+ load oltages" 1ith the proposed configuration not onl. two 110+ output oltages are 0alanced, the input power factor is also !aintained unit. and the input current is 0alanced e en under three-wire input oltage and un0alanced loads" &n addition to !odel the fi e-legs rectifier-in erter, the detailed design of the controllers is pro ided" ( 4J+( s.ste! is designed and i!ple!ented in this paper" [122] *" C" Chiang, C" M" 8in, and C" 5" 5en, "Current li!itation control techni,ue for parallel operation of ups in erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1$22" %his paper presents a current li!itation control techni,ue for !ulti-!odule parallel ?)* in erters" (ll in erter !odules are with oltage and current control loops" Mowe er, onl. the oltage loop of the !aster !odule is acti e" %he current co!!and of the !aster !odule is generated 0. its oltage controller" +oltage loops of all sla e !odules are idle running" %he sla e !odule is onl. for sharing load current with its current co!!and generated fro! the pre ious !odule" G. li!iting the output current co!!and of each !odule and sending the difference 0etween the li!ited and unli!ited current co!!ands to the ne6t !odule, each !odule onl. has to share the load current not co!pletel. pro ided 0. all pre ious !odules" %hrough circular chain connection of the !odules, the nu!0er of control interconnection can 0e !ini!i7ed" %he !aster !odule also can 0e switched on-line with negligi0le distur0ance for oltage regulation" >ue to onl. one oltage loop is acti e at an. ti!e, the proposed !ethod is the !ost sta0le one as co!pared with other !ethods with control interconnection" %his paper also proposes a ro0ust controller for !aintaining good oltage regulating perfor!ance e en when the parallel nu!0er of !odules has a large change" %hree 1J+( !odules are i!ple!ented" %he effecti eness of the proposed techni,ue is confir!ed with e6peri!ental results" [123] J" -" Cho, 1" *" 4h, 1" *" Chung, and M" C" Ji!, "( new class-d stereo audio a!plifier using direct spea=er current control," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 130#"

%his paper presents a new class-> stereo audio a!plifier using three-phase full 0ridge circuit configuration, which is controlled 0. a new switching !ethod for the current control" &n the proposed switching !ethod, the switching de ice of upper ar! or lower ar! of the 0ridge circuit independentl. acts according to the polarit. of the reference current without dead ti!e, which is inserted to pre ent the ar! short" %herefore, the proposed witching !ethod is er. useful for high fre,uenc. switching" (lso threephase full 0ridge circuit is proposed as a !ain circuit for the class-> stereo a!plifier" %he proposed circuit can reduce two switching de ices co!pared with the con entional stereo a!plifier uses two full 0ridge circuits" &n this paper, the specified strateg. for dri ing stereo a!plifier with three-phase full 0ridge circuit is discussed" 1ith the e6peri!ental results, usefulness of the proposed a!plifier is confir!ed" [124] J"-A" Cho, C"-J" *eo=, and >"-C" 8ee, "-echanical para!eter identification of ser o s.ste!s using ro0ust support ector regression," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3425" %he o erall perfor!ance of (C ser o s.ste! is greatl. affected 0. the uncertainties of unpredicta0le !echanical para!eter ariations and e6ternal load distur0ances" %herefore, to co!pensate this pro0le!, it is necessar. to =now different para!eters and load distur0ances su0Iected to position;speed control" %his paper proposes an online identification !ethod of !echanical para!eters;load distur0ances for (C ser o s.ste! using *upport +ector Aegression K*+AL" %he proposed !ethodolog. ad ocates anal.tic para!eter regression directl. fro! the training data, rather than adapti e controller and o0ser er approaches co!!onl. used in !otion control applications" %he e6peri!ental results de!onstrate that the proposed *+A algorith! is appropriate for control of un=nown ser o s.ste!s e en with large !easure!ent noise" [125] M"-*" Choi and >" 5" Muh, ")rotection sche!es for arious fault conditions for off-line fl.0ac= con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4355" Aecentl., !ost electronics !anufactures re,uire high relia0ilit. of switched !ode power suppl. against arious fault situations such as o er load, output short or rectifier diode short" %his paper presents si!ple and effecti e protection sche!es for the off-line fl.0ac= con erter" %he proposed protection sche!es can protect the power -4*D%' fro! arious a0nor!al conditions" %he alidit. and effecti eness of the proposed sche!es are erified through e6peri!ental results" [122] C"-M" Choi, C"-1" Ji!, and >"-5" Muh, "%he new techni,ue for the lowest power consu!ption in the stand0. of power suppl.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 341" *-)* losses consist of switching loss, conduction loss, and core loss" &n case of light load the switching loss ta=es the !ost things in *-)*" Con entional 0urst !ode operation !eets the re,uire!ent of low power consu!ption" Gut, it is not sufficient for 8ow fre,uenc. switching at no-load condition to pro ide the source of &CEs Gias" Migh fre,uenc. switching increases switching loss of *-)*" -oreo er recentl. lower stand-0. power, the input power of a0out 0"0$!1 at the no-load condition, is re,uired" %his paper presents that during the 0urst !ode decreasing &CEs consu!ption power at the internal 0loc= !a=es s.ste! high efficient and pre ents !alfunction at the !ini!u! load" [123] *" Choi and -" Cang, "( single phase in erter - 7ig7ag transfor!er h.0rid filter to suppress neutral har!onic currents in three-phase four-wire s.ste!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4203" %his paper proposes a new h.0rid filter to suppress neutral har!onic currents in three-phase four-wire s.ste!s" %he co!pensation characteristics illustrate that the proposed sche!e wor=s well not onl. with har!onic oltage-source loads 0ut also with har!onic current-source loads" ?nder un0alanced loading, the proposed filter eli!inates onl. har!onics in the neutral current while it does not affect the funda!ental" %he +( rating of the in erter is significantl. reduced co!pared to the con entional one" %he e6peri!ental results on a protot.pe alidate the proposed control approach"

[12#]

M" *" M" Chung, 1"-8" Cheung, and J"-*" %ang, "( 7cs 0idirectional fl.0ac= con erter," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1502" %his paper addresses the design and anal.sis of a 7ero-current-switched KBC*L 0i-directional fl.0ac= dc;dc con erter" %he con erter is 0ased on e6tending a pre iousl. de eloped unidirectional BC* fl.0ac= con erter and replacing the output diode with a controlled switch, which acts as either a rectifier or a power control switch in the corresponding power flow direction" G. adding an au6iliar. winding in the coupled inductor, a switch, and a capacitor, the hard-switching design is con erted into a soft-switching one" %he techni,ue utili7es the lea=age inductance of the fl.0ac= coupled inductor to create 7ero-currentswitching conditions for all switches in 0oth power flow directions, leading to reduced switching losses, stresses, and electro!agnetic interference" %he operating principles of the con erter and e6peri!ental results ha e 0een presented"

[12$]

F" Cie7=i and A" 1" (shton, "4pti!al design of a soft-swiched dc-dc con erter for a protot.pe dc distri0ution s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1331" 1ith goals of increased littoral operation and reduced !anning, future ?"*" Na al surface co!0atants !ust e!plo. new technologies and architectures that 0etter ena0le the essel to sustain 0attle da!age and continue to fight effecti el." *ince the power s.ste! is integral to ship0oard co!0at s.ste! and da!age control operation, the ?"*" Na . is in estigating power electronics-0ased distri0ution topologies that enhance sur i a0ilit. 0. pro!oting controlla0ilit. and s.ste! reconfiguration" Constrained 0. !ulti-!egawatt power re,uire!ents and li!ited space, such architectures re,uire uni,ue !ultifunctional, high-efficienc., power dense con erters" 4ne approach to !a6i!i7ing power densit. is to adopt soft-switching or resonant con erter topologies" &n this paper, the authors report on efforts to design, opti!i7e, and alidate the perfor!ance of a selected #=1 soft-switching dc-dc con erter" %he con erter specifications were selected to ena0le inclusion in a reduced-scale power s.ste! test platfor!"

[130]

-" Cirrincione, -" )ucci, F" Cirrincione, and F"-(" Capolino, "( new adapti e neural integrator for i!pro ing open-loop speed esti!ators in induction !achine dri es," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3342" %his paper presents a new adapti e integrator to a oid the >C drift pheno!ena and the initial condition pro0le! t.pical of open-loop integration !ethods" %his adapti e neural integrator has 0een applied to an open-loop speed esti!ator used in a rotor-flu6-oriented ector control of an induction !achine dri e" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental results show the i!pro e!ent of this new integrator as for the d.na!ical perfor!ance of the dri e and the speed accurac. esti!ation in the low speed region Karound 30 rp!L" ( co!parison is then !ade e6peri!entall. with a classical speed esti!ation using a 8) K8ow-)assL filter for integrating"

[131]

-" Cirrincione, -" )ucci, F" *cordato, and F" +itale, "( low-cost three-le el con erter for low-power electrical dri es with induction !otor applied to direct tor,ue control," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4531" %his paper presents the reali7ation of a low-cost low-power 3-le el in erter for electrical dri es with induction !achines controlled 0. a new >%C algorith!" %he adopted >%C sche!e e!plo.s a suita0l. de ised oltage 0alancing algorith! which !antains constant the oltages across the >C lin= capacitors" &n particular, a protot.pe of a 3-le el in erter, 0oth in its signal and power stages, has 0een 0uilt and e6peri!entall. erified in a >%C dri e with an induction !otor" %his wor= shows the detailed description of the new >%C control algorith! for a 3-le el in erter and of the oltage 0alancing algorith!" -oreo er the !ain stages of the in erter itself and the corresponding circuit sche!es are descri0ed" %he e6peri!ental results show the practical feasi0ilit. of the proposed high perfor!ance dri e solution"

[132]

(" Coccia, (" >el )i77o, F" >e -arco, and -" )or7io, "*econdar. currents filtering 0. !eans of a properl. si7ed winding in a !ulticoil traction transfor!er for high power applications to li!it psopho!etric

currents," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1#34" &n high power railwa. traction applications the !odulation of traction con erters, at low switching carriers, produces har!onic currents in the range of audio fre,uencies" %o ensure correct operation !odes of the signalling circuits, the interference !agnitudes le els ha e to 0e reduced" )sopho!etric current Kp"c"L gi es an inde6 of the interference le el produced 0. traction e,uip!ents: it ta=es into account the har!onic content of the pri!ar. current wa efor! in the !ultiwinding transfor!er" %o li!it the p"c" in the feeding networ=, a !ethod for filtering har!onic currents produced 0. the !odulation of interlaced )1- rectifiers K+"*"A"L is descri0ed" ( properl. si7ed additional winding is considered on the !ulticoil transfor!er used to suppl. the traction e,uip!ent" &n the paper the s.ste! is anal.sed 0. !eans of the !athe!atical !odel and so!e design guidelines are proposed" [133] (" Conesa, A" )i,ue, '" Dossas, and F" +elasco, "*tead. state anal.sis of parallel-loaded resonant con erter with one-c.cle control," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1321" %his wor= presents the stead.-state d.na!ic anal.sis of parallel-loaded resonant con erter )AC with a 4ne-C.cle Controller at the output rectifier stage" %he goal is to erif. the intrinsic regulation and ro0ustness properties of 4ne-C.cle Control at the new proposed structure" %he anal.sis starts with the first har!onic appro6i!ation !ethod, introducing the draw0ac=s associated to this control !ethodolog." ( suita0le operating fre,uenc. is proposed and the con erter characteristic para!eters are o0tained" %hese results are co!pared with the closed-for! solutions o0tained fro! the con erter 0ilinear !odel" '6peri!ental results fro! a protot.pe are also presented to support the de eloped theor." [134] (" Consoli, -" Cacciato, (" %esta, *" >e Caro, D" Drisina, 8" Dragapane, and >" Dagone, "( spice 0eha ioural !odel of power!esh [trade!ar=] ig0ts," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2$#3" ( new, er. pro!ising fa!il. of &FG%s has 0een recentl. carried out in "-esh 4 erla." technolog." &f co!pared with pre ious generations of &FG%s, new )ower-'*M de ices show so!e =e. i!pro e!ents such as lower + 9su0:C'K*(%L9;su0:, higher current capa0ilit., lower switching ti!es and higher latch up i!!unit." &n this paper a *)&C' !odel for )ower-'*M &FG% de ices is de eloped e6ploiting a new !odeling !ethod 0ased on neural networ=s, in an effort to o0tain an opti!al trade off a!ong precision, co!ple6it. of para!eter identification procedures and co!putational speed" %he proposed approach leads to the de elop!ent of a )spice 0eha ioral !odel of )ower-esh &FG%s including te!perature effects 0oth on stead. state characteristics and d.na!ic features" *uch a !odel, can 0e effecti el. used in standard circuital si!ulators in order to si!ulate co!ple6 power con erters" %he proposed approach can 0e also applied to predict the =e. features of non e6isting de ices, on the 0asis of the !odels of ele!ents of the sa!e fa!il." [135] (" Consoli, F" *carcella, -" Cacciato, (" %esta, and *" >e Caro, "( three switch three phase in erter for standard induction !otors," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 242" %his paper proposes a trul. three switch - three phase in erter topolog., suita0le for standard induction !otors" %he oltage of the du!p capacitor is controlled through one of the phase switches, rather than introducing additional switches, or special winding connections" (ll three power switches are of the low side t.pe, greatl. si!plif.ing the practical reali7ation of the con erter" (n open loop oltage control sche!e is de eloped that dri es the !otor according to a constant +;M7 strateg." %he paper firstl. presents the theoretical de elop!ent of the proposed topolog., then the !ain features of the new in erter sche!e are in estigated through si!ulation and e6peri!ental results" [132] C" Correa, -" )once, C" (rau, -" *anche7, and '" Aodrigue7, "' aluation of close loop digital control 0ased in a !icrocontroller and used to eli!inate acoustic resonances in hid la!ps," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 401"

( closed loop digital control to eli!inate acoustic resonances K(AL in electronic 0allast for high intensit. discharge la!ps is proposed in this paper" %he s.ste! senses the (A intensit. and a !icrocontroller co!pares this signal with a reference le el in order to appl. different fre,uenc. !odulation patterns to reduce the (A intensit. until a s!aller le el to the reference alue" %he use of different fre,uenc. !odulation patterns allows a oiding the A( intensit. due to changes in the la!p eigenfre,uencies, a!0ient te!perature and the la!p aging" [133] -" G" A" Correa, C" G" Caco0ina, (" 1" -ascarenhas, (" -" N" 8i!a, and '" A" C" >a *il a, "*elfco!pensation of un0alancing for induction !otors dri e s.ste! 0ased on a ,uasi ti!e-in ariant !odel," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 43$0" (n induction !otor dri e s.ste! that has the a0ilit. to co!pensate stator winding coil turns un0alancing is studied" %he proposed dri e s.ste! e6hi0its s!ooth tor,ue when the !achine operates either under indirect field oriented control or 0ased on the standard olts;hert7 sche!e" %he proposed solution re,uires the deri ation of a s.!!etrical !odel for representing an un0alanced induction !otor and the design of a control law to co!pensate the stator winding un0alancing" '6tensi e thoeretical anal.sis and e6peri!ental tests are pro ided to de!onstrate the fesa0ilit. of the proposed solution" [13#] -" 4" Crosato and &" 1" MofsaIer, "-ini!ising conducted co!!on !ode e!i 0. charge 0alancing in a non isolated dc-dc con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3142" Co!!on !ode current is a !aIor concern in switch !ode power supplies" (s the !agnitude of current increases so too does the si7e of suppl. side '-& filtering ele!ents" (n anti phase winding i!ple!enting a charge 0alancing techni,ue can produce good results, 0ut re,uires the use of e6ternal capacitors and a well defined ground" ( new i!ple!entation of the charge 0alancing techni,ue is presented here that does not re,uire an. e6ternal co!ponents and !a=es use of the inherent parasitic capacitance of the !agnetic co!ponent %he techni,ue is particularl. successful with a planar !agnetic co!ponent" ( description of how charge 0alancing is achie ed is presented as well as li!iting conditions" '6peri!ental results are shown to erif. the theor." [13$] >" C7e=a., M" Fuldner, -" Mons0erg-Aiedl, and G" *che!!el, "-h7 power electronic applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1212" %he Cool-4* transistor in co!0ination with the silicone car0ide diode fro! &nfineon allows switching fre,uencies a0o e 1 -M7" %o de!onstrate the capa0ilit.Es of these de ices two applications are de eloped" Dirst electronic 0allasts, where the co!!onl. used 50=M7 for lightning de ices scaled up to 2"5-M7" %hree !ain functions !ust 0e integrated into the electronic 0allast, these are preheating and igniting the tu0e and dri ing the la!p in stead. state" Dor the research, the stead. state power suppl. are selected for these i!pro e!ent" *econd a >C;>C-con erter is 0uild up as fl.0ac= con erter" Goth applications shows the specific features, needed passi es for -M7-power applications and so!e topolog. enhance!ents for switching relief" [140] B" >a0oussi, "(n in erter-0ased sensorless controller for free-piston stirling engines," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1303" (n in erter 0ased sensorless controller is proposed to regulate the a!plitude of a free-piston *tirling engine [1]" G. acti el. li!iting the alternator electro!oti e force to a gi en a!plitude, piston o er stro=e and an. undesira0le growth in the piston a!plitude are pre ented" %he proposed approach eli!inates the need for an. tuning capacitors and pro ides a greater fle6i0ilit. for controlling the piston a!plitude" %he proposed approach has 0een successfull. de!onstrated using a 350 1atts free-piston *tirling engine" [141] B" >a0oussi, "*ensor-less, pw!-free starter;generator in erter topolog. for low inductance high speed p!

!achines," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 11$5" ( low cost sensor-less, )1--free starter;generator in erter topolog. for high-speed lowinductance )- !achine applications is presented" G. ta=ing ad antage of the preheating resisti e ele!ent t.picall. found in !ost !icro tur0ine s.ste!s the new topolog. achie es a )1- -free starting current regulation" (lso the proposed topolog. uses the preheating resistor ele!ent as a load du!p to pre ent an. unaccepta0le o er speed conditions due to loss of load" %o achie e sensor-less co!!utation during starting, the ter!inal oltages of the !achine are sensed and processed" 1ith )1--free regulation, switching losses are reduced significantl., conse,uentl. lower rating power switching de ices can 0e used" (lso )1--free regulation eli!inates the need for an. e6ternal inductors t.picall. used to reduce the )- !achine heating due to the high current ripple resulting fro! the switching and the !achine low inductance" Dinall., with )1--free operation the cost and the weight of the '-& filter are drasticall. reduced" (s a result !ore relia0le, lower cost and higher power densit. electronic pac=age is reali7ed" %he new topolog. was erified e6peri!entall." [142] )" (" >ahono, "( control !ethod for dc-dc con erter that has an lcl output filter 0ased on new irtual capacitor and resistor concepts," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 32" (n 8C8 output filter is co!!onl. used to !ini!i7e the output current ripple of dc-dc con erters" ( large 8C8 filter, howe er, !a. !a=es the output current response oscillator. and slow" %his paper presents a current control !ethod for dc-dc con erter that has an 8C8 output filter" %he proposed control !ethod is 0ased on new irtual capacitor and resistor concepts" +irtual capacitor is used to ensure that the stead.-state error of the output current is 7ero" +irtual resistor is used to da!p the oscillations in 8C8 output filter" '6peri!ental results are included to show the alidit. of the proposed !ethod" [143] -" >a==a=, A" ?chida, and %" &se, "*tud. on low-le el oltage of distri0uted fle6i0le networ= p s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2221" %oward sol ing the shortco!ings of stand-alone power s.ste!s in re!ote areas, a fle6i0le networ= photo oltaic s.ste! with two su0s.ste!s is proposed" %o e6ecute the transfer power control, a fle6i0le networ= )+ s.ste! is assu!ed, where all su0s.ste!s ha e the sa!e characteristics and loads sharing e6cess power" &n this fashion, this stud. descri0es an interacti e algorith! for the design of distri0uted fle6i0le networ= )+ s.ste!" &n addition, characteristics of this s.ste! calculation results of losses, distances, t.pe and prices of ca0les are clarified" -oreo er, the configuration and si!ulation results of power transfer 0etween two su0s.ste!s are shown" [144] '" >allago, -" )assoni, and F" +enchi, "*oft switching circuit for ig0ts in high-fre,uenc. 0uc= con erters using satura0le inductors," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1500" ( )1- >C;>C 0uc= con erter with a soft-switching networ= using satura0le inductors is presented" %he circuit has soft-switching transition o er a wide load range, with low electro!agnetic e!ission and high efficienc." %his paper presents its operating principle together with the relations for co!plete con erter design" %he design was applied to an &FG% protot.pe with a 300+ input oltage and a #001 output power with a switching fre,uenc. of #0=M7" '6peri!ental results on the la0orator. protot.pe showed good agree!ent with theoretical predictions" [145] (" >a!iano, F" Fatto, &" -arongiu, and (" )iroddi, "( heat sin= !odel for e!i resonance fre,uenc. deter!ination," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 233" %he capaciti e couplings 0etween electronic power de ices and heatsin= are responsi0le of i!pulsi e current circulation in the latter" %hese pheno!ena !a=e this s.ste! si!ilar to an antenna" %he electro!agnetic noise produced can gi e rise to the incorrect 0eha ior of electronic circuits and of control

s.ste!" %he anal.sis and the prediction of these effects are of funda!ental i!portance to a oid s.ste! !alfunction and to guarantee the satisfaction of '-C standards" ( '-& !odellisation of heatsin= used in electronic power s.ste! is presented in this paper" %he proposed algorith! allows to deter!ine the resonance fre,uenc. of the heatsin= in closed anal.tical for!" ( co!parati e anal.sis 0etween the results of the proposed algorith! and that deduced 0. finite ele!ent in estigations highlights a good !atching" %he first e6peri!ental results conducted on a '-C la0orator. ha e also confir!ed the alidit. of the proposed !ethod" [142] J" >e Gra0andere, G" Golsens, C" +an >en Je.0us, (" 1o.te, C" >riesen, and A" Gel!ans, "( oltage and fre,uenc. droop control !ethod for parallel in erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2501" &n this paper, a new control !ethod for the parallel operation of one or se eral in erters in an island grid or the !ains is descri0ed" Dre,uenc. and oltage control, including !itigation of oltage har!onics, are achie ed without the need for an. co!!on control circuitr. or co!!unication 0etween the in erters" 'ach in erter supplies a current that is the result of the oltage difference 0etween a reference (C oltage source and the grid oltage across a irtual i!pedance with real and;or i!aginar. parts" %he reference (C oltage source is s.nchronised with the grid, with a phase shift, depending on the difference 0etween no!inal and real grid fre,uenc." ( detailed anal.sis show that this approach has superior 0eha iour in co!parison with the e6isting droop control !ethods, considering the !itigation of oltage har!onics, short-circuit 0eha iour and, in the case of a non-negligea0le line resistance, the EefficientE control of fre,uenc. and oltage" '6peri!ents show the 0eha iour of the !ethod for an in erter feeding a highl. distorted load and during the connection of two parallel in erters in operation" [143] (" >e Castro, %" Aiesgo, 4" Farcia, and C" ?ceda, "( !ethodolog. to design custo! hardware digital controllers for switching power con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4232" >igital controllers are 0eco!ing an i!portant alternati e to the traditional analog solutions e!plo.ed for controlling switching power con erters" (!ong digital controllers, !icroprocessor-0ased i!ple!entations Ksuch as >*)sL are the !ost usual ones" Mowe er, custo! hardware i!ple!entations KD)F(s and (*&CsL are o0taining special attention for their ad antages in so!e applications, deri ed fro! their concurrenc. and high processing speed" %hese solutions are still less usual 0ecause of two !ain draw0ac=s: lac= of =nowledge 0. the designers and no !ethodolog. to follow" %his wor= focuses on the second point, proposing a !ethodolog. to design custo! hardware controllers for switching power con erters" [14#] 8" C" F" >e Dreitas, -" F" *i!oes, C" (" Canesin, and 8" C" >e Dreitas, "( no el progra!!a0le pfc 0ased h.0rid rectifier for ultra clean power application," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2132" ( no el h.0rid high power rectifier capa0le to achie e unit. power factor is proposed in this paper" *ingle-phase *')&C rectifiers are associated in parallel with each leg of three-phase 2-pulse diode rectifier resulting in a progra!!a0le input current wa efor! structure" &n this paper it is descri0ed the principles of operation of the proposed con erter with detailed si!ulation and e6peri!ental results" Dor a total har!onic distortion of the input line current K%M>9su0:&9;su0:L less than 2H the rated power of the *')&C rectifiers is 33H" %herefore, power rating of the *')&C parallel con erters is a fraction of the output power, on the range of 20H to 33H of the no!inal output power, !a=ing the proposed solution econo!icall. ia0le for high power installations, with fast pa. 0ac= of the in est!ent" -oreo er, retrofits to e6isting installations are also possi0le with this proposed topolog., since the parallel path can 0e easil. controlled 0. integration with the alread. e6isting de-lin=" '6peri!ental results are presented for a 3 =1 i!ple!ented protot.pe, in order to erif. the de eloped anal.sis" [14$] J" >e Fusse!e, >" -" +an >e *.pe, (" )" +an >en Gossche, and C" (" -el=e0ee=, ">igital control of 0oost pfc con erters operating in 0oth continuous and discontinuous conduction !ode," in PESC Record -

IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2342" 1hereas power factor correction K)DCL con erters for the lower power range Kless than or e,ual 2501L use discontinuous conduction !ode K>C-L operation, )DC con erters for higher power are co!!onl. designed for continuous conduction !ode" Ne ertheless, at light load, >C- will appear close to the crosso er of the line oltage, causing the con erter to switch 0etween 0oth conduction !odes" (s a result of this switching during a line period, the con erter d.na!ics change a0ru0tl., .ielding input current distortion" %he control sche!e, presented in this paper, e6ploits the ad antages of digital control 0. e!plo.ing dut.-ratio feedforward, in order to di!inish this source of input current distortion" [150] J" >e Fusse!e, >" -" +an >e *.pe, C" >" +an Je.0us, (" )" +an >en Gossche, and C" (" -el=e0ee=, "Dull. e,uipped half 0ridge 0uilding 0loc= for fast protot.ping of switching power con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 153#" 1ith the ad ent of high perfor!ance digital controllers, the ti!e and effort to i!ple!ent new control algorith!s for the control of power electronic con erters ha e decreased drasticall." Ne ertheless, the design and the practical i!ple!entation of power electronic con erters, intended for testing new control algorith!s, are still co!plicated and ti!e consu!ing acti ities" %herefore, a full. e,uipped half 0ridge test platfor! was designed read. to use as a funda!ental 0uilding 0loc= for arious con erter t.pes" %he test platfor! incorporates fault protection, !easure!ents of well-selected oltages and currents, and is directl. interfaca0le with !ost digital and analog controllers" >ue to these features and the fle6i0ilit. of the 0oard, this half 0ridge con erter can 0e used for research as well as for educational purposes in applications ranging fro! a si!ple 100 1 0uc= con erter up to 10 =1 in erters for !otor control" %he platfor! is de!onstrated in this paper 0. !eans of so!e 0asic con erter topologies, the half 0ridge 0oost con erter and the full 0ridge 0uc= con erter" [151] '" C" 1" >e Cong, C" (" Derreira, and )" Gauer, "' aluating ther!al !anage!ent efficienc. in con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4##1" %her!al !anage!ent in power electronic con erters ensures that all co!ponents operate within their safe operating te!perature throughout its total d.na!ic range" ( !ethod is de eloped to ,uantif. the e6tent to which a gi en ther!al !anage!ent design acco!plishes this o0Iecti e in power electronic con erters whilst ta=ing into account the in ested !aterial and olu!e to achie e the!" %wo figures of !erit are proposed to deter!ine the ther!al !anage!ent efficienc. of con erter designs" %he figures of !erit ,uantif. the effecti e use of ther!al !anage!ent !aterial and the ther!al perfor!ance of a con erter design" &t pro ides a !eans to gi e the decisi e 0rea=through on the often difficult choice 0etween a di erse nu!0er of ther!al !anage!ent techni,ues or solutions" %he i!pact of the de eloped ,uantification !ethod is illustrated 0. !eans of a sur e. perfor!ed on a nu!0er of co!!ercial power electronic con erters" [152] -" D" >e Joning, (" +elt!an, and )" )" C" +an >en Gosch, "-odeling 0atter. efficienc. with parallel 0ranches," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 141" -ost conte!porar. 0atter. !odels are series-!odels 0ased on electroche!ical principles" >escri0ing the charge;discharge efficienc. of a 0atter. is a co!ple6 issue and of !aIor i!portance in the design of control s.ste!s in future cars Kco!0ined 42+ and 14+ s.ste!sL" Not onl. does 0atter. efficienc. strongl. depend on current le els, it also aries greatl. with fre,uenc." &n this paper a parallel e,ui alent !odel is introduced to get a good grip on this !atter" ( general description of efficienc. as a function of fre,uenc., current le el and initial oltage is presented" %he parallel !odel regards the 0atter. as a s.ste! with !ultiple parallel 0uffers and .ields a different perspecti e on the energ. distri0ution and distri0ution of losses in a 0atter." Durther!ore, d.na!ic 0eha ior is easil. e6plained" >epending on the spectral load and re,uired accurac., it is possi0le to si!plif. the parallel !odel" &dentification techni,ues for 0oth linear and non-linear !odel identification are presented" &t appears that the non-linear parallel !odel is not capa0le of !odeling the 0atter. for the full fre,uenc. range" Mowe er, the identification techni,ues can 0e !odified to appl. to other !odel structures as well"

[153]

(" *" >e 4li eira Cr, '" A" >a *il a, and C" G" Caco0ina, "( h.0rid pw! strateg. for !ultile el oltage source in erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4220" %his paper proposes a si!ple pulse width !odulation K)1-L !ethod for !ultile el in erters" &t ta=es ad antage of the fact that the *pace +ector )1- switching se,uences for a !ultile el in erter are the sa!e as those created 0. the Carrier-0ased )1- when an ade,uate 7ero se,uence co!ponent is inIected into the carrier s.ste! references" %he paper introduces a generali7ed e,uation for the 7ero se,uence co!ponent, which is a function of a "0road sense" distri0ution ratio of 7ero oltage ectors" %his allows for the pulse widths to 0e easil. calculated for an. nu!0er of le els Kinclusi e twoL" %he !ethod dispenses with the co!plicated deri ation of si!ilar relations for in erters with !ore than three le els" &t can also 0e applied to deter!ine the switching pattern that !ini!i7es the switching losses when the load phase angle is ta=en into account" *i!ulated and e6peri!ental results erif. the alidit. of the proposed techni,ue"

[154]

>" &" -" >e *il a, N" J" *hrestha, )" A" )al!er, D" ?drea, F" (" C" (!aratunga, >" Cha!und, 8" Coul0ec=, and )" 1aind, "(ccurate conduction and switching loss !odels of ig0ts for resonant con erter design," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2$50" %his paper presents an accurate switching and conduction loss !odel for Bero Current *witching KBC*L and Bero +oltage *witching KB+*L &FG%s" -athe!atical !odelling is carried out gi ing careful consideration to all the significant features and dependant para!eters, na!el. collector current, resonant fre,uenc. and case te!perature" -odel para!eter e6traction is carried out using the e6peri!ental results fro! two test circuits" %he !odel shows e6cellent agree!ent with the e6peri!ental results and *)&C' si!ulation results o0tained using a ph.sical &FG% !odel"

[155]

M" >eh0onei, C" +" Na.ar, and 8" Gorle, "( !ulti-functional power processing unit for an off-grid p diesel h.0rid power s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1$2$" &n this paper a no el !ulti-functional power processing unit capa0le of e6tracting !a6i!u! power fro! solar photo oltaic panels is descri0ed" &t e!plo.s a co!0ination of a oltage controlled oltage source in erter K+C+*&L and a current controlled oltage source in erter KCC+*&L, connected in series on the >C side and in parallel on the (C side [1-3]" %his )ower )rocessing ?nit is a0le to pro ide an uninterrupti0le power suppl. feature, load oltage sta0ilisation, unit. power factor operation, !a6i!u! power point trac=ing, higher efficienc. for charging the 0atter. fro! renewa0le energ. sources and !ore reacti e power support" %he e6peri!ental results fro! the protot.ped s.ste! confir! alidit. of the proposed topolog."

[152]

(" >eihi!i and F" Menne0erger, ">esign opti!i7ation of turn-off snu00er for switched reluctance dri es," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3444" %he design opti!i7ation of industrial !otor dri es with restricted regard to a no!inal operating point has ne er satisfied engineering concerns o er opti!al dri e perfor!ance at other operating points" %his is especiall. the case, where the dri e operation is not concentrated on a few operating points" %herefore, dri es as well as dri e co!ponents, such as !achine, electronic con erter and control s.ste!, ha e to 0e designed to present an opti!al perfor!ance at all considered operating points" %his paper descri0es a design opti!i7ation !ethodolog. for turn-off snu00er circuits used in *witched Aeluctance K*AL dri es" %he goal of the opti!i7ation process is to !ini!i7e the switching losses of the electronic con erter at all operating points corresponding to an enclosed region in the tor,ue-speed plane" %he paper shows the 0etter con erter efficienc. in the presence of the opti!al turn-off snu00er" -oreo er, a con erter loss e aluation procedure is proposed" %he accurac. of this procedure is erified 0. co!parison of the predicted results with those o0tained fro! the *i!plorer pac=age and e6peri!ents" Gecause separatel. !easuring of the con erter switching losses for a running dri e is not practical, the effecti eness of the design opti!i7ation !ethodolog. is then in estigated 0ased on the proposed loss e aluation procedure"

[153]

M" >eng, (" @" Muang, and 5" -a, "Dre,uenc. response anal.sis for switching con erters in spice without a eraging," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #21" *ta0ilit. is the =e. re,uire!ent in designing switching con erter (*&C" (chie ing this re,uires an accurate loop gain design" *ince >C->C switching con erters are ti!e- ar.ing s.ste!, traditional s!all signal anal.sis in *)&C' cannot 0e directl. used to si!ulate the loop gain of this =ind of s.ste!" ( new !ethod-)eriodic s!all signal anal.sis is proposed to anal.7e and si!ulate >C->C switching con erter inside a *)&C' li=e si!ulator without the need for a eraging9sup:[1]9;sup:" %his general !ethod is suita0le for an. switching regulators" %he results are accurate co!paring with a erage !odeling and e6peri!ent results e en 0e.ond half switching fre,uenc." ( general procedure to design loop gain is de!onstrated in a pea= current control 0uc="

[15#]

M" >eng, (" @" Muang, and 5" -a, ">esign of a !onolithic high fre,uenc. fast transient 0uc= for porta0le application," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 444#" %he earth is !o0ile" %here is a huge !ar=et for !o0ile power !anage!ent &Cs toda. and in the future9sup:[1]9;sup:" Dast transient response, efficient perfor!ance, s!all profile and low cost are the !ost desired features for !o0ile power !anage!ent &C" &n this paper, a 2-M7 high efficienc., wide input range !onolithic 0uc= >C->C con erter (*&C is designed 0ased on ad anced trench GC> process" *o!e i!portant design issues such as co!pensator design for wide range of input, output oltage and load current, linear-non-linear control for fast transient response, efficienc. opti!isation, de ice opti!isation, noise separation and dri er design are discussed" %he e6peri!ent test results show that the (*&C wor=s well"

[15$]

M" >eng, A" 4ruganti, and >" *rini asan, ">igital control of single-phase ups in erters with !odified pw! techni,ue," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1325" %he purpose of a oltage controller for ?)* in erters is to produce sta0le output oltage with low distortion under all loading conditions, especiall. under nonlinear loads and d.na!ic loads" %his paper presents the design of a no el digital ro0ust feed0ac= controller for single-phase ?)* in erters 0ased on pole-place!ent !ethod" 1ith the pol.no!ial design !ethod adopted, all closed-loop poles of the s.ste! are placed at origin with feed0ac= of output oltage for achie ing fast d.na!ic response" Durther!ore, the feed0ac= of load current is designed so as to reduce the oltage distortion introduced 0. load current to a s!all a!ount so that it can 0e ignored" %o eli!inate the effect of the ti!e dela. caused 0. sa!pling and calculation, a !odified )1- techni,ue is introduced" %he proposed control strateg. is capa0le of guaranteeing high ,ualit. stead.-state and d.na!ic responses" %he design of the proposed digital controller is er. si!ple and re,uires onl. a reasona0l. accurate =nowledge of the output 8-C filter para!eters" (lso, onl. the output oltage and load current are sensed" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental erification ha e 0een carried out on a 1-=+( )1- in erter" Aesults of si!ulations and e6peri!ents show that the proposed controller can achie e er. low total har!onic distortion K%M>L and fast d.na!ic response under arious loads with low switching fre,uenc."

[120]

*" >eng, M" -ao, C" (" @ahou,, and &" Gatarseh, "( new pea= current !ode control sche!e for half-0ridge dc-dc con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3334" )ea= current !ode control cannot 0e directl. applied to half-0ridge >C->C con erters due to i!0alanced capacitor oltage" &n the paper, a control sche!e is proposed to 0alance capacitor oltages in a half-0ridge >C->C con erter" %he principle of operation is anal.7ed" %he i!ple!entation of control circuitr. is si!ple and eas. to integrate" %he proposed sche!e is erified 0. e6peri!ental results"

[121]

1" >eng, G" Bhang, and B" Mu, "+oltage control of capacitor in single-stage pfc circuit 0ased on critical !ode switching !ethod," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 21#5"

( no el Critical -ode *witching KC-*L !ethod is proposed to reduce the high oltage stress of the storage capacitor of single-stage )ower Dactor Corrector" %he principle of C-* is ta=ing use of the switching of the wor=ing !odes of the con erter auto!aticall. according to the load condition, which could control the oltage of the storage capacitor 0ased on the anal.sis of the critical points of the )DC con erter and the >C->C con erter" %hen the anal.tic for!ulation of the wor=ing principle is o0tained" %he e6pression of the )ower Dactor K)DL is also deri ed 0ased on the anal.sis of the distortion of the input current" %he circuit uses a si!ple &C to reali7e the high )D and decrease the oltage stress of the capacitor" Dinall., the circuit perfor!ance was erified e6peri!entall." [122] G" >estra7, )" Garrade, and (" Aufer, ")ower assistance for diesel - electric loco!oti es with supercapaciti e energ. storage," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 233" >iesel - electric traction is a well esta0lished technolog. in railwa.s s.ste!s, !ainl. for lines with a low traffic potential" &n those conditions, the choice of a diesel powered loco!oti e is due to the reduced costs co!pared to the infrastructure cost of a standard electric train" %he !ain incon enience of the diesel technolog. is the pri!ar. energ. source: oil resources are not infinite, prices are difficult to forecast and C49su0:29;su0: production increases glo0al war!ing" &tEs therefore i!portant to de elop new strategies to increase the energ. efficienc. of a diesel - electric train" %o reach that goal, a s.ste! with supercapaciti e energ. storage will 0e proposed in this paper" %he production and e6ploitation costs of the proposed s.ste! will 0e studied in !ore detail" %he proposed solution will reduce diesel consu!ption and therefore also C49su0:29;su0: and other pollutant e!issions while 0eing econo!icall. ia0le" [123] D" A" >iI=hui7en and C" 8" >uarte, "Gasic au6iliar. resonant pole KarpL applied to three-le el nested cells switching leg," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4434" ( ariant of the au6iliar. resonant pole K(A)L concept is descri0ed, ai!ing at assisting the generation of )1- wa efor!s with soft transitions 0. !ultile el nested-cells switching legs" %he techni,ue presented, re,uires !odest passi e co!ponents and onl. two additional switches to perfor! soft co!!utations, 0eing especiall. suited for three-le el switching legs" %he !erit of the presented concept is that the 0oost current, high A-* pole current, additional losses in the !ain switches, dc lin= center potential sta0ilit. pro0le!s and the need for additional co!!utation transfor!ers are a oided" %hat 0ecause the resonant current is interrupted during each soft-co!!utation c.cle 0. an au6iliar. hard turn-off to a oid freewheeling" %herefore the au6iliar. pulse co!!utation can 0e su0stantiall. accelerated there0. reducing the A-* pole current and the olt-seconds loss of the !ain switching leg" %he de!erit of the approach is that additional turn-off losses in the pole need to 0e weighted against the o erall losses of the switching leg" %he results are that the o erall loss reduction is not su0stantiall. K12HL 0ut that that the ther!al profile of the con erter can 0e !uch !ore i!pro ed, particularl. when the !ain &FG%s are operating with high continuous load currents near !a6i!u! de ice te!perature" %o e!phasi7e the si!plicit. of the approach, the paper treats a step 0. step co!!utation e6a!ple and the trade-off 0etween hard- and soft switching" %he ideas are e6peri!entall. erified with of- the-shelf dual-pac=ed 1200 + &FG%s and illustrated 0. !eans of te!perature !easure!ents" [124] F" *" >i!itra=a=is and '" C" %ata=is, "-easure!ent issues related to high, fre,uenc. sinusoidal e6citation of !agnetic coils," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1#41" %he i!ple!entation of high fre,uenc. !easure!ents on !agnetic coils is a field of acti it. with nu!erous difficulties and re,uire!ents in order to get relia0le e6peri!ental results" 4ne !ain pro0le! to 0e sol ed is the achie e!ent of the proper e6citing conditions, which often !eans the creation of a clearl. sinusoidal oltage wa efor!, while a second one is the ensuring that all !easure!ent error factors are properl. ta=en into account (t this paper a current fed sine wa e con erter for the oltage e6citation of !agnetic coils is thoroughl. anal.7ed and the high fre,uenc. !easure!ent error factors are discussed" Fuidelines are gi en for the deter!ination of the actual h.steresis loss when there is a !easuring phase

error and for the te!perature correction to the winding effecti e resistance at high fre,uencies" [125] C" >ir=er, 1" 8iu, C" >" +an 1.=, and C" )" -e.er, "' aluation of e!0edded heat e6traction for high power densit. integrated electro!agnetic power passi es," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4###" %he use of e!0edded solid-state heat e6tractors to increase the power densities in power electronic !odules see!s pro!ising" Cross-sectional geo!etric opti!isation was done on heat e6traction insert and it was found that the !ost suita0le heat e6traction configuration for application in power electronics is the use of flat continuous heat e6traction la.ers aiding in conducting heat to e6ternall. !ounted heat sin=s" %heoretic e6pected ther!al enhance!ent factors were deter!ined and e6peri!entall. erified" &nterfacial ther!al resistances ad ersel. influence the effecti eness of heat e6traction inserts and should 0e !ini!ised" [122] (" >" >o!ingue7-Farcia, C" F" Jassa=ian, and C" '" *chindall, "( 0ac=up s.ste! for auto!oti e steer-0.wire, actuated 0. selecti e 0ra=ing," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3#3" &n this paper we propose an alternate approach to i!pro e *teer-0.-1ire K*01L relia0ilit. in which we utili7e Gra=e-(ctuated *teering KG(*L as an independent secondar. 0ac=up steering s.ste!" &n *01 s.ste!s, co!ponent and !odule redundanc. is the co!!on approach used to !aintain the steering function when a failure occurs" ?nfortunatel. this adds a significant a!ount of co!ple6it. and cost and, what is !ore i!portant, it is not possi0le to o erco!e unanticipated and co!!on !ode failures of the *01 s.ste!" G(* utili7es the tor,ue generated 0. selecti e wheel 0ra=ing and;or acceleration to actuate the steering !echanis!" 1ith this approach, if the pri!ar. steering s.ste! K*01L fails unco ered or there is a co!!on !ode failure, the steering rac= is decoupled fro! the pri!ar. steering actuator and the wheels are instead steered 0. the tor,ue generated 0. application of as.!!etric 0ra=ing Kor accelerationL" G(*, as well as *01, will 0e a hea . user of power electronics, electrical actuators, sensors and sophisticated control s.ste!s, !an. of which are alread. a aila0le fro! electronic sta0ilit. s.ste!s Ke"g", '*)L, which are 0eco!ing !ore co!!on in passenger cars" &n this paper we detail the characteristics of the G(* s.ste! and pro ide the !odels necessar. for designing appropriate power electronics and control s.ste!s" [123] 4" >ranga, M" Dunato, *" 4gasawara, and C" Ma!ar, "&n estigating sta0ilit. of power configuration including irtual negati e inductance," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2303" *ince power circuits are significantl. influenced 0. inductances, a aria0le acti e-passi e reactance K+()(AL has pre iousl. 0een introduced in order to generate a irtual negati e inductance, which has found applications in the rapid power flow control of power s.ste!s" &t is used to cancel an e6isting undesired inductance, since the power flow through a si!ple power s.ste! of two oltage 0uses connected 0. an inducti e power line is essentiall. restricted 0. the line inductance" %hese studies also indicated that the sta0ilit. of the s.ste! could 0e co!pro!ised 0. the presence of stra. capacitances" %he present paper ai!s to offer a !ore accurate sta0ilit. assess!ent of this A8C configuration, esti!ated so far 0. linear appro6i!ation, 0. essentiall. ignoring the switching process within +()(A" %he nor!al periodic stead.-state regi!e leads to a fi6ed point in the stro0oscopic !ap used to !odel the aria0le-structure piecewise-linear nonlinear s.ste!" %he sta0ilit. is indicated 0. the eigen alues of the Caco0ian !atri6 of the stro0oscopic !ap, e aluated at this fi6ed point" %he anal.sis re eals 0ifurcation 0eha iour and allows accurate and con enient prediction of the sta0ilit. 0oundar. in the para!eter space of the irtual negati e inductance re,uired 0. the application and the stra. capacitance present in the power circuit" [12#] ?" >rofeni=, F" 8ai!er, and C" 1" Jolar, ")u!p characteristic 0ased opti!i7ation of a direct water cooling s.ste! for a 10=w;500=h7 ienna rectifier," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4#$4" ( high power densit. 10=1;500=M7 three-phase )1- rectifier K+ienna AectifierL is under

de elop!ent" >ue to preli!inar. !easure!ents and nu!erical si!ulations the total efficienc. is assu!ed to 0e $5H at full load, resulting in power losses of up to 1501 in each !ulti-chip power !odule reali7ing a 0ridge leg of the rectifier" &n order to =eep the power densit. of the s.ste! high direct water cooling is e!plo.ed where water is in direct contact with the !odule 0ase plate" Gased on the !easured characteristic of the water pu!p Kpressure drop dependent on water flowL the geo!etr. of different water channel structures 0elow the !odule 0ase plate is s.ste!aticall. opti!i7ed 0ased on anal.tical e6pressions which are for!ulated 0ased on the well-esta0lished theor. of fluid d.na!ics" %he design opti!i7ation is constrained 0. the desire to =eep the geo!etr. of the water channels in a range that allows si!ple and lowcost !anufacturing" %he ai! is to find a channel structure resulting in a !ini!u! ther!al resistance of the power !odule for a gi en pu!p characteristic" &n this paper a er. si!ple slot channel is in estigated" %he dependenc. of the ther!al resistance on the cooling s.ste! is calculated in dependenc. on the height of the slot channel, and an opti!i7ed channel height is found under the side condition of si!ple !anufactura0ilit." >iscussing the shortco!ings of the si!ple slot structure, a no el !etallic inla. structure is introduced and opti!i7ed resulting in a reduction of the ther!al resistance of the direct water cooling sche!e as co!pared to the slot channel s.ste!" (ll theoretical considerations are erified ia e6peri!ental !easure!ents" %he general opti!i7ation sche!e introduced in this paper can easil. 0e adapted to other cooling pro0le!s" [12$] 4" >ru0el and -" Mo0els0erger, "*tatic fre,uenc. con erters with reduced parasitic effects," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4325" )arasitic effects caused 0. static fre,uenc. con erters, li=e '-&, !a. endanger the relia0le operation of dri es or tur0ine shaft arrange!ents and di!inish its lifeti!e" Con erter dri e applications for large plants up to 500-+( can cause shaft oltages up to 500+9su0:pp9;su0: if a non opti!ised con erter design is chosen" %his pheno!enon is in estigated" >esign options for the con erter and the plant arrange!ent are discussed" %he influence of the !ost suita0le solution and their influence upon electro!agnetic interference K'-&L and the shaft oltages is shown and confor!ed 0. !easure!ents in real power plants" [130] C" >ude= and )" Chle0is, "Co!parison of power losses and ,ualit. of output oltage fro! different t.pes of in erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3120" %he paper is focused on co!parison of power losses and a ,ualit. of output oltage in in erters fed dri es for se eral t.pes of in erters" %he e6plored t.pes of in erters were either 0ased on hard switched in erter with d ;dt or sine - wa e filter or the resonant or ,uasi resonant in erters" %he fa!il. of resonant in erters was represented 0. the BC* resonant in erter, the fa!il. of ,uasi resonant in erters was represented 0. the B+* ,uasi resonant in erter with high fre,uenc. transfor!er in resonant >C lin=" %here are presented 0oth the si!ulation and the e6peri!ental results in this paper" %he !odels were si!ulated in )*)&C' en iron!ent using !ostl. !odels of real parts" Migh fre,uenc. !odels of an induction !otor and a power ca0le are used in the nu!erical si!ulation" %he e6peri!ental !easure!ent was perfor!ed on e6isting la0orator. !odels of in erters 0uilt for e6a!ination of their function with optional d ;dt and sine wa e filter" %he !easure!ent was done on !easuring unit using power anal.7er 8'- Nor!a >2100 and a power anal.7er 0ased on )C platfor! with !ultifunction cards N& - >a, 2024' and control software de eloped in 8a0+l'1 en iron!ent" [131] -" >uff. and >" Carroll, "'lectro!agnetic generators for power har esting," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2035" %he design of electro!agnetic generators that can 0e integrated within shoe soles is descri0ed" &n this wa., parasitic energ. e6pended 0. a person when wal=ing can 0e tapped and used to power porta0le electronic e,uip!ent" >esigns are 0ased on discrete per!anent !agnets and copper wire coils, and it is intended to i!pro e perfor!ance 0. appl.ing !icro-fa0rication technologies" >etailed descriptions of design and !easure!ents of initial protot.pe structures are presented, with which r!s oltage le els of o er 500 !+ ha e 0een achie ed" )redicted power le els are co!para0le to those achie ed with integrated pie7oelectric generators" %he design of a second generator structure is introduced" ( co!parison of the two

t.pes of electro!agnetic generator structures is presented" [132] -" >uff. and C" Collins, "&n estigation of passi e co!ponent si7e in r!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4340" %he perfor!ance of three different +A- circuit topologies is presented to co!pare the si7e of !agnetic co!ponents in ol ed" &t is shown that the s!allest solution is produced using a s.nchronous 0uc=/ with interlea ed circuits ha ing si!ilar si7e" %ransfor!er circuits are shown to ha e the greatest potential for !iniaturisation, 0ut current planar !agnetic technologies are li!ited in ter!s of winding utilisation area" )ractical co!ponent designs are presented for co!parison of the 0uc=, interlea ed and push-pull forward con erters" [133] C" >ufour and C" Gelanger, "( real-ti!e si!ulator for dou0l. fed induction generator 0ased wind tur0ine applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 35$3" %his paper descri0es a real-ti!e si!ulator of wind tur0ine generator s.ste! suita0le for controller design and tests" %he si!ulated generator is a grid-connected dou0l. fed induction !achine with 0ac=-to-0ac= )1- oltage source ector control at the rotor" %he si!ulator is 0ased on A%-8(G real-ti!e si!ulation platfor! that allows for eas. !odel-to-real-ti!e-target design fro! *i!ulin= !odels" %he paper puts special e!phasis on the fi6ed-step si!ulation pro0le!atic of =M7-range )1- in erter dri es and the techni,ues used in the real-ti!e si!ulator to accuratel. si!ulate those dri es" [134] 8" >upont, *" 8efe0 re, *" Gonte!ps, B" Jhatir, and A" -euret, "Characterisation of silicon car0ide schott=. diodes and cool!os [trade!ar=] transistors at high te!perature," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 522" %he highl. doping le el of the 0ase region of C448-4* [trade!ar=] transistors allows higher te!perature operations than with con entional silicon transistors ha ing the sa!e 0loc=ing oltage" &n this paper, the te!perature influence on different *iC *chott=. diodes and *ilicon C448-4* [trade!ar=] transistors characteristics is discussed" Co!parisons are !ade 0etween *iC *chott=. diodes and *i )&N diodes and 0eween &FG%s, low oltage -4*D'% and C448-4* [trade!ar=] at high te!perature" Aesults on the lea=age current indicate the a0ilit. of *iC *chott=. diodes and *i C448-4* [trade!ar=] transistors to 0e used at te!perature a0out 200<deg/C" %he paper will present results on the 0eha iour of *iC schott=. diodes and C448-4* [trade!ar=] transistors in the on-state and in switching operations" *witching 0eha iour is anal.sed in a 0uc=-chopper wor=ing in single shoot condition" Aesults show that te!perature has a great influence on the on-state perfor!ances of the tested de ices, 0ut that the switching perfor!ances of *iC *chott=. diodes and C448-4* [trade!ar=] transistors are not significantl. !odified at ele ated te!peratures" [135] J" M" 'del!oser and D" (" Mi!!elstoss, "Gi-directional dc-to-dc con erter for solar 0atter. 0ac=up applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2030" %he application of 0atter. 0ac=up s.ste!s auto!aticall. leads to in erter structures with relati e low input oltage le els co!pared to the >C-lin= oltage" %o guarantee the re,uired s.ste! capa0ilit. the power electronic s.ste! has to !aintain the resulting high input current ratings" %his leads to a pro0le!atic design with noticea0le efficienc. restrictions" %o i!pro e the o erall efficienc. of the in erter and to reduce the input capacitor, a possi0le solution is the parallel operation of se eral con erter stages" Mere, a special disad antage has to 0e !ar=ed: %he parallel operation of con entional >C-to->C con erters with oltage source characteristics !ostl. used re,uires special control !echanis! to ensure correct power distri0ution" Contrar. to this 0eha ior, current sourced con erter t.pes can act in parallel without an. special !easure!ents" %he solution proposed in this paper is capa0le to i!pro e the parallel operation of power stages in con entional con erters with !odern current sharing techni,ues" >ue to the reduced current in each of the paralleled output stages, the efficienc. will increase significantl." %he ripple of the input current is shared 0etween the different stages, which helps to reduce the input capacitor in each string" &n addition, the resulting fre,uenc. rises with the nu!0er of used stages when !ultiphase operation

is used" %his leads to a !ore silent K'-CL design" (nother 0ig pro0le!, the output rectifier operating at the high >C-lin= oltage, can 0e dis0urdened significantl. 0. using the suggested current sourced in erter structure" &n this paper a 0i-directional 12+ ; 5001 current sourced in erter for solar 0atter. applications is descri0ed" >ue to the special design, it could 0e 0uild up 0. the usage of cheap !ass co!ponents" %he power stage operates at 50=M7, suppl.ing a 400+ >C-lin=" [132] C" G" 'Iea, (" Derreres, '" *anchis-Jilders, '" -aset, +" 'ste e, C" Cordan, A" Farcia, and C" (" Carrasco, ")arallel power processing applied to a high efficienc. 0atter. discharger !odule for space power s.ste!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 332" &n the following .ears power le els of 10=1 to 100=1 will 0e de!anded 0. the teleco!!unication satellites" %he reason for it is that the geostationar. or0it re,uired 0. this =ind of satellites is 0eco!ing too crowded" &t is not possi0le to =eep 0"5=1 !odules with !ore than 100 in parallel and therefore higher power !odules !ust 0e used" ( higher 0us oltage see!s also necessar. and an. oltage 0elow 150+ and a0o e 100+ could !eet the needs" &n this article, design guidelines and e6peri!ental results of a current dou0ler B+* topolog. with parallel power processing to o0tain a high efficienc. 0atter. discharger unit are gi en" [133] (" 'l0anhaw., "( pac=age fa!il. for the e!erging high current con erters for pcs," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2353" )ower dissipation in -4*D'%s is largel. do!inated 0. its 4n-resistance, A9su0:>*K4NL9;su0: and d.na!ic losses" %he continuous de!ands 0. the electronic industr. to lower the losses and produce s!aller footprints ha e spurred the se!iconductor !anufacturers into a flurr. of research and de elop!ent to !eet these re,uire!ents" *e eral new pac=ages 0. all the !aIor pla.ers were introduced to address three distinct re,uire!ents, na!el. aL ?ltra low parasitic resistance and inductance to !ini!i7e losses, 0L s!aller footprint to increase the power and current densities in new designs, and cL lower ther!al resistance and fle6i0ilit. of heat sin=ing allowing the switching de ices to operate at a !uch higher power densities than those e er achie ed 0efore" 1e will discuss in so!e details a new pac=age, GF( fro! Dairchild *e!iconductor that 0rilliantl. addresses these de!ands/ we will e6a!ine its ad antages and we will show that it represents a !aIor departure fro! the status ,uo of pac=age design" [13#] F" 'sco0ar, C" 8e. a-Aa!os, C" -" Carrasco, '" Fal an, A" C" )ortillo, -" -" )rats, and 8" F" Dran,uelo, "-odeling of a three le el con erter used in a s.nchronous rectifier application," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4302" &n this paper we present a !odel that descri0es the d.na!ics of a three le el neutral point cla!ped con erter used in a s.nchronous rectifier application" %he highl. nonlinear !odel, originall. in a0c-coordinates, is also e6pressed in its <alpha/<0eta/<ga!!a/-coordinates" *pecial attention is gi en to the <ga!!a/-co!ponent of the control input, which represents a degree of freedo! crucial for the 0alancing of the capacitors oltages" 1e show that the arith!etic difference and su! of the capacitors oltages are two natural states of the s.ste! and, indeed, the. reduce considera0l. the !odel e6pressions" 1e also show that the controller <ga!!a/-co!ponent has a !ini!u! influence on the su! of the capacitors oltages, 0ut it has a strong influence on the difference, hence its i!portance in the capacitor oltage 0alance" *i!ulations are presented to alidate the proposed !odel" 1e e6pect that this !odel will sti!ulate new control proposals in the future" [13$] F" 'sco0ar, C" 8e. a-Aa!os, C" -" Carrasco, '" Fal an, A" C" )ortillo, -" -" )rats, and 8" F" Dran,uelo, "Control of a three le el con erter used as a s.nchronous rectifier," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 345#" 1e present an adapti e controller for a three le el s.nchronous rectifier" %he controller guarantees regulation and 0alance of the output capacitors oltages, as well as a close to unit. power factor, si!ultaneousl." %he design is 0ased on a !odel in <alpha/<0eta/<ga!!a/-coordinates of the three le el con erter" *pecial attention is gi en to the <ga!!a/-co!ponent of the control input, since it has direct

influence in the 0alancing of the capacitors oltages, represented here as the arith!etic difference of oltages" -oreo er, it is shown that this difference is polluted 0. a periodic distur0ance, which is also co!pensated 0. the proposed controller 0. adding an adapti e ter! to the control law" (fter so!e transfor!ations, this adapti e ter! is finall. reduced to a 0an= of resonant filters" *i!ulations results are presented to asses the perfor!ance of the proposed controller" [1#0] 8" -" 'scri0ano, A" )rieto, C" (" 4li er, C" (" Co0os, and C" ?ceda, "(nal.tical !odel for !agnetic co!ponents including self-heating effects," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #23" (nal.tical !agnetic !odels are used when the winding strateg. and the geo!etr. of the !agnetic co!ponent produces a 1> !agnetic field distri0ution" (dditionall., anal.tical ther!al !odels can 0e used when ther!al distri0ution, the geo!etries of the windings and the core produce a 1> heat flu6 distri0ution" %his wor= shows how 0oth ther!al and !agnetic anal.tical !odels can 0e coupled to o0tain an accurate glo0al !odel that allows !agnetic designer the opti!i7ation of the !agnetic co!ponent for a specific application 0ased not onl. in !agnetic infor!ation li=e !a6i!u! flu6 densit., !agnetic losses, etc, 0ut also in ther!al concepts li=e !a6i!u! te!perature rise, heat flu6, etc" %he proposed approach is alidated using finite ele!ent anal.sis and !easure!ents" [1#1] -" 's=ola, -" Cussila, and M" %uusa, "&ndirect !atri6 con erter fed p!s! - sensorless control using carrier inIection," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4010" %his paper introduces the per!anent !agnet s.nchronous !otor K)-*-L dri e fed 0. a threephase 5 =+( indirect !atri6 con erter K&-CL" 1e studied the li=elihood of achie ing a high perfor!ance low cost s.nchronous !otor dri e using direct fre,uenc. con ersion" %he control s.ste! of the )-*needs feed0ac= infor!ation on the rotor position angle and rotor speed" %o !ini!i7e costs these ,uantities are esti!ated using the si!ple signal inIection sche!e, where high fre,uenc. carrier oltage is inIected into the !otor" %he esti!ator algorith! trac=s the rotor position angle e6ploiting the !agnetic salienc. of the !otor" 'sti!ators 0ased on the funda!ental fre,uenc. !odel of the !otor cannot 0e used if the full perfor!ance is also re,uired in the 7ero speed region" *ince the esti!ator studied in this paper e6ploits the !agnetic anisotrop. of the !otor, there is no sta0ilit. pro0le! in low and 7ero speed region and the esti!ator needs no infor!ation a0out !otor para!eters" %he sta0ilit. of the sensorless control s.ste! is erified 0. !easure!ents" Dor co!parison the e6peri!ental tests were also perfor!ed with con entional oltage source in erter K+*&L" [1#2] -" 'usta,uio >os *antos and G" >" C" C" Dilho, "*hort circuit and o ercurrent protection of igct-0ased three-le el npc in erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2553" &n this paper, a new !ethod for protection of &FC% 0ased three-le el N)C in erters is introduced and co!pared with other protection !ethods alread. presented in the technical literature" ( s.ste! for fast o ercurrent detection and in erter tripping is also presented as well as a co!plete discussion of the in erter design issues in ol ed in the proposed protection sche!e" *i!ulation results are included to support a co!parati e anal.sis of the considered in erter protection sche!es" '6peri!ental results fro! a la0 scale protot.pe illustrate the perfor!ance of the proposed short-circuit and o ercurrent detection circuitr." (lthough the discussion in this paper is ai!ed at three-le el N)C in erters, it can 0e e6tended to two le el in erters" [1#3] C" C" Dallaha, M" 5" Janaan, and J" (l-Maddad, "&!ple!entation of a dspace-0ased digital controller for a single-phase upf two-stage 0oost rectifier," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3134" %his paper presents the perfor!ances of a linear control techni,ue i!ple!ented on a two-stage 0oost rectifier using d*)(C' along with the -atla0;*i!ulin= tool" ( linear control sche!e is applied to a s!all signal !odel of the 0oost topolog. and is then downloaded to d*)(C' through *i!ulin=" %he

e6peri!ental results are anal.7ed and co!pared to the si!ulation ones" %he characteristics of the proposed control sche!e are discussed and e aluated in 0oth stead. state and transient regi!es Kload and oltage distur0anceL" [1#4] M" Dan and >" Ou, "( fa!il. of pw! plus phase-shift 0idirectional dc-dc con erters," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 122#" )1- is introduced to phase-shift 0idirectional >C->C con erters, which can reduce current stresses, conduction loss and switching loss of se!iconductors and can e6pand B+* range" ( techni,ue to s.nthesi7e )1- plus phase-shift 0idirectional >C->C con erter topologies is presented" %heoretical anal.sis, si!ulation and e6peri!ental results of one particular con erter ta=en as an e6a!ple, are pro ided in this paper" [1#5] O"-)" Dang, B" -" @ian, F" @i, F" Gin, D"-B" )eng, and O"--" 5uan, "Current !ode 7-source in erter-fed asd s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2#05" %he paper proposes a no el topolog. of B-source in erter s.ste! and control for adIusta0le speed dri es K(*>L" %he B-source in erter e!plo.s a uni,ue 8C networ= to couple the in erter !ain circuit to the diode front end" G. controlling the open-circuit dut. c.cle, the B-source in erter can produce an. desired output ac oltage, e en less than the line oltage" (s results, the new B-source in erter s.ste! pro ides 0etter low speed characteristic than the traditional current source in erter-fed (*> through the si!ple circuit structure and the uni,ue control strateg." %he si!ulation results testif. the rationalit. of the topolog." [1#2] 5" Dang, 5" Oing, and 5" Mu, "( fast algorith! for s pw! in three phase power factor correction application," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" $32" ( no el algorith! for space ector pulse width !odulation in three phase power factor correction applications is proposed" %he durations for the acti e ectors that for!ed the sector containing the desired reference oltage ector are calculated directl. 0. !atri6 pre-deco!posing, without loo=ing up sinusoidal and tangential ta0les, 0ased on %-*320D240" %herefore running speed and control precise of the progra! can 0e i!pro ed greatl." (s a result the switching fre,uenc. and power densit. of the rectifier will 0e increased considera0l." ( new !ethod for detecting sector is gi en as well" *i!ulated and e6peri!ental results are pro ided to erif. the proposed algorith! in the end of the paper" [1#3] -" Deiler and >" *chroder, "(ctuator re,uire!ents in adapti e control s.ste!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4#50" %echnological processes in aria0l. 0eco!e !ore co!ple6 while e6pectations on ,ualit. and efficienc. increase" (s an e6a!ple, consider the pro0le! of controlling the speed of a dri e s.ste!, which is part of a !echatronic process" ( t.pical re,uire!ent is to trac= references of tor,ue and speed fast and accuratel." (t the sa!e ti!e, the s.ste! should 0e a0le to handle uncertainties arising fro! un=nown para!eters, distur0ances as well as nonlinear effects" &n order to !eet such re,uire!ents an increasing a!ount of sophisticated control theor. is put into the s.ste!" &t is often onl. at second glance that one reali7es that the use of new controllers has i!portant conse,uences concerning the perfor!ance of the actuator su0s.ste!" &n standard cascaded )&K>L-control the nature of the control input can 0e predicted either fro! e6perience or 0. in o=ing so!e classical control theor." %he choice of an actuator which generates the input is then a straightforward tas=" %his ceases to 0e the case when !ore co!ple6 control strategies are used" &n !ost cases, anal.sis is difficult due to the nonlinear nature of the closed loop s.ste!" %he o0Iecti e of this paper is to pro ide a stud. of the actuator re,uire!ents that can 0e e6pected when the controller is adapti e" [1##] -" De=i, G" Ao0ert, and M" M" C" &u, "( proportional plus e6tended ti!e-dela.ed feed0ac= controller for a pw! in erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3313"

)1- current-!ode single phase in erters are =nown to e6hi0it 0ifurcations and chaos when para!eters ar." 4ur ai! in this paper is to show how to appl. a control !ethod issued fro! chaos theor., in order to e6tend the sta0ilit. range of a co!!onl. used linear controller" %o acco!plish this ai!, an e6tended ti!e-dela.ed feed0ac= controller K'%>DCL is used in conIunction with the proportional controller" (n o0 ious ad antage of this !ethod is the ro0ustness and ease of i!ple!entation 0ecause it does not re,uire the =nowledge of an accurate !odel 0ut onl. the period of the target unsta0le periodic or0it K?)4L" [1#$] N" De!ia, F" )etrone, F" *pagnuolo, and -" +itelli, "4pti!i7ing dut.-c.cle pertur0ation of p and o !ppt techni,ue," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1$3$" &n presence of rapidl. changing at!ospheric conditions, the )ertur0 and 40ser e K) and 4L !a6i!u! power point trac=ing K-))%L algorith! can 0e confused due to the fact that it is not a0le to distinguish the ariations of the photo oltaic arra. output power caused 0. the dut. c.cle !odulation fro! those ones caused 0. the irradiance ariation" &n this paper, it is shown that the negati e effects associated to such a draw0ac= can 0e greatl. reduced if the !agnitude of the dut.-c.cle pertur0ations is custo!i7ed to the d.na!ic 0eha ior of the specific dc-dc con erter adopted to reali7e the ) and 4 -))%" (s an e6a!ple, a 0oost 0atter. charger has 0een studied" [1$0] N" De!ia, F" )etrone, F" *pagnuolo, and -" +itelli, "4pti!i7ing sa!pling rate of p and o !ppt techni,ue," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1$45" %his paper shows that the efficienc. of the )ertur0 and 40ser e K) and 4L -a6i!u! )ower )oint %rac=ing K-))%L control techni,ue can 0e i!pro ed 0. opti!i7ing its sa!pling inter al %9su0:a9;su0: according to the con erterEs d.na!ics" >uring sunn. da.s, when the !a6i!u! power point of the photo oltaic K)+L arra. !o es er. slowl., the sa!pling inter al %9su0:a9;su0: !ust 0e set as short as possi0le without causing insta0ilit." &f the algorith! sa!ples the arra. oltage and current too ,uic=l., it is su0Iected to possi0le !ista=es caused 0. the transient 0eha ior of the )+ arra.Qcon erter s.ste!, thus !issing te!poraril. the -))" (s a conse,uence, the algorith! can 0e confused, the energ. efficienc. deca.s, and the operating point can 0eco!e unsta0le, entering disordered 0eha iors" %he solution proposed in this paper lies in choosing %9su0:a9;su0: according to the con erterEs d.na!ics" %he choice of the alue of %9su0:a9;su0: according to the proposed approach ensures a three-le el stead.-state dut.c.cle swing around the -)), whate er the dut.-c.cle step-si7e and the irradiance le el are" (s an e6a!ple, a 0oost -))% 0atter. charger has 0een studied" [1$1] N" De!ia, F" )etrone, F" *pagnuolo, and -" +itelli, "-atching the photo oltaic field orientation to load re,uire!ents in stand-alone distri0uted power s.ste!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1$33" %he pro0le! of opti!i7ing the photo oltaic field orientation in stand-alone )hoto oltaicM.drogen-)owered >istri0uted )ower *.ste!s K)M)->)*L is treated in this paper" %he s.ste! is supposed to 0e co!posed of a photo oltaic field, as energ. source, and of a h.drogen energ. 0ac=up su0s.ste! including a h.drol.ser, a h.drogen tan= and a )'- fuel cell" Fi en the characteristics of the solar panels, of the switching con erters and of the 0ac=up su0s.ste!, three different load profiles ha e 0een considered with three t.pical irradiation diagra!s corresponding to as !an. different t.pical da.s in a .ear" Dor each case stud., the 0est photo oltaic field orientation, which in ol e the !ini!u! nu!0er of panels to ensure the load power and energ. re,uire!ents, has 0een found" Aesults of si!ulations allows to single the 0est configuration out, 0oth whene er the s.ste! is supposed to wor= all the .ear round and if its operating period does not include winter" %he paper puts in e idence that panelsE orientations chosen according to the load ti!e profile allow to reduce the plant cost, in ter!s of nu!0er of panels and 0ac=up si7e, and to sa e so!e a!ount of energ. that is not processed 0. the 0ac=up su0s.ste!" %o this regard, the paper also highlights that the 0est design of a standalone )M)->)* !a6i!i7es the flu6 of energ. that goes straight fro! source to load, as the energ. production !atches the load needs as !uch as possi0le" %his o0Iecti e is particularl. i!portant in )M)->)* that are characteri7ed 0. a low efficienc. 0ac=-up path"

[1$2]

-" Derdowsi, (" '!adi, -" %elefus, and C" >a is, ")ulse regulation control techni,ue for 0ifred con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1545" )ulse Aegulation control sche!e is presented and applied to G&DA'> con erter operating in discontinuous conduction !ode K>C-L" &n contrast to the con entional control techni,ues, the principal idea of )ulse Aegulation is to regulate the output oltage using a series of high and low power pulses generated 0. the current of the input inductor" &n this paper, anal.sis of G&DA'> con erter operating in >C- is presented" %he 0asic idea of )ulse Aegulation as well as the esti!ation of the output oltage ripple is introduced" '6peri!ental results on a protot.pe con erter are also de!onstrated"

[1$3]

(" Dernande7, C" *e0astian, -" -" Mernando, )" +illegas, and >" F" 8a!ar, "?sing s.nchronous rectification for !ediu! oltage applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 14#3" *.nchronous Aectification has 0een used for low oltage applications fro! long ti!e ago" -4*D'% technolog. for such low oltages has 0een incredi0l. i!pro ed during the last .ears" Durther!ore, this i!pro e!ent has also 0een er. significant in other oltage ranges" %his paper e6plores the possi0ilit. of using *.nchronous Aectification for higher output oltages, such as 12 +, 4# +, or 100 +" Aegarding the conduction losses, co!!ercial de ices a aila0le toda. !a. allow using *.nchronous Aectification for these output oltages up to ,uite high power le els" Mowe er, as the oltage rating increases, the switching capa0ilit. decreases, especiall. as far as the 0od. diode is concerned" Mence, switching losses !a=e the solution worse than the con entional diode sche!e for output oltages higher than 24 +"

[1$4]

(" Dernande7, C" *e0astian, -" -" Mernando, )" +illegas, and >" F" 8a!ar, ">esign trade-offs to !eet class a iec 21000-3-2 regulations with passi e circuits in low power applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 30$" %he last a!end!ent to &'C 21000-3-2 regulations significantl. !odified the regulation" &n fact, Class ( li!its are now !uch softer" (s a conse,uence, !an. of the solutions presented in the last .ears are now !ore or less useless for low power applications" %his is due to the fact that si!pler solutions as a passi e 8C filter can !eet the regulations if the power le el is 0elow 500 1" %his paper presents a stud. of trade-off passi e solutions to !eet &'C 21000-3-2 regulations for power le els 0elow 300 1, e en for uni ersal line oltage" (s it is de!onstrated in the paper, designing the filter in such a wa. that the series resistance is higher can reduce the si7e of the inductor although the efficienc. is penali7ed" ( tradeoff 0etween si7e and efficienc. can 0e esta0lished and, in so!e cases, using Iust the resistor can reduce the input current har!onic content sufficientl. to co!pl. with the a0o e!entioned regulation and with an accepta0le efficienc. penalt."

