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Differential staining pattern of sister chromatids gives clue to the number of times a cell has
divided in culture.
I- All chromosomes both sister chromatids stained uniformly darkly.
II- Harlequin chromosomes with one chromatid darkly stained and sister chromatid lightly stained.
III- some harlequin chromosomes (15–30 chromosomes) and other chromosomes with both sister chromatids
stained uniformly lightly.
IV- some chromosomes show the light and dark pattern (7–13 chromosomes), and the rest with both sister
chromatids stained uniformly lightly.
SCE assay: Mainly used in human lymphocytes and cell lines.
Applicable to any cells able to divide twice (2 S-phases) in culture in the presence of analogues
of thymidine such as bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU).
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