ANNAI MATHAMMAL SHEELA ENGG.

COLLEGE, NAMAKKAL
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGG.

III Year EEE B Sec

EE 1352 POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS
UNIT II (POWER FLOW ANALYSIS)
Part A ( 2 Marks)
1. What is a bus?
2. How are buses in the power system classified?
3. Explain the bus classification in a power system with their known and unknown
quantities.
4. What is swing bus?
5. What is the need for slack bus in a power system?
6. Define PQ bus.
7. Explain load bus.
8. What is bus admittance matrix?
9. Define bus impedance matrix.
10. List the properties of Y-bus.
11. Write the expression to determine new elements of Y-bus after eliminating nth node
using Kron Reduction technique.
12. What are the four quantities associated with each bus in any power system?
13. What are the methods used for iterative solution of nonlinear algebraic equations?
14. Write the general power flow equation.
15. What is flat voltage start?
16. Explain the use of acceleration factor in Gauss Seidel load flow solution and give its
best value.
17. When the generator bus is treated as load bus?
18. List the advantages and disadvantages of Gauss-Seidel method.
19. List the advantages and disadvantages of Newton Raphson method.
20. Give the advantages of Fast Decoupled Load Flow method.
Part B ( 15 Marks )
1. For a power system network with the following data, compute the bus admittance
matrix.
Bus Code
1-2
2-3
3-4
1-3
1-4

Pu Line
Impedance
0.05+j0.12
0.06+j0.4
0.75+j0.25
0.045+j0.45
0.015+j0.05

Halfline charging
Admittance
j0.025
j0.02
j0.015
-

2. Eliminate buses 3 and 4 in given bus admittance and form new bus admittance
matrix.
j 4.0
j 5.0
j 9.0 0.0
0.0 j 7.5
j 2.5
j 5.0

j 4.0
j 2.5 j14.5
j8.0

j 5.0
j8.0 j18.0
j 5.0

3. The system data for a load flow solution are given in the tables. Determine the
voltages at the end of first iteration by Gauss-Seidel method. Take = 1.6
Bus
Code
1-2
2-3
3-4
1-3
1-4

Admittance
2-j8
1-j4
0.666-j2.664
1-j4
2-j8

Buscode
1
2
2
3
3
4
4

Buscode
1
2
3
4
Bus
Code
1-2
2-3
3-4
1-3
2-4

P
0.
5
0.
4
0.
2

P
0.
5
0.
4
0.
3

Q
0.
2
0.
3
0.
1

V
Remarks
1.06 0
Slack
PQ
PQ
-

PQ
PQ

PQ
PQ

Q
0.1 Q 2 1 0.
2

V
Remarks
1.06 0
Slack
1.04

PV

0.3

PQ

0.1

PQ

Admittance
1-j5
0.5-j4
1.2-j3
1.2-j4
1.1-j2

4. The system data for a load flow solution are given in the tables. Determine the
voltages at the end of first iteration by Gauss-Seidel method. Take = 1.6

5. For the system, the specifications and line impedances are given in the table. Assume
that all the buses other than slack bus are PQ type. By taking a flat voltage profile,
determine the bus voltages at the end of first Gauss Seidel iteration.

Bus
Code
1-2
2-4
3-4
1-3
1-4

0.05
0.10
0.05
0.10
0.20

0.15
0.30
0.15
0.30
0.40

Buscode
1
2
3
4

P
0.
5
0.
4
0.
3

Q
0.
2
0.
3
0.
1

V
Remarks
1.06 0
Slack
-

PQ

PQ

PQ

6. Explain the load flow solution through step by procedure using Gauss Seidel method.
7. Explain the load flow solution including all buses using Gauss Seidel iteration
method by using flowchart.
8. For the system given below, determine the voltages at the end of the first iteration by
Gauss-Seidel method and also find the slack bus power, line flows, transmission loss.
Assume base MVA as 100.

Bus
Code
1-2
2-3
1-3

Buscode
1
2

Adm.
j0.4
j0.2
j0.3

3
4

P
0.5
1.0
0.3

Q
0.4 Q 2 1.0

V
Remarks
1.05 0
Slack
1.07
PQ

0.5

PQ

-0.1

PQ

9. Describe the load flow algorithm using Newton Raphson method.

10. With a flowchart, explain the Newton Raphson iterative method for solving load flow
problem.
11. Perform two iteration of Newton Raphson load flow method and determine the power
Bus
code

Generator
P
Q

Load
P

1.05
0
2
1.02
0.3
3
0.4
flow solution for the given system. Take base MVA as 100.
1

Qmin

Qmax

0.2

-10
-

100
-

Line
1

Bus
From
1

To
2
Bus
1
2

PL
90
30

R (pu)

X (pu

Half line charging

admittance

0.0839

0.5183

0.0636

QL
20
10

12. With a neat flowchart, explain the computational procedure for load flow solution
using fast decoupled method when the system contains all types of buses.
Prepared by,
Mrs. D. Vidhya Priya,
L/EEE