[1$5]

C" Dernande7, 4" Farcia, and C" (" Co0os, ">esign guidelines of the series resonant con erter for er. low current or er. high fre,uenc. applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2454" &n series resonant con erters wor=ing with s!all currents or at high operating fre,uenc., ti!e spent charging and discharging the parasitic capacitances of the diodes in the rectifier stage cannot 0e neglected, 0ecause the resonance fre,uenc. and the oltage gain can 0e affected" ( design !ethod of the series resonant con erter that ta=es into account this special fact is presented in this paper, with a set of e,uations that !odel the 0eha iour of the con erter" ( real protot.pe has 0een 0uilt and tested to alidate the o0tained e,uations, and anal.tical results, si!ulations and !easure!ents are in er. good agree!ent"

[1$2]

C" 4" Diedler, N" M" Duengwarodsa=ul, and A" 1" >e >onc=er, "Calculation of switching fre,uenc. in current h.steresis controlled switched reluctance dri es," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2230"

%his paper illustrates the ariation of a erage switching fre,uenc. in current h.steresis controlled switched reluctance dri es" 1hile the dependence of switching fre,uenc. on tor,ue and speed can 0e understood and calculated ,ualitati el. using si!plified e,uations, accurate results can 0e o0tained onl. fro! detailed si!ulation !odels" %he results can 0e used to esti!ate power con erter switching losses or acoustic noise spectral co!ponents caused 0. the current control" &t is shown that a erage switching fre,uenc. aries significantl. o er the tor,ue-speed range whereas the !a6i!u! a erage switching fre,uenc. is al!ost independent of tor,ue and speed for a fi6ed h.steresis 0and and unsaturated conditions" [1$3] F" Dontes, C" %urpin, A" *aisset, %" -e.nard, and *" (stier, "&nteractions 0etween fuel cells and power con erters influence of current har!onics on a fuel cell stac=," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 432$" (s fuel cells are li=el. to 0e used in !an. future applications, dedicated power con erters !ust 0e de eloped and opti!i7ed" ( thorough =nowledge of the fuel cell operation is thus re,uired for powerelectronics engineers" %his paper proposes a theoretical and e6peri!ental stud. of the 0eha iour of a fuel cell stac= su0Iect to current har!onics" %he funda!ental role of the internal dou0le la.er capacitor is de!onstrated" [1$#] )" Dors.th, %" -aguire, and A" Juffel, "Aeal ti!e digital si!ulation for control and protection s.ste! testing," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 32$" %oda.Es power s.ste! en iron!ent is 0eco!ing !ore and !ore co!ple6" 'lectrical power networ=s are 0eing pushed closer to their li!its, while at the sa!e ti!e higher relia0ilit. and efficienc. are de!anded" (s a result, electrical e,uip!ent !anufacturers are de eloping ad anced e,uip!ent and installations to !eet these re,uire!ents" )art of the challenge in designing such apparatus is the need to accuratel. si!ulate Kpro eL and test these de ices 0efore the. are installed in an actual power s.ste!" %he Aeal %i!e >igital *i!ulator KA%>* [registered trade!ar=]L allows de elopers to accuratel. and efficientl. si!ulate electrical power s.ste!s and their ideas to i!pro e the!" %he A%>* *i!ulator operates in real ti!e, therefore not onl. allowing the si!ulation of the power s.ste!, 0ut also !a=ing it possi0le to test ph.sical protection and control e,uip!ent" %his gi es de elopers the !eans to pro e their ideas, protot.pes and final products in a realistic en iron!ent" %his paper will su!!ari7e the funda!ental design of the A%>* [registered trade!ar=] *i!ulator, with particular e!phasis on recent de elop!ents and enhance!ents" &t will also descri0e practical applications of the si!ulator in the arious stages of power s.ste! design, testing and i!ple!entation" ( 0rief description of ongoing de elop!ent for the real ti!e si!ulation of +oltage *ource Con erter K+*CL con erters is included" [1$$] 8" Dratelli, A" -an7o, and F" Fiannini, "%esting of integrated ig0t !odule;heat-pipe cooler s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4512" ( con erter phase asse!0l. de!onstrator 0ased on a heat pipe integrated with the (l*iC 0aseplate of an &FG% !odule has 0een specified, designed and !anufactured, and its perfor!ances ha e 0een tested" Dull ther!al characteri7ation has 0een perfor!ed 0. !easuring Iunction-a!0ient ther!al i!pedance of the heat sin=, for !ultiple power and air speed alues, 0oth in natural con ection and in forced entilation" -oreo er relia0ilit. of critical regions of the ite!s has 0een erified 0. ageing tests and ther!al and acoustic anal.sis" &t has 0een found that, for power lower than 1200 1, the integrated s.ste! ther!al resistance is alwa.s lower than #0 <deg/C;=1, in natural con ention, whereas it is lower than 2# <deg/C;=1 in forced air entilation at air speed of 3 !;s, so that the asse!0l. is suited for fan-less traction con erter in !ass transit application, entilation 0eing ensured 0. ehicle !otion onl." [200] (" Dratta and D" *capino, "-odeling in erter losses for circuit si!ulation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 443$" %ransfor!er-li=e in erter !odels can represent a er. good alternati e to co!!on switchdiode !odels for si!ulation, reducing con ergence pro0le!s and;or calculation ti!e" %he. !a. also pro ide easier insight into the con erter operation and power loss effects, at least fro! the point of iew of

the applicants, aiding for design and teaching purposes" %he paper shows how conduction and switching losses can 0e incorporated in the transfor!er-li=e in erter !odel in a si!ple and intuiti e wa., which re,uires er. few para!eters and allows for separate !odeling of lossless 0eha ior, conduction losses and the switching losses" 8oss !odels are proposed in so!e ersions differing for the accurac. and si!ulation easiness" &n an. case, the resulting in erter loss. !odel is er. co!pact and can 0e i!ple!ented 0. Iust a pair of nonlinear controlled sources as 0asic 0uilding 0loc=s, a aila0le in an. circuit si!ulation progra!, as the free of charge and widel. used )*pice *tudent +ersion" [201] %" Dren7=e and G" )iepen0reier, ")osition-sensorless control of direct dri e per!anent !agnet s.nchronous !otors for railwa. traction," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1332" ( procedure for position-sensorless control of per!anent !agnet s.nchronous !otors with surface !ounted !agnets is proposed, that is suita0le to large traction dri es with their restrictions li=e high in erter-utilisation and low switching fre,uenc." )osition and speed are o0tained 0. an o0ser er using a oltage and an inductance !otor !odel together with test signal inIection at low speed" &!pro e!ents of the 0asic esti!ation sche!e are presented" %he !ethod has 0een tested successfull. in the la0 with a 2# =1 standard ser o!otor" [202] J" DuIii, (" *u7u=i, *" Jonishi, C" %a=a7ane, -" 4h=i, -" >aiguIi, and J" Ga0a, "*tatco! appl.ing flatpac=aged ig0ts connected in series," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 252#" ( *%(%C4-, which co!pensates 20-+( of a negati e-phase-se,uence power of a 0ullet train, has to achie e lower cost, s!aller si7e, and higher efficienc." &n order to enlarge capacit., the authors ha e de eloped techni,ues of connecting &FG%s in series" %he *%(%C4- has 0een used in Central Capan Aailwa. Co!pan. since *epte!0er 2003" [203] *" Du=uda and >" 8i, "( static s.nchronous co!pensator using h.0rid !ulti-in erters," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4244" ( static s.nchronous co!pensator K*%(%C4-L is re,uired to ha e K1L less har!onic contents in the output, K2L higher co!pensation +( capacit., and K3L less de ices losses" %o satisf. these re,uire!ents this paper proposes a h.0rid configuration *%(%C4-, which consists of two F%4 in erters with s,uare-wa e switching and one neutral-point-cla!ped &FG% in erter with )1- switching" %he F%4 in erters fulfill the second and third re,uire!ents and the &FG% in erter the first re,uire!ent" %he &FG% in erter generates a oltage difference 0etween the reference output and the su! of the two F%4 in erter outputs" %herefore, the &FG% in erter has two functions: cancellation of the har!onic co!ponents generated 0. the F%4 in erters and control of the co!pensation current" 4ne pro0le! of the h.0rid *%(%C4- is that the &FG% in erter is forced to operate in an o er-!odulation range if re,uired co!pensation oltage of the &FG% in erter is high" %o sol e this pro0le!, this paper also proposes a aria0le >C oltage control strateg., where the >C oltage is adapti el. adIusted in accordance with the re,uired *%(%C4- output oltage" (s a result, the proposed *%(%C4- can co!pensate for large reacti e current al!ost without har!onic distortion" [204] *" 1" Dung and -" M" )ong, "(n i!pro ed !odel for rosen t.pe pie7oelectric transfor!er for power con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 331" )ie7oelectric transfor!er is attracti e 0ecause of its s!all thic=ness" Aosen %.pe pie7oelectric transfor!er has high step-up ratio which is ad antageous for high oltage power con erters" &n !ost cases the load has a range of aria0le resistances that can greatl. affect the output characteristic of a pie7oelectric transfor!er" %he con entional !odel is not sufficient to !odel the gain characteristics with a wide load range" &n this paper a !odified !odel is presented" ( si!ple fictitious resistor is e!plo.ed to !odif. the con entional !odel and it produces e6cellent !atch with !easure!ents" '6peri!ental !easure!ents are gi en to show the !erits of the proposed !odel"

[205]

C" (" Fallo, D" 8" %ofoli, '" (" (" Coelho, 8" C" >e Dreitas, +" C" Darias, and C" G" +ieira Cr, "( 7c7 t pw! three-le el full-0ridge !c!urra. in erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4#03" %his paper proposes a )1- in erter that allows the !ain switches to 0e turned on and off at 7ero oltage and 7ero current, respecti el., with controlled di;dt and d ;dt rates" %he re erse reco er. losses of the !ain diodes are !ini!i7ed, and the au6iliar. switches are turned on and off in a BC* !ode" %he !ain switches turning-on at 7ero current can reduce significantl. the undesira0le effects of the parasitic inductances related to the circuit la.out" %he co!!utation losses are practicall. reduced to 7ero and the '-& e!ission can also 0e !ini!i7ed" %he operation of the BCB+* )1- Dull-Gridge -c-urra., using an au6iliar. power suppl. to the control s.ste!, is anal.7ed, and design guidelines for the au6iliar. co!!utation cell are reco!!ended 0ased on this anal.sis" '6peri!ental results are presented to de!onstrate the feasi0ilit. of the proposed 2=1 in erter"

[202]

C" (" Fallo, D" 8" %ofoli, '" (" (" Coelho, 8" C" >e Dreitas, +" C" )arias, and C" G" +ieira Cr, "( no el high power factor switched-!ode power suppl. e!plo.ing an interlea ed 0oost-fl.0ac= con erter and a 7c7 s pw! full-0ridge !c!urra. in erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2215" %his paper presents an ac-dc-ac switched-!ode power suppl. co!posed of two power stages" %he first stage is a interlea ed Goost-Dl.0ac= con erter, and the second one is a BCB+% Dull-Gridge -c-urra. in erter" %he anal.tical stud. of 0oth structures is descri0ed, and so!e results are presented in order to alidate the proposal"

[203]

C" (" Fallo, D" 8" %ofoli, +" +" A" *carpa, '" (" (" Coelho, 8" C" >e Dreitas, +" C" Darias, and C" G" +ieira Cr, "( new topolog. of soft-switched two-switch forward con erter and a new topolog. of pw! three-le el half-0ridge in erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3$05" %his paper presents an (C->C-(C switched-!ode power suppl. co!posed of two power stages" %he first stage is a new topolog. of two-switch Dorward con erter, and the second one is a new topolog. of three-le el half-0ridge in erter" %he Dorward structure presents soft switching and also s.!!etrical output oltages to suppl. the half-0ridge in erter" %he anal.tical stud. of the con erters is descri0ed, and so!e results are presented in order to alidate the proposal"

[20#]

C" (" Fallo, D" 8" %ofoli, +" +" A" *carpa, '" (" (" Coelho, 8" C" >e Dreitas, +" C" Darias, and C" G" +ieira Cr, ")roposal of a s!ps with ac output oltage e!plo.ing a ,uadratic 0oost con erter, a new topolog. of softswitched two-switch forward con erter and a new topolog. of pw! three-le el half-0ridge in erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2204" (n (C *-)* can 0e o0tained fro! the association of a new topolog. of Dorward con erter and a new topolog. of half-0ridge in erter" %he >C->C stage is co!posed of a ,uadratic Goost con erter pro iding large oltage step-up and a dou0le-ended Dorward con erter, whose output oltages are Q200+9su0:dc9;su0: and -200+9su0:dc9;su0:" %he >C-(C stage consists of a s.!!etrical three-le el in erter topolog." %he operation of the con erters is anal.7ed, as so!e results concerning the proposed s.ste! are presented"

[20$]

8" Fao, B" Ciang, and A" (" >ougal, ")erfor!ance of power con erters in h.0rid fuel cell; 0atter. power sources," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 201#" M.0rid fuel cell; 0atter. power sources ha e potentiall. widespread uses in applications wherein the power de!and is i!pulsi e rather than constant" &nterposing a >C;>C con erter 0etween a fuel cell and a 0atter. can create two configurations of acti el. controlled h.0rid fuel cell; 0atter. power sources" %his paper co!pares those two configurations using 0oth theor. and e6peri!ent with special

attention to the pea= power enhance!ent, and power losses in the con erter" Goth of the defined configurations were 0uilt, using a 35 1 pol.!er electrol.te !e!0rane fuel cell, an #-cell lithiu!-ion 0atter. pac=, and a high-efficienc. power con erter" Goth configurations .ielded a pea= power output of 135 1, a0out 4 ti!es as high as the fuel cell alone could suppl., with onl. a slight K13HL increase of weight" %he con erter losses were ,uantitati el. anal.7ed" 1hich of the two configurations .ields a s!aller loss depends on the load power de!and characteristics including pea= power and load dut. ratio" %he stud. results in this paper pro ide guidance for the design of h.0rid sources according to the particular load power re,uire!ents" [210] O" Fao and A" (..anar, "&ntegrated !agnetics sche!e for 7 s h.0rid con erter with i!pro ed perfor!ance," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 32#1" %his paper proposes a new integrated !agnetics sche!e for the B+* h.0rid >C->C con erter" %he 0asic h.0rid con erter achie es significant reduction in filter re,uire!ent, while si!ultaneousl. achie ing B+* under all operating conditions" %his paper atte!pts to re!o e one of the !ain draw0ac=s of the h.0rid con erter, na!el. the re,uire!ent of two power transfor!ers, 0. co!0ining the! into a single !agnetic structure with reduced olu!e" %he proposed sche!e also results in reduction of cores losses under a wide operating range" &n addition, the integrated !agnetics sche!e i!pro es the B+* characteristics of the right-!ost leg switches at light loads, thus eli!inating the e6tra 8C circuit needed in the 0asic h.0rid con erter" %he principle of operation of the proposed sche!e is anal.7ed using the g.ratorcapacitor !odel" *a ings in core si7e and core losses co!pared to the 0asic h.0rid con erter are discussed" '6peri!ental results fro! a 100+;5( proof-of-concept protot.pe alidate the anal.sis, and de!onstrate the ad antages of the proposed sche!e" [211] 4" Farcia, )" Bu!el, (" >e Castro, C" (" Co0os, and C" ?ceda, "(n auto!oti e 12 phases dc-dc con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 350" Ne6t future ehicles will change 0atter. oltage fro! 14 to 42+" (s a conse,uence, new con erters are 0eing de eloped to co er the needs of the electrical circuits" &n the !eanti!e, ehicles will ha e dual 0atter. s.ste! K14 and 42+L" ( 1=1 0i-directional 14- 42+ dc-dc con erter has 0een 0uilt and tested for these ehicles" %he goodness of the digital control allows the use of a high nu!0er of interlea ed con erters, .ielding to a low profile K10!! heightL circuit without current sensing" [212] C" Farcia-Farcia, C" Cardesin, C" Ai0as, (" C" CalleIa, '" 8" Coro!inas, -" Aico-*ecades, and C" -" (lonso, "?sing high fre,uenc. current s,uare wa efor!s to a oid acoustic resonances in low wattage !etal halide la!ps," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 23$$" Nowada.s, one of the !ain draw0ac=s in lighting electronics is the appearance of acoustic resonances in M&> la!ps" &n this paper, a new electronic in erter for M&> la!ps is presented" %his in erter pro ides a high fre,uenc. ,uasi-s,uare current wa efor! to the la!p" (s it is not an ideal wa efor!, so!e power har!onics are present in the power fre,uenc. spectru!" Ne ertheless, a proper design of the in erter can 0e done in order to =eep this power har!onics 0ellow the acoustic resonances acti ation energ. threshold le el for this =ind of la!ps" %his wa., lac= of acoustic resonances in low wattage !etal halide la!ps, with a high fi6ed fre,uenc., has 0een o0tained" %hus, two features are o0tained: la!p sta0ilit., and lac= of acoustic resonances with a single power stage" ( protot.pe has 0een 0uilt, and successful e6peri!ents ha e 0een carried out" [213] A" Farcia-Fil, C" -" 'spi, '" *anchis-Jilders, and C" G" 'Iea, "Gi-directional three-phase rectifier with highfre,uenc. isolation and power factor correction," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2#2$" %his paper anal.7es an isolated 0i-directional three-phase rectifier with power factor correction, 0ased on the !atri6 con erter topolog." %he proposed con erter consists of a 0i-directional three-phase to one phase c.clocon erter or reduced !atri6 con erter and a 0i-directional acti e rectifier, 0oth i!ple!ented 0. four-,uadrant switches K4@*1sL" *afe co!!utation of all the 4@*1s is

i!ple!ented and incorporated in the soft-switching process" (dding a satura0le inductor in series with the lea=age inductance reduces switching losses" '6peri!ental results of a 1"2=1, <plus!n/15( and 20=M7 switching-fre,uenc. protot.pe with an all-digital control are presented" [214] (" Farrigos, C" (" Carrasco, C" Au0iato, '" ( ila, C" -" Glanes, and '" *anchis-Jilders, "*.ste! !odel of the se,uential switching shunt series regulator for spacecraft regulated high power 0usses," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2245" %he se,uential switching shunt series regulator *4A, is a full. regulated 0us and 0atter. charger power cell de ised for high power teleco!!unication spacecrafts" ( !athe!atical characteri7ation is o0tained 0. !eans of the !odeling of its power sources as non-linear transconductances" *i!ulations and e6peri!ental !easure!ents are presented to chec= the !odel alidit." [215] >" Feorga=is, *" )apathanassiou, N" Mat7iarg.riou, (" 'ngler, and C" Mardt, "4peration of a protot.pe !icrogrid s.ste! 0ased on !icro-sources e,uipped with fast-acting power electronics interfaces," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2521" %he paper presents e6peri!ental results fro! the operation of a protot.pe -icrogrid s.ste!, installed in the National %echnical ?ni ersit. of (thens, which co!prises a )+ generator, 0atter. energ. storage, local load and a controlled interconnection to the 8+ grid" Goth the 0atter. unit and the )+ generator are connected to the (C grid ia fast-acting >C;(C power con erters" %he con erters are suita0l. controlled to per!it the operation of the s.ste! either interconnected to the 8+ networ=, or in stand-alone KislandL !ode, with a sea!less transfer fro! the one !ode to the other" %he paper pro ides a technical description of the s.ste! co!ponents and the control concept i!ple!ented, along with e6tensi e !easure!ent results which de!onstrate its capa0ilit. to operate in the afore!entioned wa." [212] -" Fer0er, C" (" Derreira, &" 1" MofsaIer, and N" *eliger, "(n i!pro ed 3d integrated dc;dc con erter for high te!perature en iron!ents," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 233$" %he auto!oti e en iron!ent while 0eing electricall. and ther!all. harsh places !an. de!ands on the power electronics 0eing utili7ed within it" Dor power con erters, these de!ands are a high power densit. while operating in a high te!perature en iron!ent" %his paper presents a 2=1 >C;>C con erter using a no el ther!al !anage!ent structure capa0le of operating with coolant te!peratures up to 110<deg/C" %he design of the con erter topolog. is considered and the co!ponent losses are !ini!i7ed with the aid of interlea ing" 1ith the reduced co!ponent losses and the no el ther!al !anage!ent structure, the passi e co!ponents can 0e !iniaturi7ed while still !eeting the re,uired electrical and ther!al specifications, there0. i!pro ing the power densit." %o alidate the design of the con erter, electro!agnetic and ther!al si!ulations are used" Dinall., the con erter is 0uilt and e6peri!entall. alidated" %he !easured results are presented alidating the design" [213] -" Fer0er, C" (" Derreira, &" 1" MofsaIer, and N" *eliger, "&nterlea ing opti!i7ation in s.nchronous rectified dc;dc con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4255" &nterlea ing in s.nchronous rectifiers can lead to reduced losses in 0oth the acti e and passi e co!ponents" Mowe er, this depends on selecting the correct nu!0er of phases and the correct phase inductance for a particular application and re,uire!ents" &n this paper opti!i7ing the nu!0er of phases and the phase inductance is considered to !a6i!i7e the interlea ed s.nchronous rectifiers efficienc. o er the desired operating range" %o do this, the A-* currents and losses in the 0us capacitors, the phase inductances and the switching de ices as a function of the nu!0er of phases and dut. c.cle are considered" Feneric e,uations are presented and used to predict the A-* currents in the passi e co!ponents with so!e non-intuiti e results especiall. concerning the 0us capacitors" &t is shown in the paper, that the opti!u! nu!0er of phases is dependent on the con erter para!eters such as the phase inductance and operating re,uire!ents" )ractical results are presented confir!ing the s.nchronous rectifier loss !odel"

[21#]

J" Fhosh, G" 1illner, and )" -cClus=e., "+irtual ,ualification of a plastic encapsulated dc-dc con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 253#" ( rapid !ethod of ,ualif.ing s!all, plastic encapsulated, >C->C con erters for use in high stress applications is de!onstrated" %his !ethod co!0ines li!ited, tailored, accelerated testing with ph.sics-of-failure 0ased si!ulation using the calce)1( 0oard-le el relia0ilit. assess!ent software" Goth si!ulation and accelerated testing predicted the sa!e failure sites, !odes, and !echanis!s" %he si!ulation results were then cali0rated against the accelerated testing to predict the life of the co!ponent under field load conditions"

[21$]

-" Flin=a, ")rotot.pe of !ultiphase !odular-!ultile el-con erter with 2!w power rating and 13- le eloutput- oltage," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2532" ( ersatile protot.pe con erter s.ste! of the new -odular--ultile el Con erter K-9sup:29;sup:8CL fa!il. will 0e introduced" %he new concept stands out due to its stringent !odular construction as well as its e6tre!el. good control characteristics" %his new -9sup:29;sup:8C concept is well suita0le for a wide range of high oltage applications" %he 0asic wor=ing principle as well as the static and d.na!ic 0eha iour are e6plained in detail on a single-phase (C;(C-con erter ena0ling four-,uadrant operation" %he -9sup:29;sup:8C-fa!il. has alread. 0een introduced and e6a!ined for applications li=e traction con erters, operating directl. on the power line, and networ= interties [1-4]" 1ith this protot.pe con erter s.ste!, the characteristics of arious different - 9sup:29;sup:8C-topologies can 0e in estigated, including single or three phase >C;(C con erters as well as !ultiphase (C;(C con erters" %he protot.pe con erter has 0een designed in such a wa. that its configuration can 0e ,uic=l. changed 0etween a wide range of topologies" ( fle6i0le control s.ste! has 0een i!ple!ented, which is capa0le of controlling up to 32 &FG%s per con erter ar!, independentl." Ne6t to the presentation of the con erter and its control s.ste!, !easure!ent results will 0e presented including con erter operation"

[220]

F" Fotting and A" 1" >e >onc=er, "(cti e dri e control of electric ehicles using a !odal state o0ser er," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 45#5" %he dri etrain of an electric ehicle is not a stiff 0ut a co!pliant s.ste!" Mence, it can 0e e6cited to strong torsional oscillations, in particular 0. fast changes of the air-gap tor,ue" Durther!ore, wheelspin during an acceleration process is critical, 0ecause this can lead to unsta0le dri ea0ilit." %he acti e dri e control presented in this paper allows to i!pro e the o erall perfor!ance of an electric ehicle" %hus, it effects an acti e da!ping of torsional oscillations in the dri etrain and a fast adaptation of the airgap tor,ue of the electrical dri e in case of wheelspin" *ince additional sensors shall 0e a oided, inner state aria0les of the electro!echanical s.ste! are esti!ated 0. a state o0ser er" Dor the specific application, an o0ser er in a !odal structure turns out to 0e an ade,uate solution which si!plifies the adaptation process to different t.pes of dri etrains" %he perfor!ance of the dri e control is de!onstrated 0. !easure!ent and si!ulation results"

[221]

-" F" D" Fous and M" C" Geu=es, "*liding !ode control for a three-phase shunt acti e power filter utili7ing a four-leg oltage source in erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 420$" ( sliding !ode control strateg. for a three-phase shunt acti e power filter utili7ing a four-leg oltage source in erter is presented" (n accurate d.na!ic s.ste! !odel is de eloped in the d,0 space, which ta=es the effect of the neutral inductor into consideration" Gased on this newl. de eloped !odel, the predicti e current controller, and three different t.pes of sliding !ode current controllers are e aluated through si!ulation and practical results"

[222]

*" Fra0ic, N" Celano ic, and +" Jatic, "*eries con erter sta0ili7ed wind tur0ine with per!anent !agnet s.nchronous generator," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 424"

%his paper in estigates the use of a series connected con erter to sol e the insta0ilit. of a grid connected wind tur0ine with per!anent !agnet s.nchronous generator" ?sing si!plified !odels and !echanical analogies it first introduces the solution of the control pro0le! and then discusses so!e of its li!itations" [223] A" Freul, ?" >rofeni=, and C" 1" Jolar, "( no el concept for 0alancing of the phase !odules of a threephase unit. power factor .-rectifier," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 33#3" %he isolated star point of a three-phase star-connection of single-phase unit. power factor )1- rectifier s.ste!s K5-AectifierL results in a !utual coupling of the indi idual phase !odule outputs, i"e" the indi idual >C lin= oltage control loops" *tarting fro! the theoretical anal.sis of a series connection of two >C;>C 0oost con erters a control-oriented e,ui alent circuit of the three-phase 5Aectifier s.ste! is deri ed in anal.ticall. closed for!" Gased on this a ro0ust !ulti- aria0le control is designed which ensures constant >C lin= oltage le els for uns.!!etric distur0ances, i"e" step load changes of the phase !odules" (ll theoretical findings are erified ia nu!erical si!ulations" [224] O" Fu, 5" Fu, 8" Mang, O" 1u, and B" 8u, "( no el 7 s resonant reset dual switch forward dc;dc con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 230#" )aper presents a new topolog. na!ed B+* resonant reset dual switch forward >C;>C con erter, which, co!pared with resonant reset single switch forward >C;>C con erter, !aintains the ad antage that dut. c.cle can 0e !ore than 50H, at the sa!e ti!e disad antages of high oltage stress for !ain switches and low efficienc. are o erco!e" &n addition, soft switching is achie ed for all switches of the presented topolog." %herefore, this proposed topolog. is er. attracti e for high input, wide range and high efficienc. applications" &n this paper, the operation principle and characteristic of this topolog. are anal.7ed in detail" Dinall., the ad antages !entioned a0o e are erified 0. e6peri!ental result" [225] 5" Fu, O" Fu, 8" Mang, 5" >u, B" 8u, and B" @ian, "Acd reset dual switch forward dc;dc con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1425" )aper presents a new topolog. na!ed AC> reset dual switch Dorward >C;>C con erter, which, co!pared with AC> reset single switch Dorward >C;>C con erter, !aintains the ad antage that dut. c.cle can 0e !ore than 50H, while disad antages of high oltage stress for !ain switches and low efficienc. due to co!plete dissipation of !agneti7ing power on the reset resistor are o erco!e" &n the presented topolog., resetting oltage for transfor!er is !ainl. do!inated 0. input oltage and si!ultaneousl. it is co!pensated 0. oltage across reset capacitor as well" %herefore, loss on the reset resistor occupies onl. a fraction of !agneti7ing power" %his proposed topolog. is er. attracti e for highline input, wide range, high efficienc. applications" ( protot.pe of 250+-400+ input, 54+ output, whose highest con ersion efficienc. is $4H is 0uilt to erif. the ad antages of this topolog." [222] 5" Fu, 8" Mang, *" Chen, 5" >u, B" 8u, and B" @ian, "Aesearch on control t.pe soft switching con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1430" )aper clarifies the definition of control t.pe soft switching and presents fi e characteristics for control t.pe soft switching topologies" %he theor. of fi e characteristics is erified in the e6isting control t.pe soft switching topologies, and a series of new control t.pe soft switching topologies, such as Guc=, Goost, Guc=-0oost, Cu=, Beta, *epic, Dl.0ac=, and Dorward are constructed" ( 200=M7 protot.pe of 4#+ input, 1$+ output, whose highest con ersion efficienc. is $2"1H is 0uilt to erif. the theor. of fi e characteristics for control t.pe soft switching" [223] 5" Fu, 8" Mang, B" 8u, B" @ian, F" Muang, and (" C" Bhang, "( no el dri ing sche!e for s.nchronous rectifier suita0le for !odules in parallel," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists

Conference, 2004, pp" 14#2" %his paper presents a dri ing sche!e for s.nchronous rectifier, which !aintains the perfor!ance of s.nchronous rectifier as self-dri en, while sol es the pro0le! of short circuit when !odules run in parallel" &n addition, the a!plitude of s.nchronous rectifier dri ing oltage can 0e adIusted 0. using the proposed sche!e" *o, it is !ore attracti e in so!e occasions that the dri ing oltage is too high if self-dri en is adopted" %he principle of operation and the characteristics of the sche!e are anal.7ed and erified on a 32+-35+ input 1"#+;20( output e6peri!ental protot.pe, whose si7e is 1;4 0ric= and efficienc. is a0o e $0H under rating condition" [22#] '" Fu0ia, )" *anchis, (" ?rsua, and 8" -arro.o, "Migh fre,uenc. filter techni,ues for in erter-fed !otors," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 12$1" &n erter-fed electrical dri es generate pre!ature aging of the !achine isolation, da!age of the 0earings and high fre,uenc. currents" %he !otor ca0le stra. ele!ents increase these effects as a conse,uence of the o er oltage and the oltage rise high rate Kd ;dtL that are generated when the propagated in erter pulse along the ca0le is reflected at the !otor ter!inals" &n order to reproduce the highfre,uenc. 0eha iour of an electrical dri e, it is necessar. to ta=e into account the appropriate !odels for e er. dri e ele!ent" %hat co!es in a er. co!ple6 s.ste! that !a=es difficult to anal.se the !ain factors that are rele ant in each pro0le!" %his paper proposes a !ethodolog. to anal.se the high fre,uenc. filtering of the !otor oltage" %his !ethodolog. !a=es use of two si!ple circuits, one for the differential!ode and another one for the co!!on !ode, and is 0ased on three filtering options deri ed fro! the trans!ission line theor.: - &ncident oltage wa e attenuation at the 0eginning of the ca0le - Ca0le ter!ination networ= to !odif. the high fre,uenc. i!pedance at !otor ter!inals - Aise ti!e increasing of the incident wa e" [22$] C" -" Fuerrero, 8" F" >e +icuna, C" -iret, C" -atas, and C" Cru7, "4utput i!pedance perfor!ance for parallel operation of ups in erters using wireless and a erage current-sharing controllers," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 24#2" %his paper enco!passes the stud. of the output i!pedance i!pact of parallel-connected ?)* in erters" %wo no el nonlinear control strategies are proposed" %he first one is 0ased on the single-wire current-sharing sche!e, which is well =nown in parallel dc-to-dc con erter s.ste!s" %he second one is a wireless control techni,ue deri ed fro! the droop !ethod" %he output i!pedance of the in erters is in estigated in 0oth cases" Aesults of two parallel-connected 1-=+( ?)* in erters show the feasi0ilit. of the proposed approach" Dinall., the two proposed controllers are co!pared 0etween the! and those with the e6isting solutions" [230] C" Fuo, >" Goro.e ich, and *" M" 'dwards, ">istri0uted, !odular, open control architecture for power con ersion s.ste!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 225#" >ue to close coupling to hardware and lac= of software engineering technologies, the control software in digitall. controlled power con ersion s.ste!s is difficult to design and !aintain" %his is a natural conse,uence of a topolog.- or application-dri en design approach" %his paper proposes a distri0uted, !odular, open control architecture for power con ersion s.ste!s to deco!pose control design co!ple6it. and encapsulate and locali7e design dependencies to reduce unnecessar. redesign effort and i!pro e software ,ualit." (n i!ple!entation of the proposed control architecture is presented and e aluated 0. co!parison to the legac. approach to control design in industr. and acade!ia" [231] )" Fupta and (" )atra, "( sta0le energ.-0ased control strateg. for dc-dc 0oost con erter circuits," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3242" %his paper has proposed a new switching sche!e for controlling dc-dc 0oost con erter circuits

and presented the sta0ilit. anal.sis 0. using the !ethod of !ultiple 8.apuno functions" %he dc-dc 0oost con erter is !odeled to operate in three !odes of operations" %he switching a!ong these three !odes depends on capacitor output oltage and inductor pea= current" %he inductor pea= current is calculated fro! the 0asic principle of energ. 0alance" 1hate er energ. is lost 0. the capacitor to the load, the sa!e a!ount of energ. has to 0e gained 0. the inductor" %he !ini!u! load resistance is also calculated to deter!ine the !a6i!u! energ. transfer to the load" %he sta0ilit. of this sche!e is anal.7ed in the phase plane and the sta0ilit. of the li!it c.cle is esta0lished 0. using !ultiple 8.apuno functions" &n particular, it is shown that state traIectories in the phase plane reach a sta0le li!it c.cle and re!ain there" >ifferent 8.apuno functions are defined for different !odes that are shown to 0e positi e and decreasing whene er the corresponding !ode is acti e" %he si!ulation results de!onstrate the perfor!ance of the proposed sche!e under arious load conditions and sudden input and load distur0ances" *ta0ilit. of the li!it c.cle is esta0lished anal.ticall. and illustrated through the si!ulation results" [232] -" Ma0er0erger and D" 1" Duchs, "No el protection strateg. for current interruptions in ig0t current source in erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 55#" ( no el protection strateg. against dc lin= o er oltages in &FG% current source in erters caused 0. current interruptions is presented" %he proposed concept consists of two steps - a fast passi e oltage cla!p and acti el. turned on freewheeling paths across the dc lin= ter!inals" %o i!ple!ent this strateg., an electronic circuit was de eloped and successfull. tested" %he protection circuit is co!pletel. independent fro! nor!al in erter operation, has no effect on the C*& 0eha iour and can 0e reali7ed at low cost" [233] M"-*" Man, %"-M" A.u, and F"-M" Cho, "( control ic for electronic 0allast with !i6ed-!ode e6citation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 132#" %his paper introduces a !i6ed !ode e6citation applica0le to high perfor!ance electronic 0allast co!0ining the ad antages of self and e6ternal e6citations" Dila!ent preheating, di!!ing, and protection are also i!ple!ented 0. the control &C designed using the 5+ C-4* process including the function of the !i6ed !ode e6citation, which ena0les a reali7ation of a low cost and high perfor!ance electronic 0allast" [234] *"-J" Man, *"-1" Choi, F"-1" -oon, and -"-C" 5oun, "Bero- oltage and 7ero-current switching energ.reco er. circuit for plas!a displa. panel," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3#2" ( new 7ero- oltage and 7ero-current switching KB+BC*L energ.-reco er. circuit K'ACL for a plas!a displa. panel K)>)L is proposed" *ince its au6iliar. circuit is co!posed of 2 diodes and onl. 2 power switches co!pared with # diodes and 4 power switches of the prior circuit, it features a si!pler structure, less !ass, and lower cost of production" Durther!ore, since all power switches are turned on or off under 7ero- oltage and 7ero-current switching, it has er. desira0le ad antages such as a high efficienc., no serious '-& pro0le!, and low switching losses, and the 0urden on the cooling s.ste! is reduced" &n particular, since the current sources 0uilt in inductors co!pensates the plas!a discharge current, it could sol e the pro0le! of the undesira0le oltage drop, which ena0les the panel to light at lower oltage such as 140+ co!pared with a0out 125+ of the prior circuit" %herefore, this proposed circuit is e6pected to 0e well suited for the hang-on-the-wall )>D color %+" [235] *"-J" Man, F"-1" -oon, and 5" -.ung-Coong, "( high efficienc. 7 s pw! as.!!etrical half 0ridge con erter for plas!a displa. panel sustaining power !odule," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 332" ( high efficienc. B+* )1- as.!!etrical half 0ridge con erter for a plas!a displa. panel K)>)L sustaining power !odule is proposed in this paper" %o achie e the B+* of power switches for the wide load range, a s!all additional inductor 89su0:l=g9;su0:, which also acts as an output filter inductor, is seriall. inserted to the transfor!er pri!ar. side" %hen, to sol e the pro0le! related to ringing in the

secondar. rectifier caused 0. 89su0:l=g9;su0:, the proposed circuit e!plo.s a structure without the output filter inductor, which helps the oltages across rectifier diodes to 0e cla!ped at the output oltage" %herefore, no dissipati e AC Kresistor capacitorL snu00er for rectifier diodes is needed and a high efficienc. as well as low noise output oltage can 0e reali7ed" &n addition, since it has no large output inductor filter, it features a si!pler structure, lower cost, less !ass, and lighter weight" -oreo er, since all energ. stored in 89su0:l=g9;su0: is transferred to the output side, the circulating energ. pro0le! can 0e effecti el. sol ed" %he operational principle, theoretical anal.sis, and design considerations are presented" %o confir! the operation, alidit., and features of the proposed circuit, e6peri!ental results fro! a 4251, 3#5+dc;130+dc protot.pe are presented" [232] 5" Man, 1" '0erle, and 5"-D" 8iu, "New !easure!ent !ethods to characteri7e transfor!er core loss and copper loss in high fre,uenc. switching !ode power supplies," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 12$5" New !easure!ent !ethods to characteri7e transfor!er core loss and copper loss in high fre,uenc. switching !ode power supplies are proposed" '6peri!ental results for a planar transfor!er used in a >C;>C con erter are presented" ( ti!e-do!ain finite ele!ent anal.sis transient sol er is adopted to erif. the !easure!ent results" &n addition, a detailed error anal.sis on each of the error sources of the proposed !easure!ent !ethods is pro ided" [233] N" Manigo s7=i, C" )oulsen, F" *pia77i, and D" Glaa0Ierg, "(n e!c e aluation of the use of unshielded !otor ca0les in ac adIusta0le speed dri e applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 35" %he !ost co!!on solution for !odern adIusta0le speed dri es K(*>L is the use of induction !otors K&-L fed 0. oltage-source in erters K+*&L" %he in erter generates a pulsewidth !odulated K)1-L oltage, with d ;dt alues of a0out 2 =+;<!u/s or e en !ore" &n three-leg in erters for three-phase applications the occurrence of co!!on-!ode oltage is inherent due to as.!!etrical output pulses" (s a result, for electro!agnetic co!pati0ilit. K'-CL reasons, in !ost applications shielded ca0les are used 0etween the in erter and the !otor, i!pl.ing high installation costs" %he present paper discusses the use of cheaper, unshielded ca0les" ( new !ethod for !easuring electro!agnetic interference K'-&L fro! unshielded ca0les is proposed and !easure!ent results are presented" %he le el of '-& is e aluated in different situations: without an output filter, with a classical 8C output filter and with an ad anced output filter with >C lin= connection" &t is concluded that, fro! an '-C point of iew, unshielded ca0les can gi e er. good perfor!ance pro ided that a co!!on-!ode KC-L output filter is used" [23#] A" Mao, B" Cheng, and O" 5ou, "( no el har!onic currents detection !ethod 0ased on rotating d-, reference fra!e for acti e power filter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3034" %his paper presents a no el har!onic currents detection !ethod 0ased on rotating d-, reference fra!e, which can accuratel. e6tract har!onic and reacti e currents of nonlinear loads under the conditions of as.!!etric and distorted suppl. oltage" ( predicti e current control is proposed for acti e power filter K()DL to trac= reference currents" %wo digital signal processor K>*)L 0ased e6peri!ental protot.pes are 0uilt 4ne is 5 =+( la0-0ased ()D and the other is 150 =+( h.0rid-t.pe ()D" %he si!ulation and e6peri!ental results are gi en, which erif. the effecti eness of the proposed !ethods" [23$] M" Mara, '" 5a!a!oto, C"-J" Jang, and %" Ju!e, "&!pro e!ent of output oltage control perfor!ance for low speed operation of !atri6 con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2$10" %he !atri6 con erter K-<ti!es/CL is an ac-to-ac con ersion de ice that can generate aria0le fre,uenc., aria0le oltage output Nine 0idirectional switches of -6C allow )1- control of input currents and output oltages" )1- switching needs "switch co!!utations" fro! one switch to another" >uring the switch co!!utations, howe er, unwanted oltage error occurs li=e a dead ti!e effect in +oltage

*ource &n erter K+*&L" 1hen )1- pulse widths are narrower than the ti!e for co!pleting a co!!utation se,uence, oltage error rapidl. increases" &n the low speed range, )1- pulses 0eco!e narrower and oltage distortions 0eco!e larger due to inco!plete co!!utations" -oreo er these errors are critical in the low speed operation 0ecause s.ste! is sensiti e to e en a s!all oltage error" &n this paper, a new )1strateg. is proposed for i!pro ing oltage control perfor!ance in the low speed range" Gased on the input and output oltage infor!ation, )1- pulse widths are controlled to a oid inco!plete co!!utation" %he feasi0ilit. of the proposed !ethod is pro ed through si!ulation and e6peri!ental results" [240] J" Mase, F" 8efranc, -" Bellner, and %" 8icht, "( solder 0u!ping interconnect technolog. for high-power de ices," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 41#3" -odern power se!iconductor chips Kpower -4*D'%s and &FG%sL ha e high current-handling capacities which are increasingl. difficult to reali7e as !odules with con entional 0onds" ( )ower Gall Frid (rra. K)GF(L structure is conse,uentl. e6a!ined as an alternati e" Co!pared with 0onding, it offers ad antages such as higher process efficienc., a reduced A9su0:>*on9;su0: lower parasitic inductance, 0etter ther!al dissipation and thus lower heating of the leads than=s to a larger contact cross-section [1]" &n addition, relia0ilit. i!pro e!ent is e6pected as against 0ond contacts in which fatigue is !ainl. caused 0. the strongl. di ergent C%' alues of the *i chip K2"2<ti!es/10 9sup:-29;sup:J9sup:-19;sup:L and the alu!inu! 0ond wire K23"5<ti!es/10 9sup:-29;sup:J9sup:-19;sup:L" &n the )GF( structure presented here, a significantl. s!aller difference was found 0etween the C%' alues of the *i chip and the >CG su0strate K3<ti!es/109sup:-29;sup:J9sup:-19;sup:L" %o reali7e a high current-carr.ing capa0ilit., a large nu!0er of 0u!ps are connected in parallel for contacting the front of the power se!iconductor" %he 0u!ps are produced 0. solder paste printing directl. on the copper of the >CG su0strate, and the effect of arious pattern la.outs and solder paste allo.s K)0$2"5*n5(g2"5 and )0$5*n5L was e6a!ined" ( wafer process was de eloped for producing a soldera0le front !etalli7ation in which the 0ac= of the chip is protected 0. a fil!" 'lectrical and ther!al characteri7ation as well as first relia0ilit. tests are reported" [241] C" F" Ma.es, N" 4E>ono an, and -" F" 'gan, "%he e6tended t !odel of the !ultiwinding transfor!er," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1#12" &n this paper, a no el !odel for a high-lea=age !ultiwinding transfor!er is presented" %his !odel is ter!ed the e6tended % !odel" %he !odel is de eloped 0. relating ph.sical spaces within the !ultiwinding transfor!er to the lea=age inductances and the !utual couplings of the transfor!er" %he !odel is currentl. 0eing in estigated for the following areas: lea=age and cross-coupling effects in resonant and hard-switched con erters, !odelling of '-& parasitics and ac resistance co!ponents, and !odelling of pol.-phase transfor!ers, coupled inductors, and !achines" &n this paper, the 0asic !odel is presented and alidated" ( high-power high-lea=age three-winding transfor!er is first characteri7ed on the 0ench using open-circuit and series-coupling tests" %his test data set .ields the transfor!er inductance !atri6 co!posed of self and !utual inductances" %he ele!ents of the !atri6 are then 0ro=en down into the lea=age and !utual inductances 0etween the three windings" %he ph.sical structure of the transfor!er is then e6a!ined, and the new transfor!er !odel is created 0ased on this isual e6a!ination and the =nowledge of lea=age and !utual inductances" %he inductance !atri6 is also used to generate two other !odels: the con entional % !odel, and the e6tended cantile er !odel" '6cellent correlation is de!onstrated 0etween all three !odels, )*)&C' si!ulations, and the e6peri!ental load tests using an inducti e load" [242] 5" Me, 5" Fu, M" Chen, and B" @ian, "( no el !ulti-output forward-fl.0ac= con erter with secondar. side post regulation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 21#" &n this paper, a no el !ulti-output forward-fl.0ac= con erter with secondar. side post regulation is proposed" %his con erter can output the high power using forward con erter, and low power in fl.0ac= con erter" *o it co!0ines the ad antage of high efficienc. of forward and the low cost of fl.0ac= and also has tightl. regulated outputs" %he operation principle of the con erter is discussed, and erified on an e6peri!ental protot.pe on 2501" [243] B" Me, 5" Oing, and 5" Mu, "8ow cost co!pound current sharing control for in erters in parallel operation,"

in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 222" ( co!pound control sche!e for in erters in parallel operation is proposed" %he s.nchroni7ation control is decoupled fro! current sharing control 0. local feed0ac=" &n each in erter !odule, the sinusoidal reference of output oltage is generated in digital !anner, the phase angle of which is deter!ined 0. a sharing s.nchronous s,uare-wa e signal" Gased on a erage !ethod, the current sharing is reali7ed through si!ple analog circuits" %he a!plitude of the reference oltage is also regulated according to the circulating current to i!pro e load 0alance perfor!ance" (ll the control circuits for parallel operation, sharing a digital s.nchronous signal and an analog current reference, are e,uall. distri0uted in the !odules" %heoretical anal.sis and e6peri!ental results are presented to de!onstrate the perfor!ance of the proposed control sche!e of parallel operation" [244] -" 8" Meldwein, %" Nuss0au!er, and C" 1" Jolar, ">ifferential !ode e!c input filter design for three-phase ac-dc-ac sparse !atri6 pw! con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2#4" %he design of a differential-!ode '-C input filter for a three-phase (C->C-(C +er. *parse -atri6 Con erter intended for electrical !achine dri e applications is discussed in this paper" ( re iew of the steps to 0e perfor!ed in the course of the filter design is presented and a detailed !athe!atical !odel of the '-& test recei er for ,uasi-pea= !easure!ent of conducted e!issions in the fre,uenc. range of 0"15"30 -M7 is esta0lished" Durther!ore, for!ulas for the esti!ation of the ,uasi-pea= detector output 0ased on the 8&*N output oltage spectru! are pro ided" (s e6peri!entall. erified 0. using a no el three-phase C-;>- separator this procedure allows an accurate prediction of the con erter differential !ode conducted e!ission le els and therefore could 0e e!plo.ed in the design process for ensuring co!pliance to rele ant '-C standards" [245] C" Mewson and 1" D" Aa., "%he effect of electrostatic screening of rogows=i coils designed for wide0andwidth current !easure!ent in power electronic applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1143" Aogows=i current transducers are ideal for !onitoring pulsed and transient currents in power electronic applications as the. ha e a high 0andwidth and low insertion i!pedance" &t is so!eti!es necessar. to fit an electrostatic shield to the Aogows=i coil" 8arge d+;dt distur0ances in close pro6i!it. to the coil produce !easure!ent interference due to capaciti e coupling" ( shield eli!inates this coupling" Mowe er Aogows=i coils are not nor!all. fitted with an electrostatic shield since the resulting increase in coil capacitance reduces the high fre,uenc. 0andwidth" (lso the coil is 0ul=ier, less fle6i0le and !ore difficult to !anufacture" %here are applications where local d+;dt distur0ances are so large that fitting a screen is a necessit." %his paper e6a!ines the co!pro!ise 0etween the high fre,uenc. perfor!ance of the Aogows=i transducer and the effecti e electrostatic shielding of d+;dt interference" ( theoretical !odel for the !echanis! 0. which large close coupled sources of d+;dt affect the 0eha iour of the Aogows=i coil is presented" &n addition the paper descri0es a !odel for the high fre,uenc. perfor!ance of a shielded Aogows=i coil" %hese !odels are erified using a purpose 0uilt test rig capa0le of generating large d+;dt distur0ances in e6cess of 40=+;us" [242] D" Minrichsen, &" Joch, and 1" A" Canders, "Current source ig0t-in erter for low inducti e s.nchronous !achines," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2#4$" *.nchronous !achines with air-gap per!anent !agnet e6citation are ad antageous in !an. !odern applications" (s a result of the construction principle the stator inducti ities are often er. low" %herefore, co!!on oltage source in erters with sinusoidal output currents are not auto!aticall. the 0est suppl. solution for these !achines" 'ither load reactors ha e to 0e used to s!ooth the output current or the high du;dt-rates of faster switches produce '-& pro0le!s and o er oltages at the !achine windings" &n estigations ha e shown that sine-wa e !achine currents are not the !ost effecti e wa. to feed these dri es" %his paper presents a no el wa. to o erco!e these pro0le!s 0. using a current source &FG%in erter" %he in estigated s.ste! consists of a pulse-rectifier, a >C-current-lin= and an in erter with an

output capacitor 0an= to decouple the stator currents fro! the >C-lin=" ( si!ple, !odular in erter construction is proposed" &t !a=es no use of snu00ers and is scala0le o er a wide power range" )ractical e6peri!ents to pro e the feasi0ilit. ha e 0een carried out with positi e results" [243] '" Mira=i, -" Na=ao=a, *" *ugi!oto, and *" 4gawa, ")ractical e aluations for three-phase soft-switching in erter with high-fre,uenc. pulse-current transfor!er," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3$53" &n this paper, a protot.pe of the au6iliar. resonant co!!utated snu00er circuit K(AC*L incorporating a pulse-current feed0ac= high-fre,uenc. transfor!er with power regeneration loop is descri0ed for three-phase in erter fro! a practical point of iew" Dor three-phase oltage-fed soft-switching in erter, soft-switching acti e power filter and acti e )DC rectifier, the soft-switching in erter topolog. treated here has significant ad antages of effecti e power loss reduction in the au6iliar. acti e switching power de ices in the (AC*" &n addition, this paper presents a >*)-0ased digitall.-control space ector!odulated three-phase oltage-fed in erter with high-fre,uenc. pulse-current transfor!er KMD)%L assisted (AC*, which can efficientl. operate under a sta0le condition of a 7ero oltage soft-switching co!!utation" %he stead.-state operating circuit anal.sis of the new (AC* has the salient features and the practical design procedure of this resonant snu00er are illustrated and discussed on the 0asis of si!ulation and e6peri!ental results" %he operating perfor!ance of this soft-switching in erter using &FG% power !odules and its e aluations in the stead.-state are actuall. discussed as co!pared with the con entional three-phase oltage-fed space ector !odulated hard-switching in erter" [24#] G" -" %" Mo, M" *" M" Chung, and (" 1" 8" 8o, "?se of s.ste! oscillation to trac= the !pp of p panels," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1$32" %his paper proposes the use of s.ste! oscillation in a pertur0ation-0ased !a6i!u! power point K-))L trac=er to locate the -)) of photo oltaic panels" &nstead of using an e6plicit pertur0ation source, the trac=er controller is designed to !a=e the o erall s.ste! 0e self-oscillated, so that the dut. c.cle of the !ain switch in the power con ersion stage K)C*L is inherentl. !odulated with a s!alla!plitude ariation at a predefined fre,uenc. around the re,uired stead.-state alue" %he trac=ing !echanis! is 0ased on co!paring the ac co!ponent Kdue to the ariation of the dut. c.cleL and the a erage alue of the input oltage of the )C* to deter!ine the ,uiescent dut. c.cle" %he proposed techni,ue does not appro6i!ate the panel characteristics and can glo0all. locate the -)) under wide insolation conditions" %he trac=ing capa0ilit. has 0een erified e6peri!entall. with a 101 solar panel in a controlled setup" )erfor!ances at the stead. state and during the large-signal change of the insolation le el will 0e gi en" [24$] C" Mo0raiche, C" )" +ilain, and C" )lasse, "4ffline opti!i7ed pulse pattern with a iew to reducing dc-lin= capacitor - application to a starter generator," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3332" &n an e!0edded application, electrical e,uip!ents are connected to the on0oard networ=" &n order to a oid an. d.sfunction, the >C-lin= oltage has to 0e as constant as possi0le" %o achie e this purpose, a high capacitance is inserted in parallelto the networ=" %his paper shows relationship 0etween >C-lin= oltage ripple and >C-lin= current ripple 0. using a si!plified e,ui alent sche!e of the on0oard networ=" Control of the >C-lin= current per!its to reduce the capacitorEs si7e without increasing significantl. the >C-lin= oltage ripple" (n opti!al )ulse 1idth -odulation K)1-L strateg. is proposed to control >C-lin= current har!onics" %he general e,uation s.ste! and the nu!erical co!putation of si!ple e6a!ples are de eloped in this paper" ( starter generator application e!0edded in an auto!oti e is used to illustrate our wor=" [250] -" C" MoeiI!a=ers and -" Aondel, "%he electrical aria0le trans!ission in a cit. 0us," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2333" Dirst, an electro!echanical con erter with two !echanical ports and one electrical port

Kconsisting of two concentric !achines and two in ertorsL is considered" %his con erter wor=s as a continuousl. aria0le trans!ission 0etween the !echanical ports and !a., for e6a!ple, replace the clutch, gear0o6, generator, and starter !otor in a !otor ehicle" %he wor=ing principle of this con erter is e6plained" Ne6t, a new con erter, the 'lectrical +aria0le %rans!ission K'+%L, is presented" %his con erter has si!ilar properties, 0ut is s!aller and lighter" %he '+% !a. 0e seen as 0uilt up fro! two concentric induction !achines with a co!0ined, relati el. thin .o=e" *o, we o0tain one electro!agnetic de ice instead of two !agneticall. separated de ices" Dor the e6planation of the principle of the '+%, different operation !odes are e6a!ined 0. !eans of anal.tical two-di!ensional field co!putations and the losses are discussed" %he perfor!ance of the '+% in a cit. 0us was si!ulated and co!pared with a 0us with a con entional auto!atic trans!ission" %he 0us with the '+% uses less fuel 0ecause the co!0ustion engine can operate with higher efficienc." %he '+% is er. well fit to 0e used in a h.0rid configuration, which decreases the fuel consu!ption e en !ore" [251] J" D" Moff!ann and C" )" Jarst, "&nducti e decoupling of parallel connected co!!utation cells for d.na!ic current 0alancing," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3$3#" Dor high power applications 0oth the series and the parallel connection of se!iconductors are co!!onl. used for increasing the output power of con erters" %his parallel connection of de ices de!ands a 0alanced current sharing" ( !ethod for current 0alancing in parallel co!!utation cells is detailed anal.sed in this paper" Dor the parallel connection of de ices the reali7ation of a d.na!ic and static load current sharing is essential" 1ith respect to this the influences of 0oth the dela. ti!es of the se!iconductors and the co!!utation cell inductances get !ore i!portant with increasing switching fre,uenc." >ifferences in these para!eters !ight cause o ercurrents in so!e de ices, especiall. at the turnoff co!!utation" %hese o ercurrents can result in critical oltage spi=es" ?tili7ing s!all inductances s.!!etricall. installed 0etween the co!!utation cells and the load causes a 0alanced d.na!ic current sharing" %hese inductances act as current sources and achie e a oltage decoupling 0etween the different co!!utation cells during the co!!utation" &n the case of different dela. ti!es of the switches a step-0.step co!!utation will 0e achie ed" %he funda!ental 0asics and a theoretical anal.sis are presented" Durther!ore e6peri!ental results are shown and the 0enefits and disad antages of this techni,ue are discussed" [252] M" Mof!ann, >" Ferling, and M" Gausch, "'nhanced h.steresis current controller for a per!anent-!agnet s.nchronous !achine," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3$24" 1ith a con entional h.steresis current controller the power output of an in erter fed s.nchronous !achine decreases if the set point of the current 0eco!es to high" %his appears 0ecause the oltage of the >C lin= is too low to appl. the desired current" %herefore the funda!ental co!ponent of the current is not in phase with the funda!ental co!ponent of the oltage" %his phase difference increases with increasing set point" %his paper descri0es a !ethod to a oid this increasing phase differnce 0. changing the con entional h.steresis control" Dor this purpose the ti!e is calculated fro! which the current has to 0e decreased" %he theor. and so!e si!ulation results are shown" %he output power can 0e further increased if the set point of the current leads the funda!ental co!ponent of the oltage so that the funda!ental co!ponents of oltage and current are in phase" [253] 5" Mong6iang, 8" -in, and C" 5anchao, "(n ad anced har!onic eli!ination pw! techni,ue for ac choppers," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 121" ( no el har!onic eli!ination pulse width !odulation K)1-L techni,ue for ac choppers is proposed" %he !odulation function is deri ed fro! the input oltage signal" Co!pared with pre ious constant dut. c.cle control, it has ad antage of eli!inating all low order har!onic oltage contained in ac !ains without need of processing har!onic fre,uenc." Mence it reduces greatl. the de!and for 0andwidth of controller and si!plifies the control sche!e" 4peration principles and reali7ation of the new )1techni,ue are discussed in detail" %heoretical anal.sis and si!ulation results indicate the superiorit. of the

new !ethod o er e6isting constant dut. c.cle control" Cooperated with a si!ple low +( rate output passi e filter, the proposed )1- sche!e can efficientl. suppress 0oth low order and high order har!onics in ac !ains" '6peri!ental results of a 2=+( single-phase protot.pe unit show that it has good perfor!ance in har!onic oltage suppression" [254] J" Motta, %" Du=a!i, J" Ma!ada, %" *ugi.a!a, and -" &shi=o, "(n a0nor!al turn-off surge suppression concept for pt-ig0ts at high oltage operation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 5$1" &n this paper, we in estigate the turn-off surge 0eha ior of )%-&FG%s, and in particular, a0nor!al increases in surge oltage appearing at high oltage conditions, which are re,uired for a h.0rid ehicle with a !ore powerful !otor output" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental results showed that the a0nor!al surge oltage can 0e suppressed 0. increase of an e6tra-carrier at the interface 0etween the n-drift and nQ0uffer la.ers, 0ecause the a0nor!al pheno!enon resulted fro! depletion of the accu!ulated carrier during the turn-off period" %his counter!easure is achie ed 0. designing the )%-&FG% as the increase of the e6tra-carrier at the interface during the turn-off period" %his allows reduction of the surge oltage, and there0. !a=es it possi0le to use the de ice for higher oltage operation o er 200+, such as in h.0rid ehicle application, and conse,uentl., to increase the !otor power of the h.0rid ehicle without sacrificing relia0ilit. and cost" [255] C" Mo.o, C" (lcala, and M" CalleIa, "( high ,ualit. output ac;ac cu= con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2###" &n this paper the design of an (C-(C con erter, capa0le of generating a high-,ualit. output, is descri0ed" &t is 0ased on the Cu= configuration and, since there are no transfor!ers, it lends itself to a co!pact and lightweight i!ple!entation" (n integrated circuit, de eloped for >C->C applications, is used to control the con erter" %ests perfor!ed show that the output e6hi0its a %'> T 3H" %he efficienc. is slightl. higher than #$H, and the a erage output regulation is 0"3H" [252] 5" C" Msieh, *" )" Chou, and C" *" -oo, "Galance discharging for series-connected 0atteries," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 22$3" Charge e,uali7ation during the charging process has 0een e6tensi el. discussed for a seriesconnected 0atter. 0an=" Mowe er, charge ine,ualit. !a. happen to 0atteries as well during discharging" ?n0alanced discharging can 0e critical for the application of a series-connected 0atter. 0an= 0ut was seldo! !entioned" %he i!0alance a!ong 0atteries !a. result in o er-discharging and conse,uentl. da!ages the 0atteries" %o sol e the pro0le! of charge e,uali7ation, a 0alance discharging !ethod for series-connected 0atter. 0an= is proposed" %he 0alance discharging is perfor!ed 0. an output con erter which pro ides output oltage regulation" &n addition, the inapplica0le 0atteries will 0e isolated in case that the. are e6hausted or da!aged" %he 0alance discharging !ethod is reali7ed 0. a fl.-0ac= con ersion circuit with a !ulti-input transfor!er" ( si!ple )1- Kpulse-width-!odulationL controller is i!ple!ented to perfor! the control tas=s" %he applica0ilit. of the proposed !ethod is confir!ed 0. e6peri!ents" [253] C" Mu, 8" 1ang, 5" Muang, and B" Bhang, "( closed-loop control for the power source of the o7oni7er," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3$#4" &n %his paper, %he load characteristic of the o7oni7er is anal.7ed 0. theor. and e6peri!ents" %he cur e of &-+-f is achie ed" ( high-fre,uenc. power source with closed loop control is designed 0ased on the load characteristic of the o7oni7er too" &t has the ad antage of good sta0ilit., high efficienc., s!all si7e, low noise etc" %he iew are confir!ed 0. e6peri!ental results" [25#] C" Mu, C" +on Gloh, and A" 1" >e >onc=er, "%.pical i!pulses in power electronics and their e!i characteristics," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3021"

'lectro!agnetic interference K'-&L characteristics are one of the !ost i!portant aspects of a power con erter" Dor purpose of topolog. e aluation and '-& filter design, the spectru! of the current and oltage i!pulses, which are sources of the conduction '-&, should 0e anal.sed" %o calculate the spectru! of an i!pulse signal, Dourier-anal.sis is co!!onl. used" Gut with this !ethod it is not eas. to o0tain si!ple and clear s.!0olic results for the s.ntheses of '-& filters" ?sing a graphical !ethod, si!ple and clear results can 0e o0tained which descri0e the upper li!it of the spectru! en elope" %herefore, the t.pical current and oltage i!pulses in power electronics are anal.sed 0. using this graphic approach" ',uations which descri0e their spectru! en elop upper li!it are deri ed" ?sing these results, the '-& characteristics of the co!!on topologies can 0e co!pared easil." Durther!ore, the !ethod ena0les an efficient '-& filter design" [25$] 8" Mu, M" 1ang, 5" >eng, and O" Me, "( si!ple s pw! algorith! for !ultile el in erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3432" &n this paper, a si!ple space ector pulse width !odulation K*+)1-L algorith! for !ultile el in erters is proposed" 1ith the proposed !ethod, the three nearest co!pound ectors can 0e selected easil. and the dwelling ti!e of each ector can 0e si!pl. calculated for either three-le el in erter or in erters with !ore le els" %he si!ulation and e6peri!entation of a three-le el in erter erified its alidit." [220] B" Mu, G" Bhang, and 1" >eng, "Deasi0ilit. stud. on one c.cle control for pw! switched con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 335$" 4ne c.cle control K4CCL is a no el nonlinear control !ethod for switched con erters and s.ste!s" ( one c.cle controlled switch has the a0ilit. to reIect the input pertur0ation and to follow control reference onl. one switching c.cle" Gut the uni ersal !eaning of 4CC for switched con erters has not 0een studied .et and so li!its its further de elop!ent and engineering applications" &n this paper, the concept and theor. of switched linear s.ste!s K*8*L were introduced to 4CC feasi0ilit. stud. for switched con erters" %he 4CC feasi0ilit. for )1- >C->C con erters was studied as e6a!ples" (t first, 0asic )1>C->C con erters were 0uilt as periodic switched linear s.ste! !odels" %hen according to the characteristics of periodic switched linear s.ste! !odels, the output controlla0ilit. K4CL concept and its sufficient and necessar. criterion in 1-period and !-period of periodic switched linear s.ste!s were presented" (t last, 1-period 4C and !-period 4C of Guc= )1- con erter, Goost )1- con erter and Guc=;0oost )1- con erter was anal.7ed" %he anal.sis results erif. that the 0asic )1- >C->C con erters are output controlla0le 0oth in 1-period and !-period" &t can 0e seen that 4CC can 0e applied to 0asic )1- >C->C con erters according to the 4C definition in 1-period and !-period" %heoretical anal.sis result is sa!e as e6peri!ental erification of Guc= )1- con erter with 4CC in reference [1]" %he anal.sis !ethod can 0e ad anced directl. to stud. 4CC feasi0ilit. for other switched con erters or s.ste!s" [221] M" Muang, *" Mu, and >" C7ar=ows=i, "( no el si!ple6 ho!otopic fi6ed-point algorith! for co!putation of opti!al pw! patterns," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1223" ( no el *i!ple6 Mo!otopic Di6ed-)oint (lgorith! to sol e the opti!al )1- pro0le! is introduced in this paper" %he goal of opti!al )1- is to select the switching instants KanglesL in such a wa. that a wa efor! with a particular characteristic is o0tained and a certain criterion is !ini!i7ed" %he algorith!s, which ha e 0een gi en so far in the literature to address this pro0le!, use off-line precalculations and loo=-up ta0les" %he proposed algorith! transfor!s the nonlinear e,uations to a pol.no!ial set, uses the si!ple6 ho!otopic fi6ed-point approach to find the initial alues of the roots, and then uses cu0ic iteration to refine the roots" %he salient features of the algorith! presented in this paper are: high accurac., fast speed Klow co!putational costL, and ro0ustness e en when facing ill-conditioned cases" 1ith t.pical conte!porar. >*)s, this algorith! can 0e used to set a!plitudes of se eral tens of har!onics within one c.cle of the ac power wa efor!" *ince the switching angles are calculated independentl. fro! each other, the algorith! can 0e easil. i!ple!ented for parallel processing" %his would ena0le its use in de!anding wa efor! processing applications"

[222]

O" Muang, %" F" Ma0etler, and A" F" Marle., ">etection of rotor eccentricit. faults in closed-loop dri econnected induction !otors using an artificial neural networ=," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" $13" %his paper focuses on the detection of !i6ed air gap eccentricit. in a closed-loop dri econnected induction !otor" &t anal.7es the distri0ution of fault signatures, and proposes a diagnostic sche!e that !onitors 0oth the stator oltage and current space ectors" *ince these space ectors are readil. a aila0le control aria0les, this detection !ethod does not add an. e6tra cost to the e6isting instru!entation s.ste! of the !otor dri e" Dor a dri e-connected induction !otor, its speed aries widel." %he a!plitudes of eccentricit.-related co!ponents change non-!onotonicall. with the operating conditions" (n (rtificial Neural Networ= K(NNL is used to learn the co!plicated relationship and esti!ate corresponding signature a!plitudes o er a wide range of operating conditions" '6peri!ental results fro! a three-phase induction !otor dri en 0. a co!!ercial ector-controlled dri e alidate the feasi0ilit. of this diagnostic sche!e"

[223]

*" 5" A" Mui and 1" C" Mo, "( new generation of uni ersal contactless 0atter. charging platfor! for porta0le consu!er electronic e,uip!ent," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 23#" %his in ention is related to a new planar inducti e 0atter. charger for porta0le electronic e,uip!ent such as !o0ile phones, pal! pilots and C> pla.ers" New !ulti-la.er printed-circuit-0oard K)CGL winding !atrices of he6agonal structures that can generate !agnetic flu6 of al!ost e en !agnitude o er the surface of the winding arra.s ha e 0een de eloped" %he new concept for!s the 0asis for a new generation of uni ersal charging platfor! for a wide range of porta0le electronic e,uip!ent" >ifferent t.pes of porta0le electronic e,uip!ent can 0e placed and charged si!ultaneousl. on the charging platfor!, regardless of their positions and orientation" %he principle and structure of the charging platfor! are e6plained and the feasi0ilit. has 0een confir!ed with practical !easure!ents" %he proposed uni ersal charging platfor! has 0een successfull. used for !o0ile phones, -)3 pla.ers and electronic dictionaries"

[224]

(" Multgren and -" 8enells, "*ta0ilit. of a ha!iltonian o0ser er applied to a resonant con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 244#" ( series loaded resonant con erter is used in a high oltage and a high power application" ( transfor!er in the resonant con erter !a=es a significant contri0ution to the d.na!ics 0. a high lea=age capacitance and a high !agnetising inductance" %he con erter runs 0oth in continuous and discontinuous conducting !ode" %he con erter is a full 0ridge con erter and its controller will 0e 0ased on the states of the con erter" &n our case there are fi e states/ the resonant current, the current through the !agnetising inductance, the oltage across the series capacitor, the oltage accross the lea=age capacitance, and the oltage accross a capaciti e load" &t is not possi0le to !easure all states, in fact onl. one state is !easured" 1e propose a non-linear o0ser er, called a switched Ma!iltonian o0ser er, to esti!ate the states" ( sta0ilit. anal.sis of the o0ser er is 0ased on !odelling of the o0ser er error process as a Ma!iltonian s.ste!" G. use of this !ethod we are a0le to pro e glo0al sta0ilit. and suggest a design !ethod of the switched Ma!iltonian o0ser er" *i!ulation is perfor!ed for illustration of the sta0ilit. properties of the o0ser er" %he si!ulations show also that the o0ser er esti!ates con erge to the true state alues"

[225]

8" &annelli and D" +asca, ">ithering for sliding !ode control of dc;dc con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1212" %he i!ple!entation of sliding !ode controllers for power electronic con erters needs the use of a suita0le strateg. in order to !aintain the switching fre,uenc. finite and possi0l. constant" %his o0Iecti e can 0e o0tained 0. replacing the ideal rela. characteristic of the sliding controller with a aria0le h.steresis 0and" &n this paper we show that the sa!e o0Iecti e can 0e also achie ed 0. inIecting a high fre,uenc. signal at the input of the rela." Aecent results on the a eraging of dithered switching s.ste!s are e6ploited in order to show the effecti eness of the proposed approach and to pro ide insights for the design of shape and para!eters of the signal to 0e inIected" >ither is shown to pla. an i!portant role for sta0ilit.

and ro0ustness of the controlled con erter" *i!ulations on 0oost and 0uc= >C;>C con erters confir! the e6pected results" [222] *" &chi=awa, (" &wata, -" %o!ita, *" >o=i, and *" 4=u!a, "*ensorless control of s.nchronous reluctance !otors using an on-line para!eter identification !ethod ta=ing into account !agnetic saturation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3311" &n this paper, we propose a sensorless control !ethod for s.nchronous reluctance !otors in which an on-line para!eter identification !ethod is used which ta=es account of !agnetic saturation" *ince !otor para!eters, especiall. inductance para!eters, ar. widel. in s.nchronous reluctance !otors, it is i!portant that para!eter ariation 0e grasped in order to ensure precise sensorless control" &t is, howe er, er. co!plicated and difficult to !easure these para!eters in all dri ing areas" %herefore, we propose an on-line para!eter identification !ethod which does not need prior para!eter !easure!ents" ?sing identified !otor para!eters, rotor position and elocit. are esti!ated 0. a proposed esti!ation s.ste! 0ased on an '6tended '-D !odel" *ensorless control which adapts to para!eter ariations can 0e reali7ed 0. a co!0ination of para!eter identification and position esti!ation" [223] )" &de, D" *chaf!eister, N" Drohle=e, and M" Frotstollen, "'nhanced control sche!e for three-phase;threele el rectifiers at partial load," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 203" ( pro!inent 0oost-t.pe three-le el topolog., which pro ed to represent a cost effecti e and highl. efficient solution for switched !ode rectifiers is inspected towards its operation at discontinuous conduction !ode K>C-L" %his !ode of operation occurs not onl. at high input oltage in conIunction with low load currents 0ut e en at !ediu! loading in the icinit. of !ains oltage 7ero crossings" (nd since the re,uire!ents on %M> conflict with the actual 0eha ior of the circuit when operated at >C- !easures are needed for opti!i7ation" ( detailed anal.sis of >C- and associated states is perfor!ed" Gasic rules for the location of error oltages can 0e found" %his leads to a no el !easure to opti!i7e the !odulation and control sche!e respecti el., facilitating designs without additional inductance" *elected si!ulation and !easure!ent results pro e the enhanced !odulation sche!e" [22#] %" &de and %" 5o=o.a!a, "( stud. of dead0eat control for three phase pw! in erter using fpga 0ased hardware controller," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 50" ( new !ethod for the real-ti!e digital feed0ac= control for three phase )1- in erter is proposed, in which reali7es a dead0eat control using D)F( 0ased hardware controller" &n recent .ears, large-scale and high-speed D)F(s !a=e it possi0le to reali7e co!plicated control calculation with er. high speed e6ecution ti!e" Calculation ti!e for D)F( depends on the circuit design, especiall. how to construct the parallel processing circuit in the chip" -oreo er, the latest D)F( contain e!0edded A(-, C)? core, >*) 0loc=, and it is possi0le to design a high-speed calculation circuit si!pl." ?p to now, the digital feed0ac= in erter control constructed 0. the software controller using >*)" >*) software is treated as a se,uential process, so so!e calculation ti!e is necessar." *ince the finite ti!e is re,uired for the control calculation after !easuring signals, it is i!possi0le to reali7e the control law which use the =Es sa!pling data to the =Es control output" 4n the other hand, using D)F( 0ased hardware controller, parallel processing can 0e reali7ed" (s the result, D)F( 0ased control s.ste! !a=es it possi0le to reali7e the digital control s.ste! with negligi0le sa!pling dela. and calculation ti!e dela." &n this paper, an instantaneous dead0eat control for three phase )1- in erter using D)F( 0ased hardware controller is proposed" (ll the control calculation 0loc=, (> interface 0loc= and pulse pattern generation 0loc= are i!ple!ented in one D)F( chip" %he characteristics of the proposed control !ethod were erified through si!ulations and e6peri!ents" >esign concept of the e6peri!ental s.ste! is also proposed" [22$] C" &gne. and -" Graun, "( new !atri6 con erter !odulation strateg. !a6i!i7ing the control range," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2#35"

%his paper presents a new !odulation strateg. for !atri6 con erters, which pro ides the !a6i!u! control range including reacti e input power" %he !odulation strateg. 0ases on !odern representations of the switch state in the space ector do!ain" %here, geo!etrical considerations lead to a co!prehensi0le strateg. to eli!inate free aria0les without reducing the intrinsic control range of the switch !atri6" ( co!parison with other !odulation strategies shows, that this control range e6ceeds the control range of all pre iousl. proposed !odulation strategies" ( further ad antage is, that low switching losses are e6pected, 0ecause a !a6i!u! of switches are idle during a !odulation period" [230] >" &les-Jlu!pner and &" Goldea, "Co!parati e opti!i7ation design of an interior per!anent !agnet s.nchronous !otor for an auto!oti e acti e steering s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 32$" %his paper presents the co!parati e opti!i7ation design of an interior per!anent !agnet s.nchronous !otor K&)-*-L for an auto!oti e acti e steering s.ste!" %his application re,uires a high perfor!ance !otor with a high tor,ue ; olu!e K!assL ratio, low inertia, high d.na!ics, good field wea=ening and high te!perature capa0ilit." %he proposed solution is the result of an opti!i7ation design process, which considered the whole range of perfor!ance, technolog. and costs aspects" %wo different design approaches are presented: a classical Ke6perience-0asedL design !ethod and an opti!i7ation design !ethod using three different opti!i7ation algorith!s KMoo=e-Cee es, genetic algorith!s, and grid-searchL" %he e aluation of the fitness function for the !ultio0Iecti e opti!i7ation was perfor!ed using an anal.tical !odel with e!0edded finite ele!ent KD'L correction factors" %he solutions of the two design !ethods are co!pared" >esign details and e6peri!ental results for a protot.pe are also presented" [231] A" &n7un7a and M" (=agi, "( 2"2-= transfor!erless shunt h.0rid acti e filter for installation on a power distri0ution s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4230" %his paper presents a full.-digital-controlled shunt h.0rid filter for da!ping of har!onic propagation in power distri0ution s.ste!s" %he har!onic propagation is caused 0. resonance 0etween line inductances and power capacitors installed for power factor correction" ( possi0le solution to da!ping out har!onic propagation is 0ased on installation of a shunt pure acti e filter at the end of a feeder" %his paper proposes a shunt h.0rid acti e filter characteri7ed 0. series connection of a 3th-tuned 8C filter per phase and a s!all-rated three-phase acti e filter" 8i=e the pure filter, the h.0rid filter is connected to the end 0us of a feeder" %he capacitor of the 8C filter i!poses a high i!pedance to the funda!ental fre,uenc., so that the funda!ental oltage appears across the capacitor" %his uni,ue feature allows us to directl. connect the h.0rid filter to the 2"2-=+ power line without step-down transfor!ers" Durther!ore, the capacitor used in this h.0rid filter is lighter, cheaper and s!aller than the transfor!er used in the pure filter" %heoretical anal.sis, along with e6peri!ental results o0tained fro! a 200-+, 20-=1 la0orator. s.ste!, erifies the ia0ilit. and effecti eness of the proposed h.0rid filter" [232] C"-&" &toh, &" *ato, (" 4da=a, M" 4hguchi, M" Jodatchi, and N" 'guchi, "( no el approach to practical !atri6 con erter !otor dri e s.ste! with re erse 0loc=ing ig0t," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 23#0" %his paper proposes a no el control strateg. and a protection circuit, and also shows the ad antage of utili7ing Knewl. de elopedL re erse 0loc=ing &FG% KAG-&FG%L, to sol e se eral practical pro0le!s of the !atri6 con erter" %he proposed control strateg. is 0ased on a irtual indirect control !ethod with a irtual rectifier and a irtual in erter" )1- pulses for the !atri6 con erter are o0tained 0. co!0ining )1- pulses for the irtual rectifier and in erter" (s a result, the input current and the output oltage can 0e controlled independentl." %he ad antage of those !ethods is confir!ed 0. e6peri!ental results with a 3501 induction !otor dri e s.ste!" Food sinusoidal wa efor!s are o0tained for the input and output currents, and the %"M">" of the input and output current are 5"1H and 1"4H, respecti el." %he conduction loss of the AG-&FG% is decreased to a0out 2;3 of the con entional (C switch with series connection diode" %hus, the con erter is a0out a half to the con entional )1- rectifier-in erter s.ste! with the sa!e capacit." Durther!ore, the protection pro0le! is sol ed 0. a d.na!ic cla!p !ethod without

an electrol.tic capacitor" %his protection circuit directl. dissipates reacti e load energ. 0. d.na!ic cla!p operation of an &FG%" [233] M" M" C" &u, +" )Ie alica, and G" Ao0ert, "&!ple!entation of a si!ple rotating !aster control sche!e for parallel con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 14$4" Aotating !aster-sla e current progra!!ing !ethod KA-*C)-L is =nown in theor. for long ti!e" (d antage of the rotating !aster !ethod is a 0etter s.ste! relia0ilit., co!paring to the dedicated !aster !ethod" Mowe er, practical i!ple!entation of this !ethod can 0e er. co!plicated due to a large nu!0er of signals to 0e swapped during control rotation" %his paper presents a practical sche!e for e6tre!el. si!ple i!ple!entation of rotating !aster-sla e current progra!!ing !ethod KA-*C)-L" [234] F" &wans=i and 1" Joc7ara, "*ensorless stand alone aria0le speed s.ste! for distri0uted generation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1$15" %he following paper presents a aria0le speed stand alone power generating s.ste!" %he s.ste! consists of a dou0le fed induction !achine and power electronic con erter connected to the rotor" ( topolog. and a control s.ste! allow for stand alone operation" (n e6ternal power source was used for preli!inar. e6citation" (fter that, the s.ste! can operate autono!ousl. and ta=e e6citation power fro! the stator" %he control s.ste! is 0ased on stator oltage space ector referred to rotating fra!e" %he speed of the rotating fra!e responds to stator fre,uenc." %he s.ste! is controlled 0. rotor current which a!plitude is adIusted 0. controller of the stator oltage co!ponent related to 6 a6es, whereas the rotor current fre,uenc. is controlled 0. stator oltage co!ponent related to . a6es" &n this wa. the stator output oltage fre,uenc. is speed independent and the control s.ste! operates without an. !echanical sensor" Dor design a si!ulation progra! )*&- with >88 files is applied" %he results of controllers calculation in a wide speed range are presented" ( la0orator. s.ste! was 0uilt and tested" (s a controller a >*) *M(AC [trade!ar=] s.ste! with support (8%'A( [trade!ar=] ; D)F( is used" %he results of la0orator. tests present the generating s.ste! in transients when a step load is applied" [235] C" G" Caco0ina, -" G" >" A" Correa, C" A" >a *il a, %" -" 4li eira, &" *" Dreitas, and '" A" C" >a *il a, "Aeduced switch count !ultiple phase ac !otor dri e s.ste!s without 0oost inductor filter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 33$0" %his paper presents two reduced switch count (C !otor dri es" %he configurations were concei ed to operate without the use of the 0oost inductor filter" %he configurations use a si6-phase induction !achine or a four-phase induction !achine" %he dri e s.ste!s pro ide 0oth 0idirectional power flow and power factor control" %he paper presents the operating principles and control strategies of the topologies" '6peri!ental and si!ulation results are presented" [232] C" G" Caco0ina, &" *" Dreitas, %" -" 4li eira, '" A" C" >a *il a, and (" -" N" 8i!a, "Dault tolerant control of fi e-phase ac !otor dri e," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 34#2" %his paper in estigates the oltage and current control of a fi e-phase induction !otor dri e under fault conditions" %he control strategies allow for continuous and distur0ance free-operation of the dri e without an. additional hardware connections at the occurrence of co!plete loss of one or two legs of the in erter or !otor phases" %he control presented here is oriented to open loop tor,ue control strategies Ke"g", +olts;M7 controlL, 0ut can 0e er. useful for >irect %or,ue Control or e en Dield 4riented Control strategies" ( co!plete anal.sis of oltage and current controls are presented" '6peri!ental and si!ulation results de!onstrate the alidit. of the proposed s.ste!s" [233] C" G" Caco0ina, A" *" -iranda, -" G" A" >e Correa, and (" -" N" 8i!a, ">istur0ance-free operation of a si6-phase ac !otor dri e s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" $25"

%his paper in estigates the oltage and current control of a si6-phase induction !otor dri e under fault conditions" %he control strategies allow for continuous and distur0ance free-operation of the dri e without additional hardware connections with co!plete loss of one, two or three legs of the in erter or !otor phases" %he controls presented here is designed for open loop tor,ue control strategies Kli=e +olts;M7 controlL, 0ut can 0e er. useful for >irect %or,ue Control or e en Dield 4riented Control strategies" ( co!plete anal.sis of oltage and current controls are presented" '6peri!ental and si!ulations results de!onstrate the alidit. of the proposed s.ste!s" [23#] C" Caco0s, (" ( er0erg, and A" >e >onc=er, "( no el three-phase dc;dc con erter for high-power applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1#21" %his paper proposes a new three-phase series resonant con erter" %he principle wor=ing of the con erter is descri0ed anal.ticall. in detail for switching fre,uencies e,ual to the resonant fre,uenc. and for switching fre,uencies greater than the resonant fre,uenc." (dditionall., detailed si!ulations are perfor!ed to anal.se the con erter" Gased on the anal.sis, design criteria for a 5 =1 0read0oard are deri ed" %he 5 =1 0read0oard ersion of the con erter has 0een 0uilt to alidate the anal.tical in estigations and si!ulations e6peri!entall." -oreo er, the 0read0oard is used to in estigate the B+* and BC* possi0ilities of the topolog. and the influence of the deadti!e and the switching fre,uenc. on the o erall efficienc." [23$] *"-C" Cang, %"-1" 8ee, 1"-C" 8ee, and C"-5" 1on, "Gi-directional dc-dc con erter for fuel cell generation s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4322" Duel Cell KDCL has slow response characteristic for load ariation" &n this paper, 0i-directional dc-dc con erter for DC generation s.ste! is proposed to i!pro e load response characteristic" %he 0idirectional con erter interfaces the low oltage 0atter. to the in erter dc lin= of DC generation s.ste!" 1hen power flows fro! the low oltage side K0atter.: 4#+L to the high oltage side Kdc lin=: 3#0+L, the circuit wor=s in discharge operation K0oost !odeL to power the high oltage side load/ otherwise, it wor=s in charge operation K0uc= !odeL to charge the low oltage side 0atter." ( si!ple oltage cla!p 0ranch is used to li!it transient oltage across the current-fed full 0ridge and reali7e 7ero- oltage-switching KB+*L during discharge operation" ( soft switched, isolated 0i-directional dc-dc con erter has 0een de eloped for DC generation s.ste!, in which the 4#+ 0atter. for the s.ste! accessor. loads is also used to start up the DCs and to charge the energ. consu!ed on operating of DC generation s.ste!" [2#0] A" Ca.a0alan, G" Dahi!i, (" Joenig, and *" )e=are=, "(pplications of power electronics-0ased s.ste!s in ehicular technolog.: *tate-of-the-art and future trends," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1##3" )ower electronics-0ased s.ste!s and co!ponents ha e 0een increasingl. used in land, air, and sea ehicles o er the past decade" %his has turned the ehicular products into a pri!ar. !ar=et for power electronics applications" -oreo er, the e6isting trend in !ore electrification of the ehicles represents an e en 0igger potential for an increase in the e6isting de!and" (lthough the pri!ar. incenti e for introduction of !ulti-con erter s.ste!s into ehicular technologies was to enhance fuel econo!. and en iron!ental issues associated with ehicles/ toda., i!pro e!ent of fault tolerance, cost, and co!pactness ha e 0oost the !oti ation for de elop!ent of the !ore electric ehicles" %he use of nu!erous con erters has an i!pending i!pact on the o erall s.ste!" %he !ulti-con erter s.ste! is highl. prone to interaction within and 0etween su0s.ste!s, aried source and load profiles, reduced power ,ualit., degraded static and d.na!ic 0eha ior of the s.ste!, and in so!e cases effect s.ste! sta0ilit." %raditionall., con erters ha e 0een designed and anal.7ed on standalone 0asis using conser ati e approaches" Mowe er, in the conte6t of !ulti-con erter s.ste!s such approaches can lead to de astating conse,uences in ter!s of irrepara0le collapse of the entire s.ste!" %hus, it is ine ita0le to set new approaches that address issues of s.ste! d.na!ic and large signal pertur0ations" '6isting wor= to address these issues is re iewed in this paper" &n addition, a test0ed is presented to pro ide a resource for the co!!unit. to test design scenarios"

[2#1]

F"-5" Ceong, "*peed-sensorless induction !otor control s.ste! using a rotor speed co!pensation with the rotor flu6 error," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 13$#" %his paper proposes a speed-sensorless induction !otor control s.ste! using a rotor speed co!pensation with the rotor flu6 error" %he rotor flu6 is indirectl. esti!ated 0. the rotor flu6 o0ser er using the reduced-di!ensional state esti!ator techni,ue instead of directl. !easuring the rotor flu6" %he esti!ated rotor speed is o0tained directl. fro! the electrical fre,uenc., the slip fre,uenc., and the rotor speed co!pensation with the esti!ated ,-a6is rotor flu6" %o precisel. esti!ate the rotor flu6, the actual alue of the stator resistance, whose actual ariation is reflected, is deri ed" (n i!ple!entation of )1pulses using the effecti e space ector !odulation K*+-L is 0riefl. !entioned" Dor fast calculation and i!pro ed perfor!ance of the proposed algorith!, all control functions are i!ple!ented in software using a digital signal processor K>*)L with its en iron!ental circuits" &t is shown through e6peri!ental results that the proposed s.ste! gi es good perfor!ance for the speed-sensorless induction !otor control"

[2#2]

5" Ciang, C" Bhou, D" C" 8ee, M" 'riguchi, and -" 4=awa, "( high-power-densit. electronic 0allast for lowpower hid la!ps," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #00" ( two-stage structure co!prised of a regulated single-stage power factor correction K*9sup:29;sup:)DCL (C;>C front end and an unregulated low-fre,uenc. >C;(C in erter is selected as a high-power-densit. solution for the low-power high-intensit.-discharge KM&>L la!p 0allast" (n *9sup:29;sup:)DC (C;>C con erter is proposed as the front end in order to achie e a unit. power factor, low total har!onic distortion K%M>L, low 0ul= capacitor oltage, and constant output power control" ( protot.pe is de eloped with an input power factor of 0"$$2 and an input-current %M> of #"033H at no!inal K120+acL input" %he total efficienc. at 120+ac is #4"2H" %he power densit. of the entire 0allast is a0out 4"2#++;inch9sup:39;sup:, which is twice the densit. of co!!ercial products"

[2#3]

B" Ciang, 8" Fao, and A" (" >ougal, "-ultio0Iecti e control of power con erter in acti e h.0rid fuel cell;0atter. power sources," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3#04" M.0rid power sources co!posed of fuel cells and secondar. 0atteries would co!0ine the high energ. densit. of fuel cells with the high power densit. of 0atteries" ( >C;>C power con erter could 0e placed 0etween the fuel cell and the 0atter. to 0alance the power flow, which would aug!ent the pea= output power greatl." %his paper presents a no el !ulti-o0Iecti e control strateg. for the power con erter in the h.0rid power source" %he control strateg. is a0le to regulate the output current of the fuel cell and the charging current or oltage of the 0atter. while li!iting the discharging current of the 0atter." &t can 0e used for two different configurations without an. change" %he control strateg. is i!ple!ented in -(%8(G;*i!ulin= and tested 0. si!ulation and e6peri!ents" %he results show that the !ulti-o0Iecti e control strateg. is a0le to select the regulation !ode correctl. and that the fuel cell current, the 0atter. current and the 0atter. oltage are regulated appropriatel." '6peri!ent results de!onstrate the great fle6i0ilit. and generalit. of the control strateg." *i!ulation and e6peri!ent results also show that power con erter can 0e appropriatel. regulated to !eet the !ultiple o0Iecti es re,uired 0. h.0rid power sources"

[2#4]

B" Ciang, A" 8eonard, A" >ougal, M" Digueroa, and (" -onti, ")rocessor-in-the-loop si!ulation, real-ti!e hardware-in-the-loop testing, and hardware alidation of a digitall.-controlled, fuel-cell powered 0atter.charging station," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2251" %he fuel-cell powered 0atter.-charging station pro ides an appealing solution to charging !an. 0atteries in re!ote !issions" Dinal construction of such a co!ple6 s.ste! !a. 0e costl. while traditional si!ulation is often insufficient to e6actl. capture the control d.na!ics" 4ne wa. to 0ridge the gap 0etween si!ulation and final s.ste! construction are processor-in-the-loop K)&8L and real-ti!e hardware-in-the-loop KA%-M&8L si!ulations" %his solution increases the realis! of the si!ulation and

pro ides access to hardware features that are currentl. not a aila0le in the software-onl. si!ulation" %his paper presents approaches and results of )&8 and real-ti!e M&8 si!ulations as well as hardware alidation of e!0edded control i!ple!entation of the fuel-cell powered 0atter.-charging station" %he control algorith! is descri0ed and the e!0edded control i!ple!entation is proposed" %he control algorith! i!ple!ented on a dedicated !icrocontroller is first tested together with the plant !odel 0uilt in the +%G en iron!ent through )&8 si!ulation, then tested using the sa!e plant !odel on an A%-M&8 si!ulation KA%+%GL, and finall. alidated on the actual hardware" Aesults of )&8, A%-M&8, and hardware alidation are gi en" [2#5] 8" Ciao, F" Coos, C" (00e., D" Bhou, and G"-%" 4oi, "-ulti-ter!inal dc K!tdcL s.ste! for wind far!s powered 0. dou0l.-fed induction generators KdfigsL," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1413" 4f the en iron!entall. friendl., renewa0le energ. sources of the future, wind tur0ines are, cost-wise, a!ongst the !ost co!petiti e" >ou0l.-Ded &nduction Fenerators K>D&FsL are ideal for wind tur0ines 0ecause 0oth their real and reacti e powers can 0e controlled on the rotor side using 0ac=-to-0ac= con erters at slip KreducedL -+( ratings" %his paper shows that there can 0e a further reduction in co!ponent count and total -+( 0. organi7ing the 0ac=-to-0ac= con erters in a !ulti-ter!inal >C K-%>CL s.ste!" &n the -%>C s.ste!, the !an. ac grid-side +*Cs Kand transfor!ers needed for oltage !atchingL are !erged into a single or a few +*CKsL" %he -+( of the large +*C is s!aller than the su! of the -+(s of +*Cs ser ing indi idual >D&Fs 0ecause the wind power is ne er e enl. distri0uted across the wind far!" *i!ulations show that opti!al capture of wind power and ac oltage regulation are achie a0le under -%>C control" [2#2] C" D" Cin and %" Nino!i.a, "*ingle-stage power-factor-correction con erter using tapped inductor," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1520" %his paper proposes a single-stage )DC con erter using a tapped inductor" %his con erter operates in the continuous-conduction !ode KCC-L, ta=ing the ad antage of decreasing the high-fre,uenc. current ripple and reducing the si7e of an '-& input filter" Durther!ore, using the lea=age inductance in the tapped inductor, the line-current distortion is suppressed and the nu!0er of co!ponents can 0e also reduced" %he effect of so!e circuit para!eters on the line-current har!onics and the oltage across the energ.-storage electrol.tic capacitor are e6a!ined" &n our e6peri!ent, the line current co!plies with the international regulations of &'C21000-3-2 Class >" (lso, a high efficienc. of #3H is o0tained for the output of 15+;2(" [2#3] J" Cin and O" Auan, "Bero- oltage-switching !ulti-resonant three-le el con erters," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 40#2" %his paper proposes a new fa!il. of 7ero- oltage-switching !ulti-resonant three-le el con erters KB+*--A-%8CsL, which is deri ed 0. introducing a 8CC !ulti-resonant networ= to the 0asic three-le el con erters" %he uni,ue arrange!ent of a !ulti-resonant networ= results in a0sorption of all !aIor parasitic co!ponents in the resonant circuit, including switch output capacitor, diode Iunction capacitor and transfor!er lea=age inductor" Co!pared with the traditional !ulti-resonant con erters K-ACsL, which is a two-le el con erter, the proposed con erters achie e B+* in a wider load range, reduce the oltage stress on the switches and diodes, and the filter can 0e reduced significantl." Guc= B+*-A-%8C is ta=en as the e6a!ple to illustrate the operation principle, characteristics and the ad antages o er the Guc= B+*--AC" ( 1=1 protot.pe con erter is 0uilt in our la0 to erif. the theoretical anal.sis" [2##] J" Cin, O" Auan, and D" 8iu, "(n i!pro ed 7 s pw! three-le el con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4$5" %his paper proposes an i!pro ed 7ero- oltage-switching pulse-width- !odulation three-le el con erter KB+* )1- %8CL, which is i!pro ed fro! the original B+* )1- %8C Iust 0. e6changing the position of the resonant inductor and the transfor!er, such that the transfor!er is connected with the

lagging switches" %he i!pro ed con erter has se eral ad antages o er the original one, e"g", the cla!ping diodes conduct onl. once in a switching period, and the resonant inductor current is s!aller in 7ero state, leading to a higher efficienc. and reduced dut. c.cle loss" ( 0loc=ing capacitor is usuall. introduced to the pri!ar. side to pre ent the transfor!er fro! saturating, this paper anal.7es the effects of the 0loc=ing capacitor in different positions, and a 0est sche!e is deter!ined" ( 2"5=1 protot.pe con erter erifies the effecti eness of the i!pro ed con erter and the 0est sche!e for the 0loc=ing capacitor" [2#$] -" Cin and -" 1ei!ing, "( new techni,ue for !odeling and anal.sis of !i6ed-!ode conducted e!i noise," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1034" %his paper presents a new techni,ue for !odeling and anal.sis of the -i6ed--ode K--L '-& noise" %he anal.tical -- noise !odel is first in estigated to get a full understanding of the '-& !echanis!" &t is shown that with the suita0le and Iustified !odel, !an. practical Dilters pertinent to -noise are in estigated, and the noise attenuation can also 0e deri ed theoreticall." %he anal.sis and results proposed here can pro ide a guideline for future effecti eness of filtering sche!es in switch-!ode power supplies" [2$0] G" %" Cohnson, "%he i!pact of ic technolog. on the power processing industr.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #23" %he re,uire!ents and the clues pro ided 0. the &ntegrated Circuits K&CL technolog. to the power process industr. was discussed" %he er. high cell densities for -4*D'%* and the presence of copper !etalli7ation are two e6a!ples of technolog. created to help the &C industr." %he !easure!ent of -ooreEs law has changed fro! co!ponent count, to transistor count, to now where it is 1;2 pitch or !ini!u! line width plus spacing di ided 0. 2" &t is o0ser ed that the technolog. dri ers for -ooreEs law are lower defect densit., i!pro ed processes, and continued feature si7e reduction" [2$1] C" -" Cohnson, "Co!parison of silicon and silicon car0ide se!iconductors for a 10 = switching application," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 532" ( si!ulation-0ased stud. is presented which co!pares *ilicon K*iL and *ilicon Car0ide K*iCL 0ased solutions for a 10 =+ switch, operating at fre,uencies of 0etween 200 M7 and 2=M7 in a hardswitched con erter" *i!plified de ice !odels, 0ased on the a!0ipolar diffusion e,uation, are de eloped which allow co!parison of p-i-n diodes and arious &FG% structures in 0oth *i and *iC" 4pti!ised de ice para!eters are deter!ined which !a6i!ise the current carr.ing capa0ilit., su0Iect to ther!al dissipation li!its, under specified switching conditions" ( range of single switch and series switch co!0inations are e6a!ined and co!parisons of electrical perfor!ance, cost and relia0ilit. !ade" %he results show that the total losses for a 10 =+ *iC switch and diode are Iust 13H of those of the e,ui alent *i de ices" Durther!ore, the *iC solution is shown to 0e cheaper, e en after allowing for higher per-unit area de ice costs" (lthough significant perfor!ance ad antages can 0e o0tained 0. utilising series co!0inations of *i de ices, a single-de ice all-*iC solution displa.s Iust 32H of the total losses of a 4-de ice series-connected *i solution when switched at 2 =M7" ( stud. of interi! solutions, e!plo.ing *i switches and *iC diodes, shows that a series co!0ination of 2, 5 =+ trench-&FG% de ices and *iC p-i-n diodes offers the !ost costeffecti e route to a high-perfor!ance 10 =+, 500 M7 switch" [2$2] -" Cones, '" 8e i, and (" &,0al, "( fi e-phase series-connected two-!otor dri e with current control in the rotating reference fra!e," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 323#" &t has 0een shown recentl. that a nu!0er of !ulti-phase !achines can 0e controlled independentl., with the suppl. co!ing fro! a single !utli-phase in erter, pro ided that the stator windings are connected in series in an appropriate !anner" %he concept has 0een de eloped under the assu!ption that the in erter currents are controlled in the stationar. reference fra!e" %his paper e6a!ines for the first ti!e the possi0ilit. of using the current control in the rotating reference fra!e for decoupled ector control of a !ulti-phase series-connected !ulti-!otor dri e s.ste!" %he considerations of the paper, although

restricted to the series-connected two-!otor fi e-phase dri e s.ste!, can 0e e6tended to an. other nu!0er of phases" &t is shown that, in contrast to the situation that arises when current control is perfor!ed in the stationar. reference fra!e, current control in the rotating reference fra!e re,uires appropriate !odifications of the ector control sche!e" %he need for these !odifications is e6plained using ph.sical reasoning and two !ethods of realising co!pletel. independent ector control of the two !achines are proposed" +erification of the no el control sche!es is pro ided 0. si!ulation" [2$3] (" Corg and >" *chroder, "4pti!ised rating of the co!ponents for car-powertrains," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 122" (t the %echnical ?ni ersit. of -unich a new powertrain is under de elop!ent" %he ai! during the rating of the co!ponents and later on the designing of the operational strateg. is !ainl. to reduce fuel consu!ption" 1ith the control strateg. depending on the rated co!ponents and ice ersa, an offline !ethod for first of all rating the co!ponents according to dri e-c.cles li=e N'>C, 'C' and D%)32 was chosen" %he !ethod uses large-scale nonlinear progra!!ing to !ini!ise the o0Iecti e: o erall fuel consu!ption" (fter a short description of the s.ste!, the !ethod for rating the co!ponents is 0riefl. descri0ed" 8ater on the paper discusses the results for the opti!al rating of the electric dri e and the dou0le la.er capacitor" [2$4] )" Cose and N" -ohan, "( no el 7 s 0i-directional cu= con erter with h infinit. a erage-current control," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 343" %he increase of electrical loads in auto!o0iles o er the last se eral decades has pro!pted the auto!o0ile industr. to consider a higher electrical s.ste! oltage of 42 +" Mowe er, during the short-ter! transition period, the new 42 + and the old 14 + electrical s.ste!s would co-e6ist in auto!o0iles, re,uiring a 0i-directional dc-dc con erter to regulate power flow 0etween the two 0uses" %his paper descri0es the opti!i7ation of a no el B+*-BC* Cu= con erter with 7ero-ripple in input and output currents and the design of a ro0ust M infinit. a erage-current controller" Co!puter si!ulations are used to confir! the design of the con erter and the feed0ac= controller" %he si!ulation results are erified 0. hardware i!ple!entation" [2$5] 8" Cun, >" Ou, and J" 1" '" Cheng, "( no el current source con erter arra. with swapping of !odule control signal," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2#13" ( current source con erter arra. designed for superconducting !agnetic energ. storage s.ste! was in estigated" %his arra. is controlled 0. !odulation-signal phase-shifting *)1- !ethod" %he >C side current of each con erter !odule of the con erter arra. can 0alance auto!aticall. at the unit. power factor, 0ut un0alanced seriousl. with the decrease of input power factor" &n addition, the >C side current un0alancing causes higher distortion of the (C input current" *wapping of the gating signal of each con erter !odule in sa!e row is introduced to a erage the >C side currents" %he har!onics of the (C currents is reduced while the >C side currents are 0alanced" 2<ti!es/2 arra. and 2<ti!es/4 arra. are studied in the e6peri!ents" [2$2] C" 1" Cung, -" >ai, and (" Je.hani, "4pti!al control of three-phase pw! in erter for ups s.ste!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2054" %his paper presents a new digital control strateg. of a three-phase )1- in erter for ?ninterrupti0le )ower *upplies K?)*L s.ste!s" %o achie e a fast transient response, a good oltage regulation, nearl. 7ero stead. state in erter output oltage error, and low total har!onic distortion K%M>L, the proposed control !ethod consists of two discrete-ti!e feed0ac= controllers: a discrete-ti!e opti!al Q sliding-!ode oltage controller in outer loop and a discrete-ti!e opti!al current controller in inner loop" %o pro e the effecti eness of the proposed techni,ue, arious si!ulation results using -atla0;*i!ulin= are shown under 0oth linear and nonlinear loads" [2$3] -" Cussila, -" *alo, and M" %uusa, "&nduction !otor dri e fed 0. a ector !odulated indirect !atri6

con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2#22" %his paper introduces the ector controlled induction !otor dri e, which is supplied 0. a threephase 5 =+( indirect !atri6 con erter K&-CL" %he &-C is !odulated using indirect ector !odulation" %he tested dri e is a 2"2 =1 induction !otor dri e" %he !otor control is perfor!ed in a rotor-flu6-oriented reference fra!e using the current ector control !ethod" %he calculations needed for control and !odulation are perfor!ed using a !icrocontroller" %he dri e is tested in different operating situations including field wea=ening" -easure!ents show 0oth the ad antages and disad antages of the &-C dri e: the currents are sinusoidal 0ut the no!inal operating point of the standard !otor cannot 0e achie ed 0ecause of the li!ited oltage transfer ratio of &-C" %his !a. not 0e considered a draw0ac= when special !otors are used, e"g" with integrated !otor dri es" [2$#] *" Ja0oli, -" A" Bolghadri, >" Ao.e, C" Fuiraud, and C" C" Cre0ier, ">esign and i!ple!entation of a predicti e controller for reducing the tor,ue ripple in direct tor,ue control 0ased induction !otor dri es," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 432" &n >irect %or,ue Control, selection of each oltage ector is 0ased on the !easured para!eters in the 0eginning of the sa!pling period" >ue to the fast d.na!ic of tor,ue, this dela. causes an e6tra tor,ue ripple" &n this paper, a new predicti e controller is proposed for co!pensating this dela. and reducing the tor,ue ripple" %he stator current is !easured two ti!es at the 0eginning of each sa!pling period and its e6pected alue at the end of period is predicted according to an e6trapolation algorith!" %hus, there is no need to !achine para!eters and the algorith! is ,uite ro0ust against !achine para!eters ariations" %he calculation of the electro!agnetic tor,ue is perfor!ed using the predicted alue of stator current" %herefore, the selection of oltage ector is !ore realistic and it pre ents e6tra tor,ue ripple" %his controller is er. suita0le for high power dri es where the sa!pling fre,uenc. is low and there is ade,uate ti!e for the e6tra !easure!ents" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental results confir! the a0ilit. of this !ethod to reduce the tor,ue ripple" [2$$] *" Ja0oli, -" A" Bolghadri, >" Ao.e, C" Fuiraud, and C" 8" *chanen, ">esign and i!ple!entation of a predicti e controller for reducing the tor,ue ripple in direct tor,ue control 0ased high fre,uenc. induction !otor dri es," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 112$" &n >irect %or,ue Control, selection of each oltage ector is 0ased on the !easured para!eters in the 0eginning of the sa!pling period" >ue to the fast d.na!ic of tor,ue, this dela. causes an e6tra tor,ue ripple" &n this paper, a new predicti e controller is proposed for co!pensating this dela. and reducing the tor,ue ripple" %he stator current is !easured in the 0eginning of each sa!pling period and its e6pected alue in the end of period is predicted according to an e6trapolation algorith!" %his algorith! is perfor!ed 0. calculating the slope of stator current ariation according to the stator flu6 ariation" %hus, there is no need to sol e the high order e,uations of !achine" %he calculation of electro!agnetic tor,ue is perfor!ed using the predicted alue of stator current" %herefore, the selection of oltage ector is !ore realistic and it pre ents e6tra tor,ue ripple" %his controller is er. suita0le for high fre,uenc. dri es where the sa!pling fre,uenc. is high and there is no ade,uate ti!e for e6tra co!ple6 calculations" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental results confir! the a0ilit. of this !ethod to reduce the tor,ue ripple" [300] -" -" Jail, +" *taudt, and (" *tei!el, "&!pro ed d.na!ic operation for direct flu6 control of acti e front ends with low switching fre,uenc.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2533" ( three-fold pulse pattern for direct flu6 control of high-power !ultile el acti e front ends K(D'L with low switching fre,uenc. useful for reducing the har!onic content within the con erter ter!inal oltage is introduced" &t is shown that co!pared to a s,uare-wa e pulse pattern the increased switching fre,uenc. cannot ser e to i!pro e the d.na!ic response of the (D'" 1ithin the fra!ewor= of direct flu6 control a general !ethod to increase the d.na!ic 0eha ior of the (D' for a positi e power change is then presented and e6peri!ental results o0tained fro! i!ple!entation on a 200-=1 dou0le three-le el &FG% con erter test 0ench are shown and discussed"

