Anatomy Review

ARM Elbow
Elbow joint is formed by the Ulna and Radius which both share an articulation with the Humerus The ulna is much larger proximally than the radius but distally the radius is much larger The Scapula and Humerus serve as proximal attachment sites for muscles that flex and extend the elbow Elbow joint is a hinge-joint, only allows flexion and extension. Elbow Flexors= Biceps brachii, Brachialis, Brachioradialis Elbow Extensors=Triceps brachii, anconeus Pronators= Pronator teres, Pronator quadratus, brachioradialis Supinator= Supinator, Brachioradialis, Biceps brachii

Muscles Of the Arm

Biceps Brachii O: Scapula I: Radius A: Flexion of elbow & supination of forearm

Brachialis

O: Humerus I:Ulna A: Flexion of elbow, synergist that assists the biceps brachii

Brachioradialis O: Humerus I: Radius A: Flexes the forearm at the elbow

Triceps Brachii O: 1.Long Head 2.Lateral Head 3.Medial Head Scapula & Humorus I:Ulna A: Shoulder - Extension, Adduction Elbow-Extension

Muscles Of the Shoulder Anterior Deltoid O: Clavicle I: Humerus A: Shoulder Abduction, Flexion, Transverse Flexion, Internal Rotation
Lateral Deltoid O:Scapula I;Humerus A: ShoulderAbduction, Flexion, Transverse Abduction

Posterior Deltoid O:Scapula I:Humerus A: Extension, Transverse Extension Transverse Abduction, External Rotation Rotator Cuff Muscles(4) Subscapularis (1) O:Scapula I:Humerus A: Internal Rotation,Anterior Stability, Posterior Stability

Supraspinatus(2) O:Scapula I:Humerus A:Abduction and stabilization of the GH joint

Infraspinatus(3) O:Scapula I:Hmerus A: External Rotation, Transverse Abduction, Transverse Extension, Posterior Stability

Teres Minor(4) O:Scapula I:Humerus A: External Rotation, Transverse Abduction, Transverse Extension, Posterior Stability

Coracobrachialis O:Scapula I:Humers A: Flexion of the GH joint, Adduction of the GH joint, Horizontal Adduction of the GH joint

Teres Major O:Scapula I:Humerus A: Extension, Internal Rotation, Adduction

Muscles That Move the Scapula Posterior Serratus Anterior Trapezius Rhomboid Levator Scapulae Anterior Pectoralis minor Subclavius*

Trapezius Upper Fibres: O- base of the skull, occipital protuberance posterior ligaments of the neck I- Posterior aspect of lateral 1/3 of the clavicle Middle Fibres: O- SPs of C7, T1-3 I- Medial border of the acromion process and upper border of the scapular spine Lower Fibres: O- SPs of T4-12 I- triangular space at the base of the scapular spine A: Upper: Elevation of the scapula, extension and rotation of the head at the neck Middle: Elevation, upward rotation, and adduction (retraction) of the scapula Inferior: depression, adduction (retraction), and upward rotation of the scapula Levator Scapulae O: TPs of C1-4 I: Medial Border of the scapula A: Elevates the medial margin of the scapula(shrug)

Rhomboids O: SPs of C7, T1-5 I: Medial Border of the scpula, below the spine of the scapula A: Scapula abduction, Retraction, Downward rotation

CHEST MUSCLES Pectoralis Minor O:Ribs 3-5 I:Scapula (coracoid process) A:Scapula Abduction, Downward Rotation, Depression

Serratus Anterior O:Ribs I: Scapula A: Scapula Abduction, Upward Rotation, Elevation

Pectoralis Major

O: Sternum (Anterior) Ribs (2 nd to 6 th) Costal Cartriges I: Humerus A: Shoulder- Transverse Flexion, Transverse Adduction, Internal Rotation, Adduction, Extension
Scapula- Downward Rotation, Depression, Abduction