Fd.E. Process Control Applications in Food Industry Assoc. Prof. Dr. Deniz ekmeceliolu Assist.

Ali beyitoullar PROBLEM SET 2 (Homework: 2 & 4, Due date: November 6, 2013) 1. It is aimed to produce a substance B from a raw material A in a CSTR of volume V m3. The formation of B is reversible, the forward and reverse reactions may be considered as first order. In addition, B undergoes an irreversible first order decomposition to a third component C. Inlet A concentration is CA0, at steady state with volumetric flow rate Q m3/min, derive the mathematical model for the given system (Assume there is no B in the feed solution). 2. Consider the mixing process taking place in a two-tank system (in the figure below). a. Identify the state variables of the system. b. Determine what balances you should perform. c. Develop the state models that describe the dynamic behavior of the process. d. Determine the transfer function, T4(s)/T1(s) . Assume that the flow rates are volumetric and constant. A1 and A2 are the crosssectional areas of the two tanks and At is the heat transfer area for the steam coil.

3. A process model is given: 2 + 6 = 1 2 with the initial conditions, (0) = (0) = 0. a. Using Laplace transformation, find the solutions of this model when a=1 and a=5. b. Plot the solution x (t) on one graph and discuss the effect of the parameter a on the solution.
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4. A liquid-phase isothermal reaction takes place in a continuous stirred-tank reactor. The reaction is first-order: = We assume that the vessel has a constant volume, operates isothermally (constant temperature), and is well mixed. a. Derive the process transfer function between the outlet (tank) concentration and the feed concentration of component A. b. For the design and operating parameters, 0 = 0.1 = 0.05 / min , find the transfer function. 5. Consider the continuous stirred tank reactor system shown in figure. Stream 1 is a mixture of A and B with composition cA1 and cB1 (moles/volume) and has a volumetric flow rate F1 and a temperature T1. Stream 2 is a pure R. The reactions taking place are:
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, = 2 3 , 0 = 0.1

Both reactions are endothermic and have second-order (reaction 1) and third order (reaction 2) kinetics. Heat is supplied to the reaction mixture by steam which flows through a coil, immersed in the reactors content, with a heat transfer area At. a. What are the state variables describing the natural state of the system? b. What are the balances that you should consider? c. Develop the state model for the CSTR system. d. How can you simplify the state model if k210-7 k1 for a large range of temperatures. e. Define the assumptions that should be made in order to have an isothermal reactor.