[301]

G" Ja!ins=i, J" 1eIr7anows=i, and 1" Joc7ara, "(n application of psi! si!ulation software for rapid protot.ping of dsp 0ased power electronics control s.ste!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 332" %he paper presents power electronics research opportunities pro ided 0. )*&- si!ulation software and high perfor!ance floating point >*) controller" (d antages of )*&-Es C;CQQ !odeling capa0ilities are shown 0. !odeling of >*) controller runti!e en iron!entKA%'L" %han=s to this feature source code of control algorith! targeted for the >*) can 0e e!0edded in power electronics circuit si!ulation" %herefore, !ore detailed s.ste! description can 0e 0uilt (s a proof of this idea, si!ulation as well as e6peri!ental results of sensorless acti e rectifier control are pro ided"

[302]

J"-5" Jan, *"-M" 1ong, >" J"-1" Cheng, 5"-*" 8ee, and -" M" 8" Chow, "&ntelligent switch in 42 dc power net," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 114$" Aecentl., a 42+ electrical s.ste! has 0een proposed for ehicles" &n the near future, it is e6pected that the 42+ )ower Net s.ste! will 0e widel. used in auto!o0iles" %his paper introduces the de elop!ent of &ntelligent *witches and the design of a high efficienc. ripple carrier trans!itter for 42+ )ower Net s.ste!" (n &ntelligent *witch is a de ice that interconnects the electrical de ices to the power line" G. using power line co!!unication technolog. and the &ntelligent *witches with the proposed carrier trans!itter, different electrical de ices in 42+ auto!o0ile can share the sa!e power source and co!!unicate with each other o er the 0atter. power line" %he &ntelligent *witches can pro ide a nu!0er of intelligent control functions, such as on-off control and detection of de ice failure"

[303]

M" 5" Janaan and J" (l-Maddad, "Ae iew of closed-loop dut.-c.cle-0ased control algorith!s applied to a three-phase current inIection unit.-power-factor rectifier," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 15$4" &n this paper, a co!parati e anal.sis of feed0ac= dut.-c.cle-0ased control laws applied to three-phase current inIection rectifiers is proposed" %he stud. concerns !ainl. the fi6ed-fre,uenc. carrier0ased )ulse-1idth--odulated K)1-L controllers" %he superiorit. of the fi6ed-fre,uenc. controllers o er the h.steresis-0ased ones is 0riefl. e!phasi7ed" %he design and perfor!ance e aluation of the considered control s.ste!s are 0ased on a !athe!atical !odel of the con erter, o0tained 0. appl.ing the state-spacea eraging !odeling techni,ue" %he perfor!ance of the controllers is anal.7ed through nu!erical results" (d antages and draw0ac=s of each proposed control law are discussed, and a co!parati e perfor!ance status in ter!s of input current %otal Mar!onic >istortion K%M>L, >C oltage regulation and d.na!ic characteristics is esta0lished"

[304]

M" 5" Janaan, (" -ar,uis, and J" (l-Maddad, "*!all-signal !odeling and linear control of a dual 0oost power factor correction circuit," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3123" &n this paper, a s!all-signal !odeling of a single-phase (C->C dual 0oost )ower Dactor Correction K)DCL pre-regulator is presented" %he circuit consists of two interlea ed 0oost con erters" ( high rated !ain 0oost, used for current wa e-shaping and energ. control, operates at low fre,uenc./ whereas an au6iliar. 0oost uses a low rated de ice operating at high fre,uenc. and is controlled to co!pensate the low fre,uenc. ripple generated 0. the !ain 0oost" %he control sche!e proposed for the dual )DC is 0ased on a s!all-signal !odel, which is de eloped using the a erage !odeling techni,ue along with the s!all-signal lineari7ation process" %he linear controllers are designed in the fre,uenc. do!ain, and are adIusted in order to ensure high d.na!ic perfor!ance of the )DC" '6peri!ental results 0ased on a la0orator. 1 =1 protot.pe alidate the proposed control approach"

[305]

F"-G" Jang, C"-M" Cung, M"-G" &h!, and M"-F" Ji!, "&nitial rotor angle and para!eter esti!ation sche!e for ip! s.nchronous !otor in h.0rid electric ehicle at standstill," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4002"

&n this paper, an esti!ation !ethod of initial angle as well as !otor para!eters of an interior per!anent !agnetK&)-L s.nchronous !otor is proposed at standstill without an. e6tra hardware" G. using low-pass filtering of the a0solute alues of the alternating currents and oltages, an initial rotor angle is detected 0ased on oltages and currents without an. infor!ation of !otor para!eters" Durther, the !agnetic polarit. of the rotor at its initial position is detected using the effect of salienc." %he inductances 89su0:d9;su0: and 89su0:,9;su0: are also esti!ated fro! the esti!ated rotor angle" %hrough co!puter si!ulation, the effecti eness of the proposed esti!ation !ethod is erified and e6peri!ental results will 0e presented with proposed esti!ation sche!e" [302] C" )" Jarst and J" Moff!ann, "%ransductor 0ased high speed gate dri e," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 100" -odelling and i!ple!entation of a no el high speed gate dri e is presented" %he co!ple!entar. dri e of high side and low side switch is realised using one planar transfor!er onl." Goth switches are isolated fro! the control" 1hile energ. is transfered using e"g" a fl.0ac= con erter switching pulses are superposed using additional windings adopting the ph.sics of transductors" %he 0enefits using a planar printed circuit 0oard K)CGL transfor!er are 0esides its high relia0ilit. and low cost the outstanding isolation capa0ilit. of DA4 !aterial and the ease to integrate the additional pulse windings" %he draw0ac= of )CG transfor!ers de!anding for !an. la.ers to acco!!odate the windings is circu! ented using a local surface !ounted additional )CG" %he dri er is capa0le of sourcing and sin=ing se eral a!peres pea= current at switching fre,uencies in the range of 4M7 less than or e,ual fs less than or e,ual 500=M7 with aria0le dut. c.cle 0 less than or e,ual > less than or e,ual 1" &t is anal.sed and its perfor!ance is pro en using a protot.pe operating a series resonant in erter with &=1 output power" [303] (" *" Jash.ap, )" 8" Aa!a arapu, *" -aganlal, %" A" -cNutt, (" G" 8ostetter, and M" (" -antooth, "-odeling ertical channel Iunction field effect de ices in silicon car0ide," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 300$" %he electrical characteri7ation and !odel de elop!ent for silicon car0ide K*iCL ertical channel *&% and CD'% structures are presented in this wor=" ( co!pact !odel is de eloped 0ased on the de ice geo!etr. and *iC !aterial properties" %he !odel is alidated against !easured data at 25<deg/C and 100<deg/C for a protot.pe 0"03 c!9sup:29;sup: *iC *&% pro ided 0. Northrop Fru!!an" %he !odelEs on-state and transient characteristics are alidated o er this te!perature range" +alidation of the !odel shows e6cellent agree!ent with !easured data" %he ph.sics-0ased approach i!ple!ented in this !odel is crucial to descri0ing the transient 0eha ior o er a wide range of application conditions and te!perature ranges" [30#] %" Jatao=a, 5" Misa, 5" ?chida, and 5" &=eda, "( control strateg. for a upfc-0ased fast oltage co!pensator and its perfor!ance anal.sis," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1513" &n this paper a control strateg. for a ?)DC-0ased oltage co!pensator is proposed which is capa0le of a fast co!pensation of short-duration oltage ariations in a three-phase (C power suppl. line" %he proposed oltage co!pensator produces three-phase co!pensating oltages inIected into the line when the r!s alue of oltage at a specified point on the line 0eco!es s!aller KlargerL than a specified lower KupperL li!it" *i!ulation anal.sis of a oltage co!pensator 0ased on the proposed control strateg. is carried out to show the d.na!ic perfor!ance and effecti eness of the co!pensator" ( !ethod to si!plif. the circuit configuration of the proposed oltage co!pensator is then shown" '6peri!ental in estigations are carried out to Iustif. the si!ulation anal.sis" [30$] %" Jatao=a, N" Jishi!oto, and -" &naga=i, "%ransient perfor!ance anal.sis of a single-phase oltage-t.pe pw! rectifier with acti e filtering function," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3303"

%he )1- rectifier in estigated in this paper operates as a rectifier to suppl. >C power to its own load and at the sa!e ti!e, operates as an acti e power filter to suppl. to the (C line a current to co!pensate the har!onic current due to a nonlinear load connected to the sa!e (C line" &n this paper the transient perfor!ance of a single-phase oltage-t.pe )1- rectifier with acti e filtering function is anal.7ed, 0. si!ulation, for the case when the >C load of the rectifier is changed suddenl." ( !ethod for generation of a !odulation signal is shown which is appropriate 0oth in the stead.-state operation and during transient state of the )1- rectifier" ?sing this !ethod, transient responses of the )1- rectifier in the case of a sudden change in its >C load are clarified" &t is shown that the transient responses !a. 0eco!e oscillator. and ta=e a long ti!e to settle down, depending on the alue of a para!eter of the rectifier circuit" ( !ethod to i!pro e this is shown" '6peri!ental in estigations are carried out to Iustif. the si!ulation anal.sis" [310] 5" Jata.a!a, -" 'do, %" >enta, %" Jawashi!a, and %" Nino!i.a, "4pti!u! design !ethod of c!os ic for dc-dc con erter that integrates power stage !osfets," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 44#2" &n recent .ears, low output power C-4* >C->C con erters that integrate power stage -4*D'%s and a )1- control circuit using C-4* process ha e 0een used in !an. !o0ile de ices" &n this paper, we propose the calculation !ethod of C-4* >C->C con erter efficienc. and report opti!u! design of C-4* >C->C con erter 0ased on this !ethod" G. this !ethod, con erter efficienc. can 0e directl. calculated fro! con erter specifications, di!ensions of power stage -4*D'%s and de ice para!eters" %herefore, this !ethod can 0e used for opti!u! design of C-4* >C->C con erter, such as di!ensions of power stage -4*D'% and switching fre,uenc." [311] C" Jauc7or and N" Drohle=e, "&n erter topologies for ultrasonic pie7oelectric transducers with high !echanical ,-factor," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2332" )ie7oelectric ultrasonic transducers are often used in well =nown applications such as ultrasonic cutting or cleaning processes" ( no el application is the utili7ation of transducers in ultrasonic standing wa e ato!i7ers" Mere, the transducers produce an ultrasonic field resulting in high alternating e6cess pressures, used to disintegrate pol.!er !elts for powder lac,uer" %he power supplies sti!ulating the transducer ha e to pro ide output oltages at ultrasonic fre,uencies and output power le els at se eral =1" Gesides the output filter circuit of an in erter is strongl. influenced, especiall. when dri ing pie7oelectric transducers with a high !echanical ,ualit. factor" &n this contri0ution, two resonant con erter concepts and a pulse width !odulated con erter K)1- con erterL feeding ultrasonic transducers are anal.7ed and co!pared" &n this co!parison focus is laid on: *ensiti it. of the output filter to ar.ing load conditions, potential of !iniaturi7ation and cost sa ings and the fre,uenc. range, in which different transducers can 0e fed 0. the power suppl." %he results are su!!ari7ed in a 0ench!ar= !atri6" Gased on these results, a fle6i0le )1- con erter was de eloped and reali7ed" %his la0orator. power suppl. is part of a rapid protot.pe s.ste! Kd*paceL" -easure!ents are presented in the last part of this contri0ution" [312] 5" Jawa0ata, N" 5ahata, -" Morii, '" 'Iiogu, and %" Jawa0ata, "* g using open-winding transfor!er and two in erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 303$" %he *tatic +ar Co!pensator K*+FL is a practicall. used !ethod for suppl.ing reacti e power to a power s.ste!" &n a t.pical *+F s.ste!, a !ultiple in erter or a )1- K)ulse 1idth -odulationL in erter with high carrier fre,uenc. are usuall. used" Certain draw0ac=s are associated with these !ethods, such as co!ple6 configuration of transfor!er or high switching losses" %o o erco!e these pro0le!s, we propose a new high efficienc. *+F s.ste! using an open-winding transfor!er and two space ector !odulated in erters" %his configuration consists of a 3-le el in erter with switching at once e er. c.cle and a 2-le el in erter of a0out 1=M7 switching fre,uenc., connected respecti el. to the opposite ter!inals of the open-winding transfor!er" 1ith the proposed configuration, good current wa efor!s, high efficienc. and low acoustic noise can 0e o0tained"

[313]

A" Ja7e!7adeh and C" -" Jauff!ann, ")ower flow stud. in connection a generator to a power grid ia a natural co!!utated !atri6 con erter Knc!cL," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2#$4" %his paper deals with principle of a new generation topolog. which is na!ed "(cti e Fenerator" and which wor=s in high speed K#5 M7L" ?sing of this s.ste! in gas power plant a0le to eli!inate the gear0o6 for adaptation of two different fre,uencies and using its ad antages is the !ain idea" Natural co!!utated !atri6 con erter KNC-CL with four phase classic s.nchronous generator considered as an acti e generator is studied when is connected to three phase electrical power grid" *tud. will 0e focused for =nowing its 0eha iour in this connection and acti e, reacti e power transferring in funda!ental fre,uencies 0. ariation of initial rotor position and e6citation in generator" ( si!plified sche!e 0esides the single phase e,ui alent for set of s.ste! in grid side is suggested, so that it per!its to assu!e a linear !odel for set of s.ste! with regarding to initial rotor position and e6citation of generator in stead. state"

[314]

-" Jchi=ach, A" 8ee, M" D" 1einner, 5" Bidani, 5" *" 5uan, and B" -" @ian, "*tud. of the resonance pheno!enon in switching !ode power suppl. Ks!psL," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3012" -ulti resonance is highl. possi0le to appear inside conducti e and radiated fre,uenc. range" %his paper presents si!plified e,ui alent circuit !odel used to stud. the resonance pheno!enon in switching !ode power suppl. K*-)*L" &ndeed, the 'lectro!agnetic &nterference K'-&L caused 0. a resonance is a critical factor, and is a source of the high conducted '-& that ph.sicall. affects the tested (C;>C con erter used for teleco! applications Kto co!pl. with the standard 'N300 3#2 conducted e!ission re,uire!entsL" %he proposed e,ui alent circuit !odel contains essential couplings, parasitic ele!ents, and sources occurred in the co!!on !ode current path" %his series resonance circuit is pri!aril. co!posed of input ca0les/ e,ui alent oltage source and the intentional para!eters of the con erter is e6a!ined theoreticall." '6peri!ental results are presented to confir! the cause"

[315]

(" Je!ps=i, A" *!olens=i, and A" *tr7elec=i, "%he influence of passi e e!i filters on arious aspects of electro!agnetic co!pati0ilit. of asdEs," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" $30" 1ith the recent progress in power electronic de ices e!plo.ed in power con erters an assurance of '-C perfor!ance of (dIusta0le *peed >ri es K(*>L s.ste!s 0eco!es a significant pro0le!" %his paper presents a co!parati e anal.sis of an influence of co!!onl. used passi e '-& filters Kline reactors, C- cho=e, C- transfor!er and sinusoidal filterL on arious aspects of electro!agnetic co!pati0ilit. of (*>Es"

[312]

M" A" Je.hani, -" A" Bolghadri, and (" Mo!aifar, "(n e6tended and i!pro ed discrete space ector !odulation direct tor,ue control for induction !otors," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3414" &n the classical >%C sche!e, due to the li!ited nu!0er of the +*& oltage ectors, large and s!all errors can not 0e distinguished" &n fact, the switching ectors chosen for large errors are the sa!e as those chosen for s!all errors" &n this paper, in order to o erco!e this pro0le!, after considering the pri!ar. ideas of the >*+-->%C techni,ue, a new approach for the reali7ation of the >*+-->%C !ethodolog. of the induction !achine is proposed" %he proposed !ethod, along with its si!plicit., has an i!pro ed perfor!ance in ter!s of the tor,ue and the current ripple and can 0e easil. e6tended" &n addition, it !ini!i7es the stead. state tor,ue error" G. using the proposed >*+-->%C !ethodolog., the si6 non7ero oltage ectors of the standard +*& topolog. are di ided into e,ual fractions and a fraction of these ectors is applied to the !otor depending on the a!ount of the tor,ue error and in accordance with the classical >%C sche!e 0asics" Nu!erical si!ulations and e6peri!ental tests ha e 0een carried out to alidate the proposed techni,ue"

[313]

-" *" Jhoor, -" -ach!ou!, and A" 8e >oeuff, "( new analogical !ethod of oltage pertur0ation

e6traction for series acti e power filters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4233" %his paper presents a new si!ple analogical !ethod of suppl. oltage distur0ances identification and the control of a series acti e filter K*()L for oltage sag, i!0alance and har!onics !itigation" ( )&> controller is proposed to regulate the inIected oltage into the distri0ution s.ste!" %he !odelling and the si!ulation of the unit are realised than=s to the )*G tools of -atla0 - *i!ulin=" *i!ulation results are presented and discussed to show that all pertur0ations li=e as dips, har!onics" can 0e re!o ed fro! networ= oltage and confir! the effecti eness of the proposed series acti e power filter" '6peri!ental results for a la0orator. series acti e filter 0ased on this analogical !ethod are presented to erif. the e6cellent perfor!ance of the proposed identification !ethod and controller" [31#] D" Jhoucha, J" -arouani, J" (liouane, and (" Jheloui, "'6peri!ental perfor!ance anal.sis of adapti e flu6 and speed o0ser ers for direct tor,ue control of sensorless induction !otor dri es," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 223#" 4ne of the !ost i!portant issues in i!ple!enting >irect %or,ue Control K>%CL of sensorless induction !otor dri es is to o0tain accurate infor!ation a0out stator flu6 le el and position for the entire speed range" %his paper presents e6peri!ental perfor!ance anal.sis of an adapti e stator flu6 and speed o0ser er with stator resistance tuning, perfor!ed 0. a >*) controller" %he anal.sis focuses 0oth on transient and static characteristics in association with two >%C strategies: Gasic >%C and >iscrete *pace +ector -odulation >%C K>*+-->%CL" [31$] M" Jifune, %" 5a!aguchi, >" 5oshida, 5" Matana=a, and -" Na=ao=a, "No el load adapti e fre,uenc. trac=ing control sche!e for high fre,uenc. in erter without pll sche!e," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2421" ( 8oad adapti e fre,uenc. trac=ing control sche!e that is na!ed Conduction %i!e Galanced 8oop KC%G8L for the high fre,uenc. in erter is presented without )88 sche!e" ?sing this control !ethod for the gate circuit of the high fre,uenc. in erter that operates in resonant fre,uenc., it is reali7ed to ha e 0oth the power regulation function and the load adapti e trac=ing control function 0. one in erter, though the con entional )88 high fre,uenc. in erter cannot do" %his paper descri0es the principle of the proposed control sche!e with high fre,uenc. in erter operation and the relation 0etween the C%G8 and the power regulation 0. the phase shift !odulation" [320] C"-'" Ji!, *"-J" Man, and F"-1" -oon, "( new high efficienc. and low profile on-0oard dc;dc con erter for digital car audio a!plifier," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2225" ( new high efficienc. and low profile on-0oard >C;>C con erter for digital car audio a!plifier is proposed" %he proposed con erter shows the continuous input current, no >C e6citation current of the transfor!er, the !ini!i7ed electro-!agnetic interference K'-&L, no output inductor, and the low oltage stress of the secondar. rectifier diodes" %he 201 industrial sa!ple of the proposed con erter is i!ple!ented for digital car audio a!plifier and the !easured efficienc. is ##"3H at no!inal input oltage" [321] M" Ji!, C"-M" Ji!, and *"-J" &" *ul, "( design consideration of output filters for d.na!ic oltage restorers," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 422#" %he cutoff fre,uenc. of a 8C output filter for >.na!ic +oltage Aestorers K>+AL li!its the control 0andwidth of a >+A s.ste! and the attenuation factor against the in erter switching ripples" Dor a selected cutoff fre,uenc. of a 8C output filter, infinite nu!0er of 8-C co!0inations is possi0le" (lthough different 8-C co!0ination has different filter characteristics, the filter design on 8-C co!0ination has 0een depended on field e6periences without clear anal.sis" %his paper proposes a design criterion and a design e6a!ple for the 8-C filter co!0ination considering the control characteristics and the si7e of >+As" (n

e6peri!ental >+A s.ste! 0ased on the proposed 8C output filter design !ethodolog. is 0uilt and tested" [322] M" Ji! and A" >" 8oren7, "( irtual translation techni,ue to i!pro e current regulator for salient-pole ac !achines," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4#3" %his paper presents a s.nchronous fra!e current regulator for salient-pole (C !achines which is insensiti e to 0oth para!eters and s.nchronous fre,uencies" %he transfor!ation fro! stationar. to s.nchronous fra!e is =nown to produce a fra!e-dependent cross-coupling ter!, which results in degradation in current response at high speeds and is represented as an as.!!etric pole in the co!ple6 ector for! of such s.ste!s" %he as.!!etric pole close to right half plane KAM)L in the co!ple6 ector sdo!ain cannot 0e perfectl. canceled 0. para!eter-0ased design of )& controllers due to para!eter ariation" Co!ple6 ector design s.nchronous fra!e )& current regulator with a irtuall. translated as.!!etric pole is shown in this paper to reduce the para!eter sensiti it. and to i!pro e distur0ance reIection" %he current regulator with the irtuall. translated pole ha e 0een anal.7ed in co!ple6 ector for! for non-salient-pole (C !achine and in scalar for! for salient-pole (C !achines" &t has 0een shown to .ield co!para0le perfor!ances in 0oth cases" %his paper includes e6peri!ental erification of the perfor!ance of the proposed current regulator for an &)-*-" [323] C" M" Ji!, -" M" A.u, *" *hendere., C" *" Ji!, F" M" Ai!, and F" 5" Ceong, ")ulse power suppl. using an ig0t switch stac= for plas!a source ion i!plantation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #02" ( co!pact pulse power suppl. using an &FG% switch stac= for plas!a source ion i!plantation is proposed in this stud." %he pulse power suppl. is co!posed of a capacitor charging part and high oltage KM;+L pulse generation part" %he M;+ pulse generation part uses si6 switching 0loc= and a step-up pulse transfor!er" 'ach switching 0loc= consists of a diode stac=, an &FG% stac=, and a high oltage capacitor" &t can generate the pulse oltages with the following para!eters: +oltage: up to 20=+, Aising ti!e: 0"5K<!u/s, Dalling ti!e: 2<!u/s, )ulse width: up to 5<!u/s, )ulse repetition rate: 2,000pps %he proposed pulse power suppl. uses onl. se!iconductor switches !ade of &FG%s with onl. two acti e dri ers" Mence, the s.ste! is co!pact, and has long lifeti!e and high" [324] C"-%" Ji!, *"-C" Cang, G"-J" 8ee, *"-*" Ji!, %"-1" 8ee, and C"-5" 1on, "(n acti e cla!ping current-fed half-0ridge con erter for fuel-cell generation s.ste!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 430$" &n this paper, a new acti e cla!ping current-fed half-0ridge con erter has 0een proposed, which is suita0le for fuel cell 0ased power generation s.ste!s" %he proposed con erter has outstanding ad antages o er the con entional dc-dc con erters with respect to high efficienc., high power densit., and high co!ponent utili7ation" &n special, the proposed con erter has predo!inant high 0oosting output oltage and high efficienc. characteristics under the inherentl. se ere low output oltage of the fuel cell through the o erall load conditions" -oreo er, the de eloped con erter has 0een e6peri!entall. tested with the help of a fuel cell si!ulator, which is de eloped 0. *ung=.un=wan ?ni " and can generate the +-& characteristics of )ol.!er 'lectrol.te -e!0rane Duel Cell K)'-DCL, so that the perfor!ance of the proposed con erter could 0e effecti el. e6a!ined and the alidit. of the con erter could 0e erified" [325] -"-G" Ji!, F"-1" -oon, and -"-C" 5oun, "*.nchronous pi decoupling control sche!e for d.na!ic oltage restorer against a oltage sag in the power s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1042" ( new control strateg. for dri ing the d.na!ic oltage restorer K>+AL is proposed" &t is 0ased on the s.nchronous )& decoupling control strateg. which features fast response and low stead. state error" %herefore, the proposed control strateg. shows the faster action against oltage sag and guarantees !ore enough co!pensation for the sagged suppl. oltages" &n addition, since the currents flowing through the ripple filter inductor are used as the supple!entar. control aria0les, it is possi0le to protect the switching power de ice against the surge current in the proposed control strateg." %he e6peri!ental results

i!ple!ented with %-*320C36 >*) control unit are shown to alidate the effecti eness of the proposed control strateg." [322] %" M" Ji!, C" M" )ar=, and G" M" Cho, "*!all-signal !odeling of the tapped-inductor con erter under aria0le fre,uenc. control," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 124#" &n this paper, a s!all-signal a eraged !odel for the tapped-inductorK%&L con erter under aria0le fre,uenc. control, which operates at the critical conduction !odeKCA-L Kthe 0oundar. 0etween continuous conduction !odeKCC-L and discontinuous conduction !odeK>C-LL is presented" Gased on the state-space a eraging approach the state aria0le deri ati es and the constraints that account for aria0le fre,uenc. control lead to full-order s!all-signal !odel" (nd the special 0eha ior of the inductor current in the CA- reduces the order of the 0asic state-space a eraged !odel 0. one" %he full-order !odel and reduced-order !odel predictions are erified with e6peri!ent !easure!ents on a protot.pe %& 0uc= con erter" [323] C" 1" Ji!0all, %" 8" Dlowers, and )" 8" Chap!an, "&ssues with low-input- oltage 0oost con erter design," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2152" %his paper addresses 0oost con erter circuits that are 0uilt for er. low input oltages, i"e" less than 1 +" *uch circuits can 0e useful for single-cell solar and fuel cell power supplies" &!portant issues are ph.sical si7e, high con ersion ratio, efficienc., and startup" *e eral e6peri!ental studies show the i!pact of these issues" ( startup techni,ue is proposed that wor=s for ar0itraril. low input oltages" [32#] %" JIell, ist, *" Norrga, and *" 4stlund, ">esign considerations for a !ediu! fre,uenc. transfor!er in a line side power con ersion s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 304" >esign considerations are presented for a !ediu! fre,uenc. transfor!er in a line side power con ersion s.ste! for electric railwa. traction" %he s.ste! e!plo.s soft co!!utation in order to reduce switching losses and allow for high operating fre,uenc. of the transfor!er" %wo different designs are e aluated/ %he first one is dr. insulated and the second one is li,uid-i!!ersed" Calculations indicate that a 1 -+( transfor!er operating at 4 =M7 could 0e reali7ed with an acti e weight of 0elow 150 =g for 0oth dr. and li,uid-i!!ersed transfor!er concepts" %he transfor!ers are !odeled !agneticall., electricall. and ther!all., and a geo!etric opti!i7ation procedure 0ased on a cost function is applied to achie e an opti!u! design" [32$] (" Jlonne, F" *ch!itt, %" Car elainen, and '" Nipp, "*.ste!atic approach of rapid protot.ping for ec dri es in auto!oti e applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2245" %his paper descri0es the s.ste!atic approach towards rapid protot.ping for the de elop!ent of electronicall. conunutated K'CL dri es in auto!oti e applications" %he ai!s were to reduce de elop!ent ti!e as well as to offer a greater aria0ilit. of possi0le dri e solutions" Dor this purpose offline and online si!ulations are esta0lished for 'C dri es" Dor offline si!ulations an e6tensi e li0rar. of per!anent !agnet s.nchronous !achines has 0een de eloped featuring different electrical topologies and se eral le els of co!ple6it. in 0oth -atla0 and *(G'A" (lso li0raries of power in erters ha e 0een created with ar.ing topologies including the correspondent control 0loc=s" Dor online si!ulations d*)(C' )rotot.ping hardware is used" (s power con erter a new highl. !odular in erter has 0een de eloped co ering a 0road range of 'C dri e applications" %he rapid protot.ping process has successfull. 0een e aluated in practice" %his ena0les the operation of 'C dri es at an earl. proIect stage without de eloping the corresponding electronic control units or handcoding software" Food results ha e 0een achie ed in se eral concurrent proIects where the de elop!ent ti!e could significantl. 0e reduced" [330] C" Jlu!pner and D" Glaa0Ierg, "( new generali7ed two-stage direct power con ersion topolog. to

independentl. suppl. !ultiple ac loads fro! !ultiple power grids with adIusta0le power loading," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2#55" Nor!all., a power con erter has one suppl. port to connect to the power grid and one output port to connect to an (C load that re,uires aria0le oltage and aria0le fre,uenc." Con erter topologies with !ultiple output ports, the so-called !ulti-dri e con erters are also used in order to share the cost of an acti e front-end rectifier" (s the trend on the energ. !ar=et is towards deregulation, new con erter topologies are needed to allow independent producers;consu!ers to connect to !ultiple distri0ution grids in order to !ini!i7e the electricit. price" Ma ing the possi0ilit. to adIust s!oothl. the power drawn fro! different suppliers, which distri0ute electrical energ. at different cost, ,ualit., relia0ilit. will 0eco!e an interesting option" Ma ing a generator a0le to feed si!ultaneousl. fractions of its power into !ultiple uns.nchroni7ed grids Kdifferent oltage, fre,uenc., displace!ent angleL and continuousl. adIust these power fractions will 0eco!e a desired feature" %his paper presents a generali7ed >irect )ower Con erter topolog., which is a0le to connect to !ultiple (C supplies pro iding co!plete decoupling and no circulating power 0etween the input ports and to independentl. control !ultiple (C loads" -ore i!portant, it is possi0le to adIust continuousl. the fraction of output power which is drawn fro! each power suppl. while pro iding sine-wa e in and sine-wa e out operation" *i!ulation results confir! the ia0ilit. of this idea" [331] C" Jlu!pner, -" 8iserre, and D" Glaa0Ierg, "&!pro ed control of an acti e-front-end adIusta0le speed dri e with a s!all dc-lin= capacitor under real grid conditions," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1152" (cti e front-end topologies will 0e widel. used in the future and a!ong the! especiall. the two-le el )1- rectifier, due to the need to i!pro e the ,ualit. of the input currents and the ro0ustness against grid distur0ances of (dIusta0le *peed >ri es K(*>sL" (nother e6pectation is that electrol.tic capacitors will 0e replaced 0. fil! capacitors in order to increase the (*> lifeti!e, 0ut as this has lower energ. densit., the dc-lin= capacitance is e6pected to decrease" &n these circu!stances, operation under un0alanced and distorted suppl. oltage as well as high d.na!ic operation of the (*> !a=es the control tas= !ore challenging" %his paper discusses pro0le!s related to the (*> dc-lin= 0oth in respect to its sta0ilit. Kunder regeneration as well as in the case of constant power a0sor0ed 0. the in erter stageL 0oth also in respect to the dc oltage ripple generated 0. the grid un0alance and !ade !ore se ere due to the s!all dc-lin= storage" %o !itigate the latter pro0le! it is proposed to pre-co!pensate the dc-lin= oltage reference signal considering the real grid oltage" '6peri!ents show that the s.ste! handles successfull. un0alance situation e en with a s!all dc-lin= capacitor" [332] C" Jlu!pner, )" 1heeler, and D" Glaa0Ierg, "Control of a two-stage direct power con erter with a single oltage sensor !ounted in the inter!ediar. circuit," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 23#2" Controlling a con erter re,uires not onl. a powerful processors 0ut also accurate oltage and current sensors and fast and precise analogue-digital con erters, which increase the cost per =1 of the asse!0l., especiall. in the low power range" ( !atri6 con erter re,uires less transducers than a 0ac=-to0ac= +oltage *ource Con erter 0ecause of the inherent direct power transfer which doesnEt re,uire a control loop of the dc-lin= oltage to 0alance the power of the rectifier and the in erter" 4n the other hand, twostage >irect )ower Con erters K>)CL also perfor! direct power con ersion as the !atri6 con erters 0ut in two stages K(C;>C;(CL without using energ. storage in the inter!ediar. circuit" %he. also offer the possi0ilit. to reduce the nu!0er of switches co!pared to the standard single-stage !atri6 con erter" %his paper presents a new !ethod to control a two-stage >)C pro iding sine-wa e in sine-wa e out operation while using a single oltage sensor !ounted in the inter!ediar. lin= 0etween the rectification and the in ersion stages and the infor!ation of the sign of the input line-to-line oltages, which is needed an.wa. for the safe-co!!utation of the rectification stage" [333] J" Jo0a.ashi, M" -atsuo, and 5" *e=ine, "( no el opti!u! operating point trac=er of the solar cell power suppl. s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2143"

1hen the solar arra. is used as an input power source, the opti!u! operating point trac=er is often e!plo.ed to e6ploit !ore effecti el. the solar arra. as an electric power source and to o0tain the !a6i!u! electric power at all ti!es e en when the light intensit. and en iron!ental te!perature of the solar arra. are aried" ?suall., the opti!u! operating point is deter!ined 0. co!puting the electric power fro! the solar arra. power suppl. with a !icroco!puter, >*) and so forth" Mowe er, such a !ethod has the pro0le!s of the co!ple6 control circuit configuration, high cost and low control speed" Dro! this iewpoint, this paper proposes a new opti!u! operating point trac=er of the solar cell power suppl. s.ste!, in which ine6pensi e pn-Iunction diodes are used to generate the reference oltage of the operating point of the solar arra." ?sing the proposed !ethod, the high degree of the solar arra. opti!u! point trac=ing perfor!ance can 0e o0tained, e en when the light intensit. and en iron!ental te!perature of the solar arra. are aried" Durther!ore, the proceeding paper pro ides the operation principle, design-oriented anal.sis and so forth, of the proposed solar cell power suppl. s.ste!" [334] 1" Joc7ara, '" 'rnest, N" (l-Jha.at, A" *eliga, and (" (l-%ha.ie, "*!art and decoupled power electronic generation s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1$02" %he paper presents adIusta0le speed generation s.ste! with a newl. designed and 0uilt a6ial flu6 shaftless and 0earingless per!anent !agnet generator, and power electronic con erter acting as uni ersal ac power source" *peed of the pri!e !o er is adIusted to !eet load de!and 0. real ti!e load !easure!ent and calculation" %hus the power electronics con erter decouples the generator and load and then rotation of the generator is not related to electrical power s.ste! sta0ilit." %hen such a s.ste! has another degree of freedo! related to speed" %he s.ste! is controlled 0. a *hare >*) processor and pro ides high ,ualit. of the output power" Aesults of tests of 40 =+( power s.ste! dri en 0. a >iesel engine are related to stead. state operation and to transients" %he s.ste! can operate with 100H of as.!!etrical phase load with an. changes of output oltage" 4scillogra! of step load operation confir!s a0ilit. to accept 45H sudden change of load without an. oltage distortion" [335] J" Jodani, %" -atsu!oto, *" *aito, J" %a=ao, %" -ogi, %" 5atsuo, and J" (rai, "' aluation of parallel and series connection of silicon car0ide schott=. 0arrier diode Ksic-s0dL," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2$31" *ilicon car0ide schott=. 0arrier diodes K*iC-*G>L ha e recentl. co!e onto the !ar=et, and ha e attracted a great deal of pu0lic attention" Fenerall., high current and high oltage power de ices are achie ed 0. !a=ing the de ice area large and the 0rea=down oltage high" Mowe er, if these para!eters are li!ited Kfor e6a!ple, .ield rate, cost, etcL, high current and high oltage power !odules are reali7ed 0. connecting power de ices in parallel and in series" %he pro0le!s of parallel connection are current sharing and resonance a!ong parallel de ices, and the pro0le! of the series connection is oltage sharing" (s descri0ed in this paper, e en when the characteristics of eight chips connected in parallel ar., if the i!pedances of the parallel circuit are e,ual and s!all, and the ther!al resistances fro! Iunction to a!0ient are e,ual, neither current sharing nor resonance 0eca!e fatal pro0le!s" ' en when the characteristics of two !odules connected in series aries, 0. installing 0alance resistors and 0alance capacitors, oltage sharing can 0e e,uali7ed" Durther!ore, replacing re erse parallel diode of &FG% fro! *ilicon )N Iunction diode K*i-)N>L to *iC-*G> greatl. decreases the in erter loss" %his tendenc. is re!ar=a0le at high carrier fre,uencies and high rated oltages" [332] M" Joi7u!i and J" Juro=awa, "(nal.sis of class de in erter with thinned-out dri ing patterns," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1#2#" %his paper presents a nu!erical anal.sis for Class >' in erter with eli!inated dri ing pulses" %he har!onics, the low fre,uenc. co!ponents, and the power con ersion efficienc. are calculated and shown" Class >' in erter is one of the high-fre,uenc. and high-efficienc. resonant power sources, which has the h.0rid features of Class > and Class ' circuits" %o regulate the output power with =eeping high efficienc., arious !ethods ha e 0een proposed" %hinned-out !ethod is one of the!, which regulates the

output power 0. eli!inating the dri ing pulses" %he principle is ,uite si!ple and is seen suita0le for digital control" Mowe er the har!onics, low fre,uenc. co!ponents, and discontinuous regulation ha e 0een pointed out" (n ai! of this paper is to clarif. the characteristic of Class >' in erter with thinned-out dri ing patterns" ( 0asic circuit is designed for 25 percent of switch 4N dut. ratio at 1 -M7" &n series of 12 c.cles of switching pulses, 1 to 15 c.cles are eli!inated" (ll ariations of the eli!inations are ta=en into consideration" %he arious wa efor!s, oltage and current para!eters, distortions, and efficienc. ha e 0een calculated and clarified" [333] )" Jollensperger, C" +on Gloh, *" *chroder, and A" 1" >e >onc=er, "( gct-dri er opti!i7ed for softswitching high-power in erters with short circuit protection," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 105" %oda. two se!iconductor fa!ilies co!pete in the !ar=et of high-power in erters: the transistor t.pe &FG%s and the th.ristor t.pe K&LFC%" %he ai! of this wor= is to co!0ine the ad antages of the FC% with the fle6i0ilit. of the &FG% 0. de eloping an intelligent FC%-dri er opti!i7ed for softswitching in erters" %his !eans the gate dri e has to pro ide all the functionalities which these topologies de!and and ensure a high relia0ilit." %he result is an eas.-to-use gate dri er that allows the construction of soft-switching !ediu!- oltage in erters with significantl. reduced efforts" [33#] 5" +" Jolo=olo , *" 8" Joschins=., and (" Ma!7aoui, "Co!parati e stud. of the d.na!ics and o erall perfor!ance of 0oost con erter with con entional and fu77. control in application to pfc," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2125" %he co!parati e 0ifurcation anal.sis of the d.na!ics of 0oost con erter with different con entional and fu77. controllers is deri ed in the two-para!eter plane "load s" input oltage"" %he interpretation of the results of this anal.sis and con erter o erall perfor!ance is gi en in application to power factor correction K)DCL" [33$] &" Jondratie , A" >ougal, '" *anti, and F" +eselo , "*.nergetic control for !-parallel connected dc-dc 0uc= con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1#2" ( pro!ising new approach, s.nergetic control theor., 0ased on ideas of self-organi7ation, is used to design control for the general case of ! parallel-connected >C->C 0uc= con erters ser ing resisti e load" ( general nonlinear s.nergetic )& control algorith!s are deri ed using a eraged !odels of the s.ste!" ?sing the general control laws, two particular cases are considered" %he. are two and three parallel-connected >C->C 0uc= con erter s.ste!s" &t is shown that the deri ed controls suppress un!easured piecewise constant distur0ances, nullif. errors of current sharing a!ong parallel connected con erters, and ensure e6ponential as.!ptotic sta0ilit." &t is pointed out that 0. change of control law para!eters it is possi0le to choose 0etween !aster-sla e and de!ocratic s.ste! operation regi!es" -atla0;*i!ulin= si!ulations of the closed loop perfor!ance are perfor!ed and characteristics of s.nergetic control design are discussed" %hus, it is shown that the approach allows designers to deri e anal.tical control laws that ensure e6ponential as.!ptotic sta0ilit. for nonlinear, high di!ensional, and !ulticonnected s.ste!s" [340] &" Jondratie , A" >ougal, '" *anti, and F" +eselo , "*.nergetic control for dc-dc 0uc= con erters with constant power load," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 335#" (n algorith! for design of s.nergetic control is deri ed, using as an e6a!ple a s.ste! containing 0uc= choppers with constant power load [1]" %he closed loop s.ste! 0eha ior is co!pared to that of the sa!e s.ste! controlled 0. feed0ac= lineari7ation control" (s a result, it is shown that s.nergetic control has 0etter d.na!ics and a faster response" %his s.ste! nullifies stead. state error not onl. of output oltage 0ut also in current sharing a!ong parallel con erters" [341] F"-G" Joo and -"-C" 5oun, "( new 7ero oltage switching acti e cla!p fl.0ac= con erter," in PESC

Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 50#" ( new 7ero oltage switching KB+*L acti e cla!p fl.0ac= con erter o er wide load ranges is proposed" (ll switches operate under the B+* condition using an au6iliar. inductor and capacitor, which results in a high fre,uenc. operation" %he operation principles and e6peri!ental results are presented to alidate the proposed circuit" [342] M"-)" Jrug, %" Ju!e, and -" *wa!., "Neutral-point cla!ped three-le el general purpose in erter features, 0enefits and applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 323" %his paper introduces a Neutral-)oint Cla!ped %hree-8e el )1- in erter for general industr. applications in the 400-4#0 olt range" *ince the oltage stress applied to the power de ices of three-le el configuration is half that of the two-le el ersion, this topolog. was traditionall. used for !ediu! oltage dri es 0oth in industrial and traction areas" Gasic 0eha ior of the N)C topolog. 0rings significant ad antages to the low oltage applications as well" 'speciall., the lower oltage steps associated with the switching help in the !itigation of pro0le!s related to surge oltages at the !otor ter!inals, lea=age current, shaft oltage and 0earing current, and so on" %he three-le el N)C in erter newl. introduced for general-purpose application co!0ines sophisticated )1- techni,ue and !odern control laws to .ield high perfor!ance dri e" %he features and 0enefits of this product are presented along with !easured wa efor!s" [343] -" Juchar, )" Grandstetter, and -" Jaduch, "*ensorless induction !otor dri e with neural networ=," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3301" %he de elop!ent and >*) i!ple!entation of (l-0ased speed esti!ator for applications in sensorless ac electrical dri es are descri0ed in the paper" Aotor position and speed sensors are !ostl. re,uired for ector control of induction !otor" Gut there e6ist so!e applications in industr., where these sensors cannot 0e used" &n the situations sensorless control techni,ue should 0e used" &n this paper rotor speed esti!ator are considered, which is 0ased on a feedforward artificial neural networ=" &t is de!onstrated that such esti!ator, in contrast to con entional !odel-0ased approaches, does not depend on a =nowledge of !achine para!eters" &t is further shown that accurate esti!ates can 0e o0tained in situation of ar.ing load without the need for e6plicit load !onitoring" [344] -" Juis!a, %" Car elainen, and )" *il entoinen, "(nal.7ing oltage ripple in aria0le-fre,uenc. dc;dc 0oost con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 10#5" Nu!erous aria0le-fre,uenc. K+DL '-&-reduction sche!es ha e 0een proposed o er the last decades" %he ai! of these +D or spread-spectru! techni,ues is to reduce 0oth the !easura0le and effecti e undesira0le electro!agnetic noise of a switch !ode power suppl." Conducted AD-interference !easure!ents ha e 0een reported in literature" Mowe er, low fre,uenc. output oltage ripple has 0een considered as a !aIor pro0le! in +D >C;>C con erters and the !aIorit. of these papers do not consider this aspect of +D operation" (nal.sis of the output oltage ripple with four different +D techni,ues in si6 different configurations is !ade in this paper, and protot.pe !easure!ents with a 0oost con erter are presented" [345] (" Ju!ar, G" F" Dernandes, and J" ChatterIee, ">tc of open-end winding induction !otor dri e using space ector !odulation with reduced switching fre,uenc.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1214" ( new control strateg. for reducing the switching fre,uenc. of direct tor,ue controlled K>%CL induction !otor with open-end winding configuration is proposed" %wo independent two-le el in erters are feeding 0oth ends of the three-phase stator winding" &n order to achie e the re,uired oltage ector, one of the in erters is cla!ped to a particular oltage ector for a !ini!u! of one sa!pling inter al, while the

other one is controlled using space ector )1- techni,ue" %his arrange!ent applies a 3-le el line oltage wa efor! to the !achine" *ince this configuration is generall. used in high power applications, the effecti e switching fre,uenc. of one of the in erters is reduced" (lso, isolating the input >C source of the in erters can eli!inate the flow of 7ero se,uence current" Mence a significant reduction in si7e and i!pro e!ent in o erall efficienc. is achie ed" *i!ulation studies ha e 0een carried out for the proposed sche!e and results are co!pared with the con entional space ector )1-->%C 0. ta=ing the e,ui alent 2-le el in erter into account" [342] %" Ju!e, -" *wa!., -" *awa!ura, J" 5a!ada, and &" -uro=ita, "( ,uic= transition electronic winding changeo er techni,ue for e6tended speed ranges," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 33#4" &n !an. applications it is often needed to e6tend the constant power range of an induction !otor" &n order to e6tend the constant power range without sacrificing the tor,ue capa0ilit. at higher speeds, the w.e;delta switcho er !ethod was adopted and still re!ains popular in spindle dri es for !achine tools" 4ther techni,ues for e6tending the constant power range include use of !odified !achines with taps that are selected to achie e the desired speed-tor,ue characteristic" (ll techni,ues that e!plo. !echanical contactors ha e li!ited life and are associated with dead ti!e in the range of tens to hundreds of !illiseconds due to !echanical constraints" )ower electronic ersions for the contactors ha e 0een proposed 0ut !ost !ethods are rather co!plicated and in ol e !an. switching de ices" )ole (!plitude -odulation K)(-L and )ole )hase -odulation K))-L ha e also 0een proposed 0ut these techni,ues re,uire additional in erters" %his paper descri0es a no el and si!ple switching techni,ue in ol ing onl. two three-phase diode 0ridges and two &FG% switches to e6tend the constant power range of induction !otors" %he proposed !ethod re,uires a center tap to 0e placed in each phase of the !otor and access to the ends and the center tap !a=ing the !otor a nine-lead !achine" %he proposed !ethod and the circuit used to e6tend the constant power range is descri0ed and supported 0. e6peri!ental results" [343] -"-*" Jwa= and *"-J" *ul, ")artial e6citation !ethod with hall sensors for dual !o ing !agnet linear s.nchronous !otor," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1220" %his paper presents a new partial e6citation !ethod of the !o ing !agnet linear s.nchronous !otor and proposes an i!ple!entation and a control !ethod for dual !o er linear !otor" %he pro0le! of con entional partial e6citation circuit is clarified and a new partial e6citation control !ethod is proposed, in which the place!ent of the hall sensors are changed" Gased on this partial e6citation !ethod, a no el control !ethod for dual !o er !o ing !agnet t.pe linear !otor is proposed" %he alidit. and perfor!ance of the proposed partial e6citation !ethod for the linear !otor is erified 0. e6peri!ental results" %hese e6peri!ental results re eal e6cellent position control capa0ilit. such as less than 10<!u/M position error within 10!sec after position co!!and, while 0oth !o ers are controlled independentl." [34#] *" Jwa=, M" (" %oli.at, and G" Dahi!i, "' aluations of two !ethods to clean utilit. line: )w!- oltage source rectifiers and acti e power filters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 10$5" %wo !ethods to sol e har!onic pollution pro0le!s caused 0. the diode rectifier are possi0le: one replacing the diode rectifier with a )1- rectifier and the other connecting an acti e power filter to the diode rectifier" >espite nu!erous pu0lications for two con erters, the features and e aluations 0etween the! ha e not 0een clearl. e6plained" %his paper, in detail, presents a theoretical anal.sis and a s.ste!atic co!parison of the two con erters, fro! the point of iew of con erter =+( ratings, dc 0us oltage re,uire!ents, switch ratings, and reacti e co!ponent designs" [34$] (" Jwasins=i and )" %" Jrein, "(n integrated approach to pw! through 3-di!ensional isuali7ation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4202" %his paper presents an approach to pulse-width !odulation 0ased on a 3> representation to

facilitate anal.sis and design" %he !odulation process can 0e studied fro! a unified perspecti e" ( !athe!atical and geo!etric fra!ewor= is esta0lished to show that the 0eha ior of a s.ste! follows a traIector. inscri0ed inside a cu0e" %he cu0e corners represent a aila0le switch states" %he 0asic e,uations go erning the pulse width !odulation K)1-L process are deri ed in the proposed three di!ensional space" %he 3> cur e representing a )1- process is used to .ield so!e of its general characteristics" &t is shown how 0asic har!onic 0eha ior can 0e appro6i!ated fro! this 3> traIector." ( few !odulation sche!es are co!pared using this new approach with e!phasis on space ector !odulation" Dinall., this approach is used to design a !odulation sche!e for the o er!odulation range with reduced har!onic distortion" [350] )" 8adou6, C" -" Gla,uiere, *" (l are7, '" Carroll, and )" *treit, "%est 0ench for the characterisation of e6peri!ental low oltage igcts," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2$33" %he paper presents the %est Gench de eloped to characterise e6peri!ental (GG 8ow +oltage &FC%s K3"3=+L and diodes" (nal.tical and co!puter aided tools ha e 0een used for designing the test 0ench co!ponents and erif.ing its operation Khardware choice and control s.ste! e aluationL" %he %est Gench consists of a power con erter appl.ing the opposition !ethod to dri e &FC%s at no!inal conditions in continuous switching operation K>C-lin= oltage 1"5=+, turn-off switching current 2=(L" %his !ethod a oids the use of a !ulti-!egawatt power suppl. to attain the re,uired high power le els K1"5=+ ; 40=1 power suppl.L" %he ai! is to characterise the se!iconductors in real operation Kswitching fre,uenc., cooling s.ste!"L as opposed to the classical !ethods used 0. power se!iconductor !anufacturers to characterise their co!ponents 0. purel. oscillographic !ethods Ksingle and dou0le pulse tests, on-state testsL" %he test 0ench is instru!ented to !a=e the re,uired electrical and ther!al !easure!ents necessar. for the characterisation of se!iconductors and passi e co!ponents of the %est Gench" %est results are presented to show the co!plete characterisation procedure for the se!iconductors" [351] 1" 8aInef, C" -" +inassa, *" (77opardi, 4" Griat, '" 1oirgard, C" Bardini, and C" 8" (ucouturier, "?ltracapacitors !odeling i!pro e!ent using an e6peri!ental characteri7ation 0ased on step and fre,uenc. responses," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 131" %his paper deals with ultracapacitors !odeling that has 0een i!pro ed for high power source purpose such as in h.0rid and electric ehicles applications" (n e6peri!ental !ethod 0ased on the co!0ination of step and fre,uenc. response has 0een i!ple!ented and used in a dedicated test 0ench" Dirst, a critical o er iew of a aila0le ultracapacitors !odels is !ade and a new approach is proposed" %hen, after constant current and i!pedance spectroscop. tests, the e6peri!ental results are presented and discussed" Dinall., the e6ploitation of the tests results leads to the identification of a proposed !odel para!eters" %his electric circuit is alidated 0. co!paring si!ulation to e6peri!ental cur es" [352] N" 8a=sh!inarasa!!a, G" *wa!inathan, and +" Aa!anara.anan, "( unified !odel for the 7 s dc-dc con erters with acti e cla!p," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2441" (cti e cla!p dc-dc con erters are recentl. introduced fa!il. of two switch pulse width !odulated con erters featuring 7ero- oltage switching" %he topological structure of these con erters in relation to their hard-switched )1- con erters is highlighted" 1ith proper designation of the circuit aria0les Kthrow oltage + and the pole current &L, all these con erters are seen to 0e go erned 0. an identical set of e,uations" &n this fra!ewor=, these circuits e6hi0it 2 su0-periods per c.cle with identical current wa efor! in the resonant inductor" 1ith ideali7ed switches, the stead.-state perfor!ance is o0taina0le in an anal.tical for!" %his set of e,uations !a. 0e sol ed through a si!ple spreadsheet progra!!e" %he stead.-state perfor!ance pro ides a design constraint on the nor!ali7ed current" %he con ersion ratio of the con erter is also readil. a aila0le" ( generali7ed e,ui alent circuit e!erges for all these con erters fro! this stead.-state con ersion ratio" &t is interesting to note that this e,ui alent circuit pro ides a d.na!ic !odel as well" %he circuit !odel proposed in this paper ena0les one to use the fa!iliar state space a eraged results of the standard )1- dc-to-dc con erters K0oth stead.-state and d.na!icL for

their B+* acti e cla!p counterparts" [353] A" M" 8asseter and )" )aigi, "-icrogrid: ( conceptual solution," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 42#5" (pplication of indi idual distri0uted generators can cause as !an. pro0le!s as it !a. sol e" ( 0etter wa. to reali7e the e!erging potential of distri0uted generation is to ta=e a s.ste! approach which iews generation and associated loads as a su0s.ste! or a "!icrogrid"" >uring distur0ances, the generation and corresponding loads can separate fro! the distri0ution s.ste! to isolate the !icrogridEs load fro! the distur0ance Kpro iding ?)* ser icesL without har!ing the trans!ission gridEs integrit." %his a0ilit. to island generation and loads together has a potential to pro ide a higher local relia0ilit. than that pro ided 0. the power s.ste! as a whole" &n this !odel it is also critical to 0e a0le to use the waste heat 0. placing the sources near the heat load" %his i!plies that a unit can 0e placed at an. point on the electrical s.ste! as re,uired 0. the location of the heat load" !icrogrid, distri0uted generation, CM), intentional islanding, oltage droop, power s" fre,uenc. droop, in erters" [354] (" 8a7aro, (" Garrado, C" )leite, C" +a7,ue7, and '" 4lias, "New approach of a erage !odelling and control for ac;dc power supplies which operates with aria0le dut. c.cle," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 252" &n power factor correction K)DCL applications, a con entional 0oost-t.pe (C;>C con erter uses a dou0le control loop to shape the input current as well as to regulate output oltage" &n order to reduce the cost, !ost of single - stage approach re!o es one of the control loops" %herefore a single control loop has to tightl. regulate the output oltage and shape input current under er. aria0le conditions K aria0le line oltage, instantaneous and r!s alues, aria0le load powerL" &n order to reduce the effect of the loop features on the input current and on the output oltage, it is er. i!portant to !a=e a tight design of the loop co!pensator, so, accurate !odels are re,uired" %his paper presents a general a eraging !ethod for single-stage con erters and also a no el design procedure of the loop co!pensator is proposed" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental results are pro ided to erif. 0oth the a eraging techni,ue and the control !ethod" [355] >"--" 8ee, %" F" Ma0etler, A" F" Marle., C" Aostron, and %" Jeister, "( oltage sag supporter utili7ing a pw!-switched autotransfor!er," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4244" %his paper descri0es a no el distri0ution-le el oltage control sche!e that can co!pensate oltage sag and swell conditions in three-phase power s.ste!s" Daults occurring in power distri0ution s.ste!s or facilities in plants generall. cause the oltage sag or swell" *ensiti it. to oltage sags and swells aries within different applications" Dor sensiti e loads, e en a oltage sag of short duration can cause serious pro0le!s" Nor!all., a oltage interruption triggers a protection de ice, which causes the shutdown of the entire load" &n order to !itigate power interruptions, this paper proposes a sche!e for oltage sag support 0ased on a pulse width !odulated K)1-L autotransfor!er" %he proposed sche!e is a0le to ,uic=l. recogni7e the oltage sag or swell condition, and it can correct the oltage 0. either 0oosting the input oltage during oltage sag e ents or reducing the oltage during swell e ents" %he =e. ad antage in this oltage 0oost topolog. is that it uses onl. one controlled switch per phase to 0oost the input oltage, there0. resulting in !ini!u! cost per =+(" %he paper presents the new oltage control topolog., as well as the oltage detection !ethod, the snu00er design, and the co!!utation logic for the th.ristor 0.pass switch" '6peri!ents ha e 0een carried out to erif. the alidit. of the proposed sche!e" [352] M"-1" 8ee, %" Ji!, and -" 'hsani, ")erfor!ance i!pro e!ent of the linear 0ldc generator in a deep space e6plorer," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2223" %his paper presents !ethods to i!pro e perfor!ance of the power suppl. s.ste! in a N(*( deep space e6plorer" &n the *tirling engine dri en reciprocating Grushless >C KG8>CL generator, the accurate position infor!ation of the pri!e !o er is i!portant to diagnose the perfor!ance of the engine and pre ent the distortion of the output power" Gecause sensors to detect the position are fragile and

unrelia0le, and con entional sensorless techni,ue has a draw0ac= in the low speed region, a no el sensorless position detection techni,ue for the pri!e !o er has 0een proposed and erified" (nother !aIor issue of the generator for the spacecraft is power densit. !a6i!i7ation" %he !ass of the power s.ste! is i!portant to the !ass of the satellite" %herefore, the co!ponents of the spacecraft should 0e lightweight Con entional rectification !ethods cannot achie e the !a6i!u! power possi0le 0ecause of non-opti!al current wa efor!s" %he opti!al current wa efor! for !a6i!i7ing power densit. and !ini!i7ing !achine si7e and weight in a nonsinusoidal power suppl. s.ste! has 0een deri ed, incorporated in a control s.ste!, and erified 0. si!ulation wor=" [353] C"-J" 8ee, C"-J" *eo=, and >"-C" 8ee, "*ensorless speed control of non-salient per!anent !agnet s.nchronous !otor using rotor position trac=ing pi controller," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4024" %his paper presents a new elocit. esti!ation strateg. of a non-salient per!anent !agnet s.nchronous !otor K)-*-L dri e without high fre,uenc. signal inIection or special )1- pattern" %his approach is 0ased on the d-a6is current regulator output oltage of the dri e s.ste! that has the infor!ation of rotor position error" %he rotor elocit. can 0e esti!ated through a rotor position trac=ing )& controller that controls the position error to 7ero" Dor 7ero and low speed operation, )& gain of rotor position trac=ing controller has a aria0le structure according to the esti!ated rotor elocit." %hen, in 7ero speed, the rotor position and elocit. has a sluggish d.na!ics 0ecause the ar.ing gains are er. low in this region" &n order to 0oost the 0andwidth of )& controller in 7ero speed, a loop reco er. techni,ue is applied to the control s.ste!" %he e6peri!ental results show the satisfactor. operation of the proposed sensorless algorith! under load conditions" [35#] J" 8ee, %" -" Cahns, 1" '" Ger=opec, and %" (" 8ipo, "Closed-for! anal.sis of adIusta0le speed dri e perfor!ance under input oltage un0alance and sag conditions," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 42$" +oltage un0alance or sag conditions generated 0. the line e6citation can cause the input rectifier stage of an adIusta0le-speed dri e K(*>L to enter single-phase rectifier operation" %his degradation of the input power ,ualit. can ha e a significant negati e i!pact on the induction !achine perfor!ance characteristics" %his paper pro ides an appro6i!ate closed-for! anal.sis of the i!pact of line oltage sags and un0alance on the induction !achine phase oltages, currents, and tor,ue pulsations for a generalpurpose (*> consisting of a three-phase diode 0ridge rectifier, dc lin=, and )1- in erter deli ering constant +olts-per-Mert7 e6citation" (ttention is focused on the i!pact of the do!inant 29sup:nd9;sup: har!onic of the line fre,uenc. that appears in the dc lin= oltage during the sag;un0alance conditions, neglecting the i!pact of the other higher-order har!onics" &n addition to the closed-for! anal.tical results that assu!e constant rotor speed, 0oth si!ulation and e6peri!ental results are presented that confir! the =e. anal.tical results, including the do!inance of the 29sup:nd9;sup: har!onic in the resulting tor,ue pulsations" %he anal.tical results can 0e used as a alua0le design tool to rapidl. e aluate the appro6i!ate i!pact of un0alance;sag conditions on (*> !achine perfor!ance" [35$] J" 8ee, F" +en=atara!anan, and %" -" Cahns, ">esign-oriented anal.sis of dc 0us d.na!ics in adIusta0le speed dri es under input oltage un0alance and sag conditions," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1235" ?tilit. power ,ualit. pro0le!s li=e input oltage un0alance and sag conditions se erel. stress diode 0ridge rectifiers used in adIusta0le-speed dri e K(*>L e,uip!ent" %he =e. pheno!enon that causes these pro0le!s is the transition of the rectifier fro! three-phase to single-phase operation" %his is acco!panied 0. increased har!onic currents that shorten the dc-0us capacitor life span" &n addition, the 0us ripple oltage causes undesired har!onic phase currents in +olts-per-Mert7 ac dri es, leading to ele ated !achine heating and the generation of pulsating tor,ue at the second line har!onic Ki"e", 120 M7L" %his paper de elops closed-for! e6pressions that la. a solid foundation to anal.7e and ,uantif. these pheno!ena, !a=ing it !uch easier to in estigate alternati e !itigation strategies" %he paper identifies the 0oundar. conditions that deter!ine the entr. of the rectifier stage into single-phase operation under

un0alanced oltage sag conditions" Closed-for! e,uations for the dc 0us oltage and current are deri ed alid Kor finite line i!pedance, finite 0us capacitance and ar.ing loads" %hese e6pressions !a=e it possi0le to con enientl. conduct para!etric studies of the s.ste! 0eha ior under wide ranges of operating conditions without resorting to ti!e-consu!ing ti!e-do!ain si!ulations" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental tests are used to erif. the accurac. and effecti eness of the anal.sis 0. co!paring =e. predicted power ,ualit. perfor!ance indices Ke"g", input power factor, current crest factor, %M>L to si!ulated and !easured alues using a 5 hp (*> s.ste!" [320] J"-G" 8ee and D" Glaa0Ierg, ")erfor!ance i!pro e!ent of sensorless ector control for induction !otor dri es fed 0. !atri6 con erter using nonlinear !odel and distur0ance o0ser er," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1341" %his paper presents a new sensorless ector control s.ste! for high perfor!ance induction !otor dri es fed 0. a !atri6 con erter with non-linearit. co!pensation and distur0ance o0ser er" %he nonlinear oltage distortion that is caused 0. co!!utation dela. and on-state oltage drop in switching de ice is corrected 0. a new !atri6 con erter !odeling" %he lu!ped distur0ances such as para!eter ariation and load distur0ance of the s.ste! are esti!ated 0. the radial 0asis function networ= KAGDNL" (n adapti e o0ser er is also e!plo.ed to 0ring 0etter responses at the low speed operation" '6peri!ental results are shown to illustrate the perfor!ance of the proposed s.ste!" [321] J"-1" 8ee, >"-J" Ji!, %"->" Ji!, and C"-5" Choi, "Co!!utation tor,ue ripple reduction in a position sensorless 0rushless dc !otor dri e," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 141$" %his paper presents a no el !ethod to reduce co!!utation tor,ue ripple in a position sensorless 0rushless >C KG8>CL !otor dri e" %o co!pensate the co!!utation tor,ue ripple co!pletel., con entional !ethods should =now co!!utation inter al, so that the. need current sensors" Mowe er, the proposed !ethod !easures co!!utation inter al fro! the ter!inal oltage of a 0rushless >C !otor, calculates a )1- dut. ratio using the !easured co!!utation inter al to suppress the co!!utation tor,ue ripple, and applies to the calculated )1- dut. ratio onl. during the ne6t co!!utation" '6peri!ental results erif. that the proposed !ethod i!ple!ented in an air-conditioner co!pressor controller considera0l. reduces not onl. the pulsating currents 0ut also i0rations of a position-sensorless G8>C !otor" [322] *"-*" 8ee, *"-J" Man, and F"-1" -oon, "(nal.sis and design of as.!!etrical 7 s pw! half 0ridge forward con erter with fl.0ac= t.pe transfor!er," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1525" ( new as.!!etrical 7ero- oltage switchingKB+*L pulse width !odulationK)1-L half 0ridge forward con erter with fl.0ac= t.pe transfor!er is proposed" %he B+* operation of proposed con erter can 0e !aintained fro! no load to full load condition since the !agneti7ing current of the transfor!er contri0utes to the B+* operation at the light load without a considera0le conduction loss of the transfor!er and switch" %he s.nchronous rectification is e!plo.ed to reduce the rectification loss" %he operational principle, large signal !odeling, B+* anal.sis, and design e,uations are presented" '6peri!ental results de!onstrate that the proposed con erter can achie e a large B+* range and significant i!pro e!ent in the efficienc. for a 1001K5+, 20(L protot.pe con erter" [323] *" %" *" 8ee, M" *" M" Chung, and *" 5" A" Mui, "%riac di!!a0le electronic 0allast with la!p power e,uali7ation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1354" ( two-stage, two-wire %A&(C di!!a0le electronic 0allast for fluorescent la!ps is presented in this paper" &t is constructed 0. using a fl.0ac= con erter as the input power factor corrector to suppl. a half-0ridge series-resonant parallel-loaded in erter to 0allast the la!p" %he fl.0ac= con erter is operated in discontinuous conduction !ode so that the filtered input current profile is sa!e as the %A&(C-controlled oltage wa efor!" %he switches in the in erter are switched at a constant fre,uenc. slightl. higher than the

resonant fre,uenc. of the resonant tan=" Gased on the constant a erage input current characteristics of the in erter, di!!ing operation is si!pl. achie ed 0. pulse-width-!odulation control of the !agnitude of the fl.0ac= con erter output oltage" No s.nchroni7ation networ= is re,uired 0etween the input and output stages" &n addition, a no el power e,uali7ation sche!e is de eloped so that the dc lin= oltage Kand hence the la!p powerL is in linear relationships with the firing angle of the %A&(C" %he a erage output oltage of the di!!er controls the e,uali7ed fl.0ac= con erter output oltage" -odeling, anal.sis, and design of the 0allast will 0e descri0ed" ( protot.pe has 0een i!ple!ented to erif. the e6peri!ental !easure!ents with the theoretical predictions" [324] *"-5" 8ee, (" F" )fael7er, and C" >" +an 1.=, "%her!al anal.sis for a coupled inductor for 4-channel interlea ed auto!oti e 0i-directional dc;dc con erter 0ased on finite-ele!ent !odeling," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1453" &n this paper, ther!al anal.ses for inductors with integrated structure designed for an auto!oti e 0i-directional >C;>C con erter are perfor!ed" (n interlea ed >C;>C con erter s.ste! with 4channels was chosen for the auto!oti e con erter topolog. with 42+;14+ dual output oltages" %he coupled inductors were designed and used for the 4-channel >C;>C con erter" ( 3-di!ensional ther!al !odel 0ased on finite-ele!ent !odeling KD'-L using &->'(* is presented, and the ther!al 0eha ior of the integrated inductors is si!ulated and anal.7ed" %he anal.7ed ther!al result can help to design inductors considering se ere a!0ient te!perature conditions" [325] %"-1" 8ee, G"-J" 8ee, *"-C" Cang, *"-M" Ji!, and C"-5" 1on, ">e elop!ent of a 3=w fuel cell generation s.ste! with an acti e fuel cell si!ulator: %opolog., control, and design," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4343" &n this paper, a 3=1 Duel Cell Feneration KDCFL s.ste! with an acti e Duel Cell KDCL si!ulator has 0een proposed" %he de eloped DC si!ulator generates the actual oltage and current output characteristics of the )roton '6change -e!0rane Duel Cell K)'-DCL, so that the o erall perfor!ance and the d.na!ics of the proposed s.ste! could 0e effecti el. e6a!ined and tested" &n this paper, at first, the s.ste! configuration and operational principle of the de eloped DC si!ulator has 0een in estigated and the design process of the DCF s.ste! is e6plained in detail" &n addition, the alidit. of the proposed s.ste! has 0een erified 0. the infor!ati e si!ulation and e6peri!ental results" [322] 5"-*" 8ee and F"-%" Chen, "Bcs 0i-directional dc-to-dc con erter application in 0atter. e,uali7ation for electric ehicles," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2322" ( s.ste!atic approach to the anal.sis and design of a soft-switching 0i-directional dc-to-dc con erter for the cell oltage 0alancing control of a 0atter. powered electric ehicle is presented in this paper" %he ,uasi-resonant con erter circuits are designed to achie e the 7ero current switchingKBC*L for reducing the switching loss of 0i-directional con erters" Aesults indicate that the switching loss, switching wa efor! and '-& e!ission can 0e su0stantiall. i!pro ed 0. using the ,uasi-resonant BC* K@ABC*L technolog. in the 0atter. charging s.ste! with a 0atter. e,uali7er" %he alidit. of the 0atter. e,uali7ation is further erified 0. using an e6peri!ental installation of a three-cell lithiu!-ion 0atter. string" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental results show that the proposed 0atter. e,uali7ation sche!e can not onl. achie e the 0idirectional 0atter. e,uali7ation perfor!ance, 0ut also can reduce the switching loss during the e,uali7ation period" [323] 5"-*" 8ee, %"-5" Juo, and 1"-5" 1ang, "Du77. neural networ= genetic approach to design the soc esti!ator for 0atter. powered electric scooter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 235$" %his paper presents a new !ethod for esti!ating the indi idual 0atter. state-of-charge K*4CL of electric scooter K'*L" %he proposed !ethod is to !odel '* 0atteries 0. using the fu77. inference neural networ= s.ste!" ( reduced for! genetic algorith! KAF(L is e!plo.ed to tune control point of the G-spline

