ANGLE SETTINGS FOR 33kV INCOMING CABLE FOR DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT PROTECTION

CT Details: CT Ratio CT Class : : 600-400/1 A 5P20 400 0.1 REF 545 A VA

Selected Tap: Rated Burden : Relay Type : Note:

1) This relay acts as a Back-up to the cable differential as a primary one, using its 67 IDMT Characteristic. Setting for the Base Angle: Grid Impedance calculations Since, the system is solidly grounded, to have maximum sensitivity X/R ratio of the remote grid Magnitude of grid Impedance System Nominal Voltage Max. PE S/C current at the remote 33kV Grid = = = = = Min. PE S/C Current at the remote 33kV Grid = = 1 During Min. Grid Fault level condition = = 2 During Max. Grid fault condition = = 3 Hence, Impedance of the grid during Min. Fault condition, Zgmin = = 4 Hence, Impedance of the grid during Max. Fault condition, Zgmax = = 5 Positive Sequence Impedance of the incoming cable Zc1,Zc2 & Zc3 Zero Sequence Impedance of the incoming cable Zc1,Zc2 & Zc3 6 Positive Sequence Impedance for a length of 5.4 km of the cable Zero Sequence Impedance for a length of 5.4 km of the cable Typical Fault resistance value = = = = 10 (As per Spec.) Voltage / Short Circuit Current rating 33 kV 3.95 kA 3.95 kA 2 kA 2 kA 33/(sqrt(3) x 2.00) 9.526 33/(sqrt(3) x 3.95) 4.823 9.526*(cos(atan(10)) + 0.948+9.479i 4.823*(cos(atan(10))+jsin((atan(10)) 0.48+4.799i 9.8E-002+0.107i 0.44+7E-002i 0.5292+0.5778i 2.376+0.378i 0.200 /km /km /km /km Ohm j sin((atan(10))

Impedance seen by directional relay (direction is towards grid) for minimum & maximum fault

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7 Hence, the total impedance for the fault at the 33kV end of the cable of Line-1 feeder during min. grid fault condition (for minimum fault current seen by directional relay) = 8 Impedance angle under the min. grid fault condition, 1 = = 9 Impedance of the path during max. grid fault condition (for maximum fault current seen by directional relay) = 10 Impedance angle under the maximum grid fault condition, 2 = 0.513+4.835i atan (4.8350 / 0.5130) 83.94 11 Impedance seen by Directional relay for fault at Grid end at distance x During minimum grid condition a) Impedance seen = = Fault angle During maximum grid condition a) Impedance seen = = Fault angle = {Zgmax +(1-x) Zc1+Zc2 || Zc3 } p,n,z + Zfault 5.4744+15.9306i 71.04 = {Zgmin +(1-x) Zc1+Zc2 } p,n,z + Zfault 8.5956+30.7374i 74.38 50 % = = Zgmin+ (Zc1 ll Zc2) Zgmin (p+n+z)+ (Zc1 ll Zc2) 1.2126+9.7679i atan (9.7679 / 1.2126) 82.92 Zgmax+(Zc1 ll Zc2 ll Zc3)

Since, the settings done based upon the minimum fault condition to give enough sensitivity The base angle setting is given based upon the minimum grid fault condition. The nearest Base Angle Setting selected, b Hence, the setting selected The operating sector = = = = 71.04 71.04 71.04 151.04 to 80 -8.96

During the fault condition the angle falls within the range of above operating section,Hence relay will operate positively for fault in the particular directions.

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SUMMARY OF SETTINGS FOR DIRECTIONAL EARTH FAULT PROTECTION:

Setting Selected for RP6 towards s/s bus For Low-set stage I>, Inverse Charecteristics Selected Setting Setting Range Start current I> Time multiplier K 0.3-2.5IN 0.05-100 Setting Selected for RP6D towards Grid bus 0.1 0.05

Remarks

67IDMT Backup for Downstream & cable Differential Portection

For High-set stage I>>, Directional chosen Start current I>> Operating time 0.5 to 40IN 0.04 to 300 s 5 0.1

For High-set stage I>>>, Non-Directional chosen (50 DT) Start current I>>> Operating time Base Angle Setting Direction of sensitivity 2 to 40IN 0.04-30 s 0 to -90 NA NA 71.04

Towards the Grid (Away from Busbar)

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