Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
2013/03/27
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2013/03/27
Types of windings
Armature Winding:
Types of windings
Field Winding:
The winding that carries the LOAD current. As the load changes the armature winding current
changes.
Can be either AC or DC
AC: DC:
Induction and Synchronous Machines DC machines, but requires a commutator.
www.cst.com
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Types of machines
DC Brushless DC Synchronous Induction (Squirrel Cage, Wound Rotor, 3,1) Variable Reluctance Stepper Servo Permanent Magnet
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http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu. au/jw/electricmotors.html 10
Synchronous Machine
Discuss Schematic of salient-pole ac synchronous generator Field winding: Two pole machine
Armature winding
Number of coils (here only 1) with N
turns
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Synchronous Machine
Synchronous Machine
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www.electrotechnik.net
Projecting poles Non uniform airgap Concentrated Windings Multiple poles: Slow rotation
Non-protruding poles Uniform airgap Distributed windings in slots Two poles: Fast rotation
protectionrelay.blogspot.com
collections.infocollections.org www.accessscience.com
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Synchronous Machine
Schematic views of three-phase generators: (a) two-pole, (b) four-pole, and (c) Y connection of the windings.
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Figure 4.12
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Induction Machine
AC on stator and rotor AC applied to stator Stator windings = Sync Machs
www.assignmentxperts.com Stator and rotor FIELDS are in sync Rotor field and rotor are NOT in sync Rotor is said to slip and is SLOWER than the 19 two rotating magnetic fields www.ewh.ieee.org
http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/jw/electricmotors_staticimages.html
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DC Machine
(a) Space distribution of air-gap flux density in an elementary dc 21 machine; (b) waveform of voltage between brushes. Figure 4.18
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Introduction
full-pitch winding: Coil that spans 180 electrical degrees, ie one side of the coil is under N pole when other side is under S pole.
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Fundamental mmf.
(4.5) (4.6)
Where: kw: (0.85 0.95) Winding factor taking into account winding distribution causing the mmf s produced by the individual coils of any one phase group to have different magnetic axes (see next slide) Nph: Total number of series turns per phase ia: Winding current a : Angle measure from the magnetic axis kwNph: Effective series turns per phase for the fundamental mmf Fag1
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Example 4.1
Example 4.1a
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Note that the air-gap mmf distribution depends on only the winding arrangement and symmetry of the magnetic structure at each pole. The air-gap flux density, however, depends not only on the mmf but also on the magnetic boundary conditions, primarily the length of the air gap, the effect of the slot openings, and the shape of the pole face. (p195)
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(a) Developed sketch of the dc machine of Fig. 4.22; (b) mmf wave; (c) equivalent sawtooth mmf wave, its fundamental component, and equivalent rectangular current sheet.
Figure 4.23
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Nph:
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The air-gap mmf and radial component of Hag for a concentrated full-pitch winding.
Figure 4.25
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Magnitude of Fag1 depends on BOTH: - Space ae (position along stator) - Time t (due to AC current)
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Middle of p 203:
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At t = 0
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1 cos 120 120 2 1 cos 120 120 2 1 cos 2 1 cos 120 120 2 1 cos 120 120 2 -240 = +120 1 cos 120 2 55
1 cos 120 120 2 1 cos 120 120 2 1 cos 2 1 cos 120 120 2 1 cos 120 120 2 240 = -120 1 cos 120 2 56
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1. It is a space-fundamental sinusoidal function of the electrical space angle ae and hence of the space angle a. 2. Constant amplitude of 3. Positive peak at angle a = (2/poles)et. 4. The air-gap mmf wave rotates at synchronous angular velocity s = (2/poles)e. 5. Synchronous speed in rpm ito fe = e/(2):
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http://www.ece.umn.edu/users/riaz/ani mations/spacevectors.html
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