!e!0ership functions KG-DsL and the weightings of the fu77. neural networ= KDNNL" %he proposed DNN with AF( KDNNAF(L opti!i7ation approach can achie e the faster learning rate and lower esti!ating error than the con entional gradient descent !ethod" %he alidit. of the *4C esti!ator is further erified 0. a constructed !ultiple input !ultiple output K-&-4L DNN structure for esti!ating the *4Cs of 0atter. powered '*" ( fi6ed elocit. discharging profiles of the '* 0atteries are in estigated to train the DNN for precise esti!ating the *4Cs of the 0atter. strings" Durther!ore, a testing data profile is used to de!onstrate the superior ro0ust and o er-fitting suppressed perfor!ance of the proposed !ethod" %he esti!ated *4Cs are directl. co!pared with the actual *4Cs under different DNN !ethods, erif.ing the accurac. and the effecti eness of the proposed intelligent !odeling !ethod" [32#] F" 8efe re, M" Cha7al, C" )" Derrieu6, and C" Aoudet, "(pplication of dowell !ethod for nanocr.stalline toroid high fre,uenc. transfor!ers," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #$$" %he paper propose an i!pro e calculation of copper-losses for toroid transfor!ers 0ased on the >iwell !ethod" %he theorical predictions calculated fro! this approach are finall. co!pared to e6peri!ental results" [32$] 1" 8ei, D" Bhuo, M" 8i, C" 8iu, and B" 1ang, ">e elop!ent of 100= a acti e filter with digital controlled !ultiple parallel power con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1121" -ulti-!odular approach has 0een used recentl. in so!e power electronics e,uip!ents to achie e large power rating, 0etter relia0ilit., !anufactura0ilit., and !aintaina0ilit." %his paper introduces the de elop!ent of a practical 100=+( acti e filter e!plo.ing this !ulti-con erter approach and ha ing an additional 0enefit of i!pro ing e,ui alent switching fre,uenc." %he control circuit was i!ple!ented with a fle6i0le dual->*) processor digital s.ste! for the acti e filter" %he operation principle, signal detection !ethod, circuit configuration and detailed control !ethod are introducedin the paper" &ndustrial tests showed that the co!pensating perfor!ance is er. good" %he e,uip!ent functions er. well, and the control circuit and the !ulti-con erter approach are alid" [330] (" +" 8eite, A" '" (rauIo, and >" Dreitas, "Dull and reduced order e6tended =al!an filter for speed esti!ation in induction !otor dri es: ( co!parati e stud.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 22$3" %his paper presents a co!parati e stud. 0etween a new approach for ro0ust speed esti!ation in induction !otor sensorless control, using a reduced order '6tended Jal!an Dilter K'JDL, and the one perfor!ed 0. the full order 'JD" %he new 'JD algorith! uses a reduced order state-space !odel that is discreti7ed in a particular and inno ati e wa." &n this case onl. the rotor flu6 co!ponents are esti!ated, 0esides the rotor speed, while the full order 'JD also esti!ates stator current co!ponents" %his new approach strongl. reduces the e6ecution ti!e and si!plifies the tuning of co ariance !atrices" %he perfor!ance of speed esti!ation using 0oth 'JD techni,ues is co!pared with respect to co!putation effort, tuning of the algorith!s, speed range including low speeds, load tor,ue conditions and ro0ustness relati el. to !otor para!eter sensiti it." [331] (" 8el=es and -" Gufe, "Gldc !otor for fan application with auto!aticall. opti!i7ed co!!utation angle," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2233" Grushless de !otors are often used in fan applications due to their eas. speed controlla0ilit., high efficienc. and long life ti!e e6pectation" %hese !otors are electronicall. co!!utated/ the co!!utation point is deter!ined 0. Mall-sensors or sensorless K!ainl. 0. the so called 0ac= e!f !ethodL" &n case of constant co!!utation angle, this angle can 0e opti!i7ed onl. for one operating point" %hrough this opti!i7ation, !otor current and power consu!ption can 0e reduced" Mowe er, if the !otor wor=s in another operating point Kdifferent suppl. oltage, speed and;or tor,ueL, its efficienc. will 0e lower than that of a !otor with a co!!utation angle opti!i7ed for this new operating point" %his paper descri0es !ethods

for the auto!atic opti!i7ation of !otor efficienc. 0. changing the co!!utation angle" [332] *" 8entiIo, *" ).tel, (" -onti, C" Mudgins, '" *anti, and F" *i!in, "Dpga 0ased sliding !ode control for high fre,uenc. power con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 35##" +irtual protot.ping is essentiall. the process of incre!ental su0stitution of real hardware for si!ulation !odels as the indi idual parts of hardware 0eco!e a aila0le" &n this paper a standard, wide0andwidth electrical power interface is presented" %he interface will use high-switching-speed power switches, ultra fast (>C con erters and a D)F( platfor!" %he high switching speed of the power switches !a=es it possi0le to achie e e6tre!el. high closed-loop 0andwidth, 0ut it re,uires additional effort in control de elop!ent" Dor this reason a discrete-ti!e ersion of the sliding !ode control algorith! is i!ple!ented and tested" [333] J" J" *" 8eung and M" *" M" Chung, "?se of second-order switching surface in the 0oundar. control of 0uc= con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 15#3" ( second-order switching surface in the 0oundar. control of 0uc= con erters is studied in this paper" %he for!ulated switching surface can !a=e the o erall con erter e6hi0it 0etter stead.-state and transient 0eha iors than the one with first-order switching surface" -ost i!portantl., it is applica0le for con erters operating in 0oth continuous and discontinuous conduction !odes" %he switching surface is deri ed fro! esti!ating the state traIector. !o e!ent after a switching action, resulting in a high state traIector. elocit. along the switching surface" %his pheno!enon accelerates the traIector. !o ing towards the target operating point" %he proposed control sche!e has 0een successfull. applied to a 1201 0uc= con erter" >etailed large-signal characteristics and co!parisons with the first-order switching surface will 0e discussed" [334] F" '" 8e.h, ")rotot.pe de elop!ent progress toward a 500 = solid state !ar6 !odulator," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #31" Aecent ad ances in &FG% and *iC technolog. ha e !ade possi0le a range of solid-state !odulator concepts that were unthin=a0le a decade ago" )ower densities and speeds of pulsed-power circuits ha e increased dra!aticall. due to the co!!ercial introduction of fast, !ulti-=ilo olt &FG% silicon and *iC diodes featured in )CG-st.le pac=ages" ( solid-state !odulator concept that stands to 0enefit considera0l. fro! recent &FG% and *iC 0rea=throughs is the -ar6 configuration - where an arra. of stac=ed !odules generates high- oltage output pulses directl. fro! a low oltage >C suppl." %he -ar6 sche!e a oids the large, inefficient and costl. !agnetic cores inherent in standard !odulator designs, resulting in a considera0l. si!pler, cheaper and !ore co!pact !echanical solution" %he !ain disad antage to this approach is that the indi idual cells in a -ar6 0an= !ust float at high oltages during the pulse, co!plicating the distri0ution of power and ti!ing signals" %his paper e6a!ines in closer detail the practical ad antages and pitfalls of a solid-state -ar6 configuration, and e6plores a design approach with e!phasis on perfor!ance, wall-plug efficienc., cost of !anufacture, a aila0ilit. and ease of ser ice" %he paper presents electrical diagra!s, !echanical C(> la.out and preli!inar. protot.pe test data" [335] >" 8i and O" Auan, "( high efficient 0oost con erter with power factor correction," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1253" Goost con erter is widel. used as acti e power factor correction K)DCL pre-regulator" &ts input oltage range is uni ersal K$0-225+L, and its output oltage is regulated at a0out 3#0+" (t low line K$0+L the switchEs r!s current is high, so the conduction loss of power switch -4*D'% is large and the efficienc. of whole con erter is er. low" %his paper proposes a new control !ethod that the output oltage aries with the input oltage change" ?nder this control the -4*D'%Es on-ti!e is shortened, and the switchEs r!s current decreases, which reduces the conduction loss and increases the Goost con erter efficienc." %he distri0ution of power loss is anal.7ed 0. co!puting software K!athcad2000L and the

reali7ation of this special control !ethod is gi en" ( 12001 Goost power factor corrector with a erage current control is 0uilt up" &n order to i!pro e the diodeEs turn-off loss the perfor!ance of a 200+, 12( silicon car0ide K*iCL *chott=. diode is also e6peri!entall. e aluated" -easure!ents of o erall efficienc. and re erse reco er. 0eha ior are co!pared 0etween *iC diode and fast reco er. diode" [332] M" 8i, 5" 8i, and @" Fe, ">ead-ti!e co!pensation of 3-le el npc in erter for !ediu! oltage igct dri e s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3524" &n !ost cases, it is essential to insert a dela. ti!e in the switching signals to a oid the da!age of the power electronic de ices and pre ent the shoot-through of the de-lin=" %his causes the dead-ti!e effect and it can 0e !ini!i7ed to i!pro e the perfor!ance of in erters" &n this paper, a no el !ethod, which can eli!inate the de iation of the output oltage in e er. )1- period and co!pensate the deadti!e effect, is proposed" %his !ethod is designed for the !ediu! oltage &FC% dri e s.ste! and is i!ple!ented in a real dri e s.ste!" Goth si!ulation and e6peri!ental results erified the effecti eness of the proposed !ethod" [333] M" 8i, D" Bhuo, 8" 1u, 1" 8ei, C" 8iu, and B" 1ang, "( no el current detection algorith! for shunt acti e power filters in har!onic eli!ination, reacti e power co!pensation and three-phase 0alancing," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1013" ( no el current detection algorith! 0ased on ti!e do!ain approach for three-phase shunt (cti e )ower Dilters K()DL to eli!inate har!onics, and;or correct power factor, and;or 0alance as.!!etrical loads is anal.7ed in this paper" Dirst, a 0asic o er iew and e aluation of the perfor!ance of three e6isting current detection algorith!s for acti e power filters is presented" (ccording to different co!plicated power ,ualit. issues and arious co!pensation purposes, a no el current detection algorith! is then proposed" Co!paring with e6isting algorith!s, this algorith! has shorter ti!e dela. and clearer ph.sical !eaning" >ifferent co!pensating current references can thus 0e accuratel. and easil. o0tained 0. adopting the proposed algorith!" &t ensures that a shunt ()D can er. well achie e different co!pensation purposes" -oreo er, it is er. eas. to i!ple!ent this algorith! in a >igital *ignal )rocessor K>*)L" *i!ulation results o0tained with -atla0 and testing results on an e6peri!ental shunt ()D are presented to alidate the proposed algorith!" [33#] J" 8i, C" 8iu, B" 1ang, and G" 1ei, "*tatic ar generator control strateg. for un0alanced s.ste!s in !ediu! oltage applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4253" %his paper proposes a no el static ar generator K*+FL, which e!plo.s series-connected &FG%s in each leg of the 0ridge for !ediu! oltage 0loc=ing capa0ilit." %he *+F is used to co!pensate reacti e power, negati e se,uence current, current har!onics and un0alanced source oltages" %he configuration of the (C power s.ste! with the *+F is firstl. introduced" %hen the operation principles of the *+F to co!pensate the current or oltage distortions and un0alances are descri0ed" %wo t.pes of control strategies of the whole s.ste!, i"e", controlling the *+F operating as a oltage controlled oltage source K+C+*L and controlling the *+F as a current source K+CC*L, are anal.7ed and discussed in detail" 'speciall., the approaches to generating the reference signal of for the *+F control circuit is presented according to the different co!pensation o0Iecti es !entioned a0o e" (ll these control strategies and algorith!s are reali7ed in digital circuits 0ased on a >*) controller" %he si!ulation in estigations and e6peri!ents on a low oltage protot.pe were carried out" %he results showed that the 0eha ior of the *+F is satisfactor. 0oth in stead. state and in transient process" %he proposed control strategies and algorith!s are erified" [33$] J" 8i, F" Oiao, C" 8iu, and B" 1ang, "Co!parison of four control !ethods to acti e power filters applied in accelerator power supplies," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3$4" %his paper proposes a h.0rid filter structure consisting of a passi e power filter and a >C

acti e power filter K>C()DL applied in high current, high precision and low ripple accelerator power supplies" %he configuration of the power s.ste! with the >C()D is firstl. introduced" %hen four control sche!es to o0tain the reference signal for the >C()D control circuit is presented" Dor each !ethod, the 0asic operation principle of eli!inating output oltage and current ripples is anal.7ed in detail" Durther!ore, the co!pensation characteristics of each !ethod is discussed and co!pared" %o erif. the proposed circuit configuration and the control !ethods, the testing results of the practical field operation of the >C()D with a 120=1 accelerator power suppl. is introduced" G. adopting the control !ethod of detecting the load ripple oltage, the output current ripple factor and trac=ing accurac. of the accelerator power suppl. achie e #"#3 <ti!es/ 109sup:-29;sup:Kpea=-to-pea=L and 1 <ti!es/ 10 9sup:-49;sup: respecti el., which is er. satisfactor. for this =ind of power supplies" %he d.na!ic response of the accelerator power suppl. is also greatl. i!pro ed through the application of the >C()D" [3#0] A" 8i, (" )ottharst, N" Drohle=e, and C" Goc=er, "(nal.sis and design of i!pro ed isolated full-0ridge 0idirectional dc-dc con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 521" ( no el isolated full-0ridge >C->C con erter with 0i-directional power flow is proposed in this paper" G. adding au6iliar. acti e cla!ping circuits to 0oth 0ridges, 7ero- oltage and 7ero-currentswitching are achie ed to i!pro e the perfor!ance of the 0i-directional )1- con erter" %he switches are controlled 0. phase shifted )1- signals with a aria0le dut. c.cle" %he principle of operation is anal.7ed and si!ulated" '6peri!ental results of a 3 =1 50 =M7 protot.pe are presented" [3#1] 5" 8i and 1" Chen, "(c-dc con erter with worldwide range input oltage 0. series and parallel pie7oelectric transfor!er connection," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 222#" )ie7oelectric transfor!ers K)%sL ha e 0een seen as an attracti e solution to reduce si7e and weight in (C->C con erters" %his paper presents a )% (C->C con erter sche!e that can operate o er a worldwide range of input oltage 0. series and parallel )% connection with si!ple control sche!e" 1ith the anal.sis and e6peri!ent, it is erified that the sche!e is a aila0le" [3#2] 5" 8i, >" Ou, and G" 1u, "Aeal-ti!e si!ulator for !ediu! oltage dri es fed 0. current source in erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3543" ( real-ti!e si!ulator is de eloped for high power !ediu!- oltage K2"3-13"#=+L current source in erter fed dri e s.ste!" ( no el d.na!ic !odel of a C*& dri e s.ste! is presented" %his !odel is si!ple, accurate and relia0le, specificall. de eloped for real-ti!e si!ulation" ( si!plified trape7oidal integration algorith! is proposed as a state-space e,uation sol er to reduce the co!putational ti!e" (n interpolation !ethod is introduced to correct errors caused 0. the lac= of s.nchroni7ation 0etween the real-ti!e si!ulator and the digital controller" %he d*)(C' rapid protot.ping s.ste! is e!plo.ed as a real-ti!e si!ulator where the si!ulation algorith! is i!ple!ented in real ti!e" &t is de!onstrated 0. the si!ulation and e6peri!ent that the realti!e si!ulator proposed in this paper can replace the ph.sical dri e s.ste! for digital controller testing" [3#3] 5" 1" 8i, >" -" +ilathga!uwa, and )" C" 8oh, "( grid-interfacing power ,ualit. co!pensator for threephase three-wire !icro-grid applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2011" %his paper proposes a grid-interfacing power ,ualit. co!pensator for three-phase three-wire !icro-grid applications with consideration of 0oth the power ,ualit. of the !icro-grid and the ,ualit. of currents flowing 0etween the !icro-grid and utilit. s.ste!" &t is proposed that two in erters Ka shunt and a seriesL are used for each >istri0uted Feneration K>FL s.ste! in the !icro-grid" Dor each in erter, 0oth positi e-and negati e-se,uence co!ponents are controlled to co!pensate for the effects caused 0. the un0alanced utilit. grid oltages" *pecificall., the shunt in erter is controlled to ensure 0alanced oltages within the !icro-grid and to regulate power dispatches a!ong parallel-connected >F s.ste!s, while the

series in erter 0alances the line currents 0. inIecting appropriate oltage co!ponents" ( current-li!iting algorith! is also proposed and integrated within the in erter control sche!es to protect the !icro-grid fro! large fault currents during utilit. oltage sags K0alanced or un0alancedL" %he proposed co!pensator has 0een tested in si!ulations and e6peri!entall. using a la0orator. hardware protot.pe" [3#4] B" 8iang, G" 8u, C" >" +an 1.=, and D" C" 8ee, "(n integrated cool!os fet;sic diode !odule for high perfor!ance power switching," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" ##2" ( *i Cool-4* D'% and *iC >iode asse!0l. with gate dri er in 0oost configuration Kratings at 200+;12(L, for power factor correction K)DCL application, has 0een fa0ricated in a ersion of &)'- integrated power electronics !odule" &t uses technolog. of so-called '!0edded )ower K')L, to for! a three-di!ensional K3->L !ultiple chips;co!ponents interconnection with the capa0ilit. of functional integration and high perfor!ance" (n integrated power chips stage is 0uilt 0. e!0edding chips in a coplanar cera!ic su0strate and 0uilding up onto it a !etalli7ation thin-fil! interconnection" %his deposited !etalli7ation not onl. 0onds the power chips, 0ut also pro ides the second-le el interconnect wiring, so that associated co!ponents and 0ase su0strate are !ounted fro! top and 0otto! sides" &n this paper, the switching para!eters of this !odule and their effects on a con erterEs perfor!ance ha e 0een e6peri!entall. characteri7ed" %he procedures adopted for the defined fa0rication processes of planar !etalli7ation interconnecting and solder stac=ing, are presented" &n addition to the i!pro e!ent of structural electrical properties, co!pared to a con entional discrete ersion, the characteristics of the planar process integration ha e also 0een de!onstrated" [3#5] *"-M" 8i!, *"-M" Jo, *"-A" 8ee, *"-1" 8ee, C"-M" Ceon, and G"-*" Man, "(nal.sis of fault current li!iting and reacti e power co!pensating operations of new transfor!er t.pe topolog. with current controlled in erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" $#0" %he new transfor!er t.pe topolog. with the current controlled in erter, which could 0e operated as 0oth the fault current li!iter and the reacti e power co!pensator, was suggested in this paper" %he suggested topolog. consisted of the flu6-loc= reactor with a power switch and the full 0ridge in erter" %he operation of this topolog. could 0e di ided into the nor!al state and the short circuit state" &n the nor!al state, the current controlled in erter 0ased on the algorith! of the polari7ed ra!p ti!e K)A%L current control could 0e operated to co!pensate the reacti e power of grid due to nonlinear load or ariation of load" &n the short circuit state, the fault current could 0e li!ited 0. opening the power switch and the i!pedance of the s.ste! could 0e changed 0. adIusting the resistance connected with a power switch" %he operational characteristics of the proposed new transfor!er t.pe topolog. co!0ined with the current controlled in erter for 0oth the nor!al state and the short circuit state were anal.7ed fro! the si!ulation results" [3#2] %" C" 8i!, *" C" Dinne., G" 1" 1illia!s, and )" A" )al!er, "(cti e cla!ping on series connected free-wheel diodes through acti e oltage control," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 112" %his paper presents an (cti e +oltage Control techni,ue, for series connected freewheel diodes in 0ridge legs, which suppresses the oscillation due to diode snap reco er., and cla!ps the o ershoot sustained during re erse reco er." %he need to utilise passi e snu00ers with this acti e oltage control techni,ue to o erco!e the shortco!ing of the acti e cla!ping, is anal.sed" %his techni,ue allows acti e 0alancing of the re erse oltage sharing a!ong series connected free-wheel diodes" '6peri!ental results are presented for the suppression of the oscillation seen 0. the free-wheeling diodes and the acti e cla!ping of the o ershoot oltage with and without passi e snu00ers" [3#3] D" J" (" 8i!a, C" -" %" Cru7, and D" 8" -" (ntunes, "( fa!il. of turn-on and turn-off non-dissipati e passi e snu00ers for soft-switching single-phase rectifier with reduced conduction losses," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3345"

%his paper presents a fa!il. of non-dissipati e passi e snu00ers applied to the single-phase rectifier with reduced conduction losses, for applications in power suppl. for teleco!!unication and ?)*" %he fa!il. of lossless passi e snu00ers presented in this paper guarantees soft-co!!utation during the turn-on and the turn-off inter als of the switch" %he snu00er not onl. should slow the di;dt and d ;dt rates of the acti e switch, 0ut also losslessl. reco er the energ. stored in the 7ero-current inductor and in the 7ero- oltage capacitor, leading to reduced oltage stress across the switch and diodes" ( !ethodolog. to generate the fa!il. of passi e snu00ers for the single-phase rectifier with reduced conduction losses is also presented" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental results for a single-phase rectifier 30001 la0orator. protot.pe using one snu00er of the fa!il. are also presented" [3##] C"-M" 8in, *" C" Chiang, and -"-J" 8in, "(dapti e rfnn control for s.nchronous reluctance !otor dri e," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3232" (n adapti e recurrent fu77. neural networ= KADNNL control s.ste! is proposed to control a s.nchronous reluctance !otor K*.nA-L ser o dri e" Dirst, the field-oriented !echanis! is applied to for!ulate the d.na!ic e,uation of the *.nA- ser o dri e" %hen, the adapti e ADNN control s.ste! is proposed to control the rotor of the *.nA- ser o dri e for the trac=ing of periodic reference inputs" &n the adapti e ADNN control s.ste!, the ADNN controller is used to !i!ic an opti!al control law, and the co!pensated controller with adapti e algorith! is proposed to co!pensate the difference 0etween the opti!al control law and the ADNN controller" -oreo er, an on-line para!eter training !ethodolog., which is deri ed using the 8.apuno sta0ilit. theore! and the 0ac=propagation !ethod, is proposed to increase the learning capa0ilit. of the ADNN" %he effecti eness of the proposed control sche!e is erified 0. so!e e6peri!ental results" [3#$] B" 8in, >" *" Aea., G" 1" 1illia!s, and O" Me, "Migh perfor!ance current control for switched reluctance !otors with on-line !odeling," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1242" %his paper presents an i!pro ed current controller for a switched reluctance !otor K*A-L dri e" &n the proposed !ethod, a G-spline neural networ= was used to !odel the *A- and esti!ate 0ac= '-D and incre!ental inductance on-line in real-ti!e" %he on-line !odeling sche!e does not re,uire a priori =nowledge of *A-Es electro!agnetic characteristics" Gased on the on-line esti!ated para!eters, current control with an adIusta0le )& controller and a 0ac= '-D decoupling techni,ue has 0een i!ple!ented" %he perfor!ance of the current controller has 0een de!onstrated in si!ulation and e6peri!entall. using a four-phase #;2 5501 *A-" [3$0] >" 8inde=e, *" (" -ussa, D" )" >e *ou7a, and &" Gar0i, "*ingle phase acti e power filter controlled with a digital signal processor - dsp," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1024" %his paper presents a 1=+( single-phase acti e power filter K()DL digitall. controlled, for the loads current har!onic distortion co!pensation as well as for the funda!ental loads current displace!ent factor co!pensation" %he ()D is controlled using a >igital *ignal )rocessor K>*)L" '6peri!ental results alidate the anal.sis and design" [3$1] (" 8inde!ann and F" *trauch, ")roperties of direct alu!iniu! 0onded su0strates for power se!iconductor co!ponents," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4131" >irect !etal 0onded cera!ic su0strates are used as carriers for silicon chips in a ariet. of power se!iconductor de ices such as !ost t.pes of !odules" %he. fulfill the tas= to electricall. isolate the power electronic circuit fro! grounded heatsin=, howe er pro iding a ther!al path fro! the chips to the latter" 1hile different t.pes of cera!ic su0strates - such as alu!iniu! o6ide or alu!iniu! nitride - are used, the !etal la.ers 0onded onto the cera!ic plate al!ost e6clusi el. consist of copper, leading to the designation direct copper 0onded - >CG - su0strate" &n this paper a new co!0ination of !aterials - (l 9su0:29;su0:49su0:39;su0: cera!ics in conIunction with 0onded alu!iniu! - is proposed: (n o er iew

a0out !anufacturing technolog. of such direct alu!iniu! 0onded - >(G - su0strates the!sel es and of co!ponents 0ased on the! is gi en" Durther, electrical, ther!al and !echanical properties of the su0strates are characterised, 0eing directl. related to the su0Iect of relia0ilit." Characteristics e6pected 0ased on ph.sical considerations are co!pared to results gained in an e6tensi e ,ualification progra!, co!prising tests and !easure!ents with 0are su0strates and co!plete power se!iconductor co!ponents" (s a reference, identicall. designed >CG su0strates and co!ponents undergo the sa!e progra!, per!itting a direct co!parison of results" [3$2] *" 8ine.=in and *" Gen-5aa=o , "Deed0ac= isolation 0. pie7oelectric transfor!ers: Co!parison of a!plitude to fre,uenc. !odulation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1#34" *ignal isolation is needed in power electronics s.ste!s that include separate pri!ar. and secondar. EgroundsE" %he feasi0ilit. of using a pie7oelectric transfor!er K)%L as a gal anic 0arrier was in estigated in this stud. theoreticall. and e6peri!entall." %he research included the issues of dri e, de!odulation, 0andwidth, and co!!on !ode reIection" &n particular, two t.pes of e6citation signals were co!pared: a!plitude !odulated and fre,uenc. !odulated" %he fre,uenc. response of the pie7oelectric isolator was studied 0. s!all signal en elope si!ulation using 4AC(>;)*)&C' as well as e6peri!entall." &t is concluded that the D- approach offers a larger G1 0ut the (- sche!e see!s to 0e easier to i!ple!ent" [3$3] -" 8iserre, A" %eodorescu, and D" Glaa0Ierg, "*ta0ilit. of grid-connected p in erters with large grid i!pedance ariation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4333" )hoto oltaic K)+L in erters used in dispersed power generation of houses in the range of 1-5 =1 are currentl. a aila0le fro! se eral !anufacturers" Mowe er large grid i!pedance ariation is challenging the control and the grid filter design in ter!s of sta0ilit." &n fact the )+ s.ste!s are well suited for loads connected in a great distance to the transfor!er Klong wiresL and the situation 0eco!es e en !ore difficult in low-de eloped re!ote areas characteri7ed 0. low power transfor!ers and long distri0ution wires with high grid i!pedance" Mence a theoretical anal.sis is needed 0ecause the grid i!pedance ariation leads to d.na!ic and sta0ilit. pro0le!s 0oth in the low fre,uenc. range Karound the current controller 0andwidth fre,uenc.L as well as in the high fre,uenc. range Karound the 8C8-filter resonance fre,uenc.L" &n the low fre,uenc. range the possi0le ariation of the i!pedance challenges the design of resonant controllers adopted to !itigate the effect of the grid har!onic distortion on the grid current" &n the high fre,uenc. range the grid i!pedance influence the fre,uenc. characteristic of the filter and the design of passi e or acti e da!ping Kto ensure sta0ilit.L 0eco!es !ore difficult" &n this paper 0oth topics are addressed and discussed with si!ulation and e6peri!ental results" [3$4] C" 8iu, (" Cohnson, and C"-*" 8ai, "-odeling and control of a no el si6-leg three-phase high-power con erter for," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4315" &n this paper, an a eraged !odel for a recentl. proposed no el three-phase transfor!er-isolated phase-shift >C;>C con erter is deri ed" Duel cell static and d.na!ic characteristics are used for the con erter power stage design consideration" %he controller is then designed 0ased upon the power stage para!eters and s.ste! d.na!ic re,uire!ents" %he entire s.ste! has 0een designed, si!ulated, and erified with a 3-=1 con erter protot.pe and a co!!ercial 1"2 =1 fuel cell" %he e6peri!ental results !atch the si!ulation results er. well on 0oth fuel cell source d.na!ic and step load transient responses" [3$5] D" 8iu, C" Jlu!pner, and D" Glaa0Ierg, "( ro0ust !ethod to i!pro e sta0ilit. in !atri6 con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3520" %he last few .ears witness a high interest in the use of !atri6 con erter technolog. in (C;(C power con ersion" %his paper is focusing on its sta0ilit. issues" &t anal.7es the insta0ilit. reason and re eals that the har!onics interaction of its input current and input oltage is the !ain cause of insta0ilit."

%he !atri6 con erter sta0ilit. can 0e i!pro ed 0. decoupling its input current with the input oltage" ( !odulation strateg. is presented that satisfies the idea" %he difference of the strateg. co!pared with the traditional one onl. concerns on the definition of the reference angle for the input current ector" ( !atri6 con erter !odel that ta=es the switching 0eha ior and effects related with the digital i!ple!entations into consideration is de eloped for e aluation of the strateg." %he si!ulation results show that the proposed strateg. can highl. i!pro e the !atri6 con erter sta0ilit." &t is si!ple in i!ple!entation and the algorith! is ro0ust" '6peri!ental results are presented to erif. the conclusions" [3$2] C" C" )" 8iu, C" J" %se, N" J" )oon, 5" -" 8ai, and -" M" )ong, "( pfc topolog. with low input current distortion suita0le for aircraft power supplies," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 122" %his paper presents an (C->C con erter topolog. for reali7ation of )DC con erters for applications where the !ains fre,uenc. is high and a low input current har!onics is re,uired, e"g", in aircraft power s.ste!s" %he proposed topolog. eli!inates crosso er distortion due to the presence of input rectifiers and the ine ita0le input current phase lead" %he idea is to stac= a >C oltage on top of the (C !ains oltage to pre ent oltage polarit. re ersal in the input, eli!inating the input 0ridge rectifier" %his eli!inates the crosso er distortion, which can 0e significant for suppl. s.ste!s ha ing a high !ains fre,uenc." &n addition, the proposed )DC con erter allows 0i-directional energ. flow, ensuring all inductors wor= in continuous conduction !ode and hence eli!inating the distortion due to the a0rupt change of d.na!ic response when the operating !ode changes" (nal.sis and design of the power and control circuits will 0e gi en and discussed" (n e6peri!ental s.ste! will 0e presented for erification purposes" [3$3] O" 8iu and 8" (" C" 8opes, "(n i!pro ed pertur0ation and o0ser ation !a6i!u! power point trac=ing algorith! for p arra.s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2005" %his paper discusses a new i!ple!entation of a )ertur0ation and 40ser ation K) and 4L -a6i!u! )ower )oint %rac=ing K-))%L algorith! that can !itigate;reduce the !ain draw0ac=s co!!onl. related to the ) and 4 !ethod" %his is achie ed with pea= current control, s!all pertur0ation alues and sa!pling of instantaneous alues, instead of a eraged, to speed up the s.ste! response and reduce the oscillations around the -a6i!u! )ower )oint K-))L" %he nu!0er of sa!ples per switching c.cle, t.pe Ks.nchroni7ed; uns.nchroni7edL and ideal instant for sa!pling K!a6i!u! or !ini!u! currentL are in estigated in order to o0tain fast calculation of the direction of the ne6t pertur0ation" '6peri!ental results with the proposed control sche!e i!ple!ented in a >*) are presented" [3$#] )" 8iutana=ul, *" )ierfederici, and D" -ei0od.-%a0ar, ">c-lin= capacitor reduction of a controlled rectifier suppl.ing n in erter-!otor dri e s.ste!s 0. co!pensating the load ariations," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 12$#" %his paper deals with the co!pensations of the load ariations in the control of >C-lin= oltage of the cascade of one rectifier-N in erter !otor dri e s.ste!s" %he o0Iecti e is to reduce the capacitance of the >C-lin= capacitors without affecting the sta0ilit. of the >C- oltage control/ so, the rectifier controllers should anticipate the load ariation of the N in erter-!otor dri e s.ste!s" %his is achie ed 0. introducing co!pensating structures in the rectifier controllers/ then, the >C-lin= oltage 0eco!es al!ost insensiti e to the load ariations" %his !a=es possi0le to design independentl. the controllers of the controlled rectifier fro! those of the in erter-!otor asse!0lies" %he presented si!ulation results alidate the efficienc. of the proposed !ethods" [3$$] (" 8lor, G" (llard, O" 8in-*hi, and C"--" Aetif, "Co!parison of dtc i!ple!entations for s.nchronous !achines," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 35#1" >irect-tor,ue-control K>%CL is nowada.s a classical techni,ue for aria0le speed control of induction !achines" -an. i!ple!entations ha e 0een presented in litterature" >%C algorith! re,uires elocit. for so!e parts and fle6i0ilit. for other parts" >igital-signal-processors K>*)L ha e 0een used for

fle6i0ilit., 0ut field-progra!!a0le-gate-arra.s KD)F(L ha e 0een preferred for elocit." ?sing one de ice K>*) or D)F(L for >%C i!ple!entation has 0een reported as not opti!al" Co-design appears as a pro!ising !ethodolog. for partitioning the >%C algorith! 0etween fle6i0le and fast parts" Co-design re,uires user-specifications to help the partitioning with regard to the awaited control perfor!ances" (uthors discuss two e6peri!ental i!ple!entations at e6tre!ities of the co-design space, i"e" full-software or full-hardware i!ple!entation" Dor each i!ple!entation, the >%C algorith! re,uires adaptations" (uthors detail each de elop!ent, and full-codes are a aila0le on a dedicated we0-site" +alidation results are presented for 0oth i!ple!entations" )erfor!ances, ad antages, and li!itations of 0oth i!ple!entations are co!pared" %he necessar. specifications for co-design de elop!ent !a. then 0e identified" [400] (" 8ohner and 1" ' ers, "&ntelligent power !anage!ent of a supercapacitor 0ased h.0rid power train for light-rail ehicles and cit. 0usses," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 232" %his paper presents the concept of a dou0le-la.er capacitor KsupercapacitorL 0ased h.0rid power train for light-rail ehicles and cit. 0usses" %he co!ponents of the power s.ste! are 0uild-up around a co!!on >C-0us" %o !ini!i7e olu!e, weight and costs of the power train, the 0uc=-0oost in erter is integrated into the traction in erter of the induction !achine" %he supercapacitor 0atter. is connected 0. an e6ternal inductor" -ain ele!ent of the h.0rid dri e is its control, which guarantees a sa e ehicle operation and !anages the power of the h.0rid power train" &n case of a diesel-electric ehicle the !ost i!portant ai! of the de eloped control is to sa e energ. 0. an opti!ised use of the pri!e !o er unit and 0. recei ing the 0ra=ing energ. 0. the supercapacitor 0atter." %he stored energ. will then 0e used for the ne6t accelerating phase" %his paper presents si!ulations of the h.0rid power train and first practical test-0ench results which ha e 0een recorded fro! a protot.pe in erter !ade for integration into a diesel-electric 0us" [401] (" -" 8o=handwala and *" J" -a7u!der, ">iscrete alidation of a s!art power asic KspicL for a distri0uted power s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3321" 1e descri0e the design and i!ple!entation and discrete alidation of a high- oltage GC>technolog. 0ased s!art power integrated circuit K*)&CL design, which is an "one-chip solution" to control, dri e, and protect a two-stage distri0uted power s.ste! K>)*L" (s such, the proposed *)&C achie es higher power densit., reduced design-c.cle ti!e, and enhanced s.ste! relia0ilit." %he >)* co!prises a front-end (C->C single-switch power-factor-correction K)DCL con erter, which is cascaded with a 0ac=-end >C->C four-switch full-0ridge 7ero- oltage-switching KDGB+*L con erter" %he current-and the oltage-!ode controllers for the )DC and the DGB+* con erters, respecti el., are integrated into the *)&C" %he *)&C can "directl." fire the 2 high-side and 3 low-side de ices in the power s.ste!" ( co!0ination of 0ootstrap and charge-pu!p techni,ues is used to power the gate-dri e circuits for the high-side power de ices/ hence, the dut. c.cle for a high-side power de ice is 100H and independent of the turn-on ti!e of the low-side power de ice in the sa!e leg of the DGB+* con erter" (dditionall., a !ore relia0le two-stage fault protection sche!e is i!ple!ented in the *)&C including protection features such as under- oltage loc=out, o ercurrent protection, adapti e shoot-through protection, and soft-start capa0ilit." %his paper illustrates se eral =e. e6peri!ental results o0tained 0. controlling the >)* using the discrete *)&C to alidate the functionalities of the latter and its satisfactor. perfor!ance" [402] >" >" C" 8u, >" J" 1" Cheng, and 5" *" 8ee, "*torage capacitor oltage control of single-stage ac;dc pfc con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 33$4" %o reduce the storage capacitor oltage stress in single-stage power-factor-corrected K*9sup:29;sup:)DCL con erters due to the change of load, so!e effecti e approaches such as aria0le fre,uenc. control and negati e 0us oltage feed0ac= ha e 0een proposed" Mowe er, the storage capacitor oltage still aries largel. against the change of line oltage" %his paper proposes a *9sup:29;sup:)DC con erter with an au6iliar. 0i-directional switch, operating at 7ero- oltage-switching KB+*L condition, to control the storage capacitor oltage" Gesides, this switch helps to create a direct power transfer path for efficienc. i!pro e!ent and to reduce the storage capacitor oltage stress at light load condition" ( dualloop oltage !ode control is proposed to achie e power factor correction, output oltage regulation and

storage capacitor oltage control si!ultaneousl." *i!ulation and e6peri!ental results show that the proposed approach effecti e" [403] @" D" 8u, B" %" Cao, and '" Aitchie, "-odel of stator inter-turn short circuit fault in dou0l.-fed induction generators for wind tur0ine," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" $32" %he dou0l. fed induction generator K>D&FL is an i!portant co!ponent of wind tur0ine s.ste!s" &t is necessar. to identif. incipient faults ,uic=l." %his paper proposes a co!plete si!ulation !odel of >D&F in wind tur0ine a0out inter-turn short circuit fault at stator windings, which is 0ased on !ulti-circuit theor." ( detail anal.sis a0out si!ulation results is presented, especiall. a0out short circuit current" G. anal.sis, the apparent 150M7, 450M7 and current phase angle difference are ta=en as fault features and the fault phase also can 0e detected 0. phase angle difference" Goth si!ulated results and e6peri!ental results of e!ulated inter-turn short circuit fault 0. paralleling a resistance with phase ( are carried out" %he. erif. the preceding anal.sis results" -oreo er, their coincidence certificates this !odel is good and si!ulation results of inter-turn short circuit fault are correct" [404] 5" 1" 8u, 1" Bhang, and 5" 8iu, "( large signal d.na!ic !odel for single-phase ac-to-dc con erters with power factor correction," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1053" %his paper presents a !odel for a erage current control that can 0e applied to >C-to->C con erters and (C-to->C power factor correction K)DCL circuits" %he proposed >C-to->C !odel consists of two parts: 1L an a eraged >C-to->C con erter topolog. with all the switching ele!ents replaced 0. dependent sources 2L an a erage current control sche!e with a )ulse 1idth -odulation K)1-L !odel, which deter!ines the dut. c.cles" *i!ilarl., the (C-to->C )DC !odel is o0tained 0. co!0ining an a eraged Goost con erter !odel with the )DC control sche!e using a erage current control" %o erif. the proposed !odel, si!ulated results were co!pared to e6peri!ental wa efor!s" %he e6peri!ental results de!onstrate that the !odel can correctl. predict the stead.-state and large signal d.na!ic 0eha ior for a erage current controlled >C-to->C and (C-to->C )DC con erters" [405] )" C" J" 8u=, J" 'l Jha!lichi >rissi, and G" 1ang, "'6peri!ental in estigations into the dualrando!i7ation pw! sche!e for power con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 420$" Aando!i7ed pulse width !odulation sche!es in power con erters ha e shown potential for rela6ing filtering re,uire!ents and reducing electro!agnetic interference" -aIorit. of e6isting sche!es rando!i7e one !odulation para!eter to disperse the har!onic contents of the output of the power con erter" %his paper concerns the in estigation of a new dual-rando!i7ation sche!e 0. !eans of e6tensi e e6peri!entation, which includes co!parison with e6isting rando!ised )1- sche!es" %he effects of rando!i7ing the two independent !odulation para!eters, carrier fre,uenc. and pulse position, on the har!onic content for a gi en output of the con erter are e6a!ined" %hese e6peri!ental results, achie ed 0. a si!ple !icroprocessor, underline the superior spectral power spread of the new sche!e, and will lead to lower electro!agnetic interference and associated ad erse effects" [402] )" C" J" 8u= and )" Cinupun, "&nstantaneous thrust control for a linear switched reluctance !otor," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2225" ( new control techni,ue for a three-phase linear switched reluctance !otor is proposed" Gased on the direct relationship 0etween the electro!agnetic thrust generated, and the net wor= e6pended per rotor displace!ent, the proposed techni,ue can achie e instantaneous thrust control, which is not possi0le with e6isting !ethods" >ue to its si!plicit., the !ethod can 0e i!ple!ented 0. low-cost digital !icroprocessors" [403] )" 8ur=ens, "*oft-switching pre-conditioner with integrated dcdc-con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE

Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4031" -an. applications in the field of consu!er and office electronics re,uire a power suppl. that pro ides one or se eral isolated low oltage outputs and at the sa!e ti!e a controlled high oltage at a 0uffer capacitor, t.picall. 400 +, for larger consu!ers with a sufficient hold-up ti!e" ?suall. this is reali7ed with a 0oost-t.pe up-con erter that allows worldwide !ains conditions" (n e6tra con erter for the isolated output is still needed, introducing e6tra cost and olu!e" -an. proposals of integrated (C>C;>C>C con erters ha e 0een !ade in the past on which [1] gi es a detailed o er iew" Nor!all. these re,uire e6tra power diodes, e6tra windings or cannot reali7e Bero-+oltage-%ransition switching under uni ersal !ains conditions" &n addition, there is no independent control of the 0uffer oltage, leading to pro0le!s with the oltage rating of co!ponents or hold-up ti!e [2], %his paper descri0es a topolog., which integrates the functions of a pre-conditioner with a resonant >C>C-con erter that allows independent control of the oltage of the electrol.tic 0uffer capacitor and the isolated output" Gecause of the a0ilit. to reali7e soft switching o er the full !ains oltage range, a er. high efficienc. is achie ed" %he integration of the two functions, pre-conditioning and >C>C-con ersion, in co!0ination with the high switching fre,uenc. leads to a reduced count of !iniaturi7ed co!ponents" [40#] C" )" 8.ons and +" +lat=o ic, ")ower electronics and alternati e energ. generation," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 12" Frowth in alterati e energ. generation technologies and !ar=ets will ha e a !aIor i!pact on de elop!ent of power electronics in the future" %he paper discusses so!e of these i!plications, and outlines the technological and perfor!ance challenges for power electronic s.ste!s in alternati e energ. applications" [40$] M" -a, 5" 8ang, and M" Chen, "( si!plified algorith! for space ector !odulation of three-phase oltage source pw! rectifier," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3225" ( si!plified algorith! is proposed in this paper for space- ector !odulation K*+-L of threephase oltage source )1- rectifier" %he transfer function and control loop design of the rectifier are detail descri0ed" Dor three-phase oltage source )1- rectifier, the space- ector !odulation sche!e has e6cellent features such as increased utili7ed oltage, eas. i!ple!entation ia !icroprocessor etc" &n this paper the dut. c.cles of space oltage ectors are calculated directl. to trac= the reference oltage ector in each sector of the space ector plane" &t a oids the loo=-up ta0les of sine and;or arctangent and co!ple6 calculations needed in the con entional !ethods" Gased on e6peri!ental platfor! for )ower 'lectronics ")'-)A4 ; +C33", the e6peri!ental results de!onstrated that the proposed s.ste! also has the ad antages including unit. input power factor and greatl. reduced input line current har!onic distortion due to nearl. sinusoidal input line current attaina0le with controlled rectifiers" [410] J"-*" -a, C"->" 8ee, and 5"--" Ji!, "New 7 s-pw! con erters with 7ero-current-switched au6iliar. switch for low power applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1344" ( new fa!il. of B+*-)1- con erters, which contain au6iliar. resonant circuit, is proposed and designed for low power applications in this paper" %he au6iliar. circuit consists of a resonant inductor, a resonant capacitor, au6iliar. diodes, and an au6iliar. switch" %he au6iliar. circuit is onl. acti ated during the !ain switch turn-on" (lso, the added au6iliar. circuit of the con erter pro ides soft switching of all switches, which !ain switch and !ain diode operate under satisf.ing B+*, and au6iliar. switch operates under satisf.ing BC*" ( 0oost t.ped con erter is selected to descri0e the operation of the fa!il. of B+*)1- con erter" %he con erter is anal.7ed for stead. state and graphical state plane" %he operation characteristics and perfor!ances of the con erter ha e 0een erified 0. 100 =M7, $0 1 0read0oarded 0oost t.ped con erter" [411] A" 4" -achado, *" Guso, and C" (" )o!ilio, "( line-interacti e single-phase to three-phase con erter

s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 353" %his paper descri0es a line-interacti e single-phase to three-phase con erter" ( t.pical application is in rural areas supplied 0. the single-wire with earth return s.ste!" %he traditional o0Iecti e of feeding a three-phase induction !otor is not an.!ore the !ain concern for such con ersion" >ue to the e olution of the agro 0usiness, so!e of the local loads Kas electronic power con erters, co!puters, co!!unication e,uip!ents, etc"L re,uire high ,ualit. power, intended as sinusoidal, s.!!etrical, and 0alanced three-phase oltage" (dditionall., to !a6i!i7e the power got fro! the feeder, the s.ste! pro ides a unitar. power factor to the grid" ( three-phase +*&-)1- con erter is used for this purpose" %he power con erter does not process all the load power as in the con entional solutions, 0ut onl. the fraction necessar. to regulate the three-phase 0us oltage" (s it does not !anage acti e power, it is not necessar. to ha e a source at the dc side" %he control strateg., design highlights, and e6peri!ental results are presented" [412] J" C" )" -ac=en, "Control of in erter-0ased distri0uted generation used to pro ide pre!iu! power ,ualit.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 31##" )re ious wor= has de!onstrated that in erter-0ased distri0uted generation has large potential to pro ide pre!iu! power ,ualit." %his paper re iews how solutions for so!e of the =e. technical issues !ight 0e for!ed" -ore specificall., distri0uted control and !icrogrid ride-through control are discussed" %wo specific e6a!ples are included to co!plete the discussion" [413] D" (" -agueed, (" *annino, and C" * ensson, "%ransient perfor!ance of oltage source con erter under un0alanced oltage dips," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1123" Ao0ust operation of +oltage *ource Con erters under un0alanced oltage dips can 0e o0tained 0. controlling the positi e and negati e-se,uence currents separatel. with a >ual +ector Current Controller K>+CCL" &n this paper, the perfor!ance of the >+CC is in estigated under all oltage dips that can affect the con erter" %wo different !ethods for ta=ing into account the oscillating powers dissipated in the filter are presented, tested and co!pared" %he effect of the phase-angle Iu!p of the dip is also studied" [414] A" -aier, )" Driedrichs, F" Friepentrog, and -" *chroec=, "-odeling of silicon car0ide KsicL power de ices for electronic switching in low oltage applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2342" 4wing to their ro0ust 0eha ior silicon car0ide se!iconductor power de ices can 0e used ad antageousl. to protect a circuit fro! high short circuit currents" >ue to their superior properties the. ha e the potential to 0e widel. used in low oltage networ=s Kup to 1000+ a"c"L as an electronic load feeder to electronicall. switch oh!icinducti e loads such as !otors or electric heaters" Gecause of their specific on-resistance which is reduced in co!parison to e,ui alent con entional power de ices 0ased on silicon the on-state losses are !uch closer to those of !echanical contacts" %hus, power dissipation of switchgear and switch0oards is in the range of that of !echanical switches" &n the field of electronic switching technolog. we distinguish 0etween (C51 and (C53 utili7ation categor." 1hereas (C51 characteri7es oh!ic loads, e" g" electric heaters, (C53 descri0es !a=e and 0rea= operations with induction !otors whose starting current a!ounts fro! 4 to $ ti!es the rated current &n the present paper a !odel is introduced to anticipate the perfor!ance as well as to descri0e the electrical and ther!al 0eha ior of *iC-power de ices during short circuit operation and when conducting the rated current in 0oth, (C51 and (C53, !odes" %he results o0tained fro! this !odel agree er. well with !easure!ents perfor!ed on an oh!ic-inducti e circuit %he !odel can 0e used to de elop a special tool for circuit si!ulation s.ste!s such as )*)&C'" [415] J" -ainali, *" J" )anda, C" O" Ou, and %" *enI.u, ")osition trac=ing perfor!ance enhance!ent of linear ultrasonic !otor using iterati e learning control," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4#44"

%he highl. nonlinear characteristics of the ultrasonic !otors ha e posed pro0le!s for its high precision position control" %here are two wa.s to tac=le the nonlinearities in the s.ste!: KaL !a=e use of ad anced nonlinear position control sche!es to co!pensate for the nonlinearities as a whole or K0L co!pensate the nonlinearities partiall. 0. pro iding a suita0le feed-forward signal and then !a=e use of a linear feed0ac= controller for the outer loop position control" &n this paper, nonlinearit. introduced due to dead7one is first co!pensated using a feed-forward signal and position control of the linear ultrasonic !otorK8?*-L is carried out using a con entional )& position controller" %he perfor!ance of such a closed loop control s.ste! is e aluated e6peri!entall." %he perfor!ance co!para0le to those that can 0e o0tained using co!putationall. intensi e non-linear control sche!es proposed in [$]-[11] can 0e o0tained using linear controllers" %hough )& position controller e6hi0its er. good set-point trac=ing, its perfor!ance deteriorates in case of the load ariation or for trac=ing ti!e ar.ing references" &n order to i!pro e the trac=ing perfor!ance a ro0ust sliding !ode controller is then i!ple!ented" '6peri!ental results o0tained alidate the i!pro ed trac=ing perfor!ance in co!parison with )& position controller" Dor periodic reference position trac=ing the sliding !ode controller e6hi0its periodic trac=ing error profile" Dor further i!pro ing the trac=ing perfor!ance an iterati e learning control is aug!ented to the sliding !ode controller" '6peri!ental test results o0tained show that the periodic trac=ing error can 0e suppressed 0. a factor of ten using the proposed iterati e learning control sche!e" [412] F" -aIu!dar, "Duture of power se!iconductors," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 10" ( 0rief histor. of power se!iconductor de ices, starting fro! its 0ipolar 0ased origin to the present da. &FG% -odules and &ntelligent )ower -odules K&)-sL, has 0een re iewed in the 0eginning of this paper" %he re iew is then followed 0. an anal.sis of the changing re,uire!ents fro! the application fields and a proIection of future growth for power se!iconductors to co!pl. with such needs" %he paper particularl. details the progresses !ade for near future options related to the &FG% chip technolog., including a Ere erse-conducting t.peE and a Ere erse-0loc=ing t.peE de ice concepts, and prospects of silicon car0ide 0ased power se!iconductors for far future power con ersion applications" [413] %" G" -archesan, F" 1" >enardin, A" )" *il eira, (" Ca!pos, and A" N" >o )rado, ">e elop!ent of a control field0us for hps electronic 0allasts using power lines," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 35$3" (rtificial illu!ination control is one i!portant topic to 0e addressed, considering that the energ. e6penses are su0stantial and solutions to opti!i7e the use of energ. are re,uired" %his wor= presents an integrated solution for 'lectronic Gallasts control of M)* la!ps using the power lines as a trans!ission !edia" ( !essage protocol will 0e i!ple!ented, with aria0les related to M)* la!ps !anage!ent" %he protocol stac=, including the )h.sical 8a.er, the -edia (ccess Control 8a.er, the Networ= 8a.er and the (pplication 8a.er is designed focusing in the application purposed, i" e", energ. !anage!ent, light control and !onitoring" ( software application is designed so all units could 0e controlled and !onitored re!otel." '6peri!ental results are presented in order to alidate the integration 0etween power lines and electronic 0allasts to control M)* la!ps" [41#] -" -archesoni and C" +acca, "( new dc-dc con erter structure for power flow !anage!ent in fuel-cell electric ehicles with energ. storage s.ste!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2#3" -odern fuel cell 0ased electric ehicles should use energ. storage de ices such as 0atteries or supercapacitors to guarantee load le eling, assuring 0ra=ing energ. reco er. and good perfor!ances in transient operations" %o this end, con erters with 0i-directional power flows are needed to connect the accu!ulators to the dc-lin= of the !otor dri e s.ste!" &n this paper, a new con ersion structure for the 0idirectional interfacing of two dc oltage sources with a higher oltage dc-lin= is presented, where onl. three controlla0le power electronic switches are needed and where the onl. li!it is that the su! of the two dc oltages !ust 0e lower or e,ual than the !otor dri e dc-lin= oltage" %he anal.sis of the con erter structure, the control and !odulation s.ste!s that ha e 0een de eloped and the o0tained results are

reported" [41$] *" -arietho7 and (" Aufer, "Aesolution and efficienc. i!pro e!ents for three-phase cascade !ultile el in erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4441" %his paper deals with cascade !ultile el in erters" &t focuses on as.!!etrical topologies where the cell input oltages are of different alues" %hese h.0rid topologies !a. 0e ad antageous for se eral applications" Ne ertheless, the need of >C->C con erters to suppl. the cells of re ersi0le !ultile el con erters increases the cost and losses of such in erters" &t li!its their application field" Durther!ore, the si!ultaneous-co!!utation pro0le!, which increases the switching losses for so!e operating points, reduces the design choice to configurations of lower resolution" Co!0ining in series a 3phase 2-switch oltage source in erter with single phase M-0ridges, we o0tain a cascaded !ultile el in erter with attracti e properties in ter!s of oltage resolution and energetic efficienc." %his paper descri0es how to design and use such a structure and how to increase the in erter resolution" [420] F" -arina and '" Fatti, "8arge power pw! ig0t con erter for shaft alternator s.ste!s," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3431" %he use of *haft (lternators in !arine application is well =nown as a con enient and efficient wa. to suppl. all the electrical loads of a ship with two !ain purposes: sharing acti e and reacti e power with the au6iliar. generators installed on 0oard and operating in stand alone configuration when the ship tra els at cruising speed" (n inno ati e *haft (lternator *.ste! 0ased on )1- K)ulse 1idth -odulationL in erters has 0een designed and installed in .ear 2002: this solution guarantees high perfor!ance operation without the need of installing a s.nchronous co!pensator, as re,uested 0. the up to now widel. used 8C& 0ased s.ste!" %his paper descri0es the 1440=1, 440+, 20 M7 )1- &FG% *haft (lternator de eloped and installed on 5 Ao-Ao KAoll 4n - Aoll 4utL Car Carrier +essels K214 !t, 52300 FA% KFross Aegistered %onnsLL, actuall. cruising on North and *outh (tlantic Aoutes" %wo 2200 =1, 2$0+, 50 M7 )1- &FG% water cooled *haft (lternators were also designed and reali7ed during 2003 and all factor. tests were successfull. co!pleted" [421] A" -artin and N" +" -at ee , ")rotection s.ste! for rf powerfull acuu! tu0es," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2253" +arious aspects of triggered acuu! switch K%+*L, the high oltage switches that can 0e used in a crow0ar, are discussed" %+* has i!pro ed characteristics in operation oltage" %+* consist of two 0ase and one control electrodes enclosed in a cera!ic en elop" %+* used in a crow0ar is a0le to carr. a0out 109sup:29;sup: C of total charge" %he crow0ar 0ased on %+* and supplied with dependent triggering circuit gi es si!ple, relia0le, and cost effecti e decision for additional protection of the load against da!age under 0rea=down" [422] (" -" -assoud, *" C" Dinne., and G" 1" 1illia!s, ")redicti e current control of a shunt acti e power filter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3523" &n this paper, a predicti e current control !ethod for the shunt acti e power niter is proposed" %he acti e filter output oltage is predicted using the suppl. current, not the acti e filter current" Mar!onic current e6traction is achie ed using the capacitor oltage control techni,ue" *pace ector !odulation K*+-L is used as a pulse width !odulation techni,ue" %he !ethod i!pro es the current control trac=ing perfor!ance, !ini!i7es the nu!0er of sensors, uses *+- to reduce the capacitor oltage conse,uentl. the switching loss, and reduces co!putational 0urden" %he proposed !ethod is alidated 0. si!ulation and e6peri!entall." [423] )" -atta elli, 1" *tefanutti, F" *pia77i, and )" %enti, ">igital control of single-phase power factor preregulators suita0le for s!art-power integration," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 31$5"

%his paper proposes a full. digital control of 0oost )ower Dactor )reregulators K)D)sL with input oltage esti!ation that is suita0le for s!art-power integration" %he proposed solution features a !ini!u! pin count 0. a oiding direct sensing of the input oltage for the construction of the internal current reference signal and 0. sensing the output oltage through a direct sa!pling of the oltage across the power switch during its off inter al at the line oltage pea=" %he control algorith! re,uires the esti!ation of the rectified input oltage, that is si!pl. done 0. e6ploiting the integral part of the current loop )& regulator, and a )88 K)hase-8oo=ed-8oopL s.nchroni7ation with the esti!ated line fre,uenc. for sa!pling the output oltage and reIecting the low-fre,uenc. output oltage ripple" %he pro isions needed to ensure correct output oltage sensing, e en during transient and light-load conditions, are also discussed" '6peri!ental results on a single-phase 0oost )D) show the properties of the proposed approach" [424] *" J" -a7u!der, J" (char.a, *" J" )radhan, C" Mart igsen, -" A" +on *pa=o s=., and C" Ma.nes, "'nerg. 0uffering techni,ues for load transient !itigation of solid-o6ide fuel cell KsofcL power conditioning s.ste! KpcsL," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 434$" >ifferences in the response ti!es of a solid-o6ide fuel cell K*4DCL and its power-electronics su0s.ste! K)'*L, and that of the 0alance-of-plant su0s.ste! KG4)*L cause low-reactant conditions near the *4DC electrodes during load transients" Gecause the G4)* cannot instantaneousl. pro ide enough fuel to the *4DC, load transients ha e a detri!ental effect on the perfor!ance and dura0ilit. of the fuel cell" %o alle iate the degrading effects of load transients on the perfor!ance and dura0ilit. of *4DC stac=s K*4DC*sL, we in estigate the effecti eness of two energ.-0uffering de ices Kna!el., a 0atter. and a pressuri7ed-h.drogen-storage tan=L" [425] *" J" -a7u!der and *" 8" Ja!isett., "'6peri!ental alidation of a no el !ultiphase nonlinear r! controller," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2114" G. co!0ining the concepts of !ultiple-sliding-surface and integral- aria0le-structure controls, we de elop a ro0ust controller for a !ultiphase $ + +A-, which co!prises four parallel >C->C s.nchronous 0uc= con erters operating at 300 =M7" %he ad antages of the control sche!e are its si!plicit. in design, good d.na!ic response, ro0ustness, a0ilit. to nullif. the 0us- oltage error and the error 0etween the load currents of the con erter !odules, and a0ilit. to reduce the i!pact of high-fre,uenc. d.na!ics due to parasitics on the closed-loop control s.ste!" ?nli=e a con entional aria0le-structure controller K+*CL, which achie es superior transient perfor!ance 0. opti!i7ing Kand hence, 0. ar.ingL the switching fre,uenc., the no el controller is a0le to retain the e6cellent d.na!ic perfor!ance of a con entional +*C and .et !aintain a constant-fre,uenc. operation of a )1- controller under Estead.-stateE condition" %he latter is achie ed 0. o0taining a dut.-ratio signal/ howe er, unli=e a )1- controller, the new controller calculates the dut. ratio 0ased on 8.apuno Es sta0ilit. criterion" %hus, the new controller also ena0les interlea ed operation of the +A- !odules" [422] A" -ec=e and C" Aathge, "Migh fre,uenc. resonant in erter for contactless energ. trans!ission o er large air gap," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1333" %he paper in estigates the influence of geo!etrical and electrical para!eters on energ. trans!ission through air gaps of se eral hundred !illi!etres" %he transfera0le electric power and the efficienc. of !agnetic asse!0lies with large air gaps can 0e considera0l. i!pro ed 0. using higher trans!ission fre,uencies in the range of se eral hundred =ilohert7" Contactless energ. trans!ission s.ste!s operate at resonance" 1ith a proper choice of the resonance capacitors on the pri!ar. and secondar. side, the contactless s.ste! represents an oh!ic load for the pri!ar. in erter" %herefore switching e ents ta=e place at 7ero current KBC*L without au6iliar. co!!utation ele!ents, which is an i!portant precondition for reaching higher trans!ission fre,uencies" Dor this application a special in erter was de eloped" %he phase-shifted controlled 0ridge at the pri!ar. side is e,uipped with &FG% and freewheeling *iC *chott=. diodes" Gecause of their ultra low re erse reco er. charge, the operation 0eha iour is !uch 0etter co!pared to fast *i diodes" %he different switching e ents of the in erter with freewheeling *iC *chott=. diodes are in estigated in detail" (n e6peri!ental arrange!ent transfers an electric power of l =1 through

an air gap of 300 !!" (t a 100 =M7 trans!ission fre,uenc. the o erall efficienc., including !agnetic and power electronic co!ponents, is greater than #0 H" [423] *" -e=hilef and N" (" Aahi!, "&!ple!entation of grid-connected photo oltaic s.ste! with power factor control and islanding detection," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 140$" (n approach to power factor control and islanding detection of a grid connected photo oltaic s.ste! using Dield )rogra!!a0le Fate (rra. KD)F(L is proposed" %he proposed !ethod has 0een tested through different situations, including the loss of the utilit. suppl., and the de iation at the output of the in erter helps to detect islanding !ore effecti el." Mardware design was constructed to alidate the effecti eness of the approach proposed" '6peri!ental results ha e 0een chosen to show the effecti eness of the proposed techni,ue" [42#] *" -e=hilef, N" (" Aahi!, and (" -" 4!ar, "-odelling of three-phase unifor! s.!!etrical sa!pling digital pw! for power con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 34$$" ( !athe!atical approach of !odelling and anal.sing three-phase pulse width !odulation K)1-L is presented" %he three-phase fl.0ac= con erter re,uired a uni,ue pattern of )1- to opti!ise the power transfer in the !agnetic circuit used in the con erter" %he three-phase )1- is generated digitall. 0ased on unifor! s.!!etrical sa!pling techni,ue using Oilin6 chip" %he generated )1- pattern is a0le to reduce the low order of har!onic co!ponents present in the input (C suppl." (lthough software si!ulation could si!ulate the )1- pattern, it does not represent the e6act pattern as 0een generated digitall." %he !athe!atical approach used is to !odel the )1- pattern e6actl. as 0een created digitall." %he proposed !athe!atical techni,ue could also 0e used to anal.se an. digital )1-" %he result of the !athe!atical anal.sis on the )1- pattern could 0e used to stud. the characteristics of the pattern such as !a6i!u! and !ini!u! alue of dut. c.cle, pulse width, turn-on ti!e, turn-off ti!e and !odulation inde6" %o erif. the alidit. of the proposed techni,ue, the results o0tained fro! the !athe!atical !odel, e6peri!ental and si!ulation using )*pice were co!pared" [42$] (" -el=on.an and -" Merfurth, "Migh efficienc. rectifier 0ased on silicon car0ide single switch resonance reset forward con erter with 7 s-on condition," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 502" %his paper reports the first practical realisation of the 7ero oltage switching KB+*L condition in a *ingle *witch Aesonance Aeset Dorward con erter" )ower li!its in single switch topolog. are e6tended 0. introducing an application of the new *ilicon Car0ide switch K*iC CD'%L in the resonant reset con erter as a single ended counterpart to the !ulti-switch topologies in high power rectifiers" 40taining B+*-4N condition increases the efficienc. further!ore" (dditionall., paper e6plores the s.ste! i!pact of silicon car0ide power de ices in power con erters showing designers not onl. the technical 0enefits, 0ut also cost aspects" )roposed single switch resonant reset approach is gi en to utilise the se!iconductor de ices !ore efficientl., o0tain higher power densit., higher efficienc. and lower s.ste! costs" ( aria0le fre,uenc. control algorith! applied to !anage the proposed con erter and e6peri!ental results configuring the theoretical calculations finalise the paper" [430] )" C" -" -enega7, C" 8" D" +ieira, and >" *" 8" *i!onetti, "( 7 t dc-dc self resonant 0oost con erter with i!pro ed features," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1231" %his paper presents a B+% >C->C *elf-Aesonant Goost con erter that uses a !agnetic coupling to acco!plish the !ini!u! total losses point of the au6iliar. switch" &ts great ad antage is the o erall si7e reduction, 0ecause allows to reduce the au6iliar. switch heatsin= as well as the nu!0er of !agnetic co!ponents of the circuit, once the au6iliar. inductor is incorporated into the !ain one" %his fact also reduces the nu!0er of radiated '-& sources" ( design procedure and a design e6a!ple are presented,

as well as e6peri!ental results o0tained fro! a 5001, 120;300+9su0:>C9;su0:, 100=M7 protot.pe, confir!ing the operation of the proposed con erter and the 0enefits o0tained 0. its use" [431] C" -eng, 1" -a, and 8" Bhang, ">eter!ination of noise source and i!pedance for conducted e!i prediction of power con erters 0. lu!ped circuit !odels," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 302#" %his paper presents a si!ple and practical !ethod to deter!ine '-& noise source and i!pedance of power con erters" ( lu!ped circuit !odeling approach is proposed for descri0ing the conducted '-& coupling" %he infor!ation of the !odels can 0e anal.ticall. deduced fro! a circuit theoretical iewpoint (n e6peri!ental illustration is also gi en to erif. the alidit. of the proposed !ethod" %he procedure for esti!ating the para!eters of the !odels co!prises se eral !easure!ents and is con enient to i!ple!ent and shows ade,uate prediction of '-& feature in power con erters" [432] C" -ertens, C" Aud7=i, and A" *ittig, "%op-side chip contacts with low te!perature Ioining techni,ue KltItL," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 413#" Chip te!peratures a0o e 135<deg/C are a de!and for future power !odule applications" 8ow %e!perature Coining %echni,ue, 8%C%, shows e6cellent ther!al and !echanical characteristics" %he highl. relia0le Ioints sta. sta0le e en a0o e 300<deg/C although the Ioining process ta=es place at 230<deg/C" %hus 8%C% is currentl. in estigated for application in high te!perature electronics" 8%C% is =nown to wor= for large area Iunctions li=e for chip- or su0strate-!ount" %a=ing ad antage of its full perfor!ance would onl. 0e possi0le if 0oth sides of a chip were Ioined 0. a 8%C% !ethod" Mere a new de elop!ent on 8%C% is presented that e6pands its application to top-side chip contacts" %he new !ethod is 0ased on using a dispenser for the sil er powder application" %he new degree of freedo! in structuring Iunctions is presented, and the characteristics of the dot shaped contacts are in estigated" &t is shown that a wire0ond li=e contact s.ste! on the 0asis of 8%C% is practica0le and e6hi0its er. good !echanical strength up to 300<deg/C in addition to its well =nown e6cellent ther!al and electrical conducti it." %o su! up 8%C% can fulfil all re,uire!ents on a Ioining techni,ue for high te!perature !odule set-up" [433] C" -e.er, -" Moing, and A" 1" >e >onc=er, "No el solid-state circuit 0rea=er 0ased on acti e th.ristor topologies," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 255$" *olid-state circuit 0rea=ers K*CGL, 0ased on !odern high-power se!iconductors, offer enor!ous ad antages when co!pared to !echanical circuit 0rea=ers with respect to speed and life" Dor instance, the oltage ,ualit. during a short circuit is increased and therefore the fault current is reduced" >istortions caused 0. a three phase short can 0e reduced to a few 100 us, in contrast to so!e 100 !s achie ed with present technolog." -aIor draw0ac=s of all solutions for *CGs presented so far are !aterial costs and on-state losses" )ri!aril. 0ecause of these disad antages *CG s.ste!s ha e not undergone industrial reali7ation" Conse,uentl., new solutions should 0e de eloped which are !uch !ore cost effecti e and offer reduced on-state losses" %his paper presents a different conceptual approach 0ased on acti e th.ristor circuits and on au6iliar. circuits, which are of ut!ost i!portance for the design of such =ind of s.ste!s" &t has 0een shown that forced co!!utation circuits are a0le to turn-off short circuits in !ediu!- oltage grids acti el. and thus rapidl." %herefore, the o erall life-c.cle costs are reduced significantl." (fter a presentation of the *CG s.ste!, the critical design of the au6iliar. circuits will 0e discussed" %here will 0e a co!parison of one con entional and two new inno ati e circuits for charging the co!!utation capacitor" [434] -" -e7aro0a, >" C" -artins, and &" Gar0i, "( 7 s pw! three-phase in erter with acti e cla!ping techni,ue using the re erse reco er. energ. of the diodes," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 43#5" %his paper presents the anal.sis of a B+* )1- %hree-)hase &n erter with acti e oltage cla!ping techni,ue using the re erse reco er. energ. of the diodes to i!pro e the con erter efficienc." %he structure is particularl. si!ple and ro0ust" &t is er. attracti e for %hree )hase high power applications"

Conduction and co!!utation losses are reduced due to i!ple!entation of a si!ple acti e snu00er circuit that pro ides B+* conditions for all switches, including the au6iliar. one" &ts !ain features are: *i!ple control strateg., ro0ustness, lower weight and olu!e, lower har!onic distortion of the output current, and high efficienc." %he operation principle for stead.-state conditions, !athe!atical anal.sis and e6peri!ental results fro! a la0orator. protot.pe are presented" [435] G" -iao, A" Bane, and >" -a=si!o ic, "( !odified cross-correlation !ethod for s.ste! identification of power con erters with digital control," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 332#" Dor digitall. controlled switching power con erters, on-line s.ste! identification can 0e used to assess the s.ste! d.na!ic responses and sta0ilit. !argins" %his paper presents a !odified correlation !ethod for s.ste! identification of power con erters with digital control" G. inIecting a !ulti-period )seudo Aando! Ginar. *ignal K)AG*L to the control input of a power con erter, the s.ste! fre,uenc. response can 0e deri ed 0. cross-correlation of the input signal and the sensed output signal" Co!pared to the con entional cross-correlation !ethod, a eraging the cross-correlation o er !ultiple periods of the inIected )AG* can significantl. i!pro e the identification results in the presence of )AG*-induced artifacts, switching and ,uanti7ation noises" (n e6peri!ental digitall. controlled forward con erter with an D)F(-0ased controller is used to de!onstrate accurate and effecti e identification of the con erter controlto-output response" [432] -" -ichon, C" 8" >uarte, -" Mendri6, and -" F" *i!oes, "( three-port 0i-directional con erter for h.0rid fuel cell s.ste!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4332" %he i!ple!entation of a fuel cell;0atter. h.0rid s.ste! is proposed to i!pro e the slow transient response of a )'- fuel cell stac=" %his s.ste! can 0e used for an autono!ous de ice with ,uic= load ariations" ( suita0le three-port, gal anic isolated, 0i-directional power con erter is proposed to control the power flow" (n energ. !anage!ent !ethod for the proposed three-port circuit is anal.7ed and i!ple!ented" -easure!ents fro! a 5001 la0orator. protot.pe are presented to de!onstrate the alidit. of the approach" [433] '" M" -iliani, >" >epernet, C" -" Jauff!ann, and (" 8aca7e, "'6peri!ental control of !atri6 con erter for acti e generator," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2#$$" %he ai! of this paper is to design a control for a !atri6 con erter which interfaces a power generator to a passi e charge" -atri6 con erters, which are direct power electronic con erters, are a0le to pro ide i!portant 0enefits such as 0idirectional power flow and great potential for si7e reduction" 4n the other hand, the co!ple6it. of the !atri6 con erter topolog. !a=es the stud. and the deter!ination of suita0le control strategies a difficult tas=" ( !atri6 con erter is used as an alternati e concept to a oid the need for a gear0o6 upstrea! the generator in an electrical energ. production process" %his wor= also includes a real-ti!e control of the !atri6 con erter, control sche!e and e6peri!ental results are presented too" [43#] (" -iloudi, '" (" (l Aadadi, (" >raou, and 5" -iloud, "*i!ulation and !odelling of a aria0le gain pi controller for speed control of a direct tor,ue neuro fu77. controlled induction !achine dri e," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 34$3" %his paper presents an original aria0le gain )& K+F)&L controller for speed control of a direct tor,ue neuro fu77. controlled K>%NDCL induction !otor dri e" Dirst, a +F)& speed controller is designed to replace the classical )& controller in a con entional direct tor,ue controlled induction !otor dri e" &ts si!ulated perfor!ances are then co!pared to those of a classical )& controller" %hen, a direct tor,ue neuro fu77. control K>%NDCL for a oltage source )1- in erter fed induction !otor dri e is presented" %his control sche!e uses the stator flu6 a!plitude and the electro!agnetic tor,ue errors through an adapti e ND

inference s.ste! K(ND&*L to generate a oltage space ector Kreference oltageL which is used 0. a space ector !odulator to generate the in erter switching states" &n this paper a new (ND&* structure is proposed" %his structure generates the desired reference oltage 0. acting on 0oth the a!plitude and the angle of its co!ponents" *i!ulation of the >%NDC induction !otor dri e using +F)& for speed control shows pro!ising results" %he !otor reaches the reference speed rapidl. and without o ershoot, load distur0ances are rapidl. reIected and ariations of so!e of the !otor para!eters are fairl. well dealt with" [43$] M" -iranda, +" Cardenas, C" )ere7, and C" Nune7, "( h.0rid !ultile el in erter for shunt acti e filter using space- ector control," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3541" &n this paper, a current acti e power filter using a h.0rid as.!!etric !ultile el in erter is presented and anal.7ed" %he control proposed is 0ased on a ector-control techni,ue, generating an opti!i7ed switching pattern" %he h.0rid !ultile el in erter increases the oltage le els nu!0er, reducing the har!onics associated to the co!!utation fre,uenc." %he h.0rid !ultile el in erter is structured 0. two cascaded-in erters, and the >C lin= oltage 0etween the stages has the relation 1:3, generating $ oltage le els" %he signal reference is generated using a ariant of the single-phase d-, %heor., allowing a fast transient response and sta0ilit." *i!ulated wa efor!s pro e the ia0ilit. of the control sche!e and the !ultile el acti e current filter proposed" [440] C" -iret, 8" F" >e +icuna, -" Castilla, C" Cru7, and C" -" Fuerrero, "( si!ple sliding !ode control of an acti e power filter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1052" &n this paper a si!ple sliding !ode control for a single-phase acti e power filter, using the ,uasi-stead.-state approach is proposed" %he proposed control a oids the use of an analog !ultiplier and the sensing of the source oltage, 0oth re,uired for pre ious control !ethods" %he sliding !ode control designed allows us to co!pensate the har!onic distortion and phase displace!ent of the line current using onl. operational a!plifiers, analog switches and a flip-flop" %he proposed control is suita0le for analog i!ple!ented low cost acti e filters" %he !ain goals of the proposed control are a low total har!onic distortion, high ro0ustness under e6ternal distur0ances, and a good d.na!ic response" [441] A" -ito a, C" C" Cre0ier, 8" (u0ard, and C" *chaeffer, "&ntegrated dri er suppl. with Ifet as a "linear" regulator," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4123" Nowada.s -4*D'% co!ponents are widel. used in power con erters" %he. are su0Iected to increasing re,uire!ents: electrical perfor!ances, integration, s!aller olu!e and price" %he integration process offers the possi0ilit. to reduce the price and the olu!e of these de ices and in the sa!e ti!e to add so!e useful functionalities li=e sensors for protection and control" %his paper presents a solution to integrate the gate dri er suppl." %he !ain ad antage is the energetic autono!. of these de ices" %his is a parallel circuit that will ta=e the energ. a aila0le across the power switch while it is in the 4DD-state" %his circuit contains a CD'% and one storage capacitor" %he triode-li=e CD'% characteristics per!it to use it li=e a regulator of the self-suppl. circuit" 1e present the possi0le integration of CD'% with the !ain power switch K-4*D'%L" %he two de ices are integrated within the sa!e die/ the. share the sa!e oltage ter!ination and follow the sa!e technological process" %he circuit anal.sis of the structure is pro ided using nu!erical si!ulations" [442] '" >" -itroni=as and (" N" *afacas, "( h.0rid sensorless stator-flu6 oriented control !ethod for induction !otor dri es," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 34#1" &n the proposed paper, an i!pro ed sensorless ector control !ethod for induction !otor dri e s.ste!s is presented" %he proposed !ethod is 0ased on a co!0ined heuristic flu6 o0ser er, which is designed especiall. for low speed operation, for a wide ariet. of load conditions" ( closed-loop flu6 o0ser er is achie ing precise flu6 esti!ation for the load condition, while another o0ser er is capa0le for low or no-load operation in the low speed range, without ha ing the drift pro0le!s of the con entional

o0ser ers" Co!0ining the two o0ser ers results to an opti!i7ed o0ser er, which o0tains precise flu6 esti!ation in the low-speed range" Gased on this, a direct stator-flu6-oriented ector control !ethod is i!ple!ented" &n addition, sensorless speed control of the induction !otor is achie ed using a speed o0ser er 0ased on the -odel Aeference (dapti e *che!es theor. and an opti!all. tuned speed controller" &n the current wor=, the principle of operation of the closed-loop o0ser er, as well as operation pro0le!s occurring at low and 7ero-load are discussed" &n the need of efficient operation at 7ero-load, another o0ser er is introduced" %he two o0ser ers are co!0ined and the resulting o0ser er is presented" %he operation and efficienc. of the proposed !ethod is in estigated using the si!ulation and then e6peri!ental proof is o0tained, where characteristic results are shown" [443] 4" (" -oha!!ed, *" 8iu, and B" 8iu, "( phase aria0le p! !achine !odel for integrated !otor dri e s.ste!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4#25" %his paper introduces a ph.sical phase aria0le !odel of )- s.nchronous !achines as well as its practical i!ple!entation in *i!ulin=" %he rotor position dependence of stator winding inductances is calculated 0. energ. V pertur0ation !ethod using nonlinear transient D' solutions" %he ariation of the flu6 lin=age contri0uted 0. per!anent !agnets is o0tained fro! nonlinear transient D' anal.sis as well" %he cogging tor,ue is e aluated and ta=en into account" (n adIusta0le inductance co!ponent is constructed for 0uilding such a ph.sical phase aria0le !odel in *i!ulin=" %he perfor!ance of the ph.sical phase aria0le !odel is co!pared with the results fro! the d,-!odel and the full D' !odel of !achines" %he ph.sical phase aria0le !odel pro ides the sa!e si!ulation results co!pared with the D' !odel at !uch faster si!ulation speed" &!ple!entation results of integrated dri e si!ulation e6a!ples using the ph.sical phase aria0le !odel are presented" [444] *" -oissee , 5" &shiga!i, J" *oshin, and -" Na=ao=a, "%apped inductor filter-assisted soft-switching pw! dc-dc power con erter with high fre,uenc. transfor!er lin= for auto!oti e ac power suppl.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 12#$" %his paper presents a no el oltage source full-0ridge t.pe soft-switching phase-shift )1controlled >C->C power con erter with a high fre,uenc. transfor!er lin=, which can operate under B+* transition of leading 0ridge leg and BC* transition of lagging 0ridge leg" %his power con erter can 0e used as power conditioner for s!all-scale solar photo oltaic cell and fuel cell power generation s.ste!s and isolated step-up >C->C power con erter for auto!oti e (C power suppl." %he full-0ridge circuit topolog. with a high fre,uenc. step-up transfor!er !a=es possi0le to appl. low oltage high perfor!ance -4*D'%s in order to achie e high efficienc. processing of the >C->C power con ersion" %he tapped inductor filter including a freewheeling diode is i!ple!ented in the output stage of the proposed softswitching >C->C power con erter to perfor! soft-switching phase-shift )1- high fre,uenc. operation for wide load ariation ranges" -oreo er, in the proposed >C->C power con erter circuit, the circulating currents are effecti el. !ini!i7ed without adding acti e au6iliar. ,uasi-resonant snu00er circuit with power switching de ices" %he practical effecti eness of the proposed soft-switching >C->C power con erter is erified on the 0asis of e6peri!ental setup" [445] +" F" -onopoli, >" Ferr., )" Banchetta, C" C" Clare, and )" 1" 1heeler, "( low fre,uenc. predicti e current control for !ultile el acti e rectifiers," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3553" &n this paper a new low fre,uenc. predicti e current control is proposed for a single phase cascaded M0ridge !ultile el rectifier" %he control !ethod has 0een full. in estigated with theoretical anal.sis, si!ulation and e6peri!ents on a la0orator. protot.pe with fi e seriesconnected M-0ridges" Mowe er the anal.sis and techni,ue is alid for an. general N-le el structure" %he si!ulations and e6peri!ental results presented de!onstrate the e6cellent perfor!ance of the predicti e control in ter!s of ac current wa efor! ,ualit., power factor and reduced switching fre,uenc. of each 0ridge in co!parison to traditional )& 0ased control sche!es" [442] C" C" -ontano, (" 8ope7, C" Futierre7, -" Castilla, >" Gorras, and C" C" Gra o, ")ower ,ualit. factor and

line-distur0ances !easure!ents in three-phase s.ste!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 30#4" ( )ower @ualit. -eter K)@-L is presented for !easuring, as a first o0Iecti e, a single indicator, designated power ,ualit. factor K)@DL, in the range 0etween 7ero to one, which integrall. reflect the power transfer ,ualit. of a general three phase networ= feeding un0alanced nonlinear loads" )@D definition is 0ased on the anal.sis of functions in the fre,uenc. do!ain, separating the funda!ental ter!s fro! the har!onic ter!s of the Dourier series" %hen, ,ualit. aspects considered in the )@D definition can 0e calculated: aL the oltage and current har!onic le els 0L the degree of un0alance and cL the phase displace!ent factor in the different phases at the funda!ental fre,uenc." (s a second o0Iecti e, the )@has 0een designed for detecting, classif.ing and organi7es power line distur0ances" Dor !onitoring power line distur0ances, the )@- is configured as irtual instru!ent, which auto!aticall. classifies and organi7es the! in a data0ase while the. are 0eing recorded" %he t.pe of distur0ances includes: i!pulse, oscillation, sag, swell, interruption, under oltage, o er oltage, har!onics and fre,uenc. ariation" Dor a!plitude distur0ances Ki!pulse, sag, swell, interruption, under oltage and o er oltageL, the )@- per!its the !easure!ent of para!eters such as a!plitude, start ti!e and final ti!e" -easure!ent of har!onic distortion allows recording and isual presentation of the spectru! of a!plitudes and phases corresponding to the first 40 har!onics" *oftware tools use the data0ase structure to present su!!aries of power distur0ances and locate an e ent 0. se erit. or ti!e of occurrence" *i!ulated !easure!ents are included to de!onstrate the ersatilit. of the instru!ent" [443] A" -onteiro, G" Gorges, and +" (nunciada, "'!i reduction 0. opti!i7ing the output oltage rise ti!e and fall ti!e in high-fre,uenc. soft-switching con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1123" &n order to ensure the co!pati0ilit. 0etween de ices, se eral electro!agnetic co!pati0ilit. K'-CL standards specif. the !a6i!u! per!itted le els of radiated noise" %o co!pl. with these standards, hard switching power con erters need to use e6pensi e solutions, na!el. shielding, filtering techni,ues and snu00ers, 0ecause the oltages ha e low alues of rise and fall ti!es" %his fact leads into significant har!onic content at high fre,uencies" &n this case, the !ost cost effecti e wa. to deal with radiated noise is to reduce it at the source" ( wa. to achie e this goal is to i!pose !oderate alues of output oltage rise and fall ti!es" &n this paper it will 0e shown, theoreticall. and e6peri!entall., that the har!onic content at high fre,uencies can 0e significantl. reduced with a selection of a suita0le alue of oltage rise ti!e and fall ti!e" Gased on the stud. of a generic trape7oidal wa efor!, si!ple 0ut precise e,uations, that per!it to easil. e aluate the en elope of the fre,uenc. spectru!, are deri ed" %hese e,uations also per!it to anal.7e the i!portance and the influence of the rise and fall ti!es in the spectru! en elope" Dinall., with this si!ple anal.sis, it will 0e shown the influence of the alues of rise ti!e and fall ti!e in !ore co!ple6 wa efor!s, as the output oltage wa efor! of a high fre,uenc. c.clocon erter" %he alidit. of the theoretical anal.sis is confir!ed 0. e6peri!ental results" [44#] (" -onti, D" )onci, and %" 8o ett, "( pol.no!ial chaos theor. approach to the control design of a power con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4#0$" %his paper introduces the )ol.no!ial Chaos %heor. as a new approach for the design of the control of a power con erter" %han=s to the )ol.no!ial Chaos %heor. approach is possi0le to for!all. include para!eter uncertaint. in the design approach" Durther!ore the effects of the uncertainties can also 0e e aluated on a ti!e-do!ain si!ulation" %his paper introduces the !athe!atical 0ac=ground and then applies the theor. to the control of classical >C;>C con erter" Co!parison with classical control design approaches is also presented" [44$] C" *" -oo, 1" -" Chen, M" C" 5en, and -" '" 8ee, "'lectronic 0allast with progra!!a0le starting for rapid-start fluorescent la!ps," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 223$" ( single-stage high-power-factor electronic 0allast is de eloped to operate rapid-start

fluorescent la!ps with progra!!a0le starting" ( 0uc=-0oost con erter for power factor correction is e!0edded in the series resonant in erter as the single-stage configuration" %wo au6iliar. windings are added on the inductor of the 0uc=-0oost con erter for separatel. heating the la!p fila!ents" >uring the preheating stage, the resonant in erter re!ains idle to =eep the la!p oltage at 7ero and hence to eli!inate the glow current, while the 0uc=-0oost con erter is initiated to pro ide the fila!ent heating oltage" (fter the fila!ents ha e 0een preheated to an appropriate e!ission te!perature, the resonant in erter is acti ated to ignite the la!p and then operate it at the re,uired power" %he starting scenario is si!pl. acco!plished 0. fre,uenc. control" %o illustrate the operation of the proposed circuit, a protot.pe for dri ing the %#-321 la!p is designed, 0uilt and tested" [450] F" >" -oor and M" C" Geu=es, "-a6i!u! power point trac=ers for wind tur0ines," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2044" -a6i!u! power point trac=ing !ethods are presented where0. the loading on the wind tur0ine is controlled to ensure that the !a6i!u! a aila0le energ. fro! the wind is captured" %he wind tur0ine s.ste! is !odelled and used in si!ulations to e aluate two proposed !a6i!u! power point trac=ers, na!ed ane!o!eter control and calculation control for the purpose of this paper" (n additional analog s.ste! is also created where0. the co!plete wind tur0ine s.ste! can 0e si!ulated" (n in erter is used to replicate the generator and the loading is controlled using an acti e rectifier" %he results fro! the si!ulations and analog s.ste! are presented where0. the two trac=ers are shown to 0e close to ideal" %he appeal of the calculation !ethod is in the redundanc. of an ane!o!eter !a=ing it attracti e to less e6pensi e, s!all-scale s.ste!s" [451] D" -orand, O" 8in-*hi, C" -" Aetif, and (" -" 8lor, "&ndirect speed sensor for as.nchronous !achine," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3421" %his paper presents a new and si!ple approach for sensorless speed control of as.nchronous !achine" &t shows a self-contained electronic !odule which deter!ines the speed of the !achine with onl. two phase current !easure!ents" %hus, the speed calculation is independent on the !achine para!eters and on control laws/ this allows to design the control 0. considering the speed as an input" %he principle of the !ethod is 0ased on rotor slot har!onics without high fre,uenc. inIection" &n fact, the rotor slot har!onics depend on rotor speed" %hese signals appear in the statorEs spectru! with er. low a!plitude, in particular for a !otor with s=ewed rotor slots" -oreo er, the har!onics !o e with stator fre,uenc." (n analog adapti e 0and pass filter follows and a!plifies this har!onics" (s the response ti!e is high at low speed, a digital algorith! is included in the !icrocontroller in order to decrease the response ti!e" %he proposed indirect speed sensor re,uires onl. so!e classical analog co!ponents and a low cost !icrocontroller" ( short ti!e cali0ration is necessar. for the first start ti!e of the in erter and the !otor" '6peri!ental results on a testing 0ench with different speed 0ench!ar=s are presented" [452] *" (" -ussa and M" G" -ohr, "%hree-phase digital pll for s.nchroni7ing on three-phase;switch;le el 0oost rectifier 0. dsp," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 325$" %his article presents the stud. and i!ple!entation of a three-phase three-le el preregulator rectifier with digital control using a >*)" ( s.nchroni7ing circuit K>)88 - >igital )hase 8oc=ed 8oopL trac=s continuousl. the funda!ental fre,uenc. of the s.ste! oltage" %his digital )88 circuit deter!ines the fre,uenc. and phase angle of the funda!ental positi e-se,uence co!ponent of the !easured signals to the phase oltages" %he con erter structure has a co!!on capaciti e center point that allows the three-le el operation and a low 0loc=ing- oltage stress on the power switches Khalf of delin= oltageL" %he reduction of 0loc=ing oltage allows the use of low cost and low losses power de ices, increasing the efficienc. and the power densit. with reduced production cost" %he control techni,ue used ai!s to o0tain power factor correction K)DCL, regulated and 0alanced output oltages" 1ith the ad ance of >*) controllers, digital control is increasingl. used in power con erts s.ste!s and offers a nu!0er of ad antages li=e !ore fle6i0ilit. in !odification code and less sensiti e to noise" Mowe er, sa!pling ti!e dela., resolution of (;> con erter, word length of >*) and instructions c.cle ti!e are disad antages o er analog control"

Nowada.s, control opti!i7ed >*)Es deli er high perfor!ance, great code efficienc. and opti!al peripheral integration for the digital control with high le el on-chip integration to deli er s.ste! cost reduction, and powerful co!putational a0ilities that ena0le software inno ation then reducing disad antages of a digital control" %he >*) used is the (>-C401 fro! (N(84F >'+&C'*" [453] *" -usu!eci, A" )agano, (" Aaciti, F" Gel erde, (" -agri, -" -elito, and D" Bara, "New pac=aging concepts and ph.sics-0ased si!ulation approach for low- oltage power !osfets lead to perfor!ance i!pro e!ent in ad anced dc-dc con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1531" %his paper deals with the design opti!i7ation of a strip-0ased low- oltage power -4*D'% de oted to s.nchronous rectifier applications" G. perfor!ing e6hausti e characteri7ations and accurate process si!ulations 0ased on a two-di!ensional !odel of the power -4*D'% structure, opti!i7ation of the !ain electrical static and d.na!ic characteristics has 0een achie ed in order to satisf. the application re,uire!ents" %he -4*D'% structure is 0ased on a strip geo!etr. la.out, which allows reaching an e6cellent trade-off 0etween the on-resistance and the gate charge in co!parison with other !odern technologies" (d anced !i6ed-!ode si!ulations ha e 0een e6ploited to deri e the opti!al design of -4*D'% de ices loo=ing for the application in oltage regulator !odules" &n order to confer alidit. to the si!ulation approach adopted in this paper, an e6peri!ental anal.sis has 0een carried out to e aluate the le el of i!pro e!ent achie ed on the con erter perfor!ances" >iscussion of the ther!al 0eha ior is done as well" [454] *" -usunuri and )" 8" Chap!an, "Da0rication and characteri7ation of pd!a inductors," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4420" &ntegration of inductors onto a silicon chip is the !ain challenge in reali7ing !onolithic dc-dc con erters" )lanar spiral inductors can 0e fa0ricated with top !etal la.er of an. standard C-4* &C process" %hese inductors ha e high series resistance due to low thic=ness of the !etal la.er" (s the series resistance of inductor is directl. related to con erter efficienc., a custo! process is to 0e de ised in order to fa0ricate spiral inductors with higher !etal thic=ness" &n this paper, we present a -'-* 0ased process called )lastic >efor!ation and -agnetic (sse!0l. K)>-(L for fa0ricating inductors directl. on to silicon chip" 1e detail the =e. fa0rication steps in 0uilding these )>-( inductors" 1e also deri e e!pirical e6pressions for esti!ating inductance and series resistance of these )>-( inductors fro! !easured data" Dinall., we co!pare these inductors with planar spiral inductors and present the ad antages of using )>-( inductors in !onolithic dc-dc con erters" [455] )" -us7nic=i, C"-8" *chanen, G" (llard, and )" C" Chr7an, "(ccurate !odeling of la.out parasitic to forecast e!i e!itted fro! a dc-dc con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 23#" %his paper illustrates how to account for all parasitic due to the la.out of a power con erter Kinducti e and capaciti eL, in order to forecast 'lectro!agnetic &nterferences K'-&L" %he !ethod is generic, and is alidated here in the si!ple e6a!ple of a >C->C con erter, reali7ed on different technologies: &nsulated -etal *u0strate K&-*L, )rinted Circuit Goard K)CGL" &n addition, se eral la.outs aspects will 0e in estigated" Conclusions are gi en on the influence of la.out and all other co!ponents on '-&" [452] %" Na0eshi!a, %" *ato, *" 5oshida, *" Chi0a, and J" 4nda, "(nal.sis and design considerations of a 0uc= con erter with a h.steretic pw! controller," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1311" %his paper presents an anal.sis and design considerations of a 0uc= con erter with a h.steretic )1- controller consists onl. of a co!parator with a h.steresis" %he ra!p oltage superi!posed on the output is supplied the co!parator fro! a si!ple AC networ= connected in parallel to the inductor winding" %he stead.-state output oltage and the switching fre,uenc. are initiall. e6a!ined ta=ing the propagation dela. in the control circuit into account" Ne6t, the transfer functions of the output oltage for the input

oltage and the load current are anal.7ed" %he transient response of the output oltage for the step load change is also in estigated 0. using the state e,uation" Durther!ore, the design of the ti!e constant of AC networ= as a =e. para!eter is discussed" [453] *" Nagai, A" Na=anishi, 5" %uchi.a, %" (h!ed, and -" Na=ao=a, "%wo-switch au6iliar. resonant dc lin= snu00er-assisted three-phase -connection 7 s-pw! in erter with two ,uadrant 7 s-pw! chopper," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 43#0" %his paper is concerned with a no el proposal of the utilit. (C interacti e three-phase soft co!!utation sinewa e )1- power conditioner" %he protot.pe of this power conditioner is de eloped for solar photo oltaic power generation s.ste! and parallel processing ?)* with new t.pe 0atter. and super capacitor energ. storage de ices, which is co!posed of two ,uadrant soft switching )1- chopper with step-up and step-down oltage operating !odes, three-phase +-connection soft switching )1- in erter incorporating a single two-switch au6iliar. resonant >C lin= snu00er into one phase of three-phase 0ridge legs with di ided capacitors, and the three-phase utilit. (C power source grid" &n addition, the operating principle of the proposed power con ersion conditioning circuit and s.ste! including so!e uni,ue features is descri0ed and discussed, which is 0ased upon high-fre,uenc. soft switching sinewa e )1- sche!e" Durther!ore, the operating perfor!ances/ wa efor! ,ualit. and actual efficienc. of cost effecti e utilit. interacti e power con ersion conditioning and processing circuit treated here are e aluated and discussed on the 0asis of e6peri!ental data" [45#] -" Nagao, 5" DuIisawa, and J" Marada, "'fficienc. i!pro e!ent 0. fre,uenc. !odulation depending on load current for inductor co!!utation soft-switched pw! in erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3$3$" 'fficienc. of inductor co!!utation soft-switched )1- in erter is i!pro ed 0. fre,uenc. !odulation of the carrier signal" &n this paper we propose a no el D- techni,ue for !ore i!pro e!ent of the efficienc. and anal.7e the loss and efficienc. of the in erter" %hese results are erified e6peri!entall. and the effecti eness of D- is shown" [45$] C" *" Na!uduri, G" +" -urt., and -" F" Ae.nolds, "8oad du!p transient control of a 42 auto!oti e generator," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3#$" %his paper descri0es the concept, design, !odeling, si!ulation and perfor!ance of an inno ati e fast field regulator de eloped for a high-power 42+ auto!oti e generator, to !ini!i7e the loaddu!p energ. and i!pro e its relia0ilit." &n la0orator. tests, a 3=1 42+ 8undell generator, with con entional field regulator, failed the load-du!p transient test" %his research anal.7ed the root cause of the failure 0. anal.7ing the load-du!p energ., using *(G'A !odeling and si!ulation, which ha e 0een erified 0. tests" +arious concept alternati es for !ini!i7ing the load-du!p energ. ha e 0een identified and an inno ati e and cost-effecti e solution 0ased on fast field control was selected for de elop!ent of the proof-of-concept hardware" %he proposed techni,ue reduced the load-du!p transient duration 0. !ore than a factor of 5, resulting in a reduction of load-du!p energ. 0. !ore than 35H" %his eli!inated the need for paralleling !ultiple a alanche diodes in the alternator rectifier 0ridge to handle the transient energ., resulting in a s!aller pac=age and increased relia0ilit. at a lower cost" %he proposed fast field control can 0e further applied to !ini!i7e the load-du!p transients in all Gelted (lternator *tarters KG(*L that use a wound-field !achine" [420] O" Nan and C" A" *ulli an, "*i!plified high-accurac. calculation of edd.-current loss in round-wire windings," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #33" &t has recentl. 0een shown that the !ost co!!onl. used !ethods for calculating highfre,uenc. edd.-current loss in round-wire windings can ha e su0stantial error, e6ceeding 20H" )re ious wor= includes a for!ula 0ased on a para!etric set of finite-ele!ent anal.sis KD'(L si!ulations that gi es pro6i!it.-effect loss for a large range of fre,uencies, using the para!eters fro! a loo=up ta0le 0ased on winding geo!etr." 1e i!pro e the for!ula 0. decreasing the nu!0er of para!eters in the for!ula and

also, !ore i!portantl., 0. using si!ple functions to get the para!eters fro! winding geo!etr. such that a large loo=up ta0le is not needed" %he function we present is e6act in the low fre,uenc. li!it Kdia!eter !uch s!aller than s=in depthL and has error less than 4H at higher fre,uencies" 1e !a=e our new !odel co!plete 0. e6a!ining the field e6pression needed to get the total pro6i!it.-effect loss and 0. including the s=in-effect loss" 1e also present e6peri!ental results confir!ing the alidit. of the !odel and its superiorit. to standard !ethods" [421] (" Nasiri and (" '!adi, ">igital control of a three-phase series-parallel uninterrupti0le power suppl.;acti e filter s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4115" &n this paper, a new digital dead0eat controller is designed, i!ple!ented, and applied to a three-phase series-parallel line-interacti e ?ninterrupti0le )ower *uppl. K?)*L" %his topolog. consists of a parallel and a series con erter" &n this topolog., !ost of the power is supplied directl. fro! the (C line to the load" %herefore, the o erall efficienc. is higher than that of the on-line ?)*" %he controller adIusts the current of the parallel con erter and oltage of the series con erter and follows the reference with two and four sa!pling periods, respecti el." Current and oltage control of the s.ste! in different operating !odes are discussed" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental results are presented, which show the ia0ilit. of the proposed controller for this topolog." [422] C" Nesgaard and -" (" '" (ndersen, "4pti!i7ed load sharing control 0. !eans of ther!al relia0ilit. !anage!ent," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4$01" (s the de!and for relia0le power s.ste!s co!prised of parallel-connected con erter units continue to increase the need for opti!i7ed load sharing techni,ues rises accordingl." %his fact is e!phasi7ed 0. a power s.ste! !ini!i7ation trend that tends to shrin= the a aila0le )CG area set aside for the power s.ste!" %hese contradicti e trends feed the research in topics such as ad anced ther!al !anage!ent and d.na!ic ther!al !anage!ent" &!ple!entation of the latter topic usuall. re,uires the use of co!plicated controllers that continuousl. !onitors the ther!al wor=ing en iron!ent and =e. co!ponents within the s.ste!" &f the ther!al stress e6ceeds preset li!its the controller react according to a predeter!ined se,uence to !ini!i7e the da!aging effects of e6cessi e ther!al stress" %his paper co!0ines the d.na!ic ther!al !anage!ent with the load sharing" &t is here0. effecti el. ensured that the parts count is =ept to a !ini!u! while pro iding a d.na!ic opti!i7ation of para!eters such as a erage and a0solute s.ste! te!peratures as well as o erall s.ste! relia0ilit." %he latter aspect is achie ed 0. redistri0uting the current throughput of each con erter, which in turn results in e,ual ther!al conditions as opposed to well=nown and widel. used current sharing techni,ueEs intent to esta0lish e,ual currents" [423] %" C" Neuge0auer and >" C" )erreault, ")arasitic capacitance cancellation in filter inductors," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3102" %his paper introduces a techni,ue for i!pro ing the high-fre,uenc. perfor!ance of filter inductors and co!!on-!ode cho=es 0. cancelling out the effects of parasitic capacitance" %his techni,ue uses additional passi e co!ponents to inIect a co!pensation current that cancels the parasitic current, there0. i!pro ing high-fre,uenc. filtering perfor!ance" %wo i!ple!entation approaches for this techni,ue are introduced" %he first i!ple!entation achie es cancellation using an additional s!all winding on the filter inductor and a s!all capacitor" %his approach is effecti e where er. high coupling of the windings can 0e achie ed or where onl. !oderate perfor!ance i!pro e!ents are re,uired" %he second i!ple!entation utili7es a s!all AD transfor!er in parallel with the filter inductor to inIect cancellation currents fro! the co!pensation capacitor" %his techni,ue re,uires an additional co!ponent Kthe transfor!erL, 0ut can pro ide a high degree of cancellation" '6peri!ental results confir! the theor. in 0oth i!ple!entations" [424] (" Ni=olic and G" Ceftenic, "*peed sensorless direct tor,ue control i!ple!entation in a current source in erter fed induction !otor dri e," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2#43"

