Huawei Learning Service Department

Dear our friends:

This email is from Learning Service Department of HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. We want to express our heartfelt appreciation for attending previous Huawei training. We are hoping that it has been helpful to your job.

In telecommunication field, the technology is rapidly updating, that we need to continuously study to improve and enhance our capability.

Huawei Learning Service mainly focuses on the industry development and we are glad to share some useful learning solutions as well as materials. We are glad to share with you Learning Service Express in Basic Telecom Technology Overview Including Wireless, Network, Core as attached file.

This material will be updated continuously for your benefit. Hope you'll love it. Your suggestion or feedback on this matter will be highly appreciated. We'll look forward to hear from you, happy reading and learning. Our Contact: me_training@huawei.com
Huawei Learning Service Department

Huawei Learning Service Department

We meet new and confusing terms almost every day. We are eager to learn them but always dont have the time to. We even dont have the time to choose what to learn. Our time is so limited against the unlimited increase of information. Learning Service Express condenses each point of knowledge into one diagram and one text description and helps you to get the point in 3 minutes. It is impossible for Learning Service Express to entail all technical details. Nevertheless, we hope to give you the most valuable part in the shortest

Wireless Core

Datacom Transmission

possible time.

What is MIMO
MIMO is abbreviated from Multiple Input Multiple Output. Purpose: MIMO aims to increase the radio transmission rate. It is in wide use in WCDMA, WiFi, WiMAX, and LTE systems. Brief: MIMO is proposed by Marconi in 1908. It uses multiple antennas to suppress channel fading. The use MIMO channels can increase the capacity of radio channels by multiple times. It offers higher spectral efficiency without additional bandwidth or transmit power. It also improves the reliability of channels and reduces the bit error rate. The principle of MIMO is like that of stereophonic sound. The more the stereo channels and speakers, the more sounds are heard. The more MIMO traffic flows and Tx/Rx antennas, the higher the transmission rate. MIMO, as the state of the art of Intelligent antenna (IA), improves the performance of radio systems by embedding electronics intelligence into the spatial processing unit. Spatial processing includes spatial precoding at the transmitter and spatial postcoding at the receiver, which are dual each other from information signal processing theoretic point of view. Intelligent antenna is technology which represents smart antenna, multiple antenna (MIMO), self-tracking directional antenna, cooperative virtual antenna and so on.

Huawei Learning Service Department

Huawei Learning Service Department

What is MPLS
MPLS is abbreviated from Multi-Protocol Label Switching Purpose: MPLS aims to increase the forwarding speed. While forwarding packets, MPLS analyzes the IP packet header only at the network edge and not at every hop. This differs from the traditional IP routing, and saves the processing time. Brief: MPLS is a kind of label forwarding technology, it adopts connectionless control plane and connection oriented data plane, connectionless control plane implements routing transmission and label distribution, connection oriented data plane implements packet transmission along LSP (label switch path) established before. In MPLS network domain, router does not need to analyze every packets destination IP address, just forwards by label that added before the IP header (as the figurer shows that RTB receives labeled packet from RTA, then forwards by label, RTC is similar). Comparing to traditional IP forwarding, MPLS label forwarding greatly improves forwarding efficiency.

What is IMS
IMS is abbreviated from IP Multimedia Subsystem Purpose:The aim of IMS is not only to provide new services but all the services, current and future, that the Internet provides. In this way, IMS will give network operators and service providers the ability to control and charge for each service. In addition, users have to be able to execute all their services when roaming as well as from their home networks. Brief: The IMS supports a wide variety of access devices. In fact, access devices can connect to the IMS as long as they can interwork with core networks through IP and support SIP. IMS runs on top of IP. This allows the IMS to provide all session, non-session, and multimedia services. It has to be pointed out that the largest advantage of the IMS is that it provides an optimal open platform which allows any function to be implemented. You should understand that the advantage of the IMS is not restricted to the services that the IMS can provide.

Huawei Learning Service Department

Huawei Learning Service Department

What is CSFB
CSFB is abbreviated from Circuit Switched Fallback. Purpose: At the beginning of 4G, there is no IMS network, voice go through CS. Brief: In EPS, richer features/services can be offered to the end-user together with voice via IMS. While this is the case for EPS, it is challenging for some operators to launch EPS with data and voice/IMS from day one. Hence, these operators need a migration path to allow them to start from EPS with data only and allow the reuse of CS domain services until they get to the point where IMS voice can be added to the EPS. With CS fallback, data service is still carried over EPC while voice service is carried over traditional 2G/3G CS core. With CSFB, the MME is connected to the MSC server in 2G/3G network. UE are required to attach to both SAE and G/U network, which require a combined attach. With CSFB, SMS is delivered from EPC to MSC over SGs interface, and then to short message center (SMC).

What is AFE
AFE is abbreviated from Adaptive Frequency Equalization, it's a Microwave Propagation and Antifading Technologies. Purpose: AFE uses the frequency characteristics of an adjustable network to compensate distortion of amplitude frequency characteristics and phase frequency characteristics of actual channels. Brief: A standard signal frequency spectrum, after being transmitted, will have frequency spectrum characteristic distortion due to multipath fading and other factors. The signals will distort accordingly. We may equalize the distorted signal frequency spectrum via the slope of a frequency domain to reduce the influence of signal frequency domain distortion. This method is called Frequency Domain Equalization. Frequency domain equalization only equalizes the amplitude frequency response characteristics of the signal instead of the phase frequency spectrum characteristics. The circuit is simple.

Huawei Learning Service Department