&n the paper one speed sensorless direct tor,ue control K>%CL i!ple!entation in a current source in erter KC*&L fed induction !otor dri e is proposed" >%C of a C*& fed induction !otor dri e in ol es the direct control of the rotor flu6 lin=age and the electro!agnetic tor,ue 0. appl.ing the opti!u! current switching ectors" Dor sensorless control of the dri e, an i!pro ed esti!ator is applied using stator oltages and currents" %he stator current, oltage and resistance are not !easured, 0ut deter!ined 0. a reconstruction fro! >C lin= !easure!ents and the in erter switches states" %his reduces the count of the sensors in the dri e since the inputs for the flu6 esti!ator are reconstructed !otor oltage and current o0tained fro! the !easured >C lin= alues" %he offset of the pure integrator in the flu6 esti!ator is co!pensated 0. a e!s offset esti!ator using si!ple techni,ue 0ased on the =nowing states of the in erter switches" %he angle of the rotor flu6 space ector, needed for the switching ta0le, is deter!ined fro! the refered rotor flu6 alues and !otor para!eters used in the control algorith! are onl. the stator resistance and the transient inductance" '6peri!ents are pro ided to confir! the perfor!ance of the proposed control algorith!" [425] -" Ni=ra7, M" >eh0onei, and C" +" Na.ar, ">igital control of a oltage source in erter in photo oltaic applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3222" >igital control techni,ues are used to control a oltage source in erter in a photo oltaic s.ste!" ( digital signal processor is i!ple!ented in the oltage source in erter which pro ides rapid !a6i!u! power point trac=ing through the control of the in erter output current" &n addition to this, the digital signal processor pro ides other necessar. s.ste! functions including calculation of the in erter switching instants used for current regulation and !a6i!u! power point trac=ing and s.nchroni7ation with the grid" %he s.ste! is presented as a full. operational unit and the inclusion of si!ulation results, anal.sis of the control i!ple!entation techni,ue and e6peri!ental erification e6hi0it the s.ste!Es functionalit." [422] J" Nishida and -" Na=ao=a, ">ead0eat current control with adapti e predictor for three-phase oltagesource acti e power filter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1010" %he paper is concerned with a dead0eat current control i!ple!entation of shunt-t.pe threephase acti e power filter K()DL" (lthough the one-di!ensional dead0eat control !ethod can attain ti!eopti!al response of ()D co!pensating current, one sa!pling period is actuall. re,uired for its settling ti!e" %his dela. is a serious draw0ac= for this control techni,ue" %o cancel such a dela. and one !ore dela. caused 0. >*) e6ecution ti!e, the desired ()D co!pensating current has to 0e predicted two sa!pling periods ahead" %herefore an adapti e predictor is adopted for the purpose of 0oth predicting the control error of two sa!pling periods ahead and 0ringing the ro0ustness to the dead0eat current control s.ste!" G. adding the adapti e predictor output as an adIust!ent ter! to the reference alue of half a source oltage period 0efore, settling ti!e is !ade short in a transient state" 4n the other hand, in a stead. state, %M> Ktotal har!onic distortionL of the utilit. grid side (C source current can 0e reduced as !uch as possi0le, co!pared to the case that ideal identification of controlled s.ste! could 0e !ade" [423] J" NishiIi!a, %" Na=ano, and J" Marada, "4n re!o ing of output filter of low oltage and high current dc;dc con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1#0#" %his paper presents a no el topolog. for re!o ing the output 8-C filter and the snu00er circuits to reali7e the fast output response and the high relia0ilit." &n this topolog., a flat >C output is o0tained 0. o erlapping of two phase oltage wa es produced 0. dual isolated-resonant-in erters" [42#] )" Niu, )" Chap!an, A" Aie!er, and O" Bhang, "' aluation of !otions and actuation !ethods for 0io!echanical energ. har esting," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2100" %his paper addresses energ. har esting fro! 0io!echanical !otions" *uch a techni,ue is useful for powering s!all porta0le de ices, such as wireless phones, !usic pla.ers, and digital assistants"

Dor er. low power de ices, 0io!echanical energ. !a. 0e enough to pro ide 0aseload power" &n others, such as cell phones Kwhich t.picall. re,uires up to 3 1L, 0io!echanical energ. would recharge 0atteries for e6tended use 0etween line charges, or allow for pea= Iust-in-ti!e power" &n this paper, we consider se eral 0io!echanical !otions for power generation" 1e e aluate actuation !ethods, including !agnetic, pie7oelectric, electrostatic, and electrical pol.!ers for arious !otions in ter!s of energ., power, !ass, and cost" 1e also discuss the practical issues associated with each, especiall. in ter!s of the power electronics re,uired to connect the 0io!echanical sources to useful loads" [42$] M" >" NIiende, N" Drohle=e, and C" Goc=er, ">eri ation of integrated !agnetic co!ponents using reluctance and !athe!atical !odeling," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4#55" %hough the de!and for integrated !agnetic co!ponent is addressed in recent pu0lications, their generation is descri0ed using onl. ph.sicall. designed co!ponents at =e. design stages and a s.ste!atic approach is !issed" &n this contri0ution, a general deri ation procedure for integrated !agnetic co!ponents is outlined in arious steps of their e olution co!prising the connection con ersion fro! discrete to integrated !agnetic co!ponents, inductance !atri6 calculation, si!ulation and !easure!ent results" [430] *" Norrga, "(n e6peri!ental stud. of a soft-switched isolated ac;dc con erter without au6iliar. circuit," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2402" (n isolated (C;>C con erter topolog. incorporates a capaciti el. snu00ered oltage source con erter K+*CL and a c.clocon erter, coupled 0. a !ediu! fre,uenc. transfor!er" %he topolog. offers the possi0ilit. of 0ilateral power flow as well as three-le el pulse width !odulation on the (C side" &t is shown that 0. alternatel. co!!utating the +*C and the c.clocon erter it is possi0le to achie e either 7erooltage or 7ero-current switching conditions for all of the se!iconductor de ices in all points of operation" %his is the case without an. need for au6iliar. se!iconductor de ices" (t low load the transfor!er current !a. 0e insufficient for recharging the +*C snu00er capacitors" &n this case howe er it is possi0le to utili7e the c.clocon erter for pro iding a current path 0. which a ,uasi-resonant co!!utation can 0e effected" %he design and operation of a 40 =+( protot.pe con erter s.ste! is descri0ed" &t is shown how the rather co!ple6 switching logic re,uired to i!ple!ent the chosen algorith! for co!!utation and !odulation can 0e reali7ed 0. using !odern progra!!a0le logic de ices KD)F(L" -easure!ent results fro! the protot.pe con erter are presented and anal.sed" %he !easure!ents indicate that the studied co!!utation algorith! wor=s well in practice" [431] (" No elli, 8" Fiussani, and &" Gello!o, "New generation of half 0ridge gate dri er ics for use with low power 3"3 control applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3233" *%-icroelectronics has recentl. e6panded their M+&Cs specificall. designed to 0e integrated into a ariet. of different platfor!s with se eral options to co er different re,uire!ents for industrial and appliance applications" %his new fa!il. has true 3"3+ co!pati0le logic inputs for use in low power control application KDig"1L" [432] -" Nowa=, C" Milde0randt, and )" 8uniews=i, "Con erters with ac transfor!er inter!ediate lin= suita0le as interfaces for supercapacitor energ. storage," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4023" %he paper considers a pro0le! of construction, control and design of con erters designed as interfaces 0etween supercapacitor energ. storage 0atter. with !a6i!al oltage not higher than 100 + and >C lin= with oltages corresponding to standard grid oltage Ko er 200 +L" %he !ain feature of this t.pe of con erters is the presence of an inter!ediate (C !ediu! fre,uenc. lin= with transfor!er per!itting the direct oltage fitting" %wo t.pes of the con erter are in estigated showing ad antages and disad antages of 0oth solutions" (s !ore pro!ising the solution with oltage t.pe inter!ediate >C lin= on low oltage side

has 0een anal.7ed and tested in details" %he !atching of >C capacitance with (C- stra. inductance together with proper phase s.nchroni7ation of >C power controlling con erter with (C lin= oltage per!it to o0tain a 0etter power factor of >C;(C;>C con erters and lower capacitor current, which i!pro ed efficienc. ensuring the good d.na!ic" %he in estigation of the con erter circuit and its control is done with the use of e6act si!ulation !odel and erified on la0orator. 0ench with -4* and &FG% con erters and ferrite core transfor!er" [433] C" +" A" Nunes, A" (" -" Graga, D" G" 8i0ano, and *" 8" -uller, "&!ple!entation of a didactic structure for power h.0rid filtering s.ste!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1031" %his paper presents the i!ple!entation of an educational tool for power h.0rid filtering s.ste!s, pro iding the possi0ilit. of anal.sis containing passi e, acti e, and h.0rid filter topologies" &n addition, this educational structure also allows the de elop!ent and the test of arious control strategies for the acti e filter in real-ti!e" [434] C" +" A" Nunes, A" (" -" Graga, D" G" 8i0ano, and *" 8" -uller, "( linear displace!ent power factor co!pensator," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" $51" Nowada.s, the consu!er of energ. has the concern in operating with a alue of power factor inside of a alue stipulated 0. the energ. concessionaries" &t is =now that the power factor is related with the displace!ent power factor and the total har!onic distortion" %he present wor= has as !ain o0Iecti e the de elop!ent and i!ple!entation of a linear co!pensator of displace!ent power factor o0Iectif.ing to attenuate the negati e i!pact traditionall. caused 0. the discrete control of the reacti e power at the funda!ental fre,uenc." &n this wor=, the i!ple!entation of a co!pensator is !ade using a static co!pensation structure of reacti e power K*tatic +ar Co!pensator - *+CL called %CA-DC K%h.ristor Controlled Aeactor - Di6ed CapacitorL" %he protot.pe of this =ind of *+C is co!posed 0. a fi6ed capacitor KDCL in parallel with a fi6ed reactor in series with a 0idirectional ac th.ristor al e Kor switchL K%CAL" %he proposed structure can 0e a single-phase or three-phase co!pensator" &n the three-phase configuration, the co!pensator can 0e connected in w.e or delta" %he de elop!ent of a linear control of reacti e power can sol e pro0le!s generated 0. the fre,uent switching of capacitor 0an=s and !a=es possi0le the d.na!ic co!pensation of the flow of reacti e power in the electrical s.ste!" [435] +" +" N" 40reIa, C" Codreanu, C" )odaru, J" &" Nuttall, and 4" Guiu, "%he operation te!perature of silicon power th.ristors and the 0loc=ing lea=age current," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2$$0" %.pical e6peri!ental 0loc=ing &-+ characteristics !easured fro! roo! te!perature up to high Iunction te!perature for co!!ercial th.ristors a aila0le on the !ar=et at this ti!e are presented" &t is shown that the surface peripheral lea=age current is a factor which pre ents operation a0o e 125 <deg/C" Durther reduction of the surface co!ponent of the off - state 0loc=ing lea=age current could ena0le relia0le operation of power th.ristors at higher Iunction te!perature of at least 150<deg/C" [432] %" 4gawa, J" Jondo, *" 1a=ao, and N" %erauchi, "%heoretical anal.sis of return current har!onics in the in erter-controlled dc electric railcar," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 311" %he har!onics of the return current !a. interfere with the signaling current along with the rails" &n order to in estigate the inde6 of the co!pati0ilit. with the signaling current, the theoretical in estigation of the return current har!onics is prefera0le rather than e6pensi e and ti!e consu!ing e6peri!ental stud." &n this paper, we present the theoretical studies of the return current har!onics with the as.nchronous t.pe two-step )1- in the in erter-controlled >C electric railcar, ai!ing at contri0uting future wor= to i!pro e the co!pati0ilit. with the signaling current" 1e anal.7e the return current har!onics 0. the following two !ethods" %he first one is to deri e theoreticall. the return current har!onics with the !otor current har!onics appro6i!ation" %he second one is to si!ulate nu!ericall. a

traction circuit including a in erter and a !otor, in order to erif. theoreticall. deri ed return current" Co!paring the 0oth results, we concluded the theoretical return current is enough accurate to 0e utili7ed for the future i!pro e!ent of in erter har!onics current" [433] J" 4gura, %" Nishida, '" Mira=i, -" Na=ao=a, and *" Nagai, "%i!e-sharing 0oost chopper cascaded dual !ode single-phase sinewa e in erter for solar photo oltaic power generation s.ste!," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4323" %his paper presents a no el protot.pe circuit topolog. and control sche!e of a high efficienc. ti!e-sharing dual !ode single-phase sinewa e )1- in erter for s!all scale solar )+ power generation s.ste!, which is co!posed of partiall. controlled sinewa e a0solute )1- 0oost chopper in the first power processing stage as well as partiall. controlled sinewa e )1- in erter in the second power processing stage" &ts uni,ue operating principle of two power processing stage with ti!e-sharing dual !ode sinewa e !odulation strateg. is descri0ed in addition to a design e6a!ple" Dinall., this new conceptual single-phase sinewa e )1- in erter related to solar )+ power generation s.ste! suita0le for residential application is e aluated and discussed on the 0asis of co!puter si!ulation and e6peri!ental results" %he effecti eness of proposed in erter is pro ed fro! a practical point of iew" [43#] &"-M" 4h, "%he 7ero- oltage-switching parallel-resonant dc lin= KprdclL in erter with !ini!i7ed conduction loss," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 131#" %his paper presents a )arallel-Aesonant >C 8in= K)A>C8L circuit for soft switching !ain power de ices with a single au6iliar. power de ice for low conduction loss in single or three-phase in erter and con erter applications" %he proposed resonant networ= with one au6iliar. power de ice is acti ated whene er it is needed to change the status of power de ices connected to a >C lin=" %he proposed resonant networ= is designed to force the >C lin= oltage to drop to 7ero 0efore an. power de ices in the >C lin= are turned on" %he au6iliar. switch in the proposed resonant networ= is also turned on in a Bero-+oltage*witching KB+*L condition" %herefore, the switching losses caused in all power de ices in a full-0ridge con erter and resonant circuit can 0e effecti el. eli!inated" &n addition, there is no conduction loss in the au6iliar. power de ice 0ecause the resonant circuit is not acti ated if there is no status change in the power de ices connected in the >C lin=" Durther!ore, the resonant swing oltage in the >C lin= is well restricted within a predefined oltage le el so that the re,uired oltage rating of all power de ices in the >C lin= is nicel. constrained" %he detailed !odes of operation and e6peri!ental results are pro ided to erif. the operation" [43$] 1" *" 4h, J" -" Cho, C" G" Ceong, and M" C" Ji!, "( new control !ethod for the high fre,uenc. electronic 0allast," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 12#2" %his paper presents a new control !ethod for the high fre,uenc. electronic 0allast which is operated with half 0ridge resonant in erter con erting raw rectified >C to (C" Dor the co!!ercial electronic 0allast, proper (C input power factor and crest factor of the la!p current are re,uired" %he !ost 0allast, therefore, has a acti e or passi e power factor correction K)DCL circuit" 1ith the proposed !ethod, it can 0e achie ed si!ultaneousl. that greater than 0"$1 of input power factor and less than 1"# of la!p current crest factor without an. )DC circuit" &n this paper, the proposed 0allast control sche!e is descri0ed and in order to erif. the alidit. of proposed sche!e, the e6peri!ental results for the application to the fluorescent la!p are discussed" [4#0] 1"-*" 4h, *"-J" Man, *"-1" Choi, and F"-1" -oon, "%hree phase three-le el pw! switched oltage source in erter with 7ero neutral point potential," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4405" ( new three phase three-le el )ulse 1idth -odulation K)1-L *witched +oltage *ource K*+*L in erter with 7ero neutral point potential is proposed" &t consists of three single-phase in erter !odules and each !odule is co!posed of switched oltage source and in erter switches" %he !aIor ad antage is that the pea= alue of the phase output oltage is twice as high as that of the con entional neutral-point-cla!ped

KN)CL )1- in erter" %hus, the proposed in erter is suita0le for application with low oltage source such as 0atter., fuel cell, and solar cell" Durther!ore, three-le el wa efor!s of the proposed in erter can 0e achie ed without switch oltage un0alance pro0le!" *ince the a erage neutral point potential of the proposed in erter is 7ero, the co!!on ground 0etween input stage and output stage is possi0le" %herefore, it can 0e applied to transfor!er-less )ower Conditioning *.ste! K)C*L" %he proposed in erter is erified 0. the )*pice si!ulation and e6peri!ental results 0ased on a la0orator. protot.pe" [4#1] *" 4hashi, "8e itation characteristics of the !agneticall. le itated con e.ance s.ste! using two phase linear !otor," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1##1" %he !agneticall. le itated con e.ance s.ste!s ha e 0een de eloped" -ost s.ste! consists of le itation Kand guidanceL and propulsion section" 1e ha e de eloped the con e.ance s.ste! that reali7es le itation and propulsion with single facilit. using two phase linear !otor" 8e itation profile with arious para!eters is !easured" Dro! the e6peri!ental results, it is shown this s.ste! reali7es contact-less con e.ance" (s we need onl. electrical power for D'% switching on the carrier side, power suppl. s.ste! for carrier is 0asicall. not needed" [4#2] %" 4hnishi, J" ?e=i, and -" MoIo, "*ource current detection control of acti e filter for pre enting current oscillation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" $25" Aecentl. parallel-connected-t.pe acti e filters ha e 0een de eloped for useful !ethod of har!onic current co!pensation" (uthors ha e de eloped the acti e filter which co!pensates the source current har!onics directl. 0. detecting the source current itself" Mowe er the acti e filter !a. cause oscillation 0. capacitors inserted as a power line filter or for power factor correction" %his paper proposes a control !ethod that the deri ati e of source current is e!plo.ed as an additional feed0ac= signal in order to pre ent this oscillation" Dirst, the transfer function of the power s.ste! with the acti e filter is deri ed" %he effecti eness of the !odified control s.ste! is discussed on the Gode diagra! of the open-loop transfer function" ( control gain of the feed0ac= loop is chosen as !atched with gi en s.ste! para!eters" %he designed acti e filter is erified 0. 0oth si!ulation and e6peri!ental studies" %he acti e filter was operated under 0oth no load and full load condition, and acco!plished desira0le co!pensation results without an. oscillation" %he transient characteristics of the acti e filter were also tested and achie ed good characteristics against sudden load changes" [4#3] +" 4leschu= and D" Glaa0Ierg, "*.nchroni7ed sche!e of continuous space- ector pw! with the real-ti!e control algorith!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1203" %his paper descri0es in details the 0asic peculiarities of a new !ethod of feedforward s.nchronous pulsewidth !odulation K)1-L of three-phase oltage source in erters for adIusta0le speed ac dri es" &t is applied to a continuous sche!e of oltage space ector !odulation" %he !ethod is 0ased on a representation of the pulse patterns as a function of the funda!ental and switching fre,uencies of the dri e s.ste!" (ccurate trigono!etric algorith!s of ector )1- ha e 0een anal.sed, and also co!pared with the alge0raic ones 0ased on linear appro6i!ation of the durations of acti e switching states fro! their position inside cloc=-inter als" &n order to pro ide s!ooth shoc=-less pulse-ratio changing and ,uarter-wa e s.!!etr. of the oltage wa efor!s, special s.nchronising signals are for!ed on the 0oundaries of the 20<deg/ cloc=-inter als" %he process of gradual transition fro! continuous to discontinuous s.nchronous )1- at higher alues of the funda!ental fre,uenc. has also 0een descri0ed" Aesults of anal.sis of the spectral characteristics of the output oltage of the in erter show ad antage of s.nchronous )1- in co!parison with con entional as.nchronous !odulation at low indices of the fre,uenc. ratio 0etween the switching and the funda!ental fre,uenc." *pecial attention has 0een gi en to the anal.sis and co!parison of the co!putational effecti eness of the proposed algorith!s of s.nchroni7ed !odulation" [4#4] (" A" 4li a, *" *" (ng, C" C" Galda, and M" F" Chiacchiarini, "Mar!onic distortion reduction in power in erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1222"

%he output oltage of )1- power in erters shows har!onic distortion due to se eral causes/ the !ain ones are the !odulation algorith!, nonlinearities due to the output filter, dead ti!es, oltage drops across the switches and !odulation of the dc 0us oltage" %he distortion is !ore e ident when using low dc 0us oltages" (s a result, !otors dri en 0. these in erters ha e i!portant tor,ue pulsations" %his wor= proposes to reduce the distortion produced 0. dead ti!es and oltage drops across the switches, using a si!ple algorith! that recalculates the width of each )1- pulse, preser ing the ideal area" %he algorith! ta=es ad antage of the fact that the dead ti!es are not alwa.s necessar., 0ut onl. when the load current changes its sign" G. si!ulation, the %M> was reduced fro! 1#H to 0"2$H in a single-phase in erter" %he proposed algorith! onl. needs products and su!s, so it is suita0le for 0eing i!ple!ented on a >*) with low processing load" '6peri!ental results were o0tained fro! a non-opti!i7ed la0orator. protot.pe, showing a reduction of the %M> fro! 13"$H to 0"5$H" [4#5] (" C" 4li eira, (" -" N" 8i!a, C" G" Caco0ina, and '" A" C" >a *il a, "'li!ination of the current tail effect in the sr! dri e with a three phase 0ridge," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 122#" %he utili7ation of three phase 0ridge in erters in the dri e of switched reluctance !achines has not 0een astl. in estigated [1][5], e en though it presents ad antages in ter!s of ph.sical !ounting and capa0ilit. of the de ices when applied to the dri e of switched reluctance !achines as co!pared to the as.!!etric half 0ridge [1], which is the !ost used in these dri es" %he 0road e6istence of topologies to dri e these !achines is a rele ant factor to the !inor interest in this structure, which was initiall. de eloped for ac dri es" (nother i!portant factor is the prolonged turn off ti!e of the !achine phases that is due to the operation of the in erter [1]" %his wor= proposes a !odification in the current control strateg. and in the connection structure of the windings of the !achine" %he e6peri!ental results o0tained with these !odifications show that it is possi0le to eli!inate the prolonged turn off ti!e without an increase in the co!ple6it. of the operation or in the structure of the s.ste!" [4#2] 4" 4ndel, '" Goutleu6, and )" +enet, "( decision s.ste! for electrol.tic capacitors diagnosis," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4320" 'lectrol.tic filter capacitors are fre,uentl. responsi0le for static con erters 0rea=downs" %he rise of te!perature within capacitor is the !ost significant factor upon ageing and so lifespan" %o predict the ageing of the capacitor, a !ethod of predicti e !aintenance has 0een de eloped" &t consists in !onitoring the oltage ripple of the capacitor" %his ripple is the 0est indicator of its worn state" &t is function of para!eters such as input oltage, output current and a!0ient te!perature" ( reference s.ste! ta=ing into account all these para!eters is deter!ined for sound capacitors" 1e will deduce that the dispersion of input oltage had a wea= influence upon oltage ripple co!pared to other para!eters such as output current and a!0ient te!perature" (nd precisel. the te!perature its 0eing an influent para!eter in the diagnosis, !easure!ent !ust 0e er. rele ant" %hat is wh. we will !easure the internal te!perature of capacitor which ta=es into account the a!0ient te!perature 0ut also the internal heating of capacitor" %his !easure!ent will 0e done in an en iron!ent not confined for not which is distorted" 1e will chec= then the rele ance of our !odifications 0. co!paring our results with the actual alues of the state of capacitors deduced using a 0ridge A8C" [4#3] -" 4ra0i, %" Nino!i.a, 5" &!ai, and M" Na=ago!e, "Ae iew of pre-regulator cc! 0oost pfc con erter d.na!ics li!its," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2314" )re-regulator )ower-Dactor-Correction is one of the !ost widel. used power con erter nowada.s" %here are !an. reasons for that" %he input current wa efor! is sinusoidal and hence, the inIection of current har!onics to the line is er. low" %hus, co!pliance with international regulation li=e &'C 21000-3-2 and &''' 51$ is al!ost sure for the whole range of power le els e en if those regulations change in the future" 8inear anal.sis is used in )DC con erter design 0ased on choosing a high alue of the output capacitor" 4n the other hand, recentl., the authors ha e detected a low-fre,uenc. insta0ilit. in preregulator )DC con erter at !ediu! output capacitor alues that esta0lished a new d.na!ic regions" &n

this issue, a re iew of the whole operating condition of the )DC con erter is discussed" %hree sta0le regions are highlighted as a different option of d.na!ic operating and an accurate co!passion is introduced" (lso, insta0ilit. and high distorted regions are !ade clear" ( protot.pe !odel is e6a!ined e6peri!entall. to assure this stud. and reflect a good agree!ent 0etween the!" [4##] *" 4rts, *" *egui, D" C" Fi!eno, -" (lcani7, and A" -asot, "-odelling and si!ulation of three phase power acti e co!pensator with !atla0;si!ulin=," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 31#2" %his paper present the !odelling and si!ulation of three phase co!pensator s.ste!s using state space representation and its i!ple!entation 0. !eans of -atla0;*i!ulin= si!ulation software" Co!0ining these powerful !odels with so!e -atla0 functions it is possi0le to o0tain the ideal si!ulation platfor! for these s.ste!s" (pplication e6a!ples including !odelling and control si!ulations of four wire co!pensator s.ste!s for significant cases of un0alanced loads are presented" [4#$] A" 4sorio, -" )once, and -" (" 4li er, "*i!plified ther!al-electric d.na!ic !odel for hid la!ps," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2313" %his paper presents a d.na!ic !odel for M&> la!ps/ the !odel is 0ased on ther!al and electric principles" %he !odel considers that the conducti it. of the plas!a inside the la!p depends of the heat flow fro! the inside of the la!p to outside" %he heat flow of the la!p has an analog. with electrical circuits with resistors and capacitors" %his capacitors and resistors represent the ther!al 0eha ior of the la!p and can 0e used to predict the d.na!ic of the la!p and their sta0ilit." %his !odel is used to sta0ili7e the la!p when it is fed with s,uare wa efor!s" Durther!ore, this !odel can 0e i!ple!ented in software as ")*pice", "*i!non" or "-(%8(G"" [4$0] %" -" 4E*ulli an, N" *chofield, and C" -" Gingha!, "*aw tor,ue transducers for distur0ance reIection and trac=ing control of !ulti-inertia ser o-dri e s.ste!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 453#" %he paper proposes a resonance ratio control KAACL techni,ue for the coordinated !otion control of !ulti-inertia !echanical s.ste!s, 0ased on the !easure!ent of shaft tor,ue ia a *(1-0ased tor,ue sensor" Durther!ore, a new controller structure, AAC plus distur0ance feed0ac= is proposed, which ena0les the controller to 0e designed to independentl. satisf. trac=ing and regulation perfor!ance" ( tuning !ethod for the AAC structure is gi en 0ased on the &%(' inde6, nor!ali7ed as a function of the !echanical para!eters ena0ling a direct perfor!ance co!parison 0etween a 0asic proportional and integral K)&L controller" %he use of a reduced-order state o0ser er is presented to pro ide a d.na!ic esti!ate of the loadside distur0ance tor,ue for a !ulti-inertia !echanical s.ste!, with an appraisal of the co!posite closedloop d.na!ics" &t is shown that the integrated for!ulation of the tuning criteria ena0les lower 0andwidth o0ser ers to 0e i!ple!ented with a corresponding reduction in noise and co!putational load" %he control structures are e6peri!entall. alidated ia a purpose designed test facilit. and de!onstrate significant i!pro e!ent in d.na!ic trac=ing perfor!ance, whilst additionall. reIecting periodic load side distur0ances, a feature pre iousl. unrealisa0le e6cept 0. other, high-gain control sche!es that i!pose s!all sta0ilit. !argins" [4$1] G" 47pineci, 8" -" %ol0ert, and C" N" Chiasson, "Mar!onic opti!i7ation of !ultile el con erters using genetic algorith!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3$11" &n this paper, a genetic algorith! KF(L opti!i7ation techni,ue is applied to !ultile el in erter to deter!ine opti!u! switching angles for cascaded !ultile el in erters for eli!inating so!e higher order har!onics while !aintaining the re,uired funda!ental oltage" %his techni,ue can 0e applied to !ultile el in erters with an. nu!0er of le els/ as an e6a!ple in this paper, a 3-le el in erter is considered, and the opti!u! switching angles are calculated offline to eli!inate the 5th and the 3th har!onics" %hen, these angles are used in an e6peri!ental setup to alidate the results"

[4$2]

G" 47pineci, 8" -" %ol0ert, and B" >u, "4pti!u! fuel cell utili7ation with !ultile el in erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 43$#" *tatic characteristics of fuel cells show !ore than a 30H difference in the output oltage 0etween no-load to full-load conditions" %his ine ita0le decrease, which is caused 0. internal losses, reduces the utili7ation factor of the fuel cells at low loads" (dditionall., the con erters fed 0. these fuel cells ha e to 0e derated to acco!!odate higher input oltages at low currents" %o increase the utili7ation of fuel cells and to a oid derating of se!iconductors, this paper proposes a le el reduction control using a !ultile el in erter" 8e el reduction is done 0. inhi0iting a certain nu!0er of fuel cells when the load current decreases" %he inhi0ited fuel cells can 0e used in other applications such as charging 0atteries to further increase their utili7ation and the efficienc. of the s.ste!"

[4$3]

-" )agano and 8" )iegari, "*upercapacitor fl.wheel for high power electroche!ical sources," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 31#" &n the paper it is discussed on the perfor!ances of an electroche!ical supercapacitor and 0atter. h.0rid power source for on-0oard applications" %he s.ste! is anal.ticall. represented 0. !eans of a dou0le ti!e scale !odel, which is e6peri!entall. alidated on a #0 + protot.pe using a pulsing load" Docusing on interrelations a!ong 0atter., supercapacitor and load, power pea=s, internal losses and lifec.cle issues are discussed with the ai! to define criteria and design directi es for 0atter. and supercapacitor integration in a co!pact and light s.ste!"

[4$4]

)" A" )al!er, 5" 1ang, -" (0u-Jhai7aran, and *" Dinne., ">esign of the acti e oltage controller for series ig0ts," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 324#" %his paper presents an in estigation into the sta0ilit. and perfor!acc of the (cti e +oltage Control K(+CL !ethod of gate dri e applied to &nsulated Fate Gipolar %ransistors K&FG%sL" %he anal.sis is perfor!ed using standard control theor. !ethods" +arious para!eters that affect the sta0ilit. of the feed0ac= s.ste! are in estigated using root locus plots" &t will 0e shown that the 0andwidths of arious ele!ents of the controller and the stra. inductances in the gate-e!itter circuitr. are influential" %his sets the design guidelines for i!pro ing the perfor!ance of the gate dri es and for designing the co!pensating controller" Dinall., e6peri!ental switching results fro! an &FG% switched with (+C using an opti!ised controller will 0e gi en and conclusions drawn"

[4$5]

B" 5" )an and D" 8" 8uo, "%ransfor!er 0ased resonant dc lin= in erter for 0rushless dc !otor dri e s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3#22" Grushless >C !otor has 0een widel. used in industrial applications 0ecause of its low inertia, fast response, high power densit., high relia0ilit. and !aintenance-free" &t is usuall. supplied 0. a hardswitching )1- in erter, which nor!all. has low efficienc. since the switching power losses across the switching de ices are high" &n order to reduce the losses, a lot of soft switching in erters ha e 0een designed" ?nfortunatel., there are !an. draw0ac=s, such as high de ice oltage stress, large >C lin= oltage ripple, co!ple6 control sche!e and so on" %his paper introduces a soft-switching in erter 0ased on transfor!er which can generate >C lin= oltage notches during chopping switches co!!utation to guarantee all switches wor=ing in 7ero oltage switching condition" %he operation principle and control sche!e of the in erter are anal.7ed" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental results are proposed to erif. the theoretical anal.sis"

[4$2]

>" )appis, -" 8" -achado, and A" N" )rado, "*elf-oscillating electronic 0allast with uni ersal input oltage range," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 25$" %his paper presents a si!ple alternati e of electronic 0allast operating in self-sustained oscillating !ode with possi0ilit. of uni ersal input oltage K$0+-240+L suppl.ing fluorescent la!ps" %he pro6i!all. constant la!p power is o0tained 0. changing the resonant filter gain through fre,uenc.

!odulation in according to the input oltage" ( oltage di isor supplies a control signal fro! the 0us oltage to a control circuit" %hus, this additional circuit interprets the 0us oltage alue, controlling the selfoscillating gate-dri er circuit switching fre,uenc." '6peri!ental results fro! one 40 1 fluorescent la!p are presented to de!onstrate the perfor!ance and the feasi0ilit. of the proposed s.ste!" [4$3] C" 1" )ar=, J" 1" 8ee, and M" C" 8ee, "Control of acti e power in a dou0l.-fed induction generator ta=ing into account the rotor side apparent power," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2020" Dor the de elop!ent of renewa0le energ., the control of acti e and reacti e power in a dou0l. fed induction generator was studied" ( control !ethod that ta=es into account the capacit. of electrical power con erter is proposed" (nd the control of acti e and reacti e power was erified 0. an e6peri!ent that applied a dual direction (C;>C;(C electrical power con erter to a 10=1 >D&F" [4$#] *" C" )ar=, G" G" Jang, C" )" 5oon, &" *" Cha, and C" 5" 8i!, "( stud. on the stand-alone operating or photo oltaic;wind power h.0rid generation s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 20$5" )hoto oltaic energ. and wind energ. are er. in constant depending on the season, ti!e and e6tre!el. inter!ittent energ. sources" Gecause of these reasons, in iew of the relia0ilit. the solar and the wind generation s.ste! ha e !an. pro0le!sKenerg. con ersion, energ. storage, load control etc"L co!paring with a con entional power plant" *o, in order to sol e these e6isting pro0le!s, h.0rid generation s.ste! of photo oltaic and wind power, which co!0ines wind power energ. and solar energ. to ha e effect of supporting each other, was suggested" Gut, h.0rid generation s.ste! cannot alwa.s generate sta0le output with weather condition, au6iliar. generation apparatus that uses elastic energ. of spiral spring to h.0rid generation s.ste! was also added for the present stud." (nd it !a. confir! that power was continuousl. pro ided to load 0. storing energ. o0tained fro! generating rotar. energ. of spiral spring generates in s!all scale generator" [4$$] -" )att, "&nter!ediate circuit capacitor-current in in erters for uninterrupti0le power supplies without transfor!er," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3$$$" &n recent .ears the undistur0ed electrical power suppl. 0eca!e er. i!portant, 0ecause of the increasing auto!ation [1]" ( protected electrical power suppl. is possi0le 0. using a static ?ninterrupti0le )ower *uppl. K?)*L, 0ecause its electrical energ. is stored in a dc-lin= inter!ediate circuit, connected with a 0atter." (n i!portant cost factor and power loss producer is the usuall. inserted line fre,uenc. output transfor!er" %he eli!ination of the transfor!er causes a changing of the circuit topolog. and a riising of the dc-lin= oltage" &t is possi0le to o!it the transfor!er 0. connecting the ground wire of the load to the centre point of the dc-lin= capacitor" %he dc-lin= oltage has to 0e higher than the su! of the pea= alue of the sinusoidal output oltage and the oltage drop of the output filter inductance at !a6i!u! load Ke"g" ?9su0:d9;su0:T#00 +L [2]" ( second cost factor is the dc-lin= capacitor" &ts reacti e power capacit. 0eco!es 0igger co!pared to con entional ?)* 0ecause the low-fre,uenc. load current flows through the centre point of the dc-lin= capacitors" %his is an essential and an e6penditure propert. [3]" %he centre of the paper is the anal.sis of the dc-lin= capacitor current in different topologies" &n the first part of the anal.sis the current-loading of a two and a three le el oltage source in erter will 0e descri0ed" &n the second part of the paper a three phase two-le el and a three phase three le el-in erter will 0e co!pared" [500] (" J" )aul, N" Chino., and *" *ingh, "-a=ing e ol ing design to perfection of high fre,uenc. in erter for induction heating applications: >esign of e6peri!ent approach," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2232" &n the area of high fre,uenc. power electronics e,uip!ent design, transfor!ing a design fro! one application to another could 0e a tedious Io0" -a=ing a new design to !eet the specification could also 0e ti!e consu!ing and a co!ple6 acti it." Mowe er, transfor!ing a design has alwa.s a pro en 0ase for starting" -oreo er, it helps reducing the !anufacturing learning ti!e significantl." &n certain situations, the

e,uip!ent;in erter is part of large auto!ated en iron!ent" (uto!ated process re,uires all its co!ponents;parts to 0e free fro! defects" >efects lead to reIection and, statisticall., the ris= for good ,ualit. will 0e high" @ualit. 'ngineering K@'L concepts such as >esign of '6peri!ents K>4'L, %aguchi !ethods etc" help sol ing pro0le!s associating process ,ualit." Mowe er, si!ilar !ethods, with a collecti e approach, can help consolidating the design para!eters in achie ing ro0ustness and the re,uisite ,ualit. of the end o0Iect" %his article will present the usefulness of @' concepts such as >esign of '6peri!ents in transfor!ing a design of a 2J1, 30JM7 induction heating in erter to a 2J1, 200JM7 in erter to 0e used for !anufacturing a product for !edical applications" %his paper discusses how certain design issues Ksuch as Bero +oltage *witching of full-0ridge in erters for 4N-4DD applicationsL get strengthened through the help of >4' for an in erter used to heat catheters tu0eEs ends" (0o e all, this paper will discuss the detailed Iourne. of transfor!ing a product design fro! one area of application to a product suita0le for another application without irtuall. changing an.thing" [501] (" )a.!an and *" +ae7-Badeh, ">sp 0ased speed esti!ation of single phase induction !otors," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1335" ( speed esti!ation !ethod is proposed for *ingle )hase &nduction -otors in stationar. reference fra!e" Dor that, the !achine !odel is in estigated in stationar. reference fra!e first" %hen, two e,uations are o0tained to esti!ate the !otor speed" Dinall., the results of si!ulation and the >*) i!ple!entation of the !ethod are presented" %he e6peri!ental results in agree!ent with the si!ulation results alidate the proposed esti!ation !ethod" %he esti!ated speed signal can 0e used in sensorless !otor perfor!ance opti!i7ation and aria0le speed dri es" [502] O" )ei, J" Bhang, 5" Jang, and C" Chen, ")rediction of co!!on !ode conducted e!i in single phase pw! in erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3020" &n )1- in erter s.ste!, the high d ;dt and di;dt due to the fast switching of &FG% could 0ring serious '-& issues" Gased on the stud. of !echanis!s on co!!on !ode conducted electro!agnetic interference KC- '-&L associated with a single phase )1- in erter, the origin and propagation path of C- '-& noise are highlighted" Co!pared with 0uc= con erter, a si!ple e,ui alent circuit is proposed to stud. the C- '-&" %he para!eters of passi e ele!ent are !easured 0. e6peri!ent and Dourier transfor! of the oltage source in e,ui alent circuit is perfor!ed" %i!e and fre,uenc. do!ain anal.sis is conducted to o0tain C- current wa efor!s and noise spectra in 10JM7-30-M7 fre,uencies" %he si!ulated C- '-& wa efor!s are co!pared with the actual e6peri!ents to erif. the alidit. of the proposed !odel" [503] 5" )ei, F" Ciang, O" 5ang, and B" 1ang, "(uto-!aster-sla e control techni,ue of parallel in erters in distri0uted ac power s.ste!s and ups," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2050" %his paper presents a new control sche!e: (uto--aster-*la e control techni,ue of parallel connected *)1- in erters" %he control sche!e ensures a fast d.na!ic response and precise load current sharing capa0ilit." Gased on (uto--aster-*la e control techni,ue, the control circuitr. e!plo.s the real power share 0us and reacti e power share 0us interconnecting all the paralleled in erters" 1ith the power share 0uses and the power de iation controllers, the paralleled in erter with highest output power 0eco!es the !aster in erter/ other in erters 0eco!e sla e in erters" -aster in erter dri e the power 0us, and the power de iations in sla e in erter !odule are calculated 0. the power sharing controller" Mereafter, the in erters co!pensate for the fre,uenc. and a!plitude of output oltage, and then the un0alance power was eli!inated" (n e6peri!ent s.ste! was 0uilt to erif. this control sche!e, and the results indicate the precise power 0alance perfor!ance for parallel operation" [504] D" B" )eng, "B-source in erter for !otor dri es," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 24$" %his paper presents a B-*ource in erter s.ste! and control for general-purpose !otor dri es" %he B-source in erter s.ste! e!plo.s a uni,ue 8C networ= in the dc lin= and a s!all capacitor on the ac

side of the diode front end" G. controlling the shoot-through dut. c.cle, the B-source can produce an. desired output ac oltage, e en greater than the line oltage" (s a result, the new B-source in erter s.ste! pro ides ride-through capa0ilit. under oltage sags, reduces line har!onics, i!pro es power factor and relia0ilit., and e6tends output oltage range" (nal.sis, si!ulation, and e6peri!ental results will 0e presented to de!onstrate these new features" [505] D" B" )eng, -" *hen, and B" @ian, "-a6i!u! 0oost control of the 7-source in erter," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 255" %his paper e6plores control !ethods for the B-source in erter and their relationships of oltage 0oost ersus !odulation inde6" ( !a6i!u! 0oost control is presented to produce the !a6i!u! oltage 0oost Kor oltage gainL under a gi en !odulation inde6" %he control !ethod, relationships of oltage gain ersus !odulation inde6, and oltage stress ersus oltage gain are anal.7ed in detail and erified 0. si!ulation and e6peri!ent" [502] D" B" )eng and C" 1ang, "( uni ersal statco! with delta-connected cascade !ultile el in erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 352$" &t is 0elie ed that cascade !ultile el con erter will 0e the !aIor circuit to 0e used in *tatic *.nchronous Co!pensator K*%(%C4-L" Aecentl., all the researches a0out *%(%C4- ha e 0een focused on the w.e-connected cascade !ultile el con erters" Gut *%(%C4- with this =ind of circuit structure can onl. co!pensate the reacti e power and har!onics" %his paper proposes a ?ni ersal *%(%C4- 0ased on delta-connected cascade !ultile el in erter" 4ther than reacti e power co!pensation, the proposed *%(%C4- can also 0e used to co!pensate negati e se,uence current caused 0. un0alanced loads" %he co!pensation theor. is illustrated" %he operation principle and control sche!e are erified 0. si!ulation results" [503] M" )eng, >" -a=si!o ic, (" )rodic, and '" (larcon, "-odeling of ,uanti7ation effects in digitall. controlled dc-dc con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4312" &n digitall. controlled >C->C con erters with a single oltage feed0ac= loop, the two ,uanti7ers, na!el. the (;> con erter and the digital pulse-width !odulator K>)1-L, can cause undesira0le li!it-c.cle oscillations" &n this paper, static and d.na!ic !odels that include the ,uanti7ation effects are deri ed and used to e6plain the origins of li!it-c.cle oscillations" &n the static !odel, e6istence of >C solution, which is a necessar. no-li!it-c.cle condition, is e6a!ined using a graphical !ethod" ( concept of a!plitude and offset dependent gain is introduced to e6tend the descri0ing function !ethod and deri e the d.na!ic s.ste! !odel" Dro! the static and d.na!ic !odels, no-li!it-c.cle conditions associated with (;>, >)1- and co!pensator design criteria are deri ed" %he conclusions are illustrated 0. si!ulation and e6peri!ental e6a!ples" [50#] F" *" )erant7a=is, D" M" Oepapas, and *" N" -anias, "( new four-le el pw! in erter topolog. for hihg power applications-effect of switching strategies on power losses distri0ution," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 43$#" &n this paper a no el four-le el )ulse 1idth -odulation K)1-L h.0rid in erter topolog. is proposed which is co!posed of a con entional two-le el and a three-le el Neutral )oint Cla!ped KN)CL in erter suita0le for high- oltage power applications" %he proposed topolog. when it is co!pared to the con entional four-le el N)C )1- in erter e6hi0its the following ad antages: KaL a0ilit. of changing the losses distri0ution profile a!ong the de ices 0. selecting the suita0le switching strateg., K0L reduction of total in erter power se!iconductor de ice losses, KcL a0ilit. of 0idirectional operation of all switches, KdL series connected cla!ping diodes are not needed and KeL fle6i0ilit. of using e6isting power se!iconductor !odules that !a=es si!ple the i!ple!entation of the proposed power topolog." -oreo er, the effect of different switching strategies on the conduction and switching losses profile of the proposed in erter is e6a!ined 0. ar.ing the inde6 !odulation depth and the load power factor" ( suita0le losses calculation

!ethod for h.0rid !ultile el in erter is used and a co!parison of losses distri0ution profiles 0etween the proposed in erter and the con entional four -le el in erter is carried out" Dinall., the theoretical results are confir!ed 0. si!ulation and e6peri!ental results" [50$] '" &" )ereira, C" G" Nasci!ento, and (" C" )erin, "'lectronic 0allast for fluorescent la!ps with the pfc stage integrated with the resonant in erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4050" *tudies and practical results regarding the integration of the )DC stage with the dc-ac con ersion in electronic 0allasts for fluorescent la!ps are presented in this paper" %he e6tension of the -oisinEs topolog. is presented to allow the use of a full-0ridge rectifier stage" %he design procedures de eloped are e6tended to the continuous input current charge pu!p power factor correction KC&C-C))DCL" ( perfor!ance co!parison o0tained through se eral integrations applied on co!!ercial electronic 0allasts is presented" 4ne topological ariation, where the charge-pu!p capacitors are connected directl. on the rectifier stage, is presented" Goth structures can i!pro e the relia0ilit., si!plicit. and lower the co!ponent count for electronic 0allasts" '6peri!ental results fro! a protot.pe designed using the !ethodolog. de eloped in this wor= are also shown" [510] D" C" )ere7-)inal, "&!pro e!ent of the electronic line-shafting," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3220" 'lectronic K+irtualL 8ine *haft has shown its feasi0ilities and i!pro e!ent in -ulti-!otor arrange!ents where high- perfor!ance applications that are a0le to achie e precise control of position, speed, acceleration, and deceleration are re,uired" *e eral studies ha e 0een done in order to increase its perfor!ance and producti it." Mowe er the relati e angle 0etween !ulti a6es and a procedure to a oid the irtual line has not 0een discussed" %herefore, this paper de elops a co!!ission procedure to a oid the irtual line in the classical electronic line shaft and it presents a no el arra., which lets to reach an e,ual speed and 7ero position error 0etween a6is during the startup, shutdown conditions and under load i!pacts on an. !otor" [511] B" )erout=a, "Ae,uire!ents for insulation s.ste! of !otors fed 0. !odern oltage source con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 43#3" &nsulation s.ste! of !otors fed 0. !odern oltage source con erters K+*CL is su0Iected to higher dielectric stress" Migh oltage gradients and transient o er oltages that occur in each con erter switching point dra!aticall. decrease !otor lifeti!e" %his paper in estigates !otor o er oltages, their i!pact on !otor insulation and also e6plores relationship 0etween con erter control strateg. Kcon erter output oltage patternL and occurring surges" 40tained results are co!pared with e6isting standards KN'-( -F1-1$$# KAe " 3: 2002L and &'C;%* 20034-13 K39sup:rd9;sup: 'ditionLL in order to re iew capa0ilit. of e!plo.ed !otor insulations" -oreo er, the paper discusses 0rea=down locations within the stator winding insulation and descri0es principles of these failures" %he ai! of this paper is to present general theor. of !otor transient o er oltages, 0ecause general theor. of these effects is still !issing in the literature, and to pro ide useful approach ena0ling e aluation of the relia0ilit. of the dri e in practice" ( lot of e6peri!ents ha e 0een perfor!ed on industrial and especiall. traction dri es" )resented results and theories are confir!ed 0. tests perfor!ed on the !ain dri e of light rail ehicle recentl. de eloped in *=oda 'lectric co!pan." [512] (" F" )err., F" Deng, 5"-D" 8iu, and )" C" *en, "( new sliding !ode li=e control !ethod for 0uc= con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 32##" *liding !ode control is a ro0ust control !ethod with guaranteed large signal sta0ilit. and good d.na!ic response" >espite its ad antages, sliding !ode control for >C->C con erters suffers fro! non7ero stead. state error and aria0le switching fre,uenc. that depends on the con erter para!eters" %his paper proposes a si!ple sliding !ode li=e control K*-8CL techni,ue for the 0uc= con erter that has a fi6ed switching fre,uenc. and 7ero stead. state error" %he response of this controller is ro0ust and can 0e defined

directl. in the ti!e do!ain" &n addition, fu77. logic i!ple!entation of the proposed *-8C is pro ided" '6peri!ental results show that the proposed *-8C has good first-order d.na!ic perfor!ance and no stead. state error" [513] (" F" )err., F" Deng, 5"-D" 8iu, and )" C" *en, "( new design !ethod for pi-li=e fu77. logic controllers for dc-to-dc con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3351" %his paper proposes a no el design procedure of )&-li=e fu77. logic controller KD8CL for >C>C con erters that integrates linear control techni,ues with fu77. logic" %he design procedure allows the s!all signal !odel of the con erter and linear control design techni,ues to 0e used in the initial stages of D8C design" %his si!plifies the s!all signal design and the sta0ilit. assess!ent of the D8C" G. e6ploiting the fu77. logic structure of the controller, heuristic =nowledge is incorporated in the design, resulting in a non-linear controller with i!pro ed perfor!ance o er linear )& controllers" [514] (" +" )eterche and *" A" *anders, ">esign of cera!ic-capacitor r!Es with esti!ated load current feedforward," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4325" Dor oltage regulator !odule K+A-L designs with cera!ic output capacitors, the capacitor si7e has to 0e chosen sufficientl. large to allow for the use of relati el. large inductor alues" %his ena0les operation at con entional switching fre,uencies, while !eeting load transient response specifications" >ue to the s!all effecti e series resistance K'*AL ti!e constant of cera!ic capacitors, this !a. result in designs with output capacitor '*A su0stantiall. lower than the desired output i!pedance" %his is in contrast to con entional +A- i!ple!entations with electrol.tic capacitors, where the desired output i!pedance is closel. related to the output capacitor '*A" &n cera!ic capacitor designs with con entional feed0ac= control, the re,uired loop 0andwidth is in ersel. proportional to the output capacitor si7e" %he feed0ac= 0andwidth is li!ited 0. sta0ilit. constraints lin=ed to the switching fre,uenc." %he use of load current feedforward can e6tend the useful 0andwidth 0e.ond the li!its i!posed 0. feed0ac= sta0ilit. constraints" 8oad current feedforward is used to handle the 0ul= of the regulation action, while feed0ac= is used onl. to co!pensate for i!perfections of the feedforward and to ensure tight >C regulation" (n e6peri!ental con erter de!onstrates tighter output regulation with esti!ated load current feedforward, than with pure feed0ac= control" [515] (" +" )eterche and *" A" *anders, ">igital loss-!ini!i7ing !ulti-!ode s.nchronous 0uc= con erter control," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 32$4" ( !ulti-!ode control strateg. for a s.nchronous 0uc= con erter operating o er a wide load range, is presented" Dor hea . loads, the con erter runs in fi6ed-fre,uenc. continuous conduction !ode KCC-L" (t light loads, it enters discontinuous conduction !ode K>C-L with s.nchronous rectification" (t still lighter loads, s.nchronous rectification is disa0led in >C-" (t er. light loads, the con erter operates in aria0le-fre,uenc. pulse s=ipping !ode" %he s.nchronous rectifier K*AL ti!ing is scheduled as a function of the load current, ena0ling appropriate transition a!ong the !odes" (n on-line adapti e algorith! to opti!i7e the *A ti!ing, 0ased on power loss !ini!i7ation, is presented" %his control strateg. is particularl. well suited for a digital controller i!ple!entation, since it uses sophisticated co!putations, while not re,uiring high analog-to-digital con ersion rates" [512] (" )etersson, 8" Marnefors, and %" %hiringer, "Co!parison 0etween stator-flu6 and grid-flu6-oriented rotor current control of dou0l.-fed induction generators," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4#2" Frid-flu6 Kor grid- oltageL-oriented rotor current control of the dou0l.-fed induction generator is in estigated in this paper" &t is shown that 0. using a grid-flu6-oriented s.ste!, the sta0ilit. and da!ping of the s.ste! is independent of the d co!ponent of the rotor current, in contrast to a stator-flu6-oriented s.ste!" (lso for the stator-flu6-oriented s.ste!, a certain alue of the d co!ponent of the rotor current causes the s.ste! to 0eco!e unsta0le" Mence, with a grid-flu6-oriented s.ste! it is possi0le to produce as

!uch reacti e power as desired fro! a sta0ilit. point of iew" %he theoretical results are erified e6peri!entall. with good result" [513] -" )hattanasa= and +" Chun=ag, ")aralleling of single-phase ac;dc con erter with power-factor correction," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1532" %he article presents a paralleling of three two-switch forward con erters, which operate at a constant switching-fre,uenc. to perfor! as a single-phase (C;>C con erter with power-factor correction" *liding !ode control is e!plo.ed to control the s.ste!" %his approach is intended to increase the s.ste! relia0ilit." %hree #01 4#+ con erters that pro ide a 1201 !a6i!u! load ha e 0een designed and si!ulated" ( co!parison of the e6peri!ental and the si!ulated results for the sa!e s.ste! specifications shows that there is close agree!ent 0etween the!" [51#] C" )hinne., C" M" 8ang, and >" C" )erreault, "-ulti-resonant !icrofa0ricated inductors and transfor!ers," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4523" %his paper introduces K1L a fa!il. of !ulti-resonant passi e co!ponents with har!onicall. related i!pedance nulls and !a6i!a, K2L 0oard- and wafer-scale construction techni,ues for such structures, and K3L circuit topologies that e6ploit the har!onicall. related i!pedance e6tre!a the. pro ide" ( three-di!ensional copper electrofor!ing process has 0een de eloped which offers an integrated-circuit designer larger- alued, higher-@ power inductors than are achie a0le with traditional thin-fil! processing" *uch !agnetic structures, whether fa0ricated in printed-circuit for! or electrofor!ed on a wafer, can 0e tapped to produce integrated !ulti-resonant 8-C networ=s" %hese networ=s can de elop !uch larger i!pedance than the corresponding untapped structure, pro ide self-shielding, eli!inate switches fro! s.!!etric con erter topologies, and otherwise reduce switch stresses" (s part of the 0roader treat!ent, a new soft-switched radio-fre,uenc. power con erter is introduced that de!onstrates the reduction in pea= de ice stress and passi e-co!ponent si7e achie a0le with !ulti-resonant co!ponents" %a=en together, the construction techni,ues, networ=s, and con erter topologies presented here e6tend the power le els and applications for which passi e co!ponents can 0e !anufactured in an integrated fashion, alongside se!iconductor switches and con erter controls" [51$] (" )ia77esi and 8" -e.senc, "*eries connection of 3"3= ig0ts with acti e oltage 0alancing," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #$3" (pplication of &FG%s K&nsulated Fate Gipolar %ransistorsL to high oltage power electronics s.ste!s is toda. 0eco!ing an attracti e solution 0ecause of low cost and low co!ple6it." *e!iconductor !anufacturers are !a=ing efforts to design chips with higher 0loc=ing oltages, 0ut for relia0ilit. and cost purposes, an easier solution toda. would 0e to use standard &FG%s" %his paper descri0es the 0eha iour of 3"3=+, 100( chips connected in series and dri en with an acti e gate control circuit which 0alances the oltage during 0oth static and d.na!ic phase" %he first part of the article presents the theoretical description of the principle and so!e design reco!!endations" %he second part contains e6peri!ental results" %hese tests de!onstrated that it is possi0le to safel. turn off two ti!es the no!inal current under 4=+ >C lin= oltage" Dinall., short-circuit turn-off has 0een also successfull. tested, showing a good 0alancing of the o er oltages, e en under such e!ergenc. conditions" [520] G" )iepen0reier and 8" *ac=, "Aegenerati e dri e con erter with line-fre,uenc. switched rectifier and without dc lin= co!ponents," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3$13" %he presented regenerati e dri e con erter consists of a line-side three-phase rectifier and a !otor-side three-phase in erter" (ntiparallel to the rectifier diodes there are si6 &FG%s, which conduct the >C lin= current, if it flows fro! the in erter to the rectifier" &n the >C lin= there are no co!ponents: neither an inductor or an electrol.tic capacitor nor a 0ra=ing resistor or a 0ra=ing chopper" Getween the line and the rectifier there is a filter, co!prising a three-phase inductor and three capacitors" (s the antiparallel &FG%s are switched with line fre,uenc., their switching pattern is er. si!ple, 0ecause it is s.nchroni7ed with the

line oltage" Gecause of the low additional effort this con erter t.pe is er. ad antageous, when regenerati e operation is e6pected and when low fre,uenc. har!onic content of the line current is not critical and does not re,uire a con erter with pulsed acti e front end" %he proposed paper descri0es the 0asic function of this t.pe of con erter" &t is shown, that the si!ple switching pattern for the line-side &FG%s can 0e generated er. easil." %he re,uire!ents for the line-side filter, its topolog. and its design are illustrated" ( test set-up of this con erter with an induction-!otor of 3"5 =1 is descri0ed and e6peri!ental results hereof are presented" %he >C-lin= oltage is not ideal, 0ut superi!posed 0. the line-har!onics caused 0. the rectifier" %he resulting influences for the !otor can 0e !ini!i7ed 0. !eans of the )1strateg. of the !otor-side in erter" %he e6peri!ental results show, that the wa efor!s and the spectru! of the !otor oltages and currents and the wa efor!s and the spectru! of the line currents confir! the theoretical considerations" -easure!ents of the efficienc. of the rectifier show, that its losses are low 0ecause of the a0sence of switching losses" %he e6peri!ental results show as well, that additional losses of the !otor due to the fluctuating >C lin= oltage are negligi0le" [521] M" )inheiro, D" Gotteron, C" A" )inheiro, M" 8" Me., and M" (" Frundling, "( digital controller for singlephase ups in erters to reduce the output dc co!ponent," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1311" %his paper proposes a new two la.ers digital controller for )1- in erters which significantl. reduces the output dc oltage co!ponent" &t is suita0le for low cost )1- in erters where analog-to-digital con erters and digital pulse width !odulators with s!all nu!0ers of 0its are used" %he controller description and design are presented" '6peri!ental results on a 5 =+( set-up alidate the theoretical anal.sis carried out" [522] *" D" )into and C" D" *il a, ">irect control !ethod for !atri6 con erters with input power factor regulation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2322" %his wor= presents the design of sliding !ode controllers, considering the d.na!ics of the input filter, for three-phase ac-ac !atri6 con erters, to guarantee input and output sinusoidal wa efor!s with controlla0le input power factor" %he sliding !ode control techni,ue together with space ector !odulation is used to ensure that the output oltages and input currents trac= their references, guaranteeing the desired input power factor of !atri6 con erters, which !a. 0e useful in applications operating with unit. input power factor, such as ac dri es, or applications where full. controlla0le input power factor is useful, na!el. static +(A co!pensators K*+CL or phase shifters" %he o0tained si!ulation and e6peri!ental results show that the designed controllers, associated with the state-space ector techni,ue, guarantee the direct control of !atri6 con erters output oltages, as well as their input currents" [523] -" )once, C" (guilar, C" Dernande7, '" Geutelspacher, C" -" Calderon, and C" Cortes, "8inear and non linear !odels for o7one generators considering electrodes losses," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #10" 8inear and non linear !odels of o7one generators are presented in this paper" %he non linear !odel includes the losses in the electrodes and the linear !odel is o0tained for no!inal operation conditions of the o7one generator" %he linear !odel is proposed as a tool that si!plifies the design of power supplies for o7one generators and the non linear !odel is proposed as a tool to si!ulate the operation of o7one generators including the electrode losses" *i!ulation results of the standard non linear !odel, proposed non linear !odel and the linear !odel are presented with e6cellent results" [524] -" )once, '" Dlores, and A" 4sorio, "(nal.sis and design of igniters for hid la!ps fed with s,uare wa efor!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3$2" &n this paper, the anal.sis and design of three igniters 0ased on 8C series networ= is presented" %he proposed igniters ha e !ore ele ation capacit. and s!aller si7e than a t.pical 8C series resonant networ=, 0ecause 8C series networ= include one transfor!er or one autotransfor!er respecti el." %he proposed igniters are ade,uate for M&> la!p ignition and the. are reco!!ended for electronic 0allasts that

fed M&> la!ps with s,uare wa es, 0ecause e6tra se!iconductor ele!ents are not needed" %he igniters were e aluated with an electronic 0allast that feeds a 301 M&> halogen la!p with low fre,uenc. s,uare wa efor!s and then acoustic resonances are eli!inated" '6peri!ental results of the igniters with selected electronic 0allast are presented" [525] )" )once, >" -" (guilar, and (" -onro., "?sing artificial neural networ=s in the induction !otor dtc sche!e," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3325" %he purpose of this paper is to show the potential use of (rtificial Neural Networ=s K(NNsL in the induction !otor >irect %or,ue Control K>%CL sche!e" %he speed esti!ators using (NNs are contrasted with the speed adapti e flu6 o0ser er K8uen0erger 40ser erL" %he paper proposes a co!plete >%C sche!e using two different (NNs to esti!ate the rotor speed, one of the! is a classical Deedforward Neural Networ= KDDNNL and the other one is a DDNN chosen 0. genetic algorith!s" %he perfor!ance of the proposed sche!e is carried out 0. si!ulation tests using -(%8(G;*&-?8&NJ" [522] N" )ongratananu=ul and %" Jasparis, "Co-si!ulation for erification of digital control i!ple!entation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 320$" (s digital control finds its wa. into applications, tools for erification of hardware i!ple!entation 0eco!es attracti e as it will sa e ti!e and reduce cost in the de elop!ent phase" %his paper presents a !ethod to co-si!ulation a plant !odel on a co!puter with algorith!s running on actual hardware" ( si!ulation platfor! is de eloped to support co-si!ulation of processesE !odel and actual digital control hardware, with !odeling of analog;digital signal interfaces" %he effects of discrete sa!pling ti!es, calculation dela.s caused 0. the processor can 0e accuratel. anal.7ed" *ource code for the final application can 0e de eloped and erif. with the " irtual plant" in the co-si!ulation en iron!ent prior to testing with real power stage protot.pe" %he propose approach is alua0le to a digital controller whose instruction-set- si!ulator is not a aila0le" %o de!onstrate the approach, co-si!ulation results of a si!plified !a6i!u! power point trac=er for solar power s.ste! is presented" [523] *" )onnaluri, C" J" *tein=e, )" *tei!er, *" Aeichert, and G" Guch!ann, ">esign co!parison and control of !ediu! oltage statco! with no el twin con erter topolog.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2542" ( co!parison of parallel and the proposed series or %1&N connected standard con erters is presented for a 500 J+(r *%(%C4-" &t is shown that the proposed topolog. is superior with respect to the filter si7e and !a6i!u! power output" Control issues specific to the twin topolog. are co ered" ( new wa. of controlling the con erter under un0alance grid oltage conditions is proposed" [52#] C" )opo ic and C" (" Derreira, "Concepts for high pac=aging and integration efficienc.," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 41##" Current pac=aging technolog. in power electronics is 0ased on asse!0ling pre-!anufactured discrete co!ponents" 'ach co!ponent consists of a nu!0er of parts, !anufactured in a ariet. of !anufacturing processes" %his has resulted in a di ersit. of different parts and !utuall. inco!pati0le !anufacturing processes in a t.pical power electronic con erter and has 0rought power electronics to the edge where it 0eco!es e6tre!el. difficult to reduce the cost and si7e of power electronic con erters" &n this paper, we present a wa. to i!pro e pac=aging of power electronic con erters 0. increasing integration le el and using !ultifunctional construction parts" %wo ,uantities KJ9su0:&9;su0: and J9su0:)9;su0:L intended to e aluate integration le el in power con erters are introduced" Gased on these alues, a nu!0er of !ethods to increase the integration le el are presented" %hese !ethods are then applied to a >C;>C 42;14+ con erter for auto!oti e applications" %hree pac=aging concepts, na!el. 8ead fra!e con erter, )CG e!0edded con erter and Meat conductor con erter are proposed" %he. are co!pared to a 0ench!ar= con erter i!ple!ented in the con entional discrete pac=aging technolog." &t is shown that 0. s!art use of parts in the con erter construction, the high alues of integration le el and high power densities can 0e achie ed"

[52$]

C" )ou, A" )indado, >" Goro.e ich, )" Aodrigue7, and C" +icente, "+oltage-0alancing strategies for diodecla!ped !ultile el con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3$##" %his paper e6plores space- ector !odulation strategies for diode-cla!ped !ultile el con erters" %he anal.sis is focused on the oltage-0alancing issue, since this is a er. difficult tas= in highorder !ultile el con erters" %wo strategies for selecting redundant ectors in the space- ector diagra! are e6plained/ 0oth of the! are 0ased on !ini!i7ing a ,uadratic para!eter related with oltage i!0alance in the capacitors" *i!ulation results show si!ilar 0eha ior of the four-le el con erter for 0oth !odulation strategies" (s e6pected, oltage 0alance cannot 0e achie ed for so!e operating conditions that in ol e deep !odulation indices and the e6istence of acti e currents" %he li!its in which the four-le el con erter cannot achie e charge 0alance 0. nearest-three- ector !odulation are erified"

[530]

*" )oulsen and -" (" '" (ndersen, "&ntegrating switch !ode audio power a!plifiers and electro d.na!ic loudspea=ers for a higher power efficienc.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 324" %he wor= presented in this paper is related to integration of switch !ode audio a!plifiers and electro d.na!ic loudspea=ers, using the spea=erEs oice coil as output filter, and the !agnetic structure as heatsin= for the a!plifier"

[531]

*" )oulsen and -" (" '" (ndersen, "*ingle con ersion audio a!plifier and dc-ac con erters with high perfor!ance and low co!ple6it. control sche!e," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 223" %his paper proposes a no el control topolog. for a !ains isolated single con ersion audio a!plifier and >C-(C con erters" %he topolog. is !ade for use in audio applications, and differs fro! prior art in ter!s of significantl. reduced distortion as well as lower s.ste! co!ple6it." %he topolog. can 0e useful in a wide range of >C-(C applications such as !otor dri es or ?)* s.ste!s re,uiring !ains isolation as well"

[532]

*" )ra0ha=aran, C" A" *ulli an, %" 4E>onnell, -" Grunet, and *" Ao., "-icrofa0ricated coupled inductors for dc-dc con erters for !icroprocessor power deli er.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4423" Migh-current, low- oltage power con erters with fast transient response are needed for powering digital s.ste!s such as !icroprocessors" -icrofa0ricated coupled inductors for such power con erters are discussed" ( four-phase !icrofa0ricated !agnetic structure with 14 nM of inductance per phase has 0een fa0ricated for a 5 -M7, 5+-to-1 +, 10 ( dc-dc con erter" %he first protot.pe de ices ha e 0een 0uilt with nic=el-iron KNiDeL cores and copper conductors on a silicon su0strate" *!all-signal !easure!ents on the inductors ha e 0een perfor!ed and predictions ha e 0een confir!ed" ( !odel for anal.7ing the perfor!ance of coupled inductors is presented" %he de ices ha e 0een i!ple!ented in a protot.pe con erter and the !easured perfor!ance is co!pared with the predicted results"

[533]

-" C" )rieto, C" >ia7, C" (" -artin-Aa!os, and D" Nuno, "Closing a second feed0ac= loop in dc;dc con erters 0ased on pie7oelectric transfor!ers," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 42#2" Nowada.s, pie7oelectric transfor!ers K)%L are a good alternati e to su0stitute !agnetic !aterials in (C;>C and >C;>C con erters" %he. ha e high isolation oltage and operate at high fre,uencies, with lower losses" Mowe er, their opti!u! operating fre,uenc. e6hi0its a strong dependence on different para!eters, such as te!perature, load or oltage le el applied" %his is usuall. an incon enience, 0ecause this drift affects )% gain and efficienc., which can ar. enor!ousl. within a few hundred of hert7s" 4n the other hand, it is not onl. necessar. to ensure the )% is dri en at the proper

fre,uenc. -in ter!s of gain and efficienc., including 7ero oltage switching KB+*L in the power stage- 0ut also to regulate the output oltage" &n this paper, two si!ple feed0ac= loops are i!ple!ented in a )% 0ased >C;>C con erter: 4ne of the! adIusts the switching fre,uenc. to o0tain the 0est gain and efficienc." %he other perfor!s the output oltage regulation" [534] A" )rieto, 8" -" 'scri0ano, C" (" 4li er, C" (" Co0os, and C" ?ceda, "( new 2d;3d fea 0ased ther!al !odel for !agnetic co!ponents," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4#23" *ince the te!perature rise is one of the =e. para!eters in the design of !agnetic co!ponents, ther!al !odels are co!!onl. applied in order to calculate the te!perature alue" Dinite 'le!ent (nal.sis KD'(L tools are t.picall. used to isuali7e ther!al distri0utions 0ut not for o0taining a !odel fro! the field calculation" %his wor= presents a new ther!al !odel 0ased on the use of a ther!al networ= whose para!eters are o0tained fro! 2>;3> D'( anal.ses" %he !odel is suita0le for an. geo!etr. and an. ther!al distri0ution" Co!parisons of the proposed !odel with !easure!ents and D'( si!ulations are also presented" [535] (" )rodic and >" -a=si!o ic, "*ta0ilit. of the fast oltage control loop in power factor correctors," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2320" %his paper introduces a new !ethod for sta0ilit. anal.sis and design of a fast oltage loop in rectifiers with power factor correction K)DCL" %he !ethod is 0ased on the circle criterion, which unifies tools for nonlinear s.ste! anal.sis with fre,uenc. do!ain anal.sis tools used in linear s.ste!s" %he controller design procedure is de!onstrated and e6peri!entall. erified on two e6peri!ental s.ste!s that are 0uilt around a 3001 digitall.-controlled 0oost-0ased )DC" &n the first s.ste!, the e6pansion of the oltage loop 0andwidth is allowed 0. introduction of a self-tuning co!0 filter K*%CDL for the output oltage ripple eli!ination" &n the second e6peri!ental set-up, the fast oltage loop is ena0led through utili7ation of a "dead-7one" in analog-to-digital con ersion" [532] *" F" ).tel, (" *" Moenshel, 8" 8u, '" *anti, C" 8" Mudgins, and )" A" )al!er, "Cr.ogenic ger!aniu! power diode circuit si!ulator !odel including te!perature dependent effects," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2$43" Cr.ogenic testing and ph.sics-0ased de ice !odeling of a ger!aniu! KFeL power diode for power electronic applications has 0een conducted" *tatic and inducti e load testing of a 10 (, 250 + Fe diode has 0een perfor!ed with te!peratures ranging fro! a!0ient K[si!ilar to] 300 JL to li,uid nitrogen K33 JL" %he de ice was !odeled using the Dourier-series-0ased solution approach for ) N diodes" %he Dourier solution was used in the de elop!ent of a te!perature-dependent ph.sics-0ased !odel that can 0e run using si!ulation software pac=ages such as +irtual %est Ged K+%GL or )*)&C' [trade!ar=]" %his !odel has pro en to 0e e6tre!el. accurate when applied to silicon 0ased power diodes and si!ilar results ha e 0een o0tained for the cr.ogenic Fe diode" Dor!ulas for the te!perature dependenc. of Fe ph.sical para!eters, such as !o0ilities, intrinsic carrier concentration and ioni7ed i!purit. concentration, are e6tracted fro! pu0lished data and i!ple!ented in the !odel" *ince er. li!ited data is a aila0le for the te!perature dependence of carrier reco!0ination lifeti!e, its te!perature dependence is e6tracted fro! e6peri!ental data" &nterest in Fe power de ices and relia0le circuit si!ulator !odels is dri en 0. low te!perature applications such as deep space e6ploration, !edical diagnostics, and superconducti e energ. storage" [533] *" 4" ).tel, *" 8entiIo, (" Joud.!o , *" Aai, M" Dati!a, +" (di arahan, (" Chitnis, C" 5ang, C" 8" Mudgins, '" *anti, (" -onti, F" *i!in, and -" (" Jhan, "(lgan;gan !oshfet integrated circuit power con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 53$" %his wor= introduces the first step in a ersion of a wide-0andwidth, fre,uenc.-agile power interface that can sit 0etween a si!ulation en iron!ent and real electrical hardware" *ilicon K*iL technolog. is incapa0le of !eeting the e6tre!e switching de!ands of such a power interface, while

galliu!-nitride KFaNL technolog. is 0est suited for this application" ( FaN power cell, in the for! of an integrated M-0ridge power 0loc=, is used as the core ele!ent in this new interface to ta=e ad antage of the &&&-+ se!iconductor !aterial properties, resulting in enhanced operating characteristics" %he FaN integrated M-0ridge transistors are constructed out of (lFaN;FaN, -4*-Metero-Iunction D'%s K-4*MD'%sL" %he M-0ridge is !ounted to an alu!inu!-nitride K(&NL su0strate for heat re!o al ia a ther!all. conducting, electricall. insulating, epo6." %his wide 0andgap power con erter utili7es a highand low-side dri er to !odulate the gate-source oltage of each de ice 0etween Q5 + and -12 +" Control for the power con erter is pro ided ia a dual output pulse generator" %he pulse generator operates openloop with two outputs to e6peri!entall. test the M-0ridge in a half-0ridge con erter topolog. under different loading conditions" [53#] C" @iao, C" Bhang, )" )arto, and >" Cauregui, "4utput capacitor co!parison for low oltage high current applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 222" %he digital &C such as !icroprocessor re,uires low oltage, high current as well as er. tight transient regulation" %his i!poses strict re,uire!ent for the power suppl. - t.picall. a step down )1con erters with single phase or !ulti-phase" %he output capacitors pla. an i!portant role in the transient response" -an. t.pes of capacitors are a aila0le in the !ar=et such as (lu!inu! electrol.tic, %antalu!, )4*C(), 4*C4N cap, *pecialt. pol.!er, as well as large alue of !ulti-la.er cera!ic capacitors" %his paper deri es a 0asic e,uation to calculate the !ini!u! nu!0er of capacitors in order to !eet the transient re,uire!ent" Gased on this infor!ation, a co!pro!ise 0etween cost and perfor!ance can 0e decided 0. engineers" [53$] >" @iu, *" 5" A" Mui, and M" Chung, "( nonlinear co!pensation sche!e for a non-dissipati e single-sensor para!eter !onitoring !ethod used in power electronics s.ste!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 15#1" ( non-dissipati e single-sensor !easure!ent techni,ue has 0een proposed as a new and effecti e sensing techni,ue for power electronic s.ste!s" G. using onl. one current sensor to sense the inductor current, the proposed techni,ue can pro ide all necessar. infor!ation for feedforward and feed0ac= control and para!eter !onitoring" &n this paper, this techni,ue is e6tended to a nonlinear co!pensation sche!e ta=ing inductorEs !agnetic saturation into account" ( practical co!pensation sche!e has 0een successfull. i!ple!ented" )ractical details for the circuit i!ple!entation of the nonlinear co!pensation sche!e is included and e6plained" -easure!ents ha e confir!ed that the co!pensation sche!e pro ides !ore accurate esti!ated results than the standard sche!e when the con erter inductor gets into the nonlinear region" [540] >" @iu, *" 5" A" Mui, and M" *" M" Chung, "*o!e practical issues related to inductor !odel in single-sensor !easure!ent techni,ue," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1443" ( non-dissipati e single-sensor !easure!ent principle has pre iousl. 0een proposed as a si!ple and effecti e !eans for pro iding control aria0les for feedforward and;or feed0ac= control and also for para!eter esti!ation" %his approach can reduce the nu!0er of sensors and eli!inate the re,uire!ent of co!ple6 isolated feed0ac= circuitr. in !an. power electronic s.ste!s" &n this paper, 0ased on the high-fre,uenc. s!all-signal inductor !odel, the accurac. of the deri ed inductor oltage fro! single oltage sensor or single current sensor is addressed" (s the oltage difference 0etween the actual and esti!ated inductor oltage alues can 0e esti!ated, it is feasi0le to chec= if co!pensation networ= in single-sensor !easure!ent principle is necessar. or not" )ractical issues for !easure!ent and calculation of inductor para!eters are also included and e6plained in the paper" [541] -" @iu, )" J" Cain, and M" Bhang, "&!ple!entation and perfor!ance of a high fre,uenc. ac distri0uted power s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 22#4" (s an alternati e solution to powering the new generations of teleco!!unication and co!puter

s.ste!s, high fre,uenc. ac distri0uted power s.ste! KMD(C >)*L has potentiall. high efficienc. and e6cellent transient response" &n this paper, MD(C >)* is i!ple!ented for a dual output application" (n as.!!etrical pulse-width-!odulated K()1-L resonant in erter and pulse-width-!odulated K)1-L series resonant con erter are e!plo.ed as the front-end in erter and on-0oard load (C oltage regulator !odules K(C +A-sL respecti el." &n the stead.-state operation, MD(C >)* can operate in KiL power transfer !ode, KiiL no-load !ode, and KiiiL short-circuit !ode" ?nder the d.na!ic conditions, MD(C >)* has e6cellent transient response against the line and load ariations" &n this paper, si!ulation and e6peri!ental results are presented as the proof-of-concept" [542] 5" @iu, G" 8u, G" 5ang, >" Du, D" C" 8ee, A" Fean, D" Canales, and 1" C" %ipton, "( high-fre,uenc. highefficienc. three-le el lcc con erter for high- oltage charging applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4100" Dor high- oltage charging applications, this paper introduces a aria0le-fre,uenc. 7erooltage-switching three-le el 8CC resonant con erter, which is a0le to utili7e the parasitic co!ponents of the high-turns-ratio transfor!er" G. appl.ing the three-le el structure in the pri!ar. side, low- oltage -4*D'%s can 0e used to !ini!i7e the conduction loss" %herefore, the switching fre,uenc. can 0e increased to shrin= the si7e of passi e co!ponents" &n addition, a si!ulation-0ased process is presented for designing the resonant-tan= para!eters as a trade-off a!ong the efficienc., power densit. and co!ponent stresses" %he principle of operation for the con erter is anal.7ed and erified on a 3=1, 200=M7, 10=+ charger protot.pe" [543] 5" M" @iu, %" (" )arli=ar, 1" *" Chang, -" >" *ee!an, %" (" Jei!, >" C" )erreaultt, and C" F" Jassa=ian, ">esign and e6peri!ental e aluation of an electro!echanical engine al e dri e," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4#3#" &n con entional internal co!0ustion K&CL engines, engine al e ti!ing is fi6ed with respect to cran=shaft angle" Dle6i0l. controlled al e ti!ing offers significant i!pro e!ents in fuel efficienc., engine perfor!ance and e!issions" 4ne wa. to achie e aria0le al e ti!ing K++%L is 0. using an electro!echanical al e dri e K'-+>L" &n this paper, we descri0e the design and e6peri!ental e aluation of a new '-+> co!prising an electric !otor coupled 0. a nonlinear !echanical transfor!er to a resonant al e-spring s.ste!" '6peri!ental results de!onstrate that a 3"3 !s transition ti!e ade,uate for 2 =rp! engine speed, reasona0le power consu!ption, and low al e seating elocit. are o0tained with the design" [544] G" Aa0elo, 1" Mof!ann, and -" Fluc=, "'!ulation of the static and d.na!ic 0eha iour of a wind-tur0ine with a dc-!achine dri e," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2103" &n this stud. a separatel. e6cited >C -achine dri e is used to e!ulate the !echanical dri e train of a wind power station with a dou0l.-fed induction generator under real conditions" %he static and d.na!ic characteristics of the wind tur0ine are !odelled through a 3-!ass oscillating s.ste!, representing the tur0ine, the gear 0o6 and generator !o!ent of inertia connected 0. elastic shafts" %his !odel is i!ple!ented within a software en iron!ent and generates the reference alues of tor,ue and speed to dri e the >C--achine" %he fluctuations of the wind speed e6cite the s.ste! !odes and oscillations with the resonance fre,uencies are generated" %hese effects are trans!itted through the >C!achine dri e to the generator shaft, ena0ling !ore realistic conditions for the e6peri!ental rig" %his paper shows the !odelling of the s.ste! and construction of the e6peri!ental rig, as well as e6peri!ental results" [545] C" Aa0=ows=i, -" Nowa=, C" -atul=a, and A" Garli=, "4utput currents e,uali7ation for parallel connected three-phase pw! 0uc= rectifiers," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2#10" %he three-phase )1- 0uc= rectifier with wide output oltage range see!s to 0e a pro!ising solution for renewa0le energ. sources" 1hen the de!anded no!inal power is greater than single rectifier capa0ilit., the paralleling of con erters is necessar." Durther!ore, a proper !odulation strateg. allows the

reduction in si7e of the 8C filter" Gut in the case of parallel con erters a s.!!etrical distri0ution of the power load !ust 0e guaranteed" Gecause of transfor!er-less connection it is highl. pro0a0le that >C currents 0eco!e un0alanced as a result of non-identical ele!ents and input oltages distortions" %herefore an algorith! is re,uired to =eep output currents differences inside the accepta0le 0andwidth" Gased on the e6a!ple of two parallel-connected )1- 0uc= rectifiers, the paper descri0es output current 0alancing !ethods with !ean alues of the output oltages correction" (fter a theoretical 0ac=ground, a uni ersal e,uali7ation algorith! is presented" Aesults of the tests conducted on a !odular s.ste! 2<ti!es/2 =+( rectifiers controlled 0. fi6ed-point %-*320D2#12 confir!s the fle6i0ilit. of the proposed solution" [542] M" Aader!acher, G" >" *ch!idt, and A" 1" >e >onc=er, ">eter!ination and co!parison of losses of single phase !ulti-le el in erters with s.!!etric suppl.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 442#" %his paper co!pares different topologies of three-le el oltage-source in erters for industrial and household (C-consu!ers with appro6i!atel. 2 =1 of no!inal power" >ue to the specific re,uire!ents on this application, the in erter has to operate fro! a s.!!etrical >C-lin= and supplies a single-ended load 0. a half-0ridge topolog. instead of the con entional full 0ridge configuration" %o increase the ,ualit. of the output oltage and to !ini!i7e the si7e of the output filter, !ulti-le el topologies are 0est suited for this application" %his paper focuses on the losses of the se!iconductors of different three-le el topologies" (nal.tical !ethods for the calculation of conduction and switching losses are used to co!pare the topologies" %o confir! the calculated results, the two !ost pro!ising topologies ha e 0een set up in a la0orator. en iron!ent and tested under ariations of load and power-factor" &t is 0e shown that the hard-switching &FG%-N)C-in erter topolog. gi es the 0est perfor!ance in applications which are !ostl. operated in the range of #0H to $5H of their no!inal power with a resisti e to inducti e load" [543] %" *" Aadwan, -" Nasir ?ddin, and -" (" Aah!an, "( new and si!ple structure of fu77. logic 0ased indirect field oriented control of induction !otor dri es," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 32$0" %his paper presents a no el speed control sche!e using a new and si!ple structure of fu77. logic controller KD8CL for an induction !otor K&-L dri e" %he proposed D8C is de eloped to ha e less co!putational 0urden, which !a=es it suita0le for real-ti!e i!ple!entation" %he para!eters of the D8C are tuned 0. genetic algorith! KF(L" %he co!plete dri e incorporating the D8C is successfull. i!ple!ented in real-ti!e using a digital signal processor 0oard >* 1102 for a la0orator. 1 hp induction !otor" %he efficac. of the proposed D8C 0ased &- dri e is erified 0. si!ulation as well as e6peri!ental results at arious d.na!ic operating conditions" %he proposed D8C is found to 0e a ro0ust for high perfor!ance industrial dri e applications" [54#] M" Aaffel, %" )etter, and G" 4rli=, "*er o s.ste! with a ,uasi-direct con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 32$5" Dast electric dri e s.ste!s li=e ser o dri es are characteri7ed 0. high d.na!ic and precision as well as good control response" &n the process auto!ation industr., highl. d.na!ic and precise handling s.ste!s are especiall. of i!portance" &n the ro0ot industr. for fast loading and unloading operations and for transportation operations the dri es predo!inantl. used are !odern ser o dri es" %he. ha e a co!pact design as well as offering high d.na!ic trans!ission of the !otion with consistent repetition and s.ste! sta0ilit." %he total s.ste! has to 0e considered with regard to the dri e" %he electronic and !echanical co!ponents of the fre,uenc. con erter and the !achine, the interaction 0etween the power and signal electronics and last 0ut not least the ther!al 0eha ior are all factors that influence the choice of dri e" %he necessar. 0ra=ing operations together with high-speed !otions cause unwanted heat in the switched 0ra=ing resistor of the dri e s.ste!" G. the use of a ,uasi-direct con erter with d.na!ic energ. reco er., high te!peratures in the con erter s.ste!s will 0e a oided" %he research of the &(8G in the field of the ,uasi-direct con erter technolog. deli ers practical la0orator. results and testing routines for ser o dri es with rated power up to 10 =1" %he e6peri!ental set-up of the ,uasi-direct con erter construction is presented on a test stand and the features of this con erter t.pe and the possi0ilit. of !ini!i7ing the

olu!e and as well as the weight are e6a!ined" &n addition, these t.pes of con erters per!it a reduction of the nu!0er of parts as well as to reducing the generation of heat, the '-& filter si7e at the !ains, and thus the costs" [54$] '" >" Aaga, C" *" Costa, *" *egui, D" Fi!eno, and *" 4rts, ">irect coupling 0etween photo oltaic !odule and a pw! con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1$#3" %he paper descri0es the control of a )ulse 1idth -odulated power con erter for direct coupling with a photo oltaic !odule generator without storage accu!ulators" %he )+ !odule will 0e wor=ing at a point near the !a6i!u! power point K-))L, with a selected operating oltage" %he loads can 0e s!all >C !otors for !o ing seed !ills, pu!ping water, fridges, fans and so on" %he control circuit i!ple!entation is si!ple and cheap at the sa!e ti!e that ro0ust and relia0le" *i!ulation and hardware are included in the paper" *.ste!s protections and possi0le adIust!ents are also proposed" [550] (" Aah!an and (" J" *" Ghat, "*!all-signal anal.sis of a soft-switching, new gating sche!e controlled single-stage 0ridge ac-to-dc con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1$2" *!all-signal anal.sis of a soft-switching single-stage ac-to-dc 0ridge con erter that e!plo.s a special gating techni,ue is presented" %he well-=nown state a eraging techni,ue K12L is e6tended for s!allsignal anal.sis of this single stage ac-to-dc con erter" Dre,uenc. responses of control-to-output and line-tooutput transfer functions are o0tained" Control-to-output response is erified 0. )*)&C' si!ulation for a 1"3 =1, 420 + output, 122 + to 225 + ac Kr"!"s"L input, protot.pe con erter" Gased on the anal.sis, the feed0ac= co!pensation networ= is also designed for this con erter" [551] -" B" Aa!li, B" *ala!, 8" *" %oh, and C" 8" Nge, "( 0idirectional high-fre,uenc. lin= in erter using center-tapped transfor!er," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3##3" &n this paper, a 0idirectional high-fre,uenc. lin= in erter is proposed" %he !ain feature of the in erter is that the electrical isolation is pro ided 0. a high-fre,uenc. center-tapped transfor!er" Durther!ore, the sinusoidal )ulse 1idth -odulation !ethod is !odified so that the transfor!er can 0e utili7ed near to its full potential" (s a result, the power switches count is reduced, and the efficienc. increased" ( 1=1 protot.pe in erter is 0uilt and t.pical results are presented" [552] *" Aatanapanachote, M" C" Cha, and )" N" 'nIeti, "( digitall. controlled switch !ode power suppl. 0ased on !atri6 con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2233" Migh power teleco!!unication power suppl. & s.ste!s consist of a 3-phase switch !ode rectifier followed 0. a >C->C con erter to suppl. loads at -4#+ >C" %hese rectifiers draw significant har!onic currents fro! the utilit., resulting in poor input power factor with high total har!onic distortion K%M>L" &n this paper, a digitall. controlled 3-phase switch !ode power suppl. 0ased on a !atri6 con erter is proposed for teleco!!unication applications" &n the proposed approach, the !atri6 con erter directl. con erts the low fre,uenc. K50;20M7, 3-phaseL input to a high fre,uenc. K10;20 =M7, 1-phaseL (C output without a de-lin=" %he output of the !atri6 con erter is then processed ia a high fre,uenc. isolation transfor!er to produce -4#+ >C" >igital control of the s.ste! ensures that the output oltage is regulated and the input currents are of high ,ualit. under ar.ing load conditions" >ue to the a0sence of de-lin= electrol.tic capacitors, power densit. of the proposed rectifier is e6pected to 0e higher" (nal.sis, design e6a!ple and e6peri!ental results are presented fro! a 3-phase 20#+, 1"5=1 la0orator. protot.pe con erter" [553] C" Aech and C" A" )inheiro, "8ine current har!onics reduction in h.0rid !ultile el con erters using phaseshifting transfor!ers," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp"

2525" %his paper proposes a new arrange!ent to & i!ple!ent the dc oltage sources of h.0rid !ultile el in erters in acti e power transfer applications, using onl. uncontrolled rectifiers and phaseshifted secondar. windings" (s each cell of a h.0rid !ultile el in erter usuall. processes distinct power le els, this paper then proposes a new design !ethodolog. to deter!ine the phase shifts a!ong the secondaries of the input isolation transfor!er, e en when the acti e power le els processed 0. the uncontrolled rectifiers are une,ual" ( set of phase angles is o0tained to !ini!i7e, and e en to eli!inate, desired low-order har!onics of the input current, in particular the fifth har!onic, since this har!onic co!ponent presents an a!plitude considera0l. higher than the a!plitude of the other har!onics" &n conse,uence, the proposed design !ethodolog. increases the input power factor and reduces the input current %M>" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental results are presented to de!onstrate the feasi0ilit. of the proposed structure" [554] C" Aech and C" A" )inheiro, "New repetiti e control s.ste! of pw! in erters with i!pro ed d.na!ic perfor!ance under non-periodic distur0ances," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 54" (lthough repetiti e controlled )1- in erters present an e6cellent stead.-state perfor!ance e en under se ere nonlinear c.clic loads, the. do not present a good d.na!ic perfor!ance under nonperiodic distur0ances" (i!ing to sol e this pro0le!, this paper proposes an algorith! for i!pro ing the transient response of repetiti e controlled )1- in erters under non-periodic distur0ances, such as sudden linear load changes or re!o al of a nonlinear c.clic load" %he proposed algorith! is 0ased on the anal.sis of the output error 0eha ior to identif. the occurrence of a non-periodic distur0ance" 4nce identified the occurrence of this distur0ance, it is possi0le to reset the repetiti e control action so that the repetiti e controller can storage the correct infor!ation concerning this new load" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental results are presented K1 =+( W 110 +9su0:A-*9;su0:L to illustrate the good perfor!ance of the proposed algorith! under different load conditions" [555] *" Aees and ?" (!!ann, "New stator oltage controller for high speed induction !achines fed 0. currentsource in erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 541" Deeding !odern high speed induction !achines directl. 0. oltage-source in erters leads to intolera0le disad antages such as stator winding stress and rotor o erheating" ?sing current-source in erters a oids these disad antages 0ut then wea=l. da!ped resonant circuits ha e to 0e controlled within a wide fre,uenc. range" %he 0asic sta0ilit. pro0le!s of =nown !odulation strategies for currentsource in erters 0ased on pulse-width !odulation render the control of these resonant circuits e en !ore difficult" &n this paper a new stator oltage controller 0ased on a ti!e-discrete !odulation !ethod is presented, which sol es this 0asic pro0le!, as the resulting control loop is funda!entall. sta0le" Mence the filter capacitors can 0e di!ensioned al!ost without li!itations, Iust according to the re,uire!ents of the dri e" Gecause of its funda!ental sta0ilit. the presented stator oltage controller si!plifies the design and di!ensioning of the superi!posed stator current and speed controller considera0l., reducing the e6penditure to control such a co!ple6 high speed dri e s.ste!" -easure!ents ta=en on a !odel plant with an output power of 35 =1 and a no!inal speed of 30000!in-& pro e the feasi0ilit. of the presented stator oltage control loop: 0oth in stead.-state operation and during transients the stator oltages and stator currents run al!ost sinusoidall." [552] M" ?" Aeh!an, "( tor,ue controlled induction !otor dri e s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 32#5" paper presents a field oriented induction !otor dri e s.ste! which can function as a controlla0le source of tor,ue with fast d.na!ic response and thus can achie e an ade,uate control perfor!ance" %he proposed dri e s.ste! includes an accurate and ro0ust flu6 and tor,ue esti!ator" %he newl. designed flu6 and tor,ue esti!ators =eep the !achine field oriented and can o erco!e pro0le!s of an. alteration in the transfor!ation and tor,ue ripples" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental results are presented to

show the effecti eness of the proposed dri e s.ste!" [553] 5" Aen, -" Ou, D" C" 8ee, and )" Ou, "%he opti!al 0us oltage stud. for 12 two-stage r 0ased on an accurate anal.tical loss !odel," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 431$" %oda.Es single stage +A directl. con erter 12+ input to around 1"3 +" %he e6tre!el. s!all dut. c.cle dra!aticall. i!pacts the perfor!ance and li!its +AEs switching fre,uenc." &n this paper, twostage approachX for 12+ +A [5] is 0riefl. introduced first" Co!pared with the con entional single stage approach, the two-stage approach shows !uch 0etter perfor!ance at high fre,uenc. application" Gut, how to choose the 0us oltage is still not clear" &n order to identif. the opti!al 0us oltage of two-stage approach, an accurate anal.tical loss !odel is 0uilt, which considers the parasitic inductors and the nonlinear capacitors of the de ices and shows !uch 0etter accurac. than con entional loss !odel" Gased on this !odel, !an. factors, such as the switching fre,uenc., the de ices, output oltage and parasitic co!ponents are in estigated" %he conclusion is that 5 + is the opti!al 0us oltage for high fre,uenc. application" ( protot.pe is 0uilt to erif. the anal.sis results" [55#] 5" Aen, -" Ou, C"-*" 8eu, and D" C" 8ee, "( fa!il. of high power densit. 0us con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 523" %his paper 0egins 0. re iewing current 0us con erters and e6ploring their li!itations" %hen a fa!il. of inductor-less 0us con ertersX is proposed to o erco!e the li!itations" &n the new 0us con erter, !agneti7ing current is used to achie e 7ero- oltage-switching KB+*L turn-on for all switches" %he resonant concept is used to achie e 7ero-current-switching KBC*L without turn-off loss and 0od. diode loss" -eanwhile, the self-dri en !ethod can 0e easil. applied to sa e dri e loss in the s.nchronous rectifiers" Gased on these concepts, a full-0ridge 0us con erter is 0uilt in the ,uarter-0ric= si7e to erif. the anal.sis" %he e6peri!ental results indicate that it can achie e $5H efficienc. at 5001, 12+;45( output" Co!pared with industr. products, this topolog. can dra!aticall. increase the power densit." [55$] C" (" Aestrepo, (" C" -illan, A" F" Marle., and %" F" Ma0etler, "Cot-ann-pw! single-phase s.nchronous rectifiers without line- oltage sensors," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3#5$" %he ai! of this wor= is to present an approach for attaining a practical i!ple!entation of a continuall. online trained artificial neural networ= KC4%-(NNL regulating a )1- single phase s.nchronous rectifier without line- oltage sensors, to control the line or source current to a )1- oltage source in erter" %he line oltage sensor is eli!inated 0. a oltage esti!ator" *i!ulations are used to test the alidit. of the algorith! and the results are later erified 0. a practical i!ple!entation of this rectifier" [520] C" -" Aetif, O" 8in-*hi, (" -" 8lor, and D" -orand, "New h.0rid direct-tor,ue control for a winding rotor s.nchronous !achine," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 143#" &n this paper, we present a no el control strateg. for !otor dri ers, which we ha e called Eh.0rid direct-tor,ue controlE" Gased on !odels of 0oth !otor and in erters, the h.0rid control uses a for!al representation of in erter-!achine 0eha ior to deter!ine the opti!al switching state and ector application ti!e" &n contrast to con entional direct-tor,ue control, which is 0ased on the presence of h.steresis controllers and a switching ta0le, the h.0rid control in ol es trac=ing reference alues of the electrical state in the state space" 40ser ers and esti!ators of tor,ue and flu6 are unnecessar." %his control sche!e is applied to a winding rotor s.nchronous !otor" [521] A" 8" (" Ai0eiro, C" G" Caco0ina, 4" 4" Gar0osa, (" -" N" 8i!a, and '" A" C" >a *il a, "( !odified load co!!utated in erter-fed induction !otor dri e s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 133#"

( new !odified load co!!utated current source in erter K-8CC*&L induction !otor dri e that e!plo.s a standard load co!!utated current source in erter K8CC*&L together with a oltage source in erter s.ste! connected to the !achine side, as an utilit. power interface K?)&L is presented" (t nor!al operation, the 8CC*& supplies the power de!anded 0. the !otor and the ?)& co!pensates the har!onic power, pro iding part of the reacti e power re,uired to acco!plish the natural co!!utation of 8CC*& th.ristors" %his operational condition results in !achine sinusoidal currents" %he ?)& is also e!plo.ed for starting up the induction !achine and for achie ing a suita0le perfor!ance at the low speed operation range of the dri e" %he proposed !otor dri e topolog. is interesting since it presents a co!petiti e 0enefit;cost ratio in co!parison with the standard sche!es" '6peri!ental and si!ulation results are presented to alidate the feasi0ilit. of the proposed !otor dri e s.ste!" [522] ?" M" Aieder, -" *chroedl, and (" '0ner, "*ensorless control of an e6ternal rotor p!s! in the whole speed range including standstill using dc-lin= !easure!ents onl.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 12#0" &n this paper a concept will 0e presented that allows the control of an e6ternal rotor per!anent !agnet s.nchronous !achine 0. using >C-lin= current !easure!ents onl." Dor position detection, sensorless !ethods using Iust >C-lin= !easure!ents are i!ple!ented - the &ND4A--!ethod in the low speed range including standstill and a 0ac=-e!f 0ased !odel for high speed" >C- oltage !easure!ents are useful in case of ar.ing >C-lin= oltage e"g" in generatoric !ode" %he presented algorith!s result in a sensorless high tor,ue - low-cost s.ste! that is ector controlled in the whole speed range and hence has higher perfor!ance co!pared to sensorless state of the art s.ste!s" %he algorith!s are i!ple!ented on a 120it >*) with )1- and Capture;Co!pare-?nits" %he >C-lin= current !easure!ent is interrupt-0ased and thus a ti!e critical e ent that is triggered 0. the Capture;Co!pare-?nits of the space ector )1-" &ts functionalit., restrictions and li!its are e6plained and discussed in detail" &n the low speed range the )1dut. c.cles are too short for interrupt-triggered >C-lin= current !easure!ents" &n this operation area, the se,uence of the &ND4A--!ethod can directl. 0e used to get current infor!ation" Durther!ore the sensorless !ethods and their !odifications for using >C-lin= !easure!ents onl. will 0e e6tensi el. e6plained" Dinall. !easure!ent results will 0e presented, discussed and co!pared to a classical encoder0ased ector oriented !achine with respect to accurac. and noise" [523] J" Aig0ers, *" *chroder, %" >ur0au!, -" 1endt, and A" 1" >e >onc=er, "&ntegrated !ethod for opti!i7ation of power electronic circuits," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4433" %he opti!i7ation of a power electronic circuit with respect to different criteria and specification is a difficult tas=, since in !ore co!plicated circuits not all dependencies are as clear as desira0le" %his paper presents a new !ethod for opti!i7ation 0ased on auto!atic se,uential si!ulations, configuration, co!ponent design and e aluation using a co!0ination of -atla0 and )*pice" 4nce the 0asic !odel has 0een set-up in )*pice, -atla0 !-files are used to ar. para!eters according to user defined 0oundar. conditions" (ll control loops are designed auto!aticall. using applica0le control laws for each configuration 0. the e!plo.ed )*pice >*) !odel" %he different losses and "0est" co!ponents are deter!ined auto!aticall. using the o0tained wa efor!s and se eral data0ases" %his approach has 0een used to opti!i7e a three-phase in erter for grid connection" [524] C" -" Ai as, A" *" 1ah0., C" *" *hafran, and >" C" )erreault, "New architectures for radio-fre,uenc. dc;dc power con ersion," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4034" %his docu!ent proposes new architectures for switched-!ode dc;dc power con ersion" %he proposed architectures ena0le dra!atic increases in switching fre,uenc. to 0e reali7ed while preser ing features critical in practice, including regulation of the output across a wide load range and high light-load efficienc." %his is achie ed in part 0. how the energ. con ersion and regulation functions are partitioned" %he structure and control approach of the new architectures are descri0ed, along with representati e

i!ple!entation !ethods" %he design and e6peri!ental e aluation of protot.pe s.ste!s with cells operating at 100 -M7 are also descri0ed" &t is anticipated that the proposed approaches will allow su0stantial i!pro e!ents in the si7e of switching power con erters to 0e achie ed and, in so!e cases, to per!it their integrated fa0rication" [525] C" Ai etta and F" (" 1illia!son, "8arge-signal anal.sis and control of 0uc= con erters loaded 0. dc-dc con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3235" %he d.na!ic 0eha ior of the 0uc= con erter feeding downstrea! >C->C con erters is studied in this paper" >C->C con erters acting as a load are !odeled as constant power loads e6cept at low oltage, where the 0eha ior of the start-up circuitr. is included" ( co!prehensi e large-signal anal.sis of a 0uc= con erter including o er-current protection and feeding the descri0ed load is perfor!ed" %his paper addresses the transient process of the con erterEs start-up and turn on;off of loads consisting of >C->C con erters and gi es design considerations to assess perfor!ance and sta0ilit. ro0ustness of a si!ple proportional-deri ati e controller" [522] N" Ai7oug, )" Gartholo!eus, G" +ulturescu, )" 8e -oigne, and O" )ierre, "+oltage sharing in supercapacitor !odules: '6peri!ental stud.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2$0" %he ai! of this wor= is a 0eha ioral stud. of the supercapacitors !odules under conditions si!ilar to an industrial application" &n this article, the test 0ench used to stud. this pro0le! is presented with its !ain characteristics" %hen a c.cling process is proposed and results are presented" %hese results show the great dependence 0etween the te!perature of each ele!ent and the oltage dispersion" [523] C" Aoca0ert, -" -" >u!enIo, C" Gordonau, and C" (" Geristain, "( regenerati e acti e cla!p circuit for dc;ac con erters with high-fre,uenc. isolation in photo oltaic s.ste!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 20#2" >C;(C con erters with high-fre,uenc. isolation and 0idirectional power flow are e6tensi el. used in photo oltaic power s.ste!s and s!all isolated power con erters at low and !ediu! power ranges" %he !ain disad antages of these circuits are: high freewheeling loss of the pri!ar. lea=age current, li!ited B+* range for the lagging leg switches, the effects of the parasitic ele!ents of the s.ste!s and others" %o a oid these losses an energ. reco er. circuit 0ased on an acti e oltage cla!per is presented" %he control circuit is designed ha ing a nu!0er of soft switching transitions" %he s.ste! has 0een erified 0. si!ulation and a protot.pe is 0eing tested" &n this paper we present an energ. reco er. s.ste! and a !odulation se,uence for the c.clocon erter" %he energ. reco er. s.ste! is 0ased on an acti e oltage cla!per/ the oltage pea=s energ. is returned to the source" Durther!ore, the presented !odulation se,uence is designed to ha e a !a6i!u! nu!0er of soft-switching transitions independent of the electric aria0les/ which !eans !ini!u! losses and independence on !easure!ent s.ste!s li!itations for !odulation" [52#] -" Aodic, J" Ce7erni=, and -" %rlep, "( feedforward approach to the d.na!ic e!ulation of !echanical loads," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 45$5" ( si!ple practical approach to the testing of aria0le speed and tor,ue dri es with the application of the d.na!ic e!ulation of !echanical loads is presented" Goth, linear and non-linear d.na!ics can 0e applied" %he e6peri!ental s.ste! consists of the dri e under test, which is !echanicall. connected to the acti e loading s.ste!" %he e!ulation procedure is perfor!ed 0. the closed-loop calculation of the tor,ue, applied 0. the load !achine, in such a !anner that the input;output 0eha ior of the e6peri!ental s.ste! rese!0les the one of the dri e under test propelling the e!ulated load" ( si!ple feedforward sche!e, co!0ined with a feed0ac= controller, is used" &n contrast to e6isting references the !ethod is si!ple and re,uires no tor,ue !easure!ent e,uip!ent" (lso the influence of the nonlinear d.na!ics of the e6peri!ental s.ste! is discussed" %he !ethod can 0e used for the e aluation of the control algorith!s, regardless the control and esti!ation !ethods used" %he applied load !achine is assu!ed to 0e

tor,ue-controlled with high precision" (n induction !otor is used as a dri e !achine and a G8>C !achine is used as a load !achine" (lgorith!s are de eloped with the use of -atla0;*i!ulin= and e6peri!ents are e6ecuted with the use of the d*)(C' s.ste!" [52$] C" Aodrigue7, C" )ontt, A" Muerta, and )" New!an, "24-pulse acti e front end rectifier with low switching fre,uenc.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3513" Migh-power !ediu! oltage con erters face the issues of the networ= interaction, relia0ilit. and efficienc." &n addition, 4-,uadrant operation is needed for D(C%*, distri0uted generation and regenerati e dri e s.ste!s" %his wor= presents a 24-pulse acti e-front-end rectifier K(D'L with low switching fre,uenc." %he s.ste! has four units, each one configured with a three-phase three-le el N)C (D' rectifier K38(D'L" %he 24-pulse 0eha ior is 0uilt 0. the transfor!ersE connection with <plus!n/3"5<deg/-degree displace!ent at the pri!ar. side" Dor achie ing low switching fre,uenc., a !odulation pattern 0ased on a selecti e har!onic eli!ination )1- techni,ue K*M')1-L is e!plo.ed" 1ith onl. 3 switching angles, the lowest inIected har!onic orders are the 43 9sup:th9;sup: and 4$9sup:th9;sup:" *i!ulated and e6peri!ental results show the good perfor!ance at the !ains side with unit. power factor and low har!onic distortion" Durther reduction of re!aining 439sup:th9;sup: and 4$9sup:th9;sup: har!onic orders is discussed" %his solution !a. 0e applied in high-power regenerati e s.ste!s li=e downhill con e.ors, !ill dri es and wind!ills, allowing the i!pro e!ent of the o erall s.ste! efficienc. and the reduction of si7e and cost of large power har!onic filters" [530] C" Aodrigue7, C" )ontt, C" *il a, )" Cortes, ?" (!!an, and *" Aees, ")redicti e current control of a oltage source in erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 21$2" %his paper presents the application of predicti e current control in a oltage source in erter" %he !ethod uses a discrete-ti!e !odel of the s.ste! to predict the future alue of the load current for all possi0le oltage ectors generated 0. the in erter" %he oltage ector which !ini!i7es the current error at the ne6t sa!pling ti!e is selected" %he perfor!ance of the proposed predicti e control !ethod is co!pared with h.steresis and )1- control" %he results show that the predicti e !ethod controls er. effecti el. the load current and co!pares er. well with the classical solutions" [531] C" Aodrigue7, C" )ontt, C" *il a, *" Jouro, and M" -iranda, "( no el direct tor,ue control sche!e for induction !achines with space ector !odulation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 13$2" &n this paper a new !ethod for >irect %or,ue Control K>%CL 0ased on load angle control is de eloped" %he use of si!ple e,uations to o0tain the control algorith! !a=es it eas. to understand and i!ple!ent" Di6ed switching fre,uenc. and low tor,ue ripple are o0tained using space ector !odulation" %his control strateg. o erco!es the !ost i!portant draw0ac=s of classic >%C" Aesults shows the feasi0ilit. of the proposed !ethod, o0taining good speed control 0andwidth while o erco!ing classic >%C draw0ac=s" [532] (" Aohrich, M" Mirsch, and N" *eliger, "'!c-opti!ised design of a con erter power stage 0. reduction of surface currents," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #2" &n !odern !otor ehicles the increasing de!and on electric power offers no el applications for power electronic co!ponents and s.ste!s" (part fro! the functional 0eha ior the 'lectro!agnetic Co!pati0ilit. K'-CL for these co!ponents has to 0e ensured" ( co!!on wa. is to in estigate, if the de ices co!pl. with the li!its of the applica0le standards, when the first speci!en is a aila0le" >ependent on the fre,uenc. range electro!agnetic interferences can 0e reduced or e en suppressed on the one hand 0. using suita0le filters, on the other hand with special design features within the pac=aging- and interconnecting technolog." (n in estigation of the electro!agnetic 0eha ior should ideall. ta=e place in the preli!inar. stages of the de elop!ent or during the design phase" Dor this purpose in estigations using field si!ulation tools are useful, 0ecause the. allow an esti!ation of the '-C 0eha ior while ar.ing

di erse para!eters" &n this paper the '-C perfor!ance of a power con erter design for an integratedstarter-generator K&*FL for the 42 + powernet is in estigated 0. si!ulation" %his con erter is set up using a three-di!ensional pac=aging- and interconnecting technolog., which eludes the co!!on in estigation practices for printed circuit 0oards K)CGL" %he !odel for the field si!ulation consists of surface structures" %he con enience of this surface !odel is the calcula0ilit. of surface currents, which are itall. i!portant for the electro!agnetic e!ission" [533] 1" (" Aoshen, "1inding loss fro! an air-gap," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1324" ( si!ple treat!ent is pro ided for the fringing fields of an air-gap in the core of a !agnetic co!ponent such as an inductor or a transfor!er" (ppro6i!ate anal.tical for!ulas for the fields show good agree!ent with finite-ele!ent calculations" %hese for!ulas are then applied to the calculations of highfre,uenc. edd. current losses for two t.pes of windings, wh=h e!plo. conductors with rectangular cross section" %he rectangular conductors are co!!onl. used in fle6 circuit windings" %he two t.pes of windings are flat and 0arrel wound" >istincti el. different 0eha ior is found for the two t.pes of windings as a function of the position of the conductor" %he applications to the circular conductors such as a wire are also discussed" [534] 1" (" Aoshen, C" *" Jor!an, and 1" >au!, "'!0edded !agnetics for integrated power," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2423" ( new transfor!er;inductor technolog. is introduced which is suita0le for integrated power for !ultichip !odules K-C-L, in ol ing 0oth digital and !icrowa e chips" %he transfor!er;inductor is e!0edded within the cera!ic su0strate, as are the chips and other co!ponents" &t pro ides for e6tre!el. tight secondar. side circuit la.outs, with er. low and fi6ed lea=age inductance" %he core consists of a 0otto! ferrite plate and the winding is constructed using high densit. interconnect techni,ues KM>&L such as la!inating dielectric la.ers and depositing winding !etals using sputtering followed 0. electroplating" 1inding patterns are etched using photoresist and wet etching techni,ues" (nd !ultiple ia are used to connect different pri!ar. and secondar. winding la.ers ( confor!al !etal !as= is used to laser-drill through KlargeL holes for the posts of the top part of the core" (n e6peri!ental 50-1att, 2-pole transfor!er has 0een 0uilt using these techni,ues" &t operates at 1"0 -M7 with efficienc. approaching $#"5H and has net height of a0out 0"0# inch" [535] J" Aothenhagen and D" 1" Duchs, ")erfor!ance of diagnosis !ethods for ig0t open circuit faults in oltage source acti e rectifiers," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 434#" Dault diagnosis of electrical dri es is 0eco!ing !ore and !ore i!portant toda., since aria0le speed dri es ha e 0eco!e industrial standard in !an. applications" (s an integral part of the dri e, !an. faults occur within the in erter" 4ne possi0le fault within the in erter is an open circuit transistor fault, whose diagnosis is su0Iect of this paper" %he practical perfor!ances of se eral open-circuit fault diagnostic !ethods are tested in si!ulation and e6peri!ent" (n o er iew of the different strategies is gi en, including the algorith!s used to locali7e the open transistor" *i!ulation results are presented and show different capa0ilities of each diagnostic strateg. in ter!s of effecti it. and false alar! resisti it. for a oltage source in erter used as an acti e rectifier" %he e6isting !ethods are further de eloped and adapted to a closed loop controlled acti e rectifier" (n e6peri!ental setup in the la0orator. is used to alidate si!ulation results" %.pical detection results are presented including ti!e-to-detection !easure!ents" [532] -" Aouti!o, -" *alo, and M" %uusa, "( no el si!ple prediction 0ased current reference generation !ethod for an acti e power filter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3215" %his paper presents a no el current reference generation !ethod for an acti e power filter" %he !ethod is si!ple and it uses data collected in pre ious periods to generate a current reference prediction"

%his is used as a reference at the stationar. operating point of the load" Gecause in transient state the prediction no longer holds true, a co!putational control dela. co!pensation !ethod is used instead" Changing the algorith! according to the operating point guarantees effecti e har!onic co!pensation 0oth in stationar. and d.na!ic state" &n this paper the proposed reference generation techni,ue is applied to the control of a oltage source shunt acti e power filter" %he s.ste! perfor!ance and efficienc. are e6a!ined through !easure!ents" [533] '" &" Ati7-Ai era and D" )eng, "( no el !ethod to esti!ate the !a6i!u! power for a photo oltaic in erter s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2025" %his paper descri0es a no el !ethod to appro6i!ate the !a6i!u! power for a photo oltaic in erter s.ste! for solar distri0uted generation" &t is designed for power s.ste!s applications and utilities" %he proposed !ethod ta=es in consideration the interaction 0etween solar panels, photo oltaic in erter, -a6i!u! )ower )oint %rac=ing K-))%L control, solar panel dc side d.na!ic !odel and the effecti e intensit. of light o er the solar panel" %he new !ethod has the ad antage to pro ide a new si!ple wa. to appro6i!ate the opti!al oltage or rated oltage K+opL, the opti!al or rated current K&opL and !a6i!u! power rating K)!a6L produced 0. a solar panel and the photo oltaic in erter" Durther!ore, this straightforward !ethod will 0e na!ed 8inear Aeoriented Coordinates -ethod K8AC-L with the ad antage that )!a6 and +op can 0e appro6i!ated using the sa!e aria0les as the d.na!ic !odel without using co!plicate appro6i!ations or %a.lor series" Dinall., so!e si!ulations results are presented" [53#] O" Auan and D" 8iu, "(n i!pro ed 7 s pw! full-0ridge con erter with cla!ping diodes," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1432" )hase-shifted B+* )1- full-0ridge con erter reali7es B+* and eli!inates the oltage oscillation caused 0. the re erse reco er. of the rectifier diodes 0. introducing a resonant inductance and two cla!ping diodes" %his paper i!pro es the con erter Iust 0. e6changing the position of the resonant inductance and the transfor!er such that the transfor!er is connected with the lagging leg" %he i!pro ed con erter has se eral ad antages o er the original counterpart, e"g", the cla!ping diodes conduct onl. once in a switching c.cle, and the resonant inductance current is s!aller in 7ero state, leading to a higher efficienc. and reduced dut. c.cle loss" ( 0loc=ing capacitor is usuall. introduced to the pri!ar. side to pre ent the transfor!er fro! saturating, this paper anal.7es the effects of the 0loc=ing capacitor in different positions, and a 0est sche!e is deter!ined" ( 2#501 protot.pe con erter is 0uilt to erif. the effecti eness of the i!pro ed con erter and the 0est sche!e for the 0loc=ing capacitor" [53$] C" Audolph, %" 8ac7.ns=i, and G" 4rli=, "*ensorless field oriented control of induction !otors considering !ain flu6 saturation effects on test signal inIection," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2302" %he field oriented control of induction !otor dri es without a speed sensor re,uires the calculation of the flu6 ector and the speed 0. a !odel fro! stator oltages and currents" &n the case of fault. esti!ation of the flu6 ector, e"g", due to incorrect !odel para!eters, the sta0ilit. of the s.ste! is at ris=" Calculating an orientation error 0etween the esti!ated !odel flu6 ector and the real flu6 ector supplies infor!ation to sta0ili7e the sensorless control loop" (t higher stator fre,uencies this orientation error can 0e calculated directl. fro! the stator oltage e,uation, while at lower stator fre,uencies a test signal is applied" %he orientation error is esti!ated su0se,uentl. fro! the s.ste!Es response to the test signal" ( new !ethod is proposed, which considers !ain flu6 saturation while calculating the flu6 ector e en down to 7ero hert7 stator fre,uenc., thus ensuring sta0le operation in the entire tor,ue-speed-plane" [5#0] )" Aueda, *" Fhani, and )" )erol, "( new energ. transfer principle to achie e a !ini!u! phase and continuous current 0oost con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2232" %he con entional Goost con erter is widel. used for !an. different applications in spite of its li!itations regarding d.na!ic perfor!ance, due to its Aight-Malf-)lane 7eros, and discontinuous output

current" (n alternati e 0oost con erter 0ased on a capaciti e energ. transfer has 0een proposed in the past to o erco!e the a0o e !entioned draw0ac=s, 0eing the need of a floating dri er its !aIor disad antage" %his paper introduces a new energ. transfer principle allowing 0oth to ha e continuous current and to eli!inate the AM) 7ero without the need of a floating dri er" &t also co!pares the new con erter with the capaciti e energ. transfer counter-part and presents G;G sta0ilit. test results" [5#1] C" 8" Aussi, -" 8" -artins, and M" 8" Me., "B t pw! con erters with !agneticall. coupled au6iliar. oltage source: ( unified co!parati e theoretical-e6peri!ental anal.sis," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 12#2" %his paper proposes a generali7ed circuit diagra! for B+% )1- con erters with !agneticall.-coupled au6iliar. oltage source" %his generali7ed circuit is anal.7ed, its operation !odes are deri ed and the general operation constraints are defined" G. !eans of this general topolog., pu0lished B+% )1- con erters with !agneticall. coupled au6iliar. oltage source can 0e s.ste!ati7ed and 0etter e aluated" Gased on the approach presented, the turns ratio N is deter!ined for each topolog. anal.7ed, guaranteeing a !ore realistic soft-switching 0oundar." &n addition, a co!parati e anal.sis is presented of the olu!e of the !agnetic ferrite cores and of the current ratings through the transfor!er windings" ( co!parati e anal.sis of efficienc. is presented together with e6peri!ental results, o0tained fro! 1 =1 100 =M7 la0orator. protot.pes, which confir! the alue of the proposal and theoretical anal.sis" [5#2] C" *a0ate, 8" C" Farces, )" -" *7c7esn., @" 8i, and 1" D" 1irth, "Migh-power high-fidelit. switching a!plifier dri ing gradient coils for !ri s.ste!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 221" -agnetic Aesonance &!aging K-A&L s.ste!s use an a!plifier to dri e the gradient coils with se eral hundred a!peres and oltages in e6cess of 1500 +" %he fast response and e6tre!el. low coil current errors needed for good i!age ,ualit. in -A& s.ste!s are one of the !ain challenges for the designer" %his paper presents new power stage architecture for the gradient a!plifier, and two different control !odulation techni,ues" %he power stage consists of three full-0ridges in a stac= configuration operated with interlea ed switching to deli er the re,uired output oltage with high-fre,uenc. current ripple" 4ne of the 0ridges has 400+ input oltage and switches at high fre,uenc. to pro ide high 0andwidth, the other two 0ridges ha e #00+ and switch at lower fre,uenc. for loss reduction" %he !odulation techni,ue is crucial to achie e the re,uired wa efor! accurac./ a full. digital control pro ides great fle6i0ilit. on the control" %he paper e6plores two !odulation options/ one that !ini!i7es the switching losses, 0ut that will re,uire 0i-directional power supplies for so!e wa efor!s, and another with higher losses 0ut !ore suited for ar0itrar. wa efor!s" %he e6peri!ental results show the wa efor! accurac. fro! the a!plifier i!ple!entation with the selected control" [5#3] -" *aeedifard and (" A" Ga=hshai, "+ector classification and oltage control in pw! three-le el in erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4411" &t has recentl. 0een recogni7ed that the deplo.!ent of !ulti-le el con erters can 0e efficient fro! the iew point of con erter power rating and its output oltage ,ualit." 4n the contrar., increasing the nu!0er of con erter le els results in control and power circuit co!ple6it." 4n the other hand, 0enefits of neutral cla!ped !ultile el con erters KN)CL highl. rel. on the dc side capacitor oltage 0alancing" %his paper pro ides e6peri!ental e idences that the use of recentl. proposed ector classification sche!e along with a new oltage 0alancing techni,ue can considera0l. sol e the !ultile el pro0le!s" %he proposed sche!e is eas. to i!ple!ent, needs less hardware and software, pro ides accurate switching instances and 0alances the neutral point oltage properl." [5#4] *" J" *ahoo, *" J" )anda, and C" O" Ou, "&terati e learning control 0ased direct instantaneous tor,ue control of switched reluctance !otors," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4#32" &n this paper, iterati e learning control K&8CL 0ased direct instantaneous tor,ue controller

K>&%CL for *A- is proposed" >irect tor,ue control a oids the con ersion of de!anded !otor tor,ue into e,ui alent phase current references/ which is non-tri ial due to the coupled and non-linear tor,ue, current and rotor position relationship" %he instantaneous tor,ue controller is capa0le of !ini!i7ing *A- tor,ue ripples in addition to accurate a erage tor,ue control" %or,ue ripples are intolera0le for !an. high perfor!ance applications, especiall. at low speeds" %he proposed controller uses a sliding !ode controller K*-CL co!0ined with &8C for accurate tor,ue trac=ing" &8C is effecti e in !ini!i7ing tor,ue ripples during stead. state operations" >ue to the finite ti!e re,uired for &8C learning, there will 0e a perfor!ance degradation during transient periods" %he paper shows the design of an *-C for i!pro ing control perfor!ance during transient periods as well" ?nli=e the case of sliding !ode controller alone, where a high gain switching control is added to the !odel-0ased e,ui alent control/ &8C iterati el. learns and co!pensates for an. !odel inaccurac." %hus the proposed sche!e does not re,uire an accurate plant !odel, 0ut at the sa!e ti!e, !a=es use of an. a aila0le plant =nowledge in i!pro ing tor,ue control perfor!ance" '6peri!ental results are pro ided which show the effecti eness of the proposed >&%C sche!e" [5#5] -" *aito, %" %a=eshita, and N" -atsui, "( single to three phase !atri6 con erter with a power decupling capa0ilit.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2400" %his paper deals with a new approach for single to three phase !atri6 con erters" &n al!ost all of these con erters, three-phase oltages and currents are distorted 0ecause of the inherent fluctuation of single-phase instantaneous power" 4n the contrar., in our proposed !atri6 con erter, that fluctuation is co!pensated for and three-phase oltages and currents can 0e controlled to 0e pure sine wa e" 4ur circuit is co!posed of the con entional single to three phase !atri6 con erter circuit, an (C reactor and three 0idirectional switches" G. using the single-phase instantaneous acti e and reacti e power theor. Kthe ps-,s theor.L, the ripple co!ponent on the single-phase instantaneous power is detected and is stored in the (C reactor" *o!e significant characteristics are erified 0. !eans of a si!ulation with a 200+;3"3=w )!otor" [5#2] C" *alaet, *" (lepu7, (" Fila0ert, and C" Gordonau, "Co!parison 0etween two !ethods of d, transfor!ation for single phase con erters control" (pplication to a 3-le el 0oost rectifier," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 214" %he paper discusses the anal.sis and control of single-phase (C s.ste!s 0. !eans of rotating fra!es" %wo !ethods for the >-@ transfor!ation are co!pared in ter!s of co!putational re,uire!ents, transient response and sensi0ilit." 4ne of the transfor!ation !ethods is 0ased on sine and cosine co!position, while the other uses a 0i-phase transfor!ation" %he co!parison has 0een done using si!ulation and an e6peri!ental protot.pe of a three-le el N)C 0oost rectifier" [5#3] *" *ala!a, "*i!ulation of power electronics s.ste!s using "si!upec": %he new power electronics tool0o6 for "si!ulin=;!atla0"," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 340$" %his paper descri0es a new power electronics tool0o6 *i!u)ec designed to 0e used with -atla0;*i!ulin= [registered trade!ar=] fro! the -ath1or=s &nc" %he paper e!phasis two features of *i!u)ec in the *i!ulin= en iron!ent na!el. [Closed Circle] -odeling of nonlinear co!ponents" [Closed Circle] Circuit partitioning and decoupling" -odeling of nonlinear co!ponents with *i!u)ec can 0e reali7ed directl." *i!u)ec auto!aticall. lineari7e the co!plete electric circuit a0out the operating point" Circuit partitioning and decoupling could 0e applied to si!ulate large co!ple6 power electronics s.ste! using !an. s!all su0s.ste!s" %his techni,ue allows significant speed i!pro e!ent co!pared to !odeling the co!plete power electronics s.ste! in one *-function 0loc=" &n addition it !a=es the s.ste! eas. for!ulate and progra! in parallel processing en iron!ent" [5##] *" (" *aleh and -" (" Aah!an, "1a elet-0ased d.na!ic oltage restorer for power ,ualit. i!pro e!ent," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3152"

%his paper presents a no el !ethod for power ,ualit. i!pro e!ent e!plo.ing wa elet anal.sis" ( wa elet filter 0an= is used to detect and classif. arious distur0ances e6perienced 0. the oltage on the load side" ( d.na!ic oltage restorer is used to co!pensate the oltage under distur0ance conditions and !aintain the rated load oltage" %he input and the output oltages of the >+A are 0oth controlled 0. the wa elet filter 0an= outputs" %he appro6i!ations control the input oltage to the (C->C con erter" %he control pulses of the >C-(C in erter are controlled 0. the details" >ifferent t.pes of distur0ances are si!ulated to test the perfor!ance of the proposed control sche!e" %he proposed wa elet 0ased control sche!e successfull. pro ided fast and accurate oltage restoration following an. for! of transient distur0ances" [5#$] C" *al!on and M" Bhang, "( h.0rid current controller for a 1-phase pw! rectifier co!0ining h.steresis and carrier-0ased sche!es to achie e a 7ero current error and unipolar pw! wa efor!s," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 123$" ( current controller is descri0ed for 1-phase pw! rectifiers that co!0ines 0oth the functionalit. of h.steresis-0ased and carrier 0ased controllers" %he de elop!ent of this current controller is descri0ed with the aid of generic )1- controllers that use a sinusoidal !odulating signal and a signal integrator" %hese controllers !i!ic the operation of the 1-phase pw! rectifier and are used to deter!ine the opti!al gain-constant associated the current-error feed0ac= signal" %he resultant current controller is relati el. insensiti e to ariations in rectifier para!eters such as the suppl. inductance and the dc lin= oltage !agnitude" %he controller co!0ines the e6cellent current wa eshaping a0ilit. of h.steresis-0ased controllers together with the constant switching fre,uenc. of carrier-0ased controllers" %he !ain controller features include: real-ti!e generation of the sinusoidal a!plitude !odulation signal fro! the pw! signal/ eli!ination of phase-shifts caused 0. the li!ited rate-of-change of the rectifier current/ a near 7ero currenterror o er a pw! half-c.cle/ no s=ewing effects in the current-error signal" *i!ulation results, using a perunit s.ste! of alues, are used to illustrate the step-0.-step de elop!ent of the current controller" ( >*)0ased controller is used, together with an &FG% rectifier, to de!onstrate the e6peri!ental operation of the controller" [5$0] -" *alo and M" %uusa, "'6peri!ental results of the current-source acti e power filter with a new control dela. co!pensation !ethod," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3132" &n this paper an e6peri!ental results for a new control s.ste! of the current-source acti e power filter is presented" %he control s.ste! includes a si!ple !ethod for co!pensating the sa!pling and calculation dela.s of the digital control s.ste!" %he co!pensation in the proposed !ethod is achie ed using the regular 8C filter of the acti e power filter as an energ. storage for load currents and no additional co!ponents is needed in the !ain circuit Durther!ore, the calculation power de!and of the co!pensation !ethod is er. low and is therefore suita0le for single-chip !icrocontroller i!ple!entations" %he proposed control s.ste! is reali7ed using a 32-0it -otorola -)C555 !icrocontroller" [5$1] (" -" *anche7, -" *an7, )" (lou, A" )rieto, and C" (" Co0os, "'6peri!ental alidation of an opti!i7ed pie7oelectric transfor!er design with interlea ing of electrodes," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #41" &nterlea ing of electrodes in )ie7oelectric %ransfor!ers K)%sL consists on placing the electrodes of the secondar. side in 0etween the electrodes of the pri!ar. side or ice ersa" ( new configuration of interlea ed electrodes was proposed and anal.7ed in a pre ious paper using !odels" &n this paper, the e6peri!ental alidation of its features is presented, showing that interlea ing of electrodes i!pro es not onl. )% perfor!ance 0ut also the whole power con erter" ( 20 sa!ples 0atch of this new )% design has 0een tested, including repeata0ilit. studies which are useful to anal.7e the !anufacturing tolerances" [5$2] )" *anchis, (" ?rsua, '" Fu0ia, and 8" -arro.o, "4peration and control of a high perfor!ance in erter consisting of a 0uc=-0oost and a 7ero switching losses h-0ridge for photo oltaic s.ste!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 20#$"

%his paper anal.ses the control of a especial in erter topolog. consisting of a Guc=-Goost and a M-0ridge in which the first one generates a rectified output oltage and the second one in erts one of each two half c.cles" (s a conse,uence, the M-0ridge co!!utates at twice the line fre,uenc. and, what is !ore i!portant, at 7ero oltage" *witching losses are therefore 7ero, and glo0al losses of the in erter topolog. are er. s!all achie ing thus a high perfor!ance" &n addition, the ac output oltage can 0e lower or greater than the dc input oltage" Goth properties !a=e this topolog. er. interesting for photo oltaic s.ste!s" %he !ain draw0ac= of the structure is that the Guc=-Goost has to 0e controlled in a aria0le operating point condition" %his paper proposes two new control loops for the inductor current and the output oltage that include different co!pensations and feed-forward loops" %his control strateg. !a=es possi0le a fast and accurate control of the in erter output oltage" &n addition, it achie es a high i!!unit. to e6ternal pertur0ations such as input oltage and output load distur0ances" *i!ulation tests show the ro0ust perfor!ance in these situations as well as in case of transient short circuits and non-linear loads connection" [5$3] )" *anchis, (" ?rsua, '" Fu0ia, and 8" -arro.o, "Guc=-0oost dc-ac in erter: )roposal for a new control strateg.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3$$4" %he Guc=-Goost dc-ac in erter is a special topolog. consisting of two Guc=-Goost dc-dc con erters that generate an ac output oltage in a single stage" %his is achie ed 0. !eans of dri ing 0oth Guc=-Goost dc-dc con erters with two 1#0<deg/ phase-shifted de-0iased sinusoidal references" %he differential output oltage is therefore an ac output oltage whose pea= alue is independent of the dc input oltage" %he ad antageous configuration of the Guc=-Goost dc-ac in erter Kac oltage generated in a single stage, reduced nu!0er of se!iconductors, s!all losses, output oltage naturall. filtered, no dependence on the input oltage le el, etc"L has a draw0ac= related to the control of 0oth Guc=-Goost, as the. are re,uired to wor= in a aria0le operating point condition" %his paper proposes a new dou0le-loop control strateg. for 0oth Guc=-Goost dc-dc con erters that includes different co!pensations and feed-forward loops that !a=e possi0le a fast and accurate control of 0oth con erters in a aria0le operating point condition" &n addition, the proposed strateg. achie es a high i!!unit. to e6ternal pertur0ations such as input oltage and output load distur0ances" *i!ulation tests show the ro0ust perfor!ance in these situations as well as in case of transient short circuits and non-linear loads connection" [5$4] '" *anchis-Jilders, (" Derreres, '" -aset, C" G" 'Iea, +" 'ste e, C" Cordan, A" Farcia, and (" Farrieos, "Migh power passi e soft switched interlea ed 0oost con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 422" %he present proIect was de eloped in order to find a high power Kgreater than or e,ual 5=1L, high efficienc. step-up con erter which could 0e used as a 0atter. discharge regulator" 'fficienc. should 0e higher than $3H, !ass should 0e lower than 2"5=g, no gal anic isolation was re,uired and -%GD should 0e as large as possi0le" %a=ing into account all these para!eters our proposed solution has 0een two interlea ed Goost con erters with passi e soft switching" [5$5] (" *andali, (" Cheriti, )" *icard, and J" (l-Maddad, "(pplication of pd! control to a !ultile el ac;ac con erter with self power factor correction," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2##1" %he application of )ulse >ensit. -odulation K)>-L control to a rectifier - series resonant in erter set !a=es it possi0le to i!ple!ent an ac;ac con erter with good perfor!ances Ksi7e and efficienc.L" %he con erterEs power factor decreases, howe er, when the load power decreases" 1e propose a )>- control strateg. adapted to a !ultile el ac;ac con erter using se eral in erters to o0tain !utual co!pensation of the har!onic distortion" %he set presents a power factor close to 1 for power le els ranging 0etween 100;F9sup:29;sup: H and 100 H of the full power, where F is the nu!0er of in erters in the s.ste!" [5$2] 1" C" *antana, 8" '" G" >a *il a, 8" '" 8" >e 4li eira, +" D" >a *il a, and F" 8" %orres, "13"#= series acti e power filter i!ple!entation using a noise-tolerant algorith!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual

Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" $5#" %his wor= shows a practical i!ple!entation of a *eries (cti e )ower Dilter for oltage regulation and oltage har!onics co!pensation on a 3-phase 13"#=+ 0us" &t is shown how a 13"#=+ 0us can 0e co!pensated, e en using a 220+ low cost &FG% in erter" )ro0le!s of the proposed topolog. are shown as well their solutions, 0. !eans of !odifications in traditional control algorith!s" ( Noise-%olerant algorith!, 0ased on a !odified id-i, !ethod, is also presented" %he paper e6plains wh. con entional techni,ues are sensiti e to data ac,uisition noise and shows where the ulnera0ilit. is located" *i!ulation results are presented to co!pare the two techni,ues" '6peri!ental results, for the 13"#=+ 0us, are also shown" [5$3] (" *antolaria, C" Galcells, >" Fon7ale7, C" Fago, and *" >" Fil, "'!i reduction in switched power con erters 0. !eans of spread spectru! !odulation techni,ues," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2$2" *pread *pectru! Cloc= Feneration techni,ues K**CFL were originall. de eloped to reduce '-& in co!!unications and !icroprocessor s.ste!s wor=ing in the range of hundreds of -M7" %he wor=ing principle consists of !odulating the original constant cloc= fre,uenc., in order to spread each single har!onic energ. into a certain fre,uenc. 0and, thus reducing a!plitudes at each indi idual fre,uenc." Nowada.s, the switching fre,uenc. of power con erters has 0een increasing up to alues that !a=e feasi0le the application of such techni,ues to reduce '-& e!issions in power circuits" %his paper deals with **CF applied to reduction of '-& e!issions in *witched )ower Con erters, following certain !odulation profiles" &t is focussed on stud.ing the effecti eness of '-& reduction as a function of fre,uenc. ranges, !odulation profiles and other !odulation para!eters" ( 0uc= con erter, whose switching fre,uenc. can 0e swept fro! 100 =M7 to 1-M7, has 0een used for e6peri!ental alidation" Conducted distur0ances produced 0. the con erter, using different !odulation para!eters, were !easured and co!pared with those produced 0. the sa!e con erter when dri en with the classical constant fre,uenc., aria0le dut., switching pattern" *ignificant reductions in conducted '-& !a. 0e o0ser ed" 4pti!al !odulation profiles and para!eters are identified" [5$#] -" *an7, (" -" *anche7, )" (lou, A" )rieto, C" (" Co0os, and C" ?ceda, "*tep 0. step !ulti-la.er pie7oelectric transfor!er design procedure," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 422$" )ie7oelectric %ransfor!ers K)%sL pro ide se eral ad antages co!pared to !agnetic co!ponents that are higher power densit., lower radiated noise and higher oltage isolation capa0ilit." D% !ust 0e properl. designed to 0enefit the power con erter with the ad antages afore!entioned" &n this paper, a step 0. step procedure to deter!ine the electrode area, the t.pe of !aterial, the nu!0er and thic=ness of the la.ers and the electrode distri0ution considering power topolog. restrictions is presented" [5$$] -" *an7, (" -" *anche7, C" (" 4li er, A" )rieto, C" (" Co0os, and C" ?ceda, "Dea 0ased !odel of !ulti-la.er pie7oelectric transfor!er wor=ing in thic=ness !ode," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4#1$" )ie7oelectric %ransfor!er K)%L design re,uires Dinite 'le!ent (nal.sis KD'(L tools, 0ecause its perfor!ance depends strongl. on its shape K2>;3> effectL" %he !ain draw0ac= of these tools is that the. do not pro ide the electrical !odel needed to design the power con erter" Ne ertheless, the e6isting electrical !odels onl. ta=e into account the !ain direction of i0ration K1>L" &n this paper, a procedure to i!pro e &> !odel para!eters 0. ta=ing into account D'( tool infor!ation is proposed" [200] G" *aracoglu, -" Jale, and '" 47de!ir, "( no el techni,ue for opti!al efficienc. control of induction !otor fed 0. pw! ig0t ac chopper," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3353"

%his paper presents a new techni,ue for opti!al efficienc. control K4'CL of three-phase induction !otor K&-L fed 0. a (C chopper or oltage regulator with pulse-width !odulated K)1-L controller 0ased on the concept of &nstantaneous )ower %heor. K&)%L or p-, theor." %his strateg. allows decoupled control of real and i!aginar. instantaneous powers and their co!ponents in the !otor and al!ost unit. power-factor on the !ains side of the dri er" %his paper outlines the 0asic algorith!, circuit diagra!, e6peri!ental test stud. and si!ulation results of the proposed !ethod and its perfor!ance" &t is also presented the e6peri!ental results of 4'C of the &- i!ple!ented 0. an autotransfor!er" [201] %" *ar=ar and *" J" -a7u!der, "(!plitude, pulse-width, and wa elength !odulation strategies for an opticall.-controlled power d!osfet," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3004" 1e illustrate the switching perfor!ance of a no el opticall.-triggered power -4*D'% K4%-4*L for three different optical !odulation techni,ues" &t integrates a silicon K*iL 0ased power -4*D'% and two galliu!-arsenide KFa(sL 0ased photoconducti e-triggering 0loc=s for Eall-opticalE turn-on and turnoff of the 4%--4*" 1e in estigate the effecti eness of a!plitude, pulse-width, and wa elength !odulation techni,ues to rapidl. turn-on and turn-off the 4%--4*" %he 4%--4* can eli!inate the pro0le!s encountered in con entional high-fre,uenc. gate dri ers due to electro!agnetic interference K'-&L" Durther!ore, the design of the gate dri ers for a low- or a high-side 4%--4*, unli=e a con entional electricall. triggered power -4*D'%, is the sa!e/ this leads to si!plified gate-dri er architectures for two-and !ultile el power-electronic con erters" [202] %" *awa and %" Ju!e, "-otor dri e technolog. - histor. and isions for the future," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2" *ince the in ention of the !otor which con erts electrical energ. into !echanical energ., it has 0een used in all =inds of applications the range of which continues to e6pand" Durther!ore, in order to !atch the speed of !otors to the opti!u! operating point of a dri en !achine or application, the efforts to de elop aria0le speed dri e technolog. ha e also ad anced" +aria0le speed !otor dri es re,uire power electronics and it can 0e said that this wor= has contri0uted to the prosperit. of toda.Es world wide econo!. and allows people to enIo. a !ore co!plete social life" 4n the other hand, the le el of the electric power used for dri ing !otors accounts for the largest proportion of industrial electric power, and thus it is i!possi0le to disregard its influence on the glo0al en iron!ent" %his paper ta=es the iewpoint of adIusta0le speed of !otors" &t re iews 5as=awaEs progress in technolog. and product de elop!ent and also introduces the !easures of our co!pan. for the future" &n addition, reference is also !ade to the future of !otor dri e technolog." [203] -" *awada, (" *ugi, -" &wa.a, *" JaIiwara, *" -atsunaga, J" -ochi7u=i, and N" DuIishi!a, "( high densit., low on-resistance p-channel trench lateral power !osfet for high side switches," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4143" ( %rench 8ateral )ower -4*D'% K%8)-L has a uni,ue structure" %he gate is for!ed on the trench sidewall, and the drain is connected with !etal wire at the 0otto! of the trench" %his structure ena0les high de ice densit. co!pared to con entional lateral >-4*s" ( p-channel %8)- for high side switches has 0een first integrated" ( specific on-resistance of 2# !<4!ega/-!!9sup:29;sup: with a 0rea=down oltage of 35+ has 0een reali7ed" %his is the 0est specific on-resistance in this oltage class for a p-channel lateral power -4*D'% e!0edded with logic de ices" )-channel, n-channel %8)- de ices and a 0"2<!u/! Gi-C-4* are fa0ricated on the sa!e silicon wafer, thus a s.nchronous switching con erter can 0e i!ple!ented on a single chip" [204] +" +" A" *carpa, C" (" Fallo, D" A" +incen7i, D" 8" %ofoli, '" (" (" Coelho, 8" C" >e Dreitas, +" C" Darias, and C" G" +ieira Cr, "( new topolog. of three-le el half 0ridge in erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3#33" %his paper proposes a new half-0ridge three-le el in erter topolog." %he structure is ,uite

si!ple and e!plo.s a reduced nu!0er of co!ponents, i!pl.ing increased ro0ustness, low olu!e and weight and also high power densit." %he anal.tical stud. of the con erter is descri0ed, and so!e results are presented in order to alidate the proposal" [205] D" *chaf!eister and C" 1" Jolar, "No el !odulation sche!es for con entional and sparse !atri6 con erters facilitating reacti e power transfer independent of acti e power flow," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2$13" %wo no el !odulation sche!es are proposed which facilitate the transfer of reacti e power fro! the load side to the !ains side of a three-phase (C-(C *parse -atri6 Con erter K*-CL or a Con entional -atri6 Con erter" %he deri ation of the !odulation sche!es which rel. on a decoupling of the output oltage and the input current for!ation is descri0ed in detail" Durther!ore, the operating li!its concerning !odulation inde6 and reacti e current !agnitude are deter!ined" Dinall., all theoretical considerations are erified 0. digital si!ulations and !easure!ents on a 3"5=1 protot.pe of a +er. *parse -atri6 Con erter" [202] *" *chroder, >" >etIen, )" Jollensperger, and A" 1" >e >onc=er, "'6peri!entall. alidated circuitsi!ulation !odel of th.ristor-t.pe de ices 0ased on se!iconductor ph.sics," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 211" (ccurate circuit-si!ulations of power-electronic circuits need precise de ice !odels" ?nfortunatel., all co!!erciall. a aila0le circuit si!ulation progra!s lac= suita0le !odels of high-power th.ristor-t.pe, i"e" F%4, FC% or -%4, de ices" &n this paper, a circuit-si!ulation !odel of th.ristor-t.pe de ices is presented and e aluated" %he !odel is 0ased on se!iconductor ph.sics and allows transient ther!al si!ulations" %he si!ulation results are co!pared to !easure!ents on a high-power test-0ench showing e6cellent agree!ent" 1hen the operating conditions, i"e" load current, dc-0us oltage and de ice te!perature, are aried, e6cellent agree!ent re!ains 0etween !easure!ents and si!ulations" %his proofs the large range of alidit. of these new !odels" [203] F" *chro!, )" Ma7ucha, C" Mahn, >" *" Fardner, G" (" Gloechel, F" >er!er, *" F" Narendra, %" Jarni=, and +" >e, "( 4#0-!h7, !ulti-phase interlea ed 0uc= dc-dc con erter with h.steretic control," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4302" 1e propose an on-chip 1"#+-to-0"$+ >C->C con erter ai!ed to reduce the input current and decoupling re,uire!ents of future !icroprocessors" G. utili7ing a $0-n! C-4* process, e!plo.ing a four-phase h.steretic control, and operating at ultra-high fre,uenc. of 4#0--M7, we achie ed a 10H output droop with onl. 2"5nD of on-chip decoupling, for 0"5( of load current" No off-chip decoupling was connected to the output" (t 4#0-M7 the !easured efficienc. was 32H" (t 250-M7, the efficienc. i!pro ed to 32H at the cost of a 13H droop or larger decoupling of 11"5nD" ( con erter with 100( rating would re,uire a capacitor of 0"5<!u/D, which is co!para0le to the si7e of an on-chip capacitor of a t.pical !icroprocessor" [20#] 8" *chuch, C" Aech, and C" A" )inheiro, "New integration concept of au6iliar. co!!utation circuits: B t case stud.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4121" %his paper proposes the concept of integrated B+% au6iliar. co!!utation circuits applied to s.ste!s with power con ersion !ulti-stages" 1ith this concept, it is possi0le to reduce the nu!0er of additional ele!ents as well as to !ini!i7e the circulating reacti e energ." ( new integrated B+% au6iliar. co!!utation circuit is applied to a dou0le-con ersion ?)* to de!onstrate the functionalit. of this new concept" G. using this new circuit, the !ain switches operate under soft-co!!utation of B+% t.pe, and the au6iliar. switches are turned-on and turned-off under BC* or B+*" '6peri!ental results of a 1=1W100=M7 protot.pe are presented the feasi0ilit. of the proposed concept" [20$] A" -" *chup0ach and C" C" Galda, "New energ.-storage unit for hea .-dut. ehicles enco!passing coldweather starting," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp"

23#2" ( *tandard 8ight &gnition K*8&L 0atter., the ehicle energ. storage ele!ent, !ust deli er !a6i!u! energ. and !a6i!u! power" %hese design re,uire!ents are self-e6cluding/ conse,uentl., co!pro!ises !ust 0e !ade in the 0atter. design" &ncreasing energ. de!ands of the ehicle electric accessories are !o ing this technolog. towards its li!its" New *8& 0atter. designs are not pro iding the re,uired energ. densit. and cold cran=ing capa0ilities Ki"e", !a6i!u! powerL at te!peratures as cold as -40<deg/D" %his paper e6plores a solution that uses an ultracapacitor pac= in parallel with the starter !otor and a unidirectional dcdc con erter recharging the pac= fro! the ser ice 0atter." %his dc-dc con erter allows opti!al charging of the pac=" %he ser ice 0atter. could contri0ute a portion of the starter !otor power using the con erter" 8astl., load le eling of the ehicle electric accessories, and hence i!pro ed oltage regulation, can 0e pro ided to the ehicle power s.ste! at a cost 0. adding to the con erter the 0idirectional power flow feature" [210] A" -" *chup0ach and C" C" Galda, "35 =w ultracapacitor unit for power !anage!ent of h.0rid electric ehicles: Gi-directional dc-dc con erter design," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2153" %he wor= presented in this paper focuses on the design of a half-0ridge dc-dc con erter for the power electronics interface of energ.-storage units for a fuel-cell sport utilit. ehicle" *e eral design options are e6plored/ na!el.: single stage s" !ultiple interlea ed stages, and continuous s" discontinuous conduction !ode" %hese design options are weighed against the design goals of !ini!u! cost, high efficienc. at low output power le els, and !ini!u! olu!e and weight to allow for high integration" *pecial e!phasis is gi en to the i!pact that the wide input oltage re,uire!ents Ki"e", fro! 150 + to 230 +L has on the co!ponent stresses" [211] *" *egui, D" Fi!eno, *" 4rts, A" -asot, and -" (lcani7, "Control of shunt un0alanced power acti e co!pensators for reacti e and as.!!etr. eli!ination in four wire electrical s.ste!s using s.!!etrical co!ponents," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 313$" %he paper presents a new !ethod for o0taining the reference currents for a *hunt ?n0alanced )ower (cti e Co!pensator K*?)(CL, wor=ing under un0alanced oltages and as.!!etrical linear loads" %he reference currents are o0tained using the ?nif.ing %heor. of 'lectrical )ower K?%')L [1-2]" ?%') has 0een successfull. applied to the control of power con erters for i!pro ing electric ,ualit. and opti!i7es the 0alance of the current supplied 0. the three-phase generator" %his s.ste! i!pro es efficienc." Dor the i!ple!entation of the ?nit 'fficienc. Control K?'CL the currents in the load and the oltages at the point of co!!on connection KpecL are transfor!ed to the respecti e direct, in erse and ho!opolar s.!!etrical co!ponents" %he de eloped s.ste! co!pensates the power losses in the &n erter Gridge and in the (C and >C 0uses with three currents in phase with the respecti e direct phase oltages or using photo oltaic panels connected to the >C 0us" %he s.ste! efficientl. i!pro es the electrical ,ualit. in three-phase s.ste!s when single-phase linear loads fro! line to neutral point are connected" %he digital control is achie ed with a >igital *ignal )rocessor K>*)L and the power section consists of a co!!ercial three-phase power in erter 0ridge and so!e interface cards" [212] (" A" *eidel, 8" D" )ereira, and A" N" >o )rado, "*elf-oscillating circuit 0eha ior e aluation through nonlinear d.na!ic s.ste!s anal.sis," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #21" %he 0eha ior of self-oscillating circuit used in electronic 0allast depends of the li!it c.cle presence due to its operational principle as a nonlinear control s.ste!" &n order to elucidate its 0eha ior, it can 0e represented through 0loc= diagra!s and !odeled in a point of iew of control s.ste!" &t allows deter!ine its 0eha ior !ore accuratel. using the e,uations solution that descri0es the circuit and to show the presence of li!it c.cle in this s.ste!" %he li!it c.cle can 0e o0tained through the solution of the transition state !atri6 shown in this paper"

[213]

'" *e!ail, O" Jestel.n, and (" Gousca.rol, "*ensiti it. of a 5-phase 0rushless dc !achine to the 39sup:th9;sup: har!onic of the 0ac=-electro!oti e force," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4524" %his paper presents a ector control of a 5-phase dri e co!posed of a 5-leg )ulse 1idth -odulation K)1-L +oltage *ource &n erter K+*&L suppl.ing a per!anent-!agnet Grushless >C KG8>CL !achine with trape7oidal wa efor! of the 0ac=-electro!oti e force K'-DL" %o achie e this control a -ulti-!achine -ulti-con erter !odel is used: the 5-phase !achine is transfor!ed into a set of two 2-phase fictitious !achines which are each one controlled in a Kd,,L fra!e as 3-phase !achines with sine wa efor! 0ac=-'-D" &n co!parison with the 3-phase G8>C dri es, the 5-phase ones present one particularit.: a high sensiti it. to the 39sup:th9;sup: har!onic of 0ac=-'-D" '6peri!ental results show that the 39sup:th9;sup: har!onic of 0ac=-'-D, which represents onl. 5H of A-* 0ac=-'-D, induces high a!plitude parasitic currents K2$H percent of A-* currentL" %he !odel allows to e6plain the origin of this sensiti it. and how to !odif. si!pl. the control algorith!" '6peri!ental i!pro e!ents of the dri e are presented"

[214]

%" *enana.a=e and %" Nino!i.a, "(uto-reset forward dc-dc con erter with self-dri en s.nchronous rectification," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3232" %he designing a >C->c con erter with diode rectifier in ol es se eral engineering tradeoffs that weigh efficienc. against cost and co!ple6it." Migher efficiencies can 0e o0tained when schott=. rectifiers are replaced 0. s.nchronous rectifiers, allowing lower oltage drops" &n this paper auto-reset s.nchronous rectifier inductor-switching forward >C->C con erter with self-reset !echanis! is proposed" (uto-reset cla!p which returns energ. stored in the lea=age inductance of the transfor!er to the power suppl. and the s.nchronous rectifier in input and output sides are increased the efficienc. !ore than $2H" Durther !ore fast transient response is achie ed 0. appl.ing the inductor-switching techni,ue, which was presented in our prior wor=" %he design of the concept is erified 0. e6peri!ent of 12+ input and 1"#+;12( output"

[215]

%" *enI.u, %" JinIo, J" ?e7ato, and M" DuIita, "(nal.sis of ter!inal oltage and output power control of wind tur0ine generator 0. series and parallel co!pensation using s!es," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 423#" &n recent .ear, the generating power fro! renewa0le energ. sources is co!ing up" )articularl., wind tur0ine generator K1%FsL is attracti e 0ecause of its ad antages such as, pollution free, no fuel cost, a0undantl. a aila0le in nature etc" Mowe er, the generated power and the 0us oltage is alwa.s fluctuating and it !ainl. depends on the wind speed" ( superconducting !agnetic energ. storageK*-'*L unit is capa0le of controlling 0oth the acti e and reacti e power si!ultaneousl. and ,uic=l." &n this paper, control s.ste!s for acti e;reacti e power si!ultaneous control and oltage control of the series and parallel co!pensator using *-'* is proposed" &t is show through si!ulations, that the controlling se,uence of charging and discharging of the *-'* coil effecti el. da!ps out the tie-line power oscillations and 1%FEs ter!inal 0us oltage fluctuations"

[212]

%" *enI.u, *" %a!a=i, N" ?rasa=i, J" ?e7ato, M" Miga, %" Duna0ashi, M" DuIita, and M" *e=ine, "1ind elocit. and rotor position sensorless !a6i!u! power point trac=ing control for wind generation s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2023" &n order to perfor! !a6i!u! power point trac=ing control of wind power generation s.ste!, it is necessar. to dri e wind!ill at an opti!al rotor speed" Dor that purpose, a rotor position and a wind elocit. sensors 0eco!e indispensa0le" Mowe er, fro! the aspect of relia0ilit. and increase in cost, rotor position sensor and wind elocit. sensor are not usuall. preferred" Mence, wind elocit. and position sensorless operating !ethod for wind power generation s.ste! using o0ser er is proposed in this paper" -oreo er, i!pro ing the efficienc. of the per!anent !agnet s.nchronous generator is also perfor!ed 0. opti!i7ing d-a6is current using the )owell !ethod"

[213]

1" *hen, D" 1ang, >" Goro.e ich, and 5" 8iu, ">efinition and ac,uisition of c! and d! e!i noise for general-purpose adIusta0le speed !otor dri es," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 102#" *eparating conducted '-& noise into different !odes, co!!on !ode KC-L and differential !ode K>-L, is i!portant to the appropriate application of e!ission reduction techni,ues" 1hile the C-;>- separation is well defined and understood for the single-phase or >C s.ste!, the sa!e cannot 0e said for three-phase con erter s.ste!s, co!!on for general-purpose adIusta0le speed dri es K(*>L" Gased on the stud. of C- and >- propagation characteristics of a three-phase diode-front con erter, this paper identif. different noise !odes for different front-diode conducting patterns" %he i!pact on '-& filter co!ponents 0. these noise !odes is su!!ari7ed" Dinall., a ti!e-do!ain 0ased !ethod is proposed to separate and ac,uire C- and >- noise co!ponents for the diode-front three-phase s.ste!s" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental erifications are presented"

[21#]

5" *hi, O" 5ang, @" Me, and B" 1ang, "Aesearch on a no el !ulti-le el !atri6 con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2413" ( new !ulti-le el !atri6 con erter is presented to alle iate har!onic co!ponents of the output oltage that can 0e used as !ediu! or high power fre,uenc. con erter" 4peration and current co!!utation strategies are discussed" %he alidit. of the proposed con erter is confir!ed 0. the e6peri!ental results" %o assess the proposed con erter, it is co!pared with the con entional !atri6 con erter under the identical conditions"

[21$]

J" *hiraishi, J" &!a!ura, 5" DuIii, -" Na=a!ura, %" (h!ed, -" Na=ao=a, and M" 1" 8ee, "(cti e au6iliar. resonant snu00er-assisted soft-switching pw! in erter with opti!u! gate pulse pattern se,uences and its p -s.ste! application," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3$31" %his paper presents an ad anced circuit topolog. and opti!u! gate pulse patterns for the oltage source 0ridge t.pe soft-switching )1- in erter, which incorporates a no el acti e au6iliar. 0ridge co!!utation leg, associated ,uasi-resonant snu00ers as the i!pro ed (AC) snu00er" &n this oltage source t.pe )1- in erter, all the !ain power switches and the au6iliar. power switches can achie e the 7ero oltage soft-switching KB+*L or the 7ero current soft-switching KBC*L" (nd the periodic stead. state circuit operation of this ,uasi-resonant 0ridge leg lin= snu00er including the au6iliar. switch is re,uired to achie e the soft-switching co!!utation" %he co!plete soft-switching co!!utation is possi0le onl. 0. deter!ining the gate ti!ing of the !ain switches and the au6iliar. switches, and the circuit para!eter design" *o the special resonant current and the current and oltage sensor control circuit to achie e soft-switching co!!utation are not necessar. for this resonant snu00er" &n addition, the opti!u! gate pulse pattern to !ini!i7e the power losses of the resonant snu00er treated here" %he >C di ided !iddle point co!posed of the electro.tic capacitor is unnecessar."

[220]

-" *ho.a!a, %" Na=a, and %" Nino!i.a, "Aesonant switched capacitor con erter with high efficienc.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 33#0" Con entional switched capacitor con erters ha e an inherent draw0ac= that their efficienc. is !uch decreased as the output current is increased" %his inherent draw0ac= is due to a periodical forced charging and discharging operation in the internal switched capacitors acco!panied 0. a large capacitor current, so that their efficienc. can not 0e increased 0. decreasing its internal resistance" (s a result, con entional switched capacitor con erters ha e 0een li!ited to 0e used with a er. s!all output current" %his paper presents so!e no el switched capacitor con erter topologies that use a resonant operation instead of the forced charging and discharging operation" %heir ad antage o er con entional switched capacitor con erters is a high efficienc. e en in a high output current region" %he operation anal.sis and stead.-state characteristics are descri0ed in detail for a half 0uc= t.pe switched capacitor con erter, and the. are confir!ed 0. e6peri!ents"

[221]

-" *ho.a!a, %" %su!ura, and %" Nino!i.a, "-chanis! of co!!on-!ode noise reduction in 0alanced 0oost switching con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1115" Gecause con entional switching con erters are usuall. using un0alanced circuit topologies, parasitic capacitance 0etween the drain of an -4*-D'% and the fra!e ground through its heat sin= !a. generate the co!!on-!ode conducted noise" 1e proposed a concept of 0alanced switching con erter circuit, which is an effecti e wa. to reduce the co!!on-!ode conducted noise of a switching con erter 0. current cancellation" &n this paper, the path of the noise current in a 0alanced 0oost con erter circuit is in estigated using a current pro0e" G. !easuring current wa efor!s and fre,uenc. spectra of the parasitic capacitances and the fra!e ground line, the !echanis! of the co!!on-!ode noise reduction 0. current cancellation is clarified"

[222]

C" *hu=la and G" F" Dernandes, "( no el acti e resonant snu00er for single switch unit. power factor threephase diode rectifiers," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3#1#" ( new acti e feed-forward snu00er for con entional three-phase )1- K)ulse 1idth -odulatedL 0oost rectifier using single switch operated in discontinuous conduction input current !ode K>C-L is proposed" &t is a resonant circuit consisting of a switch and passi e co!ponents and it ensures that the !ain 0oost switch will 0e switched under 7ero- oltage KB+L condition" (lso, the 0oost diode operates under soft switching condition" *ince the snu00er circuit is a resonant circuit, the au6iliar. switch itself has a soft turn-on and turn-off, resulting in reduced switching losses and electro!agnetic interference K'-&L" )erfor!ance of the con erter circuit is predicted 0. si!ulating it on *(G'A" ( la0orator. protot.pe deli ering 1=1 power at 245 +olts fro! #2"2+ 9su0:r!sK8-8L9;su0: is designed and de eloped" %he si!ulation results o0tained are erified e6peri!entall."

[223]

*" *iala, C" Gordas, C" 8" )ouli,uen, and -" D" Gen=horis, "'!0edded real ti!e si!ulator for co!ple6 power s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 322#" %his paper deals with real ti!e si!ulator that used for test of new algorith! control" &tEs focused on the algorith! used to sol e the glo0al s.ste!" (s an e6a!ple, a si!ulator of a *tato +ar Co!pensator is carried out" *e eral !ethods of !odelling are e6plored, in order to opti!ise the e6ecution ti!e and to auto!ate the e6tensi0ilit. of the !odel according to the nu!0er of passi e filters" %he state !atri6 of the !odel is diagonal per 0loc=" ( !ethod at constant e6ecution ti!e is ela0orate" &t gi es a good co!pro!ise precision;perfor!ances" ( !ethod of aria0le step si!ulation for Aange-Jutta !ethod is presented" %hat i!pro es the accurac. of th.ristor 0ridge wa efor!, running on >*) 0oard with 222<!u/s sa!pling ti!e" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental results show the high perfor!ances of the si!ulator and the great interest of this help tool for !anufactor. pre-tuning and co!!issioning" %he si!ulator is integrated into the industrial product and alidated on an e6peri!ental !odel of *tato +ar Co!pensator"

[224]

C" *ihler, "*uppression of torsional i0rations in rotor shaft s.ste!s 0. a th.ristor controlled de ice," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1424" %orsional i0rations and resonances can cause pro0le!s in !an. applications of electrical !achines ranging fro! industrial dri es to large s.nchronous generators" %he paper presents e6a!ples for torsional resonances !easured in the &)) e6peri!ental power suppl., an isolated power s.ste! 0ased on fl.wheel generators" (fter a routine chec= of these s.nchronous !achines, da!age to a coupling of one rotor shaft s.ste! was re ealed which can onl. 0e e6plained 0. an electro!echanical resonance, itself e6cited 0. acti e power transients fro! th.ristor con erter loads" 4nce the coupling was repaired, a no el power electronic de ice for da!ping the torsional i0rations was de eloped" %he power circuitr. of the de ice consists of a si6-pulse th.ristor 0ridge which is connected to a !agnet coil acting as a 0uffer storage of !agnetic energ." %he th.ristor con erter is feed0ac= controlled with the !easured first natural fre,uenc. of the shaft asse!0l." %hus, onl. little da!ping power is needed which results in a co!pact con erter design" ?p to now, two th.ristor controlled de ices were applied on different s.nchronous !achines in

!ore than 2000 d.na!ic load cases" *ince the. wor= de!onstra0l. relia0le and do not re,uire !odifications to the e6isting control or dri e s.ste!, applications to special-purpose industrial dri es are presentl. in estigated" [225] A" *ittig, (" Jr.sia=, and *" Ch!ielus, "-onolithic 0idirectional switches pro!ise superior characteristics," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2$33" %he -onolithic Gidirectional *witch, -G*, represents a new structure of a 0ipolar power de ice which was in ented fi e .ears ago" &t is a 0idirectional switch which can 0loc= oltages of 0oth polarities and turn on and off currents of either direction" %hus it is ideall. suited for !atri6 con erter applications" 1hen inserted in a oltage source in erter the sa!e -G* can pla. the role of the switch as well as the role of its antiparallel diode depending on actual operating condition" %he -G* consists !ainl. out of intrinsic silicon and reco!0ination centers are a oided at all" &t is controlled 0. -4* gates" %hese gates are applied on 0oth surfaces" %his allows to control the carrier concentration inside the 0ase" %hus no co!pro!ise has to 0e deter!ined for low forward oltage drop on one hand and low turn-off losses on the other" &nstead a high carrier concentration is chosen in the on state and the de ice is discharged 0efore proper turn-off" ( tight control of the gate oltages e en allows to control the switching transients during turn-on and turn-off" %his !a=es possi0le to adapt de ice characteristics to the actual de!ands of the circuit" [222] M"-&" *on, %"-C" Ji!, >"-1" Jang, and >"-*" M.un, "Dault diagnosis and neutral point oltage control when the 3-le el in erter faults occur," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 455#" -an. !ulti-le el in erter faults ha e detected using the o er oltage and the o er current in their s.ste!s" Mowe er, the fault detection of the switching ele!ents is er. difficult 0ecause the oltage and current according to each switching fault decrease !ore then the nor!al operation" %he dc-lin= un0alancing oltage when the 3-le el in erter faults occur causes a serious pro0le! in safet. and relia0ilit. of s.ste!" %herefore, this paper proposes the si!ple fault diagnose !ethod and the neutral-point oltage control !ethod that can protect a s.ste! fro! the un0alancing oltage of the dc-lin= capacitors when the of switching ele!ent faults in the 3-le el in erter occur that is er. efficient in ac !otor dri es of the high oltage and high power applications" %hrough e6peri!ental results, the superiorit. of the proposed !ethod is de!onstrated" [223] C"-M" *ong and &" Cho., "( rotor position sensorless control 0ased on neutral oltage co!pensation of 0rushless dc !otors," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1431" %his paper presents a new rotor position esti!ation !ethod for 0rushless >C !otors" %he esti!ation error of the rotor position clearl. pro o=es the phase shift angle !isaligned 0etween the phase current and the 0ac=-'-D wa efor!s, which causes tor,ue ripple in 0rushless >C !otor dri es" *uch an esti!ation error can 0e reduced with the help of the proposed neutral- oltage-0ased esti!ation !ethod, which is dtructured as a closed loop o0ser er" ( neutral oltage appearing during the nor!al !ode of the in erter operation is found to 0e an o0ser a0le and controlla0le !easure, which can 0e used for esti!ating an e6act rotor position" %his neutral oltage is o0tained fro! the >C-lin= current, the switching logic, and the !otor speed alues" %he proposed algorith!, which can 0e easil. i!ple!ented 0. using a single >Clin= current and the !otor ter!inal oltage sensors, is erified 0. si!ulation and e6peri!ent results" [22#] @" *ong, 1" 8iu, B" 5uan, 1" 1ei, and 5" Chen, ">c oltage 0alancing techni,ue using !ulti-pulse opti!al pw! for cascade h-0ridge in erters 0ased statco!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 432#" ( no el !ulti-pulse opti!al )1- techni,ue for *%(%C4- 0ased on cascade M-0ridge in erters is proposed" %he har!onics are suppressed using opti!i7ation techni,ues" Durther!ore the funda!ental output oltages of all the in erter cells are controlled to 0e e,ual to !a=e all the in erter cells

e,uall. share the e6changed power with power s.ste!, which is to !aintain the dc oltages as 0alance as possi0le" (t the sa!e ti!e the switching-pattern swapping techni,ue is used, and the dc oltages can 0e fairl. 0alanced" %he alidit. of the proposed !ethod is erified using the e6peri!ental results of a la0orator. protot.pe of 30= ar *%(%C4- 0ased on a 13-le el cascaded M-0ridges in erter" [22$] %" *ong, N" Muang, and (" &oino ici, ">c and s!all-signal anal.sis, and design of a no el 7 7cs three-le el con erter with reduced rectifier oltage stress," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 40$3" ( no el B+BC* three-le el )1- phase-shift controlled con erter with regenerati e passi e snu00er in the secondar. is considered" %he oltage stress on the rectifier diodes is reduced to nK+9su0:in9;su0:;2L Kn is the transfor!er turns ratioL 0. using a few additional ele!ents in the pri!ar.: two diodes, a s!all inductor and a s!all transfor!er winding" %he conditions assuring B+* of the leading leg and BC* of the lagging leg are found as a function of the load current" >esign constraints on the parallel capacitances of the switches of the leading leg, on the snu00erEs holding capacitor, and on the additional inductance and winding are hence esta0lished, allowing for an opti!i7ed =nowledgea0le design of the con erter para!eters" ( >C anal.sis allows for the calculation of the effecti e dut.-c.cle" %he >C characteristics of the proposed con erter are found for different alues of the dut.-c.cle" %he 0oost effect on the effecti e dut.-c.cle due to the proposed snu00er is pro ed"( s!all-signal !odel of the power stage and control-to-output transfer functions are deri ed, the da!ping effect of the proposed con erter is co!pared to that of a aila0le soft-switching con erters" '6peri!ents on a protot.pe of 4"5 =1 confir! the results" [230] 5" C" *ong and )" N" 'nIeti, "( high fre,uenc. lin= direct dc-ac con erter for residential fuel cell power s.ste!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4355" %his paper descri0es a 0oost con erter cascaded high fre,uenc. lin= direct dc-ac con erter suita0le for fuel cell power sources" ( new !ulti-loop control for a 0oost con erter to reduce the low fre,uenc. input current har!onics drawn fro! the fuel cell is proposed" ( new )1- techni,ue for the c.clocon erter at the secondar. to reIect the low order har!onics in the output oltages is presented in detail" %he front-end 0oost con erter regulates the dc 0us oltage effecti el. where the fuel cell oltage aries widel. depending on the power de!and, and pro ides a constant dc oltage to the high fre,uenc. lin= dc-ac con erter" %he proposed !ulti-loop control reduces the low fre,uenc. K120M7L input current har!onic of the 0oost con erter without additional filter re,uire!ent in order to i!pro e the perfor!ance of fuel cell s.ste!" %he proposed )1- techni,ue for the c.clocon erter cancels the low order har!onics in the output oltage caused 0. the low fre,uenc. oltage ripple in the dc 0us and guarantees the high ,ualit. of the output oltage" %he trade-offs of proposed sche!e are descri0ed in detail with !athe!atical e aluation approach" [231] *" *oter and D" Gertling, "(dIusta0le con erter for inIection of fuel cell power as a part of a irtual power plant," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1$##" %his research proIect deals with the de elop!ent of a solid, intelligent con erter with a good alue" %he energ. of fuel cells or other low- oltage energ.-sources K40 to #0+>CL is feeded decentral into the pu0lic net K230+(C;50M7 or 110+(C;20M7L" Gecause of the re,uire!ents of the serial product Ke"g" low price, relia0ilit., range of useL a protot.pe of a con erter with high fre,uenc. transfor!er was 0uilt" %he latest electronic de ices and a digital signal processor as central controller ha e 0een applied to achie e high efficienc. and fle6i0le power inIection" &t is possi0le to o0tain i!pro e!ents of the local oltage ,ualit. and sta0ilit. 0. adIusting acti e and reacti e power as well as power factor and current shape" [232] (" *oto, )" (lou, and C" (" Co0os, ">esign concepts and guidelines for r!s fro! a power stage perspecti e," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 221#" %he +A- design in ol es !eeting !an. re,uire!ents that oppose each other" ( fast d.na!ic

response of the +A- is of !aIor i!portance to reduce the si7e and cost of the output capacitance" -eanwhile, the efficienc. of the con erter should 0e er. high to !eet specifications" %his paper anal.7es how this solution can 0e found, assu!ing no li!itations in the control perfor!ance" %he =e. design para!eters will 0e highlighted Klow inductance, output capacitance technolog., !ultiphase con ertersL and design guidelines will 0e pro ided" ( procedure to deter!ine appro6i!atel. the !a6i!u! nu!0er of phases that can !a=e sense for a particular specification is deri ed" [233] (" *oto, )" (lou, C" (" Co0os, and C" ?ceda, "Migh input oltage K4# L !ultiphase r! with feed-forward of the load current for fast d.na!ics," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 343" %his paper shows the goodness of the -ultiphase Malf Gridge topolog. Ktwo phasesL for high input oltage K4#+L, low output oltage K2+L and high efficienc. applications" %he power stage is designed with a high current speed capa0ilit. K20(;<!u/sL to reduce the si7e and cost of the output capacitors" %he strong influence of the d.na!ics specs on the design of the power stage is anal.7ed in detail" ( erage current !ode control is applied to assure current sharing 0etween 0oth phases and feed-forward of the load current [1] is used to !a6i!i7e the d.na!ic response of the a erage current !ode control" )erfor!ance of this control !ethod are e6plored and co!pared with other techni,ues" [234] >" *oto, A" )ena, D" Futierre7, and %" C" Freen, "( new power flow controller 0ased on a 0ridge con erter topolog.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2540" %his paper proposes a new (C;(C con erter topolog. which eli!inates the need of 0ac=-to0ac= topologies in D(C%* controllers that e6changes acti e power with the line" ?nli=e direct (C;(C con erters, the proposed con erter is 0ased on the use of a networ= of aria0le i!pedances Keither capaciti e or inducti eL which are i!ple!ented 0. con erters acting as reacti e co!pensation units" ( 0ridge configuration can i!ple!ent a full. controlla0le oltage source which is suited to control 0oth the acti e and reacti e power flow in a line" %he principle of operation of this (C;(C 0ridge con erter topolog. is e6plained in detail and a suita0le control strateg. for the control of the output oltage is de eloped" '6peri!ental results fro! a low power protot.pe alidate the proposals and de!onstrate its effecti eness to control the flow of acti e and reacti e power in a line" [235] J" )" *o7ans=i, "Mar!onic co!pensation using the sliding dft algorith!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 424$" %his paper descri0es the sliding discrete Dourier transfor! K>D%L algorith! as an alternati e for t.pical >D% used for spectru! anal.sis and s.nthesis" (s an e6a!ple were used two control circuits for single-phase 3"5 =+( parallel acti e power filter K()DL" %he filters ha e 0een 0uilt and tested" *o!e illustrati e, e6peri!ental results ha e also 0een presented in the paper" %he control algorith!s of the proposed ()D are i!ple!ented in the floating-point digital signal processor (>*)-210258 and D)F( circuit" [232] M" *path and J" )" Gec=er, "*hort-ti!e 0ac=up-power for !ains-fed de-lin=s 0. dou0le la.er capacitors," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2435" %he paper discusses the suita0ilit. of >ou0le 8a.er Capacitors K>8CsL to deli er high constant power for so!e seconds" ( !ains-fed +oltage-*ource- &n erter K+*&L is sensiti e to short-ti!e oltage dips, which !a. cause a !alfunction of the connected electrical de ice and 0. that an interruption of the whole connected wor=ing process" %o o erco!e this conse,uences of short-ti!e oltage dips a >8C-0an= is directl. coupled to the de-lin= of the +*& 0. a 0idirectional dc-dc-con erter" &t will 0e shown, that 0. reducing the internal resistance of the >8C-ele!ents the total capacitance and therefore olu!e and weight of the capacitor-0an= could considera0l. 0e reduced, e en though the storage unit would 0e a0le to deli er the sa!e certain power during a gi en ti!e" %he !anufacturers of >8Cs achie ed first successes in this !atter" Concerning the design of a storage de ice, consisting of >8Cs and a dc-dc-con erter, a co!pro!ise 0etween the con erterEs !a6i!u! current load and the re,uired nu!0er of >8C-ele!ents is reco!!ended"

Dor 0alancing the oltages of the series connected >8C-ele!ents a new t.pe of protection circuit has 0een de eloped" -easure!ents of an e6peri!ental set up show the operation of the e6plained !ethod to 0ac=up de-lin=s" [233] F" *pia77i and *" Guso, "(nal.sis of insta0ilities in pie7oelectric transfor!ers dri ing cold cathode fluorescent la!ps," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2325" %his paper anal.7es the 0eha ior of power supplies for cold cathode fluorescent la!ps KCCD8sL e!plo.ing pie7oelectric transfor!ers K)%sL" &t has 0een de!onstrated that the non-linear e,ui alent la!p resistance interacts with the )%, that 0eha es li=e a high-@ resonant circuit, gi ing rise to insta0ilities in the audi0le fre,uenc. range [11]" -oreo er, when the )%s are dri en 0. a oltage-fed in erter and its >C suppl. oltage is used to control the la!p oltage, the relation 0etween the control aria0le and the la!p current can 0eco!e non !onotonic, depending also on the coupling networ= used 0etween the in erter and the )%" %his paper e6tends the anal.sis reported in [11] 0. considering different coupling networ=s as well as considering the in erter switching fre,uenc. as the control aria0le for controlling the la!p current" *)&C' si!ulations and anal.tical !odels are e!plo.ed to e6plain the unsta0le 0eha iors o0ser ed in different e6peri!ental protot.pes" [23#] F" *pia77i, *" Guso, and )" -atta elli, "(nal.sis of the acti e-cla!ped soft-switched forward con erter without output filter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3#2$" %his paper anal.7es an acti e-cla!ped soft-switched forward con erter without output filter" >ifferentl. fro! the topolog. presented in [1], the transfor!er reset is o0tained 0. using an acti e cla!p su0circuit instead of a loss-less passi e snu00er" %his solution a oids the use of a second inductor and au6iliar. diodes and allows a 0etter e6ploitation of the con erter co!ponents, since now 0oth the !ain and the au6iliar. switch turn on at 7ero oltage and 7ero current, and the. turn off at 7ero oltage 0. using a loss-less capacitor" %he resulting topolog. is practicall. identical to that of an acti e-cla!ped fl.0ac= con erter, e6cept for the re ersed transfor!er secondar. side polarit." %hus, in addition to the con erter anal.sis, the paper presents a co!parison 0etween the proposed con erter and the acti e-cla!ped fl.0ac= con erter, 0. testing two protot.pes rated for 4#1 output power" [23$] F" *pia77i, *" Guso, )" %o!asin, and (" 4ngaro, "Cold cathod fluorescent la!p power suppl. 0ased on pie7oelectric transfor!ers," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 402" %his paper discusses design and i!ple!entation of a switching power suppl. for low power cold cathod fluorescent la!ps KCCD8sL, used in high 0rightness, 0ac=-lighted, li,uid cr.stal displa.s K8C>sL" %he power suppl. design is 0ased on pie7oelectric transfor!ers" %he use of pie7oelectric transfor!ers K)B%sL, instead of con entional !agnetic ones, allows a significant reduction of the con erterEs si7e and co!ponent count" %he particular features of the pie7oelectric transfor!er allow the designer to directl. connect the la!p to the secondar. side of the de ice without the need for the t.pical 0allast capacitor" Gesides, the start up o er- oltage is auto!aticall. generated with no need for input oltage a!plitude or fre,uenc. !odulation" 4n the other hand, the peculiar )B% secondar. side arrange!ent and its high oltage, low current operation, call for particular care in the i!ple!entation of the 8C> di!!ing circuit" %he paper descri0es the different power suppl. co!ponents, particularl. focusing on the )B% characteristics, outlines the design procedure for the output stage of the power suppl. Ki"e" a resonant half-0ridge in erterL and discusses the 8C> 0rightness control strateg." '6peri!ental results co!ing fro! a pre-industrialised protot.pe of the con erter are presented" [240] A" *p.=er, C" Muth, &" -ehdi, and (" Groc=sch!idt, "300c ferrite !aterial for high te!perature !agnetics," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 155" %he ne6t generation of power electronics is li=el. to use high te!perature capa0le *ilicon

Car0ide se!iconductors" %o full. utili7e the capa0ilities of these de ices, high te!perature !agnetics and other passi e co!ponents will 0e re,uired" ( 300C ferrite !aterial has 0een de eloped to operate at o er 300 degree C co!0ined a!0ient and rise" )resentl. a aila0le ferrite !aterials ha e Curie te!peratures of 250<deg/C or lower and are opti!i7ed for use at te!peratures of 100<deg/C or less" %his paper will discuss ferrite power !aterials de eloped 0. -agnetics for use at fre,uencies a0o e 200 =M7 and te!peratures of 300<deg/C" (n e aluation of this !aterial has 0een perfor!ed using a 1"5 =1, 230 +dc to 2# +dc con erter" Goth test data and anal.sis are presented to show the !aterial capa0ilit. and techni,ues for full. utili7ing the high te!perature capa0ilities of the ferrite !aterial" %he test data and anal.sis includes a discussion of arious winding and high te!perature insulation techni,ues consistent with high oltage and power electronics high fre,uenc. !agnetics issues" %his progra! is 0eing conducted under an (ir Dorce Aesearch 8a0 K(DA8L contract" [241] C" *tancu, *" Miti, and '" -undt, "-o0ile electric power for !ediu! and hea . dut. h.0rid electric ehicles," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 22#" %he present paper descri0es a ehicle on-0oard power generation s.ste! rated 30=+(, intended for !ediu! and hea . dut. h.0rid electric ehicles, using the four-leg in erter technolog." Control and )1- strategies, as well as e6peri!ental results are presented in detail" [242] G" M" *tar=, )" >" -itcheson, )" -iao, %" C" Freen, '" -" 5eat!an, and (" *" Mol!es, ")ower processing issues for !icro-power electrostatic generators," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4152" Dor arious !onitoring and sensing applications it is desira0le to power the electronics 0. sca enging energ. fro! an. locall. a aila0le source" ( protot.pe generator for low fre,uenc. Khu!an 0od.L !otion has 0een de eloped using a !icro-!achined K-'-*L i!ple!entation of an inertial generator 0ased on a !o ing-plate capacitor" %he protot.pe generates pulses of 300 + on a 10 pD capacitor" %his paper e6a!ines the design of a circuit and !osfet de ice to con ert this energ. to a low oltage" Gecause of the er. s!all charge in ol ed, the effect of lea=age and parasitic stored charge are i!portant" ( silicon-oninsulator design is proposed and is e6a!ined through ph.sics 0ased finite-ele!ent si!ulation" %he o erall effecti eness of the generation process is shown to 0e co!posed of se eral ter!s which are functions of s.ste! para!eters such as generator flight ti!e, de ice area and circuit inductance" &t is shown that de ice area is a co!pro!ise 0etween lea=age current, charge storage and on-state oltage" &t can, for a gi en generator and inductance, 0e opti!ised to pro ide the !a6i!u! energ. .ield" [243] -" *teiner and C" *cholten, "'nerg. storage on 0oard of dc fed railwa. ehicles pesc 2004 conference in aachen, ger!an.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 222" %he proposed energ. storage on 0oard of a >C-Aailwa. ehicle leads to a 0ig step in the reduction of consu!ed energ." ?p to 30H energ. sa ing are e6pected in a light rail ehicle, at the sa!e ti!e reducing the pea= power de!and drasticall." &n addition, with the energ. storage an operation without catenar. could 0eco!e realit., which was successfull. de!onstrated with the protot.pe light rail ehicle dri ing with switched off pantograph" %his protot.pe ehicle is in passenger operation since *epte!0er 2003, the i!ple!ented software is opti!ised on energ. sa ings and first e6perience is er. pro!ising" [244] -" *teurer, M" 8i, *" 1oodruff, J" *hi, and >" Bhang, ">e elop!ent of a unified design, test, and research platfor! for wind energ. s.ste!s 0ased on hardware-in-the-loop real ti!e si!ulation," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3204" %raditionall., off-line !odeling and si!ulation has 0een the tool of choice for i!pro ing wind energ. s.ste! control strategies their utilit. s.ste! integration" %his paper e6ploits how a newl. esta0lished real-ti!e hardware-in-loop KM&8L test facilit., designed for testing all-electric ship propulsion s.ste!s, can 0e utili7ed for wind energ. research" %he test site uses two 2"5 -1;220 rp! d.na!o!eters and a 5 -1 aria0le oltage and fre,uenc. con erter to e!ulate a realistic d.na!ic en iron!ent, 0oth

!echanicall. and electricall." %he facilit. is controlled 0. a digital real-ti!e electric power s.ste! si!ulator KA%>*L, capa0le of si!ulating electrical networ=s and control s.ste!s of su0stantial co!ple6it., t.picall. with 50 !icroseconds ti!e step" *u0stantial &;4 allows the feed0ac= of !easured ,uantities into the si!ulation" ( 15 =1 !oc=-up !otor-generator set is used to de!onstrate so!e critical aspects of the concept" Dro! d.na!ic test results presented it is concluded that the proposed s.ste! shows great potential for de elop!ent of a one-of-a-=ind wind energ. research platfor!" [245] 8" *u, >" Bhao, C" Chen, B" 1ang, and G" 8iu, "( digital controller of acti e power filter applied in h dc," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3124" &n this paper, a new digital control strateg. of an acti e power filter adopting an appro6i!ate in erse s.ste! control strateg. is discussed" %he proposed appro6i!ate in erse s.ste! control is co!posed of digital 0and-pass filters, phase shifters and a!plifiers, all which can 0e i!ple!ented with a %-*320C32 >*)" (fter the co!parison of the perfor!ance of &&A digital filter with D&A digital filter, the for!er is preferred to 0e adopted here" %he results of 0oth si!ulations 0ased on )*C(> and e6peri!ents on a 30=+( M+>C s.ste! alidate that the digital controller can ensure the good perfor!ance of ()D without the sta0ilit. pro0le!" [242] 5" *uh and %" (" 8ipo, "( control sche!e of i!pro ed transient response for pw! ac;dc con erter under generali7ed un0alanced operating conditions," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1#$" %his paper proposes a new control sche!e of i!pro ed transient response for the pw! ac;dc con erter under generali7ed un0alanced operating conditions" %he o erall 0andwidth di!inishing filter;functional 0loc= for e6tracting positi e and negati e se,uence co!ponents ha e 0een a oided 0. e!plo.ing dual current regulators in positi e and negati e rotating s.nchronous fra!es" %he stead.-state error due to 120 M7 ac signals has 0een reduced 0. e!plo.ing a resonant gain path in the current regulator" %his paper also proposes si!plified current reference calculation sche!e in the regulation of instantaneous acti e;reacti e power" Co!pared to the pre ious wor=s, the proposed control !ethod has 0etter transient response in co!pensation for generali7ed un0alanced operating conditions Kun0alanced input suppl. and un0alanced input i!pedancesL of wide range while still satisf.ing unit. input power factor correction and ripple-free dc output oltage regulation without adding an. e6ternal hardware" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental results confir! the proposed control !ethod under se ere un0alance operating conditions" [243] C" *un, "Characteri7ation and perfor!ance co!parison of ripple-0ased control !ethods for oltage regulator !odules," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3313" %hree recentl. de eloped control !ethods for oltage regulator !odules K+A-L, na!el., +9sup:29;sup: control, enhanced +9sup:29;sup: control, and enhanced +9sup:29;sup: control without output oltage d.na!ic feed0ac=, are anal.7ed and co!pared in this paper" (ll three !ethods utili7e the output oltage switching ripple for pulse-width !odulation, hence are collecti el. referred to as ripple0ased control" ( general !odeling !ethod 0ased on the JG- KJr.lo -Gogoliu0o --itropols=.L ripple esti!ation techni,ue is applied to de elop a eraged !odels for single-channel as well as !ulti-channel 0uc= con erters utili7ing each of the control !ethods" ?nli=e e6isting !odels that are li!ited to s!allsignal operation, the proposed !odels are alid for large signal and are capa0le of predicting su0har!onic insta0ilit. without ha ing to include an artificial sa!ple-and-hold 0loc= as used in e6isting !odels" %he paper also shows that adding parallel, high-,ualit. cera!ic capacitors at the output, which are ignored in pre ious wor=s, can lead to pulse s=ipping and ripple insta0ilit., and a solution 0ased on proper selection of the cera!ic capacitors and;or ra!p co!pensation at the pulse-width !odulator is presented" %he !odels are further applied to anal.7e and co!pare the perfor!ance of the three control !ethods in ter!s of ripple sta0ilit., effecti e load current feedforward gain, and output i!pedance" [24#] %" *un, B" Chen, and D" Glaa0Ierg, "+oltage reco er. of grid-connected wind tur0ines with dfig after a short-circuit fault," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp"

1$$1" %he fast de elop!ent of wind power generation 0rings new re,uire!ents for wind tur0ine integration to the networ=" (fter the clearance of an e6ternal short-circuit fault, the oltage at the wind tur0ine ter!inal should 0e reesta0lished with !ini!i7ed power losses" %his paper concentrates on oltage reco er. of aria0le speed wind tur0ines with dou0l. fed induction generators K>D&FL" ( si!ulation !odel of a -1-le el aria0le speed wind tur0ine with a >D&F de eloped in )*C(>;'-%>C is presented, and the control and protection sche!es are descri0ed" ( new control strateg. is proposed to re-esta0lish the wind tur0ine ter!inal oltage after the clearance of an e6ternal short-circuit fault, and then restore the nor!al operation of the aria0le speed wind tur0ine with >D&F, which has 0een de!onstrated 0. si!ulation results" [24$] %" *untio and (" -" (ltowati, ">esign of e!i filter for sta0ilit. and perfor!ance in switched-!ode con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3033" -ethods to anal.7e the input-filter interactions on the sta0ilit. and perfor!ance of switched!ode con erters were de eloped in earl. se enties with appropriate design rules" (long the growing use of distri0uted power suppl.ing architectures, the input-filter issues ha e 0eco!e e en !ore rele ant than during the ti!e the original design rules were esta0lished" %his is 0ecause of the wide use of standardi7e power !odules, in which the final electro!agnetic noise interference K'-&L suppression is t.picall. left as the responsi0ilit. of the end user" ' en if the sta0ilit. and perfor!ance issues were well defined originall., it has turned out that the. ha e not 0een well understood" &n this paper, we will define the general for!alis! according to which the '-&-filter interaction !a. 0e !ore easil. understood" &t will 0e shown that the open-loop input i!pedance of the con erter is the !ost decisi e factor e6plaining the differences encountered e"g" 0etween oltage-!ode and current-!ode control" [250] B" *uto and &" Nag., "Nonlinear anal.sis of direct tor,ue controlled induction !achines," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 134#" %he nonlinear pheno!ena of >irect %or,ue Controlled K>%CL &nduction -achine K&-L is in estigated" *ince the s.ste! is strongl. nonlinear due to the h.steresis co!parators, arious nonlinear pheno!ena are e6pected" %he o0Iecti e of the paper is the stud. of these 0eha iors, e6ploring arious s.ste! states fro! regular periodic operations to chaotic ones" %he !ain goal is twofold, first 0. o0taining a deeper insight into the operation of >%C-&- the design of control para!eters Kwidth of h.steresis loopsL can 0e supported with the help of the techni,ues of nonlinear d.na!ics such as )oincare !aps and Gifurcation diagra!s, second the sudden changes of s.ste! states or 0ifurcations e6pected due to the nonlinearities can 0e detected and studied" [251] %" *u7u=i, A" -i.agawa, J" -atsuse, -" No!ura, %" 5a!da, and 5" %adano, "Migh perfor!ance rectifier with acti e filter assisted 0. electrical dou0le la.er capacitor," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3#43" &n this paper, high perfor!ance diode rectifier with acti e filter K(DL connected in parallel" %he (D suppresses har!onics and i!pro es the input power factor" &n order to feed constant power to loads, the rectifiers ha e to control >C lin= oltage" %he (D can control the >C lin= oltage" Mowe er if the (D controls the >C lin= oltage, har!onics suppression function of the (D is reduced" *o >C lin= oltage is controlled 0. step-up and step-down chopper control with the '>8C" %herefore !ain function of the (D is al!ost har!onics suppression" *o the capacit. of the (D can 0e reduced" (lso if the >C lin= oltage is controlled 0. step-up and step-down chopper control with the '>8C, the energ. efficienc. of this s.ste! can 0e i!pro ed" %his is 0ecause regenerati e power of the loads charges the '>8C" (lso in the power accelerati e operation, the charged power in the '>8C is discharged to the loads" [252] (" *.ed, '" (h!ed, >" -a=si!o ic, and '" (larcon, ">igital pulse width !odulator architectures," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 42#$"

%his paper presents a sur e. and classification of architectures for integrated circuit i!ple!entation of digital pulse-width !odulators K>)1-L targeting digital control of high-fre,uenc. switching >C->C power con erters" )re iousl. presented designs are identified as particular cases of the proposed classification" &n order to opti!i7e circuit resources in ter!s of occupied area and power consu!ption, a general architecture 0ased on tapped dela. lines is proposed, which includes seg!entation of the input digital code to dri e 0inar.-weighted dela. cells and ther!o!eter-decoded unar. dela. cells" &ntegrated circuit design of a particular e6a!ple of the seg!ented >)1- is descri0ed" %he seg!ented >)1- protot.pe chip operates at 1 -M7 switching fre,uenc. and has low power consu!ption and er. s!all silicon area K0"03 !!9sup:29;sup: in a standard 0"5 !icron C-4* processL" '6peri!ental results alidate the functionalit. of the proposed seg!ented >)1-" [253] )" *7c7upa= and A" Jennel, "*ensorless control of pw! rectifier 0. distorted suppl. oltage," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 203" ( sensorless control strateg. for three phase )1- power suppl. rectifiers, a "phase trac=ing" concept, was proposed on last )'*CE03" %his !ethod pro ed to 0e ro0ust to s.ste! para!eters changes and pro ided line oltage esti!ation for line current control" >iscussion after the )'*CE03 presentation left concerns with respect to the control ,ualit. during line oltage fluctuations and under non s.!!etric line conditions" %his paper reports the 0eha iour of the proposed "phase trac=ing" control !ethod under distorted suppl. oltage" %he following oltage distortions are tested: oltage un0alance, o er- oltage and under- oltage" %he control was perfor!ed on a rapid protot.pe s.ste! for power electronics control" '6peri!ental results of the test are presented" [254] M" %a=eda and %" 5o=o.a!a, "( stud. of autono!ous decentrali7ed control for single phase ups s.ste! 0ased on ,uasi d, transfor!ation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 202$" Aecentl., infor!ation de ices such as co!puter s.ste!s pla. an i!portant role in the societ." %hese de ices causes a !alfunction and an outage 0. an instantaneous 0lac=out, and restoring these de ices ta=es a long ti!e" %herefore, in order to suppl. the sta0le power, adoption of ?)* K?ninterrupti0le )ower *uppl.L s.ste! is indispensa0le" (nd in order to enhance the relia0ilit. of the power suppl., it is necessar. to construct the redundanc. s.ste! which co!0ined with !ulti ?)* s.ste!" &n this paper, an autono!ous decentrali7ed control for parallel-connected single phase ?)* s.ste! to enhance the relia0ilit. of the o erall power s.ste! without an. interaction for each ?)* s.ste! is proposed" ( ,uasi d, transfor!ation !ethod is used to detect the instantaneous p, alue for the single phase oltage and current wa efor!s" *i!ulations were carried out in the case that the so!e ?)*s were connected to the sa!e load line, and the load ariation or the disconnection of the ?)* was occurred" %he autono!ous load 0alancing characteristics was confir!ed for arious conditions" [255] C" %an, 8" Chen, and C" 5ing, "&ntegration of three-phase pfc and dc;dc con erter for ups," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4022" ( %hree-phase %hree-le el Dour-wire Goundar. !ode )DC con erter K%%DG )DCL is presented firstl." Gased on the %%DG )DC circuit, a no el con erter integrated with )DC and >C;>C functions is proposed, which has the !erits of low cost and high power densit., and also can !eet the international standard to input current har!onic of electrical e,uip!ents" )rinciple of the integrated con erter is anal.7ed and e6peri!ental results are also gi en" Dro! the e6peri!ental results, when in nor!al condition the total har!onic distortion K%M>L of input currents and efficienc. of the %%DG )DC con erter are 3"2H and $3"2H respecti el." [252] *"-C" %an, 5" -" 8ai, -" J" M" Cheung, and C" J" %se, "( pulse-width-!odulation 0ased sliding !ode controller for 0uc= con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3243"

%his paper presents the design and anal.sis of a pulse-width-!odulation 0ased sliding !ode oltage controller for 0uc= con erters fro! a circuit design perspecti e" ( practical design approach which ai!s at s.ste!ati7ing the procedure for the selection of the control para!eters is introduced" (dditionall., a si!ple analog for! of the controller for practical reali7ation is pro ided" &t is found that this controller adopts a structure si!ilar to the con entional pulse-width-!odulated oltage !ode controller" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental results show that the response of the con erter agrees with the theoretical design" [253] *" *" %ana ade, -" (" Chaudhari, M" -" *ur.awanshi, and J" 8" %ha=re, ">esign of resonant con erter for high power factor operation and opti!u! losses in !agnetic co!ponents," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1#1#" %his paper presents a s.ste!atic design procedure of resonant con erter for its operation in high input line power factor" *election of ,ualit. factor of the resonant tan= circuit influences instantaneous gain and power factor of the con erter" %he design calculations are done for ac to dc -odified *eries)arallel Aesonant Con erter K-*)ACL deli ering a pea= power of 2) 9su0:o9;su0: K)9su0:o9;su0: is output powerL, 0. choosing ,ualit. factor @ at the pea= of ac line c.cle for !ini!u! ac input oltage" Dor high power factor operation the alue of @ at pea= of ac input should 0e chosen such that the instantaneous a aila0le gain of the con erter is greater than the re,uired gain" >esign of !agnetic co!ponents under cost and loss constraints is outlined" %he opti!al nu!0er and the dia!eter of the strands to !ini!i7e loss in !agnetic co!ponents are gi en for particular design e6a!ple" %he su0-opti!al stranding is also considered to arri e at 0est cost-loss co!pro!ised designs" ( -(%8(G progra! is used to arri e at cost-loss co!pro!ised design" %o alidate the design procedures si!ulation results of a t.pical -*)AC are presented" Dinall. results of an e6peri!ental protot.pe 0uilt in the la0orator. are gi en to su0stantiate the outlined design procedure" [25#] 8" %ang and -" D" Aah!an, "&n estigation of an i!pro ed flu6 esti!ator of a direct tor,ue controlled interior per!anent !agnet s.nchronous !achine dri e," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 451" &n order to achie e good stead.-state and d.na!ic perfor!ance, the flu6 esti!ation should 0e er. accurate for a direct tor,ue controlled K>%CL dri e at all ti!e" %he effects of the stator resistance ariation of the stator resistance and the forward oltage drops of the power switches are anal.7ed and co!pensated in this paper" -odeling and e6peri!ental results confir! the effecti eness of the proposed flu6 esti!ator" [25$] O" %ang and C" A" *ulli an, "4pti!i7ation of stranded-wire windings and co!parison with lit7 wire on the 0asis of cost and loss," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #54" *tranded wire with uninsulated strands has 0een proposed as a low-cost alternati e to lit7 wire" &n this paper, we de elop a !ethod to opti!i7e stranded-wire designs on the 0asis of cost and loss, and co!pare the results to opti!i7ed lit7-wire designs" ( si!pl. calculated para!eter is shown to 0e useful to predict when each t.pe of wire is preferred" ( !ethod to e6tend 0oth loss prediction and opti!i7ation for ar0itrar. geo!etries and wa efor!s is also introduced" >eli0erate o6idation of strands is proposed as a !ethod to i!pro e perfor!ance of stranded wire, and to increase its range of applica0ilit." '6peri!ental !easure!ents with appro6i!atel. 0"15 <!u/! o6ide show dra!atic increases in interstrand resisti it., indicating that this approach could 0e er. effecti e" [220] (" %ar=iainen, A" )ollanen, -" Nie!ela, and C" ).rhonen, ">c-lin= oltage effects on properties of a shunt acti e filter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 312$" %he effect of the dc-lin= oltage on the co!pensation characteristics of a shunt acti e filter is studied focusing on 59sup:th9;sup: negati e and 3 9sup:th9;sup: positi e har!onic se,uences" &t is

shown that the t.pe of the har!onic load has a great i!pact on the re,uired dc-lin= oltage" (ccording to theoretical deri ation there e6ist har!onic current se,uence pairs .ielding the !ini!u! dc-lin= oltage re,uire!ent" (nal.tical e,uations concerning the 5 9sup:th9;sup: negati e and the 39sup:th9;sup: positi e har!onic se,uences are proposed" %heoretical results are confir!ed with !easure!ents using a 1$ =+( acti e front-end con erter with acti e filtering capa0ilities" [221] *" %e00ani, '" Fodo., *" Dont, F" Jal elage, )" (u0in, and -" Co.aud, "*ta0ilit. anal.sis and control of a gain- ar.ing con erter using the serial and parallel auto regulated configuration topolog.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 343#" %his paper deals with the stud. of a constant-power in erter and its controlla0ilit. anal.sis" %his s.ste! is used in train air-conditioning power suppl." &t is a ar.ing-gain in erter using the *")"("A"C" topolog." %his topolog. reduces !ass and olu!e and presents er. interesting industrial 0enefits" %he oltage ratio of the in erter can ar. than=s to a aria0le configuration of the association of transfor!ers that co!pose the *")"("A"C" in erter" Dirst, the studied s.ste! will 0e presented and its !odelling around an e,uili0riu! point is carried out" %hen, the de eloped control law in the case of a >C oltage suppl. is e6plained and its efficienc. and ro0ustness are tested" %hus, the (C oltage suppl. case is considered 0. presenting the new control law" %he sa!e control strateg. as the >C case one is used, 0. esti!ating the input oltage suppl. %his esti!ation is carried out than=s to a Jal!an filtering" Dinall., so!e si!ulation and e6peri!ental results will 0e gi en and will show the efficienc. and ro0ustness of the proposed control strateg." [222] +" %e!ple, ""super" gtoEs push the li!its of th.ristor ph.sics," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 204" *ilicon )ower has de eloped an ad anced "*uper"-F%4 or *F%4 0. adapting the processes of an &C foundr. to fa0ricate high oltage F%4Es" ?sing our patented "thin)a=" technolog. we were a0le to !a=e low i!pedance contact to gate and cathodes at a cell repeat of 150,000 e!itter islands per c!9sup:29;sup:, generating an e6traordinar. i!pro e!ent in switching, 0oth turn-on and turn-off, while reducing forward drop at the sa!e ti!e" %he thin)a= pac=age lends itself to producing low cost power !odules that are full. 0onded Kno dr. interfacesL, ha e isolated 0ases and re,uire no cla!ps or springs to !ount to a heat sin=" %his paper will introduce new *F%4 de elop!ents including that, ta=en together, pro!ise diode-li=e forward drops and !uch higher operating fre,uencies in -1 !odules that can 0e paralleled and stac=ed in series with fewer pro0le!s than presentl. faced with standard F%4Es" [223] )" %enca and %" (" 8ipo, "Aeduced cost current-source topolog. i!pro ing the har!onic spectru! through on-line functional !ini!i7ation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2#2$" %he paper presents a Current-*ource &n erter KC*&L topolog. tailored for large !ulti-!egawatt wind tur0ine applications" %he ca0le distance 0etween the generator and the !ains ena0les the reali7ation of a significant portion of the >C-lin= inductance" &n order to i!pro e the efficienc. and to allow the possi0le utili7ation of rugged ine6pensi e %h.ristors, )1- !odulation is not used in the !ain con ersion chain" ?nit. funda!ental power factor at the !ains is guaranteed at an. load condition while the 59sup:th9;sup: and 39sup:th9;sup: har!onics of the !ains line currents are reduced 0. choosing a proper no!inal operating point for the tur0ine" Durther har!onic reduction is achie ed through an acti e filter controlled ia a newl. proposed !ethodolog. suita0le for >igital *ignal )rocessor K>*)L i!ple!entation" *uch a controller relies on a real-ti!e !ini!i7ation of a proper functional and is capa0le of i!ple!enting true-feed0ac= current regulation" ( part of design si!ulation results, ai!ed at constructing a 10 =1 protot.pe, are presented" [224] -" %esch=e, >" Jor7ec, '" F" Dinantu->inu, C" 'nge!ann, and A" Jennel, "Aesonant, high oltage, high power suppl. for at!ospheric pressure plas!a sources," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #35"

&n this wor=, a new concept for a resonant, high oltage, high power suppl. for operation with at!ospheric pressure plas!a sources is presented" %he output oltage is a sinusoidal shaped signal in the fre,uenc. range of 1"100 =M7 and with an a!plitude up to se eral =+" Dro! the electrical point of iew, at!ospheric pressure plas!a sources are strongl. capaciti e loads" Dor this reason, it is an ad antage to !a=e this capacit. part of a resonant circuit" %he e6citation of this circuit is reali7ed 0. use of pulse width !odulated K)1-L pulses" %heir width is controlled 0. a controller whose input is fed 0. the output oltage and;or the current of the circuit %he pulses are s.nchroni7ed with the 7ero point of the resonant circuit current" &n the presented concept the large s!oothing capacitors in the inter!ediate direct current lin= can 0e a oided" %he !ain ad antages co!paring to e6isting power supplies are the high efficienc., s!all oltages and switching fre,uencies of the high power transistors, low costs, good scala0ilit. and resistant against short cuts in the plas!a source" [225] F" %hiele and '" Ga.er, "Current !ode charge pu!p: %opolog., !odeling and control," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3#12" Current-!ode control, the standard !ethod to control inducti e switching power supplies can also 0e used in switched capacitor con erters" Mere, regulation is achie ed 0. operating one transistor in the charge pu!p output stage as a controlled current source" Co!pared with oltage !ode operation where the transistor on-resistances is regulated, current !ode =eeps the s!all signal output resistance of the con erter stage high e en with high load currents" %his alwa.s =eeps the output pole, which is the do!inant pole in current !ode charge pu!ps at low fre,uencies e en at hea . loads and !a=es the s.ste! eas. to sta0ili7e" )ro ided that the output pole is =ept three to fi e ti!es s!aller than an. parasitic internal poles, than a first order s.ste! is possi0le" 1hen the controlled current source is placed in the discharge path then the con erter alwa.s runs with a full. charged fl.ing capacitor which i!pro es transient response" %he uni ersal second order current !ode charge pu!p s!all signal !odel presented in this paper consists of a g!-stage error a!plifier and a g!-output stage as regulated section" %he !odel also includes the output resistance of the g!-stages, parasitic capacitances, the internal A-C co!pensation and the e6ternal co!ponents li=e the feed0ac= di ider, output resistor and load capacitor" %he fl.ing capacitor is !odeled with a oltage source" G. gi ing this oltage source different alues the !odel can 0e used with an. charge pu!p topolog. Kdou0ler, tripler, in erter"L" '6peri!ental results show that 0. co!paring the transient response the s!all signal !odel well !atches with the !easured perfor!ance" *ince !odel can 0e used for (C and transient anal.sis an earl. prediction of sta0ilit. and d.na!ic 0eha ior of the con erter is possi0le" 8i=e inducti e current !ode con erters the !a6i!u! output current is li!ited in the regulated section which !a=es the con erter short circuit protected" [222] M" 5" %ian and '" J" J" *ng, "( no el solution to restore a three-phase th.ristor in erter fro! co!!utation failure due to oltage dip," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" $02" Dro! industrial e6perience, it is =nown that three-phase line co!!utated th.ristor in erters encounter co!!utation failure during oltage dips" Dollowing co!!utation failure, 0oth upper and lower th.ristors 0elonging to the sa!e leg of the in erter conduct and a surge current results" %his paper gi es an anal.sis of this pheno!enon in the e ent of a single-phase dip" ( no el and si!ple solution for turning off the th.ristors in the shorted leg is presented" %he proposed sche!e detects the short circuit and switches off the th.ristors to a oid da!age due to e6cessi e current 0uild up" 1hen the three-phase source reco ers fro! the dip, the in erter resu!es its nor!al operation" %he proposed sche!e has ,uic= response and re,uires no separate oltage source for control circuits" '6peri!ental erification of the th.ristorEs turn off !echanis! is presented to alidate the operation principle" [223] D" 8" %ofoli, C" (" Fallo, '" (" (" Coelho, 8" Carlos >e Dreitas, +" C" Darias, and C" G" +ieira Cr, "(ssociation of a ,uadratic 0oost con erter and a new topolog. of soft-switched two-switch forward con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 233" %his paper proposes a new topolog. of soft-switched two-switch Dorward con erter associated with a ,uadratic Goost con erter, which pro ides large oltage step-up" ( nondissipati e snu00er is added

to the Dorward topolog. for suppressing stresses on the se!iconductor switches" %he co!0ination of the stages results in a switched-!ode power suppl. K*&-)*L for dc oltage applications" [22#] D" 8" %ofoli, C" (" Fallo, '" (" (" Coelho, 8" C" >e Dreitas, +" C" Darlas, and C" G" +ieira Cr, "( switched!ode power suppl. e!plo.ing a ,uadratic 0oost con erter and a soft-switched two-switch forward con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2211" %his paper presents a new topolog. of soft-switching two-switch Dorward con erter associated with a ,uadratic Goost con erter, pro iding large oltage step-up Kfro! 12+9su0:dc9;su0: to #0+9su0:dc9;su0:L" %he co!0ination of the stages results in a switched-!ode power suppl. K*-)*L, whose output oltages are Q200+9su0:dc9;su0: and -200+dc" %he operation of 0oth con erters is anal.7ed, as so!e results concerning the proposed *-)* are presented" [22$] D" 8" %ofoli, C" (" Fallo, +" +" A" *carpa, '" (" (" Coelho, 8" C" >e Dreitas, +" C" Darias, and C" G" +ieira Cr, "( high power factor power suppl. e!plo.ing a self-oscillating con erter to suppl. control circuitr.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2200" %his paper proposes a s.!!etrical switched-!ode power suppl. which e!plo.s a selfoscillating con erter as au6iliar. power to suppl. control and dri e circuits" &t is co!posed of a preregulator Goost con erter applied to two dc-dc Dorward con erters in order to pro ide power factor correction" %he. operate at 100=M7 and the indi idual output oltages are e,ual to Q200+9su0:dc9;su0: and -200+9su0:dc9;su0:, as the total output oltage is 400 +9su0:dc9;su0: and the total output power is 5001" )ower factor correction &C ?C3#54 is e!plo.ed in the control strateg. of the Goost stage" [230] C" %ol=sdorf, C" *chul7e, &" 'isele, and F" >e0o., "8ateral co!pensation structures can 0rea= the silicon li!it," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 5#5" )ower -4*D'% design is 0ased on sol ing the trade-off 0etween 0rea=down oltage and onresistance of the de ice" *tandard ertical >-4* K>ou0le >iffused -4*L de ices show the following relation A9su0:on9;su0:( aries directl. as + 9su0:G>9;su0:9sup:2"59;sup: wherein the drift region deter!ines the on-resistance" %his drift region resistance can 0e greatl. i!pro ed 0. superIunction de ices 0ased on the co!pensation principle" Co!pensation structures also pro!ise for lateral )ower -4*D'%s an i!!ense enhance!ent in the relation 0etween on-resistance and 0rea=down oltage" Durther!ore the ad antage of lateral )ower -4*D'%s consists in the eas. integration in s!art-power de ices" 1e could pro e in our wor= that lateral co!pensation structures decrease the on-resistance of the drift region while preser ing the 0rea=down oltage" %herefore it is possi0le to 0rea= the silicon li!it" [231] M" >" %orresan, >" F" Mol!es, and &" *hraga, "(u6iliar. power supplies for high oltage con erter s.ste!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 245" (l!ost all power electronic con ersion s.ste!s re,uire an au6iliar. power suppl. to energi7e their control electronics" %wo alternati es are co!!onplace - either a low fre,uenc. ac transfor!er;rectifier;regulator co!0ination supplied separatel. to the !ain con erter s.ste!, or a high fre,uenc. switched !ode power suppl. K*-)*L supplied fro! the dc 0us of the !ain con erter" %he *-)* approach has the 0enefits of reduced si7e, increased efficienc. and can often 0e integrated onto the !ain con erter control 0oard" Mence it is usuall. the preferred solution" Mowe er, it is ,uite challenging to design a *-)* 0ased con erter to operate at the higher dc oltage le els that are t.picall. used with !ultile el con ersion s.ste!s" %his paper presents two alternati es for low power regulated supplies, deri ed fro! !ultile el topologies and which address !an. of the challenges associated with their i!ple!entation in a M+ s.ste!" >eri ation and e6peri!ental results are presented for an N)C deri ed *-)* operating fro! a 1500+dc rail, while si!ulation results are presented for a fl.ing capacitor deri ed step down au6iliar. suppl." [232] F" +" %orrico-Gascope and &" Gar0i, "( single phase pfc 3=w con erter using a three-state switching cell," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4033"

%his paper presents a no el high efficienc. single phase )DC 3=1 con erter using a three-state switching cell operating in continuous conduction !ode" %he !ain ad antages of this con erter are low conduction and co!!utation losses and that the fre,uenc. of the reacti e ele!ents is twice of the switching fre,uenc." >ue to these features, the proposed con erter presents reduced input and >C-lin= current ripple, s!aller inductor and output filter capacitor, low weight and reduced olu!e" %he con erter is suita0le for high power applications K<gt/1"5 =1L as pre-regulator stage due to the presence of one autotransfor!er inside of the switching cell" %heoretical anal.sis and e6peri!ental results de!onstrate the feasi0ilit. of the proposed rectifier" [233] A" %orrico-Gascope, D" 8" -" (ntunes, and &" Gar0i, "4pti!i7ed dou0le 7 s-pw! acti e-cla!ping forward con erter with inputs connected in series and parallel," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1221" %his paper presents an isolated >C->C con erter with reduced conduction losses 0ased on two B+*-)1- acti e-cla!ping forward con erters" &n the proposed con erter the inputs can 0e connected in series or parallel depending on the 0us oltage application" %o reduce r!s alue of the current and i!pro e oltage and current di ision on the de ices, the co!!utation inductors were coupled with ade,uate coupling coefficient" %he con erters present soft switching features fro! no-load to full-load condition" %heoretical anal.sis and e6peri!ental results ta=en fro! a 3=1 la0orator. protot.pe are presented" [234] A" %o.oshi!a, %" Duna=i, and %" Mi=ihara, "(no!alous pheno!enon of conduction angle in tcr-s c and its control," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3403" *tatic +ar Co!pensator K*+CL with %h.ristor Controlled Aeactor K%CAL is widel. used as a continuousl. aria0le reacti e power co!pensator in electric power s.ste!s" Aecentl., une6pected sudden Iu!ps of conduction angle were reported depending on the change of firing angle in %CA" %his ano!alous pheno!enon na!ed the switching ti!e 0ifurcation is due to the nonlinearit. caused 0. switching operation" (uthors ha e studied the switching ti!e 0ifurcations in a %CA-*+C circuit e6per-i!entall., nu!ericall. and theoreticall., and clarified that the occurrence of 0ifurcations depends on the resonant fre,uencies and da!ping para!eters of the circuit" &n addition, the. showed the possi0ilit. of su0har!onic oscillations acco!panied with the switching ti!e 0ifurcation in e6peri!ents and si!ulations" %he detailed anal.sis leads the onset of su0har!onic oscillation su0Iect to the initial conditions of state alues at the instant of firing" %his i!plies uncoordinated firing angle control !ight happen to generate su0har!onic oscillations, and the coordinated firing angle operation is necessar. to a oid su0har!onic oscillations" %hen, this paper proposes the firing angle regulation sche!e so as to =eep the initial conditions out fro! the do!ain of su0har!onic oscillation" [235] 4" %rescases and 1" %" Ng, "+aria0le output, soft-switching dc;dc con erter for lsi d.na!ic oltage scaling power suppl. applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 414$" %he i!ple!entation of a low- oltage Bero-+oltage-*witching @uasi-*,uare-1a e KB+*@*1L 0uc= con erter capa0le of !eeting the future challenges of low- oltage +A-s is presented" G. eli!inating switching losses, high-efficienc. operation at switching fre,uencies 0e.ond 1-M7 is achie ed" %he design uses no el high-speed >ead-%i!e-8oc=ed-8oops with fast dead-ti!e error reIection to ensure Bero-+oltage-*witching under d.na!ic loads and aria0le output conditions" %he B+*-@*1 con erter, which was i!ple!ented in a !i6ed-signal 0"1# ! C-4* process, has a !easured efficienc. of #2H at 5-M7 with a 1"4+ output" %he B+*-@*1 con erter is intended to suppl. the ne6t generation +8*& chips with a aria0le suppl. oltage for >.na!ic +oltage *caling K>+*L applications" >+* refers to the realti!e scaling of the suppl. oltage to the +8*& chip to !ini!i7e d.na!ic power consu!ption, while satisf.ing a aria0le target cloc= fre,uenc." *e eral >+* strategies are e6a!ined, and it is shown that >+* can 0e applied to the B+*-@*1 con erter using a dual-!ode configuration" (n e6peri!ental >+* test0ench was de eloped using a state-of-the-art Oilin6 C)8> capa0le of operating fro! 1"35+ to 1"#+" %he )&> controlled >+* s.ste! achie es the !a6i!u! +9sup:>>9;sup: transition in 22<!u/s"

[232]

(" %ripathi, (" -" Jha!0ad=one, and *" J" )anda, ">irect !ethod of o er!odulation with integrated closed loop stator flu6 ector control," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 41$2" 4 er!odulation achie es full utili7ation of applied oltage, 0. !odif.ing the !agnitude and the phase of reference oltage ector" >ue to the nonlinear 0eha ior in this region, closed loop ector control 0eco!es difficult" ( si!ple !ethod of o er!odulation with closed loop control of stator flu6 ector is proposed in this paper" &nstead of !odif.ing the oltage reference 0. nonlinear e,uations or loo= up ta0le, we propose a direct !ethod to generate the switching ti!es" &n so doing, the a erage angular elocit. of the stator flu6 ector is controlled linearl. throughout the !odulation range" %he proposed !ethod shows lower har!onic distortion co!pared with e6isting !ethods" &t greatl. reduces the co!ple6it. and cost of achie ing o er!odulation o er e6isting sche!es"

[233]

-"-D" %sai, J"-8" Chai, and 5"-5" %7ou, "Cpld reali7ation of a digital progra!!a0le pfc control ic for single-phase half-0ridge 0oost ac-dc con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1134" &n this paper we present a digital progra!!a0le )DC control &C for single-phase half-0ridge 0oost (C->C con erters, e!plo.ing an (ltera Dle6 10J100 C)8> de ice" 1e also propose a !ultiple-loop control sche!e for this )DC control &C to achie e a near-unit. power factor under large load ariations" %he control sche!e is si!ple in architecture and thus facilitates reali7ation of the proposed digital controller using the C)8>-0ased circuit design approach" 1e adopted hierarchical, !odular, and circuit resource concurrenc. design !ethod for reducing the design co!ple6it. of the control &C" 4wing to the high-speed nature of the C)8>, the sa!pling fre,uenc. of the constructed &C can 0e raised up to the range that cannot 0e achie ed using a con entional !icroprocessor-0ased digital controller" Gesides, the control para!eters in this &C are progra!!a0le and the aria0les can 0e o0ser ed ia an interface to a !onitoring processor" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental results are presented to erif. the ia0ilit. of the proposed control &C"

[23#]

&" )" %sou!as and (" N" *afacas, "+i0ration 0eha ior and current pulsations of a su0s.nchronous cascade dri e with elastic shaft- an in estigation for sensorless i0ration !onitoring," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" $3#" &n the present wor= the i0ration 0eha ior of the su0s.nchronous cascade dri e due to natural fre,uenc. resonance 0ut also due to e6ternal causes induced 0. the !otors en iron!ent Ke"g" load un0alanceL is e6a!ined and related to the as.nchronous !otor current pulsations" Aesults are presented concerning i0rations and the related current har!onics and current space ectors wa efor!s, which can 0e used for sensorless i0ration !onitoring of the su0s.nchronous cascade dri e"

[23$]

J" %suno, %" *hi!i7u, J" 1ada, and J"-&" &shii, "4pti!i7ation of the dc ripple energ. co!pensating circuit on a single-phase oltage source pw! rectifier," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 312" %his paper presents para!eter opti!i7ation of the co!pensating circuit for the reduction of the >C ripple energ. on a single-phase oltage source )1- rectifier" &n the single-phase )1- rectifier, it is well =nown that a power pulsation with twice the utilit. fre,uenc. is contained in the output power" &n a con entional )1- rectifier, electrol.tic capacitors with large capacitance ha e 0een used in order to s!ooth the >C oltage" Mowe er, lifeti!e of those capacitors are shortened 0. the power pulsation with twice utilit. fre,uenc." %he authors ha e 0een studied two =inds of >C ripple co!pensation circuits, such the authors call an inducti e storage !ethod and a capaciti e storage !ethod, those ena0le to transfer the ripple energ. appeared on the output >C capacitors into the energ. in an additional inductor and additional s!all capacitors" Mence, e6tension of the lifeti!e of the con erter can 0e e6pected 0ecause the s!all fil! capacitor su0stitutes for the large electrol.tic capacitors" -oreo er, the inductance and capacitance region in which the >C ripple energ. can 0e co!pensated co!pletel. and the o erall di!ensions of the energ. storage de ices are shown" Dinall., e6peri!ental results of co!pensation characteristics on 0oth the stead.

state and transient state are discussed" [2#0] 1" %urs=. and )" Gec=edahl, "(d anced dri e s.ste!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 44$$" (d anced >ri e *.ste!s are >C to 3 phase (C con ersion s.ste!s and consist of all co!ponents necessar. to suppl. a load with electrical energ. in the re,uested ,ualit. and ,uantit. [1] [2]" %he integration technolog. for (d anced >ri e *.ste!s is shown for s.ste!s with >C oltages fro! 30 + to $00 + and power le els fro! 15 =1 to 250 =1" %he !ain functional 0loc=s of the presented (d anced >ri e *.ste!s are: power se!iconductor switches in three phase in erter configuration, >C lin= with the storage capacitors, sensors for current, te!perature and oltage, gate dri er hardware for the switches, controller hardware, 0us interface, power suppl. for the electronics, co!!on housing for the whole s.ste! and cooling [3]" >ue to its pro en high relia0ilit., *Jii)-technolog. has 0een chosen for the !echanical construction" New solutions for the la.out of 0us 0ars and >C lin= are de!onstrated which allow ultra low inductance" ( parasitic inductance of less than or e,ual 1nM for the -4*D'% half 0ridge has 0een reali7ed" [2#1] -" ?car, '" 47de!ir, and -" Jale, "(n anal.sis of three-phase four-wire acti e power filter for har!onic eli!ination reacti e power co!pensation and load 0alancing under non-ideal !ains oltage," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 30#$" %his paper presents a new control algorith! for a three-phase four-wire acti e power filter K()DL to eli!inate har!onics, to co!pensate reacti e power and neutral currents and to 0alance load currents of !i6ing single-phase and three-phase diode rectifier under non-ideal !ains oltage conditions" %hree-phase four-wire ()D is co!posed of a con entional three-leg oltage-source in erter K+*&L and split dc lin= capacitors with a h.steresis-0and )1- current controller" -(%8(G;*&-?8&NJ power s.ste! tool0o6 is used to si!ulate the proposed s.ste!" %he proposed !ethodEs perfor!ance is co!pared with con entional instantaneous power Kp-,L theor." %he si!ulation results are presented and discussed showing the effecti eness of the control algorith!" %he proposed control algorith! is found ,uite satisfactor. to co!pensate reacti e power and neutral current while eli!inating har!onics with load 0alancing under nonideal !ains oltage conditions" [2#2] -" N" ?ddin and C" 8au, "(dapti e 0ac=stepping 0ased nonlinear control of an ip!s! dri e," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3451" %his paper in estigates the perfor!ance of a no el speed control sche!e for an &nterior )er!anent -agnet *.nchronous -otor K&)-*-L 0ased on a newl. de eloped nonlinear adapti e control sche!e" %he s.ste! !odel e,uations pro ide the 0asis for the controller which is designed using adapti e 0ac=stepping techni,ue" ?sing 8.apuno Es sta0ilit. theor., it is also pro ed that the control aria0les are as.!ptoticall. sta0le" %he co!plete s.ste! !odel is de eloped and then si!ulated using -(%8(G;*i!ulin= software" )erfor!ance of the proposed controller is in estigated e6tensi el. at different d.na!ic operating conditions such as sudden load change, co!!and speed change and para!eter ariations %he results show the glo0al sta0ilit. of the proposed controller and hence found to 0e suita0le for high perfor!ance industrial dri e applications" [2#3] 5" ?sa!i, 5" &naga=i, -" Na=ahara, and J" Marada, "(n auto!ated design s.ste! for switching power regulators," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #4#" (t present, si!ulation technolog. is indispensa0le to the de elop!ent of the switching power suppl." Migh-speed si!ulator for the switching regulator has 0een de eloped, and it has 0een used widel. for the circuit design" Mowe er s=ills and =now-hows for operating the si!ulator are necessar., and !an. e6periences and !uch ti!e should 0e necessar. to !aster the si!ulator" %hese su0Iects are great o0struction to !a=e use of si!ulation technolog. effecti el. for the circuit designer" Guilding of the following s.ste! is er. effecti e for the solution of this pro0le!" %he s.ste! auto!ates the si!ulation process as !uch as possi0le, and then designers can get the result si!pl. 0. inputting the necessar. data" Mowe er as for the switching power suppl., few reports e6ists a0out the practical e6a!ple of the auto!atic

si!ulation s.ste!" &n this paper, we report the practical wa. of 0uilding the auto!atic si!ulation s.ste! of switching regulator, which e!plo.s a si!ulation engine, circuit e6pert engine and other we0 technologies" (s the result, the s.ste! proposed here was actuall. 0uilt, and that alidit. was pro ed" [2#4] %" ?7u=a, *" &=edo, and J" ?eda, "( static oltage fluctuation co!pensator for ac electric railwa.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1#2$" %his paper reports on the 0asic configuration of the railwa. static power conditioner KA)CL, a static oltage co!pensator for (C electric railwa.s" (n A)C is co!prised of a pair of self-co!!utated )1- in erters" %hese in erters connect the !ain phase and teaser feeding 0uses, coupled with a >C side capacitor such as a Gac=-%o-Gac= KG%GL con erter" 20 -+( ; 20 =+ A)Cs started co!!ercial operation in 2002 at each su0station on the newl. e6tended %oho=u *hin=ansen" %he results of operational testing indicate that an ADC can acco!!odate single-phase loads such as those of )1--controlled *hin=ansen and th.ristor phase-controlled *hin=ansen, handle the e6citing rush current of transfor!ers, as well as co!pensate for har!onics" %he oltage fluctuations on the three-phase side were successfull. controlled 0. the A)Cs" [2#5] *" +a!sidhar and G" F" Dernandes, "Mardware-in-the-loop si!ulation 0ased design and e6peri!ental e aluation of dtc strategies," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3215" &n this paper, a !ethod for designing and i!ple!enting direct tor,ue control of induction !otor 0ased on hardware-in-the-loop si!ulation KM&8 si!ulationL is proposed" %wo different strategies K1L Con entional direct tor,ue control and K2L *pace ector )1- 0ased direct tor,ue control are tested and i!ple!ented" %he entire si!ulation is perfor!ed in real ti!e using %-*320D240 digital signal processor" %he d.na!ic !achine !odel with 5 state aria0les is sol ed in real ti!e in order to deter!ine the state aria0les and hence arious output ,uantities" ?sing the sa!e controller and software used in M&8 si!ulation and with additional signal conditioning interface circuitr., the results o0tained fro! real ti!e si!ulation are e6peri!entall. alidated on a 1"5-=1 induction !otor dri e" ( new tool =nown as "auto!atic code generation" is introduced, which is capa0le of generating asse!0l. language code for real ti!e si!ulation of electric dri es" %he results of real ti!e si!ulation and those o0tained fro! a la0orator. protot.pe are presented" [2#2] >" -" +an >e *.pe, J" >e Fusse!e, (" )" +an >en Gossche, and C" (" -el=e0ee=, "*!all-signal 7-do!ain anal.sis of digitall. controlled con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 42$$" (s the perfor!ance of digital signal processors has increased rapidl. during the last decade, there is a growing interest to replace the analog controllers in low power switching con erters 0. !ore co!plicated and fle6i0le digital control algorith!s" Co!pared to high power con erters, the control loop 0andwidths for con erters in the lower power range are generall. !uch higher" Gecause of this, the d.na!ic properties of the unifor!l.-sa!pled pulse-width !odulators used in low power applications 0eco!e an i!portant restriction to the !a6i!u! achie a0le 0andwidth of control loops" %hough fre,uenc.- and 8aplace-do!ain !odels for unifor!l.-sa!pled pulse-width !odulators are er. alua0le as the. i!pro e the general perception of the d.na!ic 0eha ior of these !odulators, the direct discrete design of the digital co!pensator re,uires a 7-do!ain !odel for the co!0ination !odulator and con erter" Dor this purpose a new e6act s!all-signal 7-do!ain !odel is deri ed" &n accordance with the 7ero-order-hold e,ui alent co!!onl. used for EregularE digital control s.ste!s, this 7-do!ain !odel gi es rise to the de elop!ent of a unifor!l.-sa!pled pulse-width-!odulator e,ui alent of the con erter" %his 7-do!ain !odel is characteri7ed 0. its capa0ilit. to ,uantif. the different d.na!ics of the con erter for different !odulators, its ease of use and its a0ilit. to predict the alues of the control aria0les at the true sa!pling instants of the real s.ste!" [2#3] >" -" +an >e *.pe, J" >e Fusse!e, (" )" +an >en Gossche, and C" (" -el=e0ee=, "*!all-signal laplacedo!ain anal.sis of unifor!l.-sa!pled pulse-width !odulators," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power

Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 42$2" (s the perfor!ance of digital signal processors has increased rapidl. during the last decade, there is a growing interest to replace the analog controllers in low power switching con erters 0. !ore co!plicated and fle6i0le digital control algorith!s" Co!pared to high power con erters, the control loop 0andwidths for con erters in the lower power range are generall. !uch higher" Gecause of this, the d.na!ic properties of the unifor!l.-sa!pled pulse-width !odulators used in low power applications 0eco!e an i!portant restriction for the !a6i!u! achie a0le 0andwidth of control loops" (fter the discussion of the !ost co!!onl. used unifor!l.-sa!pled pulse-width !odulators, s!all-signal fre,uenc.and 8aplace-do!ain !odels for the different t.pes of unifor!l.-sa!pled pulse-width !odulators are deri ed theoreticall." %he results o0tained are erified 0. !eans of e6peri!ental data retrie ed fro! a test setup" [2##] (" +an >en Gossche, +" C" +alche , and F" G" Feorgie , "-easure!ent and loss !odel of ferrites with non-sinusoidal wa efor!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4#14" %he usual data of co!!ercial ferrite grades are gi en for sinusoidal wa efor!s, although the oltage in the t.pical applications in power electronics rese!0le to s,uare wa es" Dirstl., an accurate two wire, oscilloscope power !easure!ent is presented" *pecial wide fre,uenc. current and oltage transducers were designed, with a er. low phase difference up to 50-M7" *econdl., a ferrite loss !odel na!ed Natural *tein!et7 '6tension KN*'L is presented" %he !odel is chec=ed with !easure!ents on two different ferrite grades, with s,uare wa es with a large ariation in dut. ratio" %he proposed !odel is co!pared with -odified *tein!et7 ',uation K-*'L" %he two !ethods with a different !athe!atical for!ulation gi e co!para0le 0ut different results" [2#$] M" +an >er Groec= and -" 1endt, "(lternati e sustain dri er concepts for plas!a displa. panels," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2232" )las!a >ispla. )anels K)>)L are used in large flat %+ sets toda." (lthough plas!a displa.s show high perfor!ances their use is still restricted to high-end professional applications 0ecause of high cost" ( large part of the cost is caused 0. the electronic which co ers the whole 0ac=side of the panel" (l!ost three ,uarter of the electronic is related to sustain dri ers" %hese dri ers pro ide the panel with high fre,uenc. (C oltages of a0out Q;- 135+" Gecause of the energ. stored in the electrode capacitance and the high repetition fre,uenc., sustain dri ers in )>) consist of transistor M-0ridges and energ. reco er. circuits" %hese energ. reco er. circuits are 0ased on resonant topologies, which are for!ed 0. the parasitic capacitances of the panel and discrete cho=es" &deall. all energ., repetiti el. stored in the capacitance of the panel, can 0e reco ered" Mowe er, the re,uired -4*D'%s, the cho=es and the )CG connections cause oltage drops, which da!p the oscillation, leading to hard-switching operation in the sustain dri er units applied toda." %he paper thus descri0es the topolog. and the funda!ental operation of standard sustain dri ers and it proposes two alternati e solutions" Goth solutions allow real 7ero oltage switching" %he first alternati e sustain dri er concept onl. uses another control sche!e, which can 0e easil. installed in the present hardware" %he second new concept uses split au6iliar. >C oltages for the resonant co!!utation" %he two >C oltages are adapted to perfor! a co!plete resonant co!!utation of the panel oltage with the lowest current" %his solution needs a s!all 0uc= and a s!all 0oost con erter to 0e designed for continuous power flow" *ince up to # sustain dri er units are operating in parallel at the sa!e >C lin= oltage, the re,uired 0uc= and 0oost con erter can 0e used for all sustain dri er units" )rotot.pes of the standard and the alternati e sustain dri ers ha e 0een 0uilt and successfull. tested" [2$0] C" +assallo, C" C" Clare, and )" 1" 1heeler, "( !ultile el power con ersion sche!e for non-isolated dc sources," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3534" %his paper is concerned with the design of a 10-15 -1 power con ersion sche!e re,uired to interface rechargea0le, non-isolated >C *ources to the utilit. grid at !ediu!- oltage" &n order to !eet application re,uire!ents, a 3-le el M-Gridge in erter topolog. using series-cascaded single-phase power

transfor!ers is proposed" ',ualised-power selecti e har!onic eli!ination )1- is applied to the in erter, there0. !aintaining a low switching-fre,uenc. whilst !eeting utilit. grid har!onic re,uire!ents" %ransfor!er-cascading allows three-phase oltage generation using M-Gridges connected to a single >Clin=, there0. cancelling the twice-funda!ental current pulse associated with such an in erter, and hence reducing the current ripple on the >C-lin=" Gidirectional !ultiphase >C->C 0oost con erters are utili7ed to !aintain a sta0ili7ed oltage on the >C-lin=s and control the power flow fro! and to the >C *ources" ( low switching-fre,uenc. is also e!plo.ed on the >C->C con erters and current interlea ing reduces the >C *ource current ripple" ( 5=+( la0orator. protot.pe 0ased on the high power design has 0een 0uilt and is currentl. undergoing testing" '6peri!ental results are presented in this paper" [2$1] (" A" +a7, C" G" +ieira Cr, 8" C" >e Dreitas, '" (" (" Coelho, and +" C" Darias, "Gidirectional three-phase 0ridge con erter dri ed to se eral functions," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3$32" %his wor= presents an in estigation a0out the arious possi0le operation !odes of the topolog. 0ased on )1- +*& in erter connected in parallel with the power grid" (s it will 0e shown, 0. using of a control strateg. relati el. si!ple, this s.ste! can present interesting technical and econo!ical characteristics" [2$2] F" +en=atara!anan and G" 1ang, ">.na!ic !odeling and control of three phase pulse width !odulated power con erters using phasors," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2#22" (lthough the application of power electronic con erters in ac power s.ste!s has 0een !ostl. li!ited to unidirectional loads li=e !otor dri es, arious e ol ing applications such as power ,ualit. conditioners and distri0uted generation s.ste!s feature co!ple6 d.na!ic interactions affecting the operation of the ac power s.ste!" %he focus of this paper is to present s.ste!atic technologies for !odeling switching power con erters in conIunction with their controls to deter!ine their d.na!ic properties and assess their perfor!ance in an ac power networ=" %he paper presents a d.na!ic phasororiented !odeling techni,ue that is readil. co!pati0le with classical power s.ste! anal.sis techni,ues" ( state space !odel that represents the d.na!ic properties of the s.ste! in the !agnitude-angle for! is de eloped" %he !odel can 0e used for o0taining stead. state s!all signal d.na!ic properties at arious operating conditions, and hence 0e used for design of appropriate regulators" (pplication of the techni,ue is illustrated using a current source in erter e6a!ple" [2$3] (" +e77ini, (" 8inde!ann, and -" 8eh!ann, ")otential for opti!isation of dc-dc con erters for renewa0le energ. 0. use of high 0andgap diodes," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3#32" Goost con erters are co!!onl. used in stand alone renewa0le energ. s.ste!s to operate the photo oltaic K)+L generator in its !a6i!u! power point K-))L: 4utput oltage of the solar generator is 0oosted to the higher le el of 0atter. oltage" %he use of high switching fre,uenc. is 0eneficial to !ini!ise inductor si7e !aintaining a low ripple on >C current" %his howe er !a. lead to considera0le switching losses in transistor and diode, which would undesira0l. deteriorate efficienc. of the con ersion" ( !aIor influence of diodesE switching 0eha iour on s.ste! efficienc. has 0een identified" %his paper descri0es the results of a current e aluation of different rectifiers in a pro en design of 0oost con erter for a oltage le el of 100+ and no!inal power around 5001 - i" e" of a fast reco er. epita6ial diode, of two t.pes of high 0andgap Falliu! (rsenide KFa(sL *chott=. diodes with different 0arrier heights and finall. of a -4*D'% for s.nchronous rectification with and without soft switching" *.ste! losses ha e 0een ,uantified for se eral operating points - ar.ing current, fre,uenc. and switching speed" %hose results are co!pared with the predictions gained fro! a si!plified anal.tical !odel" Durther, conducted e!issions of the con erter are e aluated, 0ecause diode turn off characteristics are e6pected to significantl. influence '-C 0eha iour" %he paper thus is intended to clarif. suita0ilit. of the different rectifier technologies for an opti!ised >C>C con erter 0. anal.tical and e6peri!ental in estigation of s.ste! 0eha iour, leading to a ,uantification of its !aIor characteristics"

[2$4]

%" +iitanen and M" %uusa, "'6peri!ental results of ector controlled and ector !odulated ienna i rectifier," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4233" %his paper presents the practical realisation of a no el three-le el ector !odulation !ethod applied to a ector controlled +&'NN( & rectifier" %he theoretical anal.sis of the proposed !odulation techni,ue and ector control s.ste! are erified 0. si!ulations and la0orator. protot.pe !easure!ents" %he rectifier protot.pe has 0een designed to operate at a no!inal >C lin= output power of 10=1, >C lin= oltage of 250+ and an applied switching fre,uenc. of 5=M7" %he 8 filter is designed so that the total har!onic line current distortion is 4H" %he digital i!ple!entation of the control s.ste! and ector !odulator are realised with -otorola -)C555 !icrocontroller"

[2$5]

-" F" +illal a and '" D" Auppert, "3-d space ector pw! for three-leg four-wire oltage source in erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3$42" %his paper presents a detailed discussion a0out the three-di!ension K3->L space ector pulse width !odulation K*+)1-L for three-leg four-wire oltage source in erters K+*&L" %his su0Iect appeared with the necessit. of feeding nonlinear or un0alanced loads with sinusoidal or non-sinusoidal oltages and currents" %heor., application e6a!ples and i!ple!entation guidelines are shown"

[2$2]

-" F" +illal a and '" D" Auppert, "Current controller with artificial neural networ= for 3-phase 4-wire acti e filter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" $$3" %his paper presents a three-phase four-wire current controller 0ased on a linear neural networ=" ( 0rief discussion a0out acti e filters and current controllers is followed 0. an e6planation of the threedi!ensional K3->L space ector !odulation K*+)1-L algorith!" %hen a detailed discussion a0out the design and i!ple!entation of a linear !ultila.er feedforward neural networ= is presented"

[2$3]

C" +illegas, N" +a7,ue7, 8" Ca!acho, C" Mernande7, and C" (rau, "( no el 0atter. charger ; discharger stage for uninterrupti0le power suppl. s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1#$2" ( new 0atter. charger ; discharger for uninterrupti0le power suppl. K?)*L is proposed" %he proposed con erter offers sus0tantial i!pro e!ents in efficienc., si7e and cost co!pared with ?)* sche!es with !ultiple stages" %he proposed ?)* approach is a good solution for low power applications K[less-than or e,ual to] 5001L" %he operation of the con erter is addressed" %he anal.sis, si!ulation and e6peri!ental results are presented"

[2$#]

(" J" )" +iraI and F" (" C" (!aratunga, ">etailed stud. of a 5 ;1 , four stage switched capacitor con erter suita0le for integration," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3#54" 4peration of a 5+;1+ *witched Capacitor >C;>C con erter suita0le for integration in a 0"1#<!u/! C-4* technolog. is anal.sed in detail" ',uations for non linear oltages across capacitors and output are deri ed using first principles for stead. state operation of the con erter" %he 0eha iour of the con erter during the switching transition periods, which has pre iousl. 0een neglected, can ha e a significant i!pact on perfor!ance in high fre,uenc. operation is included" %he operation of the con erter was si!ulated in )*)&C' and results are co!pared with the anal.tical solutions to alidate the first principles studies" %he anal.tical e,uations are used to e aluate the sensiti it. of different para!eters, including parasitics, on the a erage and the ripple of the output oltage" %hese e,uations pro ide a faster approach to e aluating the operation of the con erter without ha ing to resort to a trial and error si!ulation approach for opti!u! design"

[2$$]

J" +iswanathan, A" 4ruganti, and >" *rini asan, ">ual-!ode control of cascade 0uc=-0oost pfc con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 213#"

%his paper proposes a si!ple and effecti e control !ethod for unit.-power-factor rectifiers 0ased on cascade 0uc=-0oost KCGGL con erter" %he proposed "dual-!ode" control !ethod effecti el. e6ploits the additional degree of control freedo! pro ided 0. the CGG con erter and achie es sinusoidal input current while pro iding a tight output oltage regulation" &n addition, the control !ethod also decouples the output oltage control loop fro! the often-slow input-current-reference generator, resulting in e6cellent output oltage d.na!ic response" %he theoretical anal.sis, choice of circuit ele!ents, and the applica0le range of operating conditions of the proposed control sche!e are also presented in the paper" '6cellent stead.-state and transient perfor!ance of the con erter are de!onstrated through si!ulation and e6peri!ental results" ( ,ualitati e co!parison of the con erter perfor!ance with the popular )DC con erters has also 0een done" [300] J" +iswanathan, A" 4ruganti, and >" *rini asan, ">esign and e aluation of tri-state 0oost con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4222" ( tri-state 0oost con erter proposed earlier a oids the d.na!ic response pro0le! of singleswitch 0oost con erter operating in continuous-conduction !ode 0. pro iding an additional inductor-freewheeling inter al" %he con erter offers an additional degree of control-freedo!" %wo ariations of a !ultiaria0le dual-!ode control K>-CL sche!e that effecti el. e6ploit this control freedo! and ai! to attain a good co!pro!ise 0etween the contradictor. !ultiple-goals of achie ing good d.na!ic perfor!ance and high efficienc. ha e also 0een proposed earlier" %he d.na!ic and stead.-state perfor!ances of the con erter under >-C are closel. interrelated and in turn decide the si7e and rating of power co!ponents and also the design of feed0ac= controllers" %he ai! of this paper is to in estigate the trade-offs in ol ed in the design of >-C 0ased tri-state 0oost con erter and to present a s.ste!atic design procedure for 0oth ariations of the >-C sche!es" %he relation 0etween d.na!ic and stead.-state perfor!ances is in estigated and used appropriatel. in selecting the power and control co!ponents" (n e6a!ple design is presented and the design is alidated through si!ulations and e6peri!ents" [301] +" +orperian, "( ripple theore! for pw! dc-to-dc con erters operating in continuous conduction !ode," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2#" &t is well =nown that the switching ripple infor!ation is lost in a lineari7ed a erage !odel of a )1- con erter" &n this wor= it is shown that the switching ripple co!ponent of an. state in a )1- dc-todc con erter operating in continuous conduction !ode can 0e reco ered with re!ar=a0le accurac. fro! the lineari7ed, a erage, s!all-signal !odel of the con erter 0. replacing the dut.-ratio control signal, d, with the ac co!ponent of the switching )1- dri e signal, >9su0:s9;su0:KtL - >, in the control-to-state transfer function" %he theore! is er. useful for esti!ating the pea=-to-pea= ripple in an. state of a con erter and is used here to deter!ine, for the first ti!e, the actual ripple in the 7ero-ripple, coupled Cu= con erter as a function of the load" [302] '" 1affensch!idt, ">esign and application of thin, planar !agnetic co!ponents for e!0edded passi es integrated circuits," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4542" %he integration of passi e co!ponents into the printed circuit 0oard K)CGL as e!0edded passi es integrated circuits Ke!)&CL results in a higher power densit. of power con erters" %o achie e a highl. auto!ated, low cost, integral !anufacturing, the de ices are constructed la.erwise" 'speciall. for !agnetic co!ponents li=e inductors and transfor!ers the design of such thin co!ponents is challenge" Gecause of the high aspect ratio, traditionall. used !odels lead to a high calculation effort or use nonappropriate neglectings" %his pu0lication presents an anal.tic approach for such a calculation" %he !odel considers the !agnetic flu6 distri0ution in the core and in the winding area and therefore allows a precise calculation of the inducti it. as well as the losses in the de ice and their distri0ution" &t is er. well suited for a para!etric anal.sis and thus for the s.nthesis of thin planar !agnetic co!ponents" %he assu!ptions and the results of the !odel !atch well to !easure!ents on real sa!ples" 1ith the help of this !odel a 20 1 off-line con erter was designed and fa0ricated" &ts transfor!er is entirel. integrated in the )CG as well

as 11 capacitors" *tandard )CG la!ination processes are used for the la.erwise integration of the co!ponents" %he circuit needs an area of the si7e of a credit card with a )CG thic=ness of 4 !!" ?p to #2H efficienc. could 0e achie ed" [303] D" %" 1a=a0a.ashi and C" (" Canesin, ">i!!a0le electronic 0allast with high power-factor sepic preregulator, for !ultiple tu0ular fluorescent la!ps," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4043" (n electronic 0allast for !ultiple tu0ular fluorescent la!ps is presented in this paper" %he proposed structure features high power-factor, di!!ing capa0ilit., and soft-switching to the se!iconductor de ices operated in high fre,uencies" ( Bero-Current-*witching - )ulse-1idth--odulated KBC*-)1-L *')&C con erter co!poses the rectif.ing stage, controlled 0. the instantaneous a erage input current techni,ue, perfor!ing soft-co!!utations and high input power factor" Aegarding the in erting stage, it is co!posed 0. a classical resonant Malf-Gridge con erter, associated to *eries )arallel-8oaded Aesonant K*)8AL filters" %he di!!ing control techni,ue e!plo.ed in this Malf-Gridge in erter is 0ased on the phaseshift in the current processed through the sets of filter Q la!p" &n addition, e6peri!ental results are shown in order to alidate the de eloped anal.sis" [304] 4" 1all!ar=, 8" Marnefors, and 4" Carlson, "*ensorless control of p!s! dri es for h.0rid electric ehicles," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4013" %his paper considers the i!ple!entation of a speed and position esti!ator for a per!anent!agnet s.nchronous !achine in a h.0rid-electric ehicle application" ( !odified ariant of the esti!ator of phase-loc=ed loop t.pe, pre iousl. de eloped 0. Marnefors and Nee, is presented, in order to ta=e into account effects of salienc. and operation in the whole speed region" Durther!ore, design rules for all para!eter settings are gi en" Gased on dri e-c.cle si!ulations, i!portant operating points are chosen for e aluation, with good results, on an e6isting e6peri!ental setup" [305] C"--" 1ang, "( new fa!il. of 7ero-current-switching pw! con erters using a new 7ero-current-switching pw! au6iliar. circuit," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1523" ( new fa!il. of 7ero-current-switching KBC*L pulsewidth-!odulated K)1-L con erters using a new BC*-)1- au6iliar. circuit is presented in this paper" %he !ain switch and au6iliar. switch operate at 7ero-current-switching turn on and turn off, and the all passi e se!iconductor de ices in the BC*-)1con erters operate at 7ero- oltage-switching KB+*L turn on and turn off" Gesides operating at constant fre,uenc. and reducing co!!utation losses, these new con erters ha e no additional current stress and conduction loss in the !ain switch in co!parison to the hard switching con erter counterpart" %he )1switch !odel and state-space a eraging approach is used to esti!ate and e6a!ine the stead.-state and d.na!ic character of s.ste!" %he new fa!il. of BC*-)1- con erters is suita0le for high-power application using insulated gate 0ipolar transistor K&FG%EsL" %he principle of operation, theoretical anal.sis, and e6peri!ental results of the new BC*-)1- 0oost con erter, rated 1"2=1 and operating at 30 =M7, are pro ided in this paper to erif. the perfor!ance of this new fa!il. of con erters" [302] F" 1ang, 5" 8i, and O" 5ou, "( no el control algorith! for cascade shunt acti e power filter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 331" &n this paper a no el control sche!e of cascade shunt acti e power filter KC*()DL is presented" %his wor= is !oti ated 0. the fact that the co!pensation a0ilit. of traditional acti e power filter is li!ited 0. the oltage capa0ilit. of the power de ices" 1hile the con erter with cascade topolog. has 0een put into practical use for .ears especiall. in high oltage and high power dri es" %he application of such con erter to acti e power filter is hindered 0. the pro0le! of oltage un0alance of separate >C capacitors that leads to s.ste! insta0ilit." %his paper deals with the design and i!ple!entation of a new digital controller for C*()D" Dinall. e6peri!ental results o0tained fro! a la0orator. s.ste! de eloped in this paper are presented to erif. the ia0ilit. and effecti eness of the proposed control algorith!"

[303]

M" 1ang, 8" Chen, M" Ciang, and O" Me, "( no el four-le el pfc circuit with passi e lossless snu00er," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1102" Dor high power and;or high oltage applications, in order to reduce the oltage of switches and the si7e of the inductor, and to i!pro e con erter efficienc. and power densit., the single-phase four-le el power factor correction con erter is presented in the paper, its operation principle and control !ethod are anal.7ed in detail" ( 2J1 four-le el )DC con erter is esta0lished, and the si!ulation and e6peri!ental results erif. the anal.sis of the four-le el )DC con erter and its control !ethod" %he passi e lossless snu00er cell could 0e applied to the four-le el )DC con erter to i!pro e its efficienc."

[30#]

M" 1ang, 5" >eng, and O" Me, "No el carrier-0ased pw! !ethod with oltage 0alance for fl.ing capacitor !ultile el in erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4423" %he paper presents a no el carrier-0ased )1- !ethod with oltage 0alance for fl.ing capacitor !ultile el in erters" &ts perfor!ance is greatl. i!pro ed than that of the con entional phaseshifted carrier )1- !ethod K)*)1-L, especiall. under low !odulation inde6 region" %he no el )1!ethod can 0alance the fl.ing capacitor oltage in a period" %he alidit. of the no el )1- !ethod is de!onstrated 0. the si!ulation and e6peri!ental results"

[30$]

M" 1ang, M" 8u, 5" >eng, A" Bhao, and O" Me, "Aelationship 0etween fl.ing capacitor !ultile el in erter pw! !ethods and switching loss !ini!i7ed pw! !ethod for fl.ing capacitor !ultile el in erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 441#" %he relationship 0etween the carrier-shifted )1- and the space ector )1- in fl.ing capacitor !ultile el in erters is esta0lished, and according to the relationship, the switching loss !ini!i7ed )1- for fl.ing capacitor !ultile el in erter is presented" &n co!parison with con entional carrier-shifted )1- !ethod, each phase of the fl.ing capacitor !ultile el in erter can ha e the 120<deg/ no switching 7one in one period 0. the proposed !ethod/ according to power factor angle, 120<deg/ no switching 7one can 0e adIusted to 0e farthest located in the centre of the pea= alue region of the load current, hence, the switching loss can 0e greatl. reduced and the efficienc. of the s.ste! can 0e greatl. i!pro ed" %he %ightness and practica0ilit. are erified 0. the si!ulation and e6peri!ental results"

[310]

M" 1ang, *" )e=are=, G" Dahi!i, '" Bi i, and C" Cie7=i, "&!pro e!ent of fault tolerance in ac !otor dri es using a digital delta-h.steresis !odulation sche!e," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" $44" &n this paper, a no el >igital >elta-M.steresis Aegulation K>>MAL sche!e is proposed that allows !otor dri e s.ste!s to !aintain relati el. accurate control of phase currents in the e ent of the loss of all phase current sensors" 1ithin the sche!e, line currents are reconstructed using =nowledge of the >Clin= current and switching states" %he generation of switching signals is 0ased upon traditional >eltaM.steresis Aegulation K>MAL" Mowe er, !odifications are !ade to >MA to ensure the >C-lin= current alwa.s contains sufficient infor!ation to reconstruct phase currents" '6peri!ental results o0tained fro! a ector-controlled induction !achine are used to show that there is a relati el. s!all difference 0etween the perfor!ance of the pre- and post-fault s.ste!s"

[311]

M" 5" 1ang, (" +" *tan=o ic, >" Jach!ari=, and 8" Nerone, "( no el discrete di!!ing 0allast for linear fluorescent la!ps," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" #15" &n this paper, new discrete di!!ing 0allast for linear fluorescent la!ps is proposed" >i!!ing control circuit is co!0ined with a 0allast !odule for !ultiple la!ps to reali7e three discrete lighting le els" Co!pared with con entional step di!!ing or on;off control !ethods, the proposed discrete di!!ing !ethod has the following ad antages: K1L >igital signal is generated 0. the di!!ing control circuit to

control turn on and off which !a=es the s.ste! !ore relia0le and integrated" K2L %he proposed discrete di!!ing s.ste! replaces the rela.s, which are necessar. in con entional la!p on;off control" &t decreases the cost of the o erall s.ste!" K3L %he proposed di!!ing 0allast can 0e installed 0. =eeping the original wiring s.ste!" %his !a=es the upgrading of lighting s.ste!s !ore effecti e and efficient" K4L %he proposed di!!ing control circuit also pro ides a good isolation for operating the low oltage wall switches 0. hand safel." Goth si!ulation and e6peri!ental results are in good agree!ent" [312] J" 1ang, D" Bhuo, 5" 8i, O" 5ang, and B" 1ang, "%hree-phase four-wire d.na!ic oltage restorer 0ased on a new s pw! algorith!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3#33" (n uninterrupted three-phase >.na!ic +oltage Aestorer 0ased on three-phase four-wire in erter is descri0ed in this paper" ( rectifier is used to suppl. the in erter of >+A and !a=es >+A co!pensate sags continuousl." %he soft phase loc=ed loop !ethod is used to detect the source oltage and the in erter is controlled to sol e the 7ero se,uence oltage of power s.ste! 0. a new oltage space ector )1- algorith! that is different fro! the traditional !ethod" %wo foundational ectors of the *+)1algorith! are used to produce the 7ero se,uence oltage in this paper" %he !ain circuit and the control algorith! were erified 0. si!ulation and e6peri!ent 0ased on 2=1 >+A s.ste! using a split-capacitor )1- in erter" [313] 8" 1ang, )" 8in, C" 8i, and B" Bhang, "*tud. on shunt acti e power filter 0ased on cascade !ultile el con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3512" ( shunt acti e power filter K()DL 0ased on cascade !ultile el con erters with carrier phase shifted sinusoidal pulsewidth !odulation KC)*-*)1-L is presented" %he !ain sections of the shunt ()D such as switching !odulation strateg., har!onic and reacti e current detection, (C side control and >C side control are discussed" *i!ulated results are gi en that erif. this ()D can co!pensate the har!onic and reacti e current correctl. and alidl." [314] 8" 1ang, )" 8in, C" 8i, and B" Bhang, "Mar!onic characteristic of sa!ple ti!e staggered space ector !odulation for !ulti-!odular or !ultile el con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4554" *a!ple %i!e *taggered *+- K*%*-*+-L is a new !odulation strateg. for high power e,uip!ents, which has 0een successfull. applied to !ulti-!odular con erters and cascade !ultile el con erters" &nstanced 0. a =ind of !ini!u! switching loss *+- K-*8-*+-L in this paper, its !odulation !odel is deri ed 0. dual Dourier transfor!s" %he !odulation !odel in fre,uenc. do!ain of *%*-*+- is then deduced and the har!onic characteristic of that is anal.7ed ,uantitati el." %he conclusions are drawn that this techni,ue can largel. i!pro e the e,ui alent switching fre,uenc. with no funda!ental co!ponent loss" %his conclusion is the sa!e with other =inds of *+-" '6peri!ental results erified the theoretical anal.sis" [315] *" 1ang, D" C" 8ee, and 1" F" 4dendaal, "?sing a networ= !ethod to reduce the parasitic para!eters of capacitors," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 304" &n this paper, a !ethod is proposed to reduce the e,ui alent series inductor K'*8L and e,ui alent series resistor K'*AL of capacitors" %he !ethod is theoreticall. anal.7ed at first/ and then e6peri!ents are carried out to erif. this !ethod" &t is shown that this !ethod can 0e used for 0oth fil! capacitors and electrol.tic capacitors" Goth '*8 and '*A can 0e reduced" %he proposed !ethod can 0e er. useful to reduce '-&, MD current ripple" [312] *" 1ang, D" C" 8ee, and 1" F" 4dendaal, "?sing scattering para!eters to characteri7e e!i filters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2$3"

&n this paper, the '-& filter is first characteri7ed 0. *-para!eters" Gased on this *-para!eters !odel, the insertion oltage gain of '-& filters with ar0itrar. source and load i!pedances are deri ed" '6peri!ents are carried out to erif. this approach" %he *-para!eters with current 0ias are also !easured to characteri7e the '-& filter under current 0ias conditions" %he concept of wa es is then used to interpret the i!pedance re,uire!ent of the filters" Dinall., the predictions on filter insertion oltage gain with practical source i!pedances are co!pared with the results fro! the !easure!ent and the effects of the source i!pedances are anal.7ed" [313] %" C" 5" 1ang and O" 5uan, ">esign of !ultiple-reference-fra!e pi controller for power con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3331" Co!prehensi e stud. of the !ultiple-reference-fra!eK-ADL )& controller design will 0e discussed in this paper" Dirstl., the design guideline for the proportional constant and integral constants will 0e presented" &nstead of the con entional integral constant, the ti!e constant is considered funda!ental" *econdl., the dela. co!pensation in -AD controller will 0e anal.7ed" %he approach that can enhance the sta0ilit. !argin is discussed" Dinall., anti-windup in the -AD )& controller will 0e studied" (ll the results of the anal.sis ha e 0een alidated" [31#] 1" 1ang, M" Chen, O" J" 1u, and B" @ian, "( no el h.0rid half 0ridge dc-dc con erter with wide 7 srange and high efficienc.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 511" ( no el high efficienc. phase-shifted )1- >C->C con erter is proposed in this paper" Co!pared to the con entional phase-shifted full-0ridge con erters, it can significantl. reduce the circu!fluent loss and achie e 7ero- oltage switching o er al!ost the full load-range" ' en !ore, due to the i!pro ed oltage wa efor! at the input of the 8C filter, the proposed con erter re,uires !uch lower inductance to li!it the inductor ripple current to a specified alue" 4perating principle is depicted in detail in this paper" '6peri!ental results fro! a 5001 protot.pe con erter operating at 100=M7 with isolated 4#+;10( output are presented to alidate the theoretical anal.sis" [31$] O" 1ang, (" Caiafa, C" 8" Mudgins, '" *anti, and )" A" )al!er, "&!ple!entation and alidation of a ph.sics0ased circuit !odel for igct with full te!perature dependencies," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 5$3" %his paper presents a ph.sics-0ased Dourier solution &FC% !odel for circuit si!ulation with full te!perature dependencies" Gesides the e6ternal electrical characteristics, the !odel can also pro ide internal ph.sical and electrical infor!ation of the de ice, such as the Iunction te!perature, and the charge distri0ution" %he !odel is shown to gi e good agree!ent with e6peri!ental wa efor!s and accuratel. predicts the de ice 0eha ior under changing te!peratures" [320] O" 1ang, *" Oiao, and &" Gatarseh, "( no el control for two-stage dc;dc con erter with fast d.na!ic response," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 43" %his paper in estigates the d.na!ic response relationship with nonlinear gain instead of con entional linear relationship in two-stage >C->C con erter, and proposes a si!ple no el control !ethod for two-stage con erter with fast d.na!ic response/ it has large operating dut. ratio and large oltage step-down ratio, suita0le for low oltage application" -ost i!portantl., it can achie e fast d.na!ic response without pushing higher fre,uenc. due to its large oltage gain slew rate" Dinall. an e6peri!ental protot.pe was carried out to erif. the theoretic anal.sis" [321] 5" 1ang, M" 8i, O" *hi, and G" Ou, "( no el carrier-0ased pw! strateg. for h.0rid !ultile el in erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4233" %he h.0rid !ultile el power con ersion has achie ed attention in resent .ears for !ini!i7ing

the cascaded cells nu!0er for gi en output oltage le els" Mowe er, the e,uip!ent co!ple6it. is not reall. decreased due to the adopting of )1- rectifier and this restrains its industr. utili7ation" &n order to a oid using controlled rectifier, the h.0rid fre,uenc. carrier-0ased )1- KMD)1-L control strateg. adapted to h.0rid power cells is presented in this paper" &n co!parison with the general sche!e, this proposed strateg. is a0le to !a=e each cell of the h.0rid in erter participate )1- !odulation and ha e the sa!e output oltage polarit." %hus the re erse current of the low- oltage cell is not present and this power cell is also a0le to 0e fed 0. diode rectifier" %he h.0rid !ultipl. connecting approach of the transfor!er secondar. windings feed for the three-phase diode rectifiers with different input oltages is illustrated in this paper" %he dri ing approach of each power cell is deri ed fro! this strateg. and reali7ed on the h.0rid se en-le el adIusta0le-speed dri e la0orator. s.ste!" %his control strateg. will 0enefit the energ. sa ing applications such as speed control of pu!ps and 0lowers" [322] 5" 1ang, B" 8u, 1" 5ao, and 5" 1ang, ">igital har!onic ac,uisition with dela. ti!e co!pensation 0ased on the i!pro ed d-, transfor!ation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3050" Mar!onic detecting pla.s an i!portant role in acti e power filter for the line har!onic suppression, and >*) is increasingl. used for digital har!onic detecting !ethod, 0ut there is a dela. ti!e fro! load current sa!pling to har!onic co!pensation using digital har!onic detecting wa." &n this paper, a new algorith! 0ased on the i!pro ed d-, rotating coordination transfor!ation is presented, which add the dela. ti!e co!pensation angle <>elta/<theta/ into the C9sup:19;sup: of con entional d-, rotating coordination transfor!ation, the theor. anal.sis and the e6peri!ental results pro ed that the algorith! can co!pensate the influence of the con entional digital wa.Es dela. ti!e on the har!onic co!pensation and reali7e the real ti!e co!pensation" [323] 5" 1ang, @" Bhang, C" 5ing, and C" *un, ")rediction of pin diode re erse reco er.," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2$52" Fenerall., the re erse reco er. issue of diode is difficult to deal with, which causes large added loss and '-&" >ifferent down slopes for diode re erse oltage !ean different wor=ing conditions, and this paper will show .ou the general concept with different down slopes and how to predict the re erse reco er. current to calculate the relati e switching loss" %he e!pirical e,uations are deduced 0ased on ph.sical concepts and erified 0. la0 !easure!ents" [324] %" 1atana0e, %" *u7u=i, J" -atsuse, 5" %adano, -" No!ura, and %" 5a!ada, "+ector controlled induction !otor dri es with electrical dou0le la.er capacitor," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 135$" %his paper proposes a direct current K>CL power suppl. circuit consisted of a 0atter. and an electrical dou0le la.er capacitor K'>8CL" &n erter-fed induction !otor K&-L dri e is controlled using the proposed power suppl. circuit" %his power suppl. circuit can 0e co!posed of a power regeneration s.ste! consisting of the 0atter. connected to the '>8C through a step-up and down chopper" G. switching control of the step-up and down chopper, it can control charge and discharge of the '>8C" %herefore, the '>8C ena0les us to achie e the gi ing and recei ing of >C with the in erter" 1hen the in erter-fed &- dri e generates a power with regenerati e 0ra=ing, the power is charged to the '>8C" %he '>8C discharges the charged power when the in erter-fed &- dri e is accelerated or load is added to the in erter-fed &-" G. !eans of these wor=s, the proposed power suppl. circuit can reduce the load of 0atter." %he utilit. of the proposed !ethod is e6a!ined through co!puter si!ulations" [325] 1" 1" 1ea er and )" %" Jrein, "-itigation of power s.ste! collapse through acti e d.ana!ic 0uffers," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 10#0" )ower electronics continues to grow as an ele!ent of electrical loads" -ost such loads, including !otor dri es, co!puter power supplies, and co!pact fluorescent lighting, ser e to "isolate" the load d.na!ics fro! the utilit. grid" %he unfortunate effect is that these loads enforce local constant power

0eha ior, which tends to de-sta0ili7e the suppl. s.ste!" %his paper re iews the power 0uffer concept, in which a power electronics load ta=es ad antage of d.na!ic isolation to present a desired d.na!ic 0eha ior to the grid" %hrough si!ulations and e6peri!ental results power 0uffers are shown to pre ent s.ste! insta0ilities and oltage collapse" [322] C" 1e0er, (" Fensior, M" Fuldner, and 4" 1o.wode, "Dlatness 0ased control for chaotic 0oost con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1201" %his paper is a0out a control concept that offers 0oth, 1L fast and s!ooth e,uili0riu!-toe,uli0riu! transfers and al!ost perfect trac=ing of desired reference traIectories for non-!ini!u! phase s.ste!s despite sudden load changes, and 2L a si!ple !ethod to reduce electro!agnetic interference K'-&L at the source" %he first goal is achie ed 0. resorting to the flatness propert. present in the 0oost con erter" %he second goal is acco!plished 0. superi!posing a s!all chaotic ripple on the planned traIector. deri ed fro! the s.ste!Es flat output" [323] *"-)" 1e0er, '" Moene, *" Futtows=i, 1" Cohn, and M" Aeichl, "-odeling induction !achines for e!canal.sis," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" $4" '-C-anal.sis of power electronic s.ste!s is strongl. supported 0. networ= si!ulations" *i!ulations at the s.ste! le el pro ide not onl. the prediction of '-& 0ut also deep insight into the '-C rele ant effects" %o !odel the s.ste! properl., it is necessar. to !odel source and target of '-& and also all parts of the coupling paths" '-&-filters can 0e designed efficientl. using networ= 0ased !odeling approaches" &n this paper a !odel for induction !achinesE '-C 0eha iour si!ulation is para!eteri7ed in the fre,uenc. range fro! so!e =M7 up to 100 -M7" %he high-fre,uenc. characteristics of induction !achines with power ratings fro! 330 1 up to 45 =1 are co!pared and a !odel li0rar. is set up for 0oth, fre,uenc. and ti!e do!ain" [32#] J" 1ei, C" Aen, D" %eng, and B" Bhang, "( no el pw! sche!e to eli!inate the diode freewheeling in the inacti e phase in 0ldc !otor," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 22#2" %he G8>C- KGrushless >C -otorL with trape7oidal 0ac=-'-D Kelectro!oti e forceL wa efor! is increasingl. used" 1hen the !otor runs in the 120<deg/conduction !ode, two of the three phases are acti e and the rest phase is inacti e at all ti!es in principle" Mowe er, a ripple current occurs in the inacti e phase due to the diode freewheeling during the non-co!!utation period in the traditional )1- !ethods, which aggra ates the tor,ue ripples" ( new )1- !ethod is proposed in the paper to eli!inate the diode freewheeling during the non-co!!utation period in the inacti e phase" (s a result, the tor,ue ripple is suppressed using the proposed !ethod" %he si!ulation and e6peri!ental results are de!onstrated to erif. the alidit. of the proposed )1- !ethod" [32$] C" 1eigel and )" -utschier, "-odelling and control of a per!anent !agnet linear s.nchronous !otor featuring un0alance and saturation including cross-saturation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2204" >ue to their structure linear !otors feature !ore or less un0alance" &n case of highl. !agnetic utilisation the electrical para!eters depend on the degree of saturation and conse,uentl. depend on the currents in the !achine" Dor highl. d.na!ic control accurate !odelling of the !otor is ine ita0le" %he control of a !otor with aria0le para!eters can either 0e ro0ust 0ased on a si!ple !odel 0ut with inferior d.na!ics or highl. d.na!ic and accurate 0ased on a detailed !odel" >espite the !otorEs un0alance it is !odeled in a two a6es do!ain, 0ut with para!eters that depend significantl. on the !otor currents and the !o erEs position" %his allows the ac,uisition of the !otor para!eters 0. !easure!ent for a ariet. of currents and positions e en with an una aila0le neutral point" 4n the other hand the !otor para!eters can 0e deduced fro! a finite ele!ent calculation" Goth !ethods will 0e discussed in the paper" -echanical ,uantities such as thrust or tor,ue are nor!all. controlled 0. controlling the electrical ,uantities, either stator currents or stator flu6" 1hile the stator currents are easil. !easura0le the flu6 is not directl.

ac,uired" Mere 0oth the current or the flu6 is controlled 0. a dead0eat controller and the choice of the sa!pling ti!e is discussed with respect to the aria0le !achine !odel and its digital s.ste! representation" [330] G" (" 1elch=o, %" -" Cahns, and %" (" 8ipo, "*hort-circuit fault !itigation !ethods for interior p! s.nchronous !achine dri es using si6-leg in erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2133" %his paper characteri7es si6-leg in erters to !itigate short-circuit faults for interior per!anent !agnet K&)-L s.nchronous !achines" Je. differences 0etween 0us structures in si6-leg in erters are identified" Dor si6-leg in erters e!plo.ing two isolated dc lin=s, it is shown that up to 35H of rated output power could 0e produced following a single-switch short-circuit fault" ( !agnet flu6 nulling control !ethod is proposed as a response to stator winding t.pe short-circuit faults" %his control !ethod results in a 7ero-tor,ue fault response 0. the !otor" %he i!portant influence of the 7ero se,uence in 0oth the !otor and in erter structure is identified and de eloped for this class of fault" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental results are presented erif.ing the proposed !agnet flu6 nulling control !ethod" [331] C" A" 1ells, G" -" Nee, )" 8" Chap!an, and )" %" Jrein, "4pti!al har!onic eli!ination control," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4214" Mar!onic eli!ination and control has 0een a widel. researched alternati e to traditional )1techni,ues" %he e,uations that go ern har!onic eli!ination ha e !ultiple solutions 0ased on different switching angles" 'ach solution will result in the uncontrolled har!onic content ha ing a uni,ue distri0ution of energ." %o deter!ine which solution is opti!al, a cost function !ust 0e de eloped for a gi en specific application" %.pical cost functions will re,uire e aluation significantl. 0e.ond the last controlled har!onic" %his paper de elops a cost function and pro ides e6peri!ental results for a singlephase in erter and a three-phase induction !otor dri e s.ste!" ?lti!atel., it is shown that there e6ists an opti!al har!onic control solution for a gi en application which !ini!i7es so!e cost function/ in this case, s.ste! power loss" [332] 1" 1en and 5"-*" 8ee, "( two-channel interlea ed 0oost con erter with reduced core loss and copper loss," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1003" ( two-channel interlea ed 0oost con erter using an integrated !agnetic co!ponent to reduce the core and copper losses is proposed in this paper" %he integrated !agnetic co!ponent functions as three inductors" (ll inductor windings are wound on a single 'l or '' core" &n the proposed winding arrange!ent, inductors can 0e designed to ha e s!aller inductances and fewer turns" *o!e windings of the integrated !agnetic co!ponent are in ersel. coupled, which helps to reduce the ripple of the !agnetic flu6" %he e,ui alent circuit !odel of the proposed integrated !agnetic co!ponent and its characteristics are discussed" '6peri!ental results show that the proposed approach can offer significant i!pro e!ent in efficienc." [333] )" 1" 1heeler, C" C" Clare, -" (pap, 8" '!pringha!, 8" >e 8ilo, J" C" Gradle., C" 1hitle., and F" %owers, ")ower suppl. loss ride-through and de ice oltage drop co!pensation in a !atri6 con erter per!anent !agnet !otor dri e for an aircraft actuator," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 14$" &n an. aerospace application it is i!portant that the si7e and weight of power con erters are !ini!i7ed" %his re,uire!ent, in conIunction with the a0sence of the re,uire!ent for electrol.tic capacitors, suggests that -atri6 Con erters could 0e a er. useful topolog. for aerospace applications" &n order to in estigate the possi0le ad antages and pro0le!s associated with the use of -atri6 Con erters in this t.pe of application a )er!anent -agnet -otor >ri e for a de!onstration (320 'lectro-M.drostatic K'M(L (ileron (ctuation *.ste! has 0een 0uilt and tested" %he aileron is a pri!ar. flight surface due to it 0eing critical to flight sta0ilit." (ctuation of this t.pe !ust e6hi0it the highest integrit. to ensure safe operation of the aircraft" %he -atri6 Con erter has 0een designed to function correctl. under a range of operating scenarios found in !an. aerospace applications, including ride-through during te!porar. loss of suppl."

%his paper presents the design, construction and testing of this -atri6 Con erter )er!anent -agnet -otor >ri e, including practical results for a range of operating conditions" [334] C" 1ise!ap and G" 1u, "(cti e da!ping control of a high power pw! current source rectifier for line current thd reduction," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 552" %he use of acti e da!ping to reduce the total har!onic distortion K%M>L of the line current for !ediu! oltage K2"3J+ to 3"2J+L high-power ) 1 - current source rectifiers is in estigated" %he rectifier re,uires an 8C filter connected at its input ter!inals, which constitutes an 8C resonant !ode" %he lightl. da!ped 8C filter is prone to series and parallel resonances when tuned to a s.ste! har!onic either fro! the utilit. or fro! the )1- rectifier" %hese issues are traditionall. addressed at the design stage 0. properl. choosing the filter resonant fre,uenc." %his approach !a. result in a li!ited perfor!ance since the 8C resonant fre,uenc. is a function of the power s.ste! i!pedance, which usuall. aries with power s.ste! operating conditions" &n this paper, an acti e da!ping control !ethod is proposed for the reduction in line current %M> of high power current source rectifiers operating at a switching fre,uenc. of onl. 540M7" %wo t.pes of 8C resonances are in estigated: the parallel resonance e6cited 0. har!onic currents drawn 0. the rectifier and the series resonance caused 0. har!onic pollution in the source oltage" &t is de!onstrated through si!ulation and e6peri!ents that the proposed acti e da!ping control can effecti el. reduce the line current %M> caused 0. 0oth parallel and series resonances" [335] %" -" 1ol0an=, C" 8" -achl, and %" Cager, "Co!0ination of signal inIection and neural networ=s for sensorless control of in erter fed induction !achines," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2300" Dor !echanical sensorless control of in erter-fed induction !achines, a satisfactor. perfor!ance at low speed down to 7ero funda!ental fre,uenc. can so far onl. 0e achie ed 0. e aluating inherent saliencies of the induction !achine" *i!ilar to other sensorless !ethods 0ased on signal inIection, the resulting control signals of the indirect flu6 detection !ethod 0. on-line reactance !easure!ent is influenced 0. e er. salienc., for e6a!ple, the saturation 0ased, the slotting, and the anisotrop. salienc. as well as 0. load and flu6 le el" *ince these influences are e6tre!el. dependent on the !achine design, the. can hardl. 0e calculated in ad ance and re!o ed 0. filtering or digital signal processing" Mowe er, the possi0ilit. of utili7ing a neural networ= for learning the indi idual dependencies and re!o ing the unwanted influences can pro ide a er. satisfactor. result" *ince the eas. i!ple!entation of a neural networ= does onl. use a s!all a!ount of calculation power, the algorith!s can 0e i!ple!ented e en in low-cost signal processors" -easure!ents on !echanical sensorless controlled induction !achines present ade,uate results up to a0out rated load, depending on the transient electrical 0eha iour, and with this on the design para!eters of the induction !achine" [332] *" C" 1ong, C" J" %se, -" 4ra0i, and %" Nino!i.a, "-ethod of dou0le a eraging for !odeling pfc switching con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3202" %his paper descri0es the !odeling of power-factor-correction con erters under a eragecurrent-!ode control" %he approach e!plo.s a dou0le a eraging procedure, which first applies the usual a eraging o er the switching period and su0se,uentl. applies a eraging o er the !ains period" %he resulting !odel, after two a eraging steps, is nonlinear and capa0le of descri0ing the low-fre,uenc. nonlinear d.na!ics of the s.ste!" %he para!eter ranges within which sta0le operation is guaranteed can 0e accuratel. and easil. found using this !odel" [333] *" C" 1ong, C" J" %se, and J" C" %ang, ">ual current-!ode control for single-switch two-output switching power con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 23" ( no el !ethod for progra!!ing current in dc;dc con erters operating in discontinuous conduction !ode is descri0ed in this paper" %he control aria0le is the product of the s,uare of the dut.

c.le and the switching period, i"e", > 9sup:29;sup:%, which is directl. proportional to input and output currents of a discontinuous-!ode con erter" ( !ethod of controlling > 9sup:29;sup:% is applied to con erters that utili7e one switch Kor one set of s.nchronous switchesL for achie ing two control functions" &n particular a single-switch two-output 0oost con erter, in which a continuous-!ode con erter and a discontinuous-!ode con erter share one acti e switch, is studied" &n this s.ste!, current-!ode control is used to regulate the output oltage of the continuous-!ode con erter and the proposed > 9sup:29;sup:% control is used to regulate the other discontinuous-!ode con erter" %he result is a generic current-!ode controlled dual-output con erter" [33#] M" 1rede and +" *taudt, "4pti!i7ed feed forward control of a statco! with li!ited energ. storage capa0ilit. for flic=er co!pensation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3153" Dlic=er is a totall. stochastic ariation in the !ains oltage which affects ligthing sources and is also a power ,ualit. pro0le! for 0oth power suppliers and industrial process !anufacturers" Currentl. the !ain cause of custo!er co!plaints due to light flic=er is the oltage fluctuation generated 0. arc furnaces, which often represent the largest single load of an electric power utilit." Gecause of cost efficienc. the energ. storage capa0ilit. of static s.nchronous co!pensators K*%(%C4-L for the !itigation of oltage flic=er can still onl. 0e s!all co!pared to the energ. ta=en 0. an arc furnace during one period of the line oltage" %his leads to high de!ands on co!pensation strategies" &n this paper different feed forward control structures of a *%(%C4- with li!ited energ. storage capa0ilit. for flic=er co!pensation are discussed and assessed 0. si!ulations 0ased on oltages and currents !easured at an arc furnace" [33$] %" D" 1u, *" 5" %seng, C" C" Fuo, and -" 1" 1u, "(nal.sis and design of !ulti-switch dri er for high pulsed oltage generators," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3#3" %his paper presents a !ulti-switch dri er for high pulsed oltage generators K)+FsL" ( high )+F usuall. needs !an. switches for!ed with !ultiple -4*D'%s connected in series to .ield high output pulsed oltage" &t has 0een often used for processing !icro0es, such as food sterili7ation, waste treat!ent, pollution control and !edical diagnostics and treat!ent" 1ith the proposed !ulti-switch dri ing circuits, the nu!0er of switch -4*D'%s connected in series can 0e raised, while the co!ponent counts to produce the desired pulsed oltage wa efor!s can 0e reduced" (s a result, its weight and si7e can 0e reduced significantl. and its efficienc. can 0e correspondingl. i!pro ed" ( protot.pe of a full-0ridge switch dri ing wa efor! generator for dri ing four sets of switches to chop a dc 10 =+ into <plus!n/10 =+;<plus!n/0"1 ( has 0een successfull. i!ple!ented and it has de!onstrated the feasi0ilit. of the proposed dri ing sche!e" [340] 1" 1u, 8" %ong, -" 8i, B" -" @ian, B" 8u, and D" B" )eng, "( no el series h.0rid acti e power filter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3045" ( no el series h.0rid acti e power filter is proposed" Co!pared with the con entional series acti e power filter K*()DL or the series h.0rid acti e power filter, its acti e part onl. needs to suppress so!e low order har!onics" *o the capacit. factor of the in erterEs >C oltage is i!pro ed a lot and the power rating of the acti e part decreases !ar=edl., while its filter perfor!ance does not decline" %he detailed theoretical anal.sis is gi en, and the feasi0ilit. is erified through the si!ulation and the e6peri!ent on a 10=+( protot.pe" [341] 1" 1u, 8" %ong, -" 8i, B" -" @ian, B" 8u, and D" B" )eng, "( new control strateg. for series t.pe acti e power filter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3054" &n this paper, the sta0ilities of the series t.pe acti e power filter and the whole power s.ste! are anal.7ed respecti el." %he factors that affect the filter perfor!ance of the con entional series acti e power Dilter K*()DL and the series h.0rid acti e power filter K*M()DL are studied in detail" Gased on these, a new leading co!pensating control strateg. for series t.pe acti e power circuit is presented, which

can enhance the sta0ilit. of the whole power s.ste!, i!pro e the filterEs perfor!ance and decrease the power rating of the acti e part" '6peri!ent results of a 10=+( protot.pe de!onstrate and confir! its alidit." [342] O" 1u, M" Chen, C" Bhang, and B" @ian, "(n i!pro ed high efficienc. full 0ridge 7 s dc-dc con erter with o erall load range soft switching," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1205" %his paper propose an i!pro ed full 0ridge dc-dc con erter, which can achie e B+* with wide input oltage range and load range" G. adding two cla!p diodes in the pri!ar. side of the transfor!er, the oltage ringing across rectifier diodes is reduced" %herefore schott=. diodes can 0e e!plo.ed and high efficienc. is achie ed" (n 1"2=1;105=M7 e6peri!ental circuit was !ade with an efficienc. higher than $5H" [343] O" 1u, M" Digueroa, and (" -onti, "%esting of digital controllers using real-ti!e hardware in the loop si!ulation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3222" >esigning and testing digital control s.ste!s for power electronics applications can 0e costl. and ti!e consu!ing" &n this paper, a rapid, low-cost protot.ping and testing procedure for digital controller design is proposed using Aeal-%i!e Mardware-&n-the-8oop KA% M&8L *i!ulation" Dirst, the control su0s.ste! is protot.ped using con entional si!ulation techni,ues" (fter the perfor!ance of the control logic is e aluated using non real-ti!e si!ulation, the control su0s.ste! is tested with A% M&8 si!ulation" A% M&8 si!ulation replaces the si!ulated control s.ste! with a real hardware controller, which interacts with other irtual !odels that are si!ulated in real-ti!e" %his increases the realis! of the si!ulation and pro ides access to hardware features currentl. not a aila0le in software-onl. si!ulation !odels" Conse,uentl., A% M&8 !a=es the testing of new control e,uip!ent fast, safe and relia0le" %o perfor! A% M&8 e6peri!ents, a real-ti!e si!ulation platfor! has 0een i!ple!ented using +irtual %est Ged K+%GL and its real-ti!e e6tension KA%+%GL" (s a de!onstration of the proposed procedure, a digital controller for an M-0ridge in erter is designed, i!ple!ented and tested" %he fre,uenc. response anal.sis is also perfor!ed on the closed-loop s.ste!" [344] D" M" Oepapas, (" O" Jaletsanos, F" *" )erant7a=is, and *" N" -anias, "-odified dtfc techni,ue for 4,uadrant i! dri e s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1252" ( !odified ersion of >irect %or,ue and Dlu6 Control K>%DCL techni,ue for &nduction -otor K&-L dri e s.ste! is proposed" )ower con ersion through a dou0le-sided )1- con erter s.ste!, esta0lishes a 4-@uadrant operation" Nonlinear control algorith!s address the re,uire!ents of near sinusoidal line currents, power factor correction, high perfor!ance !otor operation" -otor control is sensorless" (n intelligent, nonlinear controller has 0een designed for ro0ust speed control" *i!ulation results erif. control d.na!ics and operation at 7ero speed" [345] D" M" Oepapas, (" O" Jaletsanos, F" *" )erant7a=is, and *" N" -anias, "*liding !ode fu77. logic control techni,ue for induction !otor dri e s.ste! fed 0. three-le el npc in erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1253" %he paper presents a no el control !ethod for >irect %or,ue and Dlu6 Control K>%DCL of an &nduction -achine K&-L fed 0. a three-le el Neutral )oint Cla!ped KN)CL *liding -ode )ulse 1idth -odulated K*-)1-L oltage source in erter" %he control principle is 0ased on sliding !ode nonlinear techni,ue co!0ined with fu77. logic K*liding -ode Du77. 8ogic Control, *-D8CL" %he proposed ro0ustintelligent controller i!pro es low speed perfor!ance, tor,ue and flu6 ripple and its d.na!ic perfor!ance is 0etter than the con entional !ethods" [342] 5" Oi and )" J" Cain, ">istri0uted on-0oard power suppl. architectures for electronic cards e!plo.ing highspeed low- oltage se!iconductor circuits," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists

Conference, 2004, pp" 4333" %his paper presents the concepts of distri0uted architectures of on-0oard power suppl. for electronic cards e!plo.ing high-speed, low- oltage and high-current integrated circuits" Je. features of the proposed architectures include single-stage power con ersion for independentl. regulated !ultiple outputs, reduced nu!0er of power co!ponents, on-0oard power distri0ution in the for! of high- oltage and low-current, reduced )CG area occupation 0. the power suppl. and power distri0ution trac=s, power con ersion into the re,uired low- oltage and high-current at the point-of-load for 0etter regulation, etc" %he i!ple!entations of the architectures are gi en, their stead. state and d.na!ic properties are characteri7ed, and the perfor!ances are e6a!ined" '6peri!ental and si!ulation results are presented as proof of concept" [343] 1" Oiao and 1" F" >unford, "( !odified adapti e hill cli!0ing !ppt !ethod for photo oltaic power s.ste!s," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1$53" -a6i!u! power point trac=ing K-))%L !ust usuall. 0e integrated with photo oltaic K)+L power s.ste!s so that the photo oltaic arra.s are a0le to deli er !a6i!u! a aila0le power" &n this paper, a !odified adapti e hill cli!0ing K-(MCL -))% !ethod is introduced" &t can 0e treated as an e6tension of the traditional hill cli!0ing algorith!" %he si!ulation and e6peri!ental results show that the proposed -))% control can a oid trac=ing de iation and result in i!pro ed perfor!ance in 0oth d.na!ic response and stead.-state" [34#] 1" Oiao, 1" F" >unford, and (" Capel, "( no el !odeling !ethod for photo oltaic cells," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1$50" %he !athe!atical description of current- oltage characteristics for photo oltaic cells are generall. represented 0. a coupled nonlinear e,uation, which is difficult to sol e 0. anal.tical !ethods" &n this paper, a no el !odeling process is proposed to configure a co!puter si!ulation !odel, which is a0le to de!onstrate the cellEs output features in ter!s of en iron!ent changes in irradiance and te!perature" Gased on a si!plified single-diode !odel, the para!eters are deter!ined in the sense of !ini!u! !odel error and te!perature effect" &t is tested to si!ulate three popular t.pes of photo oltaic panels !ade of different !aterials, C&* thin fil!, !uti-cr.stalline silicon, and !ono-cr.stalline silicon" %he effecti eness of this approach is e aluated through co!parison of si!ulation results to the data pro ided 0. productEs !anufacturer" [34$] *" Oie, @" 8i, and 8" Bhao, "&nfluence on har!onic e!ission li!its of coincidence factor of electrified railwa. load," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" $#4" %his paper studies how to appl. the coincidence factors proposed 0. &'C21000-3-2 to electrified railwa. load" &t is pro ed that the coincidence factors of traction loads are !ore and !ore sta0le with nu!0er of traction su0station increasing 0ased on statistic and calculation of a lot of !easure!ent data of electrified railwa." Dactual coincidence factors of traction loads are put forward and the influence of coincidence factors on distri0ution of har!onic e!ission li!its to users is illustrated in this paper" 1hen indi idual userEs har!onic e!ission le el is e aluated, sufficient consideration of coincidence factors is necessar. especiall. for peculiar user, such as electrified railwa." &t will !a=e power ,ualit. standard in ol ed in har!onic !ore rational" [350] O" Oie, 1" 1ang, C" -" Bhang, and B" @ian, "( no el 7 s-pw! full-0ridge con erter topolog.," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1223" &n this paper, a no el B+*-)1- full-0ridge con erter topolog. is proposed" B+* can 0e achie ed for the lagging-leg 0. using the energ. stored in the lea=age inductor in hea . load condition while using energ. stored in 0oth the lea=age inductor and !agneti7ing inductor in light load condition" (n #401 protot.pe 0ased on the proposed topolog. is 0uilt up and a relati el. high efficienc. has achie ed"

[351]

O" Oie, C" 5ang, and O" 5uan, "( di!!ing and protection !ethod for the self-oscillating half-0ridge 0allast circuit," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 242#" Con entional oltage-fed self-oscillating half-0ridge topolog. has 0een widel. used in the electronics 0allast" %he !aIor design challenge in such a 0allast circuit is how to di! and protect such a self-oscillating circuit, which usuall. adds s.ste! cost and co!ple6it." &n this paper, a no el !ethod is proposed to tac=le this pro0le!" %he di!!ing !ethod is achie ed 0. si!pl. controlling the gate dri e signal dela. ti!e" %he protection circuit not onl. ensures the full-range 7ero oltage switching operation, 0ut also protects the self-oscillating 0allast against possi0le fault !odes operation" &n addition, the proposed solution also pro ides the feature to progra! la!p start-up processes so that 0allast designers can opti!i7e their design so as to !a6i!i7e la!p life and lu!en !aintenance" %he !ethod can 0e i!ple!ented in 0allasts for arious gas discharge la!ps" %heoretical anal.sis, circuit si!ulation and e6peri!ental results are gi en to alidate the proposed solution"

[352]

O" Oie, C" -" Bhang, 5" Cai, and B" @ian, "( unified controlled power factor corrected dc;dc topolog. using !agneti7ing energ. to reduce dc 0us oltage," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" $##" ( si!ple two-stage con erter with unified controller is proposed in this paper" %he !agneti7ing current of >C;>C transfor!er can 0e used to help reduce the >C 0us oltage in light-load conditions" >etailed theoretical anal.sis is presented" ( 2401 protot.pe 0ased on the proposed topolog. is 0uilt up and e6peri!ent results erif. the anal.sis"

[353]

5" Oiong, >" Chen, O" 5ang, C" Mu, and B" Bhang, "(nal.sis and e6peri!entation of a new three-phase !ultile el current-source in erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 54#" -ultile el con erter technolog. has 0een !ainl. used for oltage-source in erters K+*) sL 0. now" Gut with the de elop!ent of the superconducting !agnetic energ. storage K*-'*L technolog., superconducting inductors can 0e used as higher efficienc. energ. storage ele!ents, the application of current source !ultile el in erters KC*&E sL in power s.ste!s will 0e !ore and !ore popular" ( new =ind of three-phase !ultile el C*& topolog. is presented in this paper" %he new !ultile el C*&E s s.nthesi7e the staircase current wa e fro! se eral le els of 0alance inductor currents" %he switching strateg. that can ensure e,ual current di ision a!ong the 0ranches and current har!onics reduction is presented" ( threephase 2-le el C*& and a three-phase C*& using the new topolog. are discussed 0. the si!ulations" (n e6peri!ental protot.pe of a three-phase 2-le el C*& has 0een 0uilt to practise the proposition in the paper"

[354]

>" Ou and 5" Fao, "(n approach to tor,ue ripple co!pensation for high perfor!ance p!s! ser o s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3252" (n adapti e load tor,ue o0ser er is presented to co!pensate the tor,ue ripple in )-*- ser o s.ste!" ( si!ple adapti e sche!e is deri ed using )opo Es h.persta0ilit. theor." %he tor,ue ripple detected 0. the o0ser er is co!pensated 0. a feed forwarding e,ui alent current which gi es fast response" %he nois. current infor!ation is e6e!pt fro! the o0ser er to a oid its deterioration of the ,ualit. of the o0ser er" %he speed !easure!ent dela. is considered 0. using o0ser ed speed since the instantaneous elocit. canEt 0e esti!ated precisel. at low speed 0ecause of too few position pulses fro! the a0solute encoder during one ti!e inter al" *i!ulation and e6peri!ental results de!onstrate that the proposed !ethod can i!pro e the d.na!ic perfor!ance of )-*- ser o s.ste! satisf.ingl."

[355]

C" Ou, D" 1ang, *" Oie, C" Ou, and C" Deng, "( new control !ethod for per!anent !agnet s.nchronous !achines with o0ser er," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1404" %he controlla0ilit. and o0ser a0ilit. of per!anent !agnet s.nchronous !achines K)-*-L is

anal.7ed 0. using !athe!atic !odel of )-*-" Gased upon which, a full order state o0ser er is esta0lished for stator flu6 of )-*-" %his o0ser er is e!plo.ed to )-*- direct tor,ue control K>%CL s.ste! to su0stitute traditional pure integrator stator flu6 o0ser er" *i!ulation results show that the full order o0ser er achie es satisfied esti!ation of stator flu6, especiall. near 7ero speed, and offers greatl. ro0ustness to para!eter ariation" [352] O" Ou, (" -" Jha!0ad=one, and A" 4ruganti, "(n as.!!etrical half 0ridge dc-dc con erter: Close loop design in fre,uenc. do!ain," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1242" &n this paper, the s!all signal !odel anal.sis of an (s.!!etrical Malf-Gridge >C->C Con erter K(MGCL operating in the continuous conduction !ode KCC-L is presented" %he influence of the non-ideal co!ponents to the s.ste! perfor!ance is discussed" Gased on the s!all signal !odel, the close loop feed0ac= is designed in the fre,uenc. do!ain for a )& controller and a lead-lag controller" %he design criteria for the close loop feed0ac= is descri0ed and a clear design process for the feed0ac= co!pensator is presented" Mow to achie e the opti!u! 0andwidth and phase !argin under the influence of the co!plicated s.ste! structure is in estigated" %he close loop s.ste! load d.na!ic response fro! a 12+;4( e6peri!ent circuit is o0tained" [353] B" Ou and -" D" Aah!an, "( aria0le structure tor,ue and flu6 controller for a dtc ip! s.nchronous !otor dri e," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 445" ( aria0le structure controller K+*CL is proposed for direct tor,ue and stator flu6 lin=age control of an interior per!anent !agnet K&)-L s.nchronous !otor" &n co!parison with con entional direct tor,ue control K>%CL, the in erter switching fre,uenc. of the proposed dri e is constant and controlla0le 0. using space ector !odulation K*+-L, the tor,ue and flu6 ripple are significantl. reduced" %he fast response and ro0ustness !erits of >%C are preser ed" [35#] O" >" Oue, J" 1" '" Cheng, *" 8" Mo, and >" J" 1" Cheng, "New esti!ation sche!e of the ar0itrar. rotor position at standstill for the sensorless switched reluctance !otor dri e," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1232" ( new sche!e to esti!ate the rotor position at standstill for the sensorless switched reluctance !otor dri e is presented in this paper" %his sche!e utili7es the accurate esti!ation !odelling 0ased on the two-di!ensional least s,uares and 0isection !ethods" Durther!ore, the opti!al sensing phase that is detected ia e6citing each phase in se,uence with a >C oltage for a short duration is used to esti!ate the !athe!atical rotor position at standstill" (ccording to the de eloped logic rules, thus, the ph.sical rotor position at standstill can 0e deter!ined on the 0asis of the o0tained !athe!atical rotor position at standstill" %he si!ulation and e6peri!ental results alidate the presented sche!e" [35$] 5" Oue and 8" Chang, "Closed-loop spw! control for grid-connected 0uc=-0oost in erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3322" >C input oltage of in erters fluctuates dra!aticall. in distri0uted generation applications such as in a wind energ. s.ste!" 5et, a high ,ualit. ac output is re,uired for grid interconnection under aria0le source conditions" )re iousl. de eloped control strategies !ainl. focused on i!pro e!ents under load ariations, a dc input of relati el. s!all ripples, etc" %his paper proposed a closed-loop sinusoidal )1control !ethod with real-ti!e wa efor! feed0ac= techni,ues for a grid-connected 0uc=-0oost in erter" %he control-to-output function was deri ed through stead. state !odeling 0ased on the power 0alance condition, which pro ides an approach when the output cannot easil. 0e characteri7ed in a single-stage 0uc=-0oost in erter" %he closed-loop control !odel was studied with a newl.-in ented single-stage 0uc=0oost in erter circuit" *i!ulations erified the !ethod pro ided fast d.na!ic response and ro0ustness under large dc oltage ariations, non-ideal grid oltage, and co!ponent para!etric uncertainties" %he controlled in erter achie ed a low-%M> sinusoidal output with a s!all ac filter and without a dc lin= capacitor" %herefore, it is concluded that the proposed !ethod can 0e a preferred choice for grid-connected

0uc=-0oost in erters in distri0uted generation s.ste!s" [320] 8" 5acou0i, J" (l-Maddad, D" Dnaiech, and 8"-(" >essaint, "'6peri!ental alidation of nonlinear and adapti e control strategies i!ple!ented on a 3-phase 3-le el npc 0oost rectifier," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1235" &n this paper, the authors present detailed e6peri!ental alidation of Nonlinear and (dapti e Control *trategies i!ple!ented on a 3-)hase 3-le el Neutral )oint Cla!ped KN)CL Goost Aectifier" %hese control strategies are de eloped to control power factor, output and neutral point oltages and also to reduce para!etric ariation and utilit. distur0ance influences" %hese two control !ethods are designed and applied to the con erter ia a 1"# =M7 )ulse 1idth -odulator" %he. are e6ecuted in real ti!e using the -)C#240 -4%4A48( -icroprocessor" %he e6peri!ental results, o0tained on a 1"2 =1 la0orator. protot.pe, illustrate the perfor!ance of these two !ethods" %he nonlinear controllers are characterised 0. reduced co!ple6it. and ,uite good perfor!ance in co!parison to linear control !ethod" %he adapti e control e6hi0its !uch 0etter perfor!ance in a wide operation range for para!etric ariations, utilit. distur0ances and also for output oltage regulation" [321] C" 5an, M" 1u, C" Beng, and C" 5ing, "-odeling and anal.sis of a no el rectifier oltage stress !echanis!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3#24" %his paper presents a no el output rectifier oltage stress !echanis! at light load for a phase shifted full 0ridge con erter" %he resonance 0etween parasitic capacitor, lea=age inductor and e6ternal inductor during dut. c.cle loss period contri0utes a lot to the oltage stress of the output rectifier at light load" >ue to the parasitic resonance, the oltage stress of the rectifier at light load case is t.picall. !ore se ere than that at hea . load case" %he paper e6plains the no el rectifier oltage stress !echanis! and erifies it 0. e6peri!ental results" [322] F" 5ao, 5" *hen, 1" 8i, and O" Me, "( new soft switching snu00er for the interlea ed 0oost con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3325" ( new B+*-BC* interlea ed 0oost con erter is proposed in this paper" G. using this interlea ed con erter topolog., the 7ero current turn-on and 7ero oltage turn-off of the !ain switches can 0e achie ed" &n addition, the au6iliar. switches are the B+% during the whole switching transition" [323] +" 5as=i , "?sing of high-fre,uenc. !agnetic a!plifier in switch !ode dc power supplies," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 125#" &n this paper the new !ethods of switch !ode >C power suppl. K*-)*L designing on the high le el of load current, that are 0ased on use of high-fre,uenc. a!orphous !aterials with a rectangular h.steresis loop KAM8L, are descri0ed" %he principle of operation of oltage regulator with the highfre,uenc. !agnetic a!plifiers is e6plained" %heir ad antages are adduced in co!parison with transistor analogs" %he structure of !ultichannel *-)* with e,ui alent and independent output channels is shown" %he features of the high-fre,uenc. non-regulated transistor in ertor operation are descri0ed" %he !ethod of inclusion on parallel operation of separate *-)* is offered" %he !ain specifications of !ultioutput *-)* and also e6a!ples of its designing for co!puter facilities are aducced" [324] B" 5e, 8" 8i, 8" Farces, C" 1ang, A" Bhang, -" >a!e, A" 1alling, and N" -iller, "( new fa!il. of acti e anti-islanding sche!es 0ased on d, i!ple!entation for grid-connected in erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 235" ?nintentional islanding protection of distri0uted generation is a =e. function for standards co!pliance" Dor those distri0uted generations that use an in erter as grid interface, the function can 0e i!ple!ented as part of the in erter control" '6isting anti-islanding sche!es used in in erters ha e power ,ualit. and non-detection 7one issues" %his paper proposes a new fa!il. of sche!es that ha e negligi0le

power ,ualit. degradation and no non-detection 7one" >esign guidelines 0ased on fre,uenc.-do!ain anal.sis is also pro ided" Dinall., 0oth si!ulation and e6peri!ental results alidate the proposed sche!es" [325] B" -" 5e, )" J" Cain, and )" C" *en, "-ultiple fre,uenc. !odeling of high fre,uenc. resonant in erter s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4103" -ultiple-fre,uenc. !odeling K-D-L offers a general s!all signal !odeling !ethodolog. for resonant t.pe con erters" ( >C;(C resonant in erter is deco!posed into two pure >C su0-circuits for each har!onics, the e6citations of which are orthogonal" Mowe er, such deco!position !a=es the definitions of acti e power ), reacti e power @, apparent power * and instantaneous power p difficult, while these concepts are i!portant for resonant in erter s.ste! power flow anal.sis and controller design" 1e e6tend the -D- 0. gi ing general definitions of ), @ and * in ter!s of the state aria0les of the series of deco!posed su0-circuits of -D-" 1e present a general circuit !odel for high fre,uenc. >C;(C resonant in erter s.ste!" 1ith this !odel, power flow anal.sis can 0e con enientl. perfor!ed" )erfor!ances are anal.7ed in detail for a high fre,uenc. in erter-ac 0us s.ste!" [322] C" 5eh and -" >" -anIre=ar, "( single-phase ups s.ste! 0ased on trinit9sup:.9;sup: con erter topolog. using oltage-regulated current-controlled feed0ac= control approach," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 412#" ( proposed single-phase uninterrupti0le power suppl. K?)*L s.ste! deri ed fro! a %riple Aectifier &n erter Neutral &nter-%. K%A&N&%9sup:.9;sup:L con erter topolog. utili7ing oltage-regulated current-controlled feed0ac= approach is presented here" %he proposed ?)* !odel presents the ad antages of high power con ersion efficienc., unit. input power factor Kreacti e power co!pensationL, as well as low input and output total har!onic distortion Khar!onic power co!pensationL in the oltages and currents under nor!al !ode of operation" -eanwhile, during 0ac=up !ode of operation, this ?)* has the capa0ilit. of pro iding grid isolation without an. 0ac=ward power feed into the faulted utilit. suppl., while ha ing low output oltage and current total har!onic distortion" &t also eli!inates the series transfor!er and the power factor corrector used in conIunction with the traditional stand-alone ?)*, and it is i!per ious to load ariations" &n addition, this ?)* has the desira0le characteristics of !a=ing sea!less transition fro! nor!al to 0ac=up !ode during power failures and ice ersa, as well as pro iding controlled oltage charging at the dc 0us lin=" 8astl., the circuit structure is si!ple, light weight, and can 0e i!ple!ented at a low cost using the standard co!!ercial a aila0le co!ponents" *i!ulation and so!e initial e6peri!ental results are presented to de!onstrate the alidit. and efficac. of the proposed ?)* s.ste! and control strateg." [323] C"-'" 5eon, J"--" Cho, 1"-*" 4h, and M"-C" Ji!, "( no el half-0ridge resonant in erter ha ing loadfreewheeling !odes," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1304" %his paper presents a new circuit topolog. and its digital control sche!e of the half-0ridge resonant in erter" (s the proposed half-0ridge in erter can 0e operated in the load-freewheeling !odes, pulse width !odulation K)1-L control !ethod can 0e used for the output power control" %he proposed half-0ridge in erter should =eep unit. output displace!ent factor under the load-i!pedance ar.ing conditions, if a new )1- control sche!e 0ased on the resonant fre,uenc. trac=ing algorith! is adopted" &n this paper, the operation principle, electrical characteristics, and detailed digital control sche!e of the proposed half-0ridge resonant in erter are descri0ed" '6peri!ental results of the proto-t.pe e6peri!ental setup to erif. the alidit. of the proposed half-0ridge resonant in erter are presented and discussed" [32#] 5" 5in and A" Bane, ">igital controller design for electronic 0allasts with phase control," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1#55" %his paper presents an approach for digital controller design and i!ple!entation in resonant in erters and electronic 0allasts" %he controller is designed around an inner phase loop for fast regulation of the resonant tan= operating point and an outer current loop to control the output load current" %he concept

of direct digital phase control is re iewed, followed 0. a description of a co!plete dual-loop digital controller design" %he controller is applied to an M&> 0allast control s.ste! with additional functions including la!p startup and output o er- oltage protection" %he digital s.ste! is descri0ed with +erilog coding and can 0e s.nthesi7ed and i!ple!ented auto!aticall. in standard digital logic" (n D)F(-0ased test 0ed for the digital controller is i!ple!ented for rapid protot.ping, re-progra!!a0ilit., and realistic hardware reali7ation" [32$] *"-F" 5oon, C"--" 8ee, C"-M" )ar=, &"-J" 8ee, and G" M" Cho, "( fre,uenc. controlled 0i-directional s.nchronous rectifier con erter for he using super-capacitor," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 135" &n this paper, a control !ethod of a 0i-directional 7ero- oltage-switching KB+*L >C->C con erter for M'+ power s.ste! is presented" G. controlling the !ini!u! and !a6i!u! alues of the inductor current, the B+* condition is achie ed" (lso e!plo.ing the aria0le fre,uenc. control with respect to the ariation of the >C-lin= current and the super-capacitor oltage, the circulating energ. loss at the light load condition is !ini!i7ed" ( 1"25=1 e6peri!ental hardware protot.pe !odule is 0uilt to erit. the efficienc. i!pro e!ent, especiall. at the light load condition" &t shows a0out 34H efficienc. i!pro e!ent co!pared to the fi6ed fre,uenc. control at the light load condition" [330] 5"-M" 5oon, >"-M" Man, *"-C" Ji!, >"-J" Ji!, and C"-5" 1on, "Current h.steresis controlled resonant cdu!p con erter for switched reluctance !otor dri e," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 132$" %he speed at which the *A- !a=es a transition fro! chopping control to single pulse operation, Ki"e", low speed to high speed operationL" &t is unsatisfied with perfor!ance at all operational regi!es" &n this paper, the operational perfor!ance of *A- can 0e i!pro ed 0. using current h.steresis control !ethod" %his !ethod !aintains a generall. flat current wa efor!" (t the high speed, the current chopping capa0ilit. is lost due to the de elop!ent of the 0ac=-'-D" %herefore *A- operates in single pulse !ode" G. using 7ero-current switching and 7ero- oltage switching techni,ue, the stress of power switches can 0e reduce in chopping !ode" 1hen the co!!utation fro! one phase winding to another phase winding, the current can 0e 7ero as fast as possi0le in this period 0ecause se eral ti!es negati e oltage of >C-source oltage produce in phase winding" %his paper is co!pared to perfor!ance 0ased on con entional C-du!p con erter topolog. and the proposed resonant C-du!p con erter topolog." *i!ulation and e6peri!ental results are presented to erif. the effecti eness of the proposed circuit" [331] 5"-M" 5oon, *"-M" *ong, %"-1" 8ee, C"-5" 1on, and F"-*" Ji!, "Migh perfor!ance control of c-du!p con erters fed switched reluctance !otor for auto!o0iles," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1322" %his paper deals with the anal.sis for different dri e circuit topologies of switched reluctance !otor dri es for use in ehicles" *witched reluctance !otor is fa!ous for its fault tolerance and good d.na!ic response" %a=ing into account the re,uire!ent for effecti e operation and si!plicit. structure of con erter in the li!ited internal en iron!ent of auto!o0iles, the author inclines toward selecting the !odified C-du!p con erter as well as the energ. efficient C-du!p con erter" %his is so that !ore econo!ical and efficient con erter topolog. in auto!o0ile industries can 0e utili7ed" %his paper descri0es the perfor!ance characteristics of a 12+-2501-3000rp! *A- dri es for auto!o0iles" Durther!ore, co!puter si!ulation and e6peri!ent results are presented to erif. the perfor!ance of the two =inds of Cdu!p con erters" [332] 5"-M" 5oon, -"-*" 1oo, %"-1" 8ee, C"-5" 1on, and 5"-5" Choe, ")ll control algorith! for precise speed control of the slotless p! 0rushless dc !otor using 2hall-ics," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1315" %he high perfor!ance dri es of the slotless )er!anent !agnet Grushless >CK)- G8>CL !otor can 0e achie ed 0. the current control, where the currents flow according to the rotor position and

the current phase is suita0l. controlled according to the operation condition" Aotor position infor!ation can 0e pro ided 0. Mall-&C or sensorless algorith!" Mowe er, 0asicall. sensorless algorith! is not suita0le for the co!plicated operation conditions of )- G8>C" *o, the Mall-&Cs are set up in this !otor to detect the !ain flu6 fro! the rotor" &nstead of using three Mall-&Cs and encoder, this paper uses onl. two Mall-&Cs for the per!anent !agnet rotor position and the speed feed0ac= signals, and uses a !icrocontroller of 12-0it t.pe K#0C1$2JCL with the 3-phase slotless )- G8>C whose si6 stator and two rotor designed" %wo Mall&Cs M( and MG are placed on the endplate at 120degree phase difference" 1ith these ele!ents, we esti!ate infor!ation of the others phase in se,uence through a re ol ing rotor" (lso 0ecause of low resolution o0tained 0. using Mall-&C e en low-cost and si!ple structure, to i!pro e the wide range of speed response characteristic !ore e6actl., we propose the rotor position signal s.nthesi7er using )88 circuit 0ased on two Mall-&Cs" [333] +" 5ousef7adeh, >" -a=si!o ic, and @" 8i, "( 7ero oltage switching single-phase in erter using h.0rid pulse-width !odulation techni,ue," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1234" %his paper descri0es the design of a high-efficienc. single-phase in erter" %he techni,ues e!plo.ed in the design include a co!0ination of h.0rid pulse width !odulation KM)1-L, and 7ero oltage switching KB+*L, to i!pro e the efficienc. of the in erter for high switching fre,uenc. applications" %he M)1- control sche!e pro ides si!ple control logic i!ple!entation using either an analog circuit or a digital controller" &n the B+*-M)1- in erter proposed in this paper, oltage stresses on all switches are li!ited to the input oltage" ( design guideline for selecting the resonant tan= ele!ents and the !ini!u! off ti!e of the cla!p switch is pro ided" ( protot.pe was 0uilt to erif. the design and to co!pare 7ero- oltage switching and hard switching using -4*D'%s and &FG%s" &t is shown that the 0est efficienc. is o0tained using -4*D'% switches in the proposed B+*-M)1- in erter" [334] -" B" 5oussef and )" J" Cain, "( new ultra fast 4# oltage regulator !odule part i: *a!pled-data !odeling," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 22$0" New topolog., control sche!e, and !odeling techni,ue are proposed in order to achie e the ultra-fast transient response re,uired in 4#+;1+ oltage regulator !odule K+A-L" %he linear sa!pled data theor. is e!plo.ed to e6tract an accurate d.na!ic !odel" %he ad antages of the proposed controller are highlighted through a detailed co!parison with the con entional current !ode controller" (nal.tical and si!ulation results are carried out for a 1001 con erter in order to pro e the alidit. of the deri ed !odel as well as the d.na!ic perfor!ance" [335] -" B" 5oussef and )" J" Cain, "( front end self-sustained llc resonant con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2251" %his paper presents a 88C resonant con erter wor=ing with a self-sustained oscillation controller K**4CL" &t pro ides the opti!i7ation of the con erter ele!ents ratings, and has an o erall higher efficienc. than when wor=ing with the con entional aria0le fre,uenc. controller K+DL" ( perfor!ance co!parison for the con erter is perfor!ed for 0oth control techni,ues" &t is shown that the self-sustained oscillation controller K**4CL results in a ten ti!es increase in the alue of the !agneti7ing inductance, which si!plifies the transfor!er" Durther, the **4C shows ro0ustness against the ariation of the co!ponents due to real ti!e uncertaint." (nal.tical, and si!ulation results erifies the perfor!ance i!pro e!ent of the proposed con erter" [332] -" B" 5oussef, )" J" Cain, and M" )inheiro, "( reduced order sa!pled-data d.na!ic !odel for a seriesparallel resonant con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2421" ( no el reduced fifth-order sa!pled data d.na!ic !odel for the self-sustained series-parallel resonant con erter with inducti e output filter is descri0ed in this paper" ( generali7ed sa!pled data algorith! suita0le for an. switched con erter is gi en with a step-0.-step procedure" Gased on this

algorith!, accurate si!ple state-space large signal and s!all signal d.na!ic !odels are deri ed" %he !ain ad antage of the sa!pled data techni,ue is its s.ste!atic procedure, high accurac., and less !athe!atical effort" %he proposed d.na!ic !odels are erified 0. the anal.tical, si!ulation, and e6peri!ental results" [333] M" Beineldin, -" &" -arei, '" D" 'l-*aadan., and -" -" (" *ala!a, "*afe controlled islanding of in eter 0ased distri0uted generation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2515" 1hen the power utilit. is su0Iected to a distur0ance and part of the distri0ution s.ste! is approaching catastrophic failure, control actions need to 0e ta=en to li!it the e6tent of the distur0ance on the critical custo!ers" (n effecti e approach to secure power suppl. for the !ost i!portant custo!ers is 0. i!ple!enting *afe Controlled &slands K*C&L in the distri0ution s.ste! during a utilit. outage" %he ulti!ate goal when such sche!e is i!ple!ented is !aintaining the oltage and fre,uenc. during islanded operation within the standard li!its" %his paper presents a no el control strateg. to produce *C& with particular reference to in erter interfaced distri0uted generators K>FsL" [33#] @" Beng and 8" Chang, "( new !ethod for three-phase oltage detection and protection 0ased on reference fra!e transfor!ation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 24#$" ( distri0uted power generation s.ste! is re,uired to cease to energi7e the grid within a specified clearing ti!e at the detection of an a0nor!al grid oltage" %raditionall., three-phase grid oltage protection is achie ed 0. calculating and !onitoring the r!s alues of grid oltages fro! the instantaneous oltage data" %his re,uires continuousl. accu!ulating the sa!pled oltage data o er one or !ore c.cles 0efore an r!s alue is calculated, which not onl. de!ands length. co!putations 0ut also causes a ti!e dela. in response to a oltage fault" &n this paper, a new !ethod for three-phase grid oltage detection and protection 0ased on reference fra!e transfor!ation is proposed, anal.7ed and i!ple!ented on a 30=1 three-phase grid-connected in erter" G. calculating and !onitoring the instantaneous !agnitude of the grid oltage ector in the s.nchronous d-, reference fra!e, the proposed !ethod has an i!!ediate response for grid oltage faults" %he si!ulation and la0orator. tests on the in erter ha e erified that the new !ethod is si!ple and accurate, and offers a fast d.na!ic perfor!ance" [33$] @" Beng, 8" Chang, and )" *ong, "* pw!-0ased current controller with grid har!onic co!pensation for three-phase grid-connected si," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 24$4" +oltage space ector pulse-width !odulation K*+)1-L is widel. used in the current control of three-phase oltage-source in erters K+*&L" Mowe er, as a oltage-t.pe !odulator, *+)1- 0rings so!e draw0ac=s to controllers, such as the co!pro!ised output current due to the 0ac= '-D distur0ance and nonlinearit. of the s.ste!, the lac= of inherent o er-current protection, etc" &n this paper, *+)1--0ased current control strateg. with grid har!onics co!pensation and dual-ti!er sa!pling sche!e is proposed and i!ple!ented in a 30=1 three-phase grid-connected +*&" Goth si!ulation and e6peri!ental results erif. that the proposed current controller offers a high perfor!ance of current control e en under the influence of the grid har!onics" (t the sa!e ti!e, the proposed dual-ti!er sa!pling sche!e not onl. !ini!i7es the s.ste! control dela. 0ut also offers an i!pro ed response for o er-current protection to the s.ste!" [3#0] O"-C" Beng, O" 5ang, and B"-(" 1ang, "(nal.sis of electro!agnetic coupling in h.0rid integrated power electronic !odule," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 450$" 'lectro!agnetic co!pati0ilit. has to 0e gi en enough attention in the design of h.0rid &ntegrated )ower 'lectronic -odule K&)'-L due to the sharpl. decreased distance 0etween power de ices and the control;dri ing circuits co!paring with con entional power electronic e,uip!ent 0uilt with discrete de ices" %he high d ;dt, di;dt and high fre,uenc. parasitic ringing caused 0. the switching circuit

can 0ring serious '-& to the control;dri ing circuit 0. the cross-coupling !ethods" %his paper anal.7es the capaciti e and inducti e cross-coupling pro0le!s inside &)'-" Dinite 'le!ent -ethod KD'-L is used to e6tract the !utual capacitances 0etween the !etal 0ars in the !odel" %hen the influence of d ;dt can 0e esti!ated" %he high fre,uenc. circulating current in the 0ridge circuits is also in estigated, which results in the !agnetic interference 0. the !utual inductance coupling" %he !utual inductance is calculated with the si!plified )artial 'le!ent ',ui alent Circuit K)''CL approach and i!age !ethod" %he e6peri!ent alidates the effecti eness of this e aluation" &n the end, the electro!agnetic shielding is discussed" [3#1] G" Bhang and *" >" )e=are=, "(nal.sis and a erage alue !odel of a source-co!!utated 5-phase rectifier," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 322" %he stead.-state 0eha iors of a 5-phase diode rectifier s.ste! connected to 0oth an inducti e oltage source and a s.nchronous !achine ha e 0een in estigated" Dor the oltage source;rectifier s.ste!, research has 0een perfor!ed in hardware and si!ulation, starting with a light load and ending with a short circuit on the >C 0us" *e en !odes of operation ha e 0een identified" (nal.tical a erage alue !odels relating output current and oltage ha e 0een deri ed for each !ode" Co!parisons are !ade to 3-phase s.ste!s of identical olu!e" Dor the !achine;rectifier s.ste!, a different regulation characteristic has 0een o0ser ed, due to the effect of !utual inductances 0etween phase windings" 4peration !odes are shown to 0e the sa!e as those of the oltage source;rectifier s.ste!" (nal.tical a erage- alue !odels for two !odes of operation ha e 0een esta0lished, and agree well with detailed si!ulation results" [3#2] C" Bhang, J" C" %seng, +" Oiao, and J" 5" Bhu, "-odel-0ased predicti e control for a co!pact and efficient fl.wheel energ. storage s.ste! with !agneticall. assisted 0earings," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3533" ( co!pact and efficient fl.wheel s.ste! is proposed in this paper" %he fl.wheel acts as the rotor of the dri e s.ste! and is sandwiched 0etween two dis=-t.pe stators" ( co!0ination of acti e and passi e !agnet 0earings allows the rotor-fl.wheel to spin and re!ains in !agnetic le itation" &t is a !ultiaria0le, nonlinear, and sensiti e s.ste!" %he con entional )&> controller is not effecti e for such a s.ste! operating at er. high speed" %o achie e 0etter control perfor!ance, a no el !odel-0ased predicti e control K-)CL approach is introduced" %he -)C !ethod can pre-ca leu late the s.ste! 0eha ior, and can 0e ro0ust against !odel-!is!atching and une6pected d.na!ics" %he si!ulation results ha e 0een o0tained and co!pared with the con entional )&> control" %he results show that the sta0ilit., sensiti it. and ro0ustness of the -)C approach are superior to )&> control for the proposed fl.wheel s.ste!" [3#3] >" Bhang, 1" Bhang, 5" Chen, O" Bhao, and 5" 1ang, "( signal stage ac;dc con erter with resonant !odel pfc," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 13$$" ( signal stage (C;>C con erter with resonant !odel )DC has 0een in estigated in this paper" %he !ain contri0utions are as the followings: K1L a new circuit configuration has 0een proposed, which is 0uilt up 0. adding four e6tra co!ponents in a con entional dou0le switches-forward con erter" %he e6tra co!ponents operate in resonant !odel to i!pro e the power factor of the (C input current/ K2L %he principle of the new circuit has 0een e6plored and its 0eha iors ha e 0een studied/ K3L %he e6peri!ent results show that the new circuit has good perfor!ances, such as high power, lower >C 0us oltage, high power factor and so on" [3#4] D" Bhang, D" B" )eng, and B" @ian, "*tud. of the !ultile el con erters in dc-dc applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1302" -ultile el con erters ha e 0een de!onstrated to ha e !an. ad antages such as low har!onic, low oltage stress, and high power capa0ilit." Mowe er, !ost of the researches are focused on high power (C->C and >C-(C applications" %his paper presents se eral !ultile el >C->C con erters, which can 0e used in auto!oti e applications as well as in high power applications" Gased on the diode-cla!p, fl.ingcapacitor, and cascaded !ultile el in erters, their correlati e >C->C con erters are deri ed" ( 1 =1 protot.pe of four-le el fl.ing-capacitor >C->C con erter used in auto!oti e s.ste!s was 0uilt as an

e6a!ple to de!onstrate the ad antages" [3#5] D" Bhang, 8" Oiao, and 5" 5an, "Gi-directional forward-fl.0ac= dc-dc con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 405#" Gi-directional >C->C Con erter is widel. used in !ore and !ore areas" %he paper proposed a no el t.pe of 0i-directional >C->C con erter topologies-Dorward-Dl.0ac= 0i-directional >C->C con erters" %he con erter has the following !erits: 1L %he spi=e on the switches is !uch s!aller than the current-fed t.pe con erter, the energ. that cause the spi=e is !uch s!aller than that in the current-fed con erter/ 2L %he current of one side of the 0i-directional >C->C con erter is continuous, the current ripple is s!all/ 3L %here is no the start-up pro0le! in the Dorward-Dl.0ac= 0i-directional >C->C con erter/ 4L &t is eas. to reali7e soft switching/ and 5L %he h.0rid structure of forward and fl.0ac= con erter !a=es it suit for high power situation" %he paper anal.7ed the stead. state operation principles in detail" %he e6peri!ental results erif. the anal.sis" Gased on the principle of acti e cla!p forward-fl.0ac= 0idirectional >C->C con erter, a fa!il. of 0i-directional >C->C con erter is proposed" [3#2] C" -" Bhang, O" F" Oie, O" J" 1u, and B" @ian, "Co!parison stud. of phase-shifted full 0ridge 7 s con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 533" %he )hase-*hifted full 0ridge K)*DGL B+*-)1- con erter is widel. adopted in !ediu! to high power applications" Gut the con entional )*DG has !an. li!itations and !an. i!pro ed topologies ha e 0een proposed to i!pro e the perfor!ance of the )*DG B+* con erter" %his paper presents a detailed re iew for these techni,ues" %he !erits and li!itations of these techni,ues are anal.7ed and their =e. features and characteristics are co!pared" Gased on the re iew and co!parison, an i!pro ed )*DG B+* con erter is proposed" ( guidance of selection opti!i7ed topolog. for practical application is also discussed in this paper" Aelated *i!ulation results and e6peri!ental results are presented" [3#3] C" -" Bhang, O" F" Oie, O" J" 1u, and B" @ian, "*ta0ilit. stud. for paralleled dc;dc con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 152$" %his paper re iews the insta0ilit. pro0le! and the anal.sis !ethod for the paralleled >C;>C con erters" Gased on the re iew, a new sta0ilit. anal.sis !ethod for a erage and !aster-sla e current sharing sche!es is proposed" %he proposed !ethod is si!ple and allows straightforward design of a current-sharing loop co!pensator" %he parallel of identical or non-identical !odules can also 0e anal.7ed 0. the proposed !ethod" *i!ulation results erif. the theoretical anal.sis" [3##] 1" Bhang, F" Deng, 5"-D" 8iu, and G" 1u, "( direct dut. c.cle calculation algorith! for digital power factor correction KpfcL i!ple!entation," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2322" ( new )DC control !ethod 0ased on direct dut. c.cle calculation is proposed" %he dut. c.cle re,uired to achie e unit. power factor is calculated directl. 0ased on the reference current and sensed inductor current, input oltage and output oltage" Dor 0oth digital and analog i!ple!entation, the proposed )DC control !ethod is si!pler than co!!onl. used a erage current !ode control" %est results for a digital i!ple!entation show that the proposed !ethod can achie e unit. power factor under 0oth stead. and transient state" *inusoidal input current can 0e achie ed under non-sinusoidal input oltage condition" %he proposed digital )DC control !ethod can achie e good d.na!ic perfor!ance for load and input oltage change" [3#$] 1" Bhang, >" Bhang, 5" 1ang, 5" Chen, 5" 8iu, and C" Cao, "( low-cost-7 s-class-e con erter using pt," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1#03" &n this paper, a low-cost-B+*- Class-' con erter using )% to replace con entional 8CC resonant tan= has 0een proposed" %he !ain contri0utions are as the follows: K1L %he 0eha iors of proposed

Class-' con erter ha e 0een in estigated/ K2L *o!e 0asic infor!ation of the proposed circuit is pro ided 0. using )*)&C'/ K3L %he e6peri!ent results show that )1- or ar.ing fre,uenc. controlling approach or 0oth can 0e ta=en in order to regulate the output oltage and the !a6i!u! efficienc. is a0out #5H" [3$0] O" Bhang and (" @" Muang, "&!pacts of transient oltage cla!p on cpu power deli er.," in PESC Record IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 22$" %ransient +oltage Cla!p K%+CL can 0e used in !odern !icroprocessor power deli er. loop to reduce passi e decoupling ele!ents" 1here to put the %+C and how to control it are the o0Iects of this paper" ( !icroprocessor power suppl. design without 0ul= cap on !other0oard 0. using %+C is proposed, which offers (dapti e +oltage )osition function and can !eet &ntelEs +A>10"0 specifications" [3$1] 5" Bhang and )" C" *en, ">-, !odels for resonant con erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 134$" ( s.ste!atic !odeling !ethod for resonant con erters is proposed" %his !ethod de elops low fre,uenc. d-, !odels for resonant con erters" Dor a gi en resonant tan=, its orthogonal counterpart is constructed" G. co!0ining these two orthogonal tan=s, a co!ple6 circuit is o0tained" %he co!ple6 circuit is then e6pressed into a d-, for! circuit" ' er. aria0le in the d-, circuit can 0e treated as a rotating ector with its en elope !odulated 0. a low fre,uenc. function" G. re!o ing high fre,uenc. ter!s, the low fre,uenc. d-, !odel of the resonant con erter is deri ed" %his d-, !odel has a >C operating point and can predict large signal transitions of the resonant con erter with little co!putation" G. pertur0ing the d-, !odel around its >C operating point, e,ui alent circuits for the s!all signal !odels are deri ed" (s an e6a!ple, the series-parallel resonant >C;>C con erter is anal.7ed 0. the proposed !ethod" *tartup process 0. the d-, !odel agrees with the )*)&C' si!ulation results er. well" Dro! the e,ui alent circuits of the s!all signal !odel, transfer functions of input-to-output, control-to-output are o0tained as well as the output i!pedance" %he. are all erified 0. *&-)8&* si!ulation" %his !odeling techni,ue is applica0le to an. resonant con erter and need little co!putation" [3$2] 5" Bhang, 5" Oiong, 5" 8i, and B" Bhang, "( low-cost ti!e opti!u! position control s.ste! of induction !otor," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3321" ( high-perfor!ance high-speed position s.ste! of induction !otor with low-cost encoder 0ased on the opti!u! principle of 0ang-0ang controller is proposed in this paper" %he induction !otor with +;f control is !odeled with a second order fast ti!e opti!u! position control s.ste!" %he e6peri!ental wa efor!s are pro ided to practise the proposition" [3$3] 5" Bhang, >" Ou, -" Chen, 5" Man, and B" >u, "8lc resonant con erter for 4# to 0"$ Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1#4#" r!," in PESC

4#+ to 0"$+ +A- using 88C resonant con erter is presented" B+* is reali7ed for switches and the con erter can operate at higher fre,uenc." Mow to reduce pri!ar. current a!plitude 0. reducing power factor angle is e6plored" %he effect of secondar. lea=age inductance is studied and D'( !ethod is used to find the opti!al transfor!er winding configuration" %he resonant inductor can 0e integrated with transfor!er pri!ar. lea=age inductance, which reduces the total !agnetic co!ponent counts" ( protot.pe of 4#+ to 0"$+;50( +A- is 0uilt to erif. the result" [3$4] C" Bhao and C" 1" Jolar, "( no el three-phase three-port ups e!plo.ing a single high-fre,uenc. isolation transfor!er," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4135" ( three-phase )1- rectifier and a three-phase )1- in erter are coupled ia two four,uadrant full-0ridge con erter cells and a high-fre,uenc. isolation transfor!er" G. e!plo.ing a third transfor!er winding and further full-0ridge cell 0atter. energ. storage is incorporated into the power transfer 0etween rectifier and in erter resulting in a %hree-)ort ?)* concept" %he phase shift control of the

power flow 0etween the ports is anal.7ed for s,uare-wa e operation of the full-0ridge cells" Durther!ore, the utili7ation of the degrees of freedo! of the s.ste! control, i"e" the e6tension to dut. c.cle control for opti!i7ing the s.ste! 0eha ior is discussed and control laws ensuring !ini!u! o erall s.ste! losses are deri ed" Dinall., a control-oriented con erter !odel is proposed and the decoupled control of the power flow of the ports is treated 0riefl." (ll theoretical considerations are erified 0. si!ulations using )*&-" [3$5] >" Bhao, C" Chen, B" 1ang, and 5" 1ang, "%he acti e dc filter in h dc resol ed 0. the !ultiple pw! in erters," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3##$" Gecause the en iron!ental de!and is 0eco!ing stricter and stricter, !ore and !ore attention should 0e paid to the har!onic pro0le! in Migh-+oltage >irect Current KM+>CL trans!ission s.ste!s" %his paper details the principle of acti e >C filter applied in the M+>C s.ste! &t is clearl. stated that the contradiction 0etween the switching fre,uenc. of power switch and the high fre,uencies of har!onics in the >C side of M+>C is the !ain 0ottle-nec= for the application of (>D" -ultiple )ulse 1idth -odulation K)1-L can increase the e,ui alent switching fre,uenc., decrease the stress on switch and i!pro e the perfor!ance of (>D in high fre,uenc." Goth results of si!ulations and e6peri!ents alidate the proposed !ultiple )1-" [3$2] >" Bhao, C" Chen, B" 1ang, and 5" 1ang, "(n appro6i!ate in erse s.ste! control 0ased acti e dc filter applied in h dc," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 325" %his paper details the principle of the acti e >C filter K(>DL applied in the Migh-+oltage >irect Current KM+>CL s.ste!, and proposes a no el co!posite control strateg. co!posed of an appro6i!ate in erse s.ste! open-loop control and a closed-loop control" %he har!onic source current and the co!pensation current are respecti el. !easured as the reference signal and the feed0ac= signal" ( filter 0an= is adopted to co!pose the appro6i!ate in erse s.ste! controller, which is the =e. controller in the co!posite control strateg." Goth results of si!ulations 0ased on )*C(> and e6peri!ents on a 30=+( M+>C s.ste! alidate that the (>D adopting the proposed control strateg. is a0le to cancel the har!onics efficientl. 0ecause of the ad antages of the appro6i!ate in erse s.ste! controller and the a0sence of the e6traction of wea= signal fro! noise" %he wor= is e6pected to 0uild the protot.pe of the future industrial e,uip!ent" [3$3] C" Bhao, %" *ato, %" Na0eshi!a, and %" Na=ano, "*tead.-state and d.na!ic anal.sis of a 0uc= con erter using a h.steretic pw! control," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3254" &n this paper, stead. state and d.na!ic anal.sis of a 0uc= con erter using a M.steretic )1control sche!e is presented" *ince the proposed control sche!e onl. uses a co!parator with h.steresis and a feed0ac= resistor, nu!0ers of co!ponents in a control circuit are reduced" &n addition, no error a!plifier is used, thus the sta0ilit. of the con erter 0eco!es e6cellent" %he stead. state and d.na!ic anal.sis of the proposed con erter is perfor!ed and erified 0. e6peri!ents" 1e pro ed that the proposed control sche!e has no phase lag and shows e6cellent transient response" [3$#] 8" Bhao, A" Chen, and C" >" +an 1.=, "(n integrated co!!on !ode and differential !ode trans!ission line rf-e!i filter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4522" %he increasing fre,uenc. and shrin=ing si7e of power electronic con erters present growing AD-'-& challenges" (s su0se,uent research on the integrated differential !ode AD-'-& filter, this paper proposes an integrated differential !ode K>-L and co!!on !ode KC-L AD-'-& filter" %he filter has a trans!ission-line-li=e structure, incorporating C- and >- filter ele!ents in the 0us0ars" ?tili7ing the pro6i!it. effect, the filter guides the high fre,uenc. C- and >- currents into appropriate high da!ping filter ele!ents and achie es high attenuation" (n e6peri!ental unit has 0een constructed and s!all-signal tests ha e de!onstrated its high da!ping factor for 0oth C- and >- noise at high fre,uencies" ( distri0uted !odel 0ased on !ulti-conductor trans!ission structure theor. is presented in this paper"

[3$$]

B" Bhao, B" 8u, F" Cin, 1" Dei, and 8" Oia, ">e elop!ent of gate-dri ing s.ste! of th.ristor al e with !ultiple isolated outputs used in new-t.pe solid-state short-circuit fault current li!iter in electric power s.ste!," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 3233" %he principle of new-t.pe solid-state short-circuit fault-current li!iter KDC8L is descri0ed, and its whole construction is presented accordingl." ( new =ind of power suppl. with !ultiple isolated outputs used for dri ing th.ristors in DC8 is de eloped, and a new dri ing-circuit topolog. for *CA is also presented" %he chief parts of the power suppl. include a >C current source, a 0ridge-t.pe in erter and a series of output transfor!ers" %urns nu!0er of the pri!ar. winding of all the output transfor!ers is one" %he isolation oltage 0etween e er. two outputs can 0e !ade er. high if ultra-high oltage ca0le is adopted to !a=e the pri!ar. winding of all the output transfor!ers" %he nu!0er and locations of outputs of the power suppl. can 0e changed er. easil. to !eet the re,uire!ents of the th.ristors in the li!iter" 1ith the increase in the oltage le el and the nu!0er of power se!iconductors in the electronic e,uip!ent, the proposed power suppl. will 0e !ore ad antageous" %he wa efor! with the rise-ti!e up to 1us, which is generated 0. dri e-circuit de eloped here, is a0le to ensure fast turn-on of *CA" &n addition, the de eloped strong triggering pulse with ti!e-width of 100us is also a0le to ensure the relia0ilit. of triggering circuit"

[#00]

M" Bhong, )" Chen, B" 8u, and B" @ian, "No el control sche!e 0ased on per-phase reference current calculation for h.0rid series acti e power filter with funda!ental current 0.pass channel in un0alanced conditions," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" $$$" ( No el Control *che!e 0ased on per-phase reference current calculation for M.0rid *eries (cti e )ower Dilter is proposed" G. this control sche!e, the +oltage *ource &n erter K+*&L deli ers the har!onic power onl., 0oth in 0alanced and un0alanced conditions" *o the re,uired rating of the acti e filter can 0e !uch s!aller than that of con entional one" ( 2"4J1 protot.pe is i!ple!ented digitall. 0. %-*320D2403(K>*)L" %he e6peri!ental results show that it is suita0le for high power har!onic suppression"

[#01]

>" Bhou, B" 8iu, )" Jong, J" *un, 8" Muang, and J" *asagawa, "(n i!pro ed dri ing and protection circuit for re erse 0loc=ing ig0t," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 11#" (n i!pro ed dri ing and protection circuit for Ae erse Gloc=ing &FG% KAG-&FG%L is proposed in this paper" %his sche!e can reduce the AG-&FG% switching transition su0stantiall. without causing the increase of di;dt in turn-on transition and d ;dt in turn-off transition" %he dri e part of the proposed circuit is co!posed of a con entional push-pull output stage and two d.na!ic current sources - a current generator and a current sin=" %he push-pull stage wor=s with con entional !ethod while the current generator and current sin= wor= pri!aril. during switching transitions" ( no el detecting and control circuit is i!ple!ented to control the two current sources" &n this paper, a no el o er-current and shortcircuit protection !ethod suita0le for AG-&FG% is also i!ple!ented"

[#02]

C" G" Bhu, -" Cole!an, and 1" F" Murle., "*tate of charge deter!ination in a lead-acid 0atter.: Co!0ined e!f esti!ation and ah-0alance approach," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 1$0#" *tate of Charge K*4CL deter!ination is an increasingl. i!portant issue in 0atter. technolog." &n addition to the i!!ediate displa. of the re!aining 0atter. capacit. to the user, precise =nowledge of *4C e6erts additional control o er the charging;discharging process which in turn reduces the ris= of o eroltage and gassing, which degrade the che!ical co!position of the electrol.te and plates" %his paper descri0es a new approach to *4C deter!ination for the lead-acid 0atter. 0. co!0ining (h-0alance with an '-D esti!ation algorith!, which predicts the 0atter.Es '-D alue while it is under load" %he '-D esti!ation algorith! is 0ased on an e,ui alent-circuit representation of the 0atter., with the para!eters deter!ined fro! a pulse test perfor!ed on the 0atter. and a cur e-fitting algorith! 0. !eans of leasts,uare regression" %he whole 0atter. c.cle is classified into se en states where the *4C is esti!ated with the (h-0alance !ethod and the proposed '-D 0ased algorith!" 8a0orator. tests and results are descri0ed

in detail in the paper" [#03] 8" Bhu, "( no el soft-co!!utating isolated 0oost full-0ridge 7 s-pw! dc-dc con erter for 0i-directional high power applications," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2141" ( soft-co!!utating !ethod and control sche!e for an isolated 0oost full 0ridge con erter is proposed in this paper to i!ple!ent dual operation of the well-=nown soft-switching full 0ridge dc;dc K0uc=L con erter for 0i-directional high power applications" &t pro ides a uni,ue co!!utation logic to !ini!i7e a !is!atch 0etween current in the currentfed inductor and current in the lea=age inductance of the transfor!er when co!!utation ta=es place, significantl. reducing the power rating for a oltage cla!ping snu00er and ena0ling use of a si!ple passi e cla!ped snu00er" %o !ini!i7e the !is!atch, the !ethod and control sche!e utili7es the resonant tan= and freewheeling path in the e6isting full 0ridge in erter at the oltage-fed side to preset the current in the lea=age inductance of the transfor!er in a resonant !anner" Bero- oltage-switching KB+*L is also achie ed for all the switches at the oltage-fed side in erter in 0oost !ode operation" %he proposed soft-co!!utating !ethod is erified through 0oost !ode operation of a 3 =1 0i-directional isolated full 0ridge dc;dc con erter de eloped for fuel cell electric ehicle K'+L applications" [#04] N" Bhu, C" >" +an 1.=, and B" O" 8iang, "%her!al-!echanical stress anal.sis in e!0edded power !odules," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 4503" '!0edded )ower !odules are e6a!ples of planar integration using !etalli7ation interconnections" -echanical properties of interfaces 0etween deposited copper traces and su0strates are i!portant for relia0le operation" %his paper in estigates the alues of ther!al-!echanical stresses 0. &>'(* si!ulation" %he effects of the deposited copper shape to the ther!al-!echanical stress are illustrated in a si!plified structure" %hen a !ulti -la.er structure of an '!0edded )ower !odule was !odeled and the ther!al-!echanical stresses of different la.ers were anal.7ed" %he te!perature c.cling and power c.cling test results are presented" [#05] O" Bhu and O" Ciang, "1eighted least s,uare esti!ation algorith! with software phase-loc=ed loop for oltage sag co!pensation 0. s!es," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2034" ( *uperconducting -agnetic 'nerg. *torage K*-'*L s.ste! is de eloped to protect a critical load fro! !o!entar. oltage sags" %his s.ste! is co!posed of a 0"3-C *-'* coil, a 150J+( &FG%0ased current source in erter and a phase-shift inductor" &n order to co!pensate the load oltage effecti el. whene er a source oltage sag happens, it is crucial for the signal processing algorith! to e6tract the funda!ental co!ponents fro! the sa!ple signals ,uic=l., precisel. and sta0l." &n this paper, an esti!ation algorith! 0ased on the weighted least s,uare principle is de eloped to detect the positi e- and negati ese,uence funda!ental co!ponents fro! the !easured ac oltages and currents" ( software phase-loc=ed loop K*)88L is applied to trac= the positi e-se,uence co!ponent of the source oltage" *i!ulations and e6peri!ents are carried out to de!onstrate the algorith!s" %he results are presented" [#02] -" Biegler, >" >o!es, 1" Mof!ann, and *" 'l-Gar0ari, "( new rectifier 0ased topolog. for electrical dri es: *-a-6 - con erter," in PESC Record - IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, pp" 2$24" %he paper proposes a new topolog. for electrical dri es using a reduced !atri6 con erter" (dding a suita0le offset to the reference alue, an unidirectional con erter output phase current results" %herefore the nu!0er of unidirectional acti e switches in the !atri6 can 0e reduced to 50H" %he co!!utation strateg. 0eco!es inherent safe and si!ple co!pared to the classical !atri6 con erter" )ro0le!s with static !agnetic fields in the stator field, caused 0. the >C-parts in the output currents, can 0e sol ed using a transfor!er or a special t.pe of three-phase winding for the stator of the three-phase !otor" %he latter ena0les the direct coupling of the con erter and the induction